JP5248201B2 - Apparatus and method for regenerating lead acid battery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for recovering the capacity of a lead storage battery and preventing a decrease in the capacity of the recovered lead storage battery. In particular, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for removing sulfation generated on an electrode of a lead-acid battery and preventing sulfation from being regenerated on the electrode.

  Lead-acid batteries, which are a type of secondary battery, are cheaper than other secondary batteries and can extract a relatively high voltage, so automobile and motorcycle batteries, commercial power backup power supplies, battery-driven forklifts It is widely used as a power source for electric vehicles such as batteries for small airplanes and power sources for uninterruptible power supplies. When a lead-acid battery is repeatedly charged and discharged or left unused, the electric capacity may be significantly reduced. The main factor is sulfation.

In general, lead-acid batteries use lead (Pb) as the active material for the negative electrode, lead dioxide (PbO ₂ ) as the active material for the positive electrode, and dilute sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) as the electrolyte. At the time of discharging, lead sulfate (PbSO ₄ ) is generated on the positive electrode and the negative electrode, but the generated lead sulfate returns to the negative electrode, the positive electrode, and the electrolytic solution as lead, lead dioxide, and sulfuric acid, respectively, at the time of charging. Therefore, if an ideal chemical reaction proceeds, the lead-acid battery can be used permanently. However, since lead storage batteries are rarely used in a method and environment where an ideal chemical reaction proceeds, in many cases, the lead sulfate produced on the electrode plate with use is often Gradually it will grow and a hard crystalline film will be produced. This is a phenomenon called sulfation.

  In general, an electrode plate of a lead storage battery is formed as a spongy electrode having a large number of pores on the surface in order to increase the surface area and increase the electric capacity of the lead storage battery. This pore is blocked by inert lead sulfate that does not contribute to the electrode reaction due to sulfation, and the surface area of the electrode plate is reduced, and the internal resistance of the lead storage battery is increased due to the presence of lead sulfate as an insulating material. The capacity of will be greatly reduced.

  The following has been proposed as a conventional technique for removing the lead sulfate film deposited by sulfation. For example, Patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose a technique in which a high-frequency pulse current is passed through a lead storage battery, and the lead sulfate film deposited on the electrode plate is removed by physical impact. There are many techniques based on such a pulse current in patent documents other than patent documents 1 to 3. In Patent Document 4, a rail voltage (a DC voltage obtained by converting an AC voltage from a power supply by a full-wave rectifier) is modulated with a modulation signal having a frequency that matches the natural resonance frequency of the battery, and the rail voltage after modulation is modulated. Discloses a technique for charging a battery. Although the specific effect of the battery recovery by this technology is not specified in the specification, the entire battery resonates with a modulation signal having a frequency that matches the natural resonance frequency of the battery, and sulfation is eliminated by its physical shock. It seems to do. Furthermore, in Patent Document 5, the stratification phenomenon of the electrolyte is prevented by applying a sound wave having a frequency lower than its natural frequency to the battery during the lead-acid battery leaving period, and the generation of lead sulfate on the electrode plate and A maintenance method for suppressing accumulation is disclosed.

Japanese Patent No. 3902212 Japanese Patent No. 3564458 Japanese Patent No. 3510895 Special table 2001-517419 specification Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-56897

  The above prior art has the following problems. First, in the case of a technology based on pulse current (pulse voltage), the time required for the pulse current to flow through the lead-acid battery (or the time during which the pulse voltage is applied) is short, so that the electrode sulfation is sufficient. It may not be possible to remove it. Also, most of the prior art is to remove the lead storage battery from the vehicle and regenerate it. Therefore, even if the lead storage battery can be regenerated by such a technique, sulfation will occur at the electrode while the regenerated lead storage battery is mounted on the vehicle again and continued to be used. It is difficult to maintain a good state for a long time. In addition, both technologies require a separate power source for the operation of the lead-acid battery regenerator. In the case of a technology for regenerating a lead storage battery while being mounted on a vehicle, the lead storage battery to be regenerated is used as a power source, and therefore a dark current is generated even when the engine is not operating. Furthermore, in the case of a pulse-based technique, since it is necessary to output a pulse current having a short pulse width, the circuit configuration of the apparatus becomes complicated and the apparatus becomes expensive.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention is a lead-acid battery regeneration maintaining device for recovering the capacity of a lead-acid battery and preventing the capacity of the recovered lead-acid battery from decreasing. A series resonance circuit including a coil and at least one resonance capacitor and connected in parallel to the lead acid battery, wherein the inductance of the at least one resonance coil and the capacitance of the at least one resonance capacitor comprise the lead acid battery. A lead characterized in that a current having a frequency substantially tuned to the frequency of an attenuation wave generated from a charging power source for charging is adjusted to flow inside a circuit constituted by a series resonance circuit and a lead-acid battery. A storage battery regeneration maintaining device is provided.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention is a lead storage battery regeneration maintaining method for recovering the capacity of a lead storage battery and preventing a decrease in the capacity of the recovered lead storage battery, wherein the lead storage battery is charged. The frequency of the attenuation wave generated from the charging power supply for the current is measured, and the current of the frequency approximately tuned to the frequency of the attenuation wave in the circuit constituted by the series resonance circuit and the lead storage battery connected in parallel to the lead storage battery So that the inductance of at least one resonance coil included in the series resonance circuit and the capacitance of at least one resonance capacitor are adjusted, the series resonance circuit is connected in parallel to the lead storage battery, and the AC of the charging power supply A method is provided that converts a voltage to a DC voltage and applies it to a lead acid battery.

  According to the present invention, a series-resonant device in which a resonance frequency is adjusted so that a lead-acid battery regeneration maintaining device including a series resonance circuit having a coil and a capacitor is substantially tuned to the frequency of an attenuation wave generated from a charging power supply (alternator). By connecting to the lead storage battery so that the circuit and the lead storage battery are connected in parallel, a resonance current having a large amplitude obtained by amplifying the amplitude of the attenuation wave is constituted by the series resonance circuit and the lead storage battery (this circuit). Can be thought of as a parallel resonant circuit considering the series resonant circuit and the inductance component of the lead acid battery. In the present invention, the parts used in the lead-acid battery regeneration maintaining device, particularly, the parts in which the coil winding resistance and the capacitor ESR (equivalent series resistance) are properly selected by appropriately selecting the coil and the capacitor. By using this, a series resonant circuit having a Q value in a predetermined range is configured. When a series resonance circuit having a Q value in a predetermined range is connected in parallel with a lead storage battery, a parallel resonance point of the parallel resonance circuit composed of the series resonance circuit and the inductance component of the lead storage battery, and a series resonance point of the series resonance circuit, (That is, since a narrow peak is obtained at the resonance point, the resonance frequency of the series resonance circuit and the resonance frequency of the parallel resonance circuit are close to each other). Therefore, by adjusting the resonance frequency of the series resonance circuit so as to be close to the frequency of the attenuation wave (that is, approximately tuned), the frequency of the attenuation wave and the resonance frequency of the parallel resonance circuit are approximately tuned. As a result, the resonance current generated by the series resonance circuit flows into the parallel resonance circuit, and the electrode of the lead storage battery vibrates by this resonance current, and sulfation is removed. Furthermore, a resonance current is maintained inside the parallel resonance circuit, and the electrode plate of the lead storage battery can constantly vibrate due to the sustained resonance current, thereby preventing the occurrence of sulfation.

  Since the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device and method according to the present invention resonates with the decay wave generated from the operating charging power source and generates a resonance current, the lead storage battery regeneration maintenance device and method according to the present invention No power is required to operate the battery, and therefore no power is consumed when the charging power supply is not operating (that is, no dark current is generated). According to the apparatus and method concerning this invention, while reproducing | regenerating using a lead storage battery, it is possible to maintain the state of a lead storage battery very favorably. Since the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device according to the present invention has a simple configuration including a series resonance circuit having a coil and a capacitor, the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device is inexpensive.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1A shows a state in which the lid of the apparatus 3 is opened to expose the internal resin or heat insulating material, and FIG. 1B further shows the components inside the apparatus by removing the resin or the heat insulating material. It shows the state that can be seen. 2 and 3 are block diagrams showing a state in which the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device 3 according to one embodiment of the present invention is connected to a lead storage battery (also referred to as a battery) 4 mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile. . As shown in FIG. 1, the lead-acid battery regeneration maintaining device 3 includes a series resonance circuit 35 in which at least one resonance coil 31 and at least one resonance capacitor 32 are connected in series. The lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device 3 further includes a case (housing) 33 that houses the series resonance circuit, a wiring 34 for connecting the series resonance circuit 35 to the lead storage battery 4, and the series resonance circuit 35 inside the case 33. And a resin or heat insulating material 36 for protecting the series resonant circuit 35 from the heat inside the engine room. The material of the case 33 can be metal or plastic, but is not limited thereto, as long as it can protect the series resonance circuit 35 and can withstand the heat in the engine room. Good. The length of the wiring 34 is preferably as short as possible so as to increase the Q value (described later) by decreasing the resistance of the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device 3, and more preferably within about 1 m. The material of the resin or the heat insulating material 36 is not particularly limited as long as it can protect the series resonance circuit 35 from the heat inside the engine room. In addition, it is preferable that these components which comprise the lead storage battery reproduction | regeneration maintenance apparatus 3 satisfy | fill quality that heat resistance is high, DC resistance is low, and Q value is large. Details of the resonance coil 31 and the resonance capacitor 32 will be described later.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device 3 is connected to the lead storage battery 4 so that the series resonance circuit 35 and the lead storage battery 4 are connected in parallel. The lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device 3 and the lead storage battery 4 can be connected by a method known to those skilled in the art, but both ends of the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device 3 can be directly connected to the terminals of the lead storage battery 4. preferable. Lead-acid batteries that can be regenerated by the lead-acid battery regeneration maintaining device according to the present invention are all types of lead-acid batteries such as bent-type lead-acid batteries and control valve-type lead-acid batteries. It should be noted that the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device and method according to the present invention also lead to significant deterioration of the lead storage battery, for example, (1) the electrode is damaged or deformed, and (2) an internal short circuit between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electrode. It should be noted that things that are physically damaged, such as those that are, may not be reproducible. A lead-acid battery in which an electrode is damaged and deformed is a battery that is deformed by preventing the precipitation of lead at the negative electrode during sulfation and preventing uniform growth of the electrode. The internal short circuit of the electrode is a short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes caused by the deposit of lead sulfate deposited on the internal components. Further, according to the apparatus and method of the present invention, even a lead storage battery in which the specific gravity of the electrolytic solution is greatly reduced can be recovered, but the specific gravity is caused by the above-described electrode breakage deformation and internal short circuit. It may not be possible to recover for those with reduced

  The inductance L of the resonance coil 31 of the series resonance circuit 35 and the capacitance C of the resonance capacitor 32 indicate that the resonance frequency of the series resonance circuit 35 is an attenuation wave generated by the charging power source (also referred to as “alternator”) 1 (many In this case, the frequency is adjusted so as to be substantially synchronized with the frequency of the sine wave. The charging power source 1 is a device for converting mechanical energy transmitted along with the rotation of the engine into electric energy (AC power). The AC power generated by the charging power source 1 is converted into DC power by the rectifier 2. After the conversion, it is stored in the lead storage battery 4. The charging power source 1 and the rectifier 2 may be collectively referred to as a charging power source. In this case, the attenuation wave to be used is strictly generated by the rectifier 2. Details of the attenuation wave will be described later.

  The mechanism of action in which the lead storage battery is regenerated by the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device according to the present invention and the regenerated state is maintained has not been clarified in detail at present, but the inventors of the present invention generally have the following: It is estimated that FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of waveforms detected when the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lead storage battery 4 is measured with an oscilloscope in an automobile in which the engine is operating. Between the electrodes of the lead-acid battery 4, mainly (1) a wave generated by the operation of the charging power source 1 (A in FIG. 4), (2) a wave of a voltage drop accompanying plug ignition (B in FIG. 4) ), (3) Three types of waves, a wave having a large wavelength (C in FIG. 4) generated as the belt of the charging power source 1 rotates, are detected. Among them, the wave (1) (A in FIG. 4) is a wave detected immediately after the voltage drop (B in FIG. 4) caused by the plug ignition, and is generated using the counter electromotive force of the ignition coil as a trigger. As a precursor to the occurrence of the attenuation wave, the voltage between the electrodes of the lead storage battery decreases because a large amount of current is consumed for charging the ignition coil, which is one index for identifying the above-described attenuation wave. The wave of (1) looks like a pulse on the horizontal axis (time) scale (unit time 20 ms) in FIG. 4, but when the scale is enlarged, the high frequency as shown in the lower part of FIG. It turns out that it is an attenuation wave. This high frequency generated by the charging power source 1 is an attenuation wave used in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, such a decaying wave is periodically generated from the charging power source 1 as the charging power source 1 operates, that is, generates power.

FIG. 6 shows a circuit diagram (a) of the series resonant circuit 35 in the lead-acid battery regeneration maintaining device 3 according to one embodiment of the present invention, and an impedance frequency characteristic (b) of the circuit. According to the example of FIG. 6, it can be seen that a portion of | Z | indicating the series resonance point f _s appears in the vicinity of 250 kHz. The series resonance point f _s is given by the following equation (1), where L is the inductance of the resonance coil 31 and C is the capacitance of the resonance capacitor 32.

図６に示される回路構成の直列共振回路３５を含む鉛蓄電池再生維持装置３を、図２及び図３に示されるように自動車の鉛蓄電池４に接続してエンジンを作動させる（すなわち、充電用電源１を作動させる）と、充電用電源１から発生する減衰波（図４の（１）の波）と概ね同調する周波数の電流が流れるようにインダクタンスＬとキャパシタンスＣとが設定された直列共振回路３５内部に電流が発生する。この電流を、「共振電流」という。図５の上段の波形は、充電用電源１から発生する減衰波（図５の下段の波）と共振して直列共振回路３５の内部に流れる共振電流の波形である。

The lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device 3 including the series resonance circuit 35 having the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 6 is connected to the automobile lead storage battery 4 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 to operate the engine (that is, for charging). Series resonance in which an inductance L and a capacitance C are set so that a current having a frequency substantially synchronized with a decay wave (wave of (1) in FIG. 4) generated from the power supply 1 for charging flows. A current is generated inside the circuit 35. This current is called “resonance current”. The upper waveform of FIG. 5 is a waveform of the resonance current that resonates with the decay wave (lower wave of FIG. 5) generated from the charging power supply 1 and flows inside the series resonance circuit 35.

On the other hand, FIG. 7 shows an equivalent circuit diagram (a) of the lead storage battery 4 as viewed from the charging power source 1 side and an impedance frequency characteristic (b) of the circuit. As shown in FIG. 7B, the impedance of the lead storage battery 4 shows a constant low value in the low frequency region, but increases as the frequency increases in the high frequency region. Accordingly, the equivalent circuit of the lead storage battery 4, as shown in FIG. 7 (a), is formed as a circuit having a resistance component r _b and an inductance component L _b. Here, it is considered that the circuit formed by the inductance component of the lead storage battery 4 and the series resonance circuit 35 forms a parallel resonance circuit when viewed from the charging power source 1 side. FIG. 8 shows an equivalent parallel resonance circuit diagram (a) and impedance frequency characteristics (as viewed from the charging power source 1 side) when the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device 3 and the lead storage battery 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention are connected in parallel. b). Parallel resonance circuit shown in FIG. 8 (a) is a parallel resonant circuit 36 formed by the L _b of C and L and lead-acid battery 4 of the series resonant circuit 35. The resonance frequency _{f b} of the parallel resonant circuit 36 is omitted _{r b} believe _{r b «ωL b,}

となる。

It becomes.

Here, when the relationship between the resonance frequency f _s of the series resonance circuit 35 and the resonance frequency f _b of the parallel resonance circuit 36 constituted by the inductance components of the series resonance circuit 35 and the lead storage battery 4 is seen, f _b and f _s. Are close to each other (this is achieved by setting the Q value in a range as will be described later). A low | Z | part indicating a series resonance point appears near 250 kHz, and a parallel resonance point. A portion having a high | Z | When the inductance L and the capacitance C of the series resonance circuit 35 are adjusted so that a current having a frequency approximately tuned to the frequency of the attenuation wave flows in the series resonance circuit 35, the resonance frequency f close to the resonance frequency f _s of the series resonance circuit 35. _A large resonance current flows in the parallel resonance circuit 36 having _b .

  In this way, every time a decay wave is generated from the charging power source 1, the resonance current generated in the series resonance circuit 35 of the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device 3 flows into the lead storage battery 4. The amplitude of the resonance current is larger than the amplitude of the attenuation wave generated from the charging power source 1 and is about 1.5 times to about 20 times. Further, since a decay wave is periodically generated from the charging power source 1, the next resonance current is generated before the generated resonance current is attenuated and completely disappears. That is, the resonance current always flows through the lead storage battery 4. Therefore, a physical shock is given to the electrode plate when the electrode plate of the lead storage battery 4 is vibrated by the resonance current. Disassembled. At the same time, since high-frequency vibration due to the resonance current is continuously applied to the electrode plate, the lead sulfate battery film is not generated again on the electrode plate of the lead storage battery 4 once the sulfation is decomposed. Electric capacity is maintained.

  The attenuation wave generated from the charging power source 1 varies depending on the type of the charging power source 1 (depending on the manufacturer of the charging power source 1), the temperature environment, and the rotation speed, but the frequency is about 50 kHz to about 350 kHz, and the amplitude is about 30 mV. ~ 450 mV. The attenuation wave is generated immediately after the plug of the engine is ignited in accordance with the operation of the power supply 1 for charging, and the cycle is (engine speed × engine cylinder number ÷ 60) times / second. The attenuation wave generated from the charging power supply 1 is, for example, a wave having a waveform as shown in A of FIG. 4 and the lower part of FIG. The frequency of the attenuation wave may be considered to be substantially constant as shown in the embodiment, although it slightly changes depending on the engine speed in the same charging power source.

Series resonant circuit resonance coil 31 and the resonance capacitor 32 used 35 according to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to generate a larger resonant current within the series resonant circuit 35 at the resonance frequency, the resonance frequency f _s The impedance | Z | of the series resonance circuit 35 is preferably selected to be as low as possible, and specifically, the impedance | Z | is preferably selected to be about 0.1Ω or less. Therefore, it is preferable to use a coil 31 having a small winding resistance and a capacitor 32 having a small ESR. By selecting the coil 31 having a small winding resistance and the capacitor 32 having a low ESR, a series resonance circuit 35 having a high Q value, that is, a resonance peak (for example, an impedance frequency characteristic diagram shown in FIG. 6B) can be seen. A series resonance circuit 35 having a sharp peak can be configured. The Q value is a dimensionless number representing the sharpness of the resonance peak of the resonance circuit, and is represented by the following equation (3), where R is the resistance of the resonance circuit, L is the inductance, and f _s is the resonance frequency.

本発明に係る直列共振回路３５のＱ値は、約１０より大きいことが好ましく、約４５０より小さいことが好ましい。直列共振回路３５のＱ値が約１０より大きくなるように鉛蓄電池再生維持装置３の部品を選択することによって、共振点において鋭いピークを得ることができるとともに、直列共振点ｆ_ａと並列共振点ｆ_ｂとをより近接させることが可能となる。したがって、コイル３１及びコンデンサ３２を減衰波の周波数と概ね同調する周波数の電流が流れるように選択すれば、並列共振回路内部において安定的に大きな共振電流が流れるようになる。しかしながら、Ｑ値を約４５０以上にすると、ｆ_ａとｆ_ｂとが近接し過ぎて使用できる周波数帯域が狭くなるため、減衰波の周波数の変動に伴って機能しなくなる（すなわち、減衰波の周波数が共振周波数ｆ_ａ又はｆ_ｂの範囲から外れるため、共振電流が流れなくなる）おそれがある。なお、本発明に係る鉛蓄電池再生維持装置３の直列共振回路は、複数の直列共振回路３５を並列に接続することによって形成してもよい。こうすると、鉛蓄電池再生維持装置３の共振周波数におけるインピーダンスをより低減させることができるため、さらに効果的である。

The Q value of the series resonant circuit 35 according to the present invention is preferably greater than about 10 and preferably less than about 450. By Q value of the series resonance circuit 35 selects the lead-acid battery reproducing maintainer 3 parts to be greater than about 10, it is possible to obtain a sharp peak at the resonance point, the series resonance point f _a parallel resonance point It becomes possible to make f _b closer. Therefore, if the coil 31 and the capacitor 32 are selected so that a current having a frequency substantially tuned to the frequency of the attenuation wave flows, a large resonance current stably flows in the parallel resonance circuit. However, if the Q value is about 450 or more, the frequency band that can be used becomes narrow because f _a and f _b are too close to each other, so that the function does not function as the frequency of the attenuation wave changes (that is, the frequency of the attenuation wave). Is out of the range of the resonance frequency f _a or f _b , the resonance current may not flow). The series resonance circuit of the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device 3 according to the present invention may be formed by connecting a plurality of series resonance circuits 35 in parallel. This is more effective because the impedance at the resonance frequency of the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device 3 can be further reduced.

  The resonance coil 31 used in the series resonance circuit 35 of the lead-acid battery regeneration maintaining device 3 according to the embodiment of the present invention has an inductance of about 3 μH to the type of the charging power source 1, that is, the frequency of the attenuation wave generated. The one having about 20 μH and the number of windings of about 5 to about 10 turns is used. The winding resistance of the coil 31 is preferably smaller than about 10 mΩ and more preferably smaller than about 5 mΩ so that the Q value of the series resonant circuit 35 is increased. It is preferable that the resonance coil 31 has a small change in magnetic permeability due to heat so that the influence of heat received by mounting the reproduction maintaining device is reduced. In addition, since the current flowing in the circuit constituted by the series resonance circuit 35 and the lead storage battery 4 varies greatly with time, the resonance coil 31 is not transparent by current so that the magnitude of inductance due to current does not change. It is preferable that the change in magnetic susceptibility is small. As the resonance coil 31, it is preferable to use an amorphous choke coil in which a change in physical property value due to temperature is small. In order to reduce the resistance component of the coil, the diameter of the winding is preferably larger than about 1 mm.

  The resonance capacitor 32 used in the series resonance circuit 35 of the lead-acid battery regeneration maintaining device 3 according to the embodiment of the present invention is preferably a film capacitor and more preferably a metallized film capacitor from the viewpoint of reducing ESR as described above. . The resonance capacitor 32 has a capacitance of 0.01 μF to 10 μF depending on the type of the charging power source 1, that is, the frequency of the generated attenuation wave. The ESR of the capacitor 32 is preferably smaller than about 50 mΩ, and more preferably smaller than about 15 mΩ so that the Q value of the series resonant circuit 35 is increased. Further, since a large resonance current flows in the circuit, it is preferable to use a capacitor 32 having a ripple current larger than about 1A.

In one embodiment of the present invention, regeneration and maintenance of the lead storage battery 4 with degraded performance is performed as follows. First, the frequency of the attenuation wave in the observed waveform is measured by connecting an oscilloscope to the electrode of the lead storage battery 4 of the vehicle in which the engine is operating, for example, by a method well known to those skilled in the art. As described above, this attenuation wave is a wave generated by the charging power source 1 and varies depending on the type of the charging power source 1. Next, the inductance L of the resonance coil 31 of the series resonance circuit 35 and the capacitance C of the resonance capacitor 32 are set so that the series resonance circuit 35 resonates at a frequency f _s that is approximately close to the frequency of the measured attenuation wave. In setting, first, the resonance coil 31 having the characteristics already described is selected. Here, if the resonance coil 31 having a large inductance L is selected, the Q value can be increased as can be seen from the equation (3). However, in order to increase the inductance L, it is necessary to increase the number of windings. There is. However, a coil having a large number of turns has a large resistance R, and as a result, a necessary Q value may not be obtained. Therefore, the range of the inductance L is preferably about 3 μH to about 20 μH as described above. Next, the capacitance C is determined by the equation (1) from the inductance L of the selected resonance coil 31 and the appropriate resonance frequency f _s (that is, the series resonance circuit resonates due to the generated damped wave). The resonance capacitor 32 having such C is selected.

Note that the order of selecting the resonance coil 31 and the resonance capacitor 32 may be reversed. That is, the resonance capacitor 32 having the characteristics as described above is selected, then the inductance L is determined from the capacitance C of the resonance capacitor 32 and the resonance frequency f _s, and the resonance coil 31 having such L is selected. May be selected.

  By connecting the resonance coil 31 and the resonance capacitor 32 selected in this way in series, a series resonance circuit 35 in which the inductance L and the capacitance C are appropriately adjusted can be formed. The series resonance circuit 35 is accommodated in a case 33 and is solidified by a resin or a heat insulating material 36. The lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device 3 (that is, the series resonance circuit 35) thus created is connected in parallel with the lead storage battery 4. Next, when the vehicle engine is started and the charging power source 1 is operated, the resonance current flows in the series resonance circuit 35 and the lead storage battery 4 due to the decay wave generated from the charging power source 1, and generally as described above. The regenerative and maintenance of the lead storage battery 4 can be achieved by this mechanism of action.

  The resonance current generated inside the series resonance circuit 35 constituted by the resonance coil 31 and the resonance capacitor 32 as described above and flowing inside the parallel resonance circuit constituted by the series resonance circuit and the lead storage battery is expressed as Is about 50 kHz to about 350 kHz which is substantially the same as the attenuation wave, and the amplitude is about 1.5 to about 20 times the attenuation wave. For example, the resonance current generated by the attenuation wave as shown in the lower part of FIG. 5 is a wave as shown in the upper part of FIG.

Example 1
One amorphous choke coil (manufactured by Nippon Chemi-Con Corporation, part number: LBBM0403R4X7-VoE) and one metallized polypropylene film capacitor (manufactured by Nippon Chemi-Con Corporation, part number: FTACD102V474 ELHZ0) are connected in series to form a series resonance circuit. did. A lead storage battery regeneration maintenance device in which this series resonance circuit is enclosed in a resin and enclosed in a case is installed in a passenger car (Toyota Fun Cargo, 2000, model NCP-20). 75D23L) in parallel. The passenger car engine was then started.

  Waveforms detected between the electrodes of the lead-acid battery of the passenger car when the engine is operating are shown in FIG. 9 (waveform at idling) and FIG. 10 (waveform at 3,000 engine revolutions). The attenuation wave used in the present invention was generated at a cycle of about 40 ms at idling, and was generated at a cycle of about 10 ms at 3,000 rpm. Waves obtained by enlarging one of the attenuation waves (A wave) in FIGS. 9 and 10 are shown in the lower part of FIGS. 11 and 12, respectively. The attenuation wave (lower stage in FIG. 11) generated during idling from the charging power source (alternator, product number: 27060-21030) mounted on the passenger car had a frequency of about 83 kH and a maximum amplitude of about 400 mV. In addition, the attenuation wave generated at 3,000 revolutions (the lower part of FIG. 12) also had a frequency of about 83 kHz and a maximum amplitude of about 400 mV. The resonance current flowing through the lead-acid battery regeneration maintaining device and the lead-acid battery according to the present invention in resonance with these attenuation waves is shown in the upper part of FIGS. 11 and 12 both at idling and at 3,000 engine revolutions. As shown, the frequency was about 83 kHz and the maximum amplitude was about 800 mA. In FIGS. 9 and 10, the attenuation wave is only in the upper part of the drawing (for example, in the case of the attenuation wave in FIG. 9A) or the lower part (for example, in the case of the second attenuation wave from the right in FIG. 9). For example, the magnitude of the peak of the wave in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10A appears to be smaller than the amplitude of the corresponding attenuation wave in the lower part of FIG. 11 and FIG. In FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, as a result of widening the time axis in order to slowly measure the overall lead-acid battery terminal voltage, the sampling frequency of the oscilloscope is lowered, and the attenuation wave is completely eliminated on the screen. This is probably because it cannot be reproduced. Actually, the damped wave vibrates up and down as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 4, which is apparent from the lower waveforms of FIGS. 11 and 12 corresponding to FIGS. is there.

  FIG. 13 is a result showing that the lead storage battery has been recovered by connecting the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device configured as described above to the deteriorated lead storage battery and running the passenger car. The actual travel distance in the figure represents a distance (unit: km) actually traveled from the time when the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device is connected to the lead storage battery as 0 km. The voltage is the voltage (unit V) between the terminals of the lead storage battery, and the specific gravity is the specific gravity of each electrolyte of the six cells of the lead storage battery. The specific gravity of the lead storage battery at the time of the actual travel distance of 0 km, that is, before regeneration, was 1.2 even at the highest cell and decreased to 1.12 at the lowest cell. After installing the lead-acid battery regeneration maintenance device, the specific gravity of all cells increased, and the specific gravity of the lead-acid battery when traveling about 900 km was 1.26 at the highest cell, and the cell that was 1.12 before regeneration But it was 1.17. Also, the voltage was 12.01 V, but increased to 12.50 V when traveling about 900 km.

(Example 2)
A new lead-acid battery (Furukawa Battery, 46B24R, SUPER NOVA) was mounted on a passenger car (Toyota Fun Cargo, 2000 model, model NCP-20), and the vehicle traveled 1,932 km. After running, the voltage of the lead storage battery was measured using a battery tester (MDX-P300, manufactured by MIDTRONICS), and simultaneously the specific gravity and internal impedance of the electrolyte were measured. Next, the lead storage battery regeneration and maintenance device according to the present invention formed as described in Example 1 is connected in parallel to a lead storage battery mounted on a passenger car and travels at 1,200 km, 2652.7 km, and 3,220 km. At that time, the voltage, specific gravity, and internal impedance of the lead acid battery were measured. The measurement was performed after the lead-acid battery was removed from the passenger car and kept in a resting state at room temperature of 20 to 25 ° C. for 8 to 24 hours.

  FIGS. 14-16 is a figure which shows the change of the voltage of a lead acid battery, specific gravity, and an internal impedance by traveling distance. In these figures, the time when the travel distance is 0 km indicates the time when the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device according to the present invention is connected to the lead storage battery, the travel distance before connection is shown as a negative distance, and the travel distance after connection is Shown in positive distance. The values of the voltage, specific gravity, and internal impedance before the lead storage battery is mounted on a vehicle and used, that is, when the lead storage battery is new, are indicated by points where the travel distance is -1,932 km.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a change in the voltage of the lead storage battery according to the travel distance. The horizontal axis indicates the travel distance, and the vertical axis indicates the voltage. Before the lead storage battery was mounted on a vehicle and used, the voltage of the lead storage battery was 12.84V. It can be seen that the voltage of the lead storage battery maintains the original voltage even after traveling 3,220 km with the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device according to the present invention connected to the lead storage battery.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a change in the specific gravity of the electrolyte of the lead storage battery according to the travel distance. The horizontal axis indicates the travel distance, and the vertical axis indicates the specific gravity. The cell numbers were Cell 1 to Cell 6 from the positive electrode side cell toward the negative electrode side cell. Before the lead storage battery was installed in a vehicle and used, the specific gravity of any cell showed a value of 1.27 to 1.28, and the variation in specific gravity among the cells was small. When a lead storage battery was mounted on a vehicle and the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device according to the present invention was run without being connected to the lead storage battery, the specific gravity decreased in any cell, and the variation in specific gravity among the cells increased. After that, when traveling with the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device connected to the lead storage battery, as the travel distance increased, the specific gravity of each cell increased again, and the variation in specific gravity among cells decreased.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a change in the internal impedance frequency characteristic of the lead storage battery according to the travel distance. The horizontal axis represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents internal impedance. The internal impedance of the lead storage battery showed a small value before the lead storage battery was mounted and used in a vehicle, but the lead storage battery regeneration maintaining device according to the present invention traveled 1,932 km without being connected to the lead storage battery. At the time (data indicated by □ in FIG. 16), the frequency was significantly increased in all frequency bands. After that, when the lead-acid battery regeneration maintaining device is connected to the lead-acid battery and travels 2652.7 km, the internal impedance decreases to the same level as before use, and a small value is almost maintained even when the vehicle travels 3,220 km. You can see that.

  From the above results, it can be seen that by using the apparatus and method according to the present invention, a deteriorated lead storage battery can be regenerated while being mounted on a vehicle, and a good state can be maintained.

It is a figure which shows the lead storage battery reproduction | regeneration maintenance apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, (a) The state which opened the cover of the apparatus and exposed internal resin or heat insulating material, (b) Furthermore, resin or heat insulating material is removed. In this state, the parts inside the device are visible. It is a block diagram showing the state which connected the lead storage battery reproduction | regeneration maintenance apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention to the lead storage battery mounted in the motor vehicle. It is a block diagram showing the state which connected the lead storage battery reproduction | regeneration maintenance apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention to the lead storage battery mounted in the motor vehicle. It is a schematic diagram of the waveform detected when the voltage between the positive electrode and negative electrode of a lead storage battery is measured with an oscilloscope in an automobile in which an engine is operating. It is a schematic diagram of the damped wave (lower stage) and the resonance current (upper stage) used in the present invention. It is the circuit diagram (a) of the series resonance circuit in the lead storage battery reproduction | regeneration maintenance apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and the impedance frequency characteristic figure (b) of the said circuit. It is the equivalent circuit figure (a) of the lead storage battery seen from the power supply side for charge, and the impedance frequency characteristic figure (b) of the said circuit. It is the equivalent parallel resonant circuit figure (a) and impedance frequency characteristic figure (b) seen from the power supply side for charge at the time of connecting the lead storage battery reproduction | regeneration maintenance apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and a lead storage battery in parallel. The waveform detected between the electrodes of the lead acid battery of a passenger car at the time of engine operation (during idling) is shown. The waveform detected between the electrodes of the lead acid battery of a passenger car at the time of engine operation (3,000 rotations) is shown. The decay wave (lower stage) which generate | occur | produced from the power supply for charge at the time of engine operation (at the time of idling), and the resonance current (upper stage) which flowed to the lead storage battery reproduction | regeneration maintenance apparatus and a lead storage battery are shown. The decay wave (lower stage) which generate | occur | produced from the power supply for charge at the time of engine operation (at the time of 3,000 rotation), and the resonance current (upper stage) which flowed to the lead storage battery reproduction | regeneration maintenance apparatus and a lead storage battery are shown. It is a figure which shows the change of the voltage and specific gravity of a lead storage battery when a passenger car is drive | worked in the state which connected the lead storage battery reproduction | regeneration maintenance apparatus to the lead storage battery. It is a figure which shows the change of the voltage of a lead storage battery with a travel distance. It is a figure which shows the change of the specific gravity of the electrolyte solution of a lead storage battery with a travel distance. It is a figure which shows the change of the internal impedance of a lead storage battery by a travel distance.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Charging power supply 2 Rectifier 3 Lead storage battery regeneration maintenance device 31 Resonance coil 32 Resonance capacitor 33 Case 34 Wiring 35 Series resonance circuit 36 Resin or heat insulating material 4 Lead storage battery

Claims (8)

A device for recovering the capacity of a lead storage battery and preventing a decrease in the capacity of the recovered lead storage battery,
A series resonant circuit including at least one resonant coil and at least one resonant capacitor and connected in parallel to the lead acid battery;
A current having a frequency at which the inductance of the at least one resonance coil and the capacitance of the at least one resonance capacitor are approximately synchronized with the frequency of an attenuation wave generated from a charging power source for charging the lead acid battery is the series. Adjusted to flow inside a circuit constituted by a resonant circuit and the lead acid battery,
A device characterized by that.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the resonance capacitor is a film capacitor or a metallized film capacitor.   The device according to claim 1, wherein a Q value of the series resonant circuit is 10 to 450.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the frequency of the attenuation wave is 50 kH to 350 kH. A method for recovering the capacity of a lead storage battery and preventing a decrease in capacity of the recovered lead storage battery,
Measure the frequency of the attenuation wave generated from the power supply for charging the lead acid battery,
The series resonant circuit includes a series resonant circuit connected in parallel to the lead acid battery and a current composed of a frequency that substantially tunes to the frequency of the attenuation wave in a circuit constituted by the lead acid battery. Adjusting the inductance of at least one resonance coil and the capacitance of at least one resonance capacitor;
Connecting the series resonant circuit to the lead acid battery in parallel;
Activating the charging power source;
A method characterized by that.   The method according to claim 6, wherein the resonance capacitor is a film capacitor or a metallized film capacitor.   The method according to claim 6, wherein a Q value of the series resonant circuit is 10 to 450.   The method according to claim 6, wherein the frequency of the attenuation wave is 50 kH to 350 kH.

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