JP5246401B2 - Contaminated soil treatment equipment - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は例えばダイオキシン類（ＤＸＮ）やポリ塩化ビフェニル（ＰＣＢ）などの有害物質を含む浚渫汚泥（底質など）を無害化する際に用いられる汚染土壌処理方法及びその装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a contaminated soil treatment method and apparatus for use in detoxifying dredged sludge (such as sediment) containing harmful substances such as dioxins (DXN) and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB).
従来この種の汚染土壌処理装置として、上記汚染土壌をロータリーキルン等で加熱して汚染土壌中の有害物質を蒸発気化させ、汚染土壌から蒸発気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスを直接又は間接加熱して蒸発ガス中から熱分解により有害物質を分解除去し、有害物質が分解除去された蒸発ガス中の煤塵をバグフィルタで除去する構造のものが知られている。
しかしながらこれら構造の場合、上記汚染土壌中の有害物質を除去したとしても、バグフィルタなどの除塵手段で集塵された煤塵や除去物質の中にダイオキシン類などの有害物質が含まれているおそれがあるという不都合を有している。 However, in the case of these structures, even if harmful substances in the contaminated soil are removed, there is a possibility that harmful substances such as dioxins are contained in the dust collected by the dust removing means such as the bag filter and the removed substances. It has the disadvantage of being.
本発明はこれらの不都合を解決することを目的とするもので、本発明のうちで、請求項１記載の発明は、汚染土壌を減圧雰囲気下で５００℃〜８００℃の温度で加熱して汚染土壌中の水分及び有害物質を蒸発気化させる汚染土壌加熱部、該加熱により汚染土壌から有害物質が蒸発して除去された処理土壌を排出する土壌取出部、該加熱により該汚染土壌から蒸発して気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とを気液接触させる気液接触部、該有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とを気液分離する気液分離部、該気液接触及び気液分離により有害物質が移行した水を貯める水槽部及び該気液分離された該蒸発ガスを活性炭により除塵し、消臭して排気する消臭排気部からなる汚染土壌処理部と、上記汚染土壌処理部の水槽部からの溢流水に活性炭を加えて撹拌混合する混合槽部、該混合物中の有害物質を吸着した活性炭を沈降処理する沈降槽部及び該沈降処理により沈降した該活性炭を脱水処理する脱水槽部からなる水浄化処理部と、上記水浄化処理部の脱水槽部で脱水された有害物質を含む活性炭からなる被処理物を間接加熱して該被処理物中の有害物質を蒸発気化させ、被処理物から蒸発気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接加熱して蒸発ガス中の有害物質を熱分解により除去し、有害物質が除去された処理ガスを排気する熱分解除去処理部とからなり、上記熱分解除去処理部は、上記被処理物を間接加熱して該被処理物中の水分及び有害物質を蒸発気化させる蒸発部、該間接加熱により被処理物から蒸発気化した蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で加熱して蒸発ガス中の有害物質を熱分解により除去する加熱部と、該有害物質が除去された処理ガスを排気する排気部とを備えてなり、かつ、上記熱分解除去処理部の加熱部は、上記蒸発部での該間接加熱により被処理物から蒸発気化した蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接予備加熱する予備加熱部と、該予備加熱された該蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接本加熱して蒸発ガスに含まれている有害物質を熱分解により除去する本加熱部とからなり、更に、上記水槽部内の水を冷却する冷却部を設けてなり、加えて、上記汚染土壌処理部の気液接触部は、上記水槽部内の水の噴流によるベンチュリー効果を用いた構造となっており、上記気液分離部はサイクロン構造に構成され、上記汚染土壌処理部の消臭排気部に、上記蒸発ガス中の塩素分を苛性ソーダの噴霧により中和する中和処理部を備えてなり、上記熱分解除去処理部の加熱部は１０Ｐａ〜１００Ｐａの減圧雰囲気下に作製され、上記予備加熱部の内部温度は６５０℃〜８００℃であり、上記本加熱部の内部温度は７５０℃〜８５０℃であり、上記冷却部は上記水槽部内の水を冷却することにより有毒ガスの発生や他の有害化学物質のデノボ合成を抑制するために冷却温度は５℃〜１５℃に設定されていることを特徴とする汚染土壌処理装置にある。 The present invention aims to solve these disadvantages. Among the present inventions, the invention according to claim 1 is that the contaminated soil is heated and heated at a temperature of 500 ° C. to 800 ° C. in a reduced pressure atmosphere. A contaminated soil heating section that evaporates and evaporates moisture and harmful substances in the soil, a soil extraction section that discharges treated soil from which harmful substances have evaporated and removed from the contaminated soil by the heating, evaporates from the contaminated soil by the heating A gas-liquid contact part that makes vapor-liquid contact between the evaporated gas containing the vaporized harmful substance and water, a gas-liquid separation part that gas-liquid separates the vaporized gas containing the harmful substance and water, and the gas-liquid contact and gas-liquid separation A contaminated soil treatment section comprising a water tank section for storing water to which harmful substances have been transferred, and a deodorizing exhaust section for removing the gas and liquid separated evaporative gas with activated carbon, deodorizing and exhausting, and the contaminated soil treatment section Add activated carbon to the overflow water from the tank A water purification treatment section comprising a mixing tank section for stirring and mixing, a settling tank section for precipitating activated carbon adsorbing harmful substances in the mixture, a dewatering tank section for dehydrating the activated carbon settled by the settling process, and the water Indirect heating of an object to be processed consisting of activated carbon containing harmful substances dehydrated in the dehydration tank of the purification treatment part to evaporate and evaporate the harmful substances in the object to be processed, and to include the harmful substances evaporated from the object to be processed It consists of a pyrolysis removal processing section that indirectly heats the evaporation gas in a reduced-pressure atmosphere to remove harmful substances in the evaporation gas by thermal decomposition, and exhausts the processing gas from which the harmful substances have been removed. Is an evaporation unit that indirectly heats the object to be processed to evaporate and evaporate moisture and harmful substances in the object to be processed, and evaporates the evaporated gas evaporated from the object to be processed by the indirect heating in a reduced pressure atmosphere. Hazardous substances in gas And a heating unit for exhausting the processing gas from which the harmful substances have been removed, and the heating unit of the thermal decomposition removal processing unit is the indirect unit in the evaporation unit. A preheating unit that indirectly preheats the evaporated gas evaporated from the object to be processed by heating in a reduced pressure atmosphere, and the preheated evaporated gas is indirectly heated in the reduced pressure atmosphere and is contained in the evaporated gas. becomes harmful substances from the main heating portion is removed by thermal decomposition, further, Ri Na provided a cooling unit for cooling the water in the water tank unit, in addition, gas-liquid contact portion of the contaminated soil processing unit, the water tank The gas-liquid separation part has a cyclone structure, and the chlorine content in the evaporative gas is transferred to the deodorized exhaust part of the contaminated soil treatment part with caustic soda. Neutralization neutralized by spraying A heating unit of the pyrolysis removal processing unit is prepared in a reduced pressure atmosphere of 10 Pa to 100 Pa, the internal temperature of the preheating unit is 650 ° C. to 800 ° C., and the inside of the main heating unit The temperature is 750 ° C. to 850 ° C., and the cooling part is 5 ° C. to 15 ° C. in order to suppress the generation of toxic gas and de novo synthesis of other harmful chemical substances by cooling the water in the water tank part. It exists in the contaminated soil processing apparatus characterized by being set to .
本発明は上述の如く、請求項１記載の発明にあっては、汚染土壌処理部において、汚染土壌加熱部により汚染土壌を減圧雰囲気下で５００℃〜８００℃の温度で加熱して汚染土壌中の水分及び有害物質を蒸発気化させ、該加熱により汚染土壌から有害物質が蒸発して除去された処理土壌を土壌取出部で排出することになり、この有害物質が蒸発して除去された処理土壌を多目的に再利用することになり、そして、気液接触部において、加熱により汚染土壌から蒸発して気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とを気液接触させ、次いで、気液分離部において、有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とを気液分離し、この気液接触及び気液分離により有害物質が移行した水を水槽部に貯め、この水槽部内の水を冷却部により冷却すると共に気液分離された蒸発ガスを活性炭により除塵し、消臭排気部により消臭して排気する汚染土壌処理工程が行われることになり、更に、水浄化処理部において、上記汚染土壌処理工程からの溢流水に活性炭を加えて撹拌混合し、該混合物中の有害物質を吸着した活性炭を沈降処理し、該沈降処理により沈降した該活性炭を脱水処理する水浄化処理工程が行われることになり、また、更に、熱分解除去処理部において、上記水浄化処理工程で脱水された有害物質を含む活性炭からなる被処理物を間接加熱して被処理物中の有害物質を蒸発気化させ、被処理物から蒸発気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接加熱して蒸発ガス中の有害物質を熱分解により除去し、有害物質が除去された処理ガスを排気する熱分解除去処理工程が行われることになり、したがって、汚染土壌処理部において、汚染土壌を加熱して汚染土壌中の水分及び有害物質を蒸発気化させ、該加熱により汚染土壌から有害物質を蒸発除去し、有害物質を除去された処理土壌を排出して処理土壌を多目的に再利用することができ、さらに、この加熱により汚染土壌から蒸発して気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とを気液接触させたのち、有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とを気液分離し、この気液接触及び気液分離により有害物質が移行した水を貯めると共に気液分離により有害物質が除去された蒸発ガスを消臭し、一方、水浄化処理部において、上記汚染土壌処理工程からの溢流水に活性炭を加えて撹拌混合し、該混合物中の有害物質を吸着した活性炭を沈降処理し、該沈降処理により沈降した該活性炭を脱水処理する水浄化処理工程が行われることになり、また、更に、熱分解除去処理部において、上記水浄化処理部で脱水された有害物質を含む活性炭からなる被処理物を間接加熱して被処理物中の有害物質を蒸発気化させ、被処理物から蒸発気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接加熱して蒸発ガス中の有害物質を熱分解により除去し、有害物質が除去された処理ガスを排気することができ、よって、汚染土壌中の有害物質を除去した処理土壌を得ることができ、処理土壌を多目的に再利用することができ、かつ、この水浄化処理に用いられた有害物質を含む活性炭からなる被処理物から有害物質を熱分解により除去することができ、上記汚染土壌中の有害物質及び上記水浄化処理に用いられた活性炭に含まれる有害物資をも確実に除去することができ、汚染土壌中の有害物質を確実に除去することができ、上記熱分解除去処理部は、上記被処理物を間接加熱して被処理物中の水分及び有害物質を蒸発気化させる蒸発部、該間接加熱により被処理物から蒸発気化した蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で加熱して蒸発ガス中の有害物質を熱分解により除去する加熱部と、該有害物質が除去された処理ガスを排気する排気部とを備えてなるから、被処理物中に存在する有害物質を熱分解により確実に除去することができ、かつ、上記熱分解除去処理部の加熱部は、上記蒸発部での該間接加熱により被処理物から蒸発気化した蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接予備加熱する予備加熱部と、該予備加熱された該蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接本加熱して蒸発ガスに含まれている有害物質を熱分解により除去する本加熱部とからなるので、被処理物を確実に間接加熱することができ、更に、上記水槽部内の水を冷却する冷却部を設けてなるから、有毒ガスの発生や他の有害化学物質のデノボ合成を抑制することができ、汚染土壌中の有害物質を良好に除去処理することができ、加えて、上記汚染土壌処理部の気液接触部は、上記水槽部内の水の噴流によるベンチュリー効果を用いた構造となっているから、水に有害物質を確実に移行することができ、上記汚染土壌処理部の消臭排気部に、上記蒸発ガス中の塩素分を苛性ソーダの噴霧により中和する中和処理部を備えているから、ダイオキシン類の分解により発生する塩素ガスを中和することができ、上記熱分解除去処理部の加熱部は１０Ｐａ〜１００Ｐａの減圧雰囲気下に作製されているから、被処理物中の蒸発ガスの熱分解を良好に行うことができ、上記予備加熱部の内部温度は６５０℃〜８００℃であるから、被処理物を確実に間接予備加熱することができ、上記本加熱部の内部温度は７５０℃〜８５０℃であるから、被処理物を確実に間接加熱することができ、上記冷却部の冷却温度は５℃〜１５℃に設定されているから、上記水槽部内の水を冷却することにより有毒ガスの発生や他の有害化学物質のデノボ合成を抑制することができる。 The invention as described above, in the invention of claim 1 Symbol placement, the contaminated soil section, contaminate the contaminated soil by contaminated soil heating unit is heated at a temperature of 500 ° C. to 800 ° C. in a reduced pressure atmosphere soil Moisture and harmful substances in the water are evaporated and the treated soil from which the harmful substances are evaporated and removed from the contaminated soil by the heating is discharged at the soil extraction section. The soil will be reused for multiple purposes, and in the gas-liquid contact part, the vaporized gas containing harmful substances evaporated from the contaminated soil by heating is brought into gas-liquid contact, and then the gas-liquid separation part The vaporized gas and water containing harmful substances are separated into gas and liquid, the water to which harmful substances have been transferred by gas-liquid contact and gas-liquid separation is stored in the water tank part, and the water in the water tank part is cooled by the cooling part. Gas-liquid separated The outgoing gas dust removal by activated carbon, will be contaminated soil evacuating deodorized by the deodorizing exhaust portion is performed further, the water purification unit, the activated carbon overflow water from the contaminated soil treatment step In addition, stirring and mixing are performed, and a water purification treatment step is performed in which activated carbon that has adsorbed harmful substances in the mixture is settled, and the activated carbon that has been precipitated by the sedimentation treatment is dehydrated. In the removal treatment section, the object to be treated made of activated carbon containing the harmful substance dehydrated in the water purification treatment step is indirectly heated to evaporate and evaporate the harmful substance in the object to be treated. A pyrolysis removal treatment process is performed in which the evaporation gas containing is indirectly heated in a reduced-pressure atmosphere to remove harmful substances in the evaporation gas by thermal decomposition, and the processing gas from which harmful substances have been removed is exhausted. Therefore, in the contaminated soil processing section, the contaminated soil is heated to evaporate and evaporate moisture and harmful substances in the contaminated soil, the harmful substances are evaporated and removed from the contaminated soil by the heating, and the treated soil from which the harmful substances have been removed is discharged. In addition, the treated soil can be reused for multiple purposes, and after evaporating gas containing the harmful substances evaporated from the contaminated soil by this heating and water, the evaporated gas containing the harmful substances is brought into gas-liquid contact. And water are separated into gas and liquid, and water that has transferred harmful substances by this gas-liquid contact and gas-liquid separation is stored, and evaporative gas from which harmful substances have been removed by gas-liquid separation is deodorized, while water purification treatment unit In addition, activated carbon is added to the overflow water from the contaminated soil treatment step, and the mixture is stirred and mixed. The activated carbon adsorbing the harmful substances in the mixture is settled, and the activated carbon settled by the sedimentation is dehydrated. In addition, a purification treatment step is performed, and further, in the pyrolysis removal treatment unit, the treatment object made of activated carbon containing harmful substances dehydrated in the water purification treatment unit is indirectly heated to be contained in the treatment object. Process gas from which harmful substances have been removed by evaporating and evaporating harmful substances, and evaporating the vapor containing the hazardous substances evaporated from the object to be processed by indirect heating under reduced pressure to remove the harmful substances in the evaporated gas by thermal decomposition. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a treated soil from which harmful substances in the contaminated soil are removed, the treated soil can be reused for various purposes, and the harmful substances used in this water purification treatment It is possible to remove harmful substances from the object to be treated made of activated carbon containing pyrolysis by pyrolysis, and to reliably remove harmful substances in the contaminated soil and harmful substances contained in the activated carbon used in the water purification treatment. It is possible to reliably remove harmful substances in the contaminated soil, and the thermal decomposition and removal processing unit indirectly evaporates and vaporizes moisture and harmful substances in the processed object by indirectly heating the processed object. A heating unit that heats the evaporated gas evaporated from the object to be processed by the indirect heating in a reduced pressure atmosphere to remove harmful substances in the evaporated gas by thermal decomposition, and exhausts the processing gas from which the harmful substances have been removed. An exhaust part that performs the thermal decomposition of the harmful substances present in the object to be processed, and the heating part of the thermal decomposition removal treatment part is a part of the evaporation part. A preheating unit that indirectly preheats the evaporative gas evaporated from the workpiece by indirect heating in a reduced pressure atmosphere, and the preheated evaporative gas that is indirectly heated in a reduced pressure atmosphere is included in the evaporative gas. Pyrolysis of harmful substances Since the main heating unit is removed, the object to be processed can be surely indirectly heated, and further, a cooling unit for cooling the water in the water tank unit is provided, so that generation of toxic gas and other harmful chemistry The de novo synthesis of substances can be suppressed, the harmful substances in the contaminated soil can be satisfactorily removed , and in addition, the gas-liquid contact part of the contaminated soil treatment part is due to the jet of water in the water tank part Since it has a structure using the Venturi effect, it can reliably transfer harmful substances to water, and the chlorine content in the evaporative gas can be sprayed into the deodorized exhaust part of the contaminated soil treatment part by spraying caustic soda. Since it has a neutralizing treatment section to be summed, chlorine gas generated by the decomposition of dioxins can be neutralized, and the heating section of the thermal decomposition removal processing section is made in a reduced pressure atmosphere of 10 Pa to 100 Pa. Since there, The evaporative gas in the workpiece can be thermally decomposed satisfactorily, and since the internal temperature of the preheating unit is 650 ° C to 800 ° C, the workpiece can be surely indirectly preheated. Since the internal temperature of the main heating unit is 750 ° C. to 850 ° C., the object to be processed can be surely indirectly heated, and the cooling temperature of the cooling unit is set to 5 ° C. to 15 ° C. By cooling the water in the section, generation of toxic gas and de novo synthesis of other harmful chemical substances can be suppressed.
図１、図２、図３は本発明の実施の形態例を示し、大別して、汚染土壌を加熱して汚染土壌中の水分及び有害物質を蒸発気化させ、該加熱により汚染土壌から有害物質が蒸発して除去された処理土壌を排出し、該加熱により該汚染土壌から蒸発して気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とを気液接触させ、その該有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とを気液分離し、該気液接触及び気液分離により有害物質が移行した水を貯めると共に該気液分離された該蒸発ガスを消臭して排気する汚染土壌処理工程ａと、上記汚染土壌処理工程ａからの溢流水に活性炭Ｋを加えて撹拌混合し、該混合物中の有害物質を吸着した活性炭Ｋを沈降処理し、該沈降処理により沈降した該活性炭Ｋを脱水処理する水浄化処理工程ｂと、上記水浄化処理工程ｂで脱水された有害物質を含む活性炭Ｋからなる被処理物を間接加熱して該被処理物中の有害物質を蒸発気化させ、被処理物から蒸発気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接加熱して蒸発ガス中の有害物質を熱分解により除去し、有害物質が除去された処理ガスを排気する熱分解除去処理工程ｃとからなる。 FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show embodiments of the present invention. Broadly speaking, the contaminated soil is heated to evaporate moisture and harmful substances in the contaminated soil, and the heating causes harmful substances from the contaminated soil to evaporate. The treated soil removed by evaporation is discharged, the evaporated gas containing the harmful substance evaporated from the contaminated soil by the heating and water are brought into gas-liquid contact, and the evaporated gas containing the harmful substance and water are brought into contact with each other. A contaminated soil treatment step a for storing the water to which harmful substances have been transferred by gas-liquid contact and gas-liquid separation and deodorizing and exhausting the evaporated gas separated by the gas-liquid separation, and the contaminated soil Water purification treatment step of adding activated carbon K to the overflow water from the treatment step a, stirring and mixing, precipitating the activated carbon K adsorbing harmful substances in the mixture, and dehydrating the activated carbon K precipitated by the sedimentation treatment b and dehydrated in the water purification treatment step b A to-be-treated object made of activated carbon K containing a harmful substance is indirectly heated to evaporate the harmful substance in the to-be-treated substance, and the evaporated gas containing the harmful substance evaporated from the to-be-treated substance is indirectly heated in a reduced pressure atmosphere. And a pyrolysis removal treatment step c for removing harmful substances in the evaporated gas by thermal decomposition and exhausting the processing gas from which the harmful substances have been removed.
又、その装置として、大別して、汚染土壌を加熱して汚染土壌中の水分及び有害物質を蒸発気化させる汚染土壌加熱部１、該加熱により汚染土壌から有害物質が蒸発して除去された処理土壌を排出する土壌取出部２、該加熱により該汚染土壌から蒸発して気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とを気液接触させる気液接触部３、該有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とを気液分離する気液分離部４、該気液接触及び気液分離により有害物質が移行した水を貯める水槽部５、該水槽部５内の水を冷却する冷却部６及び該気液分離された該蒸発ガスを活性炭Ｋにより除塵し、その蒸発ガスを消臭して排気する消臭排気部７からなる汚染土壌処理部Ａと、上記汚染土壌処理部Ａの水槽部５からの溢流水に活性炭Ｋを加えて撹拌混合する混合槽部８、該混合物中の有害物質を吸着した活性炭を沈降処理する沈降槽部９及び該沈降処理により沈降した該活性炭を脱水処理する脱水槽部１０とからなる水浄化処理部Ｂと、上記水浄化処理部Ｂの脱水槽部１０で脱水された有害物質を含む活性炭Ｋからなる被処理物Ｗを間接加熱して該被処理物中の有害物質を蒸発気化させ、被処理物から蒸発気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接加熱して蒸発ガス中の有害物質を熱分解により除去し、有害物質が除去された処理ガスを排気する熱分解除去処理部Ｃとからなる。 In addition, the apparatus is roughly classified into a contaminated soil heating unit 1 for evaporating and evaporating moisture and harmful substances in the contaminated soil by heating the contaminated soil, and treated soil from which harmful substances have been evaporated and removed by the heating. The soil extraction part 2 that discharges the gas, the gas-liquid contact part 3 that makes the gas and liquid contact the evaporative gas containing water evaporated and evaporated from the contaminated soil by the heating, and the water, the evaporative gas containing water and the water The gas-liquid separation unit 4 for separating the gas and liquid, the water tank unit 5 for storing the water to which harmful substances are transferred by the gas-liquid contact and gas-liquid separation, the cooling unit 6 for cooling the water in the water tank unit 5 and the gas-liquid separation The contaminated soil treatment part A comprising the deodorizing exhaust part 7 for removing the evaporated gas by activated carbon K and deodorizing and exhausting the evaporated gas, and the overflow water from the water tank part 5 of the contaminated soil treatment part A Mixing tank part 8 which adds activated carbon K to the mixture and stirs and mixes, the mixing A water purification treatment section B comprising a settling tank section 9 for precipitating activated carbon adsorbing harmful substances therein, and a dewatering tank section 10 for dehydrating the activated carbon settled by the settling treatment, and the water purification treatment section B The to-be-processed object W consisting of activated carbon K containing harmful substances dehydrated in the dewatering tank 10 is indirectly heated to evaporate and evaporate the harmful substances in the to-be-processed object, and evaporate containing the harmful substances evaporated and evaporated from the to-be-processed object. It comprises a pyrolysis removal processing section C that indirectly heats the gas in a reduced pressure atmosphere to remove harmful substances in the evaporated gas by thermal decomposition and exhausts the processing gas from which the harmful substances have been removed.
この場合、上記汚染土壌処理部Ａにおいて、汚染土壌加熱部１で約３ＫＰａ以上の減圧雰囲気下で約５００℃〜８００℃の温度で加熱保持して汚染土壌中の水分及び有害物質を蒸発気化させるように構成され、土壌取出部２で該加熱により汚染土壌から有害物質が蒸発して除去された処理土壌を排出するように構成されている。 In this case, in the contaminated soil treatment unit A, the contaminated soil heating unit 1 is heated and held at a temperature of about 500 ° C. to 800 ° C. in a reduced pressure atmosphere of about 3 KPa or more to evaporate and evaporate moisture and harmful substances in the contaminated soil. The soil extraction unit 2 is configured to discharge the treated soil from which the harmful substances are evaporated and removed from the contaminated soil by the heating.
又、上記気液接触部３は、図２の如く、水の噴流によるベンチュリー効果を用いた構造となっており、即ち、高圧の水を噴射することにより蒸発ガスを吸い込み、該汚染土壌から蒸発して気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とを気液接触させるように構成され、又、気液分離部４は、図２の如く、サイクロン構造に構成され、有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とをサイクロン作用により気液分離するように構成されている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the gas-liquid contact portion 3 has a structure using a venturi effect caused by a jet of water. That is, the gas-liquid contact portion 3 sucks evaporation gas by injecting high-pressure water and evaporates from the contaminated soil. The vaporized gas containing harmful substances vaporized and water are brought into gas-liquid contact, and the gas-liquid separator 4 has a cyclone structure as shown in FIG. Water and gas are separated from each other by a cyclone action.
又、上記水槽部５は、図３の如く、上記気液接触及び気液分離により有害物質が移行した水を貯めるように構成され、この水槽部５内の水は気液接触部３の噴出水として利用され、かつ、該水槽部５内の水は冷却部６により冷却される構造となっており、そして、気液分離された蒸発ガスを粉状の活性炭Ｋにより除塵し、その蒸発ガスを消臭排気部７により消臭して排気するように構成している。 Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the water tank 5 is configured to store water in which harmful substances have been transferred by the gas-liquid contact and gas-liquid separation, and the water in the water tank 5 is ejected from the gas-liquid contact 3. The water is used as water, and the water in the water tank unit 5 is cooled by the cooling unit 6, and the vapor-liquid separated evaporated gas is removed by powdered activated carbon K, and the evaporated gas Is deodorized by the deodorizing exhaust section 7 and exhausted.
この場合、上記汚染土壌処理部Ａの消臭排気部７に、上記蒸発ガス中の塩素分を苛性ソーダの噴霧により中和する中和処理部７ａを備えている。 In this case, the deodorizing exhaust section 7 of the contaminated soil processing section A is provided with a neutralization processing section 7a for neutralizing the chlorine content in the evaporated gas by spraying caustic soda.
この場合、上記水浄化処理部Ｂにおいて、上記汚染土壌処理部Ａの水槽部５からの溢流水を混合槽部８に入れ、この混合槽部８内の水に粒状の活性炭Ｋを加えて撹拌混合し、この混合物中の有害物質を吸着した活性炭を沈降槽部９で沈降処理し、この沈降処理により沈降した沈殿物Ｔたる該活性炭Ｋを脱水槽部１０で脱水処理するように構成されている。尚、混合槽部８及び又は沈降槽部９内に高分子凝集剤及びアルカリ物質を加えることにより固形化並びに水の中和を促進することになる。このアルカリ物質としては、例えば、苛性ソーダや消石灰などである。 In this case, in the water purification treatment part B, the overflow water from the water tank part 5 of the contaminated soil treatment part A is put into the mixing tank part 8, and the granular activated carbon K is added to the water in the mixing tank part 8 and stirred. The activated carbon that has been mixed and adsorbed the harmful substances in the mixture is settled in the sedimentation tank unit 9, and the activated carbon K that is the sediment T settled by the sedimentation process is dehydrated in the dehydration tank unit 10. Yes. In addition, solidification and neutralization of water are accelerated | stimulated by adding a polymer flocculant and an alkaline substance in the mixing tank part 8 and / or the sedimentation tank part 9. FIG. Examples of the alkaline substance include caustic soda and slaked lime.
又、上記熱分解除去処理部Ｃにおいて、上記水浄化処理部Ｂの脱水槽部１０で脱水された有害物質を含む活性炭Ｋからなる被処理物Ｗを間接加熱して該被処理物Ｗ中の有害物質を蒸発気化させ、被処理物Ｗから蒸発気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接加熱して蒸発ガス中の有害物質を熱分解により除去し、有害物質が除去された処理ガスを排気するように構成され、この場合、上記被処理物Ｗを間接加熱して該被処理物中の水分及び有害物質を蒸発気化させる蒸発部１１、該間接加熱により被処理物Ｗから蒸発気化した蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接加熱して蒸発ガス中の有害物質を熱分解により除去する加熱部１２と、該有害物質が除去された処理ガスを中和処理部１３ａにより中和処理して排気する排気部１３を備えてなり、かつ、この場合、上記熱分解除去処理部Ｃの加熱部１２は、上記蒸発部１１での該間接加熱により被処理物から蒸発気化した蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接予備加熱する予備加熱部１２ａ、該予備加熱された該蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接本加熱して蒸発ガスに含まれている有害物質を熱分解により除去する本加熱部１２ｂとからなり、例えば、蒸発部１１において、被処理物Ｗを常温〜約２３０℃程度の昇温雰囲気下において１時間程度間接加熱保持し、その後、約５００℃程度まで昇温して２時間程度保持し、そして、予備加熱部１２ａにおいて、約８０Ｐａ〜約９０Ｐａの減圧雰囲気下で、赤外線ヒータ等により約７５０℃の温度で間接予備加熱し、本加熱部１２ｂにおいて、約８０Ｐａ〜約９０Ｐａの減圧雰囲気下で、赤外線ヒータ等により約８００℃の温度で間接本加熱し、間接加熱により被処理物Ｗ中の有害物質を蒸発気化させ、被処理物Ｗから蒸発気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接加熱して蒸発ガス中の有害物質を熱分解により除去するように構成している。 Further, in the thermal decomposition and removal processing unit C, the processing object W made of activated carbon K containing harmful substances dehydrated in the dewatering tank unit 10 of the water purification processing unit B is indirectly heated to be contained in the processing object W. A process in which hazardous substances are evaporated and evaporated, and the evaporation gas containing the hazardous substances evaporated from the workpiece W is indirectly heated in a reduced-pressure atmosphere to remove the harmful substances in the evaporated gas by thermal decomposition, thereby removing the harmful substances. The gas is exhausted. In this case, the workpiece W is indirectly heated to evaporate and evaporate moisture and harmful substances in the workpiece, and the indirect heating evaporates from the workpiece W. A heating unit 12 that indirectly heats the evaporated vapor in a reduced pressure atmosphere to remove harmful substances in the vapor by pyrolysis, and a neutralization treatment unit 13a neutralizes the processing gas from which the harmful substances have been removed. Exhaust section 13 for exhausting In this case, the heating unit 12 of the pyrolysis / removal processing unit C performs preliminary heating in which the evaporation gas evaporated from the object to be processed by the indirect heating in the evaporation unit 11 is indirectly preheated in a reduced pressure atmosphere. Part 12a and main heating part 12b for removing the harmful substances contained in the evaporation gas by indirect main heating of the preheated evaporation gas in a reduced-pressure atmosphere, for example, in the evaporation part 11 The workpiece W is indirectly heated and held for about 1 hour in a temperature rising atmosphere of about room temperature to about 230 ° C., then heated to about 500 ° C. and held for about 2 hours, and in the preheating unit 12a Indirect preheating at a temperature of about 750 ° C. with an infrared heater or the like in a reduced pressure atmosphere of about 80 Pa to about 90 Pa, and red in a reduced pressure atmosphere of about 80 Pa to about 90 Pa in the main heating unit 12b. Indirect main heating with a wire heater or the like at a temperature of about 800 ° C., the harmful substances in the workpiece W are evaporated by indirect heating, and the evaporated gas containing the harmful substances evaporated from the workpiece W is removed in a reduced-pressure atmosphere. Indirect heating is used to remove harmful substances in the evaporated gas by thermal decomposition.
このように、上記熱分解除去処理部の加熱部１２を１０Ｐａ〜１００Ｐａの減圧雰囲気下に作製しているのは、１０Ｐａ以下になると真空ポンプや設備費が高くなること等からであり、コストを考慮したものであり、又、１００Ｐａ以下にしたのは、１００Ｐａ以上になると分解温度が高くなって所定の温度での分解ができなくなるからであり、又、上記予備加熱部１２ａの内部温度を６５０℃〜８００℃にしているのは、６５０℃以下であると、蒸発ガスの接触による熱分解の予備加熱が良好に行われないことがあり、又、８００℃以下にしたのは、減圧雰囲気下で熱分解をさせるための予備加熱温度として８００℃以下で充分だからであり、又、上記本加熱部１２ｂの内部温度は７５０℃〜８５０℃しているのは、７５０℃以下であると、蒸発ガスの接触による熱分解が良好に行われないことがあり、又、８５０℃以下にしたのは、減圧雰囲気下では８５０℃以下で充分に分解するからである。 Thus, the reason why the heating unit 12 of the thermal decomposition removal processing unit is manufactured in a reduced pressure atmosphere of 10 Pa to 100 Pa is that the vacuum pump and equipment costs increase when the pressure is 10 Pa or less, and the cost is reduced. The reason why the pressure is set to 100 Pa or less is that the decomposition temperature becomes high and the decomposition at a predetermined temperature cannot be performed at 100 Pa or more, and the internal temperature of the preheating unit 12a is set to 650. If it is 650 ° C. or lower, the preheating of the thermal decomposition by contact with the evaporating gas may not be performed satisfactorily. This is because a preheating temperature of 800 ° C. or less is sufficient as the preheating temperature for thermal decomposition at 750 ° C., and the internal temperature of the main heating part 12b is 750 ° C. to 850 ° C. is 750 ° C. or less. There may be a thermal decomposition due to contact with the evaporation gas is not satisfactorily performed, and, what was 850 ° C. or less, in the reduced pressure atmosphere is because sufficiently decomposed at 850 ° C. or less.
又、上記冷却部６は、上記水槽部５内の水を冷却することにより有毒ガスの発生や他の有害化学物質のデノボ合成を抑制するためであり、この冷却温度は５℃〜１５℃に設定されている。 The cooling unit 6 is for suppressing the generation of toxic gas and de novo synthesis of other harmful chemical substances by cooling the water in the water tank unit 5, and the cooling temperature is 5 ° C. to 15 ° C. Is set.
この実施の形態例は上記構成であるから、汚染土壌処理部Ａにおいて、汚染土壌加熱部１により汚染土壌を加熱して汚染土壌中の水分及び有害物質を蒸発気化させ、該加熱により汚染土壌から有害物質が蒸発して除去された処理土壌を土壌取出部２で排出することになり、この有害物質が蒸発して除去された処理土壌を多目的に再利用することになり、そして、上記気液接触部３において、加熱により汚染土壌から蒸発して気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とを気液接触させ、次いで、上記気液分離部４において、有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とを気液分離し、この気液接触及び気液分離により有害物質が移行した水を水槽部５に貯め、この水槽部５内の水を冷却部６により冷却すると共に気液分離された蒸発ガスを消臭排気部７により消臭して排気する汚染土壌処理工程ａが行われることになり、更に、水浄化処理部Ｂにおいて、上記汚染土壌処理部Ａの水槽部５からの溢流水を混合槽部８に入れ、この混合槽部８内の水に活性炭Ｋを加えて撹拌混合し、この混合物中の有害物質を吸着した活性炭を沈降槽部９で沈降処理し、該沈降処理により沈降した沈殿物Ｔたる該活性炭Ｋを脱水槽部１０で脱水処理する水浄化処理工程ｂが行われることになり、また、更に、熱分解除去処理部Ｃにおいて、上記水浄化処理部Ｂの脱水槽部１０で脱水された有害物質を含む活性炭Ｋからなる被処理物Ｗを間接加熱して被処理物Ｗ中の有害物質を蒸発気化させ、被処理物Ｗから蒸発気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接加熱して蒸発ガス中の有害物質を熱分解により除去し、有害物質が除去された処理ガスを排気する熱分解除去処理工程ｃが行われることになる。 Since this embodiment is configured as described above, in the contaminated soil processing unit A, the contaminated soil heating unit 1 heats the contaminated soil to evaporate and evaporate moisture and harmful substances in the contaminated soil. The treated soil from which harmful substances have been evaporated and removed will be discharged at the soil extraction unit 2, and the treated soil from which harmful substances have been removed by evaporation will be reused for various purposes. In the contact part 3, the vaporized gas containing harmful substances evaporated from the contaminated soil by heating and water are brought into gas-liquid contact, and then in the gas-liquid separation part 4, the vaporized gas containing harmful substances and water are brought into contact with each other. Gas-liquid separation is performed, and water in which harmful substances are transferred by gas-liquid contact and gas-liquid separation is stored in the water tank unit 5, and the water in the water tank unit 5 is cooled by the cooling unit 6 and gas-liquid separated evaporative gas is removed. By deodorant exhaust 7 The contaminated soil processing step a for odor and exhaustion is performed, and in the water purification processing section B, the overflow water from the water tank section 5 of the contaminated soil processing section A is put into the mixing tank section 8 and this mixing is performed. Activated carbon K is added to the water in the tank 8 and stirred and mixed. The activated carbon adsorbing harmful substances in the mixture is settled in the settling tank 9, and the activated carbon K as the precipitate T settled by the settling is added. A water purification treatment step b in which dehydration processing is performed in the dehydration tank unit 10 is performed, and further, in the thermal decomposition removal processing unit C, harmful substances dehydrated in the dehydration tank unit 10 of the water purification processing unit B are removed. The to-be-processed object W which consists of the activated carbon K containing is heated indirectly, and the harmful substance in the to-be-processed object W is evaporated and vaporized, and the evaporation gas containing the harmful substance evaporated from the to-be-processed object W is indirectly heated under reduced pressure atmosphere. Removes harmful substances in the evaporating gas by thermal decomposition. It will be removed by pyrolysis treatment step c exhausting the harmful substances have been removed processed gas.
したがって、汚染土壌処理部Ａにおいて、汚染土壌を加熱して汚染土壌中の水分及び有害物質を蒸発気化させ、該加熱により汚染土壌から有害物質を蒸発除去し、有害物質を除去された処理土壌を排出して処理土壌を多目的に再利用することができ、さらに、この加熱により汚染土壌から蒸発して気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とを気液接触させたのち、有害物質を含む蒸発ガスと水とを気液分離し、この気液接触及び気液分離により有害物質が移行した水を貯めると共に気液分離により有害物質が除去された蒸発ガスを消臭し、一方、水浄化処理部Ｂにおいて、気液接触及び気液分離により有害物質が移行した溢流水に含まれる有害物質を活性炭Ｋにより除去し、熱分解除去処理部Ｃにおいて、上記活性炭Ｋ及び上記水浄化処理部の脱水槽部で脱水された有害物質を含む活性炭からなる被処理物Ｗを間接加熱して被処理物Ｗ中の有害物質を蒸発気化させ、被処理物Ｗから蒸発気化した有害物質を含む蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接加熱して蒸発ガス中の有害物質を熱分解により除去し、有害物質が除去された処理ガスを排気することができ、よって、汚染土壌中の有害物質を除去した処理土壌を得ることができ、処理土壌を多目的に再利用することができ、かつ、この水浄化処理に用いられた上記有害物質が吸着された活性炭たる被処理物Ｗに含まれる有害物質を熱分解により除去することができ、上記汚染土壌中の有害物質及び上記水浄化処理に用いられた活性炭に吸着された有害物資をも確実に除去することができ、汚染土壌中の有害物質を確実に除去することができる。 Therefore, in the contaminated soil processing section A, the contaminated soil is heated to evaporate and evaporate moisture and harmful substances in the contaminated soil, and the heated soil is evaporated and removed from the contaminated soil. The treated soil can be discharged and reused for multiple purposes. In addition, after evaporating gas containing the hazardous substances evaporated from the contaminated soil by this heating and water, the water is brought into gas-liquid contact and then evaporated. Gas and water are separated into gas and water, and water from which harmful substances have been transferred by gas-liquid contact and gas-liquid separation is stored, and evaporated gas from which harmful substances have been removed by gas-liquid separation is deodorized, while water purification treatment In part B, harmful substances contained in the overflow water to which harmful substances have been transferred by gas-liquid contact and gas-liquid separation are removed by activated carbon K. In pyrolysis removal treatment part C, the activated carbon K and the water purification treatment part The to-be-processed object W made of activated carbon containing harmful substances dehydrated in the water tank is indirectly heated to evaporate and evaporate harmful substances in the to-be-processed object W, and evaporate gas containing the harmful substances evaporated from the to-be-processed substance W Indirect heating in a reduced pressure atmosphere removes harmful substances in the evaporative gas by thermal decomposition, and exhausts the treated gas from which harmful substances have been removed. It can be obtained, the treated soil can be reused for multiple purposes, and the harmful substances contained in the treated material W, which is activated carbon adsorbed with the harmful substances used in this water purification treatment, are removed by thermal decomposition. It is possible to remove harmful substances in the contaminated soil and harmful substances adsorbed on the activated carbon used in the water purification treatment, and to remove harmful substances in the contaminated soil without fail. Can .
この際、上記熱分解除去処理部Ｃは、上記被処理物Ｗを間接加熱して被処理物Ｗ中の水分及び有害物質を蒸発気化させる蒸発部１１、該間接加熱により被処理物Ｗから蒸発気化した蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で加熱して蒸発ガス中の有害物質を熱分解により除去する加熱部１２と、該有害物質が除去された処理ガスを排気する排気部１３とを備えてなるから、被処理物Ｗ中に存在する有害物質を熱分解により確実に除去することができ、又、この場合、上記汚染土壌処理部Ａの気液接触部３は、上記水槽部内の水の噴流によるベンチュリー効果を用いた構造となっているから、水に有害物質を確実に移行することができ、又、この場合、上記汚染土壌処理部Ａの消臭排気部７に、上記蒸発ガス中の塩素分を苛性ソーダの噴霧により中和する中和処理部７ａを備えているから、ダイオキシン類の分解により発生する塩素ガスを中和することができ、又、この場合、上記熱分解除去処理部Ｃの加熱部１２は１０Ｐａ〜１００Ｐａの減圧雰囲気下に作製されているから、被処理物Ｗ中の蒸発ガスの熱分解を良好に行うことができ、又、この場合、上記熱分解除去処理部Ｃの加熱部１２は、上記蒸発部１１での該間接加熱により被処理物Ｗから蒸発気化した蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接予備加熱する予備加熱部１２ａと、該予備加熱された該蒸発ガスを減圧雰囲気下で間接本加熱して蒸発ガスに含まれている有害物質を熱分解により除去する本加熱部１２ｂとからなるので、被処理物Ｗを確実に間接加熱することができ、又、この場合、上記予備加熱部１２ａの内部温度は６５０℃〜８００℃であるから、被処理物Ｗを確実に間接予備加熱することができ、又、この場合、上記本加熱部１２ｂの内部温度は７５０℃〜８５０℃であるから、被処理物Ｗを確実に間接加熱することができ、又、この場合、上記水槽部５内の水を冷却する冷却部６を設けてなるから、有毒ガスの発生や他の有害化学物質のデノボ合成を抑制することができ、汚染土壌中の有害物質を良好に除去処理することができる。 At this time, the thermal decomposition removal processing unit C evaporates from the workpiece W by indirect heating of the workpiece W by indirectly heating the workpiece W and evaporating and evaporating moisture and harmful substances in the workpiece W. The apparatus includes a heating unit 12 that heats the vaporized vapor in a reduced pressure atmosphere to remove harmful substances in the vapor by thermal decomposition, and an exhaust unit 13 that exhausts the processing gas from which the harmful substances have been removed. The harmful substances present in the workpiece W can be reliably removed by thermal decomposition. In this case, the gas-liquid contact part 3 of the contaminated soil treatment part A is caused by a jet of water in the water tank part. Since it has a structure using the Venturi effect, harmful substances can be reliably transferred to water. In this case, chlorine in the evaporative gas can be added to the deodorized exhaust part 7 of the contaminated soil treatment part A. Neutralization by neutralizing water by spraying caustic soda Since the treatment unit 7a is provided, chlorine gas generated by decomposition of dioxins can be neutralized, and in this case, the heating unit 12 of the thermal decomposition removal processing unit C is in a reduced pressure atmosphere of 10 Pa to 100 Pa. Therefore, the thermal decomposition of the evaporation gas in the workpiece W can be performed satisfactorily. In this case, the heating unit 12 of the thermal decomposition removal processing unit C is A preheating unit 12a that indirectly preheats the evaporated gas evaporated from the workpiece W by the indirect heating in a reduced pressure atmosphere, and indirectly preheats the evaporated gas that has been preheated in the reduced pressure atmosphere to an evaporated gas. Since the main heating unit 12b for removing contained harmful substances by pyrolysis is provided, the workpiece W can be surely indirectly heated. In this case, the internal temperature of the preheating unit 12a is 650. ℃ ～ 800 Therefore, the workpiece W can be surely indirectly preheated, and in this case, the internal temperature of the main heating part 12b is 750 ° C. to 850 ° C. In this case, since the cooling unit 6 for cooling the water in the water tank unit 5 is provided, generation of toxic gas and de novo synthesis of other harmful chemical substances can be suppressed, It is possible to satisfactorily remove harmful substances in contaminated soil.
尚、本発明は上記実施の形態例に限られるものではなく、汚染土壌加熱部１、土壌取出部２、気液接触部３、気液分離部４、水槽部５、冷却部６、消臭排気部７、混合槽部８、沈降槽部９、脱水槽部１０、蒸発部１１、加熱部１２、予備加熱部１２ａ、本加熱部１２ｂ、排気部１３、その他の構造は適宜変更して設計されるものである。 In addition, this invention is not restricted to the said embodiment, The contaminated soil heating part 1, the soil extraction part 2, the gas-liquid contact part 3, the gas-liquid separation part 4, the water tank part 5, the cooling part 6, deodorizing The exhaust unit 7, the mixing unit 8, the sedimentation unit 9, the dehydration unit 10, the evaporation unit 11, the heating unit 12, the preheating unit 12a, the main heating unit 12b, the exhaust unit 13, and other structures are appropriately changed and designed. It is what is done.
以上、所期の目的を充分達成することができる。 As described above, the intended purpose can be sufficiently achieved.
Ｋ 活性炭
Ａ 汚染土壌処理部
Ｂ 水浄化処理部
Ｃ 熱分解除去処理部
Ｔ 沈殿物
Ｗ 被処理物
ａ 汚染土壌処理工程
ｂ 水浄化処理工程
ｃ 熱分解処理工程
１ 汚染土壌加熱部
２ 土壌取出部
３ 気液接触部
４ 気液分離部
５ 水槽部
６ 冷却部
７ 消臭排気部
７ａ 中和処理部
８ 混合槽部
９ 沈降槽部
１０ 脱水槽部
１１ 蒸発部
１２ 加熱部
１２ａ 予備加熱部
１２ｂ 本加熱部
１３ 排気部
K activated carbon A contaminated soil treatment part B water purification treatment part C pyrolysis removal treatment part T sediment W processed material a contaminated soil treatment process b water purification treatment process c pyrolysis treatment process 1 contaminated soil heating part 2 soil extraction part 3 Gas-liquid contact section 4 Gas-liquid separation section 5 Water tank section 6 Cooling section 7 Deodorizing exhaust section 7a Neutralization processing section 8 Mixing tank section 9 Sedimentation tank section 10 Dehydration tank section 11 Evaporating section 12 Heating section 12a Preheating section 12b Main heating Part 13 Exhaust part
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