JP5241884B2 - Orifice machining method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hole drilling method using a die comprising a pair of punches and dies and a plate for holding them, and in particular, an orifice (injection hole) of a fuel injection valve is inclined to an axis of the fuel injection valve. The present invention relates to a processing method suitable for stepped hole processing, which is formed at the outlet portion of an orifice together with a recess having a diameter larger than the orifice diameter.

  Conventionally, it has a stage that can move in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and a lifting mechanism that can move up and down in the Z-axis direction, and can swing around an axis parallel to the stage surface, and perpendicular to the stage surface. A rotating mechanism that can rotate around a specific axis is provided on the stage, a collet chuck that holds the orifice plate that is the workpiece is fixed on the rotating mechanism, and a tool holder that holds the processing tool is fixed to the lifting mechanism. A processing apparatus is known (see Patent Document 1). This processing device is equipped with a tool changer that replaces the processing tool. While holding the orifice plate, which is the workpiece, on the collet chuck, it processes multiple recesses and orifices with different diameters while changing the processing tool. can do. Further, the orifice plate held by the collet chuck is moved in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction on the stage, and the inclination angle with respect to the processing tool is changed by the rotation mechanism. 6 sets of recesses and orifices inclined at different angles.

JP 2008-184977 A

  In the above prior art, in order to process the recess and the orifice having different hole diameters, it is necessary to replace them with a processing tool corresponding to the hole diameter. By exchanging the processing tool, there is a possibility that the relative positional relationship between the tip position of the processing tool and the orifice plate that is the workpiece is shifted. Therefore, every time the processing tool is replaced, it is necessary to adjust the relative positional relationship between the tip position of the processing tool and the orifice plate, which is a workpiece, and the processing time becomes longer. Here, the hole diameter means the diameter of the recess or the orifice. A recess or an orifice is included in the hole, and in particular, an orifice that is a through hole is included in the hole. Therefore, the hole diameter of the orifice is also referred to as the hole diameter.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an orifice machining method capable of machining recesses and orifices having different hole diameters with high positional accuracy and in a short time.

In order to achieve the above object, a method for processing an orifice of the present invention comprises:
A first step of selecting any one punch from a plurality of punches that are stored such that a relative positional relationship with a work held by the chuck is stored and has an axis in the horizontal direction;
After the first step, a second step of positioning the punch in the first axial direction and the vertical direction perpendicular to the vertical direction and the punch axial direction;
A third step of positioning the workpiece by swinging and rotating the workpiece around a second axis in the vertical direction and a third axis in the horizontal direction swingable around the second axis;
After the second and third steps, a fourth step of pressing the workpiece by moving the punch straight in the punch axis direction;
After the fourth step, there is a fifth step of pulling the punch from the workpiece by moving the punch straight in the direction opposite to the straight direction in the fourth step,
After executing the first to fifth steps, return to the first step while holding the workpiece on the chuck, and select a punch different from the punch selected in the first step. Then, by performing the second to fifth steps, the hole processing including the orifice and the concave portion located at the outlet opening of the orifice is performed.

In the above processing method,
By executing the first to fifth steps, a recess having an axis inclined with respect to the center axis of the work is formed on the surface of the work,
After forming the recesses, a plurality of recesses are formed by forming the recesses at positions different from the recesses by using a punch obtained by pressing the recesses by performing the second to fifth steps. Forming,
After forming the plurality of recesses, the first step is executed to select a punch different from the punch that press-processed the plurality of recesses, and the second to fifth steps are executed to execute the plurality of the plurality of recesses. Forming an orifice in one of the recesses,
After the orifice is formed, the second to fifth steps may be executed to press the orifice into the other recess among the plurality of recesses using a punch that presses the orifice. .

  According to the present invention, it is possible to process concave portions and orifices having different hole diameters with high positional accuracy and in a short time. In particular, in the configuration having a plurality of deflection orifices having different inclination angles with respect to the central axis of the fuel injection valve, the accuracy of the position and angle between the orifices can be improved. A fuel injection valve with little variation in characteristics can be obtained.

The front view of a horizontal type press apparatus. The top view of a horizontal press apparatus (state which rotated the B-axis). The process part enlarged view of FIG. The top view of an orifice plate. EE direction sectional drawing of FIG. Punch arrangement | positioning figure (arrow D direction of FIG. 1). The process part enlarged view of the positioning hole 46. FIG. The process part enlarged view of the surface pressing hole 54a. The process part enlarged view of the counterbore hole 54b. The process part enlarged view of the orifice 54. FIG. Enlarged view of the machined part after discharging the workpiece.

  Examples of the present invention have the following forms.

A first step of selecting any one punch from a plurality of punches that are stored such that a relative positional relationship with a work held by the chuck is stored and has an axis in the horizontal direction;
After the first step, a second step of positioning the punch in the first axial direction and the vertical direction perpendicular to the vertical direction and the punch axial direction;
A third step of positioning the workpiece by swinging and rotating the workpiece around a second axis in the vertical direction and a third axis in the horizontal direction swingable around the second axis;
After the second and third steps, a fourth step of pressing the workpiece by moving the punch straight in the punch axis direction;
After the fourth step, there is a fifth step of pulling the punch from the workpiece by moving the punch straight in the direction opposite to the straight direction in the fourth step,
After executing the first to fifth steps, return to the first step while holding the workpiece on the chuck, and select a punch different from the punch selected in the first step. Then, by performing the second to fifth steps, the hole processing including the orifice and the concave portion located at the outlet opening of the orifice is performed.

In the above-described orifice processing method,
By executing the first to fifth steps, a recess having an axis inclined with respect to the center axis of the work is formed on the surface of the work,
After forming the recesses, a plurality of recesses are formed by forming the recesses at positions different from the recesses by using a punch obtained by pressing the recesses by performing the second to fifth steps. Forming,
After forming the plurality of recesses, the first step is executed to select a punch different from the punch that press-processed the plurality of recesses, and the second to fifth steps are executed to execute the plurality of the plurality of recesses. Forming an orifice in one of the recesses,
After the orifice is formed, the second to fifth steps are executed to press the orifice into the other recesses using the punch that presses the orifice.

More specifically, a base, a B-axis angle indexing device provided on the base and provided with a table B that can adjust the rotation angle around the axis B, and provided on the table B, the axis B A axis angle indexing device provided with a table A whose rotation angle can be adjusted around an axis A orthogonal to the workpiece A, and a work holding unit provided with a chuck provided on the table A and rotating concentrically with the table A A cylindrical workpiece held by the chuck, a discharge pin that operates in the direction of the axis A when the workpiece is discharged, and a table A of the A-axis angle indexing device that is held on the opposite end surface to the chuck portion. An actuator a that opens and closes the chuck, an actuator b that is held on the end surface opposite to the table A of the actuator a and operates the discharge pin, and the base A base Z operable in an axis Z direction perpendicular to the axis B, a base X provided on the base Z and operable in an axis X direction orthogonal to the axis Z, and the base X A punch holding portion that can be moved up and down in an axis Y direction perpendicular to the axis X, and a plurality of punches that are held in parallel to the axis Z by the punch holding portion and have different tip diameters, An X direction actuator for moving X in the axis X direction, a Y direction actuator for moving the base Y in the axis Y direction, a Z direction actuator for moving the base Z in the axis Z direction, and the table A An A-axis angle indexing device that adjusts the rotation angle around the axis A, a B-axis angle indexing device that adjusts the rotation angle around the axis B of the table B, and the actuator And eta a, the actuator b with horizontal press for NC program control,
A first step of positioning the cylindrical workpiece by rotating the A-axis angle indexing device and the B-axis angle indexing device; and a second step of positioning the punch by moving the base X and the base Y. A third step in which the base Z is linearly moved in the direction of the axis Z to press the cylindrical workpiece to a predetermined Z position, a fourth step in which the punch is stopped at the bottom dead center, and a third step. The fifth step of pulling out the punch by going straight in the opposite direction to the step is performed, and the first to fifth steps are performed by shifting the processing portion with the same or another punch while holding the cylindrical workpiece. The discharge pin is moved in the direction of the axis A, and the cylindrical workpiece is discharged out of the chuck.

  Moreover, the said processing method is applicable to the processing method of a three-dimensional component as follows.

A base, a B-axis angle indexing device provided with a table B provided on the base and capable of adjusting a rotation angle around an axis B, and an axis A provided on the table B and orthogonal to the axis B An A-axis angle indexing device provided with a table A capable of adjusting the rotation angle, a work holding unit provided on the table A and provided with a chuck that rotates concentrically with the table A, and held by the chuck And a discharge pin that operates in the direction of the axis A when the workpiece is discharged, and is held on the end surface opposite to the table A of the A-axis angle indexing device, and applies thrust to the chuck portion to open and close the chuck. An actuator a to be performed, an actuator b which is held on the end surface opposite to the table A of the actuator a and operates the discharge pin, and is provided on the base. A base Z operable in an axis Z direction orthogonal to the base Z, a base X provided on the base Z and operable in an axis X direction orthogonal to the axis Z, provided on the base X, and the axis X Using a horizontal press device comprising a punch holding part capable of moving up and down in the direction of the axis Y perpendicular to the axis, and a plurality of punches held parallel to the axis Z on the punch holding part,
A first step of positioning the workpiece by rotating the A-axis angle indexing device and the B-axis angle indexing device; a second step of positioning the punch by moving the base X and the base Y; , A third step in which the base Z moves straight in the direction of the axis Z and the workpiece is pressed to a predetermined Z position, a fourth step in which the punch is stopped at the bottom dead center, and a reverse of the third step. The fifth step of pulling out the punch by moving straight in the direction is performed, and the first to fifth steps are performed a plurality of times by shifting the processing portion with the same or different punches while holding the workpiece. The discharge pin is moved in the direction of the axis A to discharge the work out of the chuck.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below. In the following description, the hole diameter means the diameter of the recess or the orifice. A recess or an orifice is included in the hole, and in particular, an orifice that is a through-hole is included in the hole. Therefore, the hole diameter of the orifice is also referred to as the hole diameter.

  First, the configuration of the horizontal press apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.

  FIG. 1 is a front view of a horizontal press apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the horizontal press apparatus (in a state where the B axis is rotated), and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a processing portion of FIG. It is.

  The horizontal press apparatus 1 includes a base portion that holds a plurality of punches, a base portion that can move in the directions of the axes X, Y, and Z, and a workpiece 12 that can rotate in the directions of the axes A and B. First, the configuration of the base portion will be described.

  The base 2 installed horizontally on the floor is composed of a base 2a and a base 2b arranged adjacent to each other. A B-axis angle indexing device 3 is held on the base 2a and has a Z-direction actuator 4 inside. A guide rail Z5 is formed on the base 2b, and the base Z6 is installed so as to be slidable in the Z direction while being guided by the guide rail Z5. At this time, the base Z6 is operated by the Z-direction actuator 4.

  The base Z6 includes a base Z6a and a base Z6b. The base Z6a is connected to the Z-direction actuator 4 and attached integrally with the base Z6b. The base Z6b is placed on the base 2b, is slidable in the axis Z direction while being guided by the guide rail Z5, and has an X-direction actuator 7 therein.

  A guide rail X40 is formed on the base Z6b, and the base X8 is installed so as to be slidable in the direction of the axis X while being guided by the guide rail X40. At this time, the base X8 is actuated by the X-direction actuator 7.

  The base X8 includes a base X8a and a base X8b. The base X8a is connected to the X-direction actuator 7, and is attached integrally with the base X8b. The base X8b is placed on the base Z6b, is slidable in the direction of the axis X while being guided by the guide rail X40, and has a Y-direction actuator 9 inside.

  The base Y10 includes a base Y10a and a base plate 10b. On the base plate 10b, a punch holding unit 13 is provided in which the punches 17 to 22 are held in parallel with the axis Z direction. The base Y10a is connected to the Y-direction actuator 9, and is attached integrally with the base plate 10b. A guide rail Y14 is formed on the base X8b, and the base plate 10b is installed so as to be slidable in the axis Y direction while being guided by the guide rail Y14. At this time, the base Y10a is operated by the Y-direction actuator 9.

  The punch holding unit 13 includes a holder 11 and an arbor 16 and is held by the base plate 10b. At this time, a total of six arbors 16 are attached to the base plate 10b in two rows of three each in parallel with the axis Z direction. The arbor 16 has a tapered portion 16a, and the holder 11 is detachably mounted on the same core. The holder 11 is provided with a cylindrical punch holding portion 11a, and a hydraulic pressure generating portion 11b is formed in the punch holding portion. Six punches 17 to 22 are held here. Each of the punches 17 to 22 is formed of a cutting edge portion 17 a to 22 a having a different diameter and shape, and a handle portion 17 b to 22 b held by the holder 11. The punch handle portions 17b to 22b are inserted into the punch holding portion 11a, and hydraulic pressure is generated in the hydraulic pressure generating portion 11b to generate a tightening force in the radial direction, thereby holding the punches 17 to 22. At this time, in order to secure the grasping force of the punches 17 to 22, the diameters of the punch handle portions 17b to 22b are made larger than the diameters of the punch blade portions 17a to 22a.

  As a result, the holding force of the punch can be increased, and the punch runout and the change in the position of the punch blade edge during punch extraction (punch omission) can be prevented.

  Thus, the punches 17 to 22 are orthogonally moved with high accuracy in the directions of the axes X, Y, and Z.

  Next, the configuration of the table unit will be described.

  The B-axis angle indexing device 3 is held on the base 2a, and has a table B23 at the top and a B-axis actuator 24 inside, and at one end on the table B23 (on the side far from the punches 17 to 22). The A-axis angle indexing device 25 is held. By the operation of the B-axis actuator 24, the table B23 rotates about the axis B.

  The A-axis angle indexing device 25 includes a table A26 on the end face facing the punches 17 to 22, an actuator a29 held on the opposite end face, and an A-axis actuator 28 inside. The table A26 rotates about the axis A by the operation of the A-axis actuator 28. In addition, a work holding unit 31 is held on the table A26 so as to be concentric with the table A26. The workpiece holding portion 31 is a chuck 32 that holds the cylindrical workpiece 12, a sleeve 33 that converts the thrust in the axis A direction from the actuator a 29 into a force that shrinks the chuck 32 in the radial direction, and a discharge that discharges the workpiece 12 out of the chuck 32. It comprises a pin 34 and a holding frame 35 for holding them. After the workpiece 12 is inserted into the chuck 32, thrust is applied in the direction of the axis A (direction toward the punches 17 to 22) by the actuator a29, and the gripping force is generated in the chuck 32 by moving the sleeve 33 in the direction of the axis A. The chuck 32 grasps the workpiece 12.

  At this time, since the chuck 32 is restricted from moving in the direction of the axis A by the holding frame 35, the workpiece 12 does not move in the direction of the axis A during chucking.

  For this reason, even if the workpiece 12 is supplied and discharged continuously, the Z dimension can be processed with high repeatability, and the variation in the penetration length can be reduced by reducing the variation in the hole depth.

  When the workpiece 12 is ejected, the actuator a29 is actuated to transmit a thrust in a direction opposite to that at the time of grasping the chuck 32 to loosen the chuck 32, and then the actuator b30 applies a thrust in the Z direction to operate the ejection pin 34. The workpiece 12 is discharged out of the chuck 32.

  The workpiece 12 has a cylindrical shape having a convex spherical surface portion 12a on one end face in the axial direction, and the center of the spherical surface portion 12a intersects the axis B when the A-axis angle indexing device 25 is installed on the table B23. Install in. In this way, the test indicator can be applied to the spherical surface portion 12a, the B axis can be rotated, and a place where the test indicator does not shake can be easily found, and the rotation centers of the axis A and the axis B can be accurately detected. Can be adapted. In addition, by attaching a test indicator to the base plate 10b and moving the test indicator in the direction of the axis Y with respect to the table A26, it is possible to easily find a place where there is no vibration, and the parallelism between the axis Y and the axis B is highly accurate. I can put it out. On the end surface of the workpiece 12 opposite to the spherical surface portion 12a, a bowl-shaped recess 12b is formed.

  As described above, the X, Y, Z, A, and B coordinate systems can be realized with high accuracy.

  In this embodiment, the axis Y and the axis B are essentially parallel to the vertical line. The axis Z and the axis A are essentially horizontal. Here, “essential” is based on the premise that the horizontal press apparatus of the present embodiment is installed in a horizontal place, and has a slight inclination of an error from the vertical line or the horizontal direction. Is also included in parallel or horizontal to the vertical line.

  Further, since the A-axis angle indexing device 25 has a cantilevered support structure against the pressurization of the punches 17 to 22, there is a space above. A loader for automatically supplying and discharging the workpiece 12 can be installed in this space, and a press device including the loader can be manufactured in a compact and inexpensive manner.

  The operations of the X direction actuator 7, the Y direction actuator 9, the Z direction actuator 4, the A axis actuator 28, the B axis actuator 24, the actuator a 29, and the actuator b 30 are controlled by the control unit 36. In the control unit 36, the coordinate values of X, Y, Z, A, and B allocated to the punches 17 to 22 in advance, the order in which the punches 17 to 22 are operated, the pressing / pulling speed of the punches 17 to 22, and the actuator a29 , The operation timing of the actuator b30 is input. These pieces of information are collectively input as a program 1.

  Next, it has a plurality of orifices (injection holes) deflected at different angles with respect to the axis of the fuel injection valve, and the aspect ratio of the orifice formed by the entire step surface is 1.5 or more. The stepped hole processing of a cylindrical orifice plate having a convex spherical portion on the side will be described with reference to FIGS.

  4 is a plan view of the orifice plate, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG.

  The orifice plate 44 has six holes on the spherical surface 45 (surface pressing holes 54a to 59a, counterbored holes 54b to 59b, and orifices 54 to 59) which are deflected at different angles with respect to the axis 53 of the fuel injection valve. The flat portion 49 has three positioning holes 46 to 48 which are conical bottomed holes. At this time, the positioning holes 47 and 48 are provided at equal positions from the center of the orifice plate 44 at opposing positions 180 degrees apart, and the positioning hole 46 is provided at a substantially intermediate position between them. As a result, the rotation direction reference axis 43 connecting the center of the positioning holes 47 and 48 can be formed.

  Since the orifices 54 to 59 are formed so as to be deflected at different angles with respect to the axis 53 of the fuel injection valve, the orifices 54 to 59 cannot be used as a positioning reference in the rotation direction when incorporated in the fuel injection valve body. 43 is incorporated into the fuel injection valve body. By doing in this way, spray position accuracy can be taken out with high precision, and the dispersion | variation in spray position can also be suppressed. Further, by forming the positioning holes 46 to 48 with conical bottomed holes, it is possible to improve the visibility when the holes are viewed from directly above, and the image processing when positioning in the rotational direction becomes easy. Assembling accuracy can be improved.

  Here, a method of calculating the hole coordinate values X, Y, Z, A, and B will be described. As an example, calculation of coordinate values of the surface pressing hole 54a, counterbore hole 54b, and orifice 54 will be described.

  In the horizontal press apparatus 1, a position where the axis Z and the axis A are parallel is set as an initial position (state shown in FIG. 1). When the B-axis is the initial position, the position where the axis A and the punches 17 to 22 are centered is the origin of the X and Y coordinates of each punch, and the end surfaces of the cutting edges of the punches 19 to 22 are located at the center 45a of the spherical surface portion 45. The combined position is set as the Z coordinate origin of each punch. The distances from the center 45a of the spherical portion 45 to the bottom surfaces of the surface pressing hole 54a and the counterbore hole 54b are the Z coordinates of the respective holes. Further, the Z coordinate value of the orifice 54 is set to a Z coordinate value through which the hole penetrates when the sheet portion 44a is formed. At this time, the bottom surface of the orifice 54 is inside the recess 12b.

  Further, an angle A is a projection angle of the rotation direction reference axis 43 and the axis of the orifice 54 onto the plane portion 49. In a cross section that passes through the axis of the orifice 54 and is perpendicular to the plane portion 49, the projection angle on the vertical cross section between the axis 53 of the fuel injection valve and the axis of the orifice 54 is an angle B. When the horizontal plate 1 holds the orifice plate 44 and rotates the A and B axes by angles A and B from the initial state, the axis of the orifice 54 becomes parallel to the axis Z. In this state, the movement distance from the origin when the axis of the orifice 54 and the axis of the orifice machining punch 22 are aligned becomes the X and Y coordinates.

  When the coordinate values X, Y, A, and B calculated as described above are input, the hole axis coincides with the punch axis, and the axis is parallel to the Z-axis. By inputting the coordinate value Z in this state, it is possible to process to a predetermined hole depth.

  Next, referring to FIGS. 6 to 11, the present invention has a plurality of orifices (injection holes) deflected at different angles with respect to the axis of the fuel injection valve as shown in FIGS. A processing method in the case where the aspect ratio of the orifice formed on the step surface is 1.5 or more and applied to the stepped hole processing of the cylindrical orifice plate having the convex spherical portion on the downstream side of the orifice will be described. . 6 is a punch arrangement diagram (in the direction of arrow D in FIG. 1), FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the processing portion of the positioning hole 46, FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the processing portion of the surface pressing hole 54a, and FIG. FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the processed portion of the orifice 54.

  Three types of punches used for processing three-stage holes (surface pressing holes 54a to 59a, counterbore holes 54b to 59b, orifices 54 to 59) are used for processing conical bottomed holes (positioning holes 46 to 47). One type of punch is required. Therefore, the positioning hole machining punch 20 for machining the positioning holes 46 to 48, the surface pressing hole machining punch 21 for machining the surface pushing holes 54a to 59a, the counterbored hole machining punch 19 for machining the counterbored holes 54b to 59b, and the orifices 54 to 59. An orifice machining punch 22 for machining is arranged as shown in FIG. The face punching hole punch 21, the counterbore hole punching 19 and the orifice punching hole 22 are stepped cylindrical shapes, and the dimensions of the handle portions 19b to 22b are all the same, and only the dimensions of the blade edges 19a to 22a are different. The diameters of the blade edges 19a to 22a are in the order of the face pressing punch 21> the counterbore punch 19> the orifice punch 22.

  The positioning hole machining punch 20 has the same pattern portion 20b as the other punch handle portions 19b to 22b, but differs from the other punches in that the blade portion 20a has a conical shape.

  The control unit 36 is previously provided with positioning holes 46 to 48, surface pressing holes 54a to 59a, counterbored holes 54b to 59b, and orifices 54 to 59 with respective X, Y, Z, A and B coordinate values and punches used for each hole. , The pressing / pulling speed of the punches 19 to 22, the bottom dead center stop time, the operation timing of the actuator a29 and the actuator b30, and the like.

  Hereinafter, the step of processing the stepped hole will be described in detail. The following operations are NC program controlled by the control unit 36.

  First, processing of the positioning holes 46 to 48 will be described with reference to FIGS. After the workpiece 12 is inserted into the chuck 32 by a loader or a human hand, a thrust is applied in the direction of the axis A by the actuator a29, and a radial tightening force is transmitted to the chuck 32 via the sleeve 33. Grasps the workpiece 12. Thereafter, the cutting edge portion 20a of the positioning hole machining punch 20 and the axial center of the positioning hole 46 are made to coincide with each other by rapid movement by the operations of the X direction actuator 7 and the Y direction actuator 9. At this time, the A and B axes remain at their initial positions (positions where the axis Z and the axis A are parallel). Thereafter, the cutting edge portion 20a of the positioning hole machining punch 20 is fed to the upper position of the positioning hole 46 by rapid movement by the operation of the Z direction actuator 4. Thereafter, the positioning hole machining punch 20 is sent and pressed at a predetermined speed until the tip of the cutting edge portion 20a of the positioning hole machining punch 20 reaches the Z coordinate value corresponding to the bottom surface of the positioning hole 46, and as it is at the bottom dead center for a predetermined time. Stop. Thereafter, the positioning hole machining punch 20 is fed to the upper side of the positioning hole 46 at a predetermined speed in the axis Z direction, and the punch is pulled out. Since the moving speed of the positioning hole machining punch 20 can be set arbitrarily, the speed on the drawing side can be made faster than the speed on the pressing side, and the production efficiency can be increased. The speed on the pressing side is determined in consideration of the life of the positioning hole machining punch 20 (the life decreases if the speed is increased too much). At this time, the bottom dead center stop time of the positioning hole machining punch 20 is arbitrarily set, so that the spring back of the material is suppressed and a high accuracy of the hole depth can be obtained.

  The positioning holes 47 and 48 are sequentially processed in the same manner. In this way, the bag-hole-like positioning holes 46 to 48 can be formed with good surface roughness on the entire shear surface.

  Next, processing of the surface pressing holes 54a to 59a will be described with reference to FIG. After the processing of the positioning hole 48 is completed and the positioning hole processing punch 20 is pulled out above the positioning hole 48, the surface pressing hole processing punch 21 is continuously processed while the workpiece 12 is chucked. The A-axis actuator 28 and the B-axis actuator 24 are operated to rotate the A and B axes so that the hole 54a is parallel to the Z-axis, and the X-direction actuator 7 and the Y-direction actuator 9 are used to punch the surface punch hole. The axial center of 21 edge part 21a and the surface pressing hole 54a are fast-fed together. Thereafter, the surface punching hole punch 21 is sent and pressed at a predetermined speed until the tip of the cutting edge portion 21a of the surface punching hole punch 21 reaches the Z coordinate value corresponding to the bottom surface of the surface pressing hole 54a. Stop for a predetermined time. At this time, a part of the material extruded by the blade edge portion 21a forms a raised portion 54c on the concave portion 12b side. Thereafter, the surface pressing hole machining punch 21 is fed to the upper side of the surface pressing hole 54a at a predetermined speed in the axis Z direction, and the surface pressing hole machining punch 21 is pulled out. Since the moving speed of the surface punching hole punch 21 can be set arbitrarily, the speed on the drawing side can be made faster than the speed on the pressing side, and the production efficiency can be increased. Note that the speed on the pressing side is determined in consideration of the life of the surface punch hole punch 21 (if the speed is increased too much, the life will be shortened). At this time, by setting the bottom dead center stop time arbitrarily for the surface punch hole punch 21, the spring back of the material is suppressed, and a highly accurate hole depth accuracy can be obtained.

  The surface pressing holes 55a, 56a, 57a, 58a, 59a are similarly processed sequentially. In this way, the bag-hole shaped surface pressing holes 54a to 59a can be formed with good surface roughness on the entire shear surface. Further, swelled portions 54c to 59c are formed on the concave portion 12b side.

  Next, processing of the counterbored holes 54b to 59b will be described with reference to FIG. After the processing of the surface pressing hole 59a is completed and the surface pressing hole machining punch 21 is pulled out above the surface pressing hole 59a, the machining by the counterbore hole processing punch 19 is continued while the workpiece 12 is chucked. The A and B axes are rotated by the operations of the A-axis actuator 28 and the B-axis actuator 24 so that the counterbored hole 54b is parallel to the axis Z, and the counterbored hole punching is performed by the operations of the X-direction actuator 7 and the Y-direction actuator 9. The 19 blade tips 19a and the shaft cores of the counterbore holes 54b are fast-fed together. Thereafter, the counterbored hole punch 19 is sent and pressed at a predetermined speed until the tip of the cutting edge portion 19a of the counterbored hole punch 19 reaches the Z coordinate value corresponding to the bottom surface of the counterbored hole 54b, and is left at the bottom dead center for a predetermined time. Stop. At this time, a part of the material extruded by the blade edge portion 19a forms a raised portion 54d on the concave portion 12b side. Thereafter, the counterbored hole punch 19 is fed to the upper portion of the counterbored hole 54b at a predetermined speed, and the counterbored hole punch 19 is pulled out. Since the moving speed of the counterbore punch 19 can be set arbitrarily, the speed on the drawing side can be made faster than the speed on the pressing side to increase the production efficiency. The speed on the pressing side is determined in consideration of the service life of the counterbore punch 19 (if the speed is increased too much, the service life will decrease). At this time, the bottom dead center stop time of the counterbore hole processing punch 19 is arbitrarily set, so that the spring back of the material is suppressed and a high precision hole depth accuracy can be obtained.

  The counterbore holes 55b, 56b, 57b, 58b, 59b are similarly processed sequentially. In this way, the bag hole-shaped counterbore holes 54b to 59b can be formed with good surface roughness on the entire shear surface. In addition, raised portions 54d to 59d are formed on the concave portion 12b side.

  Next, processing of the orifices 54 to 59 will be described with reference to FIG. After the machining of the counterbored hole 59b is completed, the counterbored hole processing punch 19 is pulled out above the counterbored hole 59b, and then the machining by the orifice processing punch 22 is performed while the workpiece 12 is chucked. The operations of the A-axis actuator 28 and the B-axis actuator 24 rotate the A and B axes so that the orifice 54 is parallel to the axis Z, and the operations of the X-direction actuator 7 and the Y-direction actuator 9 The shaft centers of the blade edge portion 22a and the orifice 54 are fast-fed together. Thereafter, the orifice machining punch 22 is sent and pressed at a predetermined speed until the tip of the cutting edge portion 22a of the orifice machining punch 22 reaches the Z coordinate value (inside the recess 12b) corresponding to the bottom surface of the orifice 54, and the bottom dead center is left as it is. Stop for a predetermined time. At this time, a part of the material extruded by the blade edge portion 22a forms a raised portion 54e on the concave portion 12b side. Thereafter, the orifice machining punch 22 is fed to the upper portion of the orifice 54 at a predetermined speed, and the orifice machining punch 22 is pulled out. Since the moving speed of the orifice machining punch 22 can be set arbitrarily, the speed on the drawing side can be made faster than the speed on the pressing side, and the production efficiency can be increased. The speed on the pressing side is determined in consideration of the life of the orifice processing punch 22 (the life is shortened if the speed is increased too much). At this time, the bottom dead center stop time of the orifice machining punch 22 is arbitrarily set, so that the spring back of the material is suppressed and a high precision hole depth accuracy can be obtained.

  The orifices 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 are similarly processed. In this way, the hole-shaped orifices 54 to 59 can be formed with good surface roughness on the entire shear surface. Further, swelled portions 54e to 59e are formed on the concave portion 12b side.

  By forming the raised portions 54d to 59d at the time of counterboring, even if the orifice processing punch is inserted into the recess 12b, the tensile force of the material at the punch blade tip can be reduced, so that the fracture does not run, and the orifice 54 ˜59 can be formed with a total shear plane, and spray variation can be suppressed.

  By processing as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) Since the three-stage holes (surface pressing holes 54a to 59a, counterbored holes 54b to 59b, and orifices 54 to 59) can be machined with good coaxiality, the orifice is machined by, for example, electric discharge machining or cutting. Can be processed with better surface roughness than For this reason, it is possible to reduce the adhesion of the burnt residue such as carbon produced by the combustion of the fuel during in-cylinder injection to the three-stage holes (surface pressing holes 54a to 59a, counterbored holes 54b to 59b, orifices 54 to 59). Can be atomized and the shape and position accuracy can be improved.

  (2) Since the workpiece 12 can be processed while being chucked, the positioning accuracy of the positioning holes 46 to 48 and the orifices 54 to 59 on the basis of the workpiece outer diameter, and the three-stage holes (surface pressing holes 54a to 59a, counterbored holes 54b to 59b, the orifices 54 to 59) can be processed with high accuracy. Further, there is no need for positioning by image processing. In addition, since it is continuously processed with punches arranged in a skewer shape, there is no need for tool change, the processing cycle time can be remarkably shortened, and the orifice plate with small variation in spray position can be reduced while reducing capital investment. It can be processed inexpensively and with good productivity.

  (3) A flat part (bottom face of the counterbore hole) that is perpendicular to the axis of the orifice is provided on the spherical part, and the orifice is pressed at a right angle on the flat part, so that bending force is not applied to the punch, so the tool does not break. Even deep martensitic stainless steel (for example, SUS420J2) with a carbon content of 0.25% or more can be easily machined with a full-shear surface in straight holes with an aspect ratio of 1.5 or more, improving the spray performance of the injector Can be made.

  In addition, since the outlet of the counterbore hole and the outlet of the orifice are perpendicular to the axis of the orifice, the fluid injection timing is the same all around, and the penetration length is uniform even with the orifice deflected with respect to the axis of the injection valve. And the homogeneity of spraying can be improved.

  (4) Even if the orifices 54 to 59 are formed to be deflected at different angles with respect to the axis 53 of the fuel injection valve, the orifices 54 to 59 are made to be parallel to the axis Z by the operations of the A and B axes. By doing so, the machining path of the orifice machining punch 22 is only required to go straight in the Z direction by the operation of the Z direction actuator 4. For this reason, no bending load is applied to the orifice punching punch 22, and the life of the orifice punching punch 22 can be improved and the production efficiency can be improved as compared with the method of working obliquely by cooperating the X and Y direction actuators. Can do.

  (5) Since the pressure applied from the punches 19 to 22 to the workpiece 12 is received by the gripping force of the chuck 32 and the discharge pin 34, the workpiece 12 does not move in the direction of the axis A during pressurization, and the orifice length Can be formed with high precision, and the penetration length can be stabilized.

  Finally, discharge of the workpiece 12 will be described with reference to FIG. After the machining of the orifice 59 is completed and the orifice machining punch 22 is pulled out above the orifice 59, the A and B axes are returned to their initial positions (positions where the axis Z and the axis A are parallel), and the actuator a29 is operated to perform chucking. 32, and then the actuator b30 is operated to apply thrust to the discharge pin 34 to move the discharge pin 34 in the direction of the axis A, discharge the work 12 out of the chuck 32, and load the work 12 by a loader or a human hand. It is discharged out of the horizontal press device 1.

  Finally, by forming the sheet portion 44a of the workpiece 12 by cutting or electric discharge machining, the orifices 54 to 59 can be made to be the orifice of the total shear surface, and the variation in spray position and penetration length is reduced. it can.

  Since the orifices 54 to 59 of the orifice plate 44 are formed with an aspect ratio of 1.5 or more, the machining load is larger than that of the orifice machining with an aspect ratio of about 1, and therefore, the drawing is performed when the punch is drawn after machining. The load (about 20 to 40% of the processing load) is large. Therefore, in order to process the dimensional accuracy of the hole bottom with high accuracy, it is necessary to set the gripping force of the chuck 32 to the workpiece 12 so that the workpiece 12 does not shift in the axis A direction even when this pulling force is applied.

  Further, the surface pressing holes 54a to 59a are formed to be deflected at different angles with respect to the axis 53 of the fuel injection valve, and have an angle with respect to the normal 45b of the spherical surface 45. A rotational moment about the A axis is applied to 12. The surface pressing hole processing punch 21 is the largest punch among four types of punch diameters, and has a large processing force. For this reason, in order to process the hole with high accuracy, it is necessary to set the gripping force of the chuck 32 to the workpiece 12 so that the workpiece 12 does not rotate around the A axis even when this rotational moment is applied.

  Therefore, it has a plurality of orifices (injection holes) deflected at different angles with respect to the axis of the fuel injection valve, and the aspect ratio of the orifice formed by all the step surfaces is 1.5 or more. In order to form a stepped hole in a cylindrical orifice plate having a convex spherical portion on the side, a large thrust force to the chuck 32 is required, and the actuator a29 is also large.

  Further, in order to increase the productivity, it is essential to install a loader in order to automatically supply / discharge the workpiece 12, and a mechanism for discharging the workpiece 12 to the outside of the chuck 32 is required for discharging the workpiece 12 to the loader. Become. Therefore, the actuator b30 that operates the discharge pin 34 is required as in the present invention. Since the horizontal press device 1 used in the present invention has a layout in which there is no structure in the installation portion of the actuator a29 and the actuator b30, the installation location and size of the actuator a29 and the actuator b30 can be freely selected. is there. Therefore, the size of the actuator a29 can be increased to increase the grasping force of the chuck 32, and the actuator b30 can be installed on the end surface of the actuator a29.

  In the above embodiment, the number of punches attached is set to 6, but the number of attachments can be increased depending on the product specifications.

  Hereinafter, examples of utilization of the present invention for orifice processing will be described.

  (1) If you want to change the deflection angle of the orifice, if you prepare a program with coordinate values changed in advance, you can change it by simply selecting the program without replacing parts. Can change.

  (2) For example, in the case of 6 holes, when machining with one punch, the machining error of the punch is multiplied by 6 and it becomes difficult to adjust the flow rate. If three holes are processed with two punches, the processing error is canceled and the flow rate can be easily adjusted. For this reason, for example, an orifice punch having a flow rate of NG when used alone, which is 0.001 mm larger than the target value of the punch diameter, is mounted as the punch 17, and when used alone, the flow rate is NG, which is 0.001 mm from the target value of the punch diameter. If a small orifice punch is mounted as the punch 18 and processed three holes at a time, the flow rate in the entire six holes becomes normal. For this reason, even if a punching error occurs, the flow rate can be adjusted at low cost because it can be used in combination.

  (3) To change the positions, angles, depths, and diameters of the orifices 54 to 59, in the punch arrangement diagram of FIG. If the program 2 and program 3 with different angles, depths, and punches used for each hole are input to the control unit 36, the model can be changed only by changing the program without replacing parts. Time can be saved and productivity is significantly improved.

  (4) In the punch arrangement diagram of FIG. 6, if orifice punches with different diameters are mounted in advance as punches 17, 18, and 22, orifice plates having three types of orifice diameters can be manufactured. At this time, since the workpiece can be processed while being chucked, three types of orifices can be processed with high positional accuracy based on the outer diameter of the workpiece 12, and an orifice plate with small variations in spray position can be processed inexpensively with high productivity. .

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various processes can be performed without departing from the gist thereof. For example, it is possible to perform processing such that planes are provided at different angles with respect to the axis at a plurality of locations on the spherical surface (the spherical surface is polyhedral). Move the A and B axes to incline the workpiece so that the flat part is at right angles to the Z axis, and send it in the Z direction until the punch edge reaches the flat part position. Then, after the punch is fed in the X and Y directions at a feed pitch equal to or less than half the punch diameter and the operation in the Z direction is repeated, a plane portion larger than the punch diameter can be obtained.

  At this time, by setting the punch pressing speed and the bottom dead center stop time arbitrarily, it is possible to suppress the springback of the material and to obtain a high precision upsetting accuracy.

1 Horizontal press device 2 Base 3 B-axis angle indexing device 6 Base Z
8 Base X
10 Base Y
12 Workpiece 13 Punch holding part 17-22 Punch 23 Table B
25 A-axis angle indexing device 26 Table A
29 Actuator a
30 Actuator b
31 Work holding part 32 Chuck

Claims (1)

A base, a B-axis angle indexing device provided with a table B provided on the base and capable of adjusting a rotation angle around an axis B, and an axis A provided on the table B and orthogonal to the axis B An A-axis angle indexing device provided with a table A capable of adjusting the rotation angle, a work holding unit provided on the table A and provided with a chuck that rotates concentrically with the table A, and held by the chuck A cylindrical workpiece, a discharge pin that moves in the direction of the axis A when the workpiece is discharged, and an end surface opposite to the table A of the A-axis angle indexing device. An actuator a that opens and closes; an actuator b that is held on the end surface opposite to the table A of the actuator a and that operates the discharge pin; A base Z operable in an axis Z direction orthogonal to the axis B, a base X provided on the base Z, operable in an axis X direction orthogonal to the axis Z, and provided on the base X; A punch holder that can be moved up and down in the direction of the axis Y perpendicular to the axis X, and a plurality of punches that are held in parallel to the axis Z by the punch holder and have different tip diameters. An X-direction actuator that moves in the direction, a Y-direction actuator that moves the base Y in the axis Y direction, a Z-direction actuator that moves the base Z in the axis Z direction, and the table A around the axis A An A-axis angle indexing device for adjusting the rotation angle, a B-axis angle indexing device for adjusting the rotation angle of the table B around the axis B, the actuator a, An actuator b with horizontal press for NC program control,
A first step of positioning the cylindrical workpiece by rotating the A-axis angle indexing device and the B-axis angle indexing device; and a second step of positioning the punch by moving the base X and the base Y. A third step in which the base Z is linearly moved in the direction of the axis Z to press the cylindrical workpiece to a predetermined Z position, a fourth step in which the punch is stopped at the bottom dead center, and a third step. The fifth step of pulling out the punch by going straight in the opposite direction to the step is performed, and the first to fifth steps are performed by shifting the processing portion with the same or another punch while holding the cylindrical workpiece. Is performed a plurality of times, and then the discharge pin is moved in the direction of the axis A to discharge the cylindrical workpiece out of the chuck.

Images