JP5228281B2 - ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT ELEMENT, DISPLAY DEVICE AND LIGHTING DEVICE USING ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT ELEMENT - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescence element, a display device using the organic electroluminescence element, and an illumination apparatus.

  As a light-emitting electronic display device, there is an electroluminescence display (ELD). As a component of ELD, an inorganic electroluminescence element and an organic EL element are mentioned. Inorganic electroluminescent elements have been used as planar light sources, but an alternating high voltage is required to drive the light emitting elements.

  On the other hand, an organic EL element has a structure in which a light emitting layer containing a compound that emits light is sandwiched between a cathode and an anode. By injecting electrons and holes into the light emitting layer and recombining them, excitons (exciton) are obtained. And emits light using the emission of light (fluorescence / phosphorescence) when the exciton is deactivated, and can emit light at a voltage of several volts to several tens of volts. Since it is a light-emitting type, it has a wide viewing angle, high visibility, and since it is a thin-film type complete solid-state device, it has attracted attention from the viewpoints of space saving and portability.

  However, for organic EL elements for practical use in the future, there is a demand for technological development that emits light with high power and efficiency with lower power consumption.

  The light emission of the conventional organic EL element mainly uses light emission from the excited singlet state (that is, fluorescence). When using light emission from such an excited singlet, Since the generation ratio of triplet excitons is 1: 3, the generation probability of luminescent excited species is 25%, and the light extraction efficiency is about 20%, so the limit of external extraction quantum efficiency (ηext) Is 5%.

  However, since the University of Princeton has reported on organic EL devices that use phosphorescence from excited triplets (see Non-Patent Document 1), research on materials that exhibit phosphorescence at room temperature has become active. . Similar reports (see Non-Patent Document 2) and patents (see Patent Document 1) are also known.

  When excited triplets are used, the upper limit of internal quantum efficiency is 100%, so that in principle the luminous efficiency is four times that of excited singlets, and there is a possibility that almost the same performance as cold cathode tubes can be obtained. Since it can be applied to lighting, it is attracting attention in various fields.

  Many compounds have been studied mainly for heavy metal complexes such as iridium complex systems (see Non-Patent Document 3).

  However, although the external extraction efficiency of 20%, which is the theoretical limit for green light emission, has been achieved, the efficiency is extremely lowered in the high luminance region, and other light emission colors, especially blue light emission, are still sufficient. The efficiency was not obtained and improvement was necessary.

  As dopants for blue light emission, iridium complexes having phenylimidazole and phenylpyrazole as ligands have been studied, and these have been reported as useful dopants for blue phosphorescent organic EL devices. However, sufficient efficiency and lifetime are not obtained for these elements.

Use of a plurality of materials for the light emitting layer is also being studied for higher efficiency. For example, an organic EL element in which the light emitting layer is composed of a dopant and a hole transport material or an electron transport material can be mentioned. Even in an element using these multiple materials, a phosphorescent dopant is used for green light emission to achieve high efficiency. However, almost all of the light-emitting materials for blue light emission have been reported with respect to fluorescent dopants, which is not possible when phosphorescent dopants are used from the viewpoint of efficiency ( (See Patent Document 5). In addition, even a device using a blue phosphorescent dopant has not been able to obtain a sufficient effect of high efficiency and long life (see Patent Document 6).
US Pat. No. 6,097,147 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-184581 JP 2003-68465 A JP 2003-68466 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-311231 JP 2005-255986 A M.M. A. Baldo et al. , Nature, 395, 151-154 (1998) M.M. A. Baldo et al. , Nature, 40, 17, 750-753 (2000) S. Lamansky et al. , J .; Am. Chem. Soc. 123, 4304 (2001)

  An object of the present invention is to provide an organic EL element having high emission luminance and high emission efficiency, particularly an organic EL element that emits blue light having high emission luminance, color purity, emission efficiency, and durability, and a display device and an illumination device using the organic EL element. It is to be.

  The above problem could be solved by the following configuration.

1. In an organic electroluminescence device having at least one light emitting layer containing two or more host compounds and one or more phosphorescent compounds,
At least one of the phosphorescent compounds is a compound represented by the following general formula (1) , wherein the HOMO is −5.15 to −3.50 eV and the LUMO is −1.25 to +1.00 eV. Yes,
At least two of the host compounds are a carbazole compound, a triarylamine compound, or a dibenzofuran compound.

[In the formula, R ₁ Represents a substituent. Z represents a nonmetallic atom group necessary for forming a 5- to 7-membered ring. n1 represents the integer of 0-5. B ₁ ~ B ₅ The ring represented by represents an imidazole ring or a pyrazole ring, and M ₁ Represents a group 8-10 metal in the periodic table. X ₁ And X ₂ Represents a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom or an oxygen atom, and L ₁ Is X ₁ And X ₂ Together with an atomic group forming a bidentate ligand. m1 represents an integer of 1, 2 or 3, m2 represents an integer of 0, 1 or 2, and m1 + m2 is 2 or 3. ]

2. 2. The organic electroluminescence according to 1 above, wherein, in the general formula (1), Z represents a nonmetallic atom group necessary for forming a benzene ring, a pyridine ring, a thiazole ring, a pyrimidine ring or a thiophene ring. element.

3 . 3. The organic electroluminescence device according to 1 or 2 , wherein in the general formula (1), M ₁ is Ir or Pt.

4 . 4. The organic electroluminescence device according to any one of 1 to 3, wherein in the general formula (1), m2 is 0.

5 . 5. The organic electroluminescent element according to any one of 1 to 4 , which emits white light.

6 . 6. A display device comprising the organic electroluminescent element according to any one of 1 to 5 above.

7 . It has an organic electroluminescent element of any one of said 1-5 , The illuminating device characterized by the above-mentioned.

8 . 8. A display device comprising the illumination device according to 7 and a liquid crystal element as display means.

  According to the present invention, it was possible to provide an organic EL device having high light emission luminance and high light emission efficiency, particularly an organic EL device that emits blue light with high light emission luminance, color purity, light emission efficiency, and durability.

  Hereinafter, each component of the present invention will be described in detail.

  First, HOMO and LUMO of the present invention will be described.

  Note that HOMO is the highest occupied molecular orbital of a compound, and LUMO is the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of a compound. The HOMO energy level is defined as the energy required to emit electrons at the HOMO level to the vacuum level. The LUMO energy level refers to the LUMO level of the compound when the electrons at the vacuum level are It is defined as the energy that falls and stabilizes.

  In the present invention, the values of HOMO and LUMO are Gaussian 98 (Gaussian 98, Revision A.11.4, MJ Frisch, et al, Gaussian, Inc., Pittsburgh PA), software for molecular orbital calculation manufactured by Gaussian, USA. , 2002.) and is defined as a value (eV unit converted value) calculated by performing structural optimization using B3LYP / LanL2DZ as a keyword. This calculation value is effective because the correlation between the calculation value obtained by this method and the experimental value is high.

  The phosphorescent compound according to the present invention is a compound in which light emission from an excited triplet is observed, and is a compound having a phosphorescence quantum yield of 0.01 or more at 25 ° C. Preferably it is 0.1 or more. In the present invention, any other compound contained in the light emitting layer is used as the host compound.

  In addition, the ratio of the host compound and the phosphorescent compound in the light emitting layer can be any ratio as long as the ratio of the compound contained in the entire light emitting layer is 100% as long as the ratio is 1 to 99% by mass for each compound. The ratio of the host compound is preferably larger than that of the phosphorescent compound, and the ratio of the phosphorescent compound is more preferably 1 to 10% by mass.

  The phosphorescence quantum yield can be measured by the method described in Spectroscopic II, page 398 (1992 edition, Maruzen) of Experimental Chemistry Course 4 of the 4th edition. Although the phosphorescence quantum yield in a solution can be measured using various solvents, the phosphorescence quantum yield used in the present invention is only required to achieve the phosphorescence quantum yield in any solvent.

  Next, the phosphorescent compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention will be described.

  In the phosphorescent compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention, HOMO is −5.15 to −3.50 eV and LUMO is −1.25 to +1.00 eV. Preferably, the HOMO is −4.80 to −3.50 eV and the LUMO is −0.80 to +1.00 eV.

In the phosphorescent compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention, examples of the substituent represented by R ₁ include an alkyl group (eg, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, tert-butyl group). Pentyl group, hexyl group, octyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group, tetradecyl group, pentadecyl group, etc.), cycloalkyl group (for example, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, etc.), alkenyl group (for example, vinyl group, allyl group, etc.) , Alkynyl groups (for example, ethynyl group, propargyl group, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbon ring groups (also called aromatic carbocyclic groups, aryl groups, etc.), for example, phenyl group, p-chlorophenyl group, mesityl group, tolyl group, xylyl Group, naphthyl group, anthryl group, azulenyl group, acenaphthenyl group, fluorenyl group, phenanthryl group, Ndenyl group, pyrenyl group, biphenylyl group, etc.), aromatic heterocyclic group (for example, pyridyl group, pyrimidinyl group, furyl group, pyrrolyl group, imidazolyl group, benzoimidazolyl group, pyrazolyl group, pyrazinyl group, triazolyl group (for example, 1, 2,4-triazol-1-yl group, 1,2,3-triazol-1-yl group, etc.), oxazolyl group, benzoxazolyl group, thiazolyl group, isoxazolyl group, isothiazolyl group, furazanyl group, thienyl group, A quinolyl group, a benzofuryl group, a dibenzofuryl group, a benzothienyl group, a dibenzothienyl group, an indolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a carbolinyl group, a diazacarbazolyl group (one of the carbon atoms constituting the carboline ring of the carbolinyl group is a nitrogen atom) Quinoxalinyl group) , Pyridazinyl group, triazinyl group, quinazolinyl group, phthalazinyl group, etc.), heterocyclic group (eg, pyrrolidyl group, imidazolidyl group, morpholyl group, oxazolidyl group, etc.), alkoxy group (eg, methoxy group, ethoxy group, propyloxy group, Pentyloxy group, hexyloxy group, octyloxy group, dodecyloxy group, etc.), cycloalkoxy group (eg, cyclopentyloxy group, cyclohexyloxy group, etc.), aryloxy group (eg, phenoxy group, naphthyloxy group, etc.), alkylthio Group (for example, methylthio group, ethylthio group, propylthio group, pentylthio group, hexylthio group, octylthio group, dodecylthio group, etc.), cycloalkylthio group (for example, cyclopentylthio group, cyclohexylthio group, etc.), arylthio group For example, phenylthio group, naphthylthio group, etc.), alkoxycarbonyl group (eg, methyloxycarbonyl group, ethyloxycarbonyl group, butyloxycarbonyl group, octyloxycarbonyl group, dodecyloxycarbonyl group, etc.), aryloxycarbonyl group (eg, Phenyloxycarbonyl group, naphthyloxycarbonyl group, etc.), sulfamoyl group (for example, aminosulfonyl group, methylaminosulfonyl group, dimethylaminosulfonyl group, butylaminosulfonyl group, hexylaminosulfonyl group, cyclohexylaminosulfonyl group, octylaminosulfonyl group) , Dodecylaminosulfonyl group, phenylaminosulfonyl group, naphthylaminosulfonyl group, 2-pyridylaminosulfonyl group, etc.), acyl group (for example, Cetyl, ethylcarbonyl, propylcarbonyl, pentylcarbonyl, cyclohexylcarbonyl, octylcarbonyl, 2-ethylhexylcarbonyl, dodecylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, naphthylcarbonyl, pyridylcarbonyl, etc.), acyloxy groups ( For example, acetyloxy group, ethylcarbonyloxy group, butylcarbonyloxy group, octylcarbonyloxy group, dodecylcarbonyloxy group, phenylcarbonyloxy group, etc.), amide group (for example, methylcarbonylamino group, ethylcarbonylamino group, dimethylcarbonyl) Amino group, propylcarbonylamino group, pentylcarbonylamino group, cyclohexylcarbonylamino group, 2-ethylhexylcarbonylamino group, octylca Sulfonylamino group, dodecylcarbonylamino group, phenylcarbonylamino group, naphthylcarbonylamino group, etc.), carbamoyl group (for example, aminocarbonyl group, methylaminocarbonyl group, dimethylaminocarbonyl group, propylaminocarbonyl group, pentylaminocarbonyl group, Cyclohexylaminocarbonyl group, octylaminocarbonyl group, 2-ethylhexylaminocarbonyl group, dodecylaminocarbonyl group, phenylaminocarbonyl group, naphthylaminocarbonyl group, 2-pyridylaminocarbonyl group, etc.), ureido group (for example, methylureido group, ethyl) Ureido group, pentylureido group, cyclohexylureido group, octylureido group, dodecylureido group, phenylureido group, naphthylureido group, 2-pi Diylaminoureido group, etc.), sulfinyl group (for example, methylsulfinyl group, ethylsulfinyl group, butylsulfinyl group, cyclohexylsulfinyl group, 2-ethylhexylsulfinyl group, dodecylsulfinyl group, phenylsulfinyl group, naphthylsulfinyl group, 2-pyridylsulfinyl group) Group), alkylsulfonyl group (for example, methylsulfonyl group, ethylsulfonyl group, butylsulfonyl group, cyclohexylsulfonyl group, 2-ethylhexylsulfonyl group, dodecylsulfonyl group, etc.), arylsulfonyl group or heteroarylsulfonyl group (for example, phenyl) Sulfonyl group, naphthylsulfonyl group, 2-pyridylsulfonyl group, etc.), amino group (for example, amino group, ethylamino group, dimethylamino group, butyl) Mino group, cyclopentylamino group, 2-ethylhexylamino group, dodecylamino group, anilino group, naphthylamino group, 2-pyridylamino group, etc.), cyano group, nitro group, hydroxy group, mercapto group, silyl group (for example, trimethylsilyl group) , Triisopropylsilyl group, triphenylsilyl group, phenyldiethylsilyl group, etc.).

  Of these substituents, preferred are an alkyl group and an aryl group.

  Z represents a nonmetallic atom group necessary for forming a 5- to 7-membered ring. Examples of the 5- to 7-membered ring formed by Z include a benzene ring, naphthalene ring, pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring, pyrrole ring, thiophene ring, pyrazole ring, imidazole ring, oxazole ring, and thiazole ring. Of these, a benzene ring is preferred.

B ₁ .about.B ₅ represents a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, at least one nitrogen atom. The aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocycle formed by these five atoms is preferably a monocycle. Examples include pyrrole ring, pyrazole ring, imidazole ring, triazole ring, tetrazole ring, oxazole ring, isoxazole ring, thiazole ring, isothiazole ring, oxadiazole ring, and thiadiazole ring. Among these, a pyrazole ring and an imidazole ring are preferable, and an imidazole ring is more preferable. These rings may be further substituted with the above substituents. Preferred as the substituent are an alkyl group and an aryl group, and more preferred are a substituted alkyl group and an unsubstituted aryl group.

L ₁ represents an atomic group that forms a bidentate ligand together with X ₁ and X ₂ . Specific examples of the bidentate ligand represented by X ₁ -L ₁ -X ₂ include, for example, substituted or unsubstituted phenylpyridine, phenylpyrazole, phenylimidazole, phenyltriazole, phenyltetrazole, pyrazabol, picolinic acid And acetylacetone.

  These groups may be further substituted with the above substituents.

  m1 represents an integer of 1, 2 or 3, m2 represents an integer of 0, 1 or 2, and m1 + m2 is 2 or 3. Especially, the case where m2 is 0 is preferable.

As the metal represented by M ₁ , a transition metal element of Group 8 to Group 10 of the periodic table (also simply referred to as a transition metal) is used, among which iridium and platinum are preferable, and iridium is more preferable.

  The phosphorescent compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention may or may not have a polymerizable group or a reactive group.

  Specific examples of the phosphorescent compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention are given below, but the present invention is not limited to these.

  These metal complexes are described in, for example, Organic Letter, vol. 16, 2579-2581 (2001), Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 30, No. 8, 1685-1687 (1991), J. Am. Am. Chem. Soc. , 123, 4304 (2001), Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 40, No. 7, 1704-1711 (2001), Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 41, No. 12, 3055-3066 (2002) , New Journal of Chemistry. 26, 1171 (2002), European Journal of Organic Chemistry, Vol. 4, pages 695-709 (2004), and further synthesized by applying methods such as references described in these documents. it can.

[Host compound]
In order to cause phosphorescence emission in blue, a particularly large excited triplet energy is required for the host compound. For this reason, the excited triplet energy of the hole transport material or the electron transport material contained in the adjacent layer of the light emitting layer is often smaller than the excited triplet energy of the host compound. In this case, energy transfer from the host compound to the material contained in the adjacent layer of the light-emitting layer is considered to cause a decrease in efficiency. In addition, since light is emitted from the material of the adjacent layer of the light emitting layer, there is a problem that color shift from the light emission of the original phosphorescent dopant occurs and color purity is reduced.

  In order to prevent energy transfer to the adjacent layer of the light emitting layer, a compound in which the excited triplet energy of the adjacent layer of the light emitting layer is larger than that of the host compound may be used. In such a device, the light emitting layer and the adjacent layer are used. It is thought that the potential barrier between and becomes larger and the efficiency becomes worse.

  As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that high efficiency, improved color purity, and long life can be achieved by constituting the light emitting layer from two or more host compounds. High efficiency and improved color purity were achieved by directing holes and electrons into the light-emitting layer to separate host compounds, thereby generating triplet excitons in the host compound and from the host compound to the adjacent layer. This is thought to be because the energy transfer to the substrate was suppressed, and not only the light emission from the host compound but also the light emission from the adjacent layer was suppressed. In addition, the long life could be achieved because the control organic EL element and the driving voltage were lowered due to the use of two types of host compounds to block the charge injection from the adjacent layer.

  In the present invention, two or more types of host compounds are contained, and the case where two types of host compounds are used will be described. In the case of the present invention, three forms (A) to (C) in FIG. 1 are conceivable. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing energy levels of two types of host compounds (host A and host B) in the light emitting layer. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the energy level of two types of host compounds (host A and host B) in the light emitting layer and the energy level of the adjacent layer. In FIG. 2, 1 represents a hole transport layer, 2 represents a light emitting layer, 3 represents a hole blocking layer, and 4 represents an electron transport layer.

  FIG. 1A shows a combination of host compounds in which one host compound (host B) is a compound in which both the HOMO energy level and the LUMO energy level are lower than the other host compound (host A). FIG. 1B shows a combination of host compounds having a difference only in the energy level of HOMO, and FIG. 1C shows a combination of host compounds having a difference only in the energy level of LUMO.

  In the present invention, the form of FIG. In the case of FIG. 1A, the energy level of the adjacent layer is defined as in FIG. 2, and holes flow from the hole transport layer 1 toward the host A in the light emitting layer 2 and from the hole blocking layer 3. In a configuration in which electrons flow into the host B in the light emitting layer 2, the radical cation is generated in the host A, and the radical anion is generated in the host B. That is, since radical cations and radical anions are generated on separate compounds, the rate of triplet excitons generated on one host compound can be reduced.

  The relationship between the phosphorescent dopant and the host compound according to the present invention is not particularly defined as long as the excited triplet energy of the host compound is larger than the excited triplet energy of the phosphorescent dopant. If the HOMO energy level of a compound having HOMO-H and the HOMO energy level of a dopant is HOMO-D, it is preferable that | HOMO-D | <| HOMO-H | When the LUMO energy level of a compound having a shallow LUMO is LUMO-H and the LUMO energy level of the dopant is LUMO-D, it is preferable that | LUMO-H | <| LUMO-D |.

More preferably, when the number of host compounds is two and the number of phosphorescent dopants is one, the two types of host compounds are host A and host B, respectively, and the HOMO and LUMO energy levels are HOMO-A. , HOMO-B (the same applies to LUMO), the energy levels of HOMO and LUMO of the phosphorescent dopant are
| LUMO-A | <| LUMO-D | <| LUMO-B |
｜ HOMO-A | <| HOMO-D | <| HOMO-B |
A configuration that satisfies this relationship is preferable (FIG. 3).

  In the case of a white element, two or three phosphorescent dopants may be doped in one light-emitting layer. However, when the number of host compounds is two or more, one type of host compound is used. Since the potential difference between each phosphorescent dopant and any one of the host compounds is smaller than that of the device, and the barrier for the flow of charges into the phosphorescent dopant is reduced, high efficiency can be achieved.

  The host compound is not particularly defined, but from the viewpoint of the stability of the compound, it is preferable that the excitation triplet energy of at least one host compound is 2.7 eV or more and 3.5 eV or less. More preferably, the excitation triplet energy of all the host compounds contained in the light emitting layer is 2.7 eV or more and 3.5 eV or less.

  The combination of two or more kinds of host compounds includes a case where an electron transporting compound and a hole transporting compound are included, or Gaussian 98 (Gaussian 98, Revision) which is a molecular orbital calculation software manufactured by the above-mentioned Gaussian. A.11.4, MJ Frisch, et al, Gaussian, Inc., Pittsburgh PA, 2002.), the difference between HOMO energy levels, and the difference between LUMO energy levels. It is preferable that at least one of is 0.1-2.0 eV.

  The host compound according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above conditions, and may be a conventionally known compound. Preferably, a carbazole derivative, an azacarbazole derivative, a boron compound derivative, or an oxadiazole derivative is used.

  Specific examples of known host compounds include compounds described in the following documents.

  JP-A-2001-257076, 2002-308855, 2001-313179, 2002-319491, 2001-357777, 2002-334786, 2002-8860, 2002-334787, 2002-15871, 2002-334788, 2002-43056, 2002-334789, 2002-75645, 2002-338579, 2002-105445 gazette, 2002-343568 gazette, 2002-141173 gazette, 2002-352957 gazette, 2002-203683 gazette, 2002-363227 gazette, 2002-231453 gazette, No. 003-3165, No. 2002-234888, No. 2003-27048, No. 2002-255934, No. 2002-286061, No. 2002-280183, No. 2002-299060, No. 2002. -302516, 2002-305083, 2002-305084, 2002-308837, and the like.

  Other specific examples of the host compound according to the present invention are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[Component layer of organic EL element]
The constituent layers of the organic EL element of the present invention will be described.

  In this invention, although the preferable specific example of the layer structure of an organic EL element is shown below, this invention is not limited to these.

(1) Anode / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / cathode (2) Anode / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / cathode (3) Anode / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / hole blocking layer / electron Transport layer / cathode (4) Anode / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / cathode buffer layer / cathode (5) Anode / anode buffer layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / hole Blocking layer / electron transport layer / cathode buffer layer / cathode The hole blocking layer is also referred to as a hole blocking layer, and is substantially composed of an electron transporting material. The layers may be composed of one layer.

〔anode〕
As the anode, an electrode material made of a metal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound or a mixture thereof having a high work function (4 eV or more) is preferably used. Specific examples of such electrode materials include metals such as Au, and conductive transparent materials such as CuI, indium tin oxide (ITO), SnO ₂ and ZnO.

Alternatively, an amorphous material such as IDIXO (In ₂ O ₃ —ZnO) capable of forming a transparent conductive film may be used. For the anode, a thin film may be formed by depositing these electrode materials by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering, and a pattern having a desired shape may be formed by a photolithography method, or when the pattern accuracy is not required (100 μm or more) Degree), a pattern may be formed through a mask having a desired shape when the electrode material is deposited or sputtered. When light emission is extracted from the anode, it is desirable that the transmittance is greater than 10%, and the sheet resistance as the anode is preferably several hundred Ω / □ or less. Further, although the film thickness depends on the material, it is usually selected in the range of 10 to 1000 nm, preferably 10 to 200 nm.

〔cathode〕
On the other hand, as the cathode, a material having a low work function (4 eV or less) metal (referred to as an electron injecting metal), an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, and a mixture thereof as an electrode material is used. Specific examples of such electrode materials include sodium, sodium-potassium alloy, magnesium, lithium, magnesium / copper mixture, magnesium / silver mixture, magnesium / aluminum mixture, magnesium / indium mixture, aluminum / aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ) Mixtures, indium, lithium / aluminum mixtures, rare earth metals and the like.

Among these, a mixture of an electron injecting metal and a second metal which is a stable metal having a larger work function value than this, such as a magnesium / silver mixture, magnesium, from the viewpoint of electron injectability and durability against oxidation, etc. / Aluminum mixtures, magnesium / indium mixtures, aluminum / aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ) mixtures, lithium / aluminum mixtures, aluminum and the like are preferred. The cathode can be produced by forming a thin film of these electrode materials by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering. The sheet resistance as the cathode is preferably several hundred Ω / □ or less, and the film thickness is usually selected in the range of 10 to 1000 nm, preferably 50 to 200 nm. In order to transmit light, if either one of the anode or the cathode of the organic EL element is transparent or translucent, the light emission luminance is improved, which is convenient.

  Next, an injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, etc. used as a constituent layer of the organic EL element of the present invention will be described.

[Injection layer]: Electron injection layer, hole injection layer An injection layer is provided as necessary, and includes an electron injection layer and a hole injection layer, and as described above, between the anode and the light emitting layer or the hole transport layer, and the cathode. Between the light emitting layer and the electron transport layer.

  An injection layer is a layer provided between an electrode and an organic layer in order to reduce drive voltage and improve light emission luminance. “Organic EL element and its forefront of industrialization (issued by NTT Corporation on November 30, 1998) 2), Chapter 2, “Electrode Materials” (pages 123 to 166) in detail, and includes a hole injection layer (anode buffer layer) and an electron injection layer (cathode buffer layer).

  The details of the anode buffer layer (hole injection layer) are described in JP-A-9-45479, JP-A-9-260062, JP-A-8-288069 and the like. As a specific example, copper phthalocyanine is used. Typical phthalocyanine buffer layer, oxide buffer layer typified by vanadium oxide, amorphous carbon buffer layer, polyaniline or polythiophene or those added with an ionic dopant (for example, Poly (3,4) ethylenedithiophene-polystyrenesulfonate ( And a polymer buffer layer using a conductive polymer such as PEDOT / PSS)).

  The details of the cathode buffer layer (electron injection layer) are described in JP-A-6-325871, JP-A-9-17574, JP-A-10-74586, and the like. Specifically, strontium, aluminum, etc. Metal buffer layer typified by lithium, alkali metal compound buffer layer typified by lithium fluoride, alkaline earth metal compound buffer layer typified by magnesium fluoride, oxide buffer layer typified by aluminum oxide, etc. .

  The buffer layer (injection layer) is preferably a very thin film, and the film thickness is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 100 nm, although it depends on the material.

[Blocking Layer]: Hole Blocking Layer, Electron Blocking Layer As described above, the blocking layer is provided as necessary in addition to the basic constituent layer of the organic compound thin film. For example, JP-A-11-204258, JP-A-11-204359, and “Organic EL devices and their forefront of industrialization” (issued on November 30, 1998 by NTS, Inc.), page 237, etc. There is a hole blocking layer.

  The hole blocking layer is an electron transport layer in a broad sense, and is made of a material that has a function of transporting electrons and has a very small ability to transport holes. By blocking holes while transporting electrons, And the recombination probability of holes can be improved.

  On the other hand, the electron blocking layer is a hole transport layer in a broad sense, made of a material that has a function of transporting holes and has a very small ability to transport electrons, and blocks electrons while transporting holes. Thus, the probability of recombination of electrons and holes can be improved.

  The hole transport layer is made of a material having a function of transporting holes, and in a broad sense, a hole injection layer and an electron blocking layer are also included in the hole transport layer.

  Each of the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer can be provided as a single layer or a plurality of layers.

[Light emitting layer]
The light emitting layer according to the present invention is a layer that emits light by recombination of electrons and holes injected from the electrode, the electron transport layer, or the hole transport layer, and the light emitting portion is in the layer of the light emitting layer. May be the interface between the light emitting layer and the adjacent layer.

  The light emitting layer can be formed by forming a film by a known thinning method such as a vacuum deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, or an LB method. Although the film thickness as a light emitting layer does not have a restriction | limiting in particular, Usually, it selects in the range of 5 nm-5 micrometers. This light-emitting layer may have a single-layer structure composed of two or more host compounds having an energy difference between the ground state and the excited triplet state of 2.7 eV or more and one or more phosphorescent dopants, or a plurality of layers. The laminated structure which consists of may be sufficient. In the case of a plurality of layers, it is sufficient that two or more host compounds having an energy difference between the ground state and the excited triplet state of 2.7 eV or more and one or more phosphorescent dopants are contained in one layer. May be used in duplicate.

(Hole transport layer)
The hole transport layer is made of a material having a function of transporting holes, and in a broad sense, a hole injection layer and an electron blocking layer are also included in the hole transport layer. The hole transport layer can be provided as a single layer or a plurality of layers.

  The hole transport material is not particularly limited, and is conventionally used as a charge injection / transport material for holes in an optical transmission material, or a well-known material used for a hole injection layer or a hole transport layer of an EL element. Any one can be selected and used.

  The hole transport material has one of hole injection or transport and electron barrier properties, and may be either organic or inorganic. For example, porphyrin derivatives, triphenylamine derivatives, phenylenediamine derivatives, fluorenone derivatives, hydrazone derivatives, stilbene derivatives, silazane derivatives, aniline copolymers, conductive polymer oligomers, particularly thiophene oligomers, and the like can be given.

  As the hole transport material, those described above can be used, but it is preferable to use a porphyrin compound, an aromatic tertiary amine compound and a styrylamine compound, particularly an aromatic tertiary amine compound.

  Representative examples of aromatic tertiary amine compounds and styrylamine compounds include N, N, N ′, N′-tetraphenyl-4,4′-diaminophenyl; N, N′-diphenyl-N, N′— Bis (3-methylphenyl)-[1,1′-biphenyl] -4,4′-diamine (TPD); 2,2-bis (4-di-p-tolylaminophenyl) propane; 1,1-bis (4-di-p-tolylaminophenyl) cyclohexane; N, N, N ′, N′-tetra-p-tolyl-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl; 1,1-bis (4-di-p-tolyl) Aminophenyl) -4-phenylcyclohexane; bis (4-dimethylamino-2-methylphenyl) phenylmethane; bis (4-di-p-tolylaminophenyl) phenylmethane; N, N'-diphenyl-N, N ' − (4-methoxyphenyl) -4,4'-diaminobiphenyl; N, N, N ', N'-tetraphenyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether; 4,4'-bis (diphenylamino) quadriphenyl; N, N, N-tri (p-tolyl) amine; 4- (di-p-tolylamino) -4 '-[4- (di-p-tolylamino) styryl] stilbene; 4-N, N-diphenylamino- (2-diphenylvinyl) benzene; 3-methoxy-4′-N, N-diphenylaminostilbenzene; N-phenylcarbazole, and two more described in US Pat. No. 5,061,569 Having a condensed aromatic ring of, for example, 4,4'-bis [N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino] biphenyl (NPD), JP-A-4-308 4,4 ', 4 "-tris [N- (3-methylphenyl) -N-phenylamino] triphenylamine in which three triphenylamine units described in Japanese Patent No. 88 are linked in a starburst type ( MTDATA) and the like.

  Furthermore, a polymer material in which these materials are introduced into a polymer chain or these materials are used as a polymer main chain can also be used.

  The hole transport layer can be formed by thinning the hole transport material by a known method such as a vacuum deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, an ink jet method, or an LB method. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular about the film thickness of a positive hole transport layer, Usually, it is about 5-5000 nm. This hole transport layer may have a single layer structure composed of one or more of the above materials.

(Electron transport layer)
The electron transport layer is made of a material having a function of transporting electrons, and in a broad sense, an electron injection layer and a hole blocking layer are also included in the electron transport layer. The electron transport layer can be provided as a single layer or a plurality of layers.

  Conventionally, when a single electron transport layer or a plurality of layers are used, the following materials are known as an electron transport material (also serving as a hole blocking material) used for an electron transport layer adjacent to the light emitting layer on the cathode side. And can be used in the present invention.

  Examples of common electron transport materials include nitro-substituted fluorene derivatives, diphenylquinone derivatives, thiopyran dioxide derivatives, heterocyclic tetracarboxylic anhydrides such as naphthalene perylene, carbodiimides, fluorenylidenemethane derivatives, anthraquinodimethane And anthrone derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives and the like.

  Furthermore, in the above oxadiazole derivative, a thiadiazole derivative in which the oxygen atom of the oxadiazole ring is substituted with a sulfur atom, and a quinoxaline derivative having a quinoxaline ring known as an electron withdrawing group can also be used as an electron transport material.

  Furthermore, a polymer material in which these materials are introduced into a polymer chain or these materials are used as a polymer main chain can also be used.

In addition, metal complexes of 8-quinolinol derivatives such as tris (8-quinolinol) aluminum (hereinafter, Alq ₃ ), tris (5,7-dichloro-8-quinolinol) aluminum, tris (5,7-dibromo-8-quinolinol) ) Aluminum, tris (2-methyl-8-quinolinol) aluminum, tris (5-methyl-8-quinolinol) aluminum, bis (8-quinolinol) zinc (Znq), and the like, and the central metal of these metal complexes is In, Metal complexes replaced with Mg, Cu, Ca, Sn, Ga or Pb can also be used as the electron transport material. In addition, metal-free or metal phthalocyanine, or those having terminal ends substituted with an alkyl group or a sulfonic acid group can be preferably used as the electron transporting material.

In the present invention bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinol) phenylphenol aluminum (BAlq), and more preferably when using a Alq _3.

[Substrate (also referred to as substrate, substrate, support, etc.)]
The substrate used in the organic EL device of the present invention is not particularly limited in the type of glass, plastic and the like, and is not particularly limited as long as it is transparent. Examples of the substrate preferably used include glass, Examples thereof include quartz and a light-transmitting resin film. A particularly preferable substrate is a resin film that can give flexibility to the organic EL element.

  Examples of the resin film include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethersulfone (PES), polyetherimide, polyetheretherketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylate, polyimide, polycarbonate (PC), and cellulose triacetate. Examples thereof include films made of (TAC), cellulose acetate propionate (CAP) and the like.

  An inorganic or organic coating or a hybrid coating of both may be formed on the surface of the resin film.

  Further, a hue improving filter such as a color filter may be used in combination.

  A suitable example for producing the organic EL device of the present invention will be described.

[Method for producing organic EL element]
As an example of the method for producing the organic EL device of the present invention, a method for producing an organic EL device comprising an anode / hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer / cathode will be described.

  First, a thin film made of a desired electrode material, for example, an anode material is formed on a suitable substrate by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering so as to have a film thickness of 1 μm or less, preferably 10 to 200 nm, thereby producing an anode. To do. Next, an organic compound thin film of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and a hole blocking layer, which are organic EL element materials, is formed thereon.

As a method for thinning the organic compound thin film, there are a vapor deposition method and a wet process (spin coating method, casting method, ink jet method, printing method) as described above, but it is easy to obtain a uniform film and a pinhole. From the point of being difficult to form, a vacuum deposition method, a spin coating method, an ink jet method, and a printing method are particularly preferable. Further, different film forming methods may be applied for each layer. When employing a vapor deposition method for film formation, the vapor deposition conditions vary depending on the type of compound used, but generally a boat heating temperature of 50 to 450 ° C., a vacuum degree of 10 ⁻⁶ to 10 ⁻² Pa, and a vapor deposition rate of 0.01 It is desirable to select appropriately within a range of ˜50 nm / second, a substrate temperature of −50 to 300 ° C., and a film thickness of 0.1 nm to 5 μm, preferably 5 to 200 nm.

  After forming these layers, a thin film made of a cathode material is formed thereon by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering so as to have a film thickness of 1 μm or less, preferably in the range of 50 to 200 nm, and a cathode is provided. Thus, a desired organic EL element can be obtained. The organic EL element is preferably produced from the hole injection layer to the cathode consistently by a single evacuation, but may be taken out halfway and subjected to different film forming methods. At that time, it is necessary to consider that the work is performed in a dry inert gas atmosphere.

[Display device]
The multicolor display device of the present invention is provided with a shadow mask only when the light emitting layer is formed, and the other layers are common, so that patterning of the shadow mask or the like is unnecessary, and the evaporation method, the casting method, the spin coating method, the ink jet method on one side. A film can be formed by a method or a printing method.

  When patterning is performed only on the light-emitting layer, the method is not limited, but a vapor deposition method, an inkjet method, and a printing method are preferable. In the case of using a vapor deposition method, patterning using a shadow mask is preferable.

  In addition, it is also possible to reverse the production order and produce the cathode, the electron injection layer, the electron transport layer, the light emitting layer, the hole transport layer, the hole injection layer, and the anode in this order. When a DC voltage is applied to the multicolor display device thus obtained, light emission can be observed by applying a voltage of about 2 to 40 V with the positive polarity of the anode and the negative polarity of the cathode. An alternating voltage may be applied. The alternating current waveform to be applied may be arbitrary.

  The display device of the present invention can be used as a display device, a display, and various light emission sources. In a display device or display, full-color display is possible by using three types of organic EL elements of blue, red, and green light emission.

  Examples of the display device and display include a television, a personal computer, a mobile device, an AV device, a character broadcast display, and an information display in an automobile. In particular, it may be used as a display device for reproducing still images and moving images, and the driving method when used as a display device for reproducing moving images may be either a simple matrix (passive matrix) method or an active matrix method.

[Lighting device]
The lighting device of the present invention includes home lighting, interior lighting, clock and liquid crystal backlights, billboard advertisements, traffic lights, light sources of optical storage media, light sources of electrophotographic copying machines, light sources of optical communication processors, light sensors Although a light source etc. are mentioned, it is not limited to this.

  Moreover, you may use as an organic EL element which gave the organic EL element of this invention the resonator structure. Examples of the purpose of use of the organic EL element having such a resonator structure include a light source of an optical storage medium, a light source of an electrophotographic copying machine, a light source of an optical communication processing machine, and a light source of an optical sensor. It is not limited. Moreover, you may use for the said use by making a laser oscillation.

  The organic EL element of the present invention may be used as one kind of lamp for illumination or exposure light source, a projection device for projecting an image, or a display for directly viewing a still image or a moving image. It may be used as a device (display). A driving method when used as a display device for reproducing a moving image may be a simple matrix (passive matrix) method or an active matrix method. Moreover, it is possible to produce a full-color display device by using three or more organic EL elements of the present invention having different emission colors. Also, it is possible to make one color emission color, for example, white emission, into BGR by using a color filter to achieve full color. Furthermore, it is possible to convert the emission color of the organic EL to another color by using a color conversion filter, and in this case, λmax of the organic EL emission is preferably 480 nm or less.

  An example of a display device composed of organic EL elements will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a display device including organic EL elements. It is a schematic diagram of a display such as a mobile phone that displays image information by light emission of an organic EL element. The display 10 includes a display unit A having a plurality of pixels, a control unit B that performs image scanning of the display unit A based on image information, and the like. The control unit B is electrically connected to the display unit A, and sends a scanning signal and an image data signal to each of the plurality of pixels based on image information from the outside. The pixels for each scanning line are converted into image data signals by the scanning signal. In response to this, light is sequentially emitted and image scanning is performed to display image information on the display unit A.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the display unit A. The display unit A includes a wiring unit including a plurality of scanning lines 5 and data lines 6, a plurality of pixels 3 and the like on a substrate. The main members of the display unit A will be described below. FIG. 5 shows a case where the light emitted from the pixel 8 is extracted in the direction of the white arrow (downward). The scanning lines 5 and the plurality of data lines 6 in the wiring portion are each made of a conductive material, and the scanning lines 5 and the data lines 6 are orthogonal to each other in a lattice shape and are connected to the pixels 8 at the orthogonal positions (details are shown in the figure). Not shown). When a scanning signal is applied from the scanning line 5, the pixel 8 receives an image data signal from the data line 6 and emits light according to the received image data. Full color display is possible by appropriately arranging pixels in the red region, the green region, and the blue region that emit light on the same substrate.

  Next, the light emission process of the pixel will be described.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a pixel. The pixel includes an organic EL element 14, a switching transistor 11, a driving transistor 12, a capacitor 13, and the like. A full color display can be performed by using red, green, and blue light emitting organic EL elements as the organic EL elements 10 in a plurality of pixels, and juxtaposing them on the same substrate.

  In FIG. 6, an image data signal is applied to the drain of the switching transistor 11 from the control unit B (not shown) via the data line 6. When a scanning signal is applied from the control unit B (not shown) to the gate of the switching transistor 11 via the scanning line 5, the driving of the switching transistor 11 is turned on, and the image data signal applied to the drain is converted into a capacitor. 13 and the gate of the driving transistor 12 are transmitted. By transmitting the image data signal, the capacitor 13 is charged according to the potential of the image data signal, and the drive of the drive transistor 12 is turned on. The drive transistor 12 has a drain connected to the power supply line 7 and a source connected to the electrode of the organic EL element 14. The drive transistor 12 is connected to the organic EL element 14 from the power supply line 7 according to the potential of the image data signal applied to the gate. Current is supplied.

  When the scanning signal moves to the next scanning line 5 by the sequential scanning of the control unit B (not shown), the driving of the switching transistor 11 is turned off. However, even if the driving of the switching transistor 11 is turned off, the capacitor 13 maintains the potential of the charged image data signal, so that the driving of the driving transistor 12 is kept on and the next scanning signal is applied. Until then, the light emission of the organic EL element 10 continues. When a scanning signal is next applied by sequential scanning, the drive transistor 12 is driven according to the potential of the next image data signal synchronized with the scanning signal, and the organic EL element 14 emits light. That is, the organic EL element 14 emits light by providing the switching transistor 11 and the drive transistor 12 which are active elements with respect to the organic EL element 14 of each of the plurality of pixels, and the light emission of the organic EL element 10 of each of the plurality of pixels 8. It is carried out. Such a light emitting method is called an active matrix method.

  Here, the light emission of the organic EL element 14 may be light emission of a plurality of gradations by a multi-value image data signal having a plurality of gradation potentials, or on / off of a predetermined light emission amount by a binary image data signal. But you can. The potential of the capacitor 13 may be held continuously until the next scanning signal is applied, or may be discharged immediately before the next scanning signal is applied.

  In the present invention, not only the active matrix method described above, but also a passive matrix light emission drive in which the organic EL element emits light according to the data signal only when the scanning signal is scanned.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a passive matrix display device. In FIG. 9, a plurality of scanning lines 5 and a plurality of image data lines 6 are provided in a lattice shape so as to face each other with a pixel 8 interposed therebetween.

  When the scanning signal of the scanning line 5 is applied by sequential scanning, the pixels 3 connected to the applied scanning line 5 emit light according to the image data signal. In the passive matrix system, the pixel 8 has no active element, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  The organic EL material according to the present invention can also be applied to an organic EL element that emits substantially white light as a lighting device. A plurality of light emitting colors are simultaneously emitted by a plurality of light emitting materials to obtain white light emission by color mixing. The combination of a plurality of emission colors may include three emission maximum wavelengths of the three primary colors of blue, green, and blue, or two using the relationship of complementary colors such as blue and yellow, blue green and orange, etc. The thing containing the light emission maximum wavelength may be used.

  In addition, a combination of light emitting materials for obtaining a plurality of emission colors includes a combination of a plurality of phosphorescent or fluorescent materials (light emitting dopants), a light emitting material that emits fluorescent or phosphorescent light, and the light emission. Any combination of a dye material that emits light from the material as excitation light may be used, but in the white organic EL device according to the present invention, a method of combining a plurality of light-emitting dopants is preferable.

  As a layer structure of the organic EL element for obtaining a plurality of emission colors, a method of having a plurality of emission dopants in one emission layer, a plurality of emission layers, and an emission wavelength of each emission layer. Examples thereof include a method in which different dopants are present, and a method in which minute pixels that emit light at different wavelengths are formed in a matrix.

  In the white organic EL element, patterning may be performed by a metal mask, an inkjet printing method, or the like at the time of film formation, if necessary. When patterning, only the electrode may be patterned, the electrode and the light emitting layer may be patterned, or the entire element layer may be patterned.

  The light emitting material used for the light emitting layer is not particularly limited. For example, in the case of a backlight in a liquid crystal display element, the platinum complex according to the present invention is adapted so as to be adapted to the wavelength range corresponding to the CF (color filter) characteristics, Any one of known luminescent materials may be selected and combined to whiten.

  As described above, the organic EL element of the present invention that emits white light is used as a kind of lamp such as home lighting, interior lighting, and exposure light source as various light emitting light sources and lighting devices in addition to the display device and display. It is also useful for display devices such as backlights for liquid crystal display devices. In addition, backlights for watches, signboard advertisements, traffic lights, light sources for optical storage media, light sources for electrophotographic copying machines, light sources for optical communication processors, light sources for optical sensors, etc. There are a wide range of uses such as household appliances.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited to these. Unless otherwise specified, “%” in the examples represents “mass%”.

Example 1
(Preparation of organic EL element 1-1)
Transparent support provided with this ITO transparent electrode after patterning on a substrate (NH45 manufactured by NH Techno Glass) made of ITO (indium tin oxide) with a thickness of 100 nm on a glass substrate of 100 mm × 100 mm × 1.1 mm as an anode The substrate was ultrasonically cleaned with isopropyl alcohol, dried with dry nitrogen gas, and subjected to UV ozone cleaning for 5 minutes. This transparent support substrate is fixed to a substrate holder of a commercially available vacuum evaporation apparatus, while 200 mg of m-MTDATXA is put into a molybdenum resistance heating boat, and 200 mg of H-67 is put into another molybdenum resistance heating boat. 200 mg H-69 is put into a resistance heating boat, 100 mg of compound 1-1 is put into another resistance heating boat made of molybdenum, 200 mg of HB-1 is put into another resistance heating boat made of molybdenum, and another resistance heating made of molybdenum is added. 200 mg of Alq ₃ was placed in a boat and attached to a vacuum deposition apparatus.

The vacuum chamber is then depressurized to 4 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa, heated by energizing the heating boat containing m-MTDATXA, and deposited on a transparent support substrate at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec. A layer was provided.

Further, the heating boat containing H-67, the heating boat containing H-69, and the heating boat containing compound 1-1 were further energized and heated, respectively, and the deposition rate was 0.1 nm / sec. A 30 nm light emitting layer was provided by co-evaporation on the hole transport layer at 1 nm / sec and 0.006 nm / sec. Further, the heating boat containing HB-1 was energized and heated, and was deposited on the light emitting layer at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec to provide a 10 nm thick hole blocking layer, and further Alq ₃ was contained. The heating boat was energized and heated, and deposited on the hole blocking layer at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec to provide an electron transport layer having a thickness of 25 nm. In addition, the substrate temperature at the time of vapor deposition was room temperature.

  Then, 0.5 nm of lithium fluoride was vapor-deposited as a cathode buffer layer, and also aluminum 110nm was vapor-deposited, the cathode was formed, and the organic EL element 1-1 was produced.

(Preparation of organic EL elements 1-2 to 1-10)
In the production of the organic EL device 1-1, organic EL devices 1-2 to 1 were similarly performed except that H-67 and H-69, which are host compounds of the light emitting layer, were changed to the compounds shown in Table 1, respectively. -10 was produced.

Example 2
(Preparation of organic EL element 2-1)
Transparent support provided with this ITO transparent electrode after patterning on a substrate (NH45 manufactured by NH Techno Glass) made of ITO (indium tin oxide) with a thickness of 100 nm on a glass substrate of 100 mm × 100 mm × 1.1 mm as an anode The substrate was ultrasonically cleaned with isopropyl alcohol, dried with dry nitrogen gas, and subjected to UV ozone cleaning for 5 minutes. This transparent support substrate is fixed to a substrate holder of a commercially available vacuum deposition apparatus, while 200 mg of α-NPD is put in a molybdenum resistance heating boat, and 200 mg of H-67 is put in another resistance heating boat made of molybdenum. 200 mg of H-69 is put into a resistance heating boat, 100 mg of Compound 1-1 is put into another resistance heating boat made of molybdenum, 200 mg of H-72 is put into another resistance heating boat made of molybdenum, and another resistance heating boat made of molybdenum 200 mg of BAlq was put in and attached to a vacuum deposition apparatus.

The vacuum chamber is then depressurized to 4 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa, heated by energizing the heating boat containing α-NPD, and deposited on a transparent support substrate at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec to transport 100 nm holes. A layer was provided.

  Further, the heating boat containing H-67, the heating boat containing H-69, and the heating boat containing compound 1-1 were further energized and heated, respectively, and the deposition rate was 0.1 nm / sec. A 40 nm light emitting layer was provided by co-evaporation on the hole transport layer at 1 nm / sec and 0.006 nm / sec. Further, the heating boat containing H-72 was energized and heated, and was deposited on the light emitting layer at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec to provide a hole blocking layer having a thickness of 10 nm, and further the BAlq contained. A heating boat was energized and heated, and deposited on the hole blocking layer at a deposition rate of 0.1 nm / sec to provide an electron transport layer having a thickness of 20 nm. In addition, the substrate temperature at the time of vapor deposition was room temperature.

  Then, 0.5 nm of lithium fluoride was vapor-deposited as a cathode buffer layer, and also aluminum 110nm was vapor-deposited, the cathode was formed, and the organic EL element 2-1 was produced.

(Preparation of organic EL elements 2-1 to 2-15)
In the production of the organic EL element 2-1, the organic EL elements 2-2 and 2 were similarly obtained except that H-67 and H-70, which are host compounds of the light emitting layer, were changed to the compounds shown in Table 2, respectively. -15 was produced.

  FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the produced stacked organic EL element.

(Evaluation of organic EL elements)
The following evaluation was performed about the obtained organic EL element.

<Luminescent life>
When driving at a constant current of ^2.5 mA / cm ² , the time required for the luminance to drop to half of the luminance immediately after the start of light emission (initial luminance) was measured, and this was calculated as the half-life time (τ 0.5). As an index of life. In Table 3, the half-life of the light emission luminance is expressed as a relative value with the half-life of the organic EL element 2-13 as 100 in Table 3 and the organic EL element 2-13 in Table 4. For the measurement, a spectral radiance meter CS-1000 (manufactured by Konica Minolta) was used.

<Brightness>
The emission luminance when a constant current of ^2.5 mA / cm ² was applied was measured using a spectral radiance meter CS-1000 (manufactured by Konica Minolta). The emission luminance in Table 3 is the organic EL element 1-2, In Table 4, it represented with the relative value when the light-emitting luminance of the organic EL element 2-13 is set to 100.

<Drive voltage>
The drive voltage was expressed as a relative value when the drive voltage of the organic EL element 1-2 when the brightness was 50 [cd / m ² ] was 100 and the brightness was the same.

  Tables 3 and 4 show the results obtained as described above.

  From Tables 3 and 4, it is clear that the organic EL element of the present invention is superior in both emission luminance and emission lifetime and also has a lower driving voltage than the comparative organic EL element. It is clear that by using two types of host compounds within the scope of the claims of the present invention, the HOMO energy level and the LUMO energy level of the phosphorescent compound exhibit excellent performance in both emission luminance and emission lifetime. It is.

Example 3
(Invention: Production and Evaluation of Organic EL Element 3-1)
Similar to Example 1, on a glass substrate 1 on which ITO was formed as a transparent anode, a hole transport layer 3 having a thickness of 55 nm, a light emitting layer 4 having a thickness of 30 nm, a BAlq having a thickness of 10 nm as a hole blocking layer, an electron 40 nm thick Alq ₃ was sequentially stacked as the transport layer 5, 0.5 nm thick lithium fluoride was stacked as the cathode buffer layer 6, and 100 nm thick aluminum was stacked as the cathode 7. The hole transport layer 3 was formed by sequentially stacking 40 nm m-MTDATA as the first hole transport layer and 15 nm thick m-MTDATXA as the second hole transport layer. The light-emitting layer 4 is formed by co-evaporation in order from the anode side to a layer 15 nm doped with 3% blue phosphorescent compound 1-1 with respect to H-67 and H-68, and 5 nm H-67 as an intermediate layer. A 10 nm layer three-layer film doped with 8% red phosphorescent compound PL-22 with respect to layers H-73 and H-68 was used. When a positive voltage of about 3 V or higher was applied to the produced organic EL element with respect to the ITO electrode, light emission from each phosphorescent material was obtained, and white light emission with high luminance and high efficiency was obtained. When a constant current of ^2.5 mA / cm ² was applied, the luminance was 560 cd, and the external extraction quantum efficiency was about 15% at maximum, which was an extremely high value.

(Comparative example: Preparation and evaluation of organic EL element 3-2)
In the production of the organic EL element 3-1, the organic EL element 3-2 was produced in the same manner except that H-68 was not added to the host compound, but the light emission when a constant current of ^2.5 mA / cm ² was applied. The luminance was 340 cd, and the external extraction quantum efficiency was about 10% at the maximum.

  Table 5 shows the HOMO energy levels, LUMO energy levels, and excited triplet energies of the host compounds used in Examples 1 to 3. Table 6 shows the HOMO energy levels and LUMO energy levels of the dopant compounds used in Examples 1 to 3.

Example 4
The non-light-emitting surface of the organic EL element 3-1 was covered with a glass case to obtain a lighting device. The illuminating device can be used as a thin illuminating device that emits white light with high emission luminance and power efficiency and a long lifetime. FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the lighting device, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device.

It is a figure showing the energy level of two types of host compounds (host A and host B) in a light emitting layer. It is a figure showing the energy level of two types of host compounds (host A and host B) in a light emitting layer. It is a figure showing the energy level of two types of host compounds (host A and host B) in a light emitting layer. It is the schematic diagram which showed an example of the display apparatus comprised from an organic EL element. It is a schematic diagram of a display part. It is a schematic diagram of a pixel. It is a schematic diagram of a passive matrix type full-color display device. It is the schematic of a laminated organic EL element. It is the schematic of an illuminating device. It is sectional drawing of an illuminating device.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hole transport layer 2 Light emitting layer 3 Hole blocking layer 4 Electron transport layer 5 Scan line 6 Data line 7 Power line 8 Pixel 10 Display 11 Switching transistor 12 Drive transistor 13 Capacitor 14 Organic EL element 21 Glass substrate 22 Transparent anode 23 Positive Hole transport layer 24 Light emitting layer 25 Hole blocking (hole blocking) and electron transport layer 26 Cathode buffer layer 27 Cathode A Display unit B Control unit 102 Glass cover 106 Organic EL layer 107 Glass substrate with transparent electrode 108 Nitrogen gas 109 Water capture Agent

Claims (8)

In an organic electroluminescence device having at least one light emitting layer containing two or more host compounds and one or more phosphorescent compounds,
At least one of the phosphorescent compounds is a compound represented by the following general formula (1) , wherein the HOMO is −5.15 to −3.50 eV and the LUMO is −1.25 to +1.00 eV. Yes,
At least two of the host compounds are a carbazole compound, a triarylamine compound, or a dibenzofuran compound.

[Wherein R ₁ represents a substituent. Z represents a nonmetallic atom group necessary for forming a 5- to 7-membered ring. n1 represents the integer of 0-5. The ring represented by B _{1 to} B ₅ represents an imidazole ring or a pyrazole ring, and M ₁ represents a group 8 to group 10 metal in the periodic table. X ₁ and X _{2 each} represent a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or an oxygen atom, and L ₁ represents an atomic group that forms a bidentate ligand together with X ₁ and X ₂ . m1 represents an integer of 1, 2 or 3, m2 represents an integer of 0, 1 or 2, and m1 + m2 is 2 or 3. ]   In the said General formula (1), Z represents the nonmetallic atom group required in order to form a benzene ring, a pyridine ring, a thiazole ring, a pyrimidine ring, or a thiophene ring, The organic electro of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Luminescence element. In Formula (1), an organic electroluminescence device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that M ₁ is Ir or Pt.   In the said General formula (1), m2 is 0, The organic electroluminescent element of any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The organic electroluminescence element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the organic electroluminescence element emits white light.   A display device comprising the organic electroluminescence element according to claim 1.   An illuminating device comprising the organic electroluminescent element according to claim 1.   A display device comprising: the lighting device according to claim 7; and a liquid crystal element as display means.

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