JP5225638B2 - SOUND ABSORBING STRUCTURE FOR BUILDING, BUILDING WITH THE SAME, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SOUND ABSORBING STRUCTURE - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a sound absorbing structure capable of suppressing sound from propagating to an upper floor space or a lower floor space through a staircase space, a building including the sound absorbing structure, and a method for manufacturing the sound absorbing structure.

  2. Description of the Related Art In a building such as a house, a structure in which a decorative sound absorbing board as shown in Patent Document 1 is applied to a floor, a wall, or a ceiling is known. In this case, sound generated in the indoor space is absorbed by a decorative sound absorbing plate provided on the floor, wall, ceiling, or the like, and is prevented from leaking outside.

Here, in a multi-storey building, a stairs for ascending and descending to each space on the upper and lower floors is generally provided. In this case, the sound generated in the upper floor space may propagate to the lower floor space or the sound generated in the lower floor space may propagate to the upper floor space through the space provided with the stairs. . In particular, in a building where a living room space such as a living room in a lower floor space is provided with upper and lower floor atrium spaces and stairs are provided in the atrium space, the sound generated in the living room space is directly propagated to the upper floor space. In addition, the sound generated in the upper floor space is directly transmitted to the living room space.
JP 2000-141582 A

  In order to solve the above problem, a configuration in which the above-described decorative sound absorbing plate is applied to the wall or ceiling of the staircase space is conceivable. However, since the above-mentioned makeup sound-absorbing board is installed on the wall or ceiling surface on the indoor side, it is not preferable in terms of interior design if the above-mentioned makeup sound-absorbing board is installed only on a part of the wall or ceiling of the staircase space, If the above-described decorative sound-absorbing plate is installed on the entire wall or ceiling of the staircase space, the cost becomes high. Furthermore, when applying the above-described decorative sound-absorbing board, the range of selection for the interior design of the building is narrowed.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a sound absorbing structure capable of satisfactorily suppressing sound from propagating to an upper floor space or a lower floor space through a staircase space in a multi-storey building, and a building including the same And it aims at providing the manufacturing method of a sound-absorbing structure.

  Hereinafter, means and the like effective for solving the above-described problems will be described while showing functions and effects as necessary. In the following, in order to facilitate understanding, a corresponding configuration example in the embodiment of the invention is appropriately shown in parentheses, etc., but is not limited to the specific configuration shown in parentheses.

  The sound absorbing structure of the present invention includes upper and lower floor spaces (first floor space 12, second floor space 13) and a stair space (stair space 14) in which stairs for ascending and descending to each floor space are installed. Applicable to a building (two-storey unit type building 10), either the staircase (stairs unit 20) or the staircase waist wall (step waist walls 61, 71) provided so as to partition the staircase space The surface of the staircase space constituting body is formed and has a ventilation plate portion (the kick plate 23 and the waist wall side plates 62a and 62b) having a ventilation function, and is incorporated in the staircase space constitution body and enters through the ventilation plate portion. And a sound absorbing space (internal spaces 26, 42, 65, 72) for absorbing the noise.

  According to this structure, the sound generated in one of the lower floor space or the upper floor space and propagated to the staircase space is absorbed in the sound absorbing space by entering the sound absorbing space through the ventilation plate portion. Thereby, it is suppressed that the sound generated in the upper floor space propagates to the lower floor space and the sound generated in the lower floor space propagates to the upper floor space through the staircase space. In addition, sound generated when moving up and down the stairs can be absorbed in the sound absorbing space. In particular, in this configuration, since the sound absorbing structure is provided by using the sound absorbing space built in the staircase structure, the above-mentioned excellent effect can be obtained by effectively using the dead space of the building, and further, makeup The sound absorbing structure can be provided without narrowing the selection range for the interior design as compared with the configuration in which the sound absorbing plate is provided.

  As a specific configuration for absorbing sound in the sound absorbing space, a configuration in which a sound absorbing material (sound absorbing materials 29 and 68) is installed in the sound absorbing space can be considered. In this case, the above-described excellent effect can be obtained with a relatively simple configuration.

  You may apply the structure which installs a sound-absorbing material as mentioned above to the stair which has a several tread board (tread board 21) and the kick board (kick board 23) provided between each tread board. In this case, the ventilation plate portion is used as the kick plate, and further provided with a partition (gypsum board 25) that is installed on the back side of the step plate and the kick plate and forms the sound absorbing space together with the step plate and the kick plate. It is good also as a structure. By adopting this configuration, a sound absorbing structure is provided to the staircase, and the sound absorbing structure is provided by effectively using a dead space in the staircase.

  In addition, as a specific structure which gives a ventilation function to a kick board, the structure which forms the through-hole part (slit 27) penetrated in a board thickness direction to a kick board can be considered. In this configuration, a configuration in which the through-hole portion is formed on the tread is also assumed. However, in this case, the through-hole portion may become an obstacle when the stairs are raised and lowered, and further, dust, dust, or the like is present in the through-hole portion. It becomes easy to enter. On the other hand, the inconvenience as described above does not occur by forming the through hole in the kick plate.

  In addition, when applying a sound absorbing structure to a building in which a room (room 33) is formed below the stairs, the partition portion is installed so as to be located across a plurality of steps of the stairs, and the room is It is good also as what comprises the partition wall for partitioning. According to this structure, a partition part is multi-functionalized and a sound absorption space can be formed with a comparatively simple structure.

  In addition, a side plate (side plate 22) that supports the tread plate and the kick plate on the side thereof is provided, and the partition portion is disposed so as to be positioned over a plurality of steps of the staircase, and the side plate In the configuration fixed to the fixing base (fixing tree base 24) provided in the sheet, the sound absorbing material is formed into a sheet shape, and the sound absorbing material is further connected to at least one of the partition portion or the fixing base. It may be installed so as to be positioned over a plurality of steps of the staircase in the sound absorption space. According to this configuration, it is not necessary to attach the sound absorbing material individually to each step of the stairs, and the workability of the installation work of the sound absorbing material can be improved.

  The configuration in which the sound absorbing material is installed as described above is the first plate portion (first waist wall side plate 62a) that forms the side surface on the staircase side and the staircase side that is provided apart from the first plate portion. You may apply to the staircase waist wall (staircase waist wall 61) which has the 2nd board part (2nd waist wall side board 62b) which forms the opposite side surface. In this case, the ventilation plate portion may be at least one of the first plate portion or the second plate portion, and the sound absorbing space may be formed between the first plate portion and the second plate portion. . By adopting this configuration, a sound absorbing structure is imparted to the staircase waist wall, and the sound absorbing structure is imparted using the dead space in the staircase waist wall effectively.

  The first plate portion and the second plate portion are installed so as to be parallel to each other, and the first plate portion is formed to penetrate in the plate thickness direction (first through hole portion (first The second through-hole portion (second slit) formed so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction, the first through-hole portion having the ventilation function. 67), and the second through-hole portion has the ventilation function, the first through-hole portion and the second through-hole portion are formed so as not to line up in the thickness direction of the staircase waist wall. It is preferable to do. According to this configuration, since the first through-hole portion is formed in the first plate portion and the second through-hole portion is formed in the second plate portion, the opportunity for sound to enter the sound absorbing space is increased. , Sound absorption can be performed effectively. In addition, by setting the positional relationship between the first through-hole portion and the second through-hole portion so as not to line up in the thickness direction of the staircase waist wall, the first through-hole portion and the second through-hole portion are provided. In a configuration that increases the chance of sound entering the sound absorbing space, light in the lower floor space or upper floor space enters the staircase space through the first and second through holes, and light in the staircase space passes through the first and second through holes. It is possible to prevent entry into the lower floor space or the upper floor space through the hole.

  Incidentally, in the configuration in which the ventilation plate portion has a through-hole portion formed so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction as described above, and the ventilation function is provided by the through-hole portion, the ventilation plate portion is formed on the back surface of the ventilation plate portion. In addition, a breathable sheet material (breathable sheet material 28) that allows passage of sound that has entered through the through-hole portion and suppresses entry of foreign matter into the sound-absorbing space through the through-hole portion may be installed. . In this case, it is possible to suppress dust, dust, insects, or the like from entering the sound absorbing space through the through hole.

  As a specific configuration for absorbing sound in the sound absorbing space, the following configuration can be considered in addition to the configuration in which the sound absorbing material is installed. That is, the ventilation plate portion has a through-hole portion (slit 27, circular holes 75, 76) formed so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction, and the ventilation function is provided by the through-hole portion. In the above, the sound absorbing space may be configured to form a resonance space for absorbing sound by resonating a sound of a specific frequency together with the through hole portion. In this case, it is possible to absorb the sound propagated to the staircase space without installing a special member for sound absorption such as a sound absorbing material.

  The configuration for forming the resonance space as described above may be applied to a staircase having a plurality of treads (treads 21) and kick plates (kick plates 23) provided between the treads. In this case, the ventilation plate portion is used as the kick plate, and further provided with a partition portion (partition plate 41) that is installed on the back side of the tread plate and the kick plate and forms the resonance space together with the tread plate and the kick plate. It is good also as a structure. By adopting this configuration, a sound absorbing structure is provided to the staircase, and the sound absorbing structure is provided by effectively using a dead space in the staircase.

  In addition, when applying a sound absorbing structure to a building in which a room (room 33) is formed below the stairs, the partition portion is installed so as to be located across a plurality of steps of the stairs, and the room is It is good also as what comprises the partition wall for partitioning. According to this configuration, the partition portion is multifunctional, and the resonance space can be formed with a relatively simple configuration.

  Further, the first resonance space and the second resonance space are individually formed for each of the first kick plate and the second kick plate constituting different stages, and the specific frequency of the first resonance space is formed. It is preferable to form the first resonance space and the second resonance space so that the specific frequency of the second resonance space is different from that of the second resonance space. According to this configuration, it is possible to absorb sound having a plurality of patterns of frequencies, and the sound absorption can be favorably performed.

  In addition, a first resonance space and a second resonance space are individually formed for each of the first through hole portion and the second through hole portion formed in one kick plate, and the first resonance space Preferably, the first resonance space and the second resonance space are formed so that the specific frequency and the specific frequency of the second resonance space are different. Also with this configuration, it is possible to absorb sound having a plurality of patterns of frequencies, and the sound absorption can be performed satisfactorily.

  The configuration for forming the resonance space as described above includes the first plate portion (first waist wall side plate 62a) that forms the side surface on the staircase side, and the staircase side that is provided apart from the first plate portion. You may apply to the staircase waist wall (staircase waist wall 71) which has the 2nd board part (2nd waist wall side board 62b) which forms the opposite side surface. In this case, the ventilation plate portion is at least one of the first plate portion and the second plate portion, and the resonance space is formed using a sound absorption space between the first plate portion and the second plate portion. It is good also as composition to do. By adopting this configuration, a sound absorbing structure is imparted to the staircase waist wall, and the sound absorbing structure is imparted using the dead space in the staircase waist wall effectively.

  The first plate portion and the second plate portion are installed so as to be parallel to each other, and the first plate portion is formed to penetrate in the plate thickness direction (first through hole portion (first A second circular hole 75) having the ventilation function by the first through-hole portion, and the second plate portion being formed so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction. In the configuration having the circular hole 76) and having the ventilation function by the second through-hole portion, the first through-hole portion and the second through-hole portion are not arranged in the thickness direction of the staircase waist wall. It is preferable to form. According to this configuration, the first through-hole portion is formed in the first plate portion and the second through-hole portion is formed in the second plate portion, thereby increasing the opportunity for sound to enter the sound absorbing space. Sound absorption can be performed effectively. In addition, by setting the positional relationship between the first through-hole portion and the second through-hole portion so as not to line up in the thickness direction of the staircase waist wall, the first through-hole portion and the second through-hole portion are provided. In a configuration that increases the chance of sound entering the sound absorbing space, light in the lower floor space or upper floor space enters the staircase space through the first and second through holes, and light in the staircase space passes through the first and second through holes. It is possible to prevent entry into the lower floor space or the upper floor space through the hole.

  In addition, a partition portion (partition plate 73) is provided between the first plate portion and the second plate portion to partition the sound absorption space into a plurality of spaces, whereby the first resonance space and the second resonance space are used as the resonance space. Preferably, the first resonance space and the second resonance space are formed such that the specific frequency of the first resonance space is different from the specific frequency of the second resonance space. . According to this configuration, it is possible to absorb sound having a plurality of patterns of frequencies, and the sound absorption can be favorably performed.

  A unit-type building comprising a plurality of building units assembled, each of the upper and lower floor spaces, and a staircase space in which stairs for ascending and descending to each floor space are installed. Alternatively, the sound absorbing structure described above may be installed. In the unit type building, the building unit in which the stairs are assembled constitutes a part of the room in addition to the stairs space. In this case, it is difficult to provide a makeup sound-absorbing board only in the staircase space. If a makeup sound-absorbing board is provided in the entire interior of the building unit, the makeup sound-absorbing board is provided in the entire interior of the room that constitutes a part of the building unit. There is a need to provide a plate, which increases costs and further narrows the choice of interior design. On the other hand, since the sound absorbing structure is provided by utilizing the sound absorbing structure built in the staircase space structure by applying the sound absorbing structure, the sound absorbing structure is suitably provided without causing the above-described disadvantages. be able to.

  The present invention is applied to a staircase having a plurality of treads (treads 21), side plates (side plates 22) that support both ends of each tread, and kick plates (kick plates 23) provided between the treads. As a manufacturing method of the sound absorbing structure, a kick board having air permeability and the tread board are integrated, and a fixing base (fixing tree base 24 is provided on the back side of the area where the kick board and the tread board are installed. ) Integrated with the side wall of the building (wall 31, staircase waist wall 32), and the sound that has entered the back side of the tread board and the kick board through the kick board. A second assembling step of assembling a partition plate (gypsum board 25) to the fixing base so that a sound absorbing space (internal space 26) for absorbing sound is formed, and in the second assembling step, the sound absorbing space Sound absorbing material (sound absorbing material 29 Configuration for built-in can be considered. Thereby, the sound absorbing material can be built in the sound absorbing space.

  Further, in the above manufacturing method, in the second assembling step, a partition plate in which the sound absorbing material is integrated may be assembled to the fixing base. According to this configuration, by assembling the partition plate, the formation of the sound absorbing space and the installation of the sound absorbing material in the sound absorbing space are completed simultaneously, and the sound absorbing structure can be efficiently manufactured. For example, assuming a configuration in which the sound absorbing material is individually installed on the kick board or the tread board, it is necessary to individually install the sound absorbing material in each step of the staircase. However, in this configuration, such trouble is saved. it can.

  In the above manufacturing method, the second assembly step includes a step of assembling the sound absorbing material to the fixing base and a step of assembling the partition plate to the fixing base on which the sound absorbing material is assembled. Also good. Even in this configuration, it is not necessary to individually install a sound absorbing material at each step of the staircase, and the sound absorbing structure can be manufactured efficiently.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a two-story unit type building 10 will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of the two-story unit type building 10.

  A plurality of building units 11 used in the two-story unit type building 10 are produced in advance in a factory, and then transported to a building construction site by a truck or the like so that the building units 11 are connected and assembled. Yes. In the present two-story unit type building 10, the plurality of building units 11 are connected and assembled to form a first floor space 12 and a second floor space 13, and a plurality of rooms are formed in each of the floor spaces 12, 13. Has been. A staircase space 14 is formed so as to connect the first floor space 12 and the second floor space 13.

  One building unit 11 a among the plurality of building units 11 constitutes a part of the room of the first floor space 12 and the staircase space 14, and the staircase unit 20 is assembled to the building unit 11.

  The stair unit 20 will be described. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the stair unit 20, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the stair unit 20. The stair unit 20 includes a plurality of step plates 21, side plates 22 that support both end portions of the plurality of step plates 21, kick plates 23 provided between the respective step plates 21, and side plates below the step plates 21 and the kick plates 23. 22, a plurality of fixing tree foundations 24 whose both ends are supported, and a gypsum board 25 provided below the fixing tree foundations 24 and supported by the fixing tree foundations 24.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the stair unit 20 is provided between a wall 31 and a staircase waist wall 32, one opposing side plate 22 is fixed to the wall 31, and the other side plate 22 is a staircase. It is fixed to the waist wall 32. Various types of stairs are conceivable as the stair unit 20, and examples thereof include a J-type stairs, a U-type stairs, an L-type stairs, and a C-type stairs.

  The gypsum board 25 is provided so as to be positioned over a plurality of steps of the stair unit 20 and functions as a partition plate for forming a predetermined internal space 26 below the tread plate 21 and the kick plate 23. Have. The internal space 26 is partitioned by a tread plate 21, a side plate 22, a kick plate 23, and a gypsum board 25. A room 33 such as a storage room is formed below the stair unit 20, and the gypsum board 25 forms a part of the partition wall of the room 33. In addition, you may affix a wallpaper on the board surface of the room 33 side of the gypsum board 25. FIG.

  Here, the stair unit 20 is provided with a sound absorbing structure. This sound absorbing structure will be described in detail below.

  As described above, the stair unit 20 includes an internal space 26 defined by the tread plate 21, the side plate 22, the kick plate 23, and the gypsum board 25. The internal space 26 is opened to the stair movement space 14 a side through a through hole formed in the kick plate 23. Specifically, as the through-hole portion, each kick plate 23 is formed with a slit 27 extending in the lateral direction as shown in FIG. The slit 27 has a length dimension slightly smaller than the lateral width of the kick plate 23, and a plurality of slits 27 (specifically, two) are formed vertically. The slit 27 penetrates the kick plate 23 in the thickness direction.

  The through hole is not limited to the slit 27. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), it is good also as a structure which has a through-hole part by forming the kick board 23 in a mesh shape with steel materials, and as shown in FIG. 4 (b), as a through-hole part A plurality of small holes such as a circle or an ellipse may be formed. 4B, a punching metal may be used as the kick plate 23.

  By forming the slit 27 in the kick plate 23, the internal space 26 is opened to the stair movement space 14a side, and air permeability between the internal space 26 and the stair movement space 14a is secured. . Incidentally, a breathable sheet material 28 is provided on the back surface of the kick plate 23 as shown in FIG. The breathable sheet material 28 is made of a fine cloth, filter, or the like, and has a function of preventing dust, dust, insects, or the like from entering the internal space 26 through the slits 27.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a sound absorbing material 29 is provided in the internal space 26. As the sound absorbing material 29, glass wool, rock wool, felt, a sound absorbing board, a soft fiber board, a foamed synthetic resin sheet, or the like can be considered. Further, the sound absorbing material 29 capable of absorbing sound at a specific frequency of low frequency or high frequency may be used, and the sound absorbing material 29 capable of absorbing sound in a relatively wide frequency range may be used.

  The sound absorbing material 29 is formed in a sheet shape and is assembled on the upper surface of the gypsum board 25. In this case, a plurality of sound absorbing materials 29 are installed on the upper surface of the gypsum board 25 so as to be positioned between the fixing bases 24, and one sound absorbing material 29 is positioned over a plurality of steps of the stair unit 20. ing.

  The place where the sound absorbing material 29 is assembled is not limited to the gypsum board 25. For example, as shown in FIG. 5A, the sound absorbing material 29 may be assembled to the fixing tree base 24. In this case, a longer sound absorbing material 29 can be used as compared with a configuration in which the sound absorbing material 29 is installed between the fixing bases 24 on the upper surface of the gypsum board 25. Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, the sound absorbing material 29 may be assembled to the back surface of the tread plate 21. In this case, it is necessary to individually attach the sound absorbing material 29 to each tread plate 21. Moreover, as shown in FIG.5 (c), the internal space 26 may be formed separately for every step | level, and the sound-absorbing material 29 may be filled in each internal space 26. FIG. Further, the sound absorbing material 29 may be assembled to the kick plate 23. Moreover, you may apply combining arbitrarily the assembly structure of the sound-absorbing material 29 of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 (a)-FIG.5 (c).

  Here, the construction method of the stair unit 20 having the above sound absorbing structure will be described with reference to FIG.

  When constructing the stair unit 20, first, as shown in FIG. 6A, as a preparatory process, the side plate 22 supports the tread plate 21, and the kick plate 23 is installed between the tread plates 21. In this case, a slit 27 is already formed in the kick plate 23, and a breathable sheet material 28 is provided on the back surface thereof. A fixing wood substrate 24 is fixed between the opposing side plates 22.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6B, a step of fixing the side plate 22 to the wall 31 and the staircase waist wall 32 is performed. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6 (c), a step of fixing the gypsum board 25, in which the sound absorbing material 29 is previously assembled to the plate surface, to the fixing wood substrate 24 is performed. Thereby, construction of the stair unit 20 is completed. 5A, the side plate 22 is fixed to the wall 31 and the staircase waist wall 32, and then the sound absorbing material 29 is fixed to the fixing wood substrate 24. . Thereafter, the gypsum board 25 may be fixed to the fixing wood substrate 24.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the sound absorbing structure is provided, the sound generated in one of the first floor space 12 or the second floor space 13 and propagated to the staircase space 14 is By entering the internal space 26 through the slit 27, sound is absorbed by the sound absorbing material 29 installed in the internal space 26. This suppresses the sound generated in the second floor space 13 from propagating to the first floor space 12 and the sound generated in the first floor space 12 from propagating to the second floor space 13 through the stair space 14. The Further, the sound absorbing material 29 can also absorb sound generated by stepping on the tread plate 21 when moving up and down the stairs.

  In particular, by providing a sound absorbing structure using the internal space 26 of the stair unit 20, not only can the dead space of the building be used effectively, but the range of choice for interior design compared to a configuration in which a decorative sound absorbing plate is provided. A sound absorbing function can be imparted without narrowing.

  Further, in the configuration in which the decorative sound absorbing plate is provided, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of the interior design to install the sound absorbing plate only on a part of the wall or ceiling of the staircase space 14, while the sound absorbing material is applied to the entire wall or ceiling of the staircase space 14. Installation of a plate increases the cost. Furthermore, in the unit type building, the building unit 11 to which the stair unit 20 is assembled constitutes a part of the room in addition to the stair space 14. In this case, it is difficult to provide a makeup sound-absorbing plate only in the staircase space 14. If a makeup sound-absorbing plate is provided in the entire interior of the building unit 11, the makeup sound-absorbing plate is provided in the entire interior of the room that the building unit 11 constitutes. There is a need to provide a plate, which increases costs and further narrows the choice of interior design. On the other hand, according to the configuration in the present embodiment, the sound absorbing function is suitable without causing the above-described disadvantages because the sound absorbing structure is provided using the internal space 26 of the stair unit 20. Can be granted.

  The lower side of the internal space 26 is partitioned by a gypsum board 25. The gypsum board 25 also has a function as a partition wall that partitions a room provided below the staircase unit 20. Thus, by using the gypsum board 25 as a partition plate that partitions the lower side of the internal space 26, the internal space 26 can be formed with a relatively simple configuration.

  Further, the slits 27 as the through-hole portions are formed in the kick plate 23 instead of the tread plate 21. Assuming the case where the slit 27 is formed in the tread plate 21, the slit 27 may become an obstacle when the stairs are raised and lowered, and further, dust, dust, and the like easily enter the slit 27. On the other hand, since the slit 27 is formed in the kick-in plate 23, the above inconvenience does not occur.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 5 (a), the sheet-like sound absorbing material 29 is assembled to the gypsum boat 25 or the fixing wood substrate 24, and further installed so as to be located over a plurality of steps. The material 29 does not need to be individually installed for each step of the stairs, and the work efficiency of the installation work of the sound absorbing material 29 can be improved.

(Second Embodiment)
In the present embodiment, the structure of the sound absorbing structure provided in the staircase unit 20 is different from that in the first embodiment. The sound absorbing structure in the present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the stair unit 20.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the stair unit 20 includes a tread plate 21, a side plate 22, a kick plate 23, and a fixing wood substrate 24, as in the first embodiment. However, in the present embodiment, a partition plate 41 is provided instead of the gypsum board 25. The partition plate 41 is made of plywood or the like and has a relatively low air permeability. The partition plate 41 is installed so that the upper surface thereof is in contact with the lower end of each kick plate 23, and the stair unit 20 has an internal space 42 individually for each step.

  As in the first embodiment, the kick plate 23 is formed with a slit 27 as a through-hole portion, and the internal space 42 is opened to the stair movement space 14a side through the slit 27. The through-hole portion is not limited to the slit 27, and as described in the first embodiment, the structure having the through-hole portion by forming the kick plate 23 in a mesh shape with a steel material, etc. It is good.

  A resonance space is formed by the combination of the slit 27 and the internal space 42. A sound having a specific frequency is absorbed in the resonance space. The sound absorption principle will be briefly described. When sound enters the internal space 42 through the slit 27, the air in the internal space 42 acts as a spring, and the air in the slit 27 part vibrates violently, resulting in a large sound absorbing effect due to friction loss at the specific frequency.

  The specific frequency of the resonance space is calculated based on the following Helmholtz equation.

Ｆ：特定周波数（Ｈｚ）、Ｃ：音速、Ｓ：スリット２７による共鳴空間の開口部分の断面積、Ｖ：内部空間４２の容積、Ｌ：スリット２７の厚み寸法
ここで、図７に示すように、各段に形成された共鳴空間は、各内部空間４２の容積を異ならせることにより、上記特定周波数が異なるように設定されている。詳細には、内部空間４２内に木片などが設置されていることにより、特定周波数が約１２５Ｈｚ，約２５０Ｈｚ，約５００Ｈｚ，約１ｋＨｚとなる共鳴空間が個別に形成されるように、内部空間４２の容積が設定されている。ちなみに、約１２５Ｈｚは階段を昇降する際の人の足音に相当し、約２５０Ｈｚ，約５００Ｈｚ，約１ｋＨｚは人の話声に相当する。

F: specific frequency (Hz), C: sound velocity, S: cross-sectional area of the opening portion of the resonance space by the slit 27, V: volume of the internal space 42, L: thickness dimension of the slit 27 Here, as shown in FIG. The resonance spaces formed in each stage are set so that the specific frequencies are different by changing the volumes of the internal spaces 42. In detail, by installing a piece of wood or the like in the internal space 42, the resonance space having the specific frequencies of about 125 Hz, about 250 Hz, about 500 Hz, and about 1 kHz is individually formed. The volume is set. Incidentally, about 125 Hz corresponds to a human footstep when moving up and down stairs, and about 250 Hz, about 500 Hz, and about 1 kHz correspond to a human voice.

  The specific frequency is not limited to the above-described one. For example, the specific frequency is set to 31.5 Hz by extremely increasing the volume of the internal space 42 or extremely increasing the thickness of the slit 27. The specific frequency may be set to 2 kHz or 4 kHz by making the volume of the internal space 42 extremely small or making the thickness dimension of the slit 27 extremely small.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the sound absorbing structure is provided, the sound generated in one of the first floor space 12 or the second floor space 13 and propagated to the staircase space 14 is By entering the resonance space through the slit 27, sound corresponding to a specific frequency in the resonance space is absorbed by resonance. This suppresses the sound generated in the second floor space 13 from propagating to the first floor space 12 and the sound generated in the first floor space 12 from propagating to the second floor space 13 through the stair space 14. The In addition, sound generated by stepping on the tread plate 21 when moving up and down the stairs can be absorbed in the resonance space.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, by setting the volume of the internal space 42 that forms the resonance space to a desired value, it is possible to absorb sound, for example, low-frequency sound that is difficult to absorb with existing sound absorbing materials.

  Further, by providing the sound absorbing structure using the internal space 42 of the stair unit 20, not only can the dead space of the building be used effectively, but the range of choice for interior design compared to the configuration in which a decorative sound absorbing plate is provided. The sound absorbing function as described above can be imparted without narrowing.

(Third embodiment)
In the present embodiment, similarly to the second embodiment, a resonance space is formed as a sound absorbing structure in the stair unit 20. However, the configuration of the resonance space is different from that of the second embodiment. The sound absorbing structure in the present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 8A and 8B are explanatory views for explaining the sound absorbing structure, and FIG. 8C is a longitudinal sectional view of the stair unit 20.

  As shown in FIG. 8 (c), the stair unit 20 includes a tread plate 21, a side plate 22, a kick plate 23, a fixing tree base 24, and a partition plate 41, as in the second embodiment. And. The partition plate 41 is installed so that the upper surface thereof is in contact with the lower end of each kick plate 23, and the stair unit 20 has an internal space 42 individually for each step. Each kick plate 23 has a large number of circular holes 51 as through holes as shown in FIG. The circular holes 51 are formed so that one kick plate 23 is arranged in a horizontal row in each of the upper and lower stages.

  In this configuration, a resonator 52 is assembled on the back surface of some of the kick plates 23. As shown in FIGS. 8B and 8C, the resonator 52 has a box shape and is partitioned into a large number of resonance chambers 53. These resonance chambers 53 are all opened in the same direction, and each resonance chamber 53 corresponds to each circular hole 51 formed in the kick plate 23 to which the resonator 52 is assembled, on a one-to-one basis. And the resonator 52 is assembled | attached to the kick board 23 so that each resonance chamber 53 is located behind each corresponding circular hole 51, and each forms resonance space. Note that it is not essential that the circular holes 51 correspond to the resonance chambers 53 on a one-to-one basis, and one resonance chamber 53 may correspond to the plurality of circular holes 51.

  In addition, the resonator 52 is formed so that the resonance chambers 53 have different volumes as shown in FIG. 8C, rather than all the resonance chambers 53 having the same volume. Yes. In this case, all the volumes of the resonance chambers 53 may be made different, or only some of them may be made different.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide more resonance spaces than in the third embodiment, and it is possible to absorb sounds having a plurality of patterns of frequencies.

(Fourth embodiment)
In the present embodiment, unlike each of the above embodiments, the sound absorbing structure is provided not on the stair unit 20 but on the stair waist walls 61a and 61b. The sound absorbing structure in the present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 9 (a) and 9 (b) are schematic diagrams for explaining the staircase waist walls 61a and 61b, and FIG. 9 (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b). is there.

  As the staircase waist walls 61a and 61b, as shown in FIG. 9 (a), the staircase waist wall 61a that partitions the staircase space 14 side and the first floor space 12 side, or the staircase space 14 as shown in FIG. 9 (b). There is a staircase waist wall 61b for the atrium section that divides the side and the second floor space 13 side.

  9A and 9B, the staircase waist walls 61a and 61b include a waist wall side plate 62 that forms the side surfaces of the staircase waist walls 61a and 61b, and a headboard 63 that forms the top surface of the staircase waist walls 61a and 61b. And a vertical frame 64 that forms the lower floor side end face of the staircase waist walls 61a and 61b.

  As shown in FIG. 9C, the waist wall side plate 62 includes a first waist wall side plate 62a that constitutes the side surface on the staircase side and a second waist that constitutes the side surface on the first floor space 12 side or the second floor space 13 side. A wall side plate 62b. The first waist wall side plate 62a and the second waist wall side plate 62b are installed in parallel so that the back surfaces face each other, and are separated from each other so that an internal space 65 is formed in the staircase waist walls 61a and 61b. Installed.

  In the above configuration, the first waist wall side plate 62a is formed with a first slit 66 as a first through hole. The first slits 66 are formed in the vertical direction, and a plurality of the first slits 66 are formed at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction. By the first slit 66, the internal space 65 of the staircase waist walls 61a and 61b is opened on the side surface on the staircase side. A second slit 67 is formed in the second waist wall side plate 62b as a second through hole. Similar to the first slit 66, the second slit 67 is formed in the vertical direction, and a plurality of the second slits 67 are formed at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction. The internal space 65 is opened by the second slit 67 on the side surface on the first floor space 12 side or the second floor space 13 side.

  A plurality of first slits 66 and second slits 67 are formed at predetermined intervals in the lateral direction as described above. The positional relationship between these first slits 66 and second slits 67 is a staircase waist wall 61a, 61b. It is set not to line up in the thickness direction. That is, in the second waist wall side plate 62b, the plate portion of the second waist wall side plate 62b is located at a position aligned in the thickness direction of the first slit 66 and the staircase waist walls 61a and 61b. The plate portion of the first waist wall side plate 62a is located at a position where the second slit 67 and the staircase waist walls 61a and 61b are arranged in the thickness direction.

  In order to prevent dust, dirt, insects, or the like from entering the internal space 65 through the first slit 66 or the second slit 67, at least the back surface of the first waist wall side plate 62a or the back surface of the second waist wall side plate 62b. On the other hand, you may install the air permeable sheet material 28 in the said 1st Embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 9C, a sound absorbing material 68 is provided in the internal space 65 of the staircase waist walls 61a and 61b. As the sound absorbing material 68, glass wool, rock wool, felt, a sound absorbing board, a soft fiber board, a foamed synthetic resin sheet, or the like can be considered. Further, a sound absorbing material 68 capable of absorbing sound at a specific frequency of low frequency or high frequency may be used, and a sound absorbing material 68 capable of absorbing sound in a relatively wide frequency range may be used. The sound absorbing material 68 is formed in a sheet shape, and is assembled to a fixing base 69 provided on the back surfaces of the first waist wall side plate 62a and the second waist wall side plate 62b.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the sound absorbing structure is provided, the sound generated in one of the first floor space 12 or the second floor space 13 and propagated to the staircase space 14 is By entering the internal space 65 through at least one of the first slit 66 or the second slit 67, sound is absorbed by the sound absorbing material 68 installed in the internal space 65. This suppresses the sound generated in the second floor space 13 from propagating to the first floor space 12 and the sound generated in the first floor space 12 from propagating to the second floor space 13 through the stair space 14. The Further, the sound absorbing material 68 can also absorb sound generated by stepping on the tread plate 21 when moving up and down the stairs.

  In addition, since the sound absorbing structure is provided by using the internal space 65 of the staircase waist walls 61a and 61b, not only can the dead space of the building be used effectively, but also the interior design can be selected as compared with the configuration in which a decorative sound absorbing board is provided. It is possible to provide a sound absorbing function without reducing the width.

  Further, by providing the first slit 66 in the first waist wall side plate 62a and providing the second slit 67 in the second waist wall side plate 62b, the opportunity for sound to enter the internal space 65 is increased, and sound absorption is effectively performed. It can be carried out.

  Further, the positional relationship between the first slit 66 and the second slit 67 was set so as not to line up in the thickness direction of the staircase waist walls 61a and 61b. Thus, in the configuration in which the first slit 66 and the second slit 67 are provided to increase the chance of sound entering the internal space 65, the light in the first floor space 12 or the second floor space 13 passes through the slits 66 and 67 and the staircase space 14. It is possible to prevent the light entering the stair space 14 from entering the first floor space 12 or the second floor space 13 through the slits 66 and 67.

(Fifth embodiment)
In the present embodiment, a sound absorbing structure is provided on the staircase waist wall 71 as in the fourth embodiment. However, the structure of the sound absorbing structure is different from that of the fourth embodiment. The sound absorbing structure in the present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 10A is a schematic diagram for explaining the staircase waist wall 71, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 10A.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b), the staircase waist wall 71 includes a first waist wall side plate 62a, a second waist wall side plate 62b, and a headboard as in the fourth embodiment. 63 and a vertical frame 64, and the staircase waist wall 71 has an internal space 72 because the first waistwall side plate 62 a and the second waistwall side plate 62 b are spaced apart from each other. Yes. In this case, a partition plate 73 is installed in the internal space 72. The partition plate 73 is installed in a lattice shape, whereby the internal space 72 is divided into a large number of resonance chambers 74, and these resonance chambers 74 are arranged vertically and horizontally.

  A first circular hole 75 is formed as a first through hole portion in the first waist wall side plate 62a, and a second circular hole 76 is formed as a second through hole portion in the second waist wall side plate 62b. . At least one pair of the first circular hole 75 and the second circular hole 76 is formed for one resonance chamber 74. Specifically, in this configuration, two combinations of the first circular hole 75 and the second circular hole 76 are formed for one resonance chamber 74.

  Incidentally, the first circular holes 75 are arranged in a row in the vertical direction, and a plurality of the vertical rows are arranged in the horizontal direction at a predetermined interval. Similarly to the first circular hole 75, the second circular holes 76 are arranged in a row in the vertical direction, and a plurality of the vertical rows are arranged in the horizontal direction at a predetermined interval. The positional relationship between the first circular hole 75 and the second circular hole 76 is set so as not to line up in the thickness direction of the staircase waist wall 71. That is, in the second waist wall side plate 62b, the plate portion of the second waist wall side plate 62b is located at a position where the first circular hole 75 and the staircase waist wall 71 are aligned in the thickness direction. A plate portion of the first waist wall side plate 62a is located at a position where the two circular holes 76 and the staircase waist wall 71 are arranged in the thickness direction.

  As described above, the resonance space is formed by the resonance chamber 74, the first circular hole 75, and the second circular hole 76, so that a sound having a specific frequency is absorbed in the resonance space. That is, the sound generated in one of the first floor space 12 or the second floor space 13 and propagated to the staircase space 14 enters the resonance space through the first circular hole 75 or the second circular hole 76, Sound corresponding to a specific frequency in the resonance space is absorbed by resonance. This suppresses the sound generated in the second floor space 13 from propagating to the first floor space 12 and the sound generated in the first floor space 12 from propagating to the second floor space 13 through the stair space 14. The In addition, by setting the frequency of the resonance space to the low frequency side, it is possible to absorb sound generated by stepping on the tread plate 21 when moving up and down the stairs.

  Further, the first circular hole 75 is provided in the first waist wall side plate 62a and the second circular hole 76 is provided in the second waist wall side plate 62b, so that an opportunity for sound to enter the resonance space is increased, and sound absorption is effectively performed. Can be done.

  In addition, since the positional relationship between the first circular hole 75 and the second circular hole 76 is set so as not to be aligned in the thickness direction of the staircase waist wall 71, the first circular hole 75 and the second circular hole 76 are provided to resonate. In the configuration in which the chance of sound entering the space is increased, the light of the first floor space 12 or the second floor space 13 enters the stair space 14 through the circular holes 75 and 76, and the light of the stair space 14 passes through the circular holes 75 and 76. It is possible to prevent entry into the first floor space 12 or the second floor space 13.

  Furthermore, it is also conceivable that sound entering the resonance chamber 74 from one of the first circular hole 75 or the second circular hole 76 goes out of the resonance chamber 74 from the other. In this case, as described above, the first circular hole is used. Since the positional relationship between the hole 75 and the second circular hole 76 is set so as not to be aligned in the thickness direction of the staircase waist wall 71, pressure deficiency occurs and the sound absorbing effect can be enhanced.

  In the present embodiment, the volume of some or all of the resonance chambers 74 may be made different by changing the vertical and horizontal arrangement intervals of the partition plates 73. In this case, a plurality of patterns of sound frequencies that can be absorbed in the resonance space are set, and it is possible to absorb sounds of various frequencies.

  Further, instead of changing the volume of the resonance chamber 74, the opening area of at least one of the first circular hole 75 or the second circular hole 76 may be made different for some or all of the resonance chambers 74. Even in this configuration, a plurality of patterns of sound frequencies that can be absorbed in the resonance space are set, and it is possible to absorb sounds of various frequencies.

(Other embodiments)
The present invention is not limited to the contents described in the above embodiments, and may be implemented as follows, for example.

  (1) In the staircase space 14, the sound absorbing structures in the above embodiments may be applied in combination with each other. For example, for the stair unit 20, the sound absorbing structure using the sound absorbing material 29 in the first embodiment is applied to some of the plurality of steps, and the other steps are the same as in the second embodiment. A sound absorbing structure using a resonance space may be applied. Further, for the staircase waist walls 61 and 71, a part of the sound absorbing structure using the sound absorbing material 68 in the fourth embodiment is applied, and the other is using the resonance space in the fifth embodiment. A sound absorbing structure may be applied. In addition, the sound absorbing structure in the first embodiment, the second embodiment, or the third embodiment is applied to the stair unit 20, and the stair waist wall 61, 71 is applied to the above-described sound absorbing structure. The sound absorbing structure in the fourth embodiment or the fifth embodiment may be applied. In particular, when the sound absorbing structure using the sound absorbing materials 29 and 68 and the sound absorbing structure using the resonance space are applied in combination, the sound absorbing materials 29 and 68 absorb the sound in the middle / high frequency range, and the resonance. Sound absorption can be performed satisfactorily by absorbing sound in a low frequency range in space.

  (2) In the first to third embodiments, the sound absorbing structure is applied to the stair unit 20 in which the room 33 is formed in the lower region. However, the stair unit 20 in which the lower region is entirely a dead space. The sound absorbing structure may be applied to the staircase unit 20, and the sound absorbing structure may be applied to the stair unit 20 whose lower region is a passage. Moreover, you may apply a sound absorption structure with respect to the building in which the staircase space 14 was installed in living room space, such as a living room. Further, the sound absorbing structure in each of the above embodiments can be applied to any building having the staircase space 14, and can be applied not only to the two-story building but also to the three-story or more building. Moreover, it is applicable also to buildings other than unit type.

  (3) In the first to third embodiments, the gypsum board 25 and the partition plate 41 may be installed so that the internal spaces 26 and 42 of each step of the stair unit 20 are a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube. In this case, in the first embodiment, a relatively large sound absorbing material 29 can be installed. In the second and third embodiments, the volume of the internal space 42 can be increased, and sound absorption in a low frequency range can be performed.

  (4) In the second, third, and fifth embodiments, a plurality of resonance spaces are formed and the volume of the resonance space is made different to enable sound absorption of a plurality of patterns. Instead of this, even if a plurality of resonance spaces are not formed or a plurality of resonance spaces are formed, the volume of each resonance space may be made substantially the same to perform sound absorption at a substantially single frequency. In this case, the sound absorption efficiency at a desired frequency can be increased. In particular, in the fifth embodiment, by forming a single resonance space for one staircase waist wall 71 without providing the partition plate 73, it is possible to ensure a relatively large volume of the resonance space. It is possible to perform sound absorption in a low frequency range.

  (5) In the third embodiment, the resonators 52 are installed only for some of the steps in the staircase unit 20, but instead, the resonators 52 are installed for all the steps. Also good.

  (6) In the fourth and fifth embodiments, the through-hole portion may be formed in only one of the first waist wall side plate 62a or the second waist wall side plate 62b. In this case, although the opportunity for sound absorption is reduced as compared with the fourth and fifth embodiments, it is possible to absorb sound propagated to the staircase space 14.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the staircase unit in 1st Embodiment. The schematic which shows the outline | summary of a two-story unit type building. The perspective view which shows the structure of a stair unit. The schematic for demonstrating another form of a kick board. Schematic for demonstrating another form of the assembly | attachment location of a sound-absorbing material. Schematic for demonstrating the construction method of a stair unit. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the staircase unit in 2nd Embodiment. (A) And (b) is the schematic for demonstrating the sound-absorbing structure in 3rd Embodiment, (c) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of a staircase unit. (A) And (b) is the schematic for demonstrating the structure of the staircase waist wall in 4th Embodiment, (c) is an AA sectional view. (A) is the schematic for demonstrating the structure of the staircase waist wall in 5th Embodiment, (b) is a BB sectional drawing.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Two-story unit type building, 12 ... First floor space, 13 ... Second floor space, 14 ... Stair space, 20 ... Stair unit, 21 ... Tread board, 22 ... Side board, 23 ... Kick board, 24 ... Fixed tree bottom 25, gypsum board, 26 ... internal space, 27 ... slit, 29 ... sound absorbing material, 41 ... partition plate, 42 ... internal space, 61 ... stair waist wall, 62a ... first waist wall side plate, 62b ... second waist Wall side plate, 65 ... inner space, 66 ... first slit, 67 ... second slit, 68 ... sound absorbing material, 71 ... stair waist wall, 72 ... inner space, 75 ... first circular hole, 76 ... second circular hole.

Claims (5)

A sound absorbing structure applied to a building having upper and lower floor spaces, and a stair space where stairs for ascending and descending to each floor space are installed,
Constitutes the surface of the floor stage, a ventilation plate portion having a vent function,
Built in the floor stage, and a sound-absorbing space for absorbing the sound that has entered through the vent plate portion,
In the sound absorbing space, a sheet-like sound absorbing material is installed,
The staircase has a plurality of treads and a kick plate provided between the treads,
Further, the vent plate portion is the kick plate,
A partition that is installed on the back side of the tread plate and the kick plate, and forms the sound absorbing space together with the tread plate and the kick plate;
A side plate that supports the tread plate and the kick plate on its side, and
The partition portion is installed so as to be positioned over a plurality of steps of the staircase, and is fixed to a fixing base provided on the side plate,
The sound absorbing structure, wherein the sound absorbing material is installed so as to be positioned over a plurality of steps of the steps in the sound absorbing space by being assembled to at least one of the partition portion or the fixing base . Applied to buildings where rooms are formed below the stairs,
The sound absorbing structure according to claim 1 , wherein the partition portion is installed so as to be positioned over a plurality of steps of the staircase and constitutes a partition wall for partitioning the room. A method for producing a sound absorbing structure applied to a staircase comprising a plurality of treads, side plates that support both ends of each tread, and kick plates provided between the treads,
The side plate in which the kick board having air permeability and the tread board are integrated and the fixing base is integrated on the back side of the area where the kick board and the tread board are installed is assembled to the wall of the building. A first assembly process;
A second assembling step of assembling a partition plate to the fixing base so that a sound absorbing space for absorbing sound entering through the kick plate is formed on the back side of the tread plate and the kick plate;
With
In the second assembling step, a sound absorbing material is built in the sound absorbing space. The method for manufacturing a sound absorbing structure according to claim 3 , wherein, in the second assembling step, a partition plate in which the sound absorbing material is integrated is assembled to the fixing base. The second assembly step, said a step of assembling the sound absorbing material to the fixing base, claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a step of assembling the partition plate fixing base sound absorbing material is assembled, the The manufacturing method of the sound absorption structure as described in 2.

Images