JP5221071B2 - Flameproof insulation - Google Patents
Flameproof insulation Download PDFInfo
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- JP5221071B2 JP5221071B2 JP2007201041A JP2007201041A JP5221071B2 JP 5221071 B2 JP5221071 B2 JP 5221071B2 JP 2007201041 A JP2007201041 A JP 2007201041A JP 2007201041 A JP2007201041 A JP 2007201041A JP 5221071 B2 JP5221071 B2 JP 5221071B2
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002468 ceramisation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 roof tile Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 9
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001502129 Mullus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003429 antifungal agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003279 ceramming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006224 matting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007761 roller coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Description
本発明は木材等に染み込みやすく、浸透性に優れる防燃断熱剤に関する。 The present invention relates to a flame retardant and heat insulating agent that easily permeates wood and the like and has excellent permeability.
従来、建築物には木材や壁紙などの多くの可燃性材料が建築材料として使用されているため、火災等が発生した場合には、その大部分を焼失するという問題がある。そのため建築材料である木材や壁紙などに、容易に耐火性・防燃性を付与することのできる防燃剤が望まれている。
珪酸アルカリ水溶液は、炭酸ガスと反応することにより硬化し、難燃性の化合物となることが知られている。そのため、珪酸アルカリ水溶液が内部まで浸透しやすい、コンクリート、モルタル、煉瓦などの多孔質性の建築材料用の防燃・断熱剤として、従来より利用されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
しかしながら、木材は多孔質性であるものの、その多孔質組織（導管、細胞壁のセルロース、ヘミセルロース、リグニン等）は、コンクリート等に比べ非常に微細である。そのため、珪酸アルカリ水溶液をそのまま木材に塗布した場合は、表面に付着するのみで、内部には全く浸透せず、木材への防燃性・断熱性の付与はなされないという問題がある。
また近年、リサイクルに対する意識が高まり、古くなった家屋を取り壊す代わりに、既存の建築材料を補強することにより、耐用年数を延長し、再利用する方法が注目されている。
Conventionally, many flammable materials such as wood and wallpaper are used as building materials in buildings, and therefore, when a fire or the like occurs, there is a problem that most of them are burned out. Therefore, a flame retardant capable of easily imparting fire resistance and fire resistance to building materials such as wood and wallpaper is desired.
It is known that an alkali silicate aqueous solution is cured by reacting with carbon dioxide gas to become a flame retardant compound. Therefore, it has been conventionally used as a fireproofing and heat insulating agent for porous building materials such as concrete, mortar, and brick, in which an aqueous alkali silicate solution easily penetrates into the inside (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
However, although wood is porous, its porous structure (conduit, cell wall cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, etc.) is much finer than concrete. Therefore, when the alkali silicate aqueous solution is applied to wood as it is, it only adheres to the surface and does not penetrate into the interior at all, and there is a problem that flameproofing and heat insulating properties are not imparted to the wood.
In recent years, awareness of recycling has increased, and instead of demolishing an old house, a method of extending the useful life and reusing it by reinforcing existing building materials is drawing attention.
本発明はこのような実情に鑑みなされたものであり、その解決しようとする課題は、木材等の建築材料に浸透しやすく、補強作用を有する防燃断熱剤を提供することにある。 This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, The subject which it is going to solve is providing the flameproof heat insulating agent which is easy to osmose | permeate building materials, such as wood, and has a reinforcement effect | action.
本発明者らは上記課題を解決するために、セラミック化した火山噴出物発泡粒子集塊物が有する特性に着目し鋭意研究を重ねた結果、セラミック化した火山噴出物発泡粒子集塊物の放射する遠赤外線により、珪酸アルカリ水溶液のクラスター（２個以上の分子又は原子がファンデルワールス力や水素結合などの比較的に弱い相互作用で集まってなる集合体）を細かくし、該珪酸アルカリ水溶液の木材などへの浸透性を向上させることができることを見出した。本発明者らは、更に詳細に検討を行なったところ、上記の珪酸アルカリ水溶液に火山噴出物発泡粒子を含有させることにより、防燃作用・断熱作用をさらに向上させることができることを見出した。本発明者らは、これらの知見に基づき、本発明を完成するに至った。 The present inventors have in order to solve the above problems, the results of extensive and intensive studies focusing on the characteristics of volcanic ejecta onset foam particle agglomerates was ceramization has, volcanic ejecta onset foam particle agglomerates was cerammed The far-infrared rays radiated from slabs make the alkali silicate aqueous cluster fine (an aggregate of two or more molecules or atoms gathered by relatively weak interactions such as van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds). It has been found that the permeability of an aqueous solution to wood and the like can be improved. The inventors of the present invention have further studied in detail, and have found that the flameproofing action and the heat insulating action can be further improved by incorporating the volcanic ejecta foamed particles in the alkali silicate aqueous solution. Based on these findings, the present inventors have completed the present invention.
すなわち、本発明は以下の構成を有することにより、上記課題を解決するに至った。
（１）珪酸アルカリ水溶液に、セラミック化した火山噴出物発泡粒子集塊物を添加・混練してなることを特徴とする防燃断熱剤。
（２）火山噴出物の発泡粒子を含む上記（１）記載の防燃断熱剤。
（３）上記火山噴出物の発泡粒子の平均粒径が１０〜１００μｍである上記（２）記載の防燃断熱剤。
（４）セラミック化した火山噴出物発泡粒子集塊物の添加量が、珪酸アルカリ水溶液１００重量部に対して１０〜５０重量部である上記（１）〜（３）のいずれか１つに記載の防燃断熱剤。
（５）火山噴出物の発泡粒子の添加量が、珪酸アルカリ水溶液１００重量部に対して３〜５０重量部である上記（２）〜（４）のいずれか１つに記載の防燃断熱剤。
（６）上記（１）〜（５）のいずれか１つに記載の防燃剤により、木材を処理することを特徴とする木材の補強・防燃断熱方法。
（７）上記（１）〜（５）のいずれか１つに記載の防燃処理剤を、建築材料に吹き付けることを特徴とする建築材料の補強・防燃断熱方法。
（８）上記建築材料が、内装壁紙、内装木材、外層壁紙、外層木材、屋根瓦、珪藻土壁材、土壁材、漆喰壁材のいずれか１つである上記（７）記載の建築材料の補強・防燃断熱方法。
That is, this invention came to solve the said subject by having the following structures.
(1) the alkali silicate solution, anti燃断thermal agent characterized by comprising adding and kneading a volcanic ejecta onset foam particle agglomerates was ceramization.
(2) anti燃断thermal agent according to (1) further comprising a foamed particles of volcanic ejecta.
(3) anti燃断thermal agent of (2), wherein the average particle size of the foamed particles of the volcanic ejecta 10 to 100 [mu] m.
(4) the amount of ceramization volcanic ejecta onset foam particle agglomerates is any one of the above 10 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight alkali silicate aqueous solution (1) to (3) The flameproof thermal insulation as described.
(5) The addition amount of the foamed particles of volcanic ejecta, the 3 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight alkali silicate aqueous solution (2) to (4) Anti燃断heat according to any one of Agent.
(6) A method for reinforcing and preventing fire and heat of wood, characterized in that wood is treated with the fire retardant described in any one of (1) to (5) above.
(7) A method for reinforcing / flame-proofing and insulating a building material, characterized in that the flameproofing agent according to any one of the above (1) to (5) is sprayed on the building material.
(8) The building material according to (7), wherein the building material is any one of interior wallpaper, interior wood, outer layer wallpaper, outer layer wood, roof tile, diatomaceous earth wall material, earth wall material, and plaster wall material. Reinforcement and flameproof insulation methods.
本発明の防燃断熱剤は、セラミック化した火山噴出物発泡粒子集塊物を混合・混練していることにより、珪酸アルカリ水溶液のクラスターが細かくなっているため、木材などの建築材料に深く浸透させることができ、その結果、優れた防燃断熱処理効果を示すものである。また建築材料に深く浸透した珪酸アルカリが、炭酸ガスと反応し硬化することにより、建築材料の強度を向上させることができる。また、含有する微細な火山噴出物発泡粒子が、処理建築材料の表面に多数付着すること及び内部に浸透することにより、当該処理を施した建築材料の防燃性・断熱性をさらに向上させることができる。
また本発明の防燃断熱剤は、床材又は屋根裏等に塗布することにより、優れた防蟻効果および防腐効果も発揮できる。さらに本発明の防燃断熱剤に含まれる珪酸アルカリ水溶液は、空気中の炭酸ガスと反応し、多量の炭酸ガスを吸着するため、地球温暖化防止に大いに寄与できる。
Anti燃断Netsuzai of the present invention, by being mixed and kneaded volcanic ejecta onset foam particle agglomerates that ceramming, since the clusters of the alkali silicate aqueous solution has become finer, deeper into building materials such as wood As a result, it exhibits an excellent flameproof and heat insulating treatment effect. Moreover, the alkali silicate which penetrated deeply into the building material reacts with carbon dioxide gas and hardens, whereby the strength of the building material can be improved. In addition, many fine volcanic ejecta foam particles that adhere to the surface of the treated building material and penetrate into the interior of the treated building material further improve the fireproofing and heat insulation properties of the treated building material. Can do.
Moreover, the flameproof heat insulating agent of this invention can also exhibit the outstanding anti-anticide effect and antiseptic effect by apply | coating to a flooring or an attic. Furthermore, since the alkali silicate aqueous solution contained in the flameproof heat insulating agent of the present invention reacts with carbon dioxide in the air and adsorbs a large amount of carbon dioxide, it can greatly contribute to prevention of global warming.
以下、本発明をその好適な実施形態に即して詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments thereof.
本発明の「珪酸アルカリ」としては、例えば、珪酸カリウム、珪酸ソーダ、珪酸リチウムが例示され、中でも珪酸カリウムが好適に使用される。なお、本発明においては、珪酸カリウムと珪酸ソーダの両方を含む珪酸アルカリ水溶液を用いてもよく、またはコロイダルシリカを用いてもよい。
珪酸カリウムの場合、例えば、ＳｉＯ２濃度が２５．５〜２７．５重量％、Ｋ２Ｏ濃度が１２．５〜１４．５重量％の珪酸カリウム水溶液や、ＳｉＯ２濃度が２７〜２９重量％、Ｋ２Ｏ濃度が２１〜２３重量％の珪酸カリウム水溶液が好適に使用される。
他方、珪酸ソーダの場合、濃度が２８〜４８重量％（好ましくは３６〜３８重量％）のアルカリ珪酸塩の濃厚水溶液が使用され、市販されているＮＯ．１号〜ＮＯ．４号の水ガラスを使用してもよい。水ガラスの主成分は、一般式Ｎａ２Ｏ・ｎＳｉＯ２（ｎ＝２〜４）で表される。なお、ＮＯ．１号の水ガラスは、比重が３８〜５９ボーメであり、組成がＳｉＯ２分２１〜３８重量％、Ｎａ２Ｏ分１０〜１８重量％である。ＮＯ．２号の水ガラスは、比重が４２〜４９ボーメであり、組成がＳｉＯ２分２６．５〜３２重量％、Ｎａ２Ｏ分１０．５〜１２．７重量％である。ＮＯ．３号の水ガラスは、比重が４０ボーメ以上であり、組成がＳｉＯ２分２８〜３０重量％、Ｎａ２Ｏ分９〜１０重量％である。ＮＯ．４号の水ガラスは、比重が３０ボーメ以上であり、組成がＳｉＯ２分２３〜２５重量％、Ｎａ２Ｏ分６〜７重量％である。
Examples of the “alkali silicate” of the present invention include potassium silicate, sodium silicate, and lithium silicate, and potassium silicate is preferably used. In the present invention, an alkali silicate aqueous solution containing both potassium silicate and sodium silicate may be used, or colloidal silica may be used.
In the case of potassium silicate, for example, an aqueous potassium silicate solution having an SiO 2 concentration of 25.5 to 27.5% by weight and a K 2 O concentration of 12.5 to 14.5% by weight, or an SiO 2 concentration of 27 to 29% by weight. A potassium silicate aqueous solution having a K 2 O concentration of 21 to 23% by weight is preferably used.
On the other hand, in the case of sodium silicate, a concentrated aqueous solution of alkali silicate having a concentration of 28 to 48% by weight (preferably 36 to 38% by weight) is used. No. 1 to NO. No. 4 water glass may be used. The main component of water glass is represented by the general formula Na 2 O · nSiO 2 (n = 2 to 4). Note that NO. No. 1 water glass has a specific gravity of 38 to 59 Baume and a composition of 21 to 38% by weight of SiO 2 and 10 to 18% by weight of Na 2 O. NO. The water glass of No. 2 has a specific gravity of 42 to 49 Baume, a composition of 26.5 to 32% by weight of SiO 2 and 10.5 to 12.7% by weight of Na 2 O. NO. No. 3 water glass has a specific gravity of 40 Baume or more, and has a composition of SiO 2 minutes 28-30 wt% and Na 2 O content 9-10 wt%. NO. The water glass of No. 4 has a specific gravity of 30 Baume or more, and has a composition of SiO 2 minutes 23 to 25% by weight and Na 2 O content 6 to 7% by weight.
本発明の「火山噴出物発泡粒子」としては、火山噴出物の細粒を、７００℃〜１１００℃（好ましくは８００〜１１００℃）で加熱し発泡させたものが挙げられる。火山噴出物としては、ＳｉＯ２を主成分とし、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＣａＯ、ＭｇＯ等を含有する複合化合物であって、内部に細孔を有するものであれば特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、シラス、軽石、ボラ、パーライト等が例示される。これらは、単独で又は２種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。なお、火山噴出物発泡粒子は単孔性でも、多孔性であってもよい。また、火山噴出物の発泡時において、過発泡により一部が欠損したものや、未発泡のものが一部に含まれていてもよい。 Examples of the “volcanic ejecta foam particles” of the present invention include those obtained by heating and foaming fine particles of volcanic ejecta at 700 ° C. to 1100 ° C. (preferably 800 to 1100 ° C.). The volcanic ejecta is not particularly limited as long as it is a composite compound containing SiO 2 as a main component and containing Al 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO, etc., and having pores therein. For example, shirasu, pumice, mullet, perlite, etc. are exemplified. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In addition, the volcanic ejecta foamed particles may be monoporous or porous. Moreover, at the time of foaming of a volcanic ejecta, what was partially lost by overfoaming or an unfoamed thing may be contained in part.
また、火山噴出物発泡粒子は、平均粒径が好ましくは通常１０〜３００μｍ、より好ましくは１０〜２００μｍ、特に好ましくは１０〜１００μｍのものである。木材などの珪酸アルカリ水溶液が浸透しにくい建築材料には、１０〜１５μｍの火山噴出物発泡粒子が好ましく、珪藻土壁材又は土壁材、漆喰壁材などの浸透しやすい建築材料には、１５〜３００μｍの火山噴出物発泡粒子が好ましい。本発明においては、安価で広く流通しているシラスの発泡粒子（シラスバルーン）が好適に使用される。 Moreover, the volcanic ejecta foamed particles preferably have an average particle size of usually 10 to 300 μm, more preferably 10 to 200 μm, and particularly preferably 10 to 100 μm. For building materials that are difficult to permeate an aqueous alkali silicate solution such as wood, 10 to 15 μm volcanic foam foam particles are preferable, and for building materials such as diatomaceous earth wall material or earth wall material and plaster wall material that are easy to penetrate, 300 μm volcanic ejecta foam particles are preferred. In the present invention, shirasu foam particles (shirasu balloon) that are widely available at low cost are preferably used.
本発明の「セラミック化した火山噴出物発泡粒子集塊物」としては、遠赤外線を放射するものであれば、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、特許公報第２９５８５６０記載の方法により火山噴出物発泡粒子をセラミック化したものが挙げられる。またＳＧＢ（豊和直（株）製）等の市販の火山噴出物発泡粒子セラミックスを用いてもよい。セラミック化した火山噴出物発泡粒子集塊物は、平均粒径が好ましくは通常１〜２０ｍｍ、より好ましくは３〜１５ｍｍ、特に好ましくは３〜１０ｍｍのものである。平均粒径が、１ｍｍ未満であると、スプレーの目詰まりを起こすことがあり、他方、２０ｍｍを超えると容器等が限定され、使用が困難になることがある。 As "volcanic products onset foam particle agglomerates that ceramic" of the present invention, as long as it radiates far infrared, but are not particularly limited, for example, volcanic by the method described Patent No. 2,958,560 Examples include ceramic foam particles. Or it may be a commercially available volcanic ejecta onset foam particles ceramics such SGB (manufactured by straight Howa Co.). Volcanic products onset foam particle agglomerates was ceramization, the average particle size is preferably usually 1 to 20 mm, more preferably 3 to 15 mm, and especially preferably from 3 to 10 mm. If the average particle size is less than 1 mm, spray clogging may occur. On the other hand, if the average particle size exceeds 20 mm, containers and the like are limited, and use may be difficult.
「セラミック化した火山噴出物発泡粒子集塊物」の使用量は、珪酸アルカリ水溶液１００重量部に対して、好ましくは１０〜５０重量部、より好ましくは１０〜４０重量部、特に好ましくは１５〜３０重量部である。１０重量部未満であると、珪酸アルカリ水溶液のクラスターが細かくなるのに時間がかかり、他方、５０重量部を超えると経済的に不利になる。 The amount of the "ceramization volcanic ejecta onset foam particle agglomerates" are with respect to 100 parts by weight of alkali silicate solution, preferably 10 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 40 parts by weight, particularly preferably 15 -30 parts by weight. If it is less than 10 parts by weight, it takes time for the cluster of the alkali silicate aqueous solution to become fine, whereas if it exceeds 50 parts by weight, it is economically disadvantageous.
「火山噴出物の発泡粒子」の使用量は、珪酸アルカリ水溶液１００重量部に対して、好ましくは３〜５０重量部、より好ましくは１０〜５０重量部、特に好ましくは１５〜３０重量部である。３重量部未満であると、断熱性が損なわれ、他方、５０重量部を超えると経済的に不利になり、また噴霧する際に噴霧器から出にくくなる。また火山噴出物は必ずしも含まなくてもよい。 The amount of "foamed particles of volcanic ejecta" is relative to 100 parts by weight of alkali silicate solution, preferably 3 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 50 parts by weight, particularly preferably 15 to 30 parts by weight is there. If the amount is less than 3 parts by weight, the heat insulating property is impaired. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50 parts by weight, it is economically disadvantageous, and it is difficult to get out of the sprayer when spraying. Volcanic ejecta need not be included.
本発明において、上記セラミック化した火山噴出物発泡粒子集塊物又は火山噴出物の発泡粒子と、珪酸アルカリ水溶液の混練作業は、空気に触れないタイプの密閉型の混練機内で行うことが好ましい。その理由は、炭酸ガスと珪酸アルカリが反応して固化し、可塑性の良くないものとなるためである。 In the present invention, the foamed particles of the ceramic of volcanic ejecta onset foam particle agglomerates or volcanic ejecta, kneading operation of alkali silicate aqueous solution is preferably performed in a kneading machine of the type sealed without exposure to air . The reason is that carbon dioxide gas and alkali silicate react to solidify, resulting in poor plasticity.
本発明においては、本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲内において上記以外の各種添加剤を配合することができる。具体的には、顔料、骨材、粘性調整剤、可塑剤、造膜助剤、緩衝剤、分散剤、架橋剤、ｐＨ調整剤、防腐剤、防黴剤、抗菌剤、防藻剤、湿潤剤、消泡剤、発泡剤、レベリング剤、顔料分散剤、沈降防止剤、たれ防止剤、凍結防止剤、滑剤、脱水剤、艶消し剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、繊維類、香料、化学物質吸着剤、光触媒、吸放湿性粉粒体、アルミナセメントが例示され、これらを単独で又は２種以上組み合わせて使用することができる。また、各種添加剤の配合量は、使用目的に応じて、本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲内において適宜設定することが可能である。 In the present invention, various additives other than those described above can be blended within a range not impairing the object of the present invention. Specifically, pigments, aggregates, viscosity modifiers, plasticizers, film-forming aids, buffers, dispersants, cross-linking agents, pH adjusters, preservatives, antifungal agents, antibacterial agents, algaeproofing agents, wetting Agent, antifoaming agent, foaming agent, leveling agent, pigment dispersant, anti-settling agent, anti-sagging agent, anti-freezing agent, lubricant, dehydrating agent, matting agent, UV absorber, antioxidant, light stabilizer, fiber Examples include fragrances, fragrances, chemical adsorbents, photocatalysts, hygroscopic and granular materials, and alumina cements, which can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, the compounding quantity of various additives can be suitably set in the range which does not inhibit the objective of this invention according to the intended purpose.
本願の防燃断熱剤は、液剤を用いた処理を施工するに際して一般的な方法、例えば、吹き付け、コテ塗り、ローラー塗装、刷毛塗り、含漬により施工することが可能であるが、少ない労力で短時間に広い面積を処理することができる、吹き付けによる施工が好適である。また建築材料への塗布後、通常、空気中の炭酸ガスと反応することにより硬化するが、急速に反応させたい場合は、炭酸ガスの吹き付け等の処理を併せて行ってもよい。 The flame retardant insulation of the present application can be applied by a general method, for example, spraying, trowel coating, roller coating, brush coating, and impregnation, when applying a treatment using a liquid agent, but with less labor. Construction by spraying that can process a large area in a short time is suitable. Moreover, after application | coating to a building material, although it hardens | cures normally by reacting with the carbon dioxide gas in air, when you want to make it react rapidly, you may perform processes, such as spraying of a carbon dioxide gas.
本発明の「建築材料」としては、例えば、内装壁紙、内装木壁、外層壁紙、外層木壁、屋根瓦、珪藻土壁材、土壁材、漆喰壁材などが挙げられる。また本発明の処理対象である建築材料は、特に可燃性の材料に限定されず、例えば、コンクリート及び煉瓦などの建築材料の処理にも利用される。 Examples of the “building material” of the present invention include interior wallpaper, interior wooden wall, outer layer wallpaper, outer layer wooden wall, roof tile, diatomaceous earth wall material, earth wall material, and plaster wall material. Moreover, the building material which is the treatment target of the present invention is not particularly limited to the combustible material, and is also used for the treatment of building materials such as concrete and brick.
以下、本発明を実施例によって更に具体的に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。なお、本実施例で使用する材料は以下のとおりである。
珪酸カリウム水溶液（製品名：１Ｋ珪酸カリ、ＳｉＯ２濃度２７〜２９重量％、Ｋ２Ｏ濃度２１〜２３重量％、日本化学工業（株）製）、
シラスバルーンセラミックス（製品名；ＳＧＢ、平均粒径１０ｍｍ、豊和直（株）製）、
シラスバルーンＡ（製品名：ＦＴＢ、平均粒径１２μｍ、嵩比重０．１８、豊和直（株）製）、
シラスバルーンＢ（製品名：ＳＹＢ−５０００、平均粒径７０μｍ、嵩比重０．１４、豊和直（株）製）、
シラスバルーンＣ（製品名：ＳＳＢ−４０００、平均粒径９５μｍ、嵩比重０．２８、豊和直（株）製）、
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further more concretely, this invention is not limited to a following example. The materials used in this example are as follows.
Potassium silicate aqueous solution (product name: 1K potassium silicate, SiO 2 concentration 27 to 29% by weight, K 2 O concentration 21 to 23% by weight, manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.),
Shirasu Balloon Ceramics (product name: SGB, average particle size 10 mm, manufactured by Nao Toyawa Co., Ltd.),
Shirasu Balloon A (Product name: FTB, average particle size 12 μm, bulk specific gravity 0.18, manufactured by Nao Toyowa Co., Ltd.)
Shirasu Balloon B (product name: SYB-5000, average particle size 70 μm, bulk specific gravity 0.14, manufactured by Nao Toyoda)
Shirasu Balloon C (Product name: SSB-4000, average particle size 95 μm, bulk specific gravity 0.28, manufactured by Nao Toyoda)
（実施例１）
珪酸カリウム水溶液１００重量部に、シラスバルーンセラミックス２０重量部を混入攪拌し、防燃断熱剤を得た。
Example 1
20 parts by weight of Shirasu balloon ceramics were mixed and stirred in 100 parts by weight of an aqueous potassium silicate solution to obtain a flameproof heat insulating agent.
（実施例２）
珪酸カリウム水溶液１００重量部に、平均粒径７０μｍのシラスバルーンＢ２０重量部を混入攪拌し、さらにシラスバルーンセラミックス１２重量部を混入攪拌し、防燃断熱剤を得た。
(Example 2)
20 parts by weight of Shirasu Balloon B having an average particle size of 70 μm was mixed and stirred in 100 parts by weight of an aqueous potassium silicate solution, and 12 parts by weight of Shirasu Balloon Ceramics was further mixed and stirred to obtain a flameproof heat insulating agent.
（実施例３）
珪酸カリウム水溶液１００重量部に、平均粒径７０μｍのシラスバルーンＣ４０重量部を混入攪拌し、さらにシラスバルーンセラミックス２８重量部を混入攪拌し、防燃断熱剤を得た。
(Example 3)
40 parts by weight of Shirasu Balloon C having an average particle size of 70 μm was mixed and stirred in 100 parts by weight of an aqueous potassium silicate solution, and 28 parts by weight of Shirasu Balloon Ceramics was further mixed and stirred to obtain a flameproof heat insulating agent.
（実施例４）
珪酸カリウム水溶液１００重量部に、平均粒径１２μｍのシラスバルーンＡ２０重量部を混入攪拌し、さらにシラスバルーンセラミックス３６重量部を混入攪拌し、防燃断熱剤を得た。
Example 4
20 parts by weight of Shirasu Balloon A having an average particle size of 12 μm was mixed and stirred in 100 parts by weight of an aqueous potassium silicate solution, and 36 parts by weight of Shirasu Balloon Ceramics were further mixed and stirred to obtain a flameproof heat insulating agent.
（評価試験）
（１）浸透性
実施例１で得られた防燃断熱剤を杉間伐材に塗布した際の、浸透部分の長さを計測した。その結果、シラスバルーンセラミックスを混入攪拌していない珪酸カリウム水溶液が表面に付着したままで全く浸透しなかったのに対し、実施例１の防燃断熱剤は１ｃｍ浸透した。当該結果より、本発明の防燃断熱材の浸透性が向上していることが分かった。
(Evaluation test)
(1) Penetrability The length of the penetrating portion was measured when the flame retardant heat insulating material obtained in Example 1 was applied to cedar thinning. As a result, the potassium silicate aqueous solution not mixed and mixed with Shirasu balloon ceramics adhered to the surface and did not penetrate at all, whereas the flameproof heat insulating material of Example 1 penetrated 1 cm. From the results, it was found that the permeability of the flameproof heat insulating material of the present invention was improved.
（２）難燃性
実施例１で得た防燃断熱剤を新聞紙に塗布した後、室温で２４時間放置し空気中の炭酸ガスと反応させ、該新聞紙にライターの直火を１分間当てた際の着火の有無を評価した。その結果、着火は見られなかった。
(2) Flame retardance After applying the flame retardant heat insulating material obtained in Example 1 to newspaper, it was left to stand at room temperature for 24 hours to react with carbon dioxide in the air, and the newspaper was exposed to a lighter for 1 minute. The presence or absence of ignition was evaluated. As a result, no ignition was observed.
実施例２で得た防燃断熱剤を木造外壁塗布した後、４８時間放置し空気中の炭酸ガスと反応させ、該木造外壁にガスバーナーの直火を１分間当てた際の着火の有無を評価した。その結果、着火は見られなかった。 After applying the flameproof heat insulating material obtained in Example 2 to the wooden outer wall, it was left for 48 hours to react with carbon dioxide gas in the air, and whether or not ignition occurred when a direct flame of a gas burner was applied to the wooden outer wall for 1 minute. evaluated. As a result, no ignition was observed.
（３）断熱性
実施例３で得られた防燃断熱剤を屋根瓦に塗布した後、４８時間放置し空気中の炭酸ガスと反応させ、該屋根瓦を備えた家屋の室内温度の変化を評価した。
上記塗布前の室温は３０℃（外気温３５℃、晴れ）であったのに対し、塗布後は２５℃（外気温３５℃、晴れ）であり、室内温度の上昇が５℃抑制されていた。
(3) Thermal insulation After applying the flame retardant thermal insulation obtained in Example 3 to the roof tile, it was left to react for 48 hours with carbon dioxide in the air, and the change in the room temperature of the house with the roof tile was observed. evaluated.
The room temperature before the application was 30 ° C. (outside temperature 35 ° C., clear), but after the application, it was 25 ° C. (outside temperature 35 ° C., clear), and the increase in indoor temperature was suppressed by 5 ° C. .
（４）補強性
実施例４で得られた防燃断熱剤を珪藻土内壁に塗布した後、３６時間放置し空気中の炭酸ガスと反応させ、該珪藻土内壁を爪で削った際の壁紙などの剥離の有無を評価した。その結果、剥離は見られなかった。
(4) Reinforcing property After applying the flame retardant heat insulating material obtained in Example 4 to the inner wall of diatomaceous earth, it is left to react for 36 hours with carbon dioxide in the air, and the wallpaper when the inner wall of the diatomaceous earth is shaved with a nail The presence or absence of peeling was evaluated. As a result, no peeling was observed.
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| JPH1036813A (en) * | 1996-07-16 | 1998-02-10 | Hayashi Teizo | Liquid mixture (liquid penetrant) that enhances penetrating power of water-soluble compound since it reduces bound cluster of water-soluble compound in size, lowers the molecular weight and increases the density, and its production |
| JP2958560B2 (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 1999-10-06 | 豊和直 株式会社 | Light-weight and high-strength agglomerates of volcanic ejecta foam particles and method for producing the same |
| JP3466969B2 (en) * | 1999-08-23 | 2003-11-17 | 株式会社しま家 | Manufacturing method of far infrared radiation ceramics |
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| JP2003119060A (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2003-04-23 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Volcanic ejector agglomerate |
| JP2003292960A (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2003-10-15 | Takenaka:Kk | Flame retardant |
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