JP5219854B2 - Cylindrical fluid vibration power generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cylindrical fluid vibration power generation device that generates power using fluid energy generated by wind power or hydraulic power.

  Conventionally, various techniques for effectively using natural energy have been proposed. As an example, a wind power generator, a solar battery, a hydroelectric power generator, and the like are known.

  Here, the wind power generator is a device that rotates a wind turbine using the flow of wind and rotates the power generator with the power to generate power. In addition, a solar cell receives a current by receiving sunlight applied to a thin plate type panel (called a solar panel) in which semiconductor materials called P-type and N-type having different properties are bonded to each other. It is a device to generate. A hydroelectric generator is a device that rotates a propeller using the flow of water and rotates the generator with the power to generate electricity.

  However, these apparatuses have advantages and disadvantages, and are often used in consideration of the purpose of use and the installation location.

  On the other hand, in recent years, a vibration power generation apparatus that uses a piezoelectric material and converts kinetic energy into electric energy has attracted attention. This vibration power generation apparatus has an advantage that it can be reduced in size and weight as compared with the above-described wind power generator, solar battery, hydroelectric power generator and the like. Further, as kinetic energy, there is an advantage that fluids such as wind and water and energy of any vibration can be used.

  As a material using such a piezoelectric material, in Patent Document 1, a vibration plate is fixed to the vibration plate, and a vortex for generating an eddy current of air that vibrates the vibration plate when receiving wind. A piezoelectric wind power generator has been proposed that includes a generating member and a piezoelectric element that is fixed to the diaphragm and that can extract electric power by receiving vibration from the diaphragm.

  In Patent Document 2, a vibration generator that gallops and vibrates in one direction in response to a fluid flow, a vibration body that transmits a motion generated in the vibration generator and performs flexural vibration, and distortion energy due to the flexural vibration of the vibration body. Has proposed a power generation device including a transducer for converting electric energy into electrical energy.

Patent No. 3951438 JP 2006-226221 A

  In Patent Document 1 described above, a vortex generating member that generates an eddy current of air when wind is received by the diaphragm is fixed, and the diaphragm is vibrated by the eddy current of the air. By fixing the piezoelectric element that can extract electric power, it is considered that it has an energy conversion effect, has a relatively simple structure, and can be configured in a small size.

  Further, in Patent Document 2 described above, the galloping vibration generated by providing a plane perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid flow on the cross section of the vibration generator is not used as an energy source instead of the forced vibration due to the Karman vortex of the fluid flow. By using the power source, it is considered that it is possible to generate power for a wide range of flow rates with a simple structure using a fluid flow such as a water flow or wind.

  By the way, in order to increase the power generation efficiency by the electromotive force generated by the piezoelectric elements and transducers disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is necessary to use a plurality of these piezoelectric elements and transducers.

  However, in Patent Document 1, since a diaphragm that is opened to the left and right is required as a vibration source, the number of combinations of the diaphragm and the piezoelectric element increases, which makes it difficult to reduce the size and weight of the device. There has been a problem that power generation efficiency cannot be increased because wind cannot be efficiently applied to the diaphragm simply by increasing the combination of the diaphragm and the piezoelectric element.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, a vibration body attached with a vibration generator having a right-angled surface and a direction determining material for a fluid flow extending behind the vibration body are necessary as accompanying the vibration source. Therefore, the increase in the number of combinations of those associated with these vibration sources and transducers makes it difficult to reduce the size and weight of the device, as well as the above, and the vibration generator having a right angle surface. However, there is a problem in that power generation efficiency cannot be increased because fluid such as water flow or wind cannot be efficiently applied.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a condition, and it aims at providing the cylindrical fluid vibration electric power generating apparatus which can improve electric power generation efficiency with a simple structure.

Tubular fluid vibration generator according to the present invention includes a cylindrical member, disposed within said cylindrical-shaped member, a plurality of vibration electromotive force generating means for generating an electromotive force by receiving the fluid energy, the vibration electromotive force generating means a collector means for collect the electromotive force from, e Bei and a charging means for charging an electromotive force which is the current collector to the storage means by said collector means, the vibration electromotive force generating means, said cylindrical member And the current collecting means separates a DC component and an AC component of current obtained from an electromotive force generated by the piezoelectric element, and the separated DC component An impedance bond for outputting AC component power to the charging means via a power line, the impedance bond comprising: a primary coil connected to the piezoelectric element; a secondary coil connected to the power line; Next to the center of the next coil An AC component generated by electromotive force between both ends of the secondary coil, between one end of the secondary coil and the output end of the diode, and the other end of the secondary coil And a direct current component rectified by the diode between the diode and the output terminal of the diode .
Further, the tubular member is provided with a wind direction plate and a rotating means, and when the wind blows on the wind direction plate, the direction of the cylindrical member is directed to the windward via the rotating means. Can do.
The cylindrical member may be provided with a tilting means for tilting the cylindrical member.
In the cylindrical fluid vibration power generation device of the present invention, a plurality of vibration electromotive force generating means for generating electromotive force by receiving fluid energy by wind power or hydraulic power is arranged inside the cylindrical member, and from these vibration electromotive force generating means When the electromotive force is collected by the current collecting means, the electromotive force collected by the current collecting means is charged to the power storage means by the charging means.
Here, wind or water enters the tubular member, and when these wind or water passes through the inside of the tubular member, the wind speed or the flow rate of water increases and turbulence or vortex flow is generated. Therefore, even if the vibration electromotive force generating means is relatively small, the electromotive force is efficiently generated.

  According to the cylindrical fluid vibration power generation device of the present invention, the wind speed or the flow rate of water is increased inside the cylindrical member, turbulence or vortex is generated, and the electromotive force is generated even if the vibration electromotive force generating means is relatively small. Since it was made to produce efficiently, electric power generation efficiency can be improved with a simple structure.

It is a figure which shows the cylindrical fluid vibration power generator which converts the fluid energy by wind force into electrical energy based on 1st Embodiment of the cylindrical fluid vibration power generator of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the vibration electromotive force generation member of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the electromotive force collector of FIG. It is a figure which shows the vibration electromotive force generation member of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the outline | summary of the electric current generated by the electromotive force by the piezoelectric element of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the outline | summary of generation | occurrence | production of the electric current and voltage with respect to load resistance in the piezoelectric element of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the other example at the time of changing the structure of the cylindrical member of FIG. It is a figure which shows 2nd Embodiment which concerns on the cylindrical fluid vibration electric power generating apparatus which converts the fluid energy by hydraulic power into electrical energy.

(First embodiment)
Details of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a first embodiment of the cylindrical fluid vibration power generation device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a vibration electromotive force generating member, and FIG. 3 is an electromotive force. It is a figure for demonstrating a current collector.

  First, the cylindrical fluid vibration power generation device 1 shown in FIG. 1 converts fluid energy generated by wind power into electric energy, and is installed in an environment that is susceptible to wind power. It can be attached. The cylindrical fluid vibration power generator 1 can be used as a power source for electronic equipment sensors, a power source for road safety support devices such as roadside lightning signs, and a power source for a crime prevention system.

  Moreover, the cylindrical fluid vibration power generation device 1 includes a cylindrical member 10, a vibration electromotive force generation member 20 that is a vibration electromotive force generation unit, an electromotive force current collector 30 that is a current collection unit, and a charge that is a charging unit. Device 40. In the drawing, reference numeral 50 indicates a storage battery, reference numeral 60 indicates a load control device, and reference numeral 70 indicates a load.

  The cylindrical member 10 has substantially the same diameter from the inlet 11 through which the wind enters to the outlet 12 through which the wind escapes, and is hollow from the inlet 11 through which the wind enters to the outlet 12 through which the wind exits. The cross-section of the cylindrical member 10 can have various shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, a rhombus, a quadrangle, a hexagon, and an octagon.

  The tubular member 10 is assumed to be installed outdoors. For example, a PVC pipe (polycarbonate), a pipe (polyvinyl chloride), a SUS pipe (stainless steel), an Al (aluminum pipe), etc. having excellent corrosion resistance. Can be configured. Further, on the lower surface side of the cylindrical member 10, a rotary table 13 including a rotary shaft 13a and a rotary bearing 13b is attached. In addition, a plurality of mounting holes 15 for mounting a piezoelectric element 22 to be described later are provided on the lower surface side of the cylindrical member 10.

  A wind direction plate 14 is attached to the upper surface side of the cylindrical member 10. When the wind direction plate 14 is winded, the inlet 11 of the tubular member 10 is directed to the windward via the rotary table 13.

  The vibration electromotive force generating member 20 generates electromotive force upon receiving fluid energy from the wind, and is mounted in the plurality of mounting holes 15 on the lower surface side of the cylindrical member 10. The vibration electromotive force generating members 20 may be arranged on the same line along the axial direction of the cylindrical member 10, but are preferably arranged in a staggered manner. Since the rear vibration electromotive force generation member 20 does not overlap the front vibration electromotive force generation member 20 by arranging in a staggered manner in this way, the wind weakened by the front vibration electromotive force generation member 20 is behind The vibration electromotive force generating member 20 is not hit, and wind force can be received efficiently.

  Moreover, the vibration electromotive force generating member 20 has a diaphragm 21 and a piezoelectric element 22 as shown in FIG. The diaphragm 21 has a rod shape and is made of a member having corrosion resistance, impact resistance, and a certain degree of flexibility. In addition, since the vibration plate 21 is required to have amplitude restoration and durability, it can be formed by thin plate processing of SUS (stainless steel), thin plate processing of phosphor bronze, thin plate processing of a spring material, or the like. Further, the lower end side of the diaphragm 21 is directly attached to the upper surface side of the piezoelectric element 22.

  The piezoelectric element 22 has a configuration in which piezoelectric ceramics 23 and 24 are bonded together via a coupling member 25. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the piezoelectric element 22 is mounted in the mounting hole 15 of the cylindrical member 10, and the left end side is attached to the edge of the mounting hole 15 of the cylindrical member 10 via the fixing member 26, for example. It is supposed to be. Accordingly, the right end portion side of the piezoelectric element 22 becomes a free end, and the right end portion side is displaced up and down according to the vibration of the diaphragm 21 with the left end portion side as a fulcrum. In addition, one end sides of lead wires 23 a and 23 b connected to the electromotive force current collector 30 are connected to the piezoelectric ceramics 23 and 24.

  The electromotive force current collector 30 collects the electromotive force generated by the piezoelectric element 22. Further, the electromotive force current collecting device 30 has an impedance bond as shown in FIG. 3 for separating the direct current component and the alternating current component of the current obtained from the electromotive force generated by the piezoelectric element 22, for example. The DC component power and AC component power separated by the impedance bond are sent to the charging device 40 via the power line 80a.

  That is, the impedance bond 31 shown in FIG. 3 has a primary coil 32, a magnetic core 33, and a secondary coil 34.

  The primary coil 32 is provided with lead terminals 32a and 32b connected to the lead wires 23a and 23b described above. The secondary coil 34 is provided with terminals 34a, 34b, and 34c. Here, the terminal 34 b is connected to substantially the center of the secondary coil 34. A diode 35 is provided between the terminal 34 b and the secondary coil 34.

  In such an impedance bond 31, the current (alternating current component) generated by the electromotive force generated by the piezoelectric element 22 flows through the primary coil 32, so that the secondary coil 34 interferes with the change in the magnetic field of the primary coil 32. An electromotive force is generated.

  At this time, the current (alternating current component) generated by the electromotive force between the terminals 34a and 34c is taken out. Further, a current (DC component) rectified by the diode 35 is taken out between the terminals 34a and 34b and between the terminals 34b and 34c.

  The charging device 40 charges the storage battery 50 with the power collected by the electromotive force current collecting device 30 via the power line 80b. As the storage battery 50, a battery, a lithium ion storage battery, or the like can be used.

  The load control device 60 is connected to the storage battery 50 via the power line 80c. The load control device 60 performs supply control of the charging power of the storage battery 50 supplied to the load 70 through the power line 80d. Here, the load 70 may be an LED illumination light, a warning light, a guide light, or the like installed outdoors. Therefore, the load control device 60 can perform control to start power supply to the load 70, for example, when the surroundings start to darken.

  Note that the load control device 60 may have a timer for notifying the start of power supply to the load 70, data indicating the start of power supply to the load 70, and the like. It is also possible to mount a receiver in the load control device 60 and control the start of power supply to the load 70 wirelessly from the outside. The load 70 can be a mobile device such as a portable terminal.

  Next, operation | movement of the cylindrical fluid vibration electric power generating apparatus 1 is demonstrated using FIGS. Here, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the vibration electromotive force generating member 20 of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the outline of the current generated by the electromotive force by the piezoelectric element 22, and FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the outline | summary of generation | occurrence | production of an electric current and voltage.

  First, the cylindrical member 10 is installed outdoors. In this case, the rotary bearing 13b of the rotary table 13 is fixed to an arbitrary part using a fastening member such as a bolt. Moreover, the vibration electromotive force generating member 20 electromotive force current collecting device 30, the charging device 40, the storage battery 50, and the load control device 60 are stored in a predetermined storage box.

  Then, when wind blows on the wind direction plate 14 attached to the upper surface side of the tubular member 10, the inlet 11 of the tubular member 10 is directed upwind via the rotary table 13. At this time, when the wind that has entered from the inlet 11 of the tubular member 10 passes through the inside of the tubular member 10, the wind speed increases and turbulence is generated.

  Thereby, since the wind force to the diaphragm 21 of the vibration electromotive force generating member 20 is increased, even if the diaphragm 21 is rod-shaped, at least the left side (arrow a) as shown in FIG. 4A or 4B. Direction) or right side (arrow b direction). At this time, in the state shown in FIG. 4A, the piezoelectric ceramic 23 of the piezoelectric element 22 contracts and the piezoelectric ceramic 24 of the piezoelectric element 22 expands, so that the electromotive force is-on the lead wire 23a side and + on the lead wire 23b side. Will occur.

  On the other hand, in the state shown in FIG. 4B, the piezoelectric ceramic 23 of the piezoelectric element 22 expands and the piezoelectric ceramic 24 of the piezoelectric element 22 contracts, so that an electromotive force that is + on the lead wire 23a side and − on the lead wire 23b side is generated. Occur.

  In this case, a current as shown in FIG. 5 is generated by the electromotive force generated by the piezoelectric element 22. Since the generated current includes a direct current component and an alternating current component as described above, the generated current is separated into the direct current component and the alternating current component by the impedance bond of the electromotive force current collector 30, and is sent to the charging device 40. Is done.

  Thus, the current generated by the electromotive force generated by the piezoelectric element 22 is efficiently collected by the electromotive force collector 30. FIG. 5 merely shows an outline of generation of current due to electromotive force by the piezoelectric element 22, and it goes without saying that the current waveform varies depending on the configuration and number of the piezoelectric elements 22 and the like.

  Then, the power collected by the electromotive force current collecting device 30 by the charging device 40 is charged to the storage battery 50 via the power line 80b. When, for example, a predetermined time is reached, the load control device 60 loads the power via the power line 80d. Supply of the charging power of the storage battery 50 supplied to 70 is started.

  Here, the conversion efficiency when the kinetic energy generated by the piezoelectric element 22 of the vibration electromotive force generating member 20 is converted into electric energy depends on the relationship with the load resistance due to the load 70. That is, it is known that the load resistance due to the load 70 and the current and voltage due to the electromotive force of the piezoelectric element 22 have a relationship as shown in FIG. As can be seen from the figure, the voltage increases as the load resistance increases. On the other hand, the current shows a constant value of about 10 mA up to about 10,000Ω, but decreases to about 1 mA when it exceeds 10,000Ω.

  Therefore, in order to increase the conversion efficiency when converting the kinetic energy generated by the piezoelectric element 22 of the vibration electromotive force generating member 20 into electric energy, for example, the current may be up to about 10000Ω indicating a constant value of about 10 mA. I understand. FIG. 6 merely shows an outline of the relationship between the load resistance and the current and voltage due to the electromotive force. Of course, the relationship varies depending on the configuration and number of the piezoelectric elements 22 and the like, as described above.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, the vibration composed of the vibration plate 21 and the piezoelectric element 22 which are a plurality of vibration electromotive force generating means for generating electromotive force by receiving fluid energy by wind power inside the cylindrical member 10. When the electromotive force generating member 20 is arranged and the electromotive force from the vibration electromotive force generating member 20 is collected by the electromotive force current collecting device 30 as current collecting means, the current is collected by the electromotive force current collecting device 30. The electromotive force is charged in the storage battery 50 as the storage means by the charging device 40 as the charging means.

  Thereby, when the wind passes through the inside of the cylindrical member 10, the wind speed increases and turbulence is generated. Therefore, even if the vibration electromotive force generating member 20 is relatively small, the electromotive force can be generated efficiently. The power generation efficiency can be increased with a simple configuration.

  Further, in the first embodiment, the cylindrical member 10 is provided with the wind direction plate 14 and the rotary table 13 including the rotation shaft 13a and the rotation bearing 13b as rotation means. Since the direction of the cylindrical member 10 is directed to the windward via the table 13, the wind can be taken into the cylindrical member 10 efficiently.

  In the first embodiment, the diameter of the cylindrical member 10 is substantially the same from the inlet 11 through which the wind enters to the outlet 12 through which the wind escapes. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, as shown in FIG. In addition, a trumpet-like configuration may be employed in which the inlet 11a side into which the wind enters is larger than the diameter of the outlet 12.

  In this case, since the amount of air entering from the inlet 11a of the tubular member 10 increases, the wind speed further increases when the wind passes through the inside of the tubular member 10, so the wind speed around the tubular member 10 is weak. Also, the vibration plate 21 of the vibration electromotive force generating member 20 can be vibrated more reliably.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a cylindrical fluid vibration power generation apparatus 1A that converts fluid energy generated by hydraulic power into electric energy. In the following description, parts common to those in FIG.

  The cylindrical fluid vibration power generation apparatus 1A shown in FIG. 1 has the cylindrical fluid of FIG. 1 in that the wind direction plate 14 of FIG. 1 is omitted and the rotary table 13 of FIG. This is different from the vibration power generator 1. Further, since the cylindrical fluid vibration power generation device 1A uses fluid energy by hydraulic power, the cylindrical fluid vibration power generation device 1 of FIG. 1 is also different in that the periphery of the piezoelectric element 22 is covered with a waterproof member 20a. Is different.

  Moreover, since the cylindrical fluid vibration power generation device 1A in this embodiment is used for hydraulic power, it is used by being connected to, for example, a rain gutter water pipe of a house. In such a cylindrical fluid vibration power generation device 1A, for example, even in an area where commercial power cannot be used, similarly to the above, the power source of an electronic device sensor, the power source of a road safety support device such as a roadside lightning sign, the security system It can be used as a power source or the like.

  Here, the tilting table 16 is attached to the lower surface side of the cylindrical member 10 at the upper end side, and a rotation support shaft 16b having, for example, a rotation ball 16a on the lower end side, and a rotation for rotatably supporting the rotation ball 16a. And a rotation support bearing 16d having a support portion 16c. By attaching such an inclined table 16 to the lower surface side of the cylindrical member 10 of the cylindrical fluid vibration power generation device 1A, the direction of the inlet 11 can be inclined at least up and down, and the direction along the flow of water The entrance 11 can be directed to the side.

  In addition, in the inclination table 16, since the cylindrical member 10 should just be able to incline up and down at least, it is good also as a hinge-like simple joint structure.

  In such a cylindrical fluid vibration power generation device 1 </ b> A, for example, when connected to a gutter water distribution pipe of a house and the water in the gutter water distribution pipe enters the cylindrical member 10, the inlet 11 of the cylindrical member 10 is used. When the water that has entered from the inside passes through the inside of the tubular member 10, the flow rate of the water increases and a vortex is generated.

  Thereby, the diaphragm 21 of the vibration electromotive force generating member 20 alternately vibrates at least on the left side (arrow a direction) or the right side (arrow b direction) as shown in FIG. 4A or 4B described above. .

  As described above, an electromotive force generated by the piezoelectric element 22 generates a current containing a direct current component and an alternating current component, which is separated into a direct current component and an alternating current component by the impedance bond of the electromotive force current collector 30. And sent to the charging device 40.

  Furthermore, the power collected by the electromotive force current collector 30 by the charging device 40 is charged to the storage battery 50 via the power line 80b. When, for example, a predetermined time is reached, the load controller 60 loads the power via the power line 80d. Supply of the charging power of the storage battery 50 supplied to 70 is started.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, since the cylindrical member 10 is provided with the tilting table 16 that is a tilting means for tilting the cylindrical member 10, the cylindrical member 10 is aligned in the direction along the flow of water. Since the direction of the shape member 10 can be adjusted and water can be taken into the cylindrical member 10 efficiently, as in the first embodiment, even if the vibration electromotive force generating member 20 is relatively small, Electric power can be generated efficiently, and power generation efficiency can be increased with a simple configuration.

  The present invention is applicable to a non-powered device that does not receive external power supply.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A Cylindrical fluid vibration power generator 10 Cylindrical member 11, 11a Inlet 12 Outlet 13 Rotary table 14 Wind direction plate 15 Mounting hole 16 Inclination table 20 Vibration electromotive force generating member 20a Waterproof member 21 Diaphragm 22 Piezoelectric element 23, 24 Piezoelectric Ceramics 26 Fixed member 30 Electromotive force current collector 40 Charging device 50 Storage battery 60 Load control device 70 Load

Claims (3)

A tubular member;
A plurality of vibration electromotive force generating means arranged in the cylindrical member and receiving electromotive force to generate electromotive force;
A collector means for collect the electromotive force from the oscillating electromotive force generating means,
Bei give a, a charging means for charging an electromotive force which is the current collector to the storage means by said collector means,
The vibration electromotive force generating means has a diaphragm and a piezoelectric element attached to the cylindrical member,
The current collecting means separates a DC component and an AC component of a current obtained from an electromotive force generated by the piezoelectric element, and outputs the separated DC component and AC component power to the charging means via a power line. Has an impedance bond to
The impedance bond has a primary coil connected to the piezoelectric element, a secondary coil connected to the power line, and a diode connected to the center of the secondary coil,
AC component generated by electromotive force between both ends of the secondary coil, between one end of the secondary coil and the output end of the diode, and between the other end of the secondary coil and the output end of the diode And a direct current component rectified by the diode in between . The cylindrical member is provided with a wind direction plate and a rotating means,
The cylindrical fluid vibration power generator according to claim 1, wherein when the wind blows on the wind direction plate, the cylindrical member is directed upward on the wind via the rotating means.   The cylindrical fluid vibration power generator according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical member is provided with a tilting means for tilting the cylindrical member.

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