JP5217852B2 - Refrigeration cycle equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus such as an air conditioner, a refrigerator, or a water heater that uses a refrigeration cycle that compresses and circulates a refrigerant in a compressor, absorbs heat from a low-temperature heat source, and exhausts heat to the high-temperature heat source. The present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus that enables an operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance of electric power for the purpose of stabilizing the quality of electric power supplied from the factory.

  In recent power consumption, air conditioners using a compression refrigeration cycle (compression heat pump cycle) have become widespread due to their high energy efficiency, and the proportion of power consumed by air conditioners has increased. Yes. For example, in general households, the amount of power consumed by home air conditioners (generally called room air conditioners) has accounted for about 25% of the total power consumption in homes. Although it has high energy efficiency due to the heat pump action, it is said to be an electric appliance with high power consumption.

  The household refrigerator is also a highly efficient household electrical appliance using a heat pump cycle, but its power consumption is the second highest after the room air conditioner (air conditioner) in general households, about 16%. It is said to occupy.

  In addition, a heat pump water heater that operates a compression refrigeration cycle using midnight power, heat-exchanges the refrigerant and water to make hot water, and supplies the hot water to the tank, reduces the running cost and hot water supply. Due to the widespread use of energy savings in the background of the effect of suppressing global warming, the proportion of power consumption of such hot water heaters is increasing as the amount of power consumption at midnight.

  For this reason, the amount of power consumed by operating air conditioners, refrigerators, and hot water heaters in the middle of the night is the power supply side (supply side), such as the power system, and the side that consumes power from electrical appliances including general households. It is considered as one of the factors that fluctuate the power supply / demand balance with (demand side).

  Many power systems that supply electricity use rotary generators that burn fossil fuels such as oil and coal, turn water into steam, and rotate and generate electricity using a turbine that rotates with the steam. Yes. Such a rotary generator generates power at a certain frequency as long as the balance between supply and demand of power (supply-demand balance) is maintained. For example, power is stably generated at a frequency of 50 Hz in the Kanto region and 60 Hz in the Kansai region.

  However, if the supply and demand balance of electric power is disrupted and power supply becomes insufficient, the frequency naturally decreases due to the characteristics of the rotary generator, and conversely, if the supply becomes excessive, the frequency naturally increases. The power quality generally refers to each of the frequency and voltage of the supplied power, but in this specification, the power quality covers only the frequency of the supplied power unless otherwise specified. In power generation mainly using a rotary generator, the supply and demand balance of power is disrupted, so the frequency of supplied power increases and decreases, and the stability of power quality cannot be maintained.

  In addition, in the power system that supplies power, in recent years, the introduction of power generation facilities that use natural energy such as wind power and solar power has been expanded from the viewpoint of suppressing global warming in parallel with power generation by rotary generators. It is going The natural energy power generation facility generates power in synchronization with the frequency of the power generated by the rotary generator. However, since natural energy such as wind power and sunlight depends on the weather, it is difficult to stably supply the power generated by these.

  If power is supplied mainly by such power generation by natural energy, there is a possibility that the supply power is suddenly insufficient due to a sudden weather change, and it is difficult to maintain stable power quality. For this reason, the power system must be mainly generated by the rotary generator, and the power generation by the natural energy power generation facility is an auxiliary level of the power generation of the rotary generator, and further introduction and expansion cannot be made easily.

  On the power supply side, in order to avoid a shortage of power supply, the power supply side has a margin for the demand prediction and generates a little more power than the demand prediction. However, if these extra power generations are not consumed on the demand side, the power cannot be stored and must be discarded as surplus power. In order to suppress global warming, the power supply side wants to avoid the generation of such surplus power as much as possible. However, if power is generated without a margin for demand forecasting, it will become surplus power because the power supply will be insufficient if the demand is slightly higher than forecasted, and it will not be possible to maintain stable power quality. There is no power, but we have to generate a little more power than demand forecast.

  When the supply and demand balance of power is lost and the frequency of supplied power fluctuates, the frequency of power obtained by inserting a power plug into a household outlet in an air conditioner or water heater, that is, the frequency of the power supply Due to the abnormality, loss may occur in various electric circuits and the operation efficiency may deteriorate, or the current to the compressor may be cut off and the operation may be stopped. Here, the frequency of the power supply is the frequency of the supplied power when viewed from the demand side, that is, the electric appliance that consumes power. The frequency of the power source and the frequency of the supplied power are the same frequency, and when viewed from the supply side, the frequency of the supplied power is obtained, and when viewed from the demand side, the frequency of the power source is obtained.

  In the worst case, if the power supply-demand balance is greatly disrupted, there is a risk that a frequency fluctuation of several percent of power will occur and the rotary generator will stop abnormally, resulting in a large-scale power outage.

  In the power system that supplies power, to further expand the introduction of power generation using natural energy such as wind power and sunlight, or to suppress as much as possible wasteful power generation that would be discarded as surplus power, This is effective for preventing global warming, but in order to maintain the balance between power supply and demand and to stabilize power quality, these aggressive developments are handled only by the power supplier. Then it is difficult to realize.

  On the other hand, electrical appliances that are on the demand side do not have means to operate so as to maintain a balance between power supply and demand. If the user of the electrical appliance is intentionally aware of the supply and demand balance of power, for example, if it is an air conditioner, the operation may be performed such as changing the set temperature as soon as the supply and demand balance is lost. The power supply / demand balance cannot be recognized at all times. Therefore, at present, by adjusting the amount of power generation, the power supply / demand balance is maintained only on the power supply side. For this reason, the power supply side cannot actively expand the use of natural energy or actively suppress wasteful power generation that becomes surplus power.

  Against this backdrop, as a technology to stabilize the power quality by maintaining the power supply-demand balance so that the power supply-demand balance does not collapse, the frequency of the supplied power is measured, and the power supply based on this frequency is measured. By determining the supply and demand balance state, the power consumption of the water heater is controlled by controlling the water heater so that the power consumption of the water heater decreases when the supply is insufficient, and conversely the power consumption of the water heater increases when the supply is excessive. A power system stabilization system that balances the supply and demand has been proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

WO2007 / 094054 (page 1-6, FIG. 1)

  In Patent Document 1, the frequency of the supplied power is called the frequency of the power system or the system frequency.

  Active expansion of the use of natural energy in the power system that supplies power and the suppression of wasteful power generation that becomes surplus power supply power in order to maintain power supply and demand balance and to stabilize power quality. Since it is difficult to realize by the response on the part of the power source alone, there is a need to operate the electric appliance that consumes power on the demand side so as to adjust the power supply / demand balance. In particular, refrigeration cycle devices such as air conditioners, refrigerators, and water heaters, which are considered to be one of the factors that have a high power consumption and fluctuate the power supply-demand balance, can be operated to balance the power supply-demand balance. Means are needed.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a method for adjusting the power supply-demand balance on the demand side that consumes power. However, how is the system frequency measuring device that measures the frequency (system frequency) of the supplied power to determine the power supply / demand balance state, and how it operates to measure the frequency of the supplied power? There is no description of what is being done, and the specific method for measuring the frequency of the supplied power is unknown. Further, it is not certain whether the system frequency measuring device is built in the hot water heater or is a device separate from the hot water heater and transmitting the measurement result from the outside to the hot water heater.

  When trying to determine the power supply / demand imbalance by measuring the frequency of the supplied power (the frequency of the power supply when viewed from the device side), it is necessary to be able to detect a 1% level (about 0.5 Hz) frequency fluctuation. Incorporating such high-accuracy frequency measurement means in the refrigeration cycle apparatus that is a demand-side electrical device, particularly a household refrigeration cycle apparatus, is feasible due to an increase in product cost and a shortage of storage space inside the device. There is a problem that it is difficult to widely disseminate a refrigeration cycle apparatus that is low and can determine the power supply / demand balance state from the frequency of the power source.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and it is possible to accurately determine the power supply / demand balance state by accurately detecting the frequency fluctuation of the power source with an inexpensive configuration with a built-in control device. An object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus that can be operated to adjust the power supply / demand balance by increasing / decreasing the power consumption of the refrigeration cycle apparatus so that the supply / demand balance is stable when the supply / demand balance is lost. Is.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present invention is a refrigeration cycle apparatus using a refrigeration cycle in which a refrigerant is circulated by a compressor having a variable number of revolutions, equipped with a microcomputer having a clock oscillation circuit for generating a clock signal, A control device that controls the operation of the refrigeration cycle, a power supply zero-cross circuit that is provided in the control device and detects the voltage zero point of the AC voltage of the power source input to the refrigeration cycle device, The microcomputer includes a circuit, and the microcomputer uses the clock signal of the clock oscillation circuit to capture the period of the alternating voltage of the power supply from the interval of the voltage zero point detected by the power supply zero cross circuit, thereby A frequency measurement circuit of a power supply for measuring the frequency of the clock oscillation circuit , Be those using a ceramic oscillator, the control device, a reference frequency for a predetermined time in the frequency of the power frequency measuring circuit is measured the power and averaging process, frequency measurement of the power supply with respect to the reference frequency The fluctuation amount of the frequency of the power source measured by the circuit is obtained, and when the fluctuation amount of the frequency of the power source deviates from a predetermined range, the rotation speed of the compressor is changed.

The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present invention can accurately determine the power supply / demand balance state by accurately detecting the frequency fluctuation of the power supply with an inexpensive configuration with a built-in control device, and when the power supply / demand balance is disrupted, It is possible to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus that can be operated to adjust the power supply / demand balance by increasing / decreasing the power consumption of the refrigeration cycle apparatus so that the supply / demand balance becomes stable.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the first embodiment, a home air conditioner (room air conditioner) will be described as an example of the refrigeration cycle apparatus.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an example of the configuration of the power system 50 and the demand side in the present invention. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram illustrating a refrigerant circuit and the like of the air conditioner 100 according to the first embodiment. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the indoor unit 101 of the air conditioner 100, and FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the control device of the air conditioner 100. As shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the voltage waveform of the power supply and the output signal of the power supply zero-cross circuit 207 provided in the outdoor control device 14, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the main body of the indoor unit 101 of the air conditioner 100. is there.

  In FIG. 1, a region surrounded by a broken line is a power system 50 on the power supply side, and roughly represents one power plant. As shown in FIG. 1, the power system 50 includes a plurality of rotary generators 104 (three shown in the figure, 104a, 104b, and 104c, respectively) that generate power by burning fossil fuel such as oil and coal. However, the number is not limited to three and may be more.) And a solar power generation facility 105 that generates power using sunlight, which is natural energy, and a wind power generation facility 106 that generates power using wind power, It is connected.

  The rotary generator 104 burns fossil fuels such as oil and coal to convert water into steam, and rotates by a turbine rotated by the steam to generate electric power. The frequency of the power supplied by the power system 50 is determined by the power generation of the rotary generator 104, and the solar power generation facility 105 and the wind power generation facility 106 generate power in synchronization with the frequency.

  A plurality of houses 103 (customers) having electrical appliances on the demand side that consumes power are connected to the power transmission line 107 from the power system 50. And each consumer consumes the electric power which the electric power system 50 supplies by obtaining the electric power which the electric power system 50 supplies from the outlet of the house 103 via the electric power transmission line 107, and operating the electric appliance which each holds. Yes. One of such electric appliances is an air conditioner 100 shown in FIG. 1, and as shown, the air conditioner 100 includes an indoor unit 101 installed indoors and an outdoor unit installed outdoors. 102. An indoor / outdoor communication cable 13 for transmitting power from the indoor unit 101 to the outdoor unit 102 is connected between the two.

  The rotary generator 104 of the power system 50 has a constant frequency as long as the balance between the power supplied by the power system 50, that is, the power supply side, and the power consumed by the demand side (power supply / demand balance) is stably maintained. To generate electricity. The electric power system 50 generates power at 50 Hz. That is, the standard frequency of power supplied by the power system 50 is 50 Hz. If the power supply / demand balance is disrupted and the power is excessively supplied, the frequency of the supplied power will naturally increase due to the characteristics of the rotary generator 104. Conversely, if the power is insufficiently supplied, the frequency will naturally be descend. Therefore, the power supply / demand balance state can generally be determined by grasping the frequency of the supplied power.

  When viewed from the demand side, the frequency of the supplied power is the frequency of the power obtained by inserting the power plug into the outlet in the house, and this will be called the frequency of the power supply in this specification. If the electric appliance can grasp the frequency of the power supply, it is possible to determine the power supply / demand balance state even on the demand side. The air conditioner 100 according to the first embodiment includes means capable of grasping the frequency of the power supply, and a detailed description thereof will be described later.

  As described above, the frequency of the power source is the frequency of the supplied power when viewed from the demand side, that is, the consumer who consumes the power, and the electric appliance, and the frequency of the power source and the frequency of the supplied power are the same frequency. The frequency viewed from the supply side (power system 50) is the frequency of the supplied power, and the frequency viewed from the demand side (house 103) is the frequency of the power source. Since it is easier to understand by using different explanations according to each position, both are used in the following, but they are the same frequency.

  In order to suppress global warming, the electric power system 50 is desired to more actively expand the introduction of power generation utilizing natural energy such as wind power and solar light that does not burn fuel and emit carbon dioxide. . The solar power generation facility 105 and the wind power generation facility 106 are difficult to stably supply power because the amount of power generation is affected by the weather. However, if the electric appliance on the demand side is operated to adjust the power supply-demand balance, the weather will be temporarily Even if the power supply amount by the power generation of the solar power generation facility 105 or the wind power generation facility 106 fluctuates suddenly, the power consumption is adjusted on the demand side accordingly, and the stability of the power quality is maintained. In the power system 50, it is only necessary to take measures to recover the power supply immediately after a sudden change in weather, and the introduction of power generation utilizing natural energy such as wind power or sunlight can be further expanded.

  As will be described later, in the housing 103, the power supply / demand balance state is determined by grasping the frequency of the power supply, and when it is determined that the power supply / demand balance is broken, an operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is possible. An air conditioner 100 is installed. In the power system 50, the wind power generation facility 106 and the solar power generation facility 105 are utilized to the maximum, and the rotary generator 104 supplies electric power as an operation of only one unit.

  Here, the amount of power generated by the wind power generation facility 106 and the solar power generation facility 105 suddenly decreases due to a change in the weather and power supply becomes insufficient, or the power consumption increases rapidly on the demand side to supply power. If the power system becomes insufficient, the power system 50 immediately increases the number of operating power generators by increasing the number of rotating generators 104 to two or three as a measure for restoring the power supply amount. During the period of taking measures to recover the power supply amount, the power supply temporarily becomes insufficient. During this period, the air conditioner 100 according to the first embodiment, which is on the demand side, reduces the power consumption and generates power. By performing the operation that balances the supply and demand, the stability of the power supply and demand balance is ensured and the stability of the power quality is maintained.

  In the conventional power system, the electric appliances on the demand side could not expect such operation to balance the supply and demand of such power, so in order to maintain stable power quality, natural energy whose power generation depends on the weather However, since the demand-side housing 103 includes the air conditioner 100 of the first embodiment, the wind power generation facility 106 as in the electric power system 50 can not be developed. And the solar power generation facility 105 to the maximum, it is possible to minimize the operation of the rotary generator 104 according to the power demand, and to suppress the emission of carbon dioxide generated when burning fuel as much as possible. A power system (power plant) can be realized.

  Thus, the air conditioner 100 according to the first embodiment will be described in detail, in which the power supply / demand balance state is determined by grasping the frequency of the power supply, and if this breaks down, the operation can immediately adjust the power supply / demand balance. To do. First, the overall configuration and basic operation of the air conditioner 100 will be described, and then the power source frequency measuring means of the air conditioner 100, operation control based on the grasped power source frequency, and the like will be described in detail. .

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this air conditioner 100 is a separate type composed of an indoor unit 101 installed indoors and an outdoor unit 102 installed outdoors. Between 102, the refrigerant circuit is connected by connection piping 11a, 11b. The connection pipe 11a is a liquid-side connection pipe through which the refrigerant passes through the condensation step, and the connection pipe 11b is a gas-side connection pipe through which the refrigerant passes through the evaporation step.

  A control device for controlling the operation of the air conditioner 100 is installed in each of the indoor unit 101 and the outdoor unit 102. The indoor unit 101 has an indoor control device 12 and the outdoor unit 102 has an outdoor control device 14. The Each has a control board, and various circuits for controlling the operation of the air conditioner 100 are formed on the board. The indoor side control device 12 and the outdoor side control device 14 are connected by an indoor / outdoor communication cable 13. The indoor / outdoor communication cable 13 is bundled together with the connecting pipes 11a and 11b.

  The outdoor unit 102 includes a compressor 1 that compresses and discharges refrigerant, a refrigerant flow switching valve 5 that switches the flow direction of the refrigerant (hereinafter referred to as a four-way valve 5), and outdoor heat that exchanges heat between the outside air and the refrigerant. The exchanger 8 is provided with a decompression device 7 (hereinafter referred to as an expansion valve 7) such as an electronically controlled expansion valve that can change the opening degree and depressurize a high-pressure refrigerant to a low pressure. An indoor heat exchanger 6 that performs heat exchange with the refrigerant is disposed. These are sequentially connected by pipes including connection pipes 11a and 11b to constitute a refrigerant circuit, that is, a compression refrigeration cycle (compression heat pump cycle) in which refrigerant is circulated by the compressor 1. Here, R410A, which is an HFC mixed refrigerant, is used as a refrigerant that is a working fluid that circulates in the refrigeration cycle.

  As the refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle, the air conditioner 100 uses the HFC mixed refrigerant R410A, which is most frequently used in current home air conditioners (room air conditioners). However, it is not limited to this. Other refrigerants such as an air conditioner using flammable or toxic non-toxic carbon dioxide can be applied. For example, HFC refrigerant R32 or hydrocarbon natural refrigerant (propane It is also possible to use a refrigerant such as isobutane.

  The compressor 1 contains a rotary mechanism, a scroll type compression mechanism section, and an electric motor that drives the compressor mechanism section in an airtight container, and the electric power is transmitted through a glass terminal installed in the airtight container. When the electric motor is transmitted to the electric motor and rotated by the electric power, a low-pressure refrigerant is sucked into the compression mechanism and compressed, and discharged to the discharge pipe 2 outside the sealed container. The electric motor of the compressor 1 changes the number of rotations according to the voltage and frequency of supplied electric power. The electric motor of the compressor 1 is a DC in which a rare earth or ferrite permanent magnet is embedded in the rotor iron core. A brushless motor is used.

  In order to change the rotational speed of the compressor 1, it is the compressor drive circuit 15 configured on the control board of the outdoor control device 14 that changes the voltage and frequency of the power supplied to the compressor 1. . The operation start and stop of the compressor 1 are also controlled by the compressor drive circuit 15. The rotational speed of the electric motor of the compressor 1 is referred to as the rotational speed of the compressor 1. The compressor 1 is inverter-controlled by the compressor drive circuit 15 so that the rotational speed can be changed, that is, the rotational speed is variable. Thus, the compressor drive circuit 15 controls the operation of the compressor 1.

  The compressor 1 is an accumulator that temporarily stores the refrigerant that has not been completely evaporated and has arrived at the compressor 1 on the upstream side of the compressor mechanism portion and that has not been evaporated, thereby avoiding liquid compression in the compression mechanism portion. The accumulator 4 is connected to a suction pipe 3 for a refrigeration cycle.

  An indoor fan 9 that is a blower is installed near the indoor heat exchanger 6 inside the indoor unit 101, and is controlled by an indoor fan drive circuit incorporated on the control board of the indoor control device 12, and the indoor fan 9 starts and stops, and the rotation speed is changed. Similarly, in the outdoor unit 102, an outdoor fan 10 as a blower is installed near the outdoor heat exchanger 8, and the outdoor fan 10 is controlled by an outdoor fan drive circuit incorporated on the control board of the outdoor control device 14. Then, the operation of the outdoor fan 10 is started and stopped, and the rotation speed is changed.

  The indoor fan 9 promotes heat exchange between air and refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 6, and the outdoor fan 10 promotes heat exchange between the air and the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 8. Basically, the rotational speed of both the indoor fan 9 and the outdoor fan 10 is linked to the rotational speed of the compressor 1, and when the compressor 1 is operated at a high speed and the refrigerant circulation amount flowing through the refrigerant circuit is large. The rotational speeds of the indoor fan 9 and the outdoor fan 10 are also increased, and the amount of heat exchange between the refrigerant and the air in the indoor heat exchanger 6 and the outdoor heat exchanger 8 is increased.

  The room temperature thermistor 18 detects the actual current room temperature (the temperature of the air-conditioned room), and this detection signal is transmitted to the indoor control device 12. Information on the temperature requested by the user, that is, the set temperature, is also transmitted to the indoor control device 12 by an external operation device 25 such as a wireless remote controller (hereinafter referred to as the remote controller 25). The indoor control device 12 calculates a building load based on the difference between the temperature (room temperature) detected by the room temperature thermistor 18 and the set temperature, and outputs a signal for changing the rotational speed of the compressor 1 in accordance with the calculated building load. This is sent to the outdoor control device 14 via the external communication cable 13. The outdoor side control device 14 controls the compressor 1 to a rotational speed corresponding to the building load by the compressor drive circuit 15 based on a signal from the indoor side control device 12.

  The variable range of the rotational speed of the compressor 1 is finite, and in this air conditioner 100, the normal maximum operating rotational speed (maximum allowable rotational speed) of the compressor 1 is 120 rps. Therefore, the compressor drive circuit 15 does not supply the compressor 1 with a frequency and a voltage corresponding to the rotation speed higher than 120 rps.

  The indoor / outdoor communication cable 13 receives not only the communication line 13c for exchanging control signals between the indoor side control device 12 and the outdoor side control device 14, but also the power obtained by inserting the power plug 22 into the indoor outlet. Power supply lines 13a and 13b that are transmitted from the machine 101 to the outdoor unit 102 are also included. The compressor 1, the outdoor fan 10 and the like are operated by the electric power transmitted from the power lines 13a and 13b.

  The outdoor control device 14 detects the electric current (operating current) transmitted to the outdoor unit 102 through the indoor / outdoor communication cable 13. The current detected here is a primary side current. During operation, control is always performed so that the detected operating current does not exceed a predetermined threshold value. This threshold value is the maximum operating current (maximum allowable current), and is 18 A (ampere) in the air conditioner 100. The outdoor control device 14 performs control so that the detected operating current does not exceed the operating maximum current, that is, 18A. When the operating current of the air conditioner 100 is likely to exceed 18A, the compressor driving circuit 15 Control is performed such that the operating speed of the compressor 1 is reduced and the operating current is reduced. The operation maximum current is set to a value corresponding to the capacity of the power plug 22, and the safety of the power plug 22 is maintained by not exceeding this value. The operating current is measured by a current transformer (current sensor) 208 shown in FIG.

  Further, in order to finely control the rotation speed of the compressor 1, the indoor fan 9, the outdoor fan 10, the opening degree of the expansion valve 7, etc., and to bring the operating condition of the air conditioner closer to the user's request, In order to protect the compressor 1, the indoor fan 9, the outdoor fan 10, and the like, an indoor tube temperature thermistor 20 that detects the surface temperature of the pipe is provided in a pipe through which the refrigerant of the fin-and-tube indoor heat exchanger 6 flows. Is attached. Similarly, an outdoor tube temperature thermistor 21 that detects the surface temperature of the pipe is attached to the pipe through which the refrigerant of the outdoor heat exchanger 8 of the fin and tube type flows.

  These tube temperature thermistors 20 and 21 obtain the condensation temperature and evaporation temperature of the refrigerant, and the condensation pressure (discharge pressure, high pressure) and evaporation pressure (suction pressure, low pressure) are controlled from the temperatures by the outdoor control device 14 or the indoor side control. The device 12 grasps. In order to protect various components of the compressor 1 and other refrigerant circuits from high pressure, when the condensation pressure grasped by the indoor tube temperature thermistor 20 or the outdoor tube temperature thermistor 21 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the compressor 1 The outdoor control device 14 performs a measure for stopping the operation. This threshold is the stop action pressure.

  A discharge temperature thermistor 17 for detecting the surface temperature of the discharge pipe 2 is attached to the discharge pipe 2 for use in operation control and protection as with the tube temperature thermistors 20 and 21. Since the discharge temperature thermistor 17 is intended to grasp the temperature of the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1, the discharge temperature thermistor 17 is installed at a position near the compressor 1 in the discharge pipe 2. If the compressor 1 is a high-pressure shell type in which the discharge gas is once discharged from the compression mechanism into the sealed container and the inside of the sealed container is in a discharge pressure (high pressure) atmosphere, the discharge temperature thermistor 17 is connected to the sealed container of the compressor 1. You may attach to the outer surface.

  During the operation of the compressor 1, the outdoor control device 14 controls so that the temperature detected by the discharge temperature thermistor 17 (hereinafter referred to as discharge temperature) does not exceed a predetermined threshold value. This threshold value is the maximum operating discharge temperature, which is 115 ° C. in the air conditioner 100. When the discharge temperature is likely to exceed 115 ° C. so that the detected discharge temperature does not exceed the maximum operation discharge temperature, that is, 115 ° C., the outdoor control device 14 decreases the operation rotational speed of the compressor 1. And control to lower the discharge temperature.

  Also, the indoor unit 101 displays the operating condition of the air conditioner 100, the indoor temperature condition, the set temperature, etc. on the front side of the main body of the indoor unit 101 on the basis of a command from the indoor side control device 12. The display means 23 to convey to is provided.

  A command for the operation mode of the air conditioner 100 based on the user's request is transmitted from the indoor side control device 12 to the outdoor side control device 14. The operation mode is a cooling operation, a dehumidifying operation, a heating operation, or the like. When the outdoor mode control device 14 receives the operation mode command signal, the outdoor heat exchanger 8 serves as the condenser and the indoor heat exchanger 6 serves as the cooling mode or dehumidifying operation command. The outdoor control device 14 moves the four-way valve 5 to control the flow direction of the refrigerant so as to become an evaporator. When the heating operation is instructed, the four-way valve 5 is switched and controlled so that the refrigerant flows so that the indoor heat exchanger 6 is used as a condenser and the outdoor heat exchanger 8 is used as an evaporator.

  Here, the configuration and operation of the indoor unit 101 will be described with reference to FIG. This indoor unit 101 is a wall-hanging type and is installed above the wall surface of the air-conditioned room. The indoor heat exchanger 6 and the indoor fan 9 described above are accommodated in the housing 30. In the indoor unit 101, a cross flow fan that is long in the longitudinal direction is used as the indoor fan 9, and is installed with the longitudinal direction horizontal on the downstream side of the indoor heat exchanger 6. A front panel 31 serving as a design surface of the main body of the indoor unit 101 is installed on the front surface of the housing 30. The front panel 31 can be opened and closed in the vertical direction with the upper side as a fulcrum.

A suction port 32 that sucks indoor air into the interior of the indoor unit 101 is formed above the housing 30. On the other hand, in the lower than the front panel 31 at the bottom of the housing 30 blows indoor air after refrigerant exchanges heat through the indoor heat exchanger 6 inside the indoor unit 101 body (conditioned air) into the chamber spraying An outlet 33 is provided. A vertical air direction adjustment plate 34 for adjusting the vertical direction of the conditioned air to be blown out is installed at the blowout port 33, and the right and left direction of the conditioned air to be blown out is placed in the blowout air passage upstream of the vertical air direction adjustment plate 34. A left and right wind direction adjusting plate 35 to be adjusted is installed.

  The left and right airflow direction adjusting plates 35 are installed upright in the vertical direction of the main body of the indoor unit 101, and a plurality of the right and left airflow direction adjusting plates 35 are arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the long outlet 33. And it rotates to the left-right direction based on the instruction | command of the indoor side control apparatus 12. FIG. Moreover, the up-and-down air direction adjusting plate 34 is configured to be long in the left-right direction along the air outlet 33, and two pieces are installed horizontally above and below the air outlet 33. And based on the instruction | indication of the indoor side control apparatus 12, it rotates to an up-down direction. When the operation of the air conditioner 100 is stopped, the opening of the air outlet 33 is blocked by the two vertical airflow direction adjusting plates 34.

  During the operation of the air conditioner 100, the indoor fan 9 rotates, so that indoor air is sucked into the housing 30 from the suction port 32. The sucked indoor air is guided to the indoor heat exchanger 6 and exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle flowing inside the indoor heat exchanger 6 to become conditioned air. The conditioned air is blown into the room from the air outlet 33 through the blowout air duct downstream of the indoor fan 9 by the rotation of the indoor fan 9. The wind direction of the conditioned air to be blown is adjusted by the left / right wind direction adjusting plate 35 and the up / down air direction adjusting plate 34.

  Next, the structure of the outdoor side control apparatus 14 and the indoor side control apparatus 12 is demonstrated, referring FIG. Each of the outdoor side control device 14 and the indoor side control device 12 has one control board, and various circuits are mounted on the board. In this air conditioner 100, each control board of the outdoor side control device 14 and the indoor side control device 12 is composed of one sheet, but may be divided into two or more sheets.

  The outdoor control device 14 is equipped with a microcomputer 209 (hereinafter referred to as an outdoor control microcomputer 209) on the control board. The outdoor control microcomputer 209 includes an input unit that inputs various information signals, a CPU that performs arithmetic processing and determination processing, a memory that stores control setting values, control programs, calculation results in the CPU, and the like, and provides the CPU to the CPU And an output unit for outputting a control signal. The indoor control device 12 is also equipped with a microcomputer 201 having the same configuration (hereinafter referred to as the indoor control microcomputer 201).

  In the configuration diagram of the outdoor control device 14 shown in FIG. 4, a compressor drive circuit 15 is shown as a circuit. In addition to the compressor drive circuit 15, the outdoor control device 14 actually includes a drive circuit for the outdoor fan 10, an opening adjustment circuit for the expansion valve 7, and a switching circuit for the four-way valve 5 on the board. However, these circuits are not shown in FIG. Any of these circuits including the compressor drive circuit 15 operates based on a control signal output from the outdoor control microcomputer 209, so that the compressor 1, the outdoor fan 10, the expansion valve 7, and the four-way valve 5 are controlled. Is done.

  Further, in the configuration diagram of the indoor side control device 12 shown in FIG. 4, illustration of various circuits is omitted, but actually, the drive circuit of the indoor fan 9, the up / down air direction adjusting plate 34 and the left / right direction adjusting plate 35. And the display circuit 23 are mounted on the substrate. All of these circuits operate based on a control signal output from the indoor control microcomputer 201, thereby controlling the indoor fan 9, the up / down air direction adjusting plate 34, the left / right air direction adjusting plate 35, and the display means 32. The outdoor control device 14 and the indoor control device 12 control the main refrigeration cycle and the operation of the air conditioner 100.

  Here, the compressor drive circuit 15 will be described. When the electric power obtained from the outlet by the power plug 22 of the indoor unit 101 is supplied to the outdoor control device 14 at an AC power supply voltage having a commercial power supply frequency (in this case, basically 50 Hz), a full wave is generated by the diode bridge 204. The AC power supply voltage is converted into a DC voltage by being rectified.

  Next, the DC voltage converted by the diode bridge 204 is smoothed by the smoothing capacitor 205, and becomes a DC voltage with less pulsation. Thereafter, a DC voltage is converted into a three-phase AC voltage by an IPM (Intelligent Power Module) 206 that is an inverter unit, and is supplied to an electric motor of the compressor 1 through a glass terminal to drive the compressor 1.

  The IPM 206 has two switching elements connected in series and a diode connected in parallel to each switching element. Since the motor of the compressor 1 is a three-phase motor, the switching element and the diode There are three combinations. However, the IPM 206 in FIG. 4 is omitted and only one set is shown. Switching of the switching element of the IPM 206 is performed based on a control signal output from the outdoor control microcomputer 209.

  At this time, the outdoor control microcomputer 209 generates a three-phase AC frequency and voltage by switching the switching element of the IPM 206 so that the rotation speed of the compressor 1 corresponds to the building load, and supplies it to the compressor 1. . Thereby, the compressor 1 is controlled to the rotation speed according to the building load. Thus, from the commercial AC power supply (AC power) supplied to the indoor outlet via the power transmission line 107, the three-phase AC voltage and frequency at which the rotational speed of the compressor 1 becomes an arbitrary rotational speed. The drive circuit for generating the compressor drive circuit 15.

  In recent years, demand for energy saving has increased for electric appliances, and from the viewpoint of higher efficiency in air conditioners, a direct current (DC) brushless motor has been adopted as an electric motor for the compressor 1 from a conventional alternating current (AC) motor. It has become mainstream. In order to operate the DC brushless motor with high efficiency, it is necessary to detect the rotational position of the rotor and to switch the switching element of the IPM 206 that is an inverter unit according to the rotational position.

  The compressor drive circuit 15 further includes a PAM (Pulse Amplitude Modulation) means 203, which improves the power factor by matching the phases of the power supply voltage waveform and the current waveform by the PAM means 203, and the air conditioner 100 high efficiency is achieved. By performing PAM control using the PAM means 203, the power factor can be greatly improved as compared with the case where the power factor is improved only by the reactor 202, and the efficiency of the air conditioner 100 can be further increased.

  The PAM means 203 has a diode bridge and a switching element connected to the output side thereof. Here, since the power source (indoor outlet) is a single phase, there is only one set, but if the power source is a three-phase power source, three sets of diode bridges and switching elements are provided.

  In the PAM control by the PAM means 203, the current waveform can be approximated to a sine wave by switching the switching element of the PAM means 203 at a constant timing of the current waveform. Switching of the switching element is performed based on a control signal output from the control microcomputer 209.

  The control microcomputer 209 includes a power supply zero-cross circuit 207 as a part of the compressor drive circuit 15 on the control board of the outdoor control device 14 in order to calculate the timing for performing this switching. . The power supply zero-cross circuit 207 is used for the power supply AC voltage supplied from the indoor unit 101, that is, the power supply AC voltage input (applied) from the indoor outlet to the air conditioner 100 via the power plug. This is a circuit that detects the passage of a zero point (voltage zero point) of the AC voltage. The outdoor control microcomputer 209 takes in the detection signal of the power supply zero cross circuit 207, and uses this detection signal to switch the switching element of the PAM means 203. The power supply zero cross circuit 207 is one of the components of the compressor drive circuit 15.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the power supply zero cross circuit 207, and shows the relationship between the power supply voltage waveform 51 and the output signal 53 of the power supply zero cross circuit 207. As shown in FIG. 5, when the voltage waveform 51 of the power supply AC voltage supplied from the indoor unit 101 to the outdoor unit 102 passes through the voltage zero point 52a, the power supply zero cross circuit 207 sends a signal (voltage) to the control microcomputer 209. When the next voltage zero point 52b is passed through, the signal output is stopped. The output of the signal sent to the outdoor control microcomputer 209 is repeatedly turned ON / OFF at the timing of passing the voltage zero point of the AC voltage, such as outputting a signal again when passing the next voltage zero point 52c. is there. The output signal of the power supply zero-cross circuit 207 is shown with reference numeral 53 in FIG.

  In the power supply zero-cross circuit 207, the signal is set to a voltage of 5V (volt), and the presence / absence of a 5V voltage output from the power supply zero-cross circuit 207 to the outdoor control microcomputer 209 is repeated at the timing when the power supply voltage passes through the zero point. In FIG. 5, it is assumed that a signal is output in a section where the AC power supply voltage is a positive voltage (output signal 5 V) and no signal is output in a section where the AC voltage is negative (output signal 0 V). Also good. Further, a zero cross circuit that outputs an output signal in a pulse shape every time the AC voltage passes through the zero point may be used. The voltage value of the output signal is not limited to 5V.

  Even in the case of a compressor drive circuit that does not have PAM means 203 and does not perform PAM control, such as the compressor drive circuit 15, the power supply zero-cross circuit 207 is held on the substrate as a component of the compressor drive circuit. In some cases, the outdoor control microcomputer 209 uses the output signal of the power supply xerox circuit 207 in order to measure the timing of the switching control of the IPM 206 that is the inverter unit.

  Hereafter, the means for measuring the frequency of the power supply in the air conditioner 100, the operation control of the air conditioner 100 based on the measured frequency of the power supply, and the like will be described in detail.

  Measure the frequency of AC power supplied from the indoor unit 101 to the outdoor unit 102, that is, the frequency of commercial power obtained from an indoor outlet (this is the frequency of the supplied power when viewed from the power system 50 on the power supply side) In order to do this, the outdoor control device 14 utilizes the power supply zero cross circuit 207 used for PAM control by the PAM means 203. As described above, the power supply zero-cross circuit 207 can detect the zero point of the AC voltage supplied to the outdoor unit 102.

  In addition, a microcomputer usually has a clock oscillation circuit using a crystal oscillator or a ceramic oscillator in order to take a timing at which the microcomputer operates, and a periodic square wave (rectangular wave) generated from the clock oscillation circuit. The clock signal that is the signal of is used. Generally, a module (electronic component) in which an oscillator and an oscillation circuit are packaged together is mounted on a substrate separately from a microcomputer. This outdoor control microcomputer 209 also has an oscillation circuit 210 using a ceramic oscillator separate from the microcomputer 209 on the control board of the outdoor control device 14, and the clock signal generated from this clock oscillation circuit 210 is received. We are using.

  Similarly, the indoor control microcomputer 201 also has a clock oscillation circuit 211 using a ceramic oscillator on the substrate of the indoor control device 12, and operates itself using a clock signal generated from the clock oscillation circuit 211. Taking the timing to do. Recently, some microcomputers have built-in clock signal oscillation circuits.

  Therefore, the time from the detection of the passage of the voltage zero point having the power supply voltage waveform by the power supply zero cross circuit 207 to the next detection of the passage of the voltage zero point after the voltage zero point, that is, two times after the voltage zero point, is shown in FIG. For example, the outdoor control microcomputer 209 calculates the time from the passage of the voltage zero point 52a to the passage of the voltage zero point 52c using the clock signal of the oscillation circuit 210, so that the outdoor control device 14 One period of the AC voltage waveform 51 can be captured.

  Since the frequency of the clock signal of the clock oscillation circuit 210 is determined by the ceramic oscillator, that is, the frequency of the oscillator per second (the number of square waves of the clock signal) is determined, for example, outdoor control When the microcomputer 209 captures the rise of the output signal of the power supply zero cross circuit 207 (0 → 5V), the microcomputer 209 captures the rise of the output signal of the power supply zero cross circuit 207 next (in FIG. 5, from the voltage zero point 52a to the voltage zero point 52c. If the ceramic oscillator frequency is counted in the interval (1), the time between them, that is, one cycle of the power supply voltage waveform can be calculated. The ceramic oscillator frequency from the fall of the output signal of the power zero cross circuit 207 (5 V → 0 V) to the next fall of the output signal may be counted.

  Since the period (seconds) is the reciprocal of the frequency (1 / second), the outdoor control microcomputer 209 can see the frequency of the power supply voltage waveform, that is, the frequency of the power supply and the power system 50 by capturing one period of the power supply voltage waveform. For example, the outdoor control microcomputer 209 can grasp (measure) the frequency of the supplied power. For example, if the time from the voltage zero point 52a to the voltage zero point 52c is calculated as 0.0201 seconds from the rise of the output signal of the power supply zero cross circuit 207 to the next rise of the output signal, according to FIG. Therefore, the outdoor control microcomputer 209 can grasp that the reciprocal 1 / 0.0201 = 49.75 Hz is the frequency of the power source.

  It should be noted that during the period from the rise of the output signal of the power supply zero cross circuit 207 to the first fall of the subsequent output signal (according to FIG. 5, the interval from the voltage zero point 52a to the voltage zero point 52b), the rise of the output signal The ceramic oscillator frequency is counted for each of the period from the fall to the subsequent rise of the first output signal (according to FIG. 5, the interval from the voltage zero point 52b to the voltage zero point 52c). The frequency of the power supply may be measured (obtained) by calculating half periods and adding them to obtain one period. Alternatively, the frequency of only one of the ceramic oscillators may be counted to obtain a half cycle, which may be regarded as one cycle by doubling it. The outdoor control device 14 (outdoor control microcomputer 209) can grasp the cycle of the power supply voltage waveform from the interval of the voltage zero point of the power supply AC voltage detected by the power supply zero cross circuit 207.

  As described above, the means for grasping (measuring) the frequency of the power supply in the air conditioner 100 simply adds a program for calculating the period of the AC voltage waveform and its reciprocal to the existing outdoor control microcomputer 209, so that the power supply zero crossing is achieved. The outdoor control microcomputer 209 including the circuit 207 and the clock oscillation circuit 210 is composed of elements originally possessed by the outdoor control device 14. In FIG. 4, a circuit 16 constituted by a power supply zero-cross circuit 207 and an outdoor control microcomputer 209 including a clock oscillation circuit 210 is a power supply frequency measurement circuit 16.

  In this air conditioner 100, a room is used to measure the switching control timing of the power supply zero cross circuit 207, which is one of the components of the frequency measurement circuit 16 of the power supply, and the IPM 206, which is the PAM means 203 or the inverter unit. The zero cross circuit (power supply zero cross circuit 207) possessed by the compressor drive circuit 15 of the outer control device 14 is used in combination. In this way, since it is not necessary to provide any special components and only use existing electronic components and circuits, the frequency measurement circuit 16 of the power supply that can measure the frequency of the power supply is configured at a very low cost. Can do. And the frequency measurement circuit 16 of a power supply can be comprised in the existing outdoor side control apparatus 14, without the expansion of the outdoor side control apparatus 14.

  Since the PAM means 203 is not provided and the power supply zero-cross circuit 207 is not used for switching of the inverter unit (IPM) 206, the air-conditioning that does not include the power-supply zero-cross circuit 207 on the control board of the outdoor control device. If it is a machine, a power source zero cross circuit 207 may be newly provided on the substrate of the outdoor control device, and the power frequency measurement circuit 16 may be configured together with the existing outdoor control microcomputer 209 (including the clock oscillation circuit 210). . Since the zero-cross circuit is a simple circuit, has a small area on the board, and can be configured at low cost, even if a new power-supply zero-cross circuit 207 is provided to configure the power frequency measurement circuit 16, the cost of the air conditioner is reduced. The increase is suppressed to be extremely small, and the frequency measuring circuit 16 of the power source can be configured in the existing outdoor control device 14 without the need to expand the outdoor control device 14.

  Here, as an oscillator of a clock oscillation circuit, a crystal oscillator (crystal oscillator) is known to have high accuracy of the frequency of a clock signal to be oscillated, but is used for general household appliances. Many microcomputers use ceramic oscillators that are significantly less expensive than crystal oscillators as oscillators for clock oscillation circuits. The outdoor control microcomputer 209 also uses a ceramic oscillator as the oscillator of the clock oscillation circuit 210. However, the ceramic oscillator is inferior to the crystal oscillator in terms of frequency accuracy of the clock signal.

  The clock signal frequency of the crystal oscillator is extremely high with an error of about ± 0.001%, but the clock frequency precision of the ceramic oscillator is considerably inferior with an error of about ± 1%. For this reason, the frequency of the power supply grasped by the frequency measurement circuit 16 of the power supply includes an error of about ± 1%. For example, even if the absolute value of the power supply frequency is actually 50.0 Hz, the power supply frequency measurement circuit 16 may recognize it as any value between 49.5 Hz and 50.5 Hz. The absolute value of the detected frequency of the power supply has low reliability, and it is difficult to control it using the absolute value as it is.

  Some variation is allowed for the frequency of the power supplied by the power system 50, and the allowable range is ± 0.3 Hz. When the standard frequency is 50 Hz, the frequency of the supplied power is acceptable if it is between 49.7 Hz and 50.3 Hz. That is, when the air conditioner 100 is used by inserting the power plug 22 into an outlet having a commercial power frequency of 50 Hz, the air frequency varies between 49.7 Hz and 50.3 Hz. The harmony machine 100 does not need to perform a special operation in order to adjust the power supply / demand balance.

  In other words, an operation to adjust the power supply / demand balance is required for fluctuations in the power supply frequency exceeding ± 0.3 Hz. As described above, the ceramic oscillator clock signal is used. The frequency of the power source ascertained by the power source frequency measurement circuit 16 includes an error of about ± 1%, so that even if the actual power source frequency is 50.0 Hz, 49. Although it may be recognized as 5 Hz or 50.5 Hz, it is actually a frequency of the power source that is within the allowable range and does not need to cause any special operation to adjust the power supply-demand balance. If the fluctuation exceeds the allowable range, it will be recognized that a special operation is caused by recognizing that the fluctuation has occurred.

  The reverse problem can also occur, that is, the frequency of the actual power supply is 49.6 Hz, for example, it is recognized as 50.1 Hz even though the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is necessary outside the allowable range. Thus, a situation where it is determined that the value is within the allowable range may occur. In this way, it is determined whether or not the absolute value of the power supply frequency measured by the power supply frequency measurement circuit 16 is within the allowable range of 49.7 Hz to 50.3 Hz, and the operation of the air conditioner 100 is controlled. It is not appropriate to do.

  Therefore, in this air conditioner 100, even when the power supply frequency measured by the power supply frequency measurement circuit 16 including such an error of about ± 1% is used, the outdoor side control device 14 uses the power supply frequency. About the fluctuation amount detection method of the frequency of the power source that can detect the fluctuation amount of the power source accurately, determine the power supply / demand balance state from the detected fluctuation amount, and control the air conditioner 100 based on the fluctuation amount. This will be described below.

  The error in the clock frequency of the ceramic oscillator described here is not an error that means that the value varies depending on the frequency of the clock signal. This means that the clock frequency is deviated in a specific direction from the reference value (catalog display value, design value) due to individual differences of ceramic resonators. For example, here, a ceramic oscillator having a clock frequency reference value of 8 MHz is used in design, but the clock frequency of the actually mounted ceramic oscillator is 8.05 MHz or 7.935 MHz. It means that it is deviated by a predetermined amount in a specific direction from a reference value (design value) of 8 MHz. This means that a clock signal whose frequency deviates from the reference value is always oscillated during operation.

  Therefore, the frequency error of the power supply does not vary every time it is measured, but the deviation of the ceramic oscillator in a specific direction as described above (the error referred to here) causes the frequency measurement circuit 16 of the power supply. This means that the frequency of the power source to be measured tends to be measured by being shifted (biased) by a predetermined amount in a specific direction (higher direction or lower direction). When the frequency of the supplied power is stably changing at the standard frequency of 50 Hz, the frequency measurement circuit 16 of the power source tends to measure with a lower bias, for example, due to the above error (bias) of the ceramic oscillator (referred to here) There is an error), and the measured value is 49.7 Hz, but it is stable at 49.7 Hz.

  In this power supply frequency measurement circuit 16, the outdoor control microcomputer 209 captures the rising edge of the output signal of the power supply zero cross circuit 207 and uses the clock signal of the clock oscillation circuit 210 to generate the AC voltage waveform of the power supply (voltage waveform 51 in FIG. 5). The frequency measurement circuit 16 (which may be referred to as the outdoor control microcomputer 209) of the power supply is operating during the operation of the air conditioner 100. The frequency of the constant power supply is calculated, and the latest power supply frequency is always grasped. If it is 50.0 Hz, the absolute value of the frequency of the power supply is grasped 50 times per second.

  And in order for the outdoor side control apparatus 14 to detect the variation | change_quantity of the frequency of a power supply, it is necessary to determine the frequency of the newest power supply grasped | ascertained compared with the frequency used as a reference | standard. Therefore, in this air conditioner 100, as a reference frequency to be compared with the latest power supply frequency measured by the power supply frequency measurement circuit 16, the power supply for the latest predetermined time measured by the power supply frequency measurement circuit 16 itself is used. A value obtained by averaging frequencies (average value) is used.

  The reference frequency that is the basis for determining the fluctuation is not stored in advance in the outdoor control microcomputer 209 of the outdoor control device 14 as an absolute value, but before a predetermined time measured by the power supply frequency circuit 16 until the present time. The average value of the frequency of the power supply is used as the reference frequency. For this reason, the reference frequency is constantly updated to the average value for the most recent predetermined time, and the constantly updated reference frequency and the latest value (instantaneous value) of the power supply frequency at that time are constantly compared. . In the averaging process for a predetermined time for setting the reference frequency, the latest value is not included here, and the data up to the previous value is used for averaging. The reason will be described later.

  For example, the predetermined time is set to 15 minutes in the air conditioner 100. Therefore, the outdoor control microcomputer 209 averages the frequency of the power source for 15 minutes measured by the power source frequency measurement circuit 16 in the latest 15 minutes until the current time, and the average frequency is updated to the latest frequency of the power source. The reference frequency to be compared with the instantaneous value is determined. Each time the power supply frequency measurement circuit 16 newly grasps the power supply frequency, the reference frequency is updated. The reference frequency is always the average value of the power supply frequencies for the latest 15 minutes.

  Then, the outdoor control device 14 (outdoor control microcomputer 209) compares the latest instantaneous value of the frequency of the power supply with the reference frequency that is always rewritten to the average value of the power supply frequency for the latest 15 minutes. The amount of change is detected. Thus, instead of detecting fluctuations in the frequency of the power supply by comparing the absolute value of the detected power supply frequency with the frequency or frequency range set as a fixed value in advance, the latest value obtained until reaching the latest value is detected. By detecting the fluctuation amount of the power supply frequency by comparing the frequency of the power supply for 15 minutes with the averaged reference frequency, an error in the clock frequency of the ceramic oscillator can be eliminated. Become.

  Even if the clock signal of the ceramic oscillator of the clock oscillation circuit 210 includes an error, the frequency of the latest power supply and the reference frequency to be compared are calculated using the clock signal of the same ceramic oscillator. Since these are compared relatively, the difference (variation amount) does not include the error of the ceramic oscillator. Therefore, by detecting the fluctuation amount of the power supply frequency by this method, the error of the clock frequency of the ceramic oscillator can be eliminated, and the fluctuation amount detection accuracy of the power supply frequency can be improved.

  Further, this detection method does not require a new special electric circuit for detecting the fluctuation amount other than the frequency measurement circuit 16 of the power supply, and can be dealt with only by adding the program processing of the outdoor control microcomputer 209 and is inexpensive. It is. In addition, even if an inexpensive ceramic oscillator is used without using a high-accuracy but expensive crystal oscillator, it is possible to realize a highly accurate detection of the fluctuation amount of the frequency of the power supply.

  For example, it is assumed that the latest instantaneous value of the power supply frequency is measured at 49.5 Hz by the power supply frequency measurement circuit 16. If this is absolutely compared with the standard frequency 50.0 Hz of the power supplied to the power system 50, it will be a fluctuation of -0.5 Hz exceeding the allowable range of ± 0.3 Hz. If the reference frequency, which is the average value of the frequencies, is 49.6 Hz, it can be recognized as a fluctuation of −0.1 Hz in a relative comparison with that, and it can be determined that the power supply / demand balance is at a satisfactory level. In this case, the clock signal frequency error of the ceramic oscillator is −0.8%, and therefore the frequency measurement circuit 16 of the power supply tends to measure 0.8% lower than the actual frequency. Even if there is such a tendency, if the relative comparison is made with the average value for the most recent predetermined time, the fluctuation amount of the frequency of the power source can be detected with high accuracy.

  If a crystal oscillator with high frequency accuracy of the clock signal is used instead of the ceramic oscillator for the clock oscillation circuit 210, it is not necessary to consider the clock frequency error of the oscillator from the beginning, and the frequency measurement circuit 16 of the power supply Since the measured power supply frequency itself (absolute value) is accurate, it is not necessary to set the reference frequency by averaging. Compare the grasped power supply frequency absolute value itself with the standard frequency (here, 50.0 Hz). Thus, the frequency fluctuation amount may be obtained from the difference.

  Note that the measurement value (data) by the frequency measurement circuit 16 of the power source used for the averaging process for setting the reference frequency is the data for the last 15 minutes, but is not limited to this. It may be short or long in time. If the reference frequency is constantly updated with 15-minute data, for example, if it is 50.0 Hz, the outdoor control microcomputer 209 captures the data 50 times per second. It will average .50,000 data. Since the outdoor control microcomputer 209 needs a memory capacity for storing these data, the data amount corresponding to the averaging process (the most recent predetermined time) may be appropriately set according to the capacity of the outdoor control microcomputer 209. .

  In the averaging process of the latest data (power supply frequency) for setting the reference frequency, the frequency of the new power supply is always added, but the data of 15 minutes (predetermined time) is discarded, that is, the data for the latest 15 minutes. It is only necessary to secure a fixed capacity as memory, and always store all data for the most recent predetermined time (45,000 pieces of data in the above case). The average value (reference frequency) may be calculated by dividing the total by the parameter.

  In addition, each data is not stored, but only the latest average value (reference frequency) is stored, and only the deviation of the frequency of the new power supply is adjusted to update the reference frequency. Good. By performing such an averaging process, the memory capacity of the outdoor control microcomputer 209 can be reduced. The deviation of the frequency of the new power supply is the value obtained by dividing the difference between the latest average value and the latest instantaneous value of the power supply frequency (the value measured this time) by the number of data (45,000) for a predetermined time (15 minutes). It is. The number of data (45,000) serving as the denominator at this time may be a fixed value.

  It should be noted that when a predetermined time is reached from the start of operation, that is, when the operation time is still less than the predetermined time, an averaging process is performed on the data obtained up to that point, and this is provisionally set as a reference frequency. And it is sufficient.

  As described above, the fluctuation in the frequency of the power supply is caused by the balance between the power supply and demand, and the amount of fluctuation with respect to the standard frequency of the power supply increases as the degree of unbalance increases. In this air conditioner 100, the fluctuation amount of the power supply frequency is detected by comparing the reference frequency, which is the average value for the most recent predetermined time, with the latest instantaneous value of the power supply frequency, and according to the detection result. The state of power supply and demand balance is judged.

  Note that the frequency of the power source to be compared with the reference frequency that is the average value for the most recent predetermined time is not limited to the latest instantaneous value. For example, you may use the average value for the latest predetermined time whose temporal range is shorter than the setting of the reference frequency. In the above example, the average value of the frequency of the power supply for the latest 15 minutes is used as the reference frequency. However, by comparing the reference frequency with the average value of the frequency of the power supply for the last one second, for example, You may make it detect. By doing so, it is possible to avoid erroneous determination due to instantaneous fluctuations in the frequency of the power supply that occur suddenly due to a control error.

  Next, the operation of the air conditioner 100 for adjusting the supply and demand balance of electric power, which is started when the air conditioner 100 detects a fluctuation in which the frequency of the power source measured by the frequency measurement circuit 16 of the power source deviates from the set predetermined range. explain. When the air conditioner 100 determines that the power supply / demand is in an unbalanced state, the air conditioner 100 performs an operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance according to the fluctuation amount of the frequency of the power source. The purpose is to stabilize the power quality by adjusting the power supply-demand balance in an unbalanced state and ensuring the stability of the power supply-demand balance, that is, keeping the frequency fluctuation range of the power supply within a specified range. It is. Thereby, while avoiding the efficiency deterioration and stop of the air conditioner 100, generation | occurrence | production of the power failure of the electric power grid | system 50 is prevented.

  First, in the air conditioner 100, the outdoor control device 14 constantly detects fluctuations in the frequency of the power supply by the above-described method, and if the fluctuation amount deviates from a predetermined range, the operation operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance. To start.

  In addition, when the fluctuation of the power supply frequency exceeds ± 0.3 Hz, which is the allowable fluctuation range of the supplied power, the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance may be started, that is, the predetermined range to be set is supplied. It is equal to the permissible range of power frequency fluctuation, and within ± 0.3 Hz (−0.3 Hz ≦ variation amount ≦ + 0.3 Hz), start operation to adjust the power supply / demand balance when it deviates from this predetermined range (permissible range). However, if the deviation from the allowable range is small, that is, if the fluctuation exceeding ± 0.3 Hz is small, the influence on the operation efficiency of the air conditioner 100 is small, and the operation of the air conditioner 100 is stopped. Since the possibility of a power outage in the power system 50 is extremely low, the frequency fluctuation amount of the power source that starts the operation to adjust the power supply and demand balance is more likely to be larger than ± 0.3 Hz. There may be leeway.

  In the air conditioner 100, when the frequency of the power source fluctuates by more than ± 0.4 Hz with respect to the reference frequency (when the predetermined range is less than ± 0.4 Hz and deviates from the predetermined range), the power supply / demand balance is adjusted. Start driving to prepare. That is, it is determined that the power supply / demand balance is unbalanced, and the operation shifts to a stable power supply / demand balance. In addition, regarding the frequency fluctuation amount of the power source that starts the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance (± 0.4 Hz in the air conditioner 100), the relationship between the frequency fluctuation amount of the power source and the efficiency deterioration of the air conditioner 100 is shown. In light of this, it may be determined by discussion with the power system 50 in charge of the area where the air conditioner 100 is installed.

  When the fluctuation of the power supply frequency becomes smaller than the reference frequency, that is, the fluctuation is negative, the power supply / demand balance is in a power supply shortage state, and the power usage on the demand side is the power grid 50. This is a case where the amount of power supplied from is larger. Conversely, if the power supply frequency is larger than the reference frequency, that is, if the fluctuation amount is positive, the power supply is excessive, and the power usage on the demand side is the power supply from the power system 50. This is the case when the amount is smaller. The operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance of the air conditioner 100 is different in the power supply undersupply state and the oversupply state.

  First, when the outdoor control device 14 determines that the power supply is in an insufficient supply state that requires an operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance, that is, the latest instantaneous value of the frequency of the power source measured by the power source frequency measurement circuit 16. However, the power supply / demand balance of the air conditioner 100 is detected when a fluctuation that is 0.4 Hz or more lower than the reference frequency, which is the average value of the power supply frequency for the latest 15 minutes, measured by the power supply frequency measurement circuit 16 is detected. The operation to arrange is explained.

  In order to stabilize the power supply-demand balance after determining that the power supply is insufficient, in the air conditioner 100, the outdoor control device 14 is configured to reduce the power consumption of the air conditioner 100. Control to reduce the rotational speed of 1 is performed. This is an operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance of power when the power supply shortage state of the power system 50 is detected. By reducing the power consumption of the air conditioner 100 on the demand side, the power supply shortage state is resolved, the power supply / demand balance is maintained, and the power quality is stabilized.

  And the outdoor side control apparatus 14 changes the fall degree of the rotation speed of the compressor 1 according to the magnitude | size of the fluctuation amount (vs. reference frequency) of the frequency of a power supply. Specifically, the fluctuation amount smaller than the reference frequency of the power supply frequency is 0.4 Hz or more and less than 0.7 Hz (the fluctuation amount is −0.4 Hz to −0.7 Hz, but not including 0.7 Hz). Is detected by the outdoor control device 14 (outdoor control microcomputer 209), the outdoor control device 14 detects that the operating current (primary current) of the air conditioner 100 detected by the current transformer 208 is 0. Control is performed to reduce the rotational speed of the compressor 1 via the compressor drive circuit 15 so that the operating current immediately before detecting a fluctuation of 4 Hz or more and less than 0.7 Hz is 75%.

  The current transformer (current sensor) 208 inputs the operation current detected at all times during the operation of the air conditioner 100 to the outdoor control microcomputer 209, and the outdoor control microcomputer 209 constantly inputs the operation current of the air conditioner 100. Monitoring.

  When the fluctuation amount smaller than the reference frequency of the power supply frequency is 0.7 Hz or more and less than 1.5 Hz (the fluctuation amount is −0.7 Hz to −1.5 Hz, but does not include 1.5 Hz) The outdoor control device 14 reduces the rotational speed of the compressor 1 via the compressor drive circuit 15 so that the operating current of the air conditioner 100 becomes 60% of the operating current immediately before the change is detected. Take control.

  However, even if the compressor drive circuit 15 reduces the rotational speed of the compressor 1 to the minimum operational rotational speed, the operating current detected by the current transformer 208 is the target current (the frequency of the power supply is 0.4 Hz from the reference frequency). If the current that becomes 75% or 60% of the operating current immediately before the fluctuation that becomes smaller is not reached (does not decrease), the outdoor side controller 14 operates the compressor 1 at the minimum operating speed. Control to do. Moreover, you may reduce the rotation speed of the compressor 1 so that an operating current may be 75% or 60% of the operating current at the time of detecting a fluctuation | variation instead of the operating current immediately before detecting a fluctuation | variation.

  When the fluctuation amount smaller than the reference frequency of the power supply frequency is 1.5 Hz or more, the outdoor control device 14 determines that the power supply state of the power system 50 is critically insufficient. Then, measures are taken to stop the compressor 1. If a critical power supply shortage state of the power system 50 continues, there is an increased risk that a power generation facility will malfunction and a large-scale power outage will occur, so this state must be avoided as soon as possible.

  As described above, when the outdoor control device 14 detects a fluctuation in which the instantaneous value of the frequency of the power supply becomes 0.4 Hz or more lower than the reference frequency and determines that the power is insufficiently supplied, the operation of the air conditioner 100 is performed. Since the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is reduced or the compressor 1 is stopped so that the current is reduced, the power consumption is reduced and the power supply shortage of the power system 50 is compensated. Contributes to ensuring stable power quality. The above is the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance of the air conditioner 100 in a power supply shortage state. The outdoor control device 14 performs control to reduce the rotational speed of the compressor 1 while monitoring the decrease in the operating current of the air conditioner 100, so that the power consumption is surely reduced and the power supply of the power system 50 is insufficient. I will make up for it.

  In the air conditioner 100, if the outdoor control device 14 detects a fluctuation in which the frequency of the power source falls below the reference frequency by 0.4 Hz or more even for a moment, the power supply / demand balance immediately in the above-described power supply shortage state. It is the one that performs the driving that arranges. After confirming that such fluctuations have continued for a predetermined time and determining that the power supply shortage state of the power system 50 is certain, it may be controlled to perform an operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance. In order to achieve a stable recovery of the power supply / demand balance as soon as possible, the operation of immediately adjusting the power supply / demand balance is performed at the moment when a fluctuation in which the frequency of the power supply decreases by 0.4 Hz or more is detected.

  Next, when the outdoor control device 14 determines that the power supply is in an excessive supply state at a level that requires an operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance, that is, the latest instantaneous frequency of the power supply measured by the power supply frequency measurement circuit 16. Supply and demand balance of the electric power of the air conditioner 100 when a fluctuation of a value that is 0.4 Hz or more larger than a reference frequency that is an average value of the frequency of the power supply for the latest 15 minutes measured by the power supply frequency measurement circuit 16 is detected. The operation that prepares is explained.

  In order to stabilize the power supply / demand balance after determining that the power supply is excessive, in the air conditioner 100, the outdoor control device 14 increases the power consumption of the air conditioner 100. Control to increase the number of revolutions. This is an operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance when an excessive power supply state of the power system 50 is detected. By increasing the power consumption of the air conditioner 100 on the demand side, the excessive supply state of power is eliminated, the power supply / demand balance is maintained, and the power quality is stabilized.

  And the outdoor side control apparatus 14 changes the raise degree of the rotation speed of the compressor 1 according to the magnitude | size of the fluctuation amount (vs. reference frequency) of the frequency of a power supply. Specifically, the fluctuation amount that is larger than the reference frequency of the power supply frequency is 0.4 Hz and less than 0.7 Hz (the fluctuation amount is +0.4 Hz to +0.7 Hz, but 0.7 Hz is not included). When the outdoor side control device 14 (outdoor control microcomputer 209) detects, the outdoor side control device 14 detects fluctuations in which the operating current of the air conditioner 100 detected by the current transformer 208 is 0.4 Hz or more and less than 0.7 Hz. Control is performed to increase the rotational speed of the compressor 1 via the compressor drive circuit 15 so that the operating current immediately before detection is 150%. Note that the rotational speed of the compressor 1 may be increased so that the operating current is 150% of the operating current at the time when the fluctuation is detected, not the operating current immediately before the fluctuation is detected.

  However, the target operating current (the current that is 150% of the operating current immediately before a change in which the power supply frequency is 0.4 Hz or more higher than the reference frequency is detected) exceeds the maximum operating current (maximum allowable current). In such a case, the rotational speed of the compressor 1 is controlled so that the maximum operating current is the upper limit and the current is close to the maximum operating current within a range where the operating current does not exceed the maximum operating current. Even if the compressor drive circuit 15 increases the rotational speed of the compressor 1 to the maximum operating rotational speed (120 rps for this compressor 1), the operating current detected by the current transformer 208 is the target current value. If it does not reach (does not increase), the outdoor control device 14 performs control so that the compressor 1 is operated at the maximum operating rotational speed (maximum allowable rotational speed).

  And when the fluctuation amount which becomes larger than the reference frequency of the frequency of the power supply is 0.7 Hz or more, it is determined that the excessive power supply state of the power system 50 is in a very large state, and the compressor 1 is the maximum operating speed (maximum permissible speed), and if it exceeds the maximum operating current, control is performed to operate at the maximum speed within a range that does not exceed it, thereby stabilizing the power supply-demand balance. Prioritize that. In addition, if the state of excessive power supply of the electric power system 50 continues to be extremely large, there is a risk that a malfunction occurs in the power generation facility and a large-scale power outage occurs, so this state must be avoided as soon as possible.

  As described above, when the outdoor control device 14 detects a fluctuation in which the instantaneous value of the frequency of the power supply is greater than the reference frequency by 0.4 Hz or more and determines that the power is excessively supplied, the operation of the air conditioner 100 is performed. Increase or decrease in the rotational speed of the compressor 1 so that the current increases or increase the power consumption by operating the compressor 1 at the maximum operating rotational speed, so that the power supply excess of the power system 50 can be reduced. It can contribute to stabilizing the balance and ensuring stable power quality. The above is the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance of the air conditioner 100 in an excessive power supply state. Since the outdoor control device 14 performs control to increase the rotation speed of the compressor 1 while monitoring the increase in the operating current of the air conditioner 100, the power consumption is surely increased and the power supply of the power system 50 is excessively increased. Will ease.

  And in this air conditioner 100, if the outdoor side control device 14 detects the fluctuation | variation which the frequency of a power supply raises more than 0.4Hz or more from a reference frequency for a moment, the supply-demand balance of the electric power in the above-mentioned excessive supply state of electric power immediately. It is the one that performs the driving that arranges. After confirming that such fluctuations have continued for a predetermined time and determining that the power supply 50 is in an excessive power supply state, control may be performed so as to perform an operation for adjusting the power supply-demand balance. In order to achieve stable recovery of the power supply / demand balance as soon as possible, the operation of immediately adjusting the power supply / demand balance is performed at the moment when the fluctuation of the frequency of the power supply is increased by 0.4 Hz or more is detected.

  As described above, the air conditioner 100 changes the rotational speed of the compressor 1 or stops the compressor 1 according to the fluctuation of the frequency of the power source measured by the frequency measuring circuit 16 of the power source. It is. And thereby, the power consumption of the air conditioner 100 is increased or decreased to adjust the supply and demand balance of power. It should be noted that, in the operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance of power in any state of power supply shortage or oversupply, the target operation that serves as an index for the change in the frequency of the power source divided in stages and the rotation speed change of the compressor 1 The current ratio (75% or 150%) is an example, and is not limited to the above values.

  The air conditioner 100 immediately balances the supply and demand of electric power when the fluctuation amount of the instantaneous value of the power supply frequency with respect to the reference frequency deviates from a predetermined range (here, −0.4 Hz <variation amount <+0.4 Hz range). It is the operation that arranges. As an operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance, the outdoor control device 14 determines that the operating current immediately before or when the power source frequency deviates from the predetermined range is a predetermined ratio corresponding to the fluctuation amount of the power source frequency with respect to the reference frequency. The target operating current is set by multiplying (0.75 or 1.5 in the above example), and the compressor 1 is monitored while monitoring the operating current with the current transformer 208 so that the operating current becomes the target operating current. The number of rotations is changed.

  In addition, even during the operation of adjusting the power supply / demand balance in the above-described power supply shortage or excessive supply, the power supply frequency measurement circuit 16 continuously measures the power supply frequency. However, the reference frequency is not updated during the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance, and the reference frequency is maintained at the reference frequency immediately before or when the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is started.

  That is, during the operation for adjusting the power supply-demand balance, the outdoor control microcomputer 209 stores the reference frequency immediately before or immediately before the operation for adjusting the power supply-demand balance without rewriting the reference frequency, and the frequency of the power supply. The latest instantaneous value of the frequency of the power source measured by the measurement circuit 16 is compared. The same applies while taking measures to stop the compressor 1. Measures for stopping the compressor 1 are also included in the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance of the air conditioner 100.

  The reference frequency is not updated during the operation to balance the power supply and demand, i.e., the averaging process is stopped because the frequency of the power supply for the most recent predetermined time is averaged to the reference frequency obtained by the averaging process. This is because if the frequency of the power supply that fluctuates due to an imbalance in supply and demand is taken in, the reference frequency itself gradually approaches the frequency of the power supply after the fluctuation. The reference frequency must indicate the frequency of the power supply when the power supply / demand balance is stable.

  For this reason, even in the averaging process for a predetermined time during normal operation, the latest value of the frequency of the power source is not included and the data up to the previous value is averaged. As a result, even if the latest instantaneous value fluctuates by more than ± 0.4 Hz (departs from the predetermined range) and the operation immediately adjusts the power supply / demand balance, the frequency of the latest value is the reference frequency. Therefore, the reliability of the reference frequency can be kept high.

  Thus, even during operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance, the outdoor control device 14 always keeps track of the frequency of the power supply by the power supply frequency measurement circuit 16 and adjusts the power supply / demand balance before operation. Compared with, the power supply / demand balance is always judged. Therefore, in this air conditioner 100, the outdoor control device 14 recognizes that the power supply-demand balance has been recovered during operation for adjusting the power supply-demand balance, and the fluctuation of the power frequency has fallen within a predetermined range. Therefore, the outdoor control device 14 controls to return to the normal operation (operation according to the building load) before starting the operation to adjust the power supply / demand balance by itself and finishing the operation to adjust the power supply / demand balance. Is possible.

  That is, during the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance, the difference between the frequency of the power supply and the reference frequency (the reference frequency immediately before or when the outdoor control device 14 starts the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance) is ± 0. If it is recognized that the frequency has become less than 4 Hz (returned to within a predetermined range), it is judged that the power supply / demand balance has been recovered, and the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is terminated, and the air conditioner 100 is immediately connected to the power supply / demand balance. Control to return to the operation state immediately before starting the operation for adjusting the balance is started.

  Thus, in this air conditioner 100, it can be determined that the power supply / demand balance has been recovered by itself, and the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is terminated. Therefore, the operation time for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is minimized. be able to. In the operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance of power, when the power is insufficiently supplied, the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is reduced, so that the air conditioning capability is reduced as compared with the building load, and the user feels uncomfortable. It is also possible. In addition, when the power is excessively supplied, the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is increased, so that the air conditioning capacity is increased compared to the building load, which causes overheating or overcooling. It can also be uncomfortable.

  However, as described above, the air conditioner 100 can suppress the operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance of electric power to a minimum time, so that the discomfort felt by the user can be minimized. It can be operated to balance the supply and demand of electric power without causing great discomfort.

  In addition, while the air conditioner 100 on the demand side is in operation to adjust the power supply and demand balance, the power system 50 on the supply side also takes measures such as increasing or decreasing the amount of operation of the power generation equipment, Efforts to stabilize the supply-demand balance as soon as possible.

  The outdoor control device 14 determines that the amount of fluctuation of the frequency of the power supply with respect to the reference frequency is less than ± 0.4 Hz (returns to within a predetermined range), and the power supply / demand balance has been recovered. When the operation for adjusting is finished, the outdoor control device 14 restarts the update of the reference frequency. During the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance, the reference frequency is fixed at the reference frequency immediately before or at the start of the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance. That is, the reference frequency after resumption is an averaging process for the most recent predetermined time excluding the operation time for adjusting the power supply and demand balance.

  For example, the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is performed for 11 minutes, and then the reference frequency when 3 minutes have elapsed after returning to the normal operation is the data and power for 12 minutes until the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance starts. The data for 15 minutes, which is the sum of the data for 3 minutes after the end of the operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance, is averaged. When the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is sandwiched, the average value for the most recent predetermined time is not accurate, but the operation time for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is excluded for the most recent predetermined time here. And

  In the air conditioner 100, the outdoor control device 14 always grasps the frequency of the power source and compares it with the reference frequency before the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance even during the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance. Since the power supply / demand balance state is always determined, even if the frequency of the power supply fluctuates stepwise, a stepwise response (operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance) is possible.

  For example, the outdoor control device 14 detects a fluctuation in the frequency of the power source that is −0.5 Hz with respect to the reference frequency (power supply is insufficient), and the operating current is 75% of the operating current immediately before the detection. When the operation of adjusting the power supply / demand balance by reducing the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is performed, the frequency of the power supply further fluctuates, and the reference frequency (before the start of operation to adjust the power supply / demand balance) If the frequency becomes −0.9 Hz from the reference frequency), the rotational speed of the compressor 1 is decreased so that the operating current immediately becomes 60% of the operating current immediately before detecting the fluctuation of −0.5 Hz. Take action.

  Further, when the frequency of the power supply further fluctuates and becomes −1.5 Hz from the reference frequency, the compressor 1 is immediately stopped. In this way, even if the power supply frequency does not return to within the predetermined range (less than ± 0.4 Hz) and changes stepwise outside the predetermined range, or even during operation to balance the power supply and demand, Since the power supply / demand balance status is always determined by constantly grasping, even if the frequency of the power supply fluctuates in stages, it is possible to immediately perform an operation to adjust the power supply / demand balance accordingly. Can contribute to early recovery. It is possible to cope with the case where the frequency of the power source suddenly changes from a negative fluctuation (insufficient power supply) to a positive fluctuation (excessive power supply) or vice versa.

  In addition, when the driving | running time of the driving | operation which arranges the electric power supply-and-demand balance is preset and the driving | running which adjusts the electric power supply-and-demand balance is started, you may comprise so that the setting driving | operation time may continue the driving | operation. In this case, it is necessary to check whether the difference between the frequency of the power source and the reference frequency is less than ± 0.4 Hz (whether the frequency of the power source has returned to the predetermined range) during operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance. Therefore, the measurement of the power supply frequency by the power supply frequency measurement circuit 16 may be stopped. The operation setting time may be a time required to cope with an increase or decrease in the operation amount of the power generation facility in the power system 50 on the supply side, and the power system 50 side in charge of the area where the air conditioner 100 is installed. It is desirable to be determined in consultation with

  In the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance described above, the operating current of the air conditioner 100 is changed as a method of increasing or decreasing the power consumption of the air conditioner 100. The outdoor side control device 14 controls the rotational speed of the compressor 1 so as to be the target operating current while monitoring the operating current of the air conditioner 100 with the current transformer 208. However, the operation to balance the power supply and demand is not limited to this.

  In addition, for example, the outdoor control device 14 sets the rotation speed of the compressor 1 to 75% or 50% when the power supply is insufficient with respect to the rotation speed of the compressor 1 immediately before the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance. In the state where power is excessively supplied, an instruction to set 125% or 150% is directly given to the compressor drive circuit 15 to change the rotation speed of the compressor 1 to increase or decrease the power consumption. May be. That is, the outdoor control device 14 sets a target operating rotational speed by multiplying the rotational speed of the compressor 1 immediately before the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance by a predetermined ratio, and the compressor via the compressor driving circuit 15. The rotational speed of 1 is changed to this target operating rotational speed.

  Alternatively, when the outdoor control device 14 detects an insufficient power supply state (ie, the power supply frequency fluctuates in a direction smaller than the reference frequency and deviates from a predetermined range), for example, the air conditioner 100 The power consumption of the air conditioner 100 by taking measures to reduce the maximum operating current (maximum allowable current) and the maximum operating rotational speed (maximum allowable rotational speed) of the compressor 1 according to the amount of fluctuation of the frequency of the power supply with respect to the reference frequency. Or the excessive supply of power (detected that the frequency of the power supply fluctuates in a direction larger than the reference frequency and deviates from the predetermined range), the compressor 1 is forced to operate at the maximum operating speed. The power consumption of the air conditioner 100 may be increased by operating at (maximum allowable rotational speed).

  Alternatively, when the outdoor control device 14 detects a power supply / demand imbalance state, the building load (data on the difference between the room temperature and the set temperature) transmitted from the indoor control device 12 to the outdoor control device 14 is displayed. The indoor control device 12 or the outdoor control device 14 may forcibly change the power consumption of the air conditioner 100.

  When the cooling operation is described as an example, when the room temperature is 30 ° C. and the set temperature is 27 ° C., data of a temperature difference of 3 deg is transmitted to the outdoor control device 14 as a building load, and the compressor 1 However, if the power is insufficiently supplied, for example, the temperature difference 3 deg is forcibly changed to 1 deg and the load equivalent to 2 deg is apparently reduced. The rotational speed of the compressor 1 is reduced, and the power consumption of the air conditioner 100 is reduced. Conversely, when the power is excessively supplied, the temperature difference 3 deg is forcibly changed to 5 deg, the load corresponding to 2 deg is apparently increased to increase the rotation speed of the compressor 1, and the air conditioner 100 The power consumption may be increased.

  As described above, in the operation to balance the power supply and demand, the air conditioning capacity decreases in the insufficient power supply state compared to the building load, or increases in the excessive power supply state. It can also be uncomfortable. Therefore, the operation control of the indoor unit 101 of the air conditioner 100 that reduces as much as possible the discomfort felt by the user during the operation of adjusting the supply and demand balance of electric power will be described.

  At the same time that the outdoor control device 14 starts an operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance of power, the determination information is transmitted to the indoor control device 12 via the communication line (signal cable) 13c of the indoor / outdoor communication cable 13. As a result, when the power supply / demand balance is disrupted, the indoor control device 12 is linked to the outdoor control device 14 and the user feels uncomfortable while the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is being performed. The rotational speed of the indoor fan 9 and the rotation angle of the up / down air direction adjusting plate 34 are controlled so as to reduce the pleasant feeling.

  Specifically, the indoor side control device 12 performs the following airflow control of the indoor unit 101 during the operation of adjusting the supply and demand balance of electric power. This airflow control differs between the cooling operation and the heating operation of the air conditioner 100, and also differs depending on the state of unbalanced supply and demand of power. Note that the air flow control during operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance of the indoor unit 101 shown below is one example, and is not limited to this, as long as it can reduce discomfort felt by the user. Good. Here, the wind speed (air volume) of the indoor fan 9 will be described in three stages of strong, medium, and weak. The rotation speed of the indoor fan 9 decreases in the order of strong, medium, and weak.

  First, during the heating operation, the outdoor control device 14 detects a fluctuation (power supply shortage state) in which the frequency of the power source is −0.4 Hz to −1.5 Hz (excluding −1.5 Hz) from the reference frequency. Then, the case where the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is performed will be described. In this case, since the heating capacity is reduced due to a decrease in the rotational speed of the compressor 1 and the air flow (conditioned air) having a low blowing temperature is blown out from the blowout port 33 of the indoor unit 100, indoor side control is performed. The device 12 performs control to turn the vertical wind direction adjustment plate 34 to an angle at which the air blows upward so that the wind speed of the indoor fan 9 is reduced and the blown airflow at a low temperature does not directly hit the user. . Here, the top blowing is to blow out the airflow in the horizontal direction or from the horizontal toward the ceiling.

  Subsequently, a description will be given of a case where the outdoor control device 14 performs an operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance of electric power by detecting a fluctuation (overpower supply state) in which the frequency of the power source is larger than the reference frequency by 0.4 Hz or more during the heating operation. To do. In this case, the indoor control device 12 sets the wind speed of the indoor fan 9 to high or high so that the power consumption is increased by obtaining the high heating capacity operation as much as possible. However, in order to prevent the user from feeling too warm or feeling uncomfortable at the higher wind speed, the indoor side control device 12 sets the up / down airflow direction adjusting plate 34 so that the air flow into the room does not directly hit the user. Control to rotate to the angle that becomes the top blow.

  In this way, in the operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance of the power during the heating operation, the indoor side control device 12 controls the up-and-down airflow direction adjusting plate 34 so that the blown airflow does not directly hit the user in any case. When the power supply is insufficient, it is possible to avoid the user from being exposed to a low temperature air current, and when the power supply is excessive, the user can be prevented from being exposed to an air current driven by a high heating capacity. Discomfort is reduced.

  Next, during the cooling operation, the outdoor control device 14 causes a fluctuation (power supply shortage state) in which the frequency of the power source becomes −0.4 Hz to −1.5 Hz (excluding −1.5 Hz) from the reference frequency. A case where the operation for detecting and adjusting the supply and demand balance of electric power is performed will be described. In this case, since the cooling capacity is reduced due to a decrease in the rotational speed of the compressor 1 and an airflow having a high blowing temperature is blown out from the blowout port 33 of the indoor unit 100, the indoor side control device 12 is used by the user. The air speed of the indoor fan 9 is increased, and the vertical air direction adjustment plate 34 is swung up and down to control the airflow to the user.

  Subsequently, a description will be given of a case in which the outdoor control device 14 performs an operation of adjusting the supply and demand balance of power by detecting a fluctuation (overpower supply state) in which the frequency of the power source is larger than the reference frequency by 0.4 Hz or more during the cooling operation. To do. In this case, as in the heating operation, the indoor control device 12 sets the wind speed of the indoor fan 9 to high or medium and high so that the power consumption is increased by obtaining the high cooling capacity operation as much as possible. . However, in order to prevent the user from feeling too cold or feeling uncomfortable at the higher wind speed, the indoor side control device 12 sets the vertical wind direction adjustment plate 34 so that the air flow into the room does not directly hit the user. Control to rotate to the angle that becomes the top blow.

  As described above, even in the operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance of the power during the cooling operation, the indoor control device 12 gives a feeling of airflow to the user when the power supply is insufficient, and increases the user when the power supply is excessive. Since it is possible to avoid the airflow that is driven by the cooling capability, the user's discomfort can be reduced.

  In addition, the indoor unit 100 main body is provided with a human body detection sensor (not shown), and the human body detection sensor detects an occupant (user) in the room to adjust the power supply and demand balance during heating operation. In the operation of adjusting the supply and demand balance of electric power due to the excessive supply of electric power during the cooling operation, the indoor side control device 12 causes the vertical air direction adjustment plate 34 and the left and right air direction adjustment plates so as to blow the air flow avoiding the detected person. The direction (angle) of 35 may be controlled.

  In the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance due to the insufficient supply of power during the cooling operation, the indoor side control device 12 sends the air flow directly to the person detected by the human body detection sensor. The direction of the adjusting plate 34 and the left / right airflow direction adjusting plate 35 may be controlled, and the up / down airflow direction adjusting plate 34 is swung up / down and the left / right airflow direction adjusting plate 35 is also swung left / right to give the user a sense of airflow. You may make it give.

  In addition, even when taking measures to stop the compressor 1 as an operation for detecting fluctuations that are smaller than the reference frequency of 1.5 Hz or more (a state in which insufficient power supply is serious) and adjusting the power supply-demand balance, Similarly, during the heating operation, the wind speed of the indoor fan 9 is reduced so that the blown airflow does not hit the user, and during the cooling operation, the wind speed of the indoor fan 9 is increased so as to make the blown airflow up, down, left and right. The indoor fan 9 may be stopped similarly to the compressor 1. In that case, the up-and-down air direction adjusting plate 34 may be rotated to close the air outlet 33.

  FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the main body of the indoor unit 101. In this figure, the air outlet 33 is shown as being closed by two up-and-down air direction adjusting plates 34 (the operation stop state of the air conditioner 100). ing. In the air conditioner 100, a display lamp 23b is installed in the main body of the indoor unit 101 to indicate that the power supply / demand balance is being adjusted. The display lamp 23b is one of the display means 23. In FIG. 6, it is provided separately from the operation lamp 23a (one of the display means) indicating that the air conditioner 100 is in operation. When the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is started, the indoor control device 12 turns on the display lamp 23b to inform the user that the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is in progress. Both the operation lamp 23a and the display lamp 23b are lit during the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance.

  When the stability of the power supply / demand balance is restored and the outdoor control device 14 terminates the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance, the indoor control device 12 turns off the display lamp 23b. In the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance, when the power supply shortage is in a serious state, the compressor 1 is stopped. In this case, too, the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is in progress. The control device 12 lights the display lamp 23b, and both the operation lamp 23a and the display lamp 23b are turned on. Each of the lamps uses an LED (light emitting diode).

  In this way, since the display lamp 23b is turned on, the user can recognize that the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is being performed, so that the user can adjust the power supply / demand balance. Even if some discomfort is caused, it can be understood that the air conditioner 100 is not broken, and it is possible to avoid making the user feel anxious or worried.

  Further, a notation unit 36 is provided in the vicinity of the display lamp 23b of the main body of the indoor unit 101 for explaining to the user what the lighting of the display lamp 23b means. The notation 36 clearly states that when the display lamp 23b is lit, the power supply / demand balance is in operation and is not a malfunction. In addition, it is good to display what kind of operation is to adjust the power supply / demand balance, and what is the purpose of the operation, but if there is a space problem, details are handled. It may be displayed that the user wants to refer to the instruction, and those points may be explained in the instruction manual.

  By providing the notation unit 36, the user can immediately understand that the lighting of the display lamp 23b means that the power supply / demand balance is being adjusted. It turns out that it is not a malfunction, and it is possible to avoid more worrying or worried about the user.

  The notation portion 36 is configured by sticking a sticker (seal), but may be configured by printing directly on the outer surface of the housing 30, or the outer surface may be changed depending on the mold during resin molding of the housing 30. You may comprise so that it may engrave on.

  Moreover, you may comprise so that it may be displayed during the operation which adjusts the supply-and-demand balance of electric power by changing the lighting state of the driving lamp 23a, without providing the display lamp 23b. For example, the operation lamp 23a is lit during normal operation, but the operation lamp 23a is changed to blinking by the indoor side control device 12 during operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance. Inform users that they are driving to balance supply and demand. In this case, what the blinking of the operation lamp 23a means will be described in the notation unit 36. There is an effect that the cost of installing the display lamp 23b can be omitted.

  In addition, it may be displayed on the display screen of the remote controller 25 to inform the user that the electric power supply / demand balance is being adjusted, or may be displayed on both the indoor unit 101 main body and the remote controller 25. Also good.

  In addition, when the user operates the remote controller 25 during the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance, the air conditioner 100 is not directly related to the change in the rotation speed of the compressor 1, for example, the wind direction ( An instruction to change the vertical air direction adjusting plate 34 or the right and left air direction adjusting plate 35 or the air volume (the rotational speed of the indoor fan 9) is immediately executed. The change or operation mode change instruction is accepted by the remote control receiver 24 but is not executed at that time, and is executed after the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance is completed and the operation returns to the normal operation according to the building load. .

  It should be noted that during operation to balance the power supply and demand, it may be configured so that all instructions from the remote controller 25 are accepted but not executed, and are executed after returning to normal operation. During the operation for adjusting the balance, it may be configured not to receive (receive) any instruction from the remote controller 25.

  In fact, in the power system 50, a situation in which the frequency of the supplied power, which is at a level where the power supply-demand balance is broken, fluctuates outside the allowable range does not occur frequently. For this reason, it is not practical for the outdoor control device 14 to detect a deviation from the predetermined range of the frequency of the power supply, for example, 10 times a day or so frequently, and there may be a problem in control. . For this reason, in the air conditioner 100, the outdoor control microcomputer 209 stores the number of times of performing the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance. When the stored number of times exceeds a predetermined number within a predetermined period, the outdoor side control device 14 determines that a control trouble has occurred.

  When such a determination is made, for example, the display lamp 23b is blinked or a trouble occurrence is displayed on the display screen of the remote controller 25 to notify the user that a trouble on the control has occurred. The user understands the meaning of the warning by means of a manual, etc., and makes a request for troubleshooting (repair) to the service department of the manufacturer. At that time, even if the outdoor control device 14 is operated from a predetermined range of the frequency of the power source by a specific remote control operation so as not to feel uncomfortable by the operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance of electric power that frequently occurs during the period until repair. Even if a deviation is detected, it can be set so as not to shift to an operation for adjusting the power supply-demand balance.

  In addition, when the number of times of performing the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance within the predetermined period exceeds the predetermined number and the outdoor control device 14 determines that a control trouble has occurred, the power is thereafter You may make it invalidate the control which performs the driving | operation which arranges the demand-and-supply balance. The power frequency measurement by the power frequency measurement circuit 16 and the reference frequency update control by the outdoor control microcomputer 209 may be invalidated.

  In this way, it is possible to avoid a situation in which an operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance of power is performed due to erroneous detection of the outdoor control device 14. Thereby, although it is not necessary, an operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance of electric power is performed, and the occurrence of a problem that the user feels uncomfortable is avoided. The predetermined time and the predetermined number of times that the outdoor control device 14 determines that a control trouble has occurred are determined by discussion with the power system 50 in charge of the area where the air conditioner 100 is installed. It is desirable.

  In the air conditioner 100 described so far, the frequency control circuit 16 of the power source is provided in the outdoor side control device 14, but this is because the outdoor side control device 14 switches the PAM means 203 on the control board. This is also because the power supply zero-cross circuit 207 used for element switching control is provided in advance, that is, the existing power-supply zero-cross circuit 207 is used. In the case of an air conditioner without an existing power supply zero-cross circuit, a power supply zero-cross circuit 207 is newly provided in order to provide the frequency measurement circuit 16 of the power supply. In this case, the power supply zero-cross is provided on the control board of the indoor controller 12. The circuit 207 may be provided, and the power supply frequency measurement circuit 16 may be configured in the indoor control device 12 by the power supply zero-cross circuit 207 and the indoor control microcomputer 201 (including the clock oscillation circuit 211).

  In this case, the indoor side control device 12 (the indoor control microcomputer 201) determines the power supply / demand balance state by updating the reference frequency or comparing the instantaneous value of the power supply frequency with the reference frequency (average frequency). Based on the result, it is determined whether to start and end the operation to balance the power supply and demand. When the start and end of the operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance of power is determined, this is transmitted to the outdoor control device 14 via the communication line 13c, and the received outdoor control device 14 receives the compressor. The number of revolutions of the compressor 1 is controlled by the drive circuit 15 to increase or decrease the power consumption of the air conditioner 100.

  As described above, the frequency measuring circuit 16 of the power source described so far is mounted on an air conditioner with a high power consumption ratio, and this is widely spread. Many air conditioners measure the frequency of the power source measured. The power supply / demand balance status is determined based on the amount of change between the (instantaneous value) and the reference frequency obtained by averaging the measured values of the power supply frequency for the most recent predetermined time, and immediately when the power supply / demand balance is disrupted Performing an operation to adjust the power supply / demand balance and increasing / decreasing its power consumption is very effective in stabilizing the power supply / demand balance and can greatly contribute to the stabilization of power quality.

  For this purpose, it is necessary to configure the frequency measurement circuit 16 of the power supply in a space-saving manner and reduce the cost of mounting it. However, by utilizing the power supply zero-cross circuit 207, and the amount of change from the reference frequency, Since the power supply / demand balance state is determined, the clock signal of the ceramic oscillator can be utilized, so that it can be realized in an existing control device with extremely low cost and space saving.

  In Embodiment 1 described above, the air conditioner 100 has been described as a room air conditioner (for home use), but of course, the air conditioner 100 can be applied to large air conditioners for business use (stores) and buildings. However, by applying it to these large air conditioners that consume a large amount of power, it can greatly contribute to the stabilization of the power supply-demand balance. This is particularly effective during the daytime in summer, when power supply is insufficient. As a result, the power quality is stabilized, and the power system 50 uses the wind power generation facility 106 and the solar power generation facility 105 to the maximum to minimize the operation of the rotary generator 104 and burn the fuel. It is possible to suppress the emission of carbon dioxide that occurs sometimes.

  In addition to the air conditioner, application to other refrigeration cycle apparatuses using a compression refrigeration cycle (compression heat pump cycle) is also effective. For example, recently, the use of compression-type refrigeration cycles using midnight power, heat exchange between refrigerant and water to make hot water (heat water), and the hot water in a hot water storage tank There is an application to a heat pump type hot water heater that stores and supplies. This hot water heater is basically equipped with an entire refrigeration cycle in a heat source machine installed outdoors, and a heat exchanger for water heating of the refrigeration cycle (in the heating operation of the air conditioner, indoor heat exchange that becomes a condenser) The heat of the refrigerant is transmitted to the water in a tank that is installed separately from the heat source machine, and hot water is made and supplied to the tank. Water in the tank is circulated by a pump between the tank and a heat exchanger for water heating of the heat source unit. Carbon dioxide is generally used as a refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle of a water heater.

  A power source frequency measurement circuit 16 similar to the above is installed in the control device (control board) of the heat source unit, and, similar to the air conditioner 100, the control unit determines the power supply / demand balance state, and the power supply / demand balance. If it is determined that the power supply has collapsed, the operation immediately adjusts the power supply / demand balance. However, the operation for adjusting the supply and demand balance of power may be different from that of the air conditioner 100 described above.

  In a heat pump water heater, in order to make a predetermined amount of hot water in a predetermined amount of time in a predetermined amount of time, for the load conditions that differ from night to night, such as the temperature of the water in the tank (water temperature) and the outside temperature including the remaining hot water the previous day, The compressor rotation speed can be changed efficiently, that is, the operation can be performed with lower power consumption. However, in a single water heater operation, heat exchange for air immediately after the compressor starts or immediately before it stops or in winter Except for the defrosting operation of the air conditioner (equivalent to the outdoor heat exchanger that serves as the evaporator in the heating operation of the air conditioner), the rotation is usually determined with priority given to the efficiency until the boiling is completed. Operates continuously with numbers.

  Therefore, as with the air conditioner 100 described above, the rotation speed of the compressor may be changed to increase or decrease the power consumption, and the power supply / demand balance may be adjusted. If the control device detects a fluctuation that deviates from a predetermined range in a direction in which the frequency of the power supply becomes smaller than the reference frequency without performing control to reduce the rotational speed of the machine, the control device immediately stops the compressor, Stop hot water operation. When the balance of power supply and demand is restored (the amount of fluctuation of the power supply frequency versus the reference frequency has returned to the predetermined range), the control device performs the most efficient water heating operation for the load condition at that time. It is also possible to determine the number of rotations of the compressor that can perform the operation, and continuously operate until the boiling is completed at the number of rotations.

  In this way, by applying it to a heat pump water heater and spreading it widely, it can greatly contribute to the stabilization of the supply and demand balance of midnight power. This stabilizes the quality of the late-night power, and in the power system 50, the wind power generation facility 106 is utilized to the maximum to minimize the operation of the rotary generator 104 according to the late-night power demand and burn the fuel. Carbon dioxide emissions that occur when doing so can be minimized.

  Moreover, application to a refrigerator-freezer is also effective as another refrigeration cycle apparatus using a compression refrigeration cycle. In recent years, with the background of energy saving, the spread of refrigerators equipped with a compressor whose rotation speed can be changed has been increasing. For this reason, it is also possible to increase / decrease the power consumption of a refrigerator by changing the rotation speed of a compressor. Therefore, the frequency measurement circuit 16 of the power source similar to the air conditioner 100 is installed in the control device (control board) of the refrigerator, and the control device determines the power supply / demand balance state, and determines that the power supply / demand balance is broken. If so, the operation to immediately balance the supply and demand of electric power shall be performed.

  However, in a refrigerator, changing the number of revolutions of the compressor to increase or decrease the power consumption makes the temperature control in the cabinet unstable and should not adversely affect the food to be stored. The ratio of multiplying the operating current immediately before or at the start of the operation for adjusting the power supply / demand balance, which is used for setting the target operating current as an index for changing the number, is less than in the case of the air conditioner 100, and the compressor Avoid drastic changes in speed. In particular, when the rotational speed of the compressor is reduced when power is insufficiently supplied, the air conditioner 100 sets the reduction rate of the operating current to 75% or 60%. Even in the case of 80%, it is 80%. And it shall not take measures to stop the compressor during operation. In this way, the stored food is prevented from being adversely affected during the operation to balance the supply and demand of electric power.

  Also, if the refrigerator changes the rotation speed of the compressor in stages rather than continuously, the rotation speed will be one step lower if power supply is insufficient, and one paragraph higher if power supply is excessive. Do not change the number of revolutions of the compressor significantly, such as the number of revolutions. In the case of refrigerators, it is necessary to prioritize the protection of food in the cabinet, so it is difficult to increase or decrease the power consumption.However, by spreading this widely in refrigerators with a high penetration rate, Can greatly contribute to the stabilization of the supply and demand balance. This is particularly effective during the daytime in summer, when power supply is insufficient. As a result, the power quality is stabilized, and the power system 50 uses the wind power generation facility 106 and the solar power generation facility 105 to the maximum to minimize the operation of the rotary generator 104 and burn the fuel. It is possible to suppress the emission of carbon dioxide that occurs sometimes.

  In addition, the refrigerator / refrigerator is not limited to home use, but can be applied to commercial refrigerators / refrigerators and also to commercial showcases and vending machines using a compression refrigeration cycle. , Can greatly contribute to the stabilization of the electricity supply-demand balance. As a result, the power quality is stabilized, and the power system 50 uses the wind power generation facility 106 and the solar power generation facility 105 to the maximum to minimize the operation of the rotary generator 104 and burn the fuel. It is possible to suppress the emission of carbon dioxide that occurs sometimes.

  Furthermore, the electric appliance (refrigeration cycle device) on the demand side performs the operation to adjust the supply / demand balance of the power to increase / decrease the power consumption according to the supply / demand balance state of the power in this way. In the system 50, it is not necessary to generate electric power that may become surplus electric power to avoid insufficient supply of electric power. As a result, it is possible to suppress as much as possible the emission of carbon dioxide that occurs when the rotary generator 104 burns fuel.

  As described above, the above-described refrigeration cycle apparatus capable of operating to balance the supply and demand of electric power is widely used, so that power generation facilities that generate power using natural energy, such as wind power generation facilities 106 and solar power generation facilities 105, can be maximized. Therefore, it is possible to realize the power system 50 that can minimize the operation of the rotary generator 104 and does not require the generation of electric power that may become surplus power. The carbon dioxide emission generated when burning the gas is suppressed as much as possible, and it can greatly contribute to the prevention of global warming.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electric power grid | system and demand side in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the refrigerant circuit etc. of the air conditioner in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the indoor unit of the air conditioner in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control apparatus of the air conditioner in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the power supply zero cross circuit with which the outdoor side control apparatus of the air conditioner in Embodiment 1 of this invention is equipped. It is a perspective view of the indoor unit main body of the air conditioner in Embodiment 1 of this invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor, 2 discharge piping, 3 suction piping, 4 accumulator, 5 refrigerant | coolant flow path switching valve (four-way valve), 6 indoor heat exchanger, 7 decompression device (expansion valve), 8 outdoor heat exchanger, 9 indoor fan, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Outdoor fan, 11a Indoor / outdoor connection piping (liquid side), 11b Indoor / outdoor connection piping (gas side), 12 Indoor control device, 13 Indoor / outdoor communication cable, 14 Outdoor control device, 15 Compressor drive circuit, 16 Power supply Frequency measurement circuit, 17 discharge temperature thermistor, 18 room temperature thermistor, 20 indoor tube temperature thermistor, 21 outdoor tube temperature thermistor, 22 power plug, 23 display means, 23a operation lamp, 23b display lamp, 24 remote control receiver, 25 external operation Device (remote control), 30 Case, 31 Front panel, 32 Suction port, 33 Air outlet, 34 Vertical air direction adjustment plate, 35 Left and right Wind direction adjusting plate, 36 Notation part, 50 Power system, 51 AC voltage waveform of power source, 52a-52c Zero voltage point, 53 Output signal, 100 Air conditioner, 101 Indoor unit, 102 Outdoor unit, 103 Housing (Power demand side) 104, 104a to 104c Rotary generator, 105 Solar power generation facility, 106 Wind power generation facility, 107 Power transmission line, 201 Indoor control microcomputer, 202 Reactor, 203 PAM means, 204 Diode bridge, 205 Smoothing capacitor, 206 IPM ( Inverter section), 207 power zero cross circuit, 208 transcurrent (current sensor), 209 outdoor control microcomputer, 210, 211 clock signal oscillation circuit.

Claims (6)

A refrigeration cycle apparatus using a refrigeration cycle in which a refrigerant is circulated by a compressor having a variable rotation speed,
A control device equipped with a microcomputer having a clock oscillation circuit for generating a clock signal, and controlling the operation of the refrigeration cycle;
A power supply zero-cross circuit that is provided in the control device and detects a voltage zero point of the AC voltage of the power supply input to the refrigeration cycle device;
The power supply zero-cross circuit and the microcomputer including the clock oscillation circuit are configured, and the microcomputer uses the clock signal of the clock oscillation circuit to detect the power supply from the interval of the voltage zero point detected by the power supply zero-cross circuit. A frequency measurement circuit for the power supply that measures the frequency of the power supply by capturing the period of the AC voltage of
The clock oscillation circuit uses a ceramic oscillator ,
The control device is
A power supply frequency for a predetermined time measured by the power supply frequency measurement circuit is averaged to obtain a reference frequency, and a fluctuation amount of the power supply frequency measured by the power supply frequency measurement circuit with respect to the reference frequency is obtained.
A refrigeration cycle apparatus that changes the rotational speed of the compressor when the fluctuation amount of the frequency of the power source deviates from a predetermined range. The microcomputer captures the period of the AC voltage of the power supply by counting the number of clock signals generated from the clock oscillation circuit in the interval of the voltage zero point detected by the power supply zero-cross circuit. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1 . Provided with a current sensor for detecting the operating current of the refrigeration cycle device,
The control device is
When the frequency of the power source measured by the frequency measurement circuit of the power source fluctuates in a direction smaller than the reference frequency and deviates from the predetermined range, the frequency of the power source detected by the current sensor deviates from the predetermined range. A target operating current lower than the operating current before the operation is set, and the rotational speed of the compressor is reduced while monitoring the operating current with the current sensor so that the operating current becomes the target operating current. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 . The control device is
When the frequency of the power source measured by the frequency measurement circuit of the power source fluctuates in a direction smaller than the reference frequency and deviates from the predetermined range, the maximum allowable current of the refrigeration cycle apparatus or the maximum allowable rotation of the compressor The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the number of rotations is reduced to reduce the number of rotations of the compressor. The control device is
When the frequency of the power source measured by the frequency measurement circuit of the power source fluctuates in a direction that becomes larger than the reference frequency and deviates from the predetermined range, the compressor is operated at a maximum allowable rotational speed. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 . The control device includes a compressor drive circuit that has PAM means or an inverter unit to control the operation of the compressor,
This compressor drive circuit is equipped with a zero cross circuit used for switching control of the switching element of the PAM means or the inverter unit,
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein a zero-cross circuit of the compressor driving circuit is used as a power-supply zero-cross circuit of the frequency measurement circuit of the power source.

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