JP5205598B2 - Bending device for rectangular cross-section pipe - Google Patents

Bending device for rectangular cross-section pipe Download PDF

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JP5205598B2
JP5205598B2 JP2007281326A JP2007281326A JP5205598B2 JP 5205598 B2 JP5205598 B2 JP 5205598B2 JP 2007281326 A JP2007281326 A JP 2007281326A JP 2007281326 A JP2007281326 A JP 2007281326A JP 5205598 B2 JP5205598 B2 JP 5205598B2
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tube
rectangular cross
bending
section
section tube
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JP2009106965A (en
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裕二 橋本
治 園部
孝司 鈴木
豊久 新宮
幸司 斉藤
裕英 吉田
正雄 岡田
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JFE Steel Corp
Taiyo Corp
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Taiyo Corp
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Description

本発明は、矩形断面管の曲げ加工装置に係り、とくに後方張力付加機構を有する回転可能な曲げ型を用いた曲げ加工装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a bending apparatus for a rectangular cross-section tube, and more particularly to a bending apparatus using a rotatable bending die having a rear tension applying mechanism.

矩形断面管を曲げ加工するための装置としては、例えば、特許文献1に、矩形断面管を2点で支持し、矩形断面管の幅方向の変形を治具で抑制しながら、その支点間の反対側の1点で該矩形断面管を押し金具で押圧して、矩形断面管の幅方向の変形を治具で抑制しながら、直角に折り曲げることができる装置が記載されている。特許文献1に記載された装置は、いわゆる3点支持のプレス曲げ装置である。特許文献1に記載された技術によれば、角パイプを直角まで曲げることができるとしている。   As an apparatus for bending a rectangular cross-section tube, for example, in Patent Document 1, a rectangular cross-section tube is supported at two points, and the deformation in the width direction of the rectangular cross-section tube is suppressed by a jig, and between the fulcrums. An apparatus is described in which the rectangular cross-section tube is pressed with a metal fitting at one point on the opposite side and bent at a right angle while suppressing deformation in the width direction of the rectangular cross-section tube with a jig. The apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is a so-called three-point press bending apparatus. According to the technique described in Patent Document 1, the square pipe can be bent to a right angle.

また、効率的な管の曲げ加工方法として、回転引き曲げ加工方法が知られている。回転引き曲げ加工方法では、回転可能な曲げ型と、曲げ加工前の管軸方向に直進可能な押し型とで、管を挟持し、管の先端を曲げ型にクランプで固定して、曲げ型を回転させることで、管を曲げ型の外周に沿って曲げ加工することができる。このような回転引き曲げ加工方法は、円形断面管の曲げ加工に広く適用されている。しかし、矩形断面管への適用はまだ少ない。   As an efficient pipe bending method, a rotary drawing bending method is known. In the rotary pulling bending method, the bending die is clamped between the rotatable bending die and the push die that can go straight in the tube axis direction before bending, and the tip of the tube is clamped to the bending die. By rotating the tube, the tube can be bent along the outer periphery of the bending die. Such a rotary drawing bending method is widely applied to bending a circular cross-section tube. However, there are few applications for rectangular cross-section tubes.

この回転引き曲げ加工方法を利用して、軸芯部に空間が設けられている長尺の材料を曲げ加工する装置が、例えば、特許文献2に記載されている。特許文献2に記載された曲げ加工装置は、外周面が曲面状の成型ドラムと、材料の先部を保持して成型ドラムの外周面に沿うように引っ張る引張保持部材と、材料に対し引張方向と逆方向への抵抗力を与える抵抗力付与手段とが設けられた装置である。そして、抵抗力付与手段は、加圧シューと、この加圧シューを材料に対し加圧する加圧装置からなり、加圧シューで材料表面に加圧力を与え、動摩擦抵抗力を作用させる。この抵抗力付与手段により、材料に引張抵抗力が付与され、材料が曲げられる際に発生する曲げ応力を緩和して扁平変形や皺変形を抑制でき、さらには座屈変形力を緩和できるとしている。
特開平11−77172号公報 特開平11−267765号公報
For example, Patent Document 2 discloses an apparatus for bending a long material in which a space is provided in an axial center portion by using this rotary pull bending method. The bending apparatus described in Patent Document 2 includes a molding drum having a curved outer peripheral surface, a tension holding member that holds the tip of the material and pulls it along the outer peripheral surface of the molding drum, and a tensile direction with respect to the material. And resistance force applying means for applying a resistance force in the opposite direction. The resistance applying means includes a pressure shoe and a pressure device that presses the pressure shoe against the material. The pressure shoe applies pressure to the surface of the material to cause a dynamic frictional resistance to act. By this resistance force applying means, a tensile resistance force is applied to the material, the bending stress generated when the material is bent can be relieved, flat deformation and wrinkle deformation can be suppressed, and further, the buckling deformation force can be relieved. .
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-77172 JP 11-267765 A

しかしながら、円管の回転引き曲げ加工の技術をそのまま矩形断面管の曲げ加工に適用すると、曲げ加工部の断面形状が図7に示すようにゆがみ、台形化しやすい。また、曲げ部外側に局部減肉や割れが発生しやすく、さらには、曲げ部内側にしわが生じやすい等の問題があった。また、特許文献2に記載された技術によれば、矩形断面管を曲げ加工する際に曲げ部断面形状の修正に多少の効果があるが、しかし依然として、曲げ加工部外側の減肉を防止できず、また、曲げ半径の小さい曲げ加工では割れが発生しやすいという問題があった。   However, if the technique of rotating and bending a circular tube is applied to the bending of a rectangular cross-section tube as it is, the cross-sectional shape of the bent portion is distorted as shown in FIG. In addition, local thinning and cracking are likely to occur on the outer side of the bent part, and further, wrinkles are likely to occur on the inner side of the bent part. Further, according to the technique described in Patent Document 2, there is some effect in correcting the cross-sectional shape of the bent portion when bending the rectangular cross-section tube, but still the thickness reduction outside the bent portion can be prevented. In addition, there is a problem that cracking is likely to occur in a bending process with a small bending radius.

本発明は、かかる従来技術の問題を解決し、曲げ加工部外側の減肉や、曲げ加工部断面形状のゆがみを抑制し、高い寸法精度で矩形断面管を曲げ加工できる、矩形断面管の曲げ加工装置を提供することを目的とする。
なお、本発明では、図6に示すように、矩形断面管10を曲げ加工したときに曲げ加工部内側と曲げ加工部外側とになる部分をウェブ幅部16といい、相対する2つのウェブ幅部を連結する部分をウェブ高さ部15という。また、正規形状の矩形断面管の断面寸法パラメータとして、ウェブ幅部の幅をW、2つのウェブ幅部の外面間距離であるウェブ高さ部の高さをH、肉厚をtで表記する。
The present invention solves the problems of the prior art, suppresses the thinning of the outer side of the bent portion and the distortion of the cross-sectional shape of the bent portion, and can bend the rectangular cross-section tube with high dimensional accuracy. An object is to provide a processing apparatus.
In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, when the rectangular cross-section tube 10 is bent, a portion that becomes the inner side of the bent portion and the outer side of the bent portion is referred to as a web width portion 16, and two opposed web widths are provided. A portion connecting the portions is referred to as a web height portion 15. In addition, as the cross-sectional dimension parameters of the regular rectangular cross-section tube, the width of the web width portion is expressed as W, the height of the web height portion, which is the distance between the outer surfaces of the two web width portions, and the thickness is expressed as t. .

本発明者らは、上記した目的を達成するため、矩形断面管の回転引き曲げ加工に着目し、曲げ加工後の寸法精度を向上させるために、矩形断面管の曲げ加工装置における寸法精度向上対策について鋭意研究した。その結果、曲げ加工装置を、矩形断面管をウェブ高さ方向および/またはウェブ幅方向に圧下しながら、さらには矩形断面管に後方張力を付与しながら、回転引き曲げ加工を行うことができる装置とすることがよいことを見出した。   In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventors paid attention to the rotational drawing bending of the rectangular cross-section tube, and in order to improve the dimensional accuracy after the bending, measures for improving the dimensional accuracy in the bending apparatus of the rectangular cross-section tube I studied earnestly. As a result, the bending apparatus can rotate and bend the rectangular cross-section pipe while reducing the rectangular cross-section pipe in the web height direction and / or the web width direction, and further applying a back tension to the rectangular cross section pipe. And found that it is good.

本発明は、かかる知見に基づいて、さらに検討を加えて完成されたものである。すなわち、本発明の要旨は次のとおりである。
(1)矩形断面管を所望の曲げ形状に曲げ加工する曲げ加工装置であって、前記曲げ形状に対応した外周形状を有し回転可能に配設された曲げ型と、該曲げ型の外周に前記矩形断面管の先端を固定可能に配設されたクランプと、前記曲げ型と協働し前記矩形断面管を挟持し、加工前の該矩形断面管の管軸方向に移動可能に配設された押し型と、該押し型を前記矩形断面管のウェブ幅部に0.85以上1.0未満のウェブ幅圧下比で押し付け可能に配設された押し型加圧手段と、前記矩形断面管の後端側に配設され該矩形断面管に0.01〜0.1の管軸方向張力比で張力を負荷する後方張力負荷手段とを有し、前記曲げ型が、固定部と可動部に分割可能に構成され、かつ該可動部が前記矩形断面管のウェブ高さ部に0.85以上1.0未満のウェブ高さ圧下比で押し付け可能な可動部加圧手段を備えたことを特徴とする矩形断面管の曲げ加工装置。
(2)(1)において、前記後方張力負荷手段が、前記矩形断面管の後端部の管半径方向に拡縮して該矩形断面管の後端部の管内周面を押圧可能なテーパーコレットと、該テーパーコレットを抱持して前記矩形断面管の後端部の管外周面に接触可能な外筒リングと、該外筒リングと前記テーパーコレットを貫通し前記管軸方向に移動して前記テーパーコレットを前記管半径方向に拡縮させるエキスパンダと、該エキスパンダに連結した棒を前記管軸方向に移動させる管端クランプ用シリンダと、前記棒を貫通させ前記管端クランプ用シリンダおよび前記外筒リングに連結してこれらを前記管軸方向に移動させる管軸張力負荷中空シリンダと、を備えることを特徴とする曲げ加工装置。
(3)(2)において、前記テーパーコレットが、管周方向に複数に分割された割り型であり、該分割された割り型の各々が前記エキスパンダに沿って管軸方向にすべり可能で、かつ前記エキスパンダからの分離を防止可能に構成され、さらに後方張力負荷方向側の一端にフランジを有する構造を有し、前記外筒リングが、分割可能な内側部材と外側部材とからなり、該内側部材と該外側部材とにより前記テーパーコレットのフランジを抑え前記テーパーコレットの管軸方向の移動を抑制する構造を有することを特徴とする曲げ加工装置。
The present invention has been completed on the basis of such findings and further studies. That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) A bending apparatus for bending a rectangular cross-section tube into a desired bending shape, wherein the bending die has an outer peripheral shape corresponding to the bending shape and is rotatably disposed, and an outer periphery of the bending die. A clamp that is disposed so that the tip of the rectangular cross-section tube can be fixed, and the bending die in cooperation with the bending die, and is disposed so as to be movable in the tube axis direction of the rectangular cross-section tube before processing. A pressing die, a pressing die pressurizing means arranged to be able to press the pressing die against a web width portion of the rectangular cross-section tube at a web width reduction ratio of 0.85 or more and less than 1.0, and a rear end side of the rectangular cross-section tube And a rear tension load means for applying tension to the rectangular cross-section pipe at a tension ratio of 0.01 to 0.1 in the axial direction of the pipe , and the bending die is configured to be separable into a fixed part and a movable part, and the moving part is the web height of the rectangular section tube Allowed pressing the web height reduction ratio of less than 0.85 to 1.0 Bending apparatus a rectangular section tube comprising the a movable portion pressing means.
(2) In (1), the backward tension load means is a taper collet capable of expanding and contracting in the tube radial direction of the rear end portion of the rectangular cross-section tube and pressing the pipe inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the rectangular cross-section tube; An outer cylindrical ring that can hold the tapered collet and come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tube at the rear end of the rectangular cross-section tube, and penetrates the outer cylindrical ring and the tapered collet to move in the axial direction of the tube. An expander that expands and contracts a taper collet in the tube radial direction, a tube end clamping cylinder that moves a rod connected to the expander in the tube axis direction, a tube end clamping cylinder that passes through the rod, and the outer cylinder A bending apparatus comprising: a tube axis tension load hollow cylinder connected to a tube ring and moving them in the tube axis direction.
(3) In (2), the tapered collet is a split mold divided into a plurality of pipe circumferential directions, and each of the split split molds can slide in the pipe axis direction along the expander. And is configured to prevent separation from the expander, and further has a structure having a flange at one end on the rear tension load direction side, and the outer cylinder ring is composed of an inner member and an outer member that can be divided, A bending apparatus having a structure in which a flange of the taper collet is suppressed by an inner member and the outer member and movement of the taper collet in a tube axis direction is suppressed.

本発明の曲げ加工装置によれば、矩形断面管の曲げ加工に際し、曲げ外側の減肉、曲げ内側のしわ、曲げ加工部断面形状のゆがみ等が抑制され、さらには曲げ半径が小さい場合でも割れの発生はなく、矩形断面管を高寸法精度で、しかも生産性高く曲げ加工することができ、産業上格段の効果を奏する。   According to the bending apparatus of the present invention, when bending a rectangular cross-section tube, thinning on the outer side of the bending, wrinkling on the inner side of the bending, distortion of the cross-sectional shape of the bent portion, etc. are suppressed, and even when the bending radius is small, cracking occurs. The rectangular cross-section tube can be bent with high dimensional accuracy and high productivity, and has a remarkable industrial effect.

本発明の曲げ加工装置は、矩形断面管を所望の曲げ形状に曲げ加工する曲げ加工装置で、その一例を図1に示す。
曲げ型1は、矩形断面管の所望の曲げ形状に対応した外周形状を有し、軸5を回転中心軸として矢示方向12に回転可能に配設され、矩形断面管を回転引き曲げ加工により所望の曲げ形状に加工可能とする。なお、軸5は、モータ等の軸駆動手段(図示せず)により回転される。また、曲げ型1は、図1(A−A矢視)に示すように、軸5に対して不動とされた固定部1Aと、軸5の軸方向に可動とされた可動部1Bとで分割可能に構成される。可動部1Bには可動部加圧手段6を備え、可動部1Bを矩形断面管のウェブ高さ部に押付け可能とする。この押付けは、可動部加圧手段6を駆動、拡縮6Aさせることにより行う。これにより、曲げ型1の固定部1Aと可動部1Bの間で矩形断面管1のウェブ幅部の幅Wを縮小する方向(矢示方向7)の圧下を加えることができる。なお、可動部加圧手段6としては、例えば中空型油圧シリンダが例示できる。
The bending apparatus of the present invention is a bending apparatus that bends a rectangular cross-section tube into a desired bending shape, and an example thereof is shown in FIG.
The bending die 1 has an outer peripheral shape corresponding to a desired bending shape of the rectangular cross-section tube, and is disposed so as to be rotatable in the arrow direction 12 with the shaft 5 as a rotation center axis. It can be processed into a desired bent shape. The shaft 5 is rotated by shaft driving means (not shown) such as a motor. Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (AA arrow), the bending die 1 includes a fixed portion 1A that is immovable with respect to the shaft 5 and a movable portion 1B that is movable in the axial direction of the shaft 5. It is configured to be splittable. The movable part 1B is provided with a movable part pressurizing means 6 so that the movable part 1B can be pressed against the web height part of the rectangular cross-section tube. This pressing is performed by driving the movable part pressurizing means 6 to expand / contract 6A. Thereby, it is possible to apply a reduction in a direction (arrow direction 7) in which the width W of the web width portion of the rectangular cross-section tube 1 is reduced between the fixed portion 1A and the movable portion 1B of the bending die 1. An example of the movable part pressurizing means 6 is a hollow hydraulic cylinder.

クランプ2は、矩形断面管10の先端を曲げ型1の外周に固定する手段である。また、押し型3は、曲げ型1と協働で矩形断面管10を挟持し、曲げ型1の矢示方向12への回転に伴い、矢示方向11(加工前の該矩形断面管の管軸方向)に摺動移動可能に配設される。押し型3には押し型加圧手段4が配設され、押し型加圧手段4により押し型3を矩形断面管10のウェブ幅部に押付ける。これにより、曲げ型1の固定部1Aと可動部1Bの間で矩形断面管1のウェブ高さ部の高さ寸法Hを縮小する方向(矢示方向8)の圧下を加えることができる。なお、押し型加圧手段4としては、油圧シリンダ等のアクチュエータが例示される。   The clamp 2 is a means for fixing the tip of the rectangular cross-section tube 10 to the outer periphery of the bending die 1. Further, the pressing die 3 sandwiches the rectangular cross-section tube 10 in cooperation with the bending die 1, and the arrow direction 11 (the tube of the rectangular cross-section tube before processing) as the bending die 1 rotates in the arrow direction 12. It is arranged to be slidable in the axial direction. The pressing die 3 is provided with a pressing die pressurizing means 4, and the pressing die pressurizing means 4 presses the pressing die 3 against the web width portion of the rectangular cross-section tube 10. Thereby, it is possible to apply a reduction in a direction (arrow direction 8) in which the height dimension H of the web height portion of the rectangular cross-section tube 1 is reduced between the fixed portion 1A and the movable portion 1B of the bending die 1. The push die pressurizing means 4 is exemplified by an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder.

また、後方張力負荷手段13は、矩形断面管の他端を掴んで、該矩形断面管の管軸方向に引張荷重が負荷可能な手段であればよく、とくにその構造は限定されない。なお、矩形断面管の他端には、後方張力負荷手段13の掴み具による係止が可能なように、予加工(穴あけ、つぶし、ねじ加工等)を施す必要があるが、かかる予加工を施す必要がない、図2に示すような後方張力負荷手段13とすることが好ましい。   The rear tension loading means 13 may be any means that can hold the other end of the rectangular cross-section tube and apply a tensile load in the tube axis direction of the rectangular cross-section tube, and its structure is not particularly limited. The other end of the rectangular cross-section tube needs to be pre-processed (drilling, crushing, screwing, etc.) so that the rear tension load means 13 can be locked by the gripping tool. It is preferable to use the rear tension load means 13 as shown in FIG.

図2に示す後方張力負荷手段13は、テーパーコレット131と、外筒リング133と、エキスパンダ132と、棒135と、管端クランプ用シリンダ136と、管軸張力負荷中空シリンダ137と、を備える。
テーパーコレット131は、矩形断面管10の後端部で、管半径方向に拡縮して矩形断面管10の管内周面を押圧可能に形成されている。外筒リング133は、テーパーコレット131を抱持して矩形断面管10の後端部の管外周面に接触可能に形成されている。エキスパンダ132は、テーパーコレット131および外筒リング133を貫通し管軸方向に移動して、テーパーコレット131を管半径方向に拡縮させる部材である。エキスパンダ132のテーパーコレット131に内接する部分は、テーパーコレット131を管半径方向に拡縮させることができるように、径をテーパー状に変化させている。エキスパンダ132は、棒135に連結される。なお、エキスパンダ132は、径の異なるものを容易に交換可能なように、棒135の先端にねじ込み方式等で着脱可能に連結されることが好ましい。
The rear tension load means 13 shown in FIG. 2 includes a taper collet 131, an outer cylinder ring 133, an expander 132, a bar 135, a tube end clamping cylinder 136, and a tube axis tension load hollow cylinder 137. .
The taper collet 131 is formed at the rear end portion of the rectangular cross-section tube 10 so as to be able to press the inner peripheral surface of the rectangular cross-section tube 10 by expanding and contracting in the tube radial direction. The outer cylinder ring 133 is formed so as to be able to contact the outer peripheral surface of the tube at the rear end portion of the rectangular cross-section tube 10 while holding the tapered collet 131. The expander 132 is a member that penetrates the taper collet 131 and the outer cylinder ring 133 and moves in the tube axis direction to expand and contract the taper collet 131 in the tube radial direction. The portion of the expander 132 that is inscribed in the tapered collet 131 has a diameter changed to a taper shape so that the tapered collet 131 can be expanded and contracted in the pipe radial direction. The expander 132 is connected to the bar 135. The expander 132 is preferably detachably connected to the tip of the rod 135 by a screwing method or the like so that ones having different diameters can be easily replaced.

なお、テーパーコレット131は、矩形断面管に対応して、管周方向に、例えば、4分割された割り型131a,131b,131c,131dとしてもよい。この場合、分割された割り型の各々は、エキスパンダ132に沿って管軸方向にすべり可能で、かつ前記エキスパンダ132からの分離を防止可能な構造とすることが好ましい。このような構造としては、アリ溝構造が例示できる。この場合、分割された割り型131a,131b,131c,131dには、突状部または溝が、エキスパンダ132の、分割された割り型がそれぞれ接する面には、割り型131a,131b,131c,131dの突状部または溝と組合せ可能な、溝または突状部を形成することが好ましい。なお、分割された割り型の各々は、矩形断面管10の管内周面を押圧可能で、しかも、分割された割り型の各々のエキスパンダに接する面が、エキスパンダに沿って管軸方向にすべり可能なように、エキスパンダのテーパーと同じテーパーに形成されることは言うまでもない。また、分割された割り型131a,131b,131c,131dには、さらに後方張力負荷方向側の一端にフランジ131aa,131ba,131ca,131daを有する構造とすることが好ましい。分割されたテーパーコレット131の一例を、アリ溝構造を有する場合について、エキスパンダ132と組み合わせた状態で図3に示す。   Note that the taper collet 131 may be divided into, for example, four split molds 131a, 131b, 131c, and 131d in the pipe circumferential direction corresponding to the rectangular cross-section pipe. In this case, each of the divided split molds preferably has a structure that can slide in the tube axis direction along the expander 132 and can prevent separation from the expander 132. An example of such a structure is a dovetail structure. In this case, the split molds 131a, 131b, 131c, and 131d have protrusions or grooves, and the surfaces of the expander 132 that are in contact with the split molds are split molds 131a, 131b, 131c, It is preferable to form a groove or protrusion that can be combined with the protrusion or groove of 131d. Each of the divided split molds can press the pipe inner peripheral surface of the rectangular cross-section tube 10, and the surface in contact with each expander of the divided split molds extends along the expander in the tube axis direction. Needless to say, the taper is formed to have the same taper as the expander so that it can slide. The divided split molds 131a, 131b, 131c, and 131d preferably have a structure having flanges 131aa, 131ba, 131ca, and 131da at one end on the rear tension load direction side. An example of the divided tapered collet 131 is shown in FIG. 3 in a state where it has a dovetail structure and is combined with the expander 132.

また、テーパーコレット131を、例えば、4分割された割り型131a,131b,131c,131dとした場合には、外筒リング133は、内側部材133aと外側部材133bとからなる分割可能な構成とすることが好ましい。内側部材133aと外側部材133bとで、テーパーコレット131のフランジ131aa、131ba,131ca,131da を抑え、テーパーコレット131の管軸方向の移動を抑制する。なお、内側部材133aと外側部材133bとによるフランジの抑えは、分割された割り型131a,131b,131c,131dの管半径方向の移動を拘束しない程度に調整するものとする。なお、内側部材133aと外側部材133bとは、張力負荷時に分離しないように拘束板(図示せず)等により一体化しておくことは言うまでもない。   Further, when the taper collet 131 is, for example, a split mold 131a, 131b, 131c, 131d divided into four parts, the outer cylinder ring 133 is configured to be divided into an inner member 133a and an outer member 133b. It is preferable. The inner member 133a and the outer member 133b suppress the flanges 131aa, 131ba, 131ca, and 131da of the tapered collet 131 and suppress the movement of the tapered collet 131 in the tube axis direction. Note that the flange suppression by the inner member 133a and the outer member 133b is adjusted so as not to restrain the movement of the divided split dies 131a, 131b, 131c, and 131d in the tube radial direction. Needless to say, the inner member 133a and the outer member 133b are integrated by a restraining plate (not shown) or the like so as not to be separated when a tension is applied.

テーパーコレット131を、上記したように4分割された割り型131a,131b,131c,131dとし、それに対応して外筒リング133を、内側部材133aと外側部材133bとからなる分割した構成とした場合の、テーパーコレット131と、エキスパンダ132と、外筒リング133とによる矩形断面管10の後端部における把持状態を図4に示す。
管端クランプ用シリンダ136は、そのピストン136Aが棒135の後端と連結して、ピストン136Aの往復運動を棒135の先端に連結されたエキスパンダ132に伝達し、エキスパンダ132を管軸方向に移動(前進または後退)させる。なお、ピストン136Aは、ポンプ139および方向制御弁138で駆動されることは言うまでもない。
When the taper collet 131 is divided into four split molds 131a, 131b, 131c, and 131d as described above, and the outer cylinder ring 133 is configured to be divided into the inner member 133a and the outer member 133b correspondingly. FIG. 4 shows a gripping state at the rear end portion of the rectangular cross-section tube 10 by the taper collet 131, the expander 132, and the outer cylinder ring 133.
The pipe end clamping cylinder 136 has its piston 136A connected to the rear end of the rod 135, and transmits the reciprocating motion of the piston 136A to the expander 132 connected to the tip of the rod 135. Move to (forward or backward). Needless to say, the piston 136A is driven by the pump 139 and the direction control valve 138.

管軸張力負荷中空シリンダ137は、その中空のピストン137Aの中空部に棒135を貫通させ、ピストン137Aの前端がガイド筒134を介して外筒リング133と連結し、ピストン137Aの後端がガイド筒134Aを介して管端クランプ用シリンダ136と連結して、ピストン137Aの往復運動を外筒リング133および管端クランプ用シリンダ136に伝達し、外筒リング、管端クランプ用シリンダさらにはエキスパンダを、同時一斉に管軸方向に移動(前進または後退)させる。   The tube-tension load hollow cylinder 137 has a rod 135 passing through the hollow portion of the hollow piston 137A, the front end of the piston 137A is connected to the outer cylinder ring 133 via the guide cylinder 134, and the rear end of the piston 137A is the guide Connected to the tube end clamping cylinder 136 via the tube 134A, the reciprocating motion of the piston 137A is transmitted to the outer tube ring 133 and the tube end clamping cylinder 136, and the outer tube ring, the tube end clamping cylinder and the expander are transmitted. Are simultaneously moved (forward or backward) in the direction of the tube axis.

上記した構成の後方張力負荷手段とすることにより、矩形断面管の後端部を予加工することなく、矩形断面管の後端部でテーパーコレット131と外筒リングとで管壁を強く挟圧し、矩形断面管の後端部における強固把持状態を後方張力負荷時でも維持でき、後方張力負荷時の矩形断面管の係止が十分となり、所望の後方張力負荷を行うことができる。
つぎに、図1に示す本発明の曲げ加工装置を用いた曲げ加工方法について説明する。
By using the rear tension load means having the above-described configuration, the tube wall is strongly clamped by the tapered collet 131 and the outer cylindrical ring at the rear end portion of the rectangular cross-section tube without pre-processing the rear end portion of the rectangular cross-section tube. The firm gripping state at the rear end portion of the rectangular cross-section tube can be maintained even when the rear tension load is applied, and the rectangular cross-section tube is sufficiently locked when the rear tension load is applied, so that a desired rear tension load can be performed.
Next, a bending method using the bending apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 will be described.

曲げ型1と押し型3の間の所定の位置に矩形断面管10を配置し、曲げ型1と押し型3で矩形断面管10を挟持し、クランプ2で矩形断面管10の先端を曲げ型1の外周の所定位置に固定する。そして、押し型3を矩形断面管10のウェブ幅部に押付けるために、押し型加圧手段4の圧下動作を設定する。また、可動部1Bを矩形断面管のウェブ高さ部に押付けるために、可動部加圧手段6の駆動動作を設定する。また、同時に矩形断面管10に後方張力を負荷するために、後方張力負荷手段の駆動動作を設定する。そして、軸5を軸駆動手段(図示せず)により回転させ、矩形断面管10のウェブ幅部、ウェブ高さ部を押付けながら、さらに後方張力を負荷しながら、回転引き曲げ加工を行う。   The rectangular cross-section tube 10 is arranged at a predetermined position between the bending die 1 and the pressing die 3, the rectangular cross-section tube 10 is sandwiched between the bending die 1 and the pressing die 3, and the tip of the rectangular cross-section tube 10 is bent by the clamp 2. 1 is fixed at a predetermined position on the outer periphery. Then, in order to press the pressing die 3 against the web width portion of the rectangular cross-section tube 10, the pressing operation of the pressing die pressurizing means 4 is set. Further, in order to press the movable portion 1B against the web height portion of the rectangular cross-section tube, the driving operation of the movable portion pressurizing means 6 is set. At the same time, in order to apply a rear tension to the rectangular cross-section tube 10, a driving operation of the rear tension load means is set. Then, the shaft 5 is rotated by a shaft drive means (not shown), and the rotary bending process is performed while pressing the web width portion and the web height portion of the rectangular cross-section tube 10 and further applying a rear tension.

また、図2に示す後方張力負荷手段の使用手順を、図5を用いて説明する。
曲げ型1と押し型3の間の所定の位置に矩形断面管10を配置し、曲げ型1と押し型3で矩形断面管10を挟持し、クランプ2で矩形断面管10の先端を曲げ型1に固定したのち、管端クランプ用シリンダ136を押出しモードで動作させてエキスパンダ132を管軸方向に前進移動させ、テーパコレット131の縮径を促して、テーパコレット131と外筒リング133との間に矩形断面管10の後端部の管肉を収容可能な管肉収容隙を形成させる(図5(a))。
Moreover, the usage procedure of the back tension load means shown in FIG. 2 is demonstrated using FIG.
The rectangular cross-section tube 10 is arranged at a predetermined position between the bending die 1 and the pressing die 3, the rectangular cross-section tube 10 is sandwiched between the bending die 1 and the pressing die 3, and the tip of the rectangular cross-section tube 10 is bent by the clamp 2. After fixing to 1, the tube end clamping cylinder 136 is operated in the extrusion mode, the expander 132 is moved forward in the tube axis direction, the diameter of the taper collet 131 is urged, the taper collet 131 and the outer cylinder ring 133 are In the meantime, a tube-thickness accommodating space capable of accommodating the thickness of the rear end portion of the rectangular cross-section tube 10 is formed (FIG. 5A).

ついで、管軸張力負荷中空シリンダ137を押出しモードで動作させ外筒リング133、テーパコレット131、エキスパンダ132を同時一斉に管軸方向に前進移動させ、形成された管肉収容隙に矩形断面管10の管肉を収容する(図5(b))。
ついで、管端クランプ用シリンダ136を引込みモードで動作させてエキスパンダ132を管軸方向に後退移動させ、テーパコレット131を拡径させて外筒リング133と協働して管肉収容隙内の管肉を挟圧する。これにより矩形断面管10の後端部を強固に把持する(図5(c))。
Next, the hollow cylinder 137 loaded with the tube axis tension is operated in the extrusion mode, and the outer cylinder ring 133, the taper collet 131, and the expander 132 are simultaneously moved forward in the direction of the tube axis. 10 tube meats are accommodated (FIG. 5B).
Next, the tube end clamping cylinder 136 is operated in the retract mode, the expander 132 is moved backward in the tube axis direction, the diameter of the taper collet 131 is expanded, and the inner tube ring 133 cooperates with the outer tube ring 133 to increase the diameter. Squeeze the tube meat. As a result, the rear end portion of the rectangular cross-section tube 10 is firmly gripped (FIG. 5C).

ついで、曲げ型1を軸5の周りに回転させつつ、押し型加圧手段4で押し型3を矩形断面管10のウェブ幅部に押し付けると同時に、管端クランプ用シリンダ136および管軸張力負荷中空シリンダ137を引込みモードで動作させて、矩形断面管10の後端部の把持状態を維持しつつ、矩形断面管10に管軸張力を負荷させる(図5(d))。
なお、加工完了後は、管端クランプ用シリンダ136を押出しモードで動作させて、エキスパンダ132を前進移動させ、テーパコレット131の縮径を促して矩形断面管10の後端部の管肉の挟圧を解除する。その後、管軸張力負荷中空シリンダ137を引込みモードで動作させて、外筒リング、テーパコレット、エキスパンダを同時一斉に管軸方向に後退移動させ、矩形断面管後端部から離間させる。
Next, while the bending die 1 is rotated around the shaft 5, the pushing die 3 is pressed against the web width portion of the rectangular cross section tube 10 by the pushing die pressurizing means 4, and at the same time, the tube end clamping cylinder 136 and the tube shaft tension load are pressed. The hollow cylinder 137 is operated in the pull-in mode, and the axial tension is applied to the rectangular cross-section tube 10 while maintaining the gripping state of the rear end portion of the rectangular cross-section tube 10 (FIG. 5D).
After the processing is completed, the tube end clamping cylinder 136 is operated in the extrusion mode, the expander 132 is moved forward, the diameter of the taper collet 131 is urged to reduce the tube end of the rectangular cross section tube 10 Release the pinching pressure. After that, the tube shaft tension load hollow cylinder 137 is operated in the retract mode, and the outer cylinder ring, the taper collet, and the expander are simultaneously moved backward in the tube axis direction and separated from the rear end portion of the rectangular section tube.

図2に示す後方張力負荷手段を用いることにより、矩形断面管の後端部へ、後方張力負荷手段13の掴み具による係止のための予加工(穴あけ、つぶし、ねじ加工等)を施す必要がなくなり、予加工を施すことなく張力負荷が可能となり、曲げ加工の生産性が顕著に向上する。
本発明の曲げ加工装置を用いて矩形断面の回転引き曲げ加工を行うことにより、図7に示すような曲げ加工部の断面形状の台形化等のゆがみや、また、曲げ加工部外側の割れ、さらには減肉を有効に抑制でき、高い寸法精度で矩形断面管の回転引き曲げ加工が可能となる。
By using the rear tension load means shown in FIG. 2, it is necessary to perform preprocessing (drilling, crushing, screwing, etc.) for locking the rear tension load means 13 with the gripping tool at the rear end of the rectangular cross-section pipe. Therefore, tension can be applied without pre-processing, and the productivity of bending is significantly improved.
By performing the rotational pull bending process of the rectangular cross section using the bending apparatus of the present invention, distortion such as trapezoidal cross-sectional shape of the bent part as shown in FIG. 7 , cracks outside the bent part, Further, the thinning can be effectively suppressed, and the rotational drawing and bending of the rectangular cross-section tube can be performed with high dimensional accuracy.

矩形断面管の断面寸法や材質、さらには曲げ加工の程度によっては、従来の装置を用いて回転引き曲げ加工を行っても上記したような不具合は発生しない場合があるが、しかし、上記したような不具合を確実に抑制するためには、本発明の曲げ加工装置を用いて、ウェブ幅および/またはウェブ高さの縮小(圧下)を加え、さらに後方張力を負荷することが重要となる。なお、ウェブ幅圧下比、ウェブ高さ圧下比を、それぞれ1.0未満、より好ましくは0.98以下とすることが好ましい。一方、ウェブ幅圧下比、ウェブ高さ圧下比を、それぞれ0.85未満とすると、ウェブの座屈が発生する。このため、ウェブ幅圧下比、ウェブ高さ圧下比は0.85以上とすることが好ましい。なお、より好ましくは0.90以上である。ここで、ウェブ幅圧下比は、曲げ加工後のウェブ幅Wと曲げ加工前のウェブ幅Wとの比、W/Wで定義され、また、ウェブ高さ圧下比は、曲げ加工後のウェブ高さHと、曲げ加工前のウェブ高さHとの比、H/Hで定義される。また、管軸方向張力比は0.01〜0.1の範囲とすることが望ましい。なお、管軸方向張力比は、(管軸引張荷重)/{(素管断面積)×(素管降伏強さ)}で定義される。 Depending on the cross-sectional dimensions and materials of the rectangular cross-section tube, and the degree of bending, the above-mentioned problems may not occur even if the rotary pulling is performed using a conventional device. However, as described above, In order to surely suppress such problems, it is important to apply a reduction in web width and / or web height (rolling down) and further apply a rear tension using the bending apparatus of the present invention. The web width reduction ratio and the web height reduction ratio are each preferably less than 1.0, more preferably 0.98 or less. On the other hand, if the web width reduction ratio and the web height reduction ratio are each less than 0.85, web buckling occurs. For this reason, the web width reduction ratio and the web height reduction ratio are preferably 0.85 or more. In addition, More preferably, it is 0.90 or more. Here, the web width reduction ratio is defined by the ratio W 1 / W 0 of the web width W 1 after bending and the web width W 0 before bending, and the web height reduction ratio is bending. It is defined by the ratio H 1 / H 0 between the subsequent web height H 1 and the web height H 0 before bending. The tension ratio in the tube axis direction is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.1. The tube axis direction tension ratio is defined by (tube axis tensile load) / {(element tube cross-sectional area) × (element tube yield strength)}.

サイズ:25mmH×50mmW×2.3mmtの矩形断面管(鋼種:STKM13B)を、図1に示す本発明の曲げ加工装置を用いて、表1に示す条件で回転引き曲げ加工を行った。曲げ加工後、得られた曲げ加工管について、曲げ加工部外側における、減肉の発生の有無、割れの発生の有無を調査し、また曲げ内側のしわの発生の有無を調査し、さらに曲げ加工部の断面形状のゆがみを調査した。なお、曲げ半径比R/Hは、H=Hとして算出した。
得られた結果を、表1に示す。
A rectangular cross-section tube (steel type: STKM13B) having a size of 25 mmH 0 × 50 mmW 0 × 2.3 mmt was subjected to rotational pull bending under the conditions shown in Table 1 using the bending apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. After bending, the resulting bent tube is examined for the occurrence of thinning and cracking on the outside of the bent portion, and for the occurrence of wrinkles inside the bend. The distortion of the cross-sectional shape of the part was investigated. Incidentally, the bending radius ratio R / H was calculated as H = H 0.
The obtained results are shown in Table 1.

Figure 0005205598
Figure 0005205598

本発明の曲げ加工装置を使用して、回転引き曲げ加工を施すことにより、曲げ外側の減肉、割れ、曲げ内側のしわ、さらには曲げ加工部断面形状のゆがみ等が抑制され、高寸法精度の矩形断面管を製造することができている。   By using the bending apparatus of the present invention to perform rotary pull bending, thinning of the outer side of the bend, cracking, wrinkle of the inner side of the bend, and distortion of the cross-sectional shape of the bent part are suppressed, resulting in high dimensional accuracy. The rectangular cross-section tube can be manufactured.

本発明の曲げ加工装置の一例の概略を模式的に示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the outline of an example of the bending apparatus of this invention. 本発明の曲げ加工装置の後方張力負荷手段の一例の概略を模式的に示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the outline of an example of the back tension load means of the bending apparatus of this invention. 本発明の曲げ加工装置の後方張力負荷手段における、分割されたテーパーコレットの一例を模式的に示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows typically an example of the divided | segmented taper collet in the back tension load means of the bending apparatus of this invention. テーパーコレットと、エキスパンダと、外筒リングとによる矩形断面管の後端部における把持状態を模式的に示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows typically the holding state in the rear-end part of the rectangular cross-section pipe | tube by a taper collet, an expander, and an outer cylinder ring. 本発明の曲げ加工装置の後方張力負荷手段の使用手順の概略を模式的に示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the outline of the use procedure of the back tension load means of the bending apparatus of this invention. 矩形断面管の諸寸法の定義を模式的に示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the definition of the various dimensions of a rectangular cross-section pipe. 矩形断面管の曲げ加工部に生じる断面形状の不具合状況を模式的に示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the malfunction condition of the cross-sectional shape which arises in the bending process part of a rectangular cross-section pipe.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 曲げ型
1A 固定部
1B 可動部
2 クランプ
3 押し型
4 押し型加圧手段
5 軸
6 可動部加圧手段(中空油圧シリンダ)
6A 拡縮
7、8 矢示方向
10 矩形断面管
11、12 矢示方向
13 後方張力負荷手段
15 ウェブ高さ部
16 ウェブ幅部
131 テーパーコレット
132 エキスパンダ
133 外筒リング
134、134A ガイド筒
135 棒
136 管端クランプ用シリンダ
136A ピストン
137 管軸張力負荷中空シリンダ
137A ピストン
138 方向制御弁
139 ポンプ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bending type | mold 1A Fixed part 1B Movable part 2 Clamp 3 Push type 4 Push type pressurizing means 5 Axis 6 Movable part pressurizing means (hollow hydraulic cylinder)
6A Enlarging / reducing 7, 8 Arrow direction 10 Rectangular cross-section tube 11, 12 Arrow direction 13 Back tension load means 15 Web height part 16 Web width part
131 Taper collet
132 Expander
133 outer ring
134, 134A Guide tube
135 bars
136 Pipe end clamping cylinder
136A piston
137 Pipe shaft tension load hollow cylinder
137A piston
138 Directional control valve
139 pump

Claims (3)

矩形断面管を所望の曲げ形状に曲げ加工する曲げ加工装置であって、前記曲げ形状に対応した外周形状を有し回転可能に配設された曲げ型と、該曲げ型の外周に前記矩形断面管の先端を固定可能に配設されたクランプと、前記曲げ型と協働し前記矩形断面管を挟持し、加工前の該矩形断面管の管軸方向に移動可能に配設された押し型と、該押し型を前記矩形断面管のウェブ幅部に0.85以上1.0未満のウェブ幅圧下比で押し付け可能に配設された押し型加圧手段と、前記矩形断面管の後端側に配設され該矩形断面管に0.01〜0.1の管軸方向張力比で張力を負荷する後方張力負荷手段とを有し、前記曲げ型が、固定部と可動部に分割可能に構成され、かつ該可動部が前記矩形断面管のウェブ高さ部に0.85以上1.0未満のウェブ高さ圧下比で押し付け可能な可動部加圧手段を備えたことを特徴とする矩形断面管の曲げ加工装置。 A bending apparatus for bending a rectangular cross-section tube into a desired bending shape, the bending die having an outer peripheral shape corresponding to the bending shape and rotatably arranged, and the rectangular cross-section on the outer periphery of the bending die A clamp that can be fixed at the tip of the tube, and a pressing die that can be moved in the tube axis direction of the rectangular cross-section tube before processing, sandwiching the rectangular cross-section tube in cooperation with the bending die And a pressing die pressurizing means arranged to be able to press the pressing die against the web width portion of the rectangular cross-section tube at a web width reduction ratio of 0.85 or more and less than 1.0, and disposed on the rear end side of the rectangular cross-section tube And a rear tension load means for applying tension to the rectangular cross-section tube at a tension ratio of 0.01 to 0.1 in the axial direction of the tube , and the bending die is configured to be separable into a fixed portion and a movable portion, and the movable portion Yes There can be pressed against the web height reduction ratio of less than 0.85 to 1.0 to the web height of the rectangular section tube Bending apparatus a rectangular section tube, comprising the parts pressing means. 前記後方張力負荷手段が、前記矩形断面管の後端部の管半径方向に拡縮して該矩形断面管の後端部の管内周面を押圧可能なテーパーコレットと、該テーパーコレットを抱持して前記矩形断面管の後端部の管外周面に接触可能な外筒リングと、該外筒リングと前記テーパーコレットを貫通し前記管軸方向に移動して前記テーパーコレットを前記管半径方向に拡縮させるエキスパンダと、該エキスパンダに連結した棒を前記管軸方向に移動させる管端クランプ用シリンダと、前記棒を貫通させ前記管端クランプ用シリンダおよび前記外筒リングに連結してこれらを前記管軸方向に移動させる管軸張力負荷中空シリンダとを備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の曲げ加工装置。   The rear tension load means includes a tapered collet that can expand and contract in the radial direction of the rear end portion of the rectangular cross-section tube and press the inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the rectangular cross-section tube, and the tapered collet. An outer cylindrical ring that can come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tube at the rear end of the rectangular cross-section tube, and passes through the outer cylindrical ring and the tapered collet and moves in the tube axial direction so that the tapered collet moves in the radial direction of the tube. An expander that expands and contracts, a tube end clamping cylinder that moves a rod connected to the expander in the direction of the tube axis, and a rod that passes through the rod and is connected to the tube end clamping cylinder and the outer cylinder ring to connect them. The bending apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a tube axis tension load hollow cylinder that moves in the tube axis direction. 前記テーパーコレットが、管周方向に複数に分割された割り型であり、該分割された割り型の各々が前記エキスパンダに沿って管軸方向にすべり可能で、かつ前記エキスパンダからの分離を防止可能に構成され、さらに後方張力負荷方向側の一端にフランジを有する構造を有し、前記外筒リングが、分割可能な内側部材と外側部材とからなり、該内側部材と該外側部材とにより前記テーパーコレットのフランジを抑え前記テーパーコレットの管軸方向の移動を抑制する構造を有することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の曲げ加工装置。   The tapered collet is a split mold divided into a plurality of pipe circumferential directions, each of the split split molds can slide in the pipe axis direction along the expander, and can be separated from the expander. The outer ring is composed of an inner member and an outer member that can be divided, and has a structure having a flange at one end on the rear tension load direction side. The bending apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a structure that suppresses a flange of the taper collet and suppresses movement of the taper collet in a tube axis direction.
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