JP5189932B2 - Variable baffle tray - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a baffle tray used for a plate tower such as a distillation tower, a moromi tower, and an absorption tower.

  Examples of trays provided in each stage of a tower column such as a distillation tower, a moromi tower, and an absorption tower include a sieve tray, a lift tray, a baffle tray, and the like.

  The sheave tray is composed of a perforated plate in which a plurality of holes are formed, and has a simple shape, so that it is widely used industrially. Various improvements have been made to the sheave tray.

  For example, Patent Document 1 describes improving the distillation efficiency by applying an impact or vibration to the sieve tray. Patent Document 2 describes a sheave tray that includes a fixed perforated plate and a movable perforated plate that can be moved by an external force. The sieve tray of Patent Document 2 can adjust the area of the holes of the perforated plate (opening ratio) to appropriately adjust the solvent vapor and liquid reflux amount, pressure, etc., and distillation is performed with high energy efficiency. Energy saving is possible.

  On the other hand, the lift tray consists of two perforated plates, a fixed perforated plate and a movable perforated plate, and the movable perforated plate is basically fixed depending on the flow of vapor or liquid inside the plate tower. It is configured to float on the perforated plate. For example, the lift tray described in Patent Document 3 is configured so that the movable porous plate can be moved by an external force, not depending on only the flow of vapor or liquid, rather than the movable porous plate floating.

  As described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, the movable tray is generally referred to as a change tray, and can adjust the aperture ratio, so that distillation is performed with high energy efficiency and energy saving is possible. .

  By the way, the sieve tray and lift tray formed of a perforated plate can exhibit effects such as distillation performed with high energy efficiency as described above when a liquid-only raw material is distilled. However, when distilling a slurry mixed with a solid substance, a fibrous substance, or the like, the following problems may occur when a sieve tray and a lift tray constituted by a perforated plate are used.

  In recent years, research on recovering ethanol (bioethanol) from fermented material obtained by pulverizing and fermenting corn, rice straw, and the like has been underway. Such fermented products include raw leather, unfermented corn, unfermented rice straw, fermentation residues such as fibrous substances, and solid impurities such as yeast. When such a fermented product is heated to recover ethanol by using a distillation tower equipped with a sieve tray, a lift tray or the like composed of a perforated plate, the solids of the contaminant in the fermented product are scattered or heated. There is a risk that it will adhere to the tray due to the conversion, etc., covering the holes formed in the tray or clogging. Once the contaminants or solids adhere to the holes or become clogged, the foreign matter further adheres and grows, and the deposits accumulate on the tray, or the fixed perforated plate and the movable perforated plate (That is, clogging occurs in the distillation column).

  Thus, when clogging occurs in the distillation column, the distillation column becomes inoperable and must be stopped and washed. Therefore, when distilling slurries mixed with solids, fibrous substances, and other contaminants, the use of sieve trays and lift trays composed of perforated plates is more efficient than the effects of these trays. Becomes worse.

  Then, a baffle tray is mentioned as a tray which is hard to produce clogging in plate towers, such as a distillation tower. As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the baffle tray has, for example, non-porous plates (non-porous plates 12a and 12b) on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical plate tower 11 and the central portion of the plate tower 11. It is the tray comprised by the step shape alternately. The non-perforated plate 12b disposed at the center of the shelf tower 11 is fixed by a column 13 or the like. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1B, for example, there is a baffle tray in which semicircular non-perforated plates 12 a are alternately formed on the inner wall surface of the shelf tower 11.

  The baffle tray is not a perforated plate like a sieve tray, but a non-porous plate is used. For example, a slurry mixed with impurities such as solids and fibrous substances, etc. Even if it is used for distillation, it is difficult to cause clogging in the distillation column. However, baffle trays are less efficient for distillation or fractionation than sieve trays and lift trays, and the number of trays must be multistage compared to sieve trays, etc., and the tower column must be very high. There's a problem.

Therefore, there is a demand for a tray that can be efficiently distilled or fractionated even in a slurry in which solid impurities such as solid substances and fibrous substances are mixed.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-115701 JP 2005-131586 A JP-A-5-115702

  In the present invention, even when a slurry in which solid impurities such as solid substances and fibrous substances are mixed is subjected to distillation, the slurry can be efficiently processed and the apparatus can be operated stably. An object is to provide a baffle tray.

  The present invention provides a baffle tray, and the baffle tray is composed of a first non-perforated plate and a second non-perforated plate arranged inside a tray tower, and the first non-perforated plate and the second non-perforated plate. Each of the two non-perforated plates is disposed on the inner wall surface of the plate tower and is alternately arranged to form a step structure, or the first non-perforated plate is disposed inside the plate tower. Disposed on the wall, the second non-perforated plate is disposed in the center of the shelf tower, and at least one of the first non-perforated plate and the second non-perforated plate It is configured to move up and down in the vertical direction of the tower. That is, the baffle tray of the present invention is a variable baffle tray.

  In one embodiment, the first non-perforated plate or the second non-perforated plate is configured such that the non-perforated plate can be moved up and down independently.

  In one embodiment, the first non-perforated plate is fixed, and the second non-perforated plate is configured to move up and down.

  Furthermore, this invention provides a plate tower provided with the said baffle tray.

  In one embodiment, the plate tower is a distillation tower, a Moromi tower, or an absorption tower.

  According to the present invention, even when a slurry in which solid impurities such as a solid substance and a fibrous substance are mixed is subjected to a purification treatment such as distillation, the slurry can be efficiently treated and stabilized. Can operate the device.

  The baffle tray of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the baffle tray of the present invention. The baffle tray illustrated in FIG. 2 includes a first non-perforated plate 22 a disposed on the inner wall surface of the shelf tower 21 and a second non-perforated plate 22 b disposed at the center of the shelf tower 21.

  The shape of the first non-perforated plate 22a can be appropriately set in accordance with the shape and size of the shelf tower to be installed, and the central portion of the first non-perforated plate 22a has a hollow shape. doing. The punched shape is not particularly limited, such as a circle or a polygon (for example, a triangle or a quadrangle). The shape of the second non-perforated plate 22b is also not particularly limited, and may be the same as or different from the shape of the first non-perforated plate 22a pierced through the center, and is preferably the same. The first non-perforated plate 22a and the second non-perforated plate 22b are fitted together, or the second non-perforated plate 22b covers the shape of the first non-perforated plate 22a, or It is configured to create a gap slightly smaller than the shape that has been punched.

  FIG. 2A is a schematic view showing a state in which the second non-porous plate 22b is arranged on the same plane as the first non-porous plate 22a, and FIG. 2B is a second non-porous plate. It is the schematic which shows the state which raised the board 22b.

  The first non-porous plate 22 a is fixed to the inner wall surface of the shelf tower 21. On the other hand, the second non-perforated plate 22 b is connected to the column 23 at the center of the shelf tower 21. The front end of the column 23 is connected to one end of the lever rod 24. The other end of the insulator rod 24 protrudes outside the shelf tower 21. By operating this lever rod 24, the second non-perforated plate 22b can be raised and lowered.

  The maximum value of the step (ΔH) between the first non-porous plate 22a and the second non-porous plate 22b is the inner diameter of the plate tower 21, the height of the plate tower 21, the number of baffle trays installed, It can be set as appropriate depending on the size of the second non-perforated plate 22b. Preferably, the step (ΔH) can be at most half the shelf spacing, more preferably at most about 20 cm.

  The baffle tray of FIG. 2 can move the second non-perforated plate 22b up and down by operating the lever rod 24, but the elevating means of the second non-perforated plate 22b is not limited to this means. For example, it may be a means that is equipped with an actuator and can be moved up and down by electrical control, is equipped with a sensor and the like, and data such as pressure and temperature in the shelf tower 21 is programmed in advance and automatically It may be a means that can be moved up and down.

  As described above, the baffle tray shown in FIG. 2 has the first non-perforated plate 22 a fixed to the inner wall surface of the shelf tower 21 and the second non-perforated plate 22 b arranged at the center of the shelf tower 21. It has a structure that can move up and down. However, the baffle tray of the present invention may have a structure in which the second non-perforated plate 22b is fixed, and the first non-perforated plate 22a disposed on the inner wall surface of the shelf tower 21 can move up and down. The structure which can raise / lower both the 1 non-porous board 22a and the 2nd non-porous board 22b may be sufficient.

  When it is set as the structure which can raise / lower the 1st non-perforated board 22a arrange | positioned at the inner wall face of the plate tower 21, the raising / lowering mechanism becomes complicated. Accordingly, the first non-perforated plate 22a is fixed to the inner wall surface of the shelf tower 21 and the second non-perforated plate 22b disposed at the center of the shelf tower 21 is provided so that it can be moved up and down with a simple mechanism. It is preferable to have a structure that can move up and down.

  Furthermore, the shape of the second non-perforated plate may not be a flat plate. For example, a curved non-perforated plate may be used like the second non-perforated plate 32b constituting the baffle tray shown in FIG. When the curved second non-perforated plate 32b is used as in the baffle tray of FIG. 3, the strength of the baffle tray is increased as compared with the case of a flat plate. Therefore, even if it is a large-sized tray tower, the stable intensity | strength can be ensured.

  FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the baffle tray of the present invention. In the baffle tray of FIG. 4, the first non-perforated plate 42 a and the second non-perforated plate 42 b are both arranged on the inner wall surface of the shelf tower 41 and alternately arranged in a step structure. Yes.

  The first non-perforated plate 42 a is fixed to the inner wall surface of the shelf tower 41. On the other hand, the second non-perforated plate 42 b is not fixed to the inner wall surface of the shelf tower 41 and is connected to the column 43, and can slide along the inner wall surface of the shelf tower 41 in the vertical direction. Is arranged. The tip end of the column 43 is connected to one end of the lever rod 44. The other end of the insulator rod 44 protrudes outside the shelf tower 41. By operating this lever rod 44, the second non-perforated plate 42b can be moved up and down.

  FIG. 5 shows still another embodiment of the baffle tray of the present invention. The baffle tray of FIG. 2 is an embodiment having a structure in which all the second non-perforated plates 22 b are connected to one column 23, whereas the baffle tray of FIG. 5 has a plurality of columns 53. Each strut 53 has a structure in which one second non-porous plate 52b is connected. That is, the baffle tray shown in FIG. 5 has a structure in which the second non-perforated plate 52b can be moved up and down independently (that is, for each second non-perforated plate 52b).

  By having such a structure, more precise pressure adjustment is possible. For example, as shown in FIG. 5A, in the upper and lower spaces partitioned by the uppermost baffle tray of the plate tower 51, when the pressure difference ΔP1 becomes abnormally large, By raising only the second non-perforated plate 52b constituting the baffle tray, the pressure can be adjusted by adjusting the flow rate of the vapor or liquid only in the portion where the pressure difference ΔP1 becomes abnormally large (FIG. 5B). )). For this reason, the flow rate of the vapor or liquid in other parts such as the bottom of the plate column 51 hardly changes, so that purification treatment such as distillation and fractional distillation can be performed more efficiently.

  The baffle tray shown in FIG. 5 has a structure in which each second non-perforated plate 52b can be raised and lowered by operating the lever bars 54a to 54c. As described above, the second non-perforated plate 52b is raised and lowered. May be performed by electrical control or automatically by programming control.

  Further, the second non-perforated plate 52b is fixed, and the first non-perforated plate 52a disposed on the inner wall surface of the shelf tower 51 is connected to the first non-perforated plate 52a on the inner wall surface of the shelf tower 51. You may have the structure which can be raised / lowered along, or may have the structure which each 1st non-perforated plate 52a and each 2nd non-perforated plate 52b can raise / lower.

  The baffle tray of FIG. 5 has a structure in which each second non-perforated plate 52b can be moved up and down independently. For example, a desired number (for example, 2 to 4) of second plates can be used. The structure which can raise / lower the non-perforated plate 52b together may be sufficient.

  Next, an embodiment when the baffle tray of the present invention is used in an internal heat exchange distillation column (HIDiC) will be described.

  The internal heat exchange distillation column 61 shown in FIG. 6 has a double cylindrical structure, and uses the baffle tray of the present invention as the tray of the outer cylinder 66. That is, the first non-perforated plate 62 a is fixed to the inner wall surface of the outer cylinder 66, and the second non-perforated plate 62 b is connected to the column 63, and the central portion of the outer cylinder 66 (the outer wall surface of the inner cylinder 67 ) Is slidable in the vertical direction along the outer wall surface of the inner cylinder 67. The tip of the column 63 is connected to one end of the lever rod 64. The other end of the insulator rod 64 protrudes outside the shelf tower 61. By operating the lever rod 64, the second non-hole plate 62 b can be lifted and lowered along the outer wall surface of the inner cylinder 67.

  When the baffle tray of the present invention is used for the internal heat exchange distillation column 61 as shown in FIG. 6, the second non-perforated plate 62b slides on the outer wall surface of the inner cylinder 67 in the vertical direction. It is also possible to remove solid matter and the like adhering to the outer wall surface 67, and distillation can be performed without lowering the thermal efficiency.

  Thus, the baffle tray of the present invention is a variable baffle tray, and the flow rate of vapor or liquid is adjusted by adjusting the step (gap) between the first non-porous plate and the second non-porous plate. The pressure can be adjusted by adjusting. Therefore, the baffle tray of the present invention makes it possible to efficiently perform a purification process such as distillation while taking advantage of the feature that the baffle tray does not easily cause clogging. The variable baffle tray of the present invention is provided in a plate tower such as a distillation tower, a moromi tower, or an absorption tower.

Example 1
Using the experimental apparatus capable of measuring the pressure loss shown in FIG. 7, the operating condition in the water-air system of the plate tower using the variable baffle tray of the present invention was confirmed.

  First, a gas blower 115, a liquid circulation pump 116, a pressure loss measurement manometer 117, a liquid flow meter 118, and a gas velocity meter 119 were connected to the plate tower 111 as shown in FIG. The shelf tower 111 has a cylindrical shape with an inner diameter of 200 mm, and includes one stage of the baffle tray of the present invention including the first non-perforated plate 112a and the second non-perforated plate 112b. The second non-perforated plate 112b has a circular shape with a diameter of 100 mm (that is, the first non-perforated plate 112a has a central portion penetrated into a circular shape with a diameter of 100 mm) and is connected to the support column 113 and the lever rod 114. It can be moved up and down.

Subsequently, air was sent into the plate tower 111 using the gas blower 115, and water was circulated in the direction of the arrow in FIG. Water was circulated at a rate of 200 L / min / m ² .

  FIG. 8 shows the pressure loss when the air amount (wind speed) is changed when the interval between the first non-porous plate 112a and the second non-porous plate 112b is a constant interval between 4 mm and 10 mm. . Further, FIG. 9 shows pressure loss when the distance between the first non-porous plate 112a and the second non-porous plate 112b is changed when the air amount is constant (0.7 m / sec).

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the plate tower 111 can finely control the pressure loss from the outside of the plate tower by controlling the interval between the baffle trays in units of several millimeters. Therefore, even if the pressure inside the plate tower rises due to clogging, etc., a constant pressure loss can be maintained by adjusting the interval between the baffle trays from the outside of the plate tower (widening the space between the trays). Further, a purification treatment such as distillation can be continued.

  According to the present invention, even when a slurry in which solid impurities such as fermentation residues and fibrous substances are mixed is subjected to a purification treatment such as distillation, the slurry can be efficiently treated and stabilized. Can operate the device. Therefore, it is useful for a slurry in which solid impurities such as fermentation residues and fibrous substances are mixed, for example, bioethanol distillation.

It is the schematic which shows a general baffle tray. It is the schematic which shows one embodiment of the baffle tray of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the other embodiment of the baffle tray of this invention. It is the schematic which shows another embodiment of the baffle tray of this invention. FIG. 5B is a schematic view showing still another embodiment of the baffle tray of the present invention, and FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating a first non-perforated plate and a second non-perforated plate of the uppermost baffle tray by raising the second non-perforated plate. It is the schematic which shows the case where the level | step difference (gap) with a non-perforated board is expanded. It is the schematic which shows one embodiment at the time of using the baffle tray of this invention for an internal heat exchange type | mold distillation column. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a baffle tray used in Example 1. FIG. It is a graph which shows a pressure loss when changing the air quantity (wind speed) when the space | interval of a 1st non-perforated plate and a 2nd non-perforated plate is made into a fixed space | interval between 4 mm-10 mm. It is a graph which shows the pressure loss at the time of changing the space | interval of a 1st non-perforated board and a 2nd non-perforated board in case air quantity (wind speed) is constant (0.7 m / sec).

Explanation of symbols

11, 21, 31, 41, 51 Shelf tower 12a, 12b Non-perforated plate 13, 23, 33, 43, 53, 63 Prop 22a, 32a, 42a, 52a, 62a First non-perforated plate 22b, 32b, 42b 52b, 62b Second non-perforated plate 24, 34, 44, 54, 64 Insulator rod 61 Internal heat exchange distillation column 65 Inner cylinder tray 66 Outer cylinder 67 Inner cylinder 111 Shelf tower 112a First non-perforated plate 112b 2nd non-perforated plate 113 support | pillar 114 insulator rod 115 gas blower 116 liquid circulation pump 117 pressure loss measurement manometer 118 liquid flow meter 119 gas velocimeter

Claims (5)

A baffle tray,
A first non-perforated plate and a second non-perforated plate disposed inside the plate tower,
The first non-perforated plate and the second non-perforated plate are both arranged on the inner wall surface of the shelf tower and alternately arranged in a step structure, or the first non-perforated plate A non-perforated plate is disposed on the inner wall surface of the tray tower, the second non-perforated plate is disposed in the center of the shelf tower, and the first non-perforated plate and the second non-perforated plate A baffle tray configured such that at least one of the perforated plates can be moved up and down in the vertical direction of the shelf tower by an external force .   2. The baffle tray according to claim 1, wherein the first non-perforated plate or the second non-perforated plate is configured such that the non-perforated plate can be moved up and down independently.   The baffle tray according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first non-perforated plate is fixed and the second non-perforated plate can be moved up and down.   A tray tower comprising the baffle tray according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The plate tower according to claim 4, which is a distillation tower, a moromi tower, or an absorption tower.

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