JP5176474B2 - Heat pump water heater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water storage type heat pump hot water supply apparatus.

  Conventionally, this type of heat pump hot-water supply apparatus has what is shown in FIG. 2 (for example, refer patent document 1).

  As shown in FIG. 2, this hot water heater includes a hot water storage tank 2 and a heat source by a heat pump 3, and is connected to the heat pump 3 from the lower part of the hot water tank 2 through the boiling pipe 11 and connected from the heat pump 3 to the upper part of the hot water tank 2. doing.

  Further, in the bath heating heat exchanger 19 for heating the hot water in the bathtub 6, the use side is connected to circulate the hot water in the bathtub 13 by the bath circulation pump 27, and the heat source side by the circulation pump 17. Hot water at the upper part of the hot water tank 2 is circulated and circulated to the lower part of the hot water tank 2.

In this way, by operating the bath circulation pump 27 and the circulation pump 17, the hot water on the heat source side and the low temperature water on the use side exchange heat in the bath heating heat exchanger 19, thereby keeping or keeping the hot water in the bathtub 6 warm. A whisper is done. Also, the hot water on the heat source side is sent from the upper part of the hot water tank 2 to the bath heating heat exchanger 19 by the circulation pump 17, exchanges heat with the low temperature water on the use side, and then circulates near the lower part of the hot water tank 2.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-293737

  However, in the above configuration, medium temperature water of about 30 to 50 ° C. is stored in the hot water tank 2 by heat exchange in the bath heating heat exchanger 19. Medium temperature water cannot be used for bathing because the temperature of the hot water is low. Further, if the medium-temperature water is stored as it is, the amount of heat stored in the hot water tank 2 is reduced, which causes hot water shortage. Therefore, although medium temperature water will be heated with the heat pump 3, since the temperature of the hot water was high, there existed a subject that the efficiency reduction of the heat pump 3 was caused.

  This invention solves the said conventional subject, and it aims at providing the heat pump hot water supply apparatus which can prevent the water temperature rise in a hot water storage tank, and can implement hot water supply operation with high energy efficiency.

In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, a heat pump hot water supply apparatus of the present invention includes a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a hot water heat exchanger, a decompression device, and an evaporator are sequentially connected, a first circulation pump, and the hot water heat exchange. A hot water supply circuit for heating the water in the hot water tank through the heater in turn, a three-way valve provided downstream of the hot water supply heat exchanger in the hot water supply circuit, the three-way valve and the first circulation pump of the hot water supply circuit A bypass circuit connected to the upstream side, a heat dissipating means provided in the bypass circuit, a heating circuit connected to the heat dissipating means via a second circulation pump, and a discharge temperature for detecting a discharge refrigerant temperature of the compressor A sensor, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the heat medium flowing into the heat radiating means provided in the heating circuit, and a control device, and the control device is provided at the time of starting the compressor and / or in the evaporator. The generated frost During the defrosting operation, the detected temperature of the discharge temperature sensor is compared with the detected temperature of the temperature sensor, and if the detected temperature of the temperature sensor is higher than the detected temperature of the discharge temperature sensor, the three-way valve The hot water supply heat exchanger is in communication with the bypass circuit and the first circulation pump and the second circulation pump are operated, and the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank The temperature of the hot water tank can be prevented from rising and the energy efficient hot water supply operation can be performed.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the heat pump hot water supply apparatus which can prevent the water temperature rise in a hot water storage tank and can implement the hot water supply operation with high energy efficiency can be provided.

1st invention heats the water in a hot water tank through the refrigerant circuit which connected the compressor, the hot water supply heat exchanger, the decompression device, and the evaporator sequentially, the 1st circulation pump, and the said hot water supply heat exchanger in order. A hot water supply circuit, a three-way valve provided downstream of the hot water supply heat exchanger of the hot water supply circuit, a bypass circuit connecting the three-way valve and the upstream side of the first circulation pump of the hot water supply circuit, and the bypass A heat dissipating means provided in the circuit; a heating circuit connected to the heat dissipating means via a second circulation pump; a discharge temperature sensor for detecting a discharge refrigerant temperature of the compressor; and the heat dissipating means provided in the heating circuit. A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the heat medium flowing into the engine, and a control device, the control device at the start of the compressor and / or at the time of defrosting operation to melt frost generated in the evaporator The detection temperature of the discharge temperature sensor When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is higher than the temperature detected by the discharge temperature sensor, the downstream side of the heat exchanger for hot water supply and the bypass circuit are compared with the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. And the first circulation pump and the second circulation pump are operated, without increasing the temperature of the hot water in the hot water tank, This can prevent hot water operation with high energy efficiency.

Further, hot water supply operation with higher energy efficiency can be performed. In addition, exhaust heat from the remaining hot water in the bath can be used, and hot water supply operation with high energy efficiency can be performed.

Since the second invention uses carbon dioxide as the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit, it achieves high temperature of hot water supply with high efficiency, and even if the refrigerant leaks to the outside, the influence on global warming is extremely high. Less.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

  In each embodiment, portions having the same configuration and the same operation are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater in the first embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, a compressor 31, a hot water heat exchanger 32, a throttling device 33, and an evaporator 34 are sequentially connected in an annular manner, and carbon dioxide gas is sealed as a refrigerant to form a refrigerant circulation circuit. A fan 35 is provided for blowing air. Further, a hot water supply circuit 46 in which a hot water tank 41, a water intake port 42 at the lower part of the hot water tank, a circulation pump 43 as a first circulation pump, a heat exchanger 32 for hot water supply, a three-way valve 44, and a hot water return port 45 at the upper part of the hot water tank are sequentially connected. And a bypass circuit 47 connected to the piping between the three-way valve 44, the water intake 42 at the lower part of the hot water tank, and the circulation pump 43 via a bath heating heat exchanger 48 as a radiator. The discharged high-temperature and high-pressure superheated gas refrigerant flows into the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 where the water sent from the circulation pump 43 is heated.

  Moreover, in the bath heating heat exchanger 48 for heating the hot water in the bathtub 50, the use side is connected so as to circulate the hot water in the bathtub 50 by a bath circulation pump 49 which is a second circulation pump, and a heating circuit. Is forming.

Furthermore, the incoming water temperature sensor 51 for detecting the incoming water temperature flowing into the hot water supply heat exchanger 32, the outgoing hot water temperature sensor 52 for detecting the outgoing water temperature flowing out from the hot water supply heat exchanger 32, and the incoming water flowing into the bath heating heat exchanger 48. A bath water temperature sensor 53 for detecting the temperature, a bath reflux temperature sensor 54 for detecting the temperature of the hot water returning to the bath from the bath heating heat exchanger 48, an outdoor air temperature sensor 55 for detecting the outdoor air temperature, and a discharge refrigerant temperature of the compressor 31 are detected. An outlet temperature sensor 57 for detecting the outlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator 34, an operating frequency of the compressor 31, an opening degree of the expansion device 33, a rotation speed of the fan 35, the circulation pump 43 and the bath A control device 58 for controlling the rotation speed of the circulation pump 49 is provided. Carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant.

  About the heat pump hot-water supply apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  In normal operation, when the operation of the heat pump hot water supply device is started, the circulation pump 43 and the fan 35 are operated, and the incoming water temperature sensor 51 measures the incoming water temperature flowing into the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 from the hot water storage tank 41, and the outdoor The outdoor air temperature is measured by the air temperature sensor 55, the discharge refrigerant temperature of the compressor 31 is measured by the discharge temperature sensor 56, and the operation frequency of the compressor 31 and the throttle device are determined by the incoming water temperature, the outdoor air temperature, the discharge refrigerant temperature, and the hot water target temperature. The initial opening P1 of 33 is selected and determined from a preset table, and the operation of the compressor 31 is started.

  The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 is a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant at the start of operation of the compressor 31, but gradually becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure superheated gas refrigerant as the number of rotations of the compressor 31 increases. At this time, when the bath exhaust heat utilization operation is selected by the remote controller, the temperature of the hot water in the bathtub is detected, and when the temperature of the hot water in the bathtub is higher than the discharge temperature, the bath circulation pump 49 and the circulation pump 43 are turned on. The heat is exchanged between the hot water in the hot tub and the low-temperature water flowing through the bypass circuit 47 in the bath heating heat exchanger 48, the hot water heated in the bypass circuit 47 is passed through the hot water supply heat exchanger, and the low temperature refrigerant By exchanging heat with, discharge temperature can be raised quickly. During this time, the hot water temperature of the bathtub and the discharge temperature are compared, and when the discharge temperature becomes high, the bath circulation pump 49 is stopped and the heat use of the bath is stopped.

  The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows into the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 where it exchanges heat with the water sent from the circulation pump 43 and heats it. Then, the refrigerant becomes a medium temperature and high pressure, and after being decompressed by the expansion device 33, flows into the evaporator 34, where it exchanges heat with the outside air blown by the fan 35, evaporates, and returns to the compressor 31. On the other hand, the hot water supplied by the circulation pump 43 is heated by the hot water heat exchanger 32, and the hot water temperature is lower by a first predetermined value (for example, 10 deg) than the preset hot water temperature (for example, 80 ° C) (70 ° C). When the temperature is lower (for example, 65 ° C.), the hot water is controlled so that the three-way valve 44 communicates with the hot water heat exchanger 32 and the bypass circuit 47, and is returned to the circulation pump 43 via the bypass circuit 47.

  Further, when the hot water temperature becomes higher than a temperature (70 ° C.) lower than a preset hot water supply temperature (for example, 80 ° C.) by a first predetermined value (for example, 10 deg), the three-way valve 44 returns the hot water to the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 and the hot water tank. The hot water flows into the upper part of the hot water storage tank 41 and is gradually stored from above, and hot water accumulates in the hot water storage tank 41 as the boiling operation time elapses. When the boiling operation is almost completed, the temperature of water flowing from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 41 via the circulation pump 43 becomes higher, and when the incoming water temperature exceeds the set value, it is determined that hot water has been stored in the hot water storage tank 41, and the compressor 31 circulates. The operation of the pump 43 and the fan 35 is stopped, and boiling is completed.

  Next, when the bath temperature falls below the set temperature of the remote control or the bath heating operation is selected by the remote control and the operation of the heat pump hot water supply device is started, the bath circulation pump 49 and the fan 35 are operated, and the bath water temperature sensor 53, the bath water temperature flowing from the bath 13 into the bath heating heat exchanger 48 is measured, the outdoor air temperature sensor 55 measures the outdoor air temperature, the discharge temperature sensor 56 measures the discharge refrigerant temperature of the compressor 31, and the bath water. The operating frequency of the compressor 31 and the initial opening P1 of the expansion device 33 are selected and determined from a preset table according to the temperature, the outdoor air temperature, and the bath target temperature, and the operation of the compressor 31 and the circulation pump 43 is started. The

The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 flows into the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 where it heats and exchanges heat with the water sent from the circulation pump 43. Then, the refrigerant becomes a medium temperature and high pressure, and after being decompressed by the expansion device 33, flows into the evaporator 34, where it exchanges heat with the outside air blown by the fan 35, evaporates, and returns to the compressor 31.

  On the other hand, the hot water supplied by the circulation pump 43 is heated by the hot water heat exchanger 32, and the three-way valve 44 is controlled so as to connect the hot water heat exchanger 32 and the bypass circuit 47, and flows into the bypass circuit 47. It returns to the circulation pump 43 through the bath heating heat exchanger 48. At this time, the circulation pump 43 controls the flow rate so that the temperature becomes a certain value (for example, 10 degrees) higher than the bath target temperature. In the bath heating heat exchanger 48, the hot water heated by the refrigerant circuit and the hot water are exchanged to heat the hot water. When the bath water temperature becomes equal to or higher than the bath target temperature, it is determined that the bath heating is completed, the operation of the compressor 31, the circulation pump 43, the bath circulation pump 49, and the fan 35 is stopped, and the bath heating operation is completed.

  As a result, the hot water storage tank can be obtained by heating the hot water in the bathtub 50 with a heat pump without adding new components to the conventional device, without using the hot water of the hot water storage tank 41 to heat the bath. The temperature of the hot water in 41 is not lowered.

  Next, when the outdoor temperature is low and frost is generated in the evaporator 34 and the defrosting operation is performed to melt the frost, the circulation pump 43 and the fan 35 are stopped, the hot water supply operation is stopped, the expansion device 33 is opened, The heat of the discharged refrigerant in the heat exchanger 32 is prevented as much as possible, and a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is passed through the evaporator 34 to increase the temperature of the evaporator 34 and defrost.

  At this time, the three-way valve 44 is controlled and operated so that the hot water heat exchanger 32 and the bypass circuit 47 communicate with each other. During the defrosting operation, a high-temperature refrigerant is introduced into the evaporator 34 to perform defrosting. Therefore, the refrigerant cannot absorb heat and evaporate, and is sucked into the compressor 31 in a liquid refrigerant state. Since it absorbs heat and evaporates, the discharge temperature of the compressor 31 gradually decreases. As a result, since the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 flows through the hot water supply heat exchanger 32, the temperature of the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 is the same as the temperature of the discharged refrigerant.

  At this time, when the bath exhaust heat utilization operation is selected by the remote controller, the temperature of the hot water in the bathtub is detected, and when the temperature of the hot water in the bathtub is higher than the discharge temperature, the bath circulation pump 49 and the circulation pump 43 are turned on. The heat is exchanged between the hot water in the hot tub and the low-temperature water flowing through the bypass circuit 47 in the bath heating heat exchanger 48, and the hot water heated in the bypass circuit 47 is passed through the hot water heat exchanger, and the temperature is lowered. By exchanging heat with the refrigerant, the frost of the evaporator 34 can be quickly melted using the heat of the hot water in the bathtub.

  When the frost of the evaporator 34 is melted, the refrigerant temperature of the outlet pipe of the evaporator 34 rises, and the output value of the evaporator outlet temperature sensor 57 becomes a set value (for example, 5 ° C.) or more, the defrosting operation is finished. During the defrosting operation, the hot water temperature of the bathtub and the discharge temperature are compared. When the discharge temperature becomes high, the bath circulation pump 49 and the circulation pump 43 are stopped, and the heat use of the bath is stopped.

  When the defrosting operation is completed, the circulation pump 43 and the fan 35 are operated, and the operation frequency of the compressor 31 and the initial opening P1 of the expansion device 33 are determined in advance according to the incoming water temperature, the outdoor air temperature, the discharged refrigerant temperature, and the hot water target temperature. The hot water supply operation is resumed by selecting and determining from the set table. At this time, the three-way valve 44 is controlled so that the hot water supply heat exchanger 32 and the bypass circuit 47 communicate with each other. Although the hot water temperature at this time is lower than the hot water supply set temperature (for example, 80 ° C.), the temperatures of the compressor 31 and the hot water heat exchanger 32 rise immediately, the hot water temperature also rises, and the hot water supply set temperature (for example, 80 ° C.). ), The three-way valve 44 is switched to communicate with the hot water return port 45 in the upper part of the hot water tank.

  As a result, defrosting is performed using the exhaust heat of the hot water in the bathtub, and the average energy efficiency can be improved by shortening the defrosting time, and a highly efficient hot water supply operation can be performed.

  Moreover, since the water temperature rise of the hot water storage tank 41 lower part can be prevented, the hot water supply operation with higher energy efficiency can be performed with the heat pump 6.

  In the present embodiment, the radiator is described as the bath heating heat exchanger 48, but a heating heat exchanger used for a floor heater or the like may be used.

  As described above, the heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention can perform hot water supply operation with high energy efficiency, and thus can be applied to uses such as an air conditioner using high-temperature hot water.

The block diagram of the heat pump hot-water supply apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention Configuration diagram of conventional heat pump water heater

31 Compressor 32 Heat exchanger for hot water supply 33 Throttle device (pressure reduction device)
34 Evaporator 35 Fan 41 Hot water storage tank 42 Water intake port at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 43 Circulation pump 44 Three-way valve 45 Hot water return port at the top of the hot water storage tank 46 Hot water supply circuit 47 Bypass circuit 48 Bath heating heat exchanger 49 Bath circulation pump 50 Bathtub 51 Incoming water temperature Sensor 52 Hot water temperature sensor 53 Bath temperature sensor 54 Bath return temperature sensor 55 Outdoor air temperature sensor 56 Discharge temperature sensor 57 Evaporator outlet temperature sensor 58 Control device

Claims (2)

A refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a hot water supply heat exchanger, a decompression device, and an evaporator are sequentially connected, a first circulation pump, and a hot water supply circuit that heats water in the hot water tank through the hot water supply heat exchanger in order, A three-way valve provided downstream of the hot water supply heat exchanger in the hot water supply circuit, a bypass circuit connecting the three-way valve and the upstream side of the first circulation pump of the hot water supply circuit, and heat dissipation means provided in the bypass circuit A heating circuit connected to the heat dissipating means via a second circulation pump, a discharge temperature sensor for detecting a discharge refrigerant temperature of the compressor, and a heat medium provided in the heating circuit and flowing into the heat dissipating means A temperature sensor for detecting temperature; and a control device , wherein the control device detects a temperature detected by the discharge temperature sensor at the time of starting the compressor and / or during a defrosting operation for melting frost generated in the evaporator. And the temperature sensor When the detected temperature of the temperature sensor is higher than the detected temperature of the discharge temperature sensor, the downstream side of the hot water supply heat exchanger and the bypass circuit are communicated by the three-way valve. In addition, a heat pump hot water supply apparatus that operates the first circulation pump and the second circulation pump. The heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein carbon dioxide gas is used as the refrigerant.

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