JP5170846B2 - Electric shock experience device and electric shock experience method - Google Patents

Electric shock experience device and electric shock experience method Download PDF

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JP5170846B2
JP5170846B2 JP2009144052A JP2009144052A JP5170846B2 JP 5170846 B2 JP5170846 B2 JP 5170846B2 JP 2009144052 A JP2009144052 A JP 2009144052A JP 2009144052 A JP2009144052 A JP 2009144052A JP 5170846 B2 JP5170846 B2 JP 5170846B2
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electric shock
shock experience
experience
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弘伸 中野
一彦 古屋
滋 長岡
文行 高橋
武友 五十嵐
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弘伸 中野
株式会社関電工
株式会社昭和電業社
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Description

本願発明は、人間に所定の大きさの電流を所定時間流して感電を体験する感電体験装置と感電体験方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an electric shock experience apparatus and an electric shock experience method for experiencing an electric shock by passing a current of a predetermined magnitude to a human for a predetermined time.

従来博物館の展示用或いは学校の教材用として、電気体験装置が提案されている(例えば特許文献1参照)。
従来の電気体験装置は、室内灯、エアコン、冷蔵庫、電子レンジ、暖房機器、パソコン等の家電製品や屋内配線の過電流、漏電、短絡等の異常状態を模擬的に発生させて、見学者がそれらの異常状態を視覚、聴覚、嗅覚等で体験できるように構成されている。
Conventionally, an electric experience device has been proposed for museum display or school teaching materials (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
The conventional electric experience device simulates abnormal conditions such as overcurrent, electric leakage, short circuit, etc. of home appliances such as room lights, air conditioners, refrigerators, microwave ovens, heating equipment, personal computers, and indoor wiring, It is configured so that those abnormal states can be experienced through visual, auditory, and olfactory senses.

特開2008−191199号公報JP 2008-191199 A

従来の電気体験装置は、感電の防止手段は設けてあるが、感電を体験できるようには構成されていない。即ち従来の電気体験装置は、感電を体験できないが、電気工事技術者等の訓練には感電の体験も必要である。
また、電気工事会社の中には、社員の安全研修の一環として、実際に感電を体験するコーナを設けている企業もある。しかしながら、このコーナは、企業の研修施設に固定されているため、社員は、そこへ行かないと体験できない。また、その体験も、各種危険体験の一環として設けてあるため、たんに、感触を体験するだけであって、感電時間や感電電流を種々設定できる構成にはなっていない。
本願発明は、その点に鑑み、人体に影響することなく安全に感電を体験できる感電体験装置と感電体験方法を提供することを目的とする。
また、本願発明の感電体験装置は、小型化して持ち運び可能な大きさ並びに簡便な操作方法とすることにより、小中学校の教材用として、或いは、工業高校、大学の理工学部系学生に対する実習・研修装置として、提供することを目的とする。
Conventional electric experience devices are provided with means for preventing electric shock, but are not configured to experience electric shock. That is, the conventional electric experience apparatus cannot experience an electric shock, but an electric shock experience is also necessary for the training of an electrician or the like.
Some electrical construction companies have corners where they can experience electric shock as part of their employee safety training. However, this corner is fixed in a corporate training facility, so employees can only experience it. Moreover, since the experience is also provided as part of various dangerous experiences, it is merely configured to experience the touch, and the electric shock time and electric shock current cannot be set in various ways.
In view of this point, the present invention has an object of providing an electric shock experience device and an electric shock experience method that allow an electric shock to be experienced safely without affecting the human body.
In addition, the electric shock experience device of the present invention is reduced in size and portable, and by a simple operation method, it can be used for teaching materials for elementary and junior high schools, or for practical training / training for students in engineering high school and university. It is intended to be provided as a device.

本願発明は、その目的を達成するため、請求項1に記載の感電体験装置は、人間接触部、人間接触部に感電体験電圧を印加する電源部、その電源部を制御する制御部、制御部に感電体験電流と感電体験時間を設定する入力部を備え、制御部は、電源部から人間接触部に電圧を印加して感電体験者の人間抵抗を測定し、その測定した人間抵抗を用いて設定した感電体験電流を流すのに必要な感電体験電圧を算出することを特徴とする。
請求項2に記載の感電体験装置は、請求項1に記載の感電体験装置において、前記電源部は、正弦波インバータであることを特徴とする。
請求項3に記載の感電体験装置は、請求項1叉は請求項2に記載の感電体験装置において、前記制御部は、感電体験電流が設定した範囲を超えないように感電体験電圧を制御することを特徴とする。
請求項4に記載の感電体験装置は、請求項3に記載の感電体験装置において、感電体験電流が上限電流を超えたときはリレーが作動して前記人間接触部の給電回路を遮断することを特徴とする。
請求項5に記載の感電体験装置は、請求項1から請求項4のいずれかの請求項に記載の感電体験装置において、当該装置が持ち運び可能な構成になっていることを特徴とする。
請求項6に記載の感電体験方法は、人間接触部、人間接触部に感電体験電圧を印加する電源部、その電源部を制御する制御部、制御部に感電体験電流と感電体験時間を設定する入力部を備えた感電体験装置において、制御部に種々の感電体験電流と感電体験時間を設定し、人間接触部に感電体験者を接触させ、電源部から人間接触部に電圧を印加して感電体験者の人間抵抗を測定し、その測定した人間抵抗を用いて設定した感電体験電流を流すのに必要な感電体験電圧を算出して人間接触部に印加することを特徴とする。
請求項7に記載の感電体験方法は、請求項6に記載の感電体験方法において、前記電源部は、正弦波インバータであることを特徴とする感電体験方法。
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the electric shock experience device according to claim 1 includes a human contact unit, a power supply unit that applies an electric shock experience voltage to the human contact unit, a control unit that controls the power supply unit, and a control unit. The control unit measures the human resistance of the person experiencing electric shock by applying a voltage from the power supply unit to the human contact unit, and uses the measured human resistance. The electric shock experience voltage required to pass the set electric shock experience current is calculated.
The electric shock experience apparatus according to claim 2 is the electric shock experience apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power supply unit is a sine wave inverter.
The electric shock experience device according to claim 3 is the electric shock experience device according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the control unit controls the electric shock experience voltage so that the electric shock experience current does not exceed a set range. It is characterized by that.
The electric shock experience device according to claim 4 is the electric shock experience device according to claim 3, wherein when the electric shock experience current exceeds an upper limit current, a relay is activated to cut off the power supply circuit of the human contact portion. Features.
The electric shock experience apparatus according to claim 5 is the electric shock experience apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the apparatus is portable.
The electric shock experience method according to claim 6 sets the electric shock experience current and electric shock experience time in the human contact portion, a power supply portion that applies an electric shock experience voltage to the human contact portion, a control portion that controls the power supply portion, and the control portion. In an electric shock experience device equipped with an input unit, various electric shock experience current and electric shock experience time are set in the control unit, the electric shock experience person is brought into contact with the human contact part, and voltage is applied from the power supply part to the human contact part. The human resistance of the experienced person is measured, and an electric shock experience voltage necessary for passing the electric shock experience current set using the measured human resistance is calculated and applied to the human contact portion.
The electric shock experience method according to claim 7, wherein the power supply unit is a sine wave inverter in the electric shock experience method according to claim 6.

本願発明の感電体験装置は、感電体験電流と感電体験時間を設定してスタートボタンを押すだけで、簡単に感電を体験できる。そして本願発明の感電体験装置は、感電体験電流と感電体験時間を種々設定でき、かつそれらの組合せも変えられるから、いろいろな種類の感電を体験できる。
本願発明の感電体験装置は、感電体験中に人間接触部に流れる電流が設定した感電体験電流を超えないように制御し、かつ上限電流を超えたときは、人間接触部の給電回路を遮断するから、安全に感電を体験できる。
The electric shock experience device of the present invention can easily experience electric shock simply by setting an electric shock experience current and electric shock experience time and pressing a start button. The electric shock experience device of the present invention can set various electric shock experience currents and electric shock experience times, and the combination thereof can be changed, so that various types of electric shock can be experienced.
The electric shock experience device of the present invention controls the electric current flowing through the human contact portion during the electric shock experience so as not to exceed the set electric shock experience current, and shuts off the power supply circuit of the human contact portion when the upper limit current is exceeded. Therefore, you can experience electric shock safely.

また本願発明の感電体験装置は、感電体験電流を流す前に、感電体験者の人間抵抗を測定して感電体験電圧を算出するから、感電体験電流を設定通り正確に流すことができる。そして人間抵抗は、感電体験電流を流す回路と同じ回路を用いて測定するから、人間抵抗測定のための装置は必要でない。
また、本願発明の感電体験装置は、小型化して持ち運びが可能な大きさとすることにより、企業内の各支店、各種営業所等へ、適宜運ぶことができるので、いつでも、どこでも、使用可能である。さらには、小中学校の教材用として、あるいは、工業高校、大学の理工学部系学生に対する実習・研修装置としても使用可能である。
In addition, since the electric shock experience device of the present invention calculates the electric shock experience voltage by measuring the human resistance of the electric shock experience person before flowing the electric shock experience current, the electric shock experience current can be passed accurately as set. And since human resistance is measured using the same circuit as the circuit through which the electric shock experience current flows, a device for measuring human resistance is not necessary.
In addition, the electric shock experience device of the present invention can be used anywhere, anytime because it can be transported as appropriate to each branch office, various sales offices, etc. in the company by making it small and portable. . Furthermore, it can also be used as teaching materials for elementary and junior high schools, or as a practical training / training device for students of technical high school or university.

図1は、本願発明の実施例に係る感電体験装置のブロック図を示す。FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an electric shock experience apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

図1に基づいて本願発明の実施例に係る感電体験装置を説明する。   An electric shock experience apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

感電体験装置は、人間に電流を流す人間接触部31、人間接触部31に60Hz、50Hz等の正弦波電圧を印加する正弦波インバータ22、正弦波インバータ22を制御する制御部11、感電体験中に人間に流す電流(感電体験電流と呼ぶ)とその感電体験電流を流す時間(感電体験時間と呼ぶ)を制御部11に設定するタッチパネル等の入力部12等からなる。制御部11は、CPUからなる。ここで前記感電体験電流を流すのに必要な電圧(正弦波インバータ22の出力電圧)を感電体験電圧と呼ぶ。   The electric shock experience device includes a human contact unit 31 that sends current to a human, a sine wave inverter 22 that applies a sine wave voltage such as 60 Hz and 50 Hz to the human contact unit 31, a control unit 11 that controls the sine wave inverter 22, Current input to a human (referred to as an electric shock experience current) and a time for passing the electric shock experience current (referred to as an electric shock experience time) are set in the control unit 11 such as an input unit 12 such as a touch panel. The control part 11 consists of CPU. Here, a voltage (output voltage of the sine wave inverter 22) necessary to flow the electric shock experience current is referred to as an electric shock experience voltage.

正弦波インバータ22には、商用電源(AC100V)から、スイッチSW1、変圧器T、電路遮断器ELB、整流平滑回路21を介して電力を供給する。変圧器Tは、商用電源と人間接触部31の電源部である正弦波インバータ22とを切り離して人間を保護する機能も有している。正弦波インバータ22は、リレー25によって作動するリレースイッチSW2、保護抵抗Rgを介して人間接触部31に電圧を印加する。
人間接触部31に流れる電流(人間に流れる電流)Ihは、電流センサ23により検出して比較回路24と制御部11へ供給する。比較回路24は、電流Ihと上限電流Iuを比較し、電流Ihが上限電流Iuを超えると、リレー25が作動してリレースイッチSW2が作動し、人間接触部31の給電回路を遮断する。上限電流Iuは、電流が人間に与える影響を勘案して10mAに設定してある。
The sine wave inverter 22 is supplied with electric power from a commercial power supply (AC 100 V) via the switch SW1, the transformer T, the circuit breaker ELB, and the rectifying / smoothing circuit 21. The transformer T also has a function of protecting humans by separating the commercial power supply from the sine wave inverter 22 that is the power supply unit of the human contact unit 31. The sine wave inverter 22 applies a voltage to the human contact portion 31 via the relay switch SW2 that is operated by the relay 25 and the protective resistance Rg.
The current Ih flowing through the human contact unit 31 (current flowing through the human) Ih is detected by the current sensor 23 and supplied to the comparison circuit 24 and the control unit 11. The comparison circuit 24 compares the current Ih and the upper limit current Iu. When the current Ih exceeds the upper limit current Iu, the relay 25 is activated and the relay switch SW2 is activated, and the power supply circuit of the human contact portion 31 is interrupted. The upper limit current Iu is set to 10 mA in consideration of the effect of the current on humans.

人間接触部31は、電極311,312からなり、両電極に例えば手のひらを接触させると、電気回路が形成されて人間(手のひら)に電流が流れる。したがってそのとき感電を体験できる。感電体験電流と感電体験時間は、入力部11により、夫々1,2,3,4,5mAと20,40,60,80,100msから選定して制御部11に設定する。制御部11は、設定された感電体験電流と感電体験時間が、例えば1mAと20msの場合、人間接触部31に流れる電流と流れる時間が1mAと20msになるように、正弦波インバータ22を制御する。   The human contact portion 31 includes electrodes 311 and 312. When, for example, a palm is brought into contact with both electrodes, an electric circuit is formed, and a current flows through the human (palm). Therefore, you can experience an electric shock at that time. The electric shock experience current and electric shock experience time are selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 mA and 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 ms by the input unit 11 and set in the control unit 11. For example, when the set electric shock experience current and electric shock experience time are 1 mA and 20 ms, the control unit 11 controls the sine wave inverter 22 so that the current flowing through the human contact unit 31 and the flow time are 1 mA and 20 ms. .

制御部11に設定した感電体験電流、感電体験時間は、表示部13に表示される。また表示部13には、感電体験時に人間に流れる電流も表示する。
なお人間接触部31に感電体験電圧を印加する電源部は、直流電源でもよいが、人間は直流の感電に鈍いため交流の方がよいし、また感電体験電圧、感電体験電流や感電体験時間の制御には、正弦波インバータが適している。
The electric shock experience current and electric shock experience time set in the control unit 11 are displayed on the display unit 13. The display unit 13 also displays the current that flows to a person during an electric shock experience.
The power supply unit that applies the electric shock experience voltage to the human contact portion 31 may be a direct current power supply, but humans are less sensitive to direct electric shock, so it is better to use alternating current, and the electric shock experience voltage, electric shock experience current, electric shock experience time A sine wave inverter is suitable for the control.

次に図1の感電体験装置の動作と感電体験方法について説明する。
(1)入力部12から制御部11に、感電体験電流、感電体験時間を夫々1mA,20msに設定する。
(2)人間接触部31に手のひらを接触させる。
(3)スタートボタン14を押す。
(4)制御部11は、まず人間接触部31の手のひらの抵抗(人間抵抗)を測定(算出)する。人間抵抗の測定には、まず正弦波インバータ22から人間接触部31に、予備的に人間が感じない程度の低い電圧(例えば5V)を印加して電流Ihを検出する。次にその電流Ihを用いて人間抵抗を算出する。
(5)制御部11は、算出した人間抵抗を用いて、感電体験電流1mAを流すのに必要な感電体験電圧を算出する。なお感電体験電圧は、最大60V程度である。
(6)制御部11は、その計算結果に基づいて、人間接触部31の手のひらに1mAの電流が、20msの間流れるように正弦波インバータ22を制御する。
(7)感電体験者は、手のひらに流れる電流により感電を体験する。
なお感電体験電流と感電体験時間は、1mAと20msを例に説明したが、それらは、任意に組合せることができる。
Next, the operation of the electric shock experience apparatus of FIG. 1 and the electric shock experience method will be described.
(1) An electric shock experience current and an electric shock experience time are set to 1 mA and 20 ms from the input unit 12 to the control unit 11, respectively.
(2) A palm is brought into contact with the human contact portion 31.
(3) Press the start button 14.
(4) First, the control unit 11 measures (calculates) the palm resistance (human resistance) of the human contact unit 31. In the measurement of human resistance, first, a current Ih is detected by applying a low voltage (for example, 5 V) that is not perceived by a human to the human contact portion 31 from the sine wave inverter 22. Next, human resistance is calculated using the current Ih.
(5) Using the calculated human resistance, the control unit 11 calculates an electric shock experience voltage necessary to pass an electric shock experience current of 1 mA. The electric shock experience voltage is about 60 V at maximum.
(6) Based on the calculation result, the control unit 11 controls the sine wave inverter 22 so that a current of 1 mA flows in the palm of the human contact unit 31 for 20 ms.
(7) An electric shock experience person experiences an electric shock by a current flowing in the palm.
The electric shock experience current and the electric shock experience time have been described by taking 1 mA and 20 ms as examples, but they can be arbitrarily combined.

人間抵抗は、感電体験中に手のひらに汗が出て抵抗が小さくなり、手のひらを流れる電流Ihが1mAを超えることがある。その場合制御部11は、電流Ihが1mAを超えないように正弦波インバータ22の感電体験電圧を制御する。
なお電流Ihが上限電流Iu(10mA)を超えると、前述したように、リレー25が作動しリレースイッチSW2が作動して人間接触部31の給電回路を遮断する。
In human resistance, during the electric shock experience, sweat may appear on the palm and the resistance may be reduced, and the current Ih flowing through the palm may exceed 1 mA. In that case, the control unit 11 controls the electric shock experience voltage of the sine wave inverter 22 so that the current Ih does not exceed 1 mA.
When the current Ih exceeds the upper limit current Iu (10 mA), as described above, the relay 25 is activated and the relay switch SW2 is activated to cut off the power supply circuit of the human contact portion 31.

以上のように、本実施例の感電体験装置は、入力部12から制御部11に感電体験電流と感電体験時間を設定し、スタートボタン14を押すだけで、簡単に感電を体験できる。そして本実施例の感電体験装置は、感電体験電流と感電体験時間を種々設定でき、かつそれらの組合せも、例えば、小さい電流で長い間、大きい電流で短い間、或いは大きい電流で長い間等に変えることができるから、いろいろの種類の感電を体験することができる。
また本実施例の感電体験装置は、感電体験中に人間接触部31に流れる電流Ihが設定した感電体験電流を超えないように制御し、かつ上限電流Iu(10mA)を超えたときは、人間接触部31の給電回路を遮断するから、安全に感電を体験できる。
As described above, the electric shock experience apparatus of the present embodiment can experience electric shock simply by setting electric shock experience current and electric shock experience time from the input unit 12 to the control unit 11 and pressing the start button 14. The electric shock experience apparatus of the present embodiment can set various electric shock experience current and electric shock experience time, and the combination thereof can be, for example, a small current for a long time, a large current for a short time, or a large current for a long time. Because it can be changed, you can experience various types of electric shock.
The electric shock experience apparatus of the present embodiment controls the current Ih flowing through the human contact portion 31 during the electric shock experience so as not to exceed the set electric shock experience current, and when the electric current exceeds the upper limit current Iu (10 mA), Since the power feeding circuit of the contact portion 31 is cut off, it is possible to experience an electric shock safely.

また本実施例の感電体験装置は、感電体験電流を流す前に、感電体験者が感じない程度の低い電圧により感電体験者の人間抵抗を測定して感電体験電圧を算出するから、感電体験電流を設定通り正確に流すことができる。そして人間抵抗は、感電体験電流を流す回路と同じ回路を用いて測定できるから、人間抵抗測定用の特別の装置は必要でない。
また、本実施例の感電体験装置は、構成が簡単でAC100Vの商用電源を使用できるから、小型化して持ち運びが可能な大きさにすることができる。したがって本実施例の感電体験装置は、例えば企業内の各支店、各種営業所等へ搬送して、いつでも、どこでも、使用することができる。
In addition, the electric shock experience device of the present embodiment calculates the electric shock experience voltage by measuring the human resistance of the electric shock experience person with a low voltage that the electric shock experience person does not feel before flowing the electric shock experience current. Can flow exactly as set. And since human resistance can be measured using the same circuit as the circuit through which an electric shock experience current flows, a special device for measuring human resistance is not necessary.
In addition, since the electric shock experience apparatus of the present embodiment has a simple configuration and can use a commercial power supply of AC 100 V, it can be downsized and made portable. Therefore, the electric shock experience apparatus of the present embodiment can be used anywhere, anytime, for example, by being transported to each branch in the company, various sales offices, or the like.

11 制御部
12 入力部
13 表示部
21 整流平滑回路
22 正弦波インバータ
23 電流センサ
24 比較回路
25 リレー
31 人間接触部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Control part 12 Input part 13 Display part 21 Rectification smoothing circuit 22 Sine wave inverter 23 Current sensor 24 Comparison circuit 25 Relay 31 Human contact part

Claims (7)

人間接触部、人間接触部に感電体験電圧を印加する電源部、その電源部を制御する制御部、制御部に感電体験電流と感電体験時間を設定する入力部を備え、制御部は、電源部から人間接触部に電圧を印加して感電体験者の人間抵抗を測定し、その測定した人間抵抗を用いて設定した感電体験電流を流すのに必要な感電体験電圧を算出することを特徴とする感電体験装置。   A human contact unit, a power supply unit that applies an electric shock experience voltage to the human contact unit, a control unit that controls the power supply unit, and an input unit that sets an electric shock experience current and an electric shock experience time in the control unit. To measure the human resistance of the person experiencing electric shock by applying a voltage to the human contact part, and to calculate the electric shock experience voltage necessary to flow the electric shock experience current set using the measured human resistance Electric shock experience device. 請求項1に記載の感電体験装置において、前記電源部は、正弦波インバータであることを特徴とする感電体験装置。   The electric shock experience apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power supply unit is a sine wave inverter. 請求項1叉は請求項2に記載の感電体験装置において、前記制御部は、感電体験電流が設定した範囲を超えないように感電体験電圧を制御することを特徴とする感電体験装置。   3. The electric shock experience device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls the electric shock experience voltage so that the electric shock experience current does not exceed a set range. 請求項3に記載の感電体験装置において、感電体験電流が上限電流を超えたときはリレーが作動して前記人間接触部の給電回路を遮断することを特徴とする感電体験装置。   4. The electric shock experience apparatus according to claim 3, wherein when the electric shock experience current exceeds an upper limit current, a relay is activated to cut off the power supply circuit of the human contact portion. 請求項1から請求項4のいずれかの請求項に記載の感電体験装置において、当該装置が持ち運び可能な構成になっていることを特徴とする感電体験装置。   The electric shock experience device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the electric shock experience device is configured to be portable. 人間接触部、人間接触部に感電体験電圧を印加する電源部、その電源部を制御する制御部、制御部に感電体験電流と感電体験時間を設定する入力部を備えた感電体験装置において、制御部に種々の感電体験電流と感電体験時間を設定し、人間接触部に感電体験者を接触させ、電源部から人間接触部に電圧を印加して感電体験者の人間抵抗を測定し、その測定した人間抵抗を用いて設定した感電体験電流を流すのに必要な感電体験電圧を算出して人間接触部に印加することを特徴とする感電体験方法。   Control in an electric shock experience device with a human contact part, a power supply part that applies an electric shock experience voltage to the human contact part, a control part that controls the power supply part, and an input part that sets an electric shock experience current and an electric shock experience time in the control part Various electric shock experience current and electric shock experience time are set in the part, the electric shock experience person is brought into contact with the human contact part, voltage is applied from the power supply part to the human contact part, and the human resistance of the electric shock experience person is measured and measured. An electric shock experience method characterized by calculating an electric shock experience voltage necessary to pass an electric shock experience current set using human resistance and applying it to a human contact portion. 請求項6に記載の感電体験方法において、前記電源部は、正弦波インバータであることを特徴とする感電体験方法。   The electric shock experience method according to claim 6, wherein the power supply unit is a sine wave inverter.
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