JP5170696B2 - Centrifuge rotor and centrifuge - Google Patents
Centrifuge rotor and centrifuge Download PDFInfo
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- JP5170696B2 JP5170696B2 JP2009074737A JP2009074737A JP5170696B2 JP 5170696 B2 JP5170696 B2 JP 5170696B2 JP 2009074737 A JP2009074737 A JP 2009074737A JP 2009074737 A JP2009074737 A JP 2009074737A JP 5170696 B2 JP5170696 B2 JP 5170696B2
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- KPLQYGBQNPPQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt samarium Chemical compound [Co].[Sm] KPLQYGBQNPPQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000938 samarium–cobalt magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000828 alnico Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012472 biological sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010353 genetic engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、医学、薬学、遺伝子工学等の分野で使用されている遠心機及び遠心機のロ−タに関し、個々を識別する機能を安価に構成する構造に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a centrifuge and a rotor of a centrifuge used in the fields of medicine, pharmacy, genetic engineering, and the like, and relates to a structure that constitutes a function for identifying each individual at low cost.
生物試料等を分離するための遠心分離機においては、試料保持容器である回転体（以下ロータと称す）を交換して使用するため、ロータの着脱作業は頻繁に行われることが多い。このため、ロータと駆動装置との結合は簡便なほど使用者の使い勝手が良いことになる。この簡便性を実現するにはネジによる締結等を実施せず、容易に着脱を可能とする必要がある。また、回転速度が４０，０００ｒｐｍ以上の遠心分離機においては、高速回転時に非常に大きな応力が発生しているため、個々のロータ毎に使用可能な最高回転速度を制限する必要がある。最高回転速度の制限をするには個々のロータを識別する必要があり、識別手段は様々な方法が提案されている。図６は、ロータを識別する代表的な機能を示した図である。図６の機能は、ロータの底面に複数個の識別子（磁石）を設置し、遠心機側には識別子の磁気を検出するためのセンサーを設けて回転中の識別子の位置を検出する構造をとっている。検出された識別子の位置信号はマイクロプロセッサーを介して演算され、記憶装置に保持されている個々のロータの識別データとの対比を行い、最高回転速度が制限される。 In a centrifuge for separating a biological sample or the like, a rotating body (hereinafter referred to as a rotor), which is a sample holding container, is used by being exchanged, so that the attaching / detaching operation of the rotor is often performed. For this reason, as the coupling between the rotor and the driving device is simpler, the convenience for the user is better. In order to realize this simplicity, it is necessary to enable easy attachment / detachment without fastening with screws. Further, in a centrifuge with a rotational speed of 40,000 rpm or more, a very large stress is generated during high-speed rotation, and therefore it is necessary to limit the maximum rotational speed that can be used for each rotor. In order to limit the maximum rotation speed, it is necessary to identify individual rotors, and various methods have been proposed as identification means. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a representative function for identifying the rotor. 6 has a structure in which a plurality of identifiers (magnets) are installed on the bottom surface of the rotor, and a sensor for detecting the magnetism of the identifier is provided on the centrifuge to detect the position of the rotating identifier. ing. The detected position signal of the identifier is calculated via a microprocessor and compared with the identification data of each rotor held in the storage device, and the maximum rotation speed is limited.
ロータ底面に設ける識別子（磁石）にはサマリウム−コバルトやネオジウム磁石等に代表される希土類磁石や、アルニコ磁石等が使用されている。サマリウム−コバルトやネオジウム磁石等の希土類磁石は強磁性で且つ安価であり、汎用性のある素材であるが、焼結で製造されるために高い寸法精度が要求される圧入部に使用することは困難である。このため、磁石を固定するには接着剤を用いる必要があった。また寸法精度を確保する目的で圧入公差範囲のものを選択して嵌合させても、素材の機械強度が十分ではないため、圧入時に磁石に割れや欠けが発生する問題があった。 For the identifier (magnet) provided on the bottom surface of the rotor, rare earth magnets such as samarium-cobalt and neodymium magnets, alnico magnets, and the like are used. Rare earth magnets such as samarium-cobalt and neodymium magnets are ferromagnetic and inexpensive, and are versatile materials, but are used for press-fitting parts that require high dimensional accuracy because they are manufactured by sintering. Have difficulty. For this reason, it was necessary to use an adhesive to fix the magnet. Further, even if a material having a press-fitting tolerance range is selected and fitted for the purpose of ensuring dimensional accuracy, the mechanical strength of the material is not sufficient, so that there is a problem that the magnet is cracked or chipped during press-fitting.
一方、アルニコ磁石は鋳造で製造されるため鋳造後の機械加工が可能であるが、圧入公差に仕上るには研磨工程が必要であり、安価に製造することが難しかった。 On the other hand, alnico magnets can be machined after casting because they are manufactured by casting, but a polishing process is required to achieve press-fitting tolerance, making it difficult to manufacture at low cost.
従来の遠心機用ロータにおいて、識別用の磁性体（磁石）に希土類磁石を使用する場合、磁石の外径よりも僅かに大きな内径を有する穴をロータボディに設けて、磁石の外周を接着剤で固定する方法が用いられていた。この方法はロータの最高回転速度が２０，０００ｒｐｍ程度であれば、接着剤の剥れに関する問題はないが、より高速回転で回転した場合は剥れが生じる恐れがあった。 In a conventional centrifuge rotor, when a rare earth magnet is used as a magnetic material for identification (magnet), a hole having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the magnet is provided in the rotor body, and the outer periphery of the magnet is adhesive. The method of fixing with was used. In this method, if the maximum rotational speed of the rotor is about 20,000 rpm, there is no problem with the peeling of the adhesive, but if the rotor is rotated at a higher speed, peeling may occur.
また、磁石の外径をロータボディに設けた穴より僅かに大きくして、ロータボディの穴に磁石を圧入する場合には、磁石の外径を機械加工（研磨）をする必要があり、コスト高になっていた。 In addition, when the outer diameter of the magnet is slightly larger than the hole provided in the rotor body and the magnet is press-fitted into the hole in the rotor body, the outer diameter of the magnet must be machined (polished), resulting in a cost reduction. It was high.
さらに、磁石が直接ロータボディの表面に剥き出しとなる配置であるため、磁石の表面が錆びたり、磁力が弱まる問題があった。
本発明の目的は、上記した問題を解決し、識別用の磁力を確保しながら、ロータの操作性を損なうことなく使い勝手の良い遠心機用ロータおよび、遠心機を提供することにある。
Furthermore, since the magnet is directly exposed on the surface of the rotor body, there is a problem that the surface of the magnet is rusted or the magnetic force is weakened.
An object of the present invention is to provide a centrifuge rotor and a centrifuge that are easy to use without deteriorating the operability of the rotor, while solving the above-described problems and securing a magnetic force for identification.
上記の目的を達成するために本発明は、試料容器を保持し、底面に凹部を有するロータボディと、該ロータボディを識別するための磁性体とを有する遠心機用ロータであって、一方の端部に閉塞部を有し、他方の端部は開放した筒形状のケースを有し、前記ケースに前記磁性体を収容し、前記閉塞部により前記凹部の開放側を塞ぐように前記ケースを前記ロータボディの凹部に圧入したことに一つの特徴を有する。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rotor for a centrifuge having a rotor body that holds a sample container and has a concave portion on a bottom surface, and a magnetic body for identifying the rotor body. The end has a closed portion, the other end has an open cylindrical case, the magnetic body is accommodated in the case, and the open portion of the recess is closed by the closed portion. One feature is that it is press-fitted into the recess of the rotor body.
更に本発明の他の特徴は、試料容器を保持し、底面に凹部を有するロータボディと、該ロータボディを識別するための磁性体と、一方の端部に閉塞部を有し、他方の端部は開放した筒形状のケースとを備え、前記ケースに前記磁性体を収容し、前記閉塞部により前記凹部の開放側を塞ぐように前記ケースを前記ロータボディの凹部に圧入して構成されたロータと、前記ロータを回転駆動する駆動装置と、前記ロータを収納するロータ室と、前記ロータ室上部を開閉可能に設けられたドアと、前記磁性体から情報を検出する磁気センサと、前記磁気センサからの信号に基づいて前記ロータボディを識別する制御部とにより遠心機を構成したことにある。Still another feature of the present invention is that a rotor body that holds a sample container and has a concave portion on the bottom surface, a magnetic body for identifying the rotor body, a closed portion at one end, and an end at the other end The portion includes an open cylindrical case, the magnetic body is accommodated in the case, and the case is press-fitted into the recess of the rotor body so as to close the open side of the recess by the closing portion. A rotor; a drive device that rotationally drives the rotor; a rotor chamber that houses the rotor; a door that can be opened and closed at the top of the rotor chamber; a magnetic sensor that detects information from the magnetic material; The centrifuge is configured by a control unit that identifies the rotor body based on a signal from a sensor.
本発明によれば、識別用の磁力を確保しながらロータの操作性を損なうことなく使い勝手の良い製品を安価に提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an easy-to-use product at low cost without impairing the operability of the rotor while ensuring the magnetic force for identification.
本発明となる遠心機用ロータ及び遠心機の実施の形態について以下図を用いて説明する。
まず、本発明となる遠心機について説明する。図４は遠心機用ロータを遠心機に実装した場合の側面断面図である。遠心機３０は駆動装置となるモータ３４、ロータ室３３を備え、モータ３４はモータ３４の振動等を吸収する防振ゴム等から成るモータ支持部（ダンパー）３６により遠心機３０のフレーム３９の一部を形成する仕切板３１に固定されている。
Embodiments of a centrifuge rotor and a centrifuge according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
First, a centrifuge according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the centrifuge rotor mounted on the centrifuge. The centrifuge 30 includes a motor 34 and a rotor chamber 33 that serve as a driving device. The motor 34 has a frame 39 of the centrifuge 30 by a motor support (damper) 36 made of vibration-proof rubber or the like that absorbs vibrations of the motor 34. It is being fixed to the partition plate 31 which forms a part.
モータ３４の上部はロータ室３３に突き出しており、モータ３４の駆動軸３５には本発明となるロータ１が装着されている。ロータ室３３の上部には、ドア３２が設置されており、ロータ１はドア３２を破線の状態まで開けてロータ室３３の上方から着脱される。 The upper part of the motor 34 protrudes into the rotor chamber 33, and the rotor 1 according to the present invention is mounted on the drive shaft 35 of the motor 34. A door 32 is installed on the top of the rotor chamber 33, and the rotor 1 is attached and detached from above the rotor chamber 33 by opening the door 32 to the broken line state.
また、ロータ室３３に突き出したモータ３４には磁性体の位置を検出する磁気センサ３７ａがセンサユニット３７に備えられている。なお、遠心機３０には、図６に示すように、磁気センサ３７の信号を受けとり、遠心機全体を制御する制御部３８及び演算部３８ａ、記憶装置３８ｂが遠心機３０内に備えられている。 The sensor 34 is provided with a magnetic sensor 37 a that detects the position of the magnetic body in the motor 34 that protrudes into the rotor chamber 33. As shown in FIG. 6, the centrifuge 30 includes a control unit 38, a calculation unit 38 a, and a storage device 38 b that receive a signal from the magnetic sensor 37 and controls the entire centrifuge. .
磁気センサ３７ａ付近をロータ１に取付けられた磁性体（磁石）が通過すると、磁気センサ３７ａから制御部３８に信号が送信される。この信号を元に制御部３８は記憶装置３８ｂに記憶されているロータ１の許容最高回転速度や、現在の回転速度を演算部３８ａで算出し、さらに、許容最高回転速度及び図示されていない操作部から入力された設定回転速度を超えないように制御している。 When a magnetic body (magnet) attached to the rotor 1 passes in the vicinity of the magnetic sensor 37a, a signal is transmitted from the magnetic sensor 37a to the control unit 38. Based on this signal, the control unit 38 calculates the allowable maximum rotation speed of the rotor 1 and the current rotation speed stored in the storage device 38b by the calculation unit 38a, and further determines the allowable maximum rotation speed and an operation not shown in the figure. Control is performed so as not to exceed the set rotational speed input from the unit.
図１は本発明の実施例となる遠心機用ロータの右側半分の断面図（実際は中心軸１００を中心に左右対象の形状をしている。）である。図２は図１に示したロータ１の部分拡大断面図である。
図１に示すように、ロ−タ１は中心部にモータ３４の駆動軸３５と締結するためのカップリング部３ａを有する略円錐形状をしたロータボディ３と、ロータボディ３の上部に取付けられるカバー２とを有する。
ロータボディ３は、カバー２を取付けるためのネジ部３ｃを有し、左右対称に円筒状の試料体保持部３ｂを複数有している。この試料体保持部３ｂには、遠心分離する試料の入った試験管などの試料保持容器が挿入される。また図２に示すように、ロータボディ３の底面にはロータ１を識別するための磁石５がケース６に内包されて複数個圧入されている。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the right half of a centrifuge rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention (actually, it has a right / left shape around a central axis 100). FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the rotor 1 shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the rotor 1 is attached to a rotor body 3 having a substantially conical shape having a coupling portion 3 a for fastening with a drive shaft 35 of a motor 34 at the center, and an upper portion of the rotor body 3. And a cover 2.
The rotor body 3 has a screw portion 3c for attaching the cover 2, and has a plurality of cylindrical sample body holding portions 3b symmetrically. A sample holding container such as a test tube containing a sample to be centrifuged is inserted into the sample body holding portion 3b. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of magnets 5 for identifying the rotor 1 are enclosed in a case 6 and press-fitted into the bottom surface of the rotor body 3.
従来構造の場合は、図５に示すようにロータボディ５３の底面に加工された穴５７に磁石５を直接圧入するか、磁石５の外径より僅かに大きくなるように穴５７の内径を加工して、接着剤等を使用して磁石５を接着固定していた。このため、ロータ５１が回転するとロータボディ５３の穴５７内部で磁石５に遠心荷重が加わり、接着剤にせん断する力が加わる。接着剤のせん断強度内であれば、問題は発生しないが、接着剤の強度を超える遠心荷重が加わるような回転速度でロータ５１を運転した場合は、接着剤が剥がれて磁石５が脱落する恐れがある。また、磁石５が表面に露出しているため、腐食性の試料等が付着すると錆が発生しやすい状態になってしまう。 In the case of the conventional structure, as shown in FIG. 5, the magnet 5 is directly press-fitted into the hole 57 formed on the bottom surface of the rotor body 53, or the inner diameter of the hole 57 is processed so as to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the magnet 5. Then, the magnet 5 is bonded and fixed using an adhesive or the like. For this reason, when the rotor 51 rotates, a centrifugal load is applied to the magnet 5 inside the hole 57 of the rotor body 53, and a shearing force is applied to the adhesive. If it is within the shear strength of the adhesive, no problem occurs, but if the rotor 51 is operated at a rotational speed at which a centrifugal load exceeding the strength of the adhesive is applied, the adhesive may be peeled off and the magnet 5 may fall off. There is. Further, since the magnet 5 is exposed on the surface, if a corrosive sample or the like adheres, rust is likely to occur.
本発明の構造の場合は、図１および図２に示すようにロータボディ３の穴７に磁石５を挿入したケース６を圧入しロータボディ３に取付ける。このため、ケース６と穴７の圧入代を適正に保てば遠心荷重により磁石５が剥がれる現象は発生しなくなる。これにより、サマリウム−コバルトやネオジウム磁石等の希土類磁石が使用することができる。 In the case of the structure of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. For this reason, if the press-fitting allowance between the case 6 and the hole 7 is properly maintained, the phenomenon that the magnet 5 is peeled off due to the centrifugal load does not occur. Thereby, rare earth magnets such as samarium-cobalt and neodymium magnets can be used.
また、図３に示すようにケース６は、一端に閉塞面６ａを設け、その対面側は開放端にした円筒部６ｂで形成すれば、ロータボディ３に圧入した後は磁石５は外気と直接接触しなくなるため、磁石５に腐食性の試料等が付着することはないため、錆を防止することができる。この時、ケース６の内径は磁石５の外径よりも僅かに大きくなるように設定する。ケース６を穴７に圧入するとケース６の円筒部６ｂの径が縮小し、ケース６の円筒部６ｂにより磁石５が拘束される。なお、閉塞面６ａの厚みｔは磁石５の発する磁力線をできるだけ遮らないように強度が許す限り薄く設定することが望ましい。 Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the case 6 is provided with a closed surface 6a at one end and the opposite side is formed by a cylindrical portion 6b having an open end. Since it does not contact, a corrosive sample or the like does not adhere to the magnet 5, so that rust can be prevented. At this time, the inner diameter of the case 6 is set to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the magnet 5. When the case 6 is press-fitted into the hole 7, the diameter of the cylindrical portion 6 b of the case 6 is reduced, and the magnet 5 is restrained by the cylindrical portion 6 b of the case 6. The thickness t of the closing surface 6a is desirably set as thin as possible so as not to block the magnetic lines of force generated by the magnet 5 as much as possible.
さらに、ケース６を、ロータボディ３を構成する素材と同等の比重又はそれ以下の比重の素材で構成すれば、ロータボディ３に加工された穴７内部の応力を低減することが可能となる。
例えば、磁石５の大きさが外径４．０ｍｍ×長さ５．０ｍｍの円柱形状で構成されている場合、ケース６にアルミニウム合金（比重２．８）を使用して、磁石５（比重８．０）を外径２．０ｍｍ×長さ４．０ｍｍの大きさでケース６に内包するように構成すると、穴７に負荷される遠心荷重は従来形状で構成した場合の約５０%に軽減することが可能となる。ここで、上記の構成とする場合、ケース６に強磁性体を用いると内包する磁石５の磁力線が外部に到達しなくなるため不適である。
例ではアルミニウム合金を用いているが、磁性を示さない素材であれば高分子材料等を用いても同様の効果を得ることができる。
Furthermore, if the case 6 is made of a material having a specific gravity equal to or lower than that of the material constituting the rotor body 3, it is possible to reduce the stress inside the hole 7 processed in the rotor body 3.
For example, when the size of the magnet 5 is a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter of 4.0 mm and a length of 5.0 mm, an aluminum alloy (specific gravity 2.8) is used for the case 6 and the magnet 5 (specific gravity 8). 0.0) is enclosed in the case 6 with a size of outer diameter 2.0 mm × length 4.0 mm, the centrifugal load applied to the hole 7 is reduced to about 50% of the conventional configuration. It becomes possible to do. Here, in the case of using the above-described configuration, it is not appropriate to use a ferromagnetic material for the case 6 because the magnetic lines of force of the included magnet 5 do not reach the outside.
Although an aluminum alloy is used in the example, the same effect can be obtained even if a polymer material or the like is used as long as the material does not exhibit magnetism.
１ ロータ、２ カバー、２ａ ネジ部、３ ロータボディ、３ａ カップリング部、
３ｂ 試料体保持部、３ｃ ネジ部、５ 磁石、６ 外殻、６ａ 閉塞面、６ｂ 内径部、７ 穴、
３０ 遠心機、３１ 仕切板、３２ ドア、３３ ロータ室、３４ 駆動装置、３５ 駆動軸、
３６ モータ支持部材、３７ 磁気センサ、３８ 制御部、３８ａ 演算部、３８ｂ 記憶装置
1 rotor, 2 cover, 2a screw part, 3 rotor body, 3a coupling part,
3b Sample body holding part, 3c screw part, 5 magnet, 6 outer shell, 6a closed surface, 6b inner diameter part, 7 holes,
30 Centrifuge, 31 Partition plate, 32 Door, 33 Rotor chamber, 34 Drive device, 35 Drive shaft,
36 motor support member, 37 magnetic sensor, 38 control unit, 38a calculation unit, 38b storage device
Claims (4)
該ロータボディを識別するための磁性体と、を有する遠心機用ロータであって、 A centrifuge rotor having a magnetic body for identifying the rotor body,
一方の端部に閉塞部を有し、他方の端部は開放した筒形状のケースを有し、 One end has a closed portion, the other end has an open cylindrical case,
前記ケースに前記磁性体を収容し、前記閉塞部により前記凹部の開放側を塞ぐように前記ケースを前記ロータボディの凹部に圧入したことを特徴とする遠心機用ロータ。 The centrifuge rotor, wherein the magnetic body is accommodated in the case, and the case is press-fitted into the concave portion of the rotor body so as to close the open side of the concave portion by the closing portion.
前記ロータを回転駆動する駆動装置と、
前記ロータを収納するロータ室と、
前記ロータ室上部を開閉可能に設けられたドアと、
前記磁性体から情報を検出する磁気センサと、
前記磁気センサからの信号に基づいて前記ロータボディを識別する制御部とを備えたことを特徴とする遠心機。 A rotor body that holds a sample container and has a recess on the bottom surface, a magnetic body for identifying the rotor body, a cylindrical case that has a closed portion at one end, and an open end at the other end A rotor configured to house the magnetic body in the case, and press-fit the case into the recess of the rotor body so as to close the open side of the recess by the closing portion;
A driving device for rotationally driving the rotor;
A rotor chamber for housing the rotor;
A door provided to open and close the upper portion of the rotor chamber;
A magnetic sensor for detecting information from the magnetic material;
And a control unit that identifies the rotor body based on a signal from the magnetic sensor.
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