JP5161002B2 - Perimeter, visual field measurement program, and storage medium storing the program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention sequentially displays the target in the visual field of the subject by the display means, makes the subject input a response indicating that the target is visually recognized, and inspects the subject's visual field depending on whether or not there is a response. It is related to the perimeter. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a visual field measurement program used for the perimeter and a computer-readable storage medium storing the program.

  As a conventional technique that is the background of the technique related to the perimeter of the present invention, for example, there are techniques described in Patent Documents 1 to 5 below.

  Patent Document 1 describes the configuration of an inspection device for retinal function having a visual field inspection function. In this configuration, a fixation target is displayed at a predetermined position on the liquid crystal display screen, and an inspection target is displayed around the fixation target. Then, a visual recognition signal indicating that the subject has visually recognized the inspection target is input, and the visual field function is determined based on the visual recognition signal. The following plural methods are described as the method of displaying the inspection target.

1. Display one or two small circular dots in different positions one after the other,
2. Display the target with a circular shape centered on the fixation target and a part of the target separated by changing the diameter or position of the separation part.
3. A C-shaped target lacking a part of an arc is displayed alone or in combination with a ring-shaped target not missing.
4). Display a combination of correct # and distorted # targets.
5. Display two kinds of animal patterns alternately (the patterns may be other characters such as prominent characters or floral patterns).

  In the configuration of the perimeter described in Patent Document 2, a measurement surface is displayed on a liquid crystal display, a fixation point is displayed at the center of the measurement surface, and a target that moves spirally around the fixation point is displayed. To do. When the target is visible without feeling abnormal, or when the visual sense is abnormal, a signal is input by pressing a button on the operation unit. By inputting the signal, the position data of the visual target at that time is detected, converted into visual field data, and output. It is described that the target is usually circular, but its size and shape can be arbitrarily changed or selected.

  Patent Document 3 describes a configuration of a visual field measurement device that performs flicker visual field measurement. In this configuration, flicker visual field measurement is performed by alternately displaying the first and second targets having the same size and different colors on the display surface of the CRT so as to overlap each other without shifting.

  Patent Document 4 describes a configuration of an ophthalmic examination apparatus that displays a striped target on an eye to be examined and examines visual acuity. In this configuration, a measurement unit including a display unit that displays a visual target and an imaging unit that captures an anterior segment image of the subject's eye can be attached to the subject's head in a goggle shape.

Patent Document 5 describes a configuration of a visual acuity meter that can measure moving visual acuity and static visual acuity. In that configuration, the visual acuity is measured by alternatively displaying four types of visual targets each formed by cutting out a part of an arc and having the notches shifted by 90 degrees. Further, it is described that voice guidance for explaining an operation method and the like is given to a subject in a measurement operation.
JP 2002-209849 A JP 2007-75350 A Japanese Patent No. 3974704 JP-A-11-225964 JP 11-137519 A

  In the conventional perimeter including the perimeter described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, basically, the same target (not only one type but also two types as in Patent Document 1) are sequentially positioned at different positions. Or display continuously moved. For this reason, in the course of visual field inspection, the subject can only be aware of whether or not the visual target has been visually recognized. That is, even if there is a visual field defect, it is not possible to recognize it specifically well. For this reason, there is a problem that even if the test result is presented, it is difficult to understand.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a perimeter, a visual field measurement program, and a visual field measurement program capable of making a subject more easily aware of his / her visual field defect more easily in the course of visual field inspection and making the inspection result easier to understand. To provide a storage medium readable by a computer storing a program.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides:
A perimeter that changes the display position of the visual target and measures the visual field of the subject based on the response from the subject to the visual target at each display position,
Display means for displaying characters as targets,
Control means for changing and controlling the target character to a different target character each time the display position of the target character changes,
Recording means for recording a response from the subject,
The target character is sequentially displayed by changing the display position, and the response of the subject to the target character changed every time the display position is changed and the display position of the target character are recorded in association with each other. To do.

The present invention also provides:
A visual field measurement program that changes the display position of the visual target and measures the visual field of the subject based on the response from the subject to the visual target at each display position,
A procedure for displaying characters as targets,
A procedure for changing the target character to a different target character each time the display position of the target character changes;
Recording a response from the subject, and
The target character is sequentially displayed by changing the display position, and the response of the subject to the target character changed every time the display position is changed and the display position of the target character are recorded in association with each other. To do.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, in the visual field inspection, characters are sequentially displayed as targets in different positions, and the target characters are changed every time the display position is different. For example, the target character is a number or an alphabet, and each time the display position of the target character is changed, a different number or alphabet is displayed according to the order of the numbers or the alphabetical order. The subject responds to the target character that is changed each time the display position is changed, and the presence or absence of the response is recorded in association with the display position of the target character. The subject can easily recognize that there is a target character that could not be visually recognized, so it can easily recognize that there is a visual field defect, and it can be recorded, so an effective visual field inspection is possible. It becomes.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows the entire configuration of the perimeter of the embodiment of the present invention. The perimeter includes a personal computer 1, a goggle display (hereinafter simply referred to as goggles) 2, and a response switch 3. The goggles 2 and the response switch 3 are connected to the personal computer 1.

  The personal computer 1 executes a visual field measurement program installed in the personal computer via a storage medium such as a CD-ROM or the Internet, for example, according to the input from the subject by the CPU 100 of the personal computer 1 (see FIG. 2). The visual field inspection is performed automatically. The personal computer 1 includes a display 109 as display means for displaying various data, and a keyboard 111 as input means for an operator (examinee) to input various data.

  The goggle 2 is a display means for displaying a fixation lamp indicating a fixation point in the field of view of the subject and displaying characters at different positions by sequentially changing characters as a visual target. Objective lenses 200 and 200 'are provided on the rear surface. In addition, an elastic band 2a is attached to the back side of the main body, and the subject puts his head inside the band 2a, with the left and right sides facing the objective lenses 200 and 200 ', and the goggles 2 Can be worn on the head, and the subject wearing the goggles 2 visually recognizes the visual target sequentially displayed at a predetermined visual field position of the subject.

  The response switch 3 is an input means for inputting, to the personal computer 1, a response indicating that the visual target is visually recognized for each of the visual targets on which the subject is displayed during the visual field inspection.

  FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the personal computer 1. The CPU 100 (control means) is connected to various elements via the system bus 101, executes various control programs and the visual field measurement program of the present invention, and performs various arithmetic processes and data processes. The ROM 102 stores a control program, fixed data, and the like, and the RAM 103 is used as a working memory that temporarily stores the control program, the visual field measurement program, and various processing data.

  To the CPU 100, an HD (hard disk) drive 104 and a CD drive 106 are connected as external storage devices via respective controllers 105 and 107, and a timer 108 as timing means is connected. The personal computer 1 can also be connected to the Internet via the network interface 118.

  A display 109, a keyboard 111, a printer 4, and a speaker 114 are connected to the CPU 100 via respective controllers or interfaces 110, 112, 113, and 115, and the goggle 2 and the response switch 3 are connected to an external interface 116 such as a USB interface. , 117 are connected. The speaker 114 outputs guidance at the time of visual field measurement, which will be described later, as sound.

  Next, FIG. 3 illustrates the configuration of an optical system and the like provided in the main body of the goggles 2. The components of the optical system are arranged symmetrically for the left and right eyes E and E ′ of the subject P. That is, objective lenses 200 and 200 ′, mirrors 201 and 201 ′, movable lenses 202 and 202 ′ for diopter adjustment, and LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) 203 as display means, in this order from the eye to be examined E and E ′. 203 'is arranged. In addition, a display control circuit 204 that controls the driving of the LCDs 203 and 203 ′ and displays images such as a fixation lamp and a target is provided. Furthermore, lens driving means 205 and 205 ′ for moving the movable lenses 202 and 202 ′ along the optical path are provided.

  The CPU 100 can sequentially change the display position of the character displayed as the visual target within the field of view of the subject according to a predetermined rule (program), and each time the display position changes, the character as the visual target is changed. Can be changed. The target character changed in this way is displayed on the LCD 203 or 203 ′ via the display control circuit 204. Further, a fixation lamp for fixing the subject is also displayed on the LCD 203 or 203 ′ by the personal computer 1 via the display control circuit 204. These target characters and fixation lamp images pass through the movable lens 202 or 202 ′, are reflected by the mirror 201 or 201 ′, pass through the objective lens 200 or 200 ′, and pass through the pupil of the eye E or E ′ to be examined. An image is formed in the vicinity. As a result, the eye E or E ′ can visually recognize the displayed fixation lamp or target character.

  The subject P can move the movable lenses 202 and 202 ′ via the lens driving means 205 or 205 ′ by operating an operation switch (not shown) provided on the main body of the goggles 2. It is possible to visually recognize a fixation lamp, a visual target or the like with a diopter that matches the diopter of E or E ′.

  Next, the visual field measurement operation of the perimeter of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the visual field measurement program executed by the CPU 100.

  The screens of FIGS. 5 to 11 are simultaneously displayed on the display 109 of the personal computer 1 and the LCDs 203 and 203 ′ of the goggles 2, respectively, and the subject views the screen via the LCDs 203 and 203 ′ after wearing the goggles 2. become.

  First, a start screen 501 shown in FIG. 5 is displayed on the display 109 (step S1). When any key on the keyboard 111 is pressed, it is displayed that the visual field inspection is started, and this is instructed by voice.

  When the subject who sees this presses any key, as shown in FIG. 6, a description 502 of how to wear the goggles 2 is displayed on the display 109, and the wearing method is explained by voice guidance. (Step S2).

  Subsequently, a fixation explanation screen 503 shown in FIG. 7 appears (step S3). For example, a red fixation lamp 601 blinks and is displayed at the center of the yellow screen 600, and “first appears at the center of the screen”. Please watch the flashing "and the audio output.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 8, a target explanation screen 504 appears (step S4), and a screen display and voice guidance “Please press the response switch when a number appears” are performed.

  Subsequently, a screen 505 as shown in FIG. 9 appears, and a method for selecting the eye to be examined as the right eye or the left eye is displayed, and this is guided by voice (step S5).

  Subsequently, a character as a target, that is, the number N is set to 1 (step S7), and the screen 506 shown in FIG. 10 is displayed, and the number N (reference numeral 602) is a predetermined display position of the number N. (Step S8). As will be described below, the numbers N (= 2, 3, 4) sequentially appear at the display positions of the numbers N.

  In addition, the display of the number as the target here is that the number is the display position of that one place, and at the beginning, it rotates at a predetermined speed, that is, it rotates, and then the rotation gradually slows down and stops. It is good to display it. Further, the operation of alternately reversing the vertical and horizontal directions at the same position may be displayed so as to be gradually delayed and stopped. This is to make the visual target stand out. The color of the number is different from the background color and the color of the fixation lamp. For example, the background color is yellow, the fixation lamp is red, and the number is blue. Also, the number form is not limited to a simple number, and various forms such as a circled number and a black and white inverted version thereof are possible.

  Subsequently, when a predetermined time Ti has elapsed (step S9), it is confirmed whether or not there has been a response by the response switch 3 during that time (step S10).

  When there is a response from the response switch 3, an index with a response is generated (step S11), and when there is no response, an index without a response is generated (step S12). The presence or absence of a response to the number N is associated and recorded in the RAM 103 (step S13). In this case, since the display positions of the numbers N and the numbers N have a unique relationship, the numbers N and the presence / absence of a response to the numbers N may be recorded in association with each other.

  In the subsequent step S14, N is incremented by “1”, and the incremented number N is displayed at a different position.

  Next, in step S15, it is determined whether or not N = Nmax + 1. If not, the process returns to step S8, and the loop processing of steps S8 to S15 is repeated.

  By this loop processing, the numbers are displayed at different positions up to the maximum value Nmax, such as 1, 2, 3, 4,. This state is illustrated in FIG. 10, and the display position changes each time the number is changed. In other words, each time the display position changes, the number is changed to an incremented number. In FIG. 10, each number is displayed. However, when one number is displayed, other numbers may be deleted.

  If N = Nmax + 1 is determined in the determination in step S15, the process proceeds to step S16, where an end screen 507 shown in FIG. 11 appears, and a display and voice announcement for informing the subject of the end of the examination are performed. At this time, the number of no response stored in the RAM 103 is read and displayed as an inspection result. FIG. 11 shows a case where there is no response to the number 3, which is displayed on the screen 600 together with the fixation lamp 601 and the number 3 (reference numeral 603) at the display position where the number 3 is displayed.

  Further, on this end screen 507, a message prompting the user to select whether to re-examine with the same eye, to change the eye, or to end the examination is displayed, and the message is voiced. Is output.

  Next, when there is a key input for selecting reexamination with the same eye (step S17), the process returns to step S7 to perform reexamination, while on the other hand, a key input for selecting to change the eye for inspection If there is, the process of changing the eye to be inspected is performed, and the processes after step S7 are performed (steps S18 and S19). When the key for ending the inspection is operated, or when a predetermined time Te has elapsed since the end screen is displayed (steps S20 and S21), the screen returns to the start screen of step S1 or the visual field measurement program. To exit.

  In the above-described embodiment, when the number 3 cannot be visually recognized, the subject visually recognizes the numbers 1 and 2 in the process of sequentially displaying the numbers that increase by 1 sequentially at different positions. Since 4 is visually recognized, it is easily recognized that the number 3 cannot be visually recognized from the ascending order of the numbers, and a visual field defect is found at the position where the number 3 is displayed. If the display position of the number 3 that could not be visually recognized is displayed in association with the fixation position 601 as shown in FIG. 11, the visual field defect position can also be known, so that a simple and effective visual inspection can be performed. .

  In this embodiment, numbers are displayed as targets in the ascending order one character at a time in ascending order. However, the characters of the target are not limited to numbers, and for example, alphabetic characters a, b, c , D,... May be displayed at different positions in alphabetical order. In addition, each character of Katakana or Hiragana may be changed in order of Ilohanihoheto or Iweo, and displayed at different positions. In short, every time the display position of a character changes regardless of the type of character, the character may be changed and displayed according to a predetermined order known for the character type.

  Further, the display position of each index character is preferably set to a position where an arc is drawn around a macular portion (fixed viewpoint) 601 corresponding to the position of the fixation lamp as shown in FIG.

  Further, the time interval for changing to a different target character may be fixed or random. In the case of randomization, the subject predicts that the target character is changed and prevents the response target switch from responding to the prediction even though the changed target character cannot be recognized. be able to.

  In the embodiment, the field of view is measured via the goggles 2, but the field of view may be measured according to the visual target displayed on the display 109. However, since the goggles 2 are mounted on the subject's head and the main body is fixed to the face, even if the subject moves the face, the display position of the target or the like is relatively relative to the eye to be examined. There is an advantage that the visual field inspection can be performed accurately without deviation. In addition, since the objective lens can be arranged immediately before the eye to be examined, there is an advantage that a target can be displayed over a wide field of view even with a small and inexpensive configuration.

  Note that the perimeter of the present invention is not limited to the one composed of the general-purpose personal computer 1 and the goggles 2 as in the embodiment, or the one composed only of the personal computer 1, for example, the device described in Patent Document 3 As described above, it may be configured as a device dedicated to visual field measurement, in which a display unit is incorporated and an eyepiece unit is provided and is configured integrally as a whole.

  In the embodiment, the inspection result is merely displayed on the LCDs 203 and 203 ′ and the display 109. However, the inspection result may be displayed and printed by the printer 4 and output. Further, sound may be output from the speaker 114.

  Further, a speaker may be provided in the goggles 2. During the examination, it is effective to play BGM, which is often used for video games, from the speaker so that the subject can concentrate.

It is a perspective view which shows the whole structure of the perimeter by the Example of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the personal computer 1 in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the goggles 2 in FIG. It is a flowchart figure which shows the control procedure by the control program of the perimeter of an Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the start screen displayed for the start of a visual field inspection. It is explanatory drawing which shows the display of description of the wearing method of goggles. It is explanatory drawing which shows the display of description of fixation. It is explanatory drawing which shows how to look at the number of a target, and the response method with respect to it. It is explanatory drawing of the method of selecting the eye to test | inspect. It is explanatory drawing which shows the method of the display of the number of a target, and the response to it. It is explanatory drawing which shows the completion | finish screen displayed at the time of completion | finish of a visual field inspection.

Explanation of symbols

1 PC 2 Goggles display 3 Response switch 4 Printer 100 CPU
102 ROM
103 RAM
104 HD drive 106 CD drive 108 Timer 109 Display 111 Keyboard 114 Speaker 200, 200 'Objective lens 201, 201' Mirror 202, 202 'Movable lens 203, 203' LCD
204 Display control circuit 205, 205 ′ Lens driving means

Claims (10)

A perimeter that changes the display position of the visual target and measures the visual field of the subject based on the response from the subject to the visual target at each display position,
Display means for displaying characters as targets,
Control means for changing and controlling the target character to a different target character each time the display position of the target character changes,
Recording means for recording a response from the subject,
The target character is sequentially displayed by changing the display position, and the response of the subject to the target character changed every time the display position is changed and the display position of the target character are recorded in association with each other. Perimeter.   2. The perimeter according to claim 1, wherein each time the display position of the target character is changed, the target character is changed in accordance with a predetermined order that is known for the character type.   The target characters are numbers, alphabets, hiragana or katakana, and each time the display position of the target characters is changed, the target characters are displayed in numerical order, alphabetical order, hiragana order, or katakana order. The perimeter according to claim 1 or 2.   The perimeter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a time interval for changing the display position of the target character is random.   The perimeter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the display means is a display screen of a computer, and the control means is constituted by software of a computer. A visual field measurement program that changes the display position of the visual target and measures the visual field of the subject based on the response from the subject to the visual target at each display position,
A procedure for displaying characters as targets,
A procedure for changing the target character to a different target character each time the display position of the target character changes;
Recording a response from the subject, and
The target character is sequentially displayed by changing the display position, and the response of the subject to the target character changed every time the display position is changed and the display position of the target character are recorded in association with each other. A visual field measurement program.   The visual field measurement program according to claim 6, wherein each time the display position of the target character is changed, the target character is changed according to a predetermined order that is well-known for the character type.   The target characters are numbers, alphabets, hiragana or katakana, and each time the display position of the target characters is changed, the target characters are displayed in numerical order, alphabetical order, hiragana order, or katakana order. The visual field measurement program according to claim 6 or 7.   The visual field measurement program according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein a time interval for changing the display position of the target character is random.   The storage medium which stored the visual field measurement program of any one of Claim 6 to 9.