JP5160664B2 - Railway vehicle - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a railway vehicle in which noise generated as a result of traveling of the railway vehicle is reduced, and more particularly to a railway vehicle that exhibits a sound absorbing effect without using a sound absorbing material such as glass wool or urethane foam.

  With respect to noise generated as a result of running of a railway vehicle, there have been proposed railway vehicles in which various modifications have been made to the vehicle body structure. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the railway vehicle disclosed in Patent Document 1 below relates to a floor receiver 102 that supports a floor plate 101, and a sound absorbing material in a space surrounded by side plates 111 and 112 in which a plurality of sound absorbing holes 115 are formed. The one filled with 113 is disclosed. According to this, when the sound generated or invaded in the floor is incident on the air layer formed in the floor receiver 102 by the side plates 111 and 112 through the sound absorption holes 115, the sound is caused by the viscosity of the air and the friction against the floor receiver. It is absorbed as heat and the sound pressure energy is reduced.

Further, in the railway vehicle of Patent Document 2 below, a sound absorbing structure panel 120 shown in FIG. 8 is provided on the inner side surface of the side skirt. In the sound absorbing structure panel 120, a honeycomb core material 124 having a honeycomb structure is sandwiched between face plates 122 and 123 in which a large number of sound absorbing holes 121 are formed. According to this, the contact sound between the wheels and the rails by the traveling of the railway vehicle is absorbed by the sound absorbing structure panel 120, and the noise emitted from the railway vehicle is suppressed.

JP-A-11-321641 JP 2007-1375 A

However, since conventional railcars are configured by adding special elements such as the floor receiver 102 and the sound absorbing structure panel 120 in order to form the sound absorbing structure, the structure becomes complicated and the cost increases. It was. Further, in a railway vehicle using a sound absorbing material such as glass wool, when the vehicle itself is finally dismantled, it is necessary to remove the sound absorbing material in order to reuse the metal constituting the vehicle structure as a resource. Therefore, the railway vehicle using the sound absorbing material has been costly and troublesome for the dismantling process.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a railway vehicle that exhibits a sound absorption effect with a simple configuration in order to solve the above-described problems.

The railway vehicle according to the present invention has a hollow structure wall member in which a plurality of plate members are arranged in the plate thickness direction through a space, and one or more plate members constituting the wall member. A plurality of fine holes are formed in the air supply pipe, and an air supply pipe for feeding compressed air into the space surrounded by the plate material is inserted. By sending compressed air into the space when it rains, the compressed air flows from the inside of the wall member. The exhaust gas is exhausted through the fine holes.

  Further, the railway vehicle according to the present invention is a pantograph cover in which the wall member protrudes and is mounted on the roof, and the pantograph cover is a hollow structure in which a plurality of plate members are provided with spaces in the vehicle body width direction. It is preferable that the structure has a structure in which a plurality of fine holes are formed in one or more plate members positioned on the center side in the vehicle body width direction.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, for example, a pantograph cover having a hollow structure configured by arranging a plurality of plates in the width direction of the vehicle body can be simply obtained by simply forming fine holes in the plate without changing the conventional structure. With this configuration, it is possible to exhibit a sound absorbing effect and reduce noise in the passenger cabin and noise around the railway vehicle. Further, since a sound absorbing material such as glass wool is not required as in the prior art, the manufacturing cost is reduced and a troublesome separation process is not required when dismantling the railway vehicle. And since the rain water etc. which clog a micropore are blown off by sending compressed air into space and an opening state is maintained, it can be exhibited without impairing a sound-absorbing effect.

It is a figure of the 1st reference example which showed the sound-absorbing structure constituted in the side structure of a railway vehicle. It is a section perspective view of a structure for vehicles. It is a figure of the 2nd reference example which showed the sound-absorbing structure comprised in the side structure of a railway vehicle. It is a figure of the 3rd reference example which showed the sound-absorbing structure comprised in the interior board of a railway vehicle. It is a figure of the 4th reference example showing the sound absorption structure constituted in the skirt of a rail car. It is the figure of embodiment which showed the sound-absorbing structure comprised in the pantograph cover of a railway vehicle. It is the figure which showed the sound-absorbing structure of the floor receiver in the conventional railway vehicle. It is the figure which showed the sound absorption structure of the side skirt in the conventional railway vehicle.

  Next, an embodiment of a railway vehicle according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The present invention relates to a railway vehicle having a structure for exhibiting a sound absorbing effect with respect to a sound felt inside the vehicle and a sound felt outside the vehicle as the railway vehicle travels. In particular, the sound absorption effect is exhibited with the conventional vehicle structure as it is or with a simple configuration by adding a few members.

  The sound generated by the running of the railway vehicle includes the sound generated between the wheels and the rails and the driving sound of the driving motor installed on the carriage, in addition to the wind noise generated by the car body and the pantograph. First, FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a first reference example, and illustrates a sound absorbing structure that reduces sound transmitted into a passenger cabin. Specifically, it is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a part of a side structure constituting the vehicle structure.

  In high-speed railway vehicles such as the Shinkansen (registered trademark), extruded hollow shapes having a thickness of about 2 mm are used due to demands for weight reduction of the vehicle body. FIG. 1 is a view showing an extruded hollow member 10 constituting such a side structure and an interior plate 21 serving as a wall in the passenger compartment. The extruded hollow member 10 is obtained by extruding a light alloy material such as aluminum. The outer surface plate 11 and the inner surface plate 12 are connected by a plurality of ribs 13, and a space K <b> 1 is formed between the outer surface plate 11 and the inner surface plate 12. It is formed with.

  Here, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing the structure of the railway vehicle constituted by the extruded hollow member 10. In this vehicle structure 1, a side structure 3, a roof structure 4, and a not-shown wife structure are joined to a frame 2 constituting a floor surface. In particular, in the side structure 3 and the roof structure 4, a plurality of long extruded hollow members 10 having a predetermined width and having a length corresponding to one vehicle are arranged as illustrated, and are welded and joined along the longitudinal direction. The extruded hollow member 10 has a different surface shape depending on the position of the side beam portion, the waist plate portion, the window portion, the curtain plate portion, the eaves beam portion, etc., but the cross-sectional shape is the outer surface plate 11 as shown in FIG. This is common in that it is constituted by the inner surface plate 12 and the rib 13.

  In this reference example, the extruded hollow member 10 constituting the vehicle structure 1 has a diameter of about 0.1 to 1 mm, a hole interval of about 3 mm, and a plurality of fine holes (sound absorbing holes) 15 formed on the inner surface plate 12. (The same applies to the micropores in each reference example and embodiment described later). Therefore, the inner surface plate 12 which is a part of the extruded hollow shape member 10 constituting the vehicle structural body 1 becomes a micro perforated plate having a plurality of micro holes 15, and the space K2 between the inner surface plate 12 and the inner surface plate 12 is interposed. The arranged interior board 21 is configured to function as a sound insulation board.

  Therefore, when the noise generated by traveling the vehicle is transmitted from the direction indicated by the arrow S to the inside of the vehicle, the sound transmitted through the outer plate 11 vibrates the air in the space K1 by the pressure, and the vibrated air passes through the fine holes 15. And move to the space K2. At that time, friction is generated by the fine holes 15 and the sound energy is changed to heat energy. Further, the air that has passed through the fine holes 15 is disturbed in the vicinity of the fine holes 15 to generate vortices, and the pressure is reduced. Thus, sound is absorbed by the vibrated air passing through the inner surface plate 12 which is a fine perforated plate, and sound insulation is performed by the interior plate 21 before it is transmitted to the cabin.

  By the way, although the vehicle structure 1 is configured by joining a plurality of extruded hollow shapes 10, all the extruded hollow shapes 10 may be formed by forming fine holes 15 in the inner surface plate 12. . On the other hand, this reference example is intended to reduce the sound outside the vehicle that passengers feel in the cabin. Therefore, among the plurality of extruded hollow members 10, the height at which the upper body of the passenger sitting on the seat is located, that is, the one located at the window opening 5, and the waist plate portion and the curtain plate portion located above and below the extruded portion. The micro holes 15 may be formed in the inner surface plate 12 only in the hollow shape member 10.

  Therefore, in the railcar of this reference example, the micro holes 15 are simply formed in the inner surface plate 12 as in the extruded hollow member 10 shown in FIG. 1 without changing the conventional structure of the extruded hollow member. With this simple configuration, the sound absorption effect can be demonstrated and the noise in the cabin can be reduced. Further, since a sound absorbing material such as glass wool is not required as in the prior art, the manufacturing cost is reduced and a troublesome separation process is not required when dismantling the railway vehicle.

  Next, a second reference example will be described. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a part of the side structure constituting the vehicle structure, and shows a sound absorbing structure for reducing sound transmitted into the passenger cabin, as in the first reference example. However, the railcar of the present reference example has a structure constituted by an outer plate 30 in which a bone member 32 having an L-shaped cross section is integrated with the face plate 31 by welding. An interior plate 22 is provided as a wall. An inner plate 33 in which fine holes 35 are formed is attached to the bone member 32 of the outer plate 30.

  In this case, the outer plate 30 and the inner plate 33 are formed of, for example, a stainless plate. However, since the inner plate 33 functioning as a fine perforated plate is not particularly limited in material for exhibiting the sound absorbing effect, a resin plate or the like may be used when the vehicle structure has sufficient rigidity. Good. In that case, it is desirable to have a simple mounting structure so that it can be easily removed during dismantling. Further, the inner plate 33 may be provided on the entire vehicle structure. However, from the viewpoint of cost and weight reduction, the inner plate 33 may be provided by specifying a position where the sound absorbing effect is desired for the passenger. desirable.

  Therefore, when the noise generated by the vehicle travels is transmitted from the direction indicated by the arrow S to the inside of the vehicle, the sound transmitted through the outer plate 30 vibrates the air in the space K11 by the pressure, and the vibrated air is fine holes 35. And move to the space K12. At that time, friction is generated by the fine holes 35, and the sound energy is changed to heat energy. Further, the air that has passed through the fine holes 35 is disturbed in the vicinity of the fine holes 35 to generate vortices, and the pressure is reduced. In this way, sound is absorbed by the vibrated air passing through the fine holes 35 of the inner plate 33, and further, sound insulation is performed by the interior plate 22 before it is transmitted to the cabin.

  Therefore, in the railway vehicle of the present reference example, the sound absorbing effect is exhibited by the simple configuration in which the fine holes 35 are formed while maintaining the structure in which the inner plate 33 is attached to the bone member 32 of the conventional outer plate 30. It was possible to reduce noise. Further, even a railway vehicle that does not include the inner plate 33 can achieve the sound absorption effect by a simple operation of simply attaching the inner plate 33 in which the fine holes 35 are formed. In addition, it is possible to suppress an increase in cost and weight by arbitrarily selecting a plate material for forming the inner plate 33 or limiting its attachment location.

  Next, a third reference example will be described. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a part of the side structure constituting the vehicle structure. As in the first reference example, the vehicle structure is constituted by an extruded hollow member. However, in this reference example, the sound-absorbing structure for absorbing the sound in the cabin is not intended for the transmitted sound from outside the vehicle. Therefore, the extruded hollow shape member 40 is left as it is, and a plurality of fine holes 25 are formed in the interior plate 23 that becomes a wall in the vehicle.

  Therefore, when the air vibrates in the direction indicated by the arrow S due to the vehicle interior sound, the vibrated air passes through the fine hole 25 and moves to the space K22. At that time, friction is generated by the fine holes 25, and the sound energy is changed to heat energy. In addition, the air that has passed through the fine holes 25 is disturbed in the vicinity of the fine holes 25 to generate vortices and reduce the pressure. In this way, sound is absorbed by the vibrated air passing through the fine holes 25 of the interior plate 23, and the sound reflected in the vehicle is reduced.

  Therefore, in the railway vehicle of this reference example, the conventional vehicle body structure is left as it is, and the simple structure in which the micro holes 25 are simply formed in the interior plate 23 allows the sound absorption effect to be exhibited and the noise in the vehicle to be reduced. . Further, since a material for exhibiting a sound absorbing effect such as glass wool is not required, the manufacturing cost is reduced and a troublesome separation process is not required when dismantling the railway vehicle.

  By the way, since the interior board 23 is directly seen by the passenger, it is not desirable in terms of design to form the micro holes 25 in the entire wall of the passenger cabin. Therefore, it is preferable that the interior plate 23 of the present reference example be provided on a ceiling or a lower side of the side surface that is not so noticeable to passengers, for example.

Next, a fourth reference example will be described. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a part of the skirt portion of the railway vehicle. The railcar is integrally attached with a strip-like skirt 50 so as to extend downward from the side beam 6 (see FIG. 2), and this skirt 50 covers a cart (not shown) that is a sound generation source. Yes.
In the skirt 50, an outer surface plate 51 curved downward and a flat middle plate 52 are integrally formed by a plurality of ribs 53, and flanges 54 protruding in an L shape are formed at the upper and lower ends. An inner side plate 55 is attached to the flange 54 inside the skirt 50.

  In this reference example, a plurality of micro holes 56 are formed in the inner side surface plate 55, and a plurality of micro holes 57 are also formed in the inner plate 52, and the inner side surface plate 55 and the inner plate 52 are configured as micro perforated plates. . Further, since the inner side surface plate 55 is in contact with the outside air, rainwater or the like may enter the spaces K31 and K32 in the skirt 50 from the fine holes 56. Therefore, a plurality of drain holes 58 are formed in the rib 53 and the flange 54 in the skirt 50.

  When the railway vehicle travels, a contact sound between the wheels and the rail and a sound from a drive motor mounted on the carriage are generated. These sounds are transmitted from the direction indicated by the arrow S by vibrating air to the skirt 50 at the lower end of the vehicle body. When the oscillated air passes through the minute hole 56 of the inner side surface plate 55 and moves to the space K31, friction is generated by the minute hole 56, and sound energy is converted into heat energy. At that time, the flow is disturbed in the vicinity of the fine holes 56 to generate vortices, thereby reducing the pressure.

  Furthermore, in this reference example, the air that vibrates in the space K31 passes through the fine holes 57 of the intermediate plate 52 and further moves to the space K32. Therefore, friction is also generated by the fine holes 57 here, and the sound energy is changed to thermal energy, and the flow is disturbed near the fine holes 57 to generate vortices, thereby reducing the pressure. In this way, sound is absorbed by the vibrating air passing through the fine holes 56 and 57 of the inner side plate 55 and the middle plate 52, and the sound reflected from the skirt 50 is reduced, and noise generated from the traveling railway vehicle is suppressed. It becomes possible.

  Therefore, in the railway vehicle of this reference example, the sound absorption effect is exhibited by a simple configuration in which the fine holes 56 and 57 are simply formed in the plate material such as the intermediate plate 52, and the noise generated from under the vehicle body can be reduced. And since the material for exhibiting a sound-absorbing effect, such as glass wool, is not required, the manufacturing cost is reduced and a troublesome separation process is not required when dismantling the railway vehicle.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a part of a pantograph cover of a railway vehicle. The railcar is provided with a pantograph (not shown) on the roof structure 4 (see FIG. 2), and a pantograph cover 60 is provided so as to sandwich the pantograph. The pantograph cover 60 has a sound absorbing structure for reducing wind noise generated from the pantograph.

  In the pantograph cover 60, an outer surface plate 61 whose upper surface is curved and a flat intermediate plate 62 are connected by a plurality of ribs 63, and flanges 64 protruding in an L shape are formed at the upper and lower ends. An inner side plate 65 is attached to the flange 64. Further, a base frame 69 is formed below, and is fixed to the mounting frame 28 on the roof structure 4.

In the pantograph cover 60, a plurality of fine holes 66 are formed in the inner side plate 65, and a plurality of fine holes 67 are also formed in the middle plate 62. The inner side plate 65 and the middle plate 62 are configured as fine perforated plates. . In addition, since the inner side surface plate 65 is in contact with the outside air, the rainwater blocks the fine holes 66 and 67 during rainy weather, thereby inhibiting the sound absorption effect. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the tip of the air supply pipe 29 penetrating the base frame 69 is inserted into the space K42 between the face plates 61 and 62, and a vent hole 68 that communicates the spaces K42 is formed.

  Therefore, when the pantograph wind noise is generated as the railway vehicle travels, these sounds are transmitted from the direction indicated by the arrow S by vibrating the air to the pantograph cover 60. When the oscillated air passes through the minute hole 66 of the inner side surface plate 65 and moves to the space K41, friction is generated by the minute hole 66, and sound energy is converted into heat energy. At that time, the flow is disturbed in the vicinity of the fine holes 66 to generate vortices, thereby reducing the pressure.

Further, the air that vibrates in the space K41 passes through the fine holes 67 of the intermediate plate 62 and moves to the space K42. Accordingly, friction is also generated by the fine holes 67 here, and the sound energy is changed to thermal energy, and the flow is disturbed near the fine holes 67 to generate vortices, thereby reducing the pressure.
In this way, sound is absorbed by the vibrating air passing through the fine holes 66 and 67 of the inner side surface plate 65 and the middle plate 62, the sound reflected from the pantograph cover 60 is reduced, and the noise emitted from the traveling railway vehicle is reduced. It becomes possible to suppress.

  By the way, during rainy weather, compressed air is supplied through the air supply pipe 29. The compressed air is sent into the space K42 from below as shown by arrows in the figure, and reaches the entire space K42 of the face plates 61 and 62 through the vent holes 68. The compressed air further passes through the fine holes 67 of the intermediate plate 62 and is sent into the space K41, and further passes through the fine holes 66 of the inner surface plate 65 and is exhausted. At this time, since the rainwater that clogs the fine holes 66 and 67 is blown off to maintain the open state, the above-described sound absorbing effect can be exhibited without loss.

  Therefore, in the railway vehicle of the present embodiment, the noise generated from the pantograph can be reduced by exhibiting the sound absorption effect with a simple configuration in which the fine holes 66 and 67 are simply formed in the plate material such as the intermediate plate 62. And since the material for exhibiting a sound-absorbing effect, such as glass wool, is not required, the manufacturing cost is reduced and a troublesome separation process is not required when dismantling the railway vehicle. Further, even when the inner side plate 65 is exposed to rainwater, the sound absorbing effect can always be exhibited by opening the micro holes 66 and 67 using compressed air.

As mentioned above, although embodiment of the railway vehicle which concerns on this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.
For example, you may make it comprise a micro perforated board about places other than having shown in the said embodiment, for example, a floor board.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle structure 2 Underframe 3 Side structure 4 Roof structure 10 Extrusion hollow shape material 29 Air supply pipe 60 Pantograph cover 61 Outer surface plate 62 Middle plate 63 Rib 64 Flange 65 Inner side surface plate 66, 67 Fine hole K41, K42 Space

Claims (2)

In a railway vehicle having a wall member having a hollow structure in which a plurality of plate members are arranged in the plate thickness direction through a space,
A plurality of fine holes are formed in one or two or more plate members constituting the wall member, an air supply pipe for sending compressed air to a space surrounded by the plate members is inserted, and the compressed air is sent into the space during rainy weather. Thus, the railway vehicle is characterized in that the compressed air is exhausted from the inside of the wall member through the fine hole. The railway vehicle according to claim 1,
The wall member is a pantograph cover that protrudes and is mounted on the roof, and the pantograph cover has a hollow structure in which a plurality of plate members are provided with a space in the vehicle body width direction, and has a center in the vehicle width direction. A railway vehicle, wherein a plurality of fine holes are formed in one or two or more plate members located on the side.

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