JP5160172B2 - Work machine parts - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a work machine member.

  A working machine such as a hydraulic excavator includes a main body and a work machine attached to the main body. The main body includes, for example, a lower traveling body and an upper revolving body that is mounted on the lower traveling body through a turning mechanism so as to be able to swivel. The work implement has a work implement member such as a boom and an arm, a bucket attached to the tip of the arm, and the like, and is attached to the upper swing body. Such a working machine can perform various operations by swinging the boom, arm, and bucket driven by a driving device such as a hydraulic cylinder.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, work implement members such as booms and arms that are part of the above work implements are formed by welding plate members. For example, in the boom shown in Patent Document 1, a pair of side plates, an upper surface plate, and a lower surface plate are combined and welded so as to have a square cross section. In a work implement member formed by welding plate materials like this boom, when a load is applied, shear deformation is likely to occur due to torsion, and when shear deformation occurs, high stress is generated in the welded portion. There is a fear. For this reason, in the boom of patent document 1, the partition plate is provided in the inside and, thereby, shear deformation is suppressed.
JP 2003-193512 A

  However, when the partition plate is provided inside the boom as described above, it is necessary to weld the inner surface of the boom and the entire circumference of the partition plate, which complicates the boom manufacturing process.

  The subject of this invention is providing the working machine member which can suppress shear deformation small and is easy to manufacture.

A working machine member according to a first invention is a working machine member having a polygonal cross section and having at least one corner joined by welding, and includes a pair of side plates, an upper surface part, and a lower surface part. . A pair of side plates is a plate-like member which is spaced apart, so that their spacing in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate position is greater than the mutual spacing in the other portion, bent at least one place each ing. The upper surface portion closes above the pair of side plates. A lower surface part closes the lower part of a pair of side plate. The pair of side plates each have a curved portion, a first straight portion, and a second straight portion. A curved part is a part which has the shape where the upper end part and the lower end part curved. The first straight portion is connected to the front end portion of the curved portion, and the upper end portion and the lower end portion are portions having a linear shape. The second straight portion is a portion that is connected to the rear end portion of the curved portion and has an upper end portion and a lower end portion that have a linear shape.

  In this working machine member, the bending of the side plate can increase the rigidity of the surface of the side plate. For this reason, a shear deformation can be suppressed small. In addition, it is easier to form a bend in the side plate than to weld a partition member inside the working machine member. Therefore, this working machine member can easily suppress the shear deformation and is easy to manufacture.

Moreover, in this working machine member, the curved part is provided between the 1st linear part and 2nd linear part which have a linear shape. In the side plate having such a shape, buckling is likely to occur in the curved portion. However, in the working machine member according to the present invention, the side plate can be increased in rigidity by forming the side plate as described above. The occurrence of buckling in the side plate can be suppressed.

A work implement member according to a second aspect of the present invention is the work implement member of the first aspect , wherein the pair of side plates are bent at at least one of the first straight portion and the second straight portion.

  In this working machine member, a bend for improving the rigidity of the side plate is formed in at least one of the first straight portion and the second straight portion. Since a relatively large stress is likely to occur in the curved portion, a decrease in the strength of the side plate can be suppressed by forming the bend while avoiding the curved portion.

A work implement member according to a third invention is the work implement member of the first invention or the second invention, and further includes a first bracket and a second bracket. The 1st bracket is attached to the upper surface part, and the 1st hole which lets the pin for attaching a hydraulic cylinder pass is provided. The second bracket is attached to the lower surface portion, and is provided with a second hole through which a pin for attaching a hydraulic cylinder is passed. And then. The pair of side plates are bent such that an imaginary straight line connecting the centers of the first hole and the second hole intersects with a bending peak in a side view.

  In this working machine member, a bending peak for improving the rigidity of the side plate is provided so as to intersect with a virtual straight line connecting the centers of the first hole and the second hole in a side view. Thereby, the intensity | strength of a side plate can be improved.

A work machine member according to a fourth invention is the work machine member according to any one of the first to third inventions, wherein the side plate is bent by welding a separate plate material at a predetermined angle. The

  In this working machine member, the bend for improving the rigidity of the side plate is formed by welding a separate plate member at a predetermined angle. For this reason, manufacture of a working machine member is easy.

A work implement member according to a fifth invention is the work implement member according to any one of the first to fourth inventions, wherein the pair of side plates includes a first plate-like member constituting the first straight portion and a second straight line. Each of the second plate-like member constituting the portion and the third plate-like member constituting the curved portion. The first plate-like member and the third plate-like member, and the second plate-like member and the third plate-like member have a distance between the pair of third plate-like members, and the front ends of the pair of first plate-like members. They are welded at a predetermined angle so as to be larger than the interval between the portions and the interval between the rear end portions of the pair of second plate-like members.

  In this work machine member, a bend is formed at the joint portion between the first plate member and the third plate member and the joint portion between the second plate member and the third plate member. Thereby, the rigidity of a side plate can be improved and shear deformation can be suppressed small. In addition, the formation of such a bend is easier than conventional welding of the partition member inside the working machine member. For this reason, this working machine member can suppress a shear deformation small and is easy to manufacture.

  In the work implement member according to the present invention, the side plate can be bent to increase the surface rigidity of the side plate. For this reason, a shear deformation can be suppressed small. In addition, it is easier to form a bend in the side plate than to weld a partition member inside the working machine member. Therefore, this working machine member can easily suppress the shear deformation and is easy to manufacture.

<overall structure>
A working machine 1 including a boom 4 as a working machine member according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The work machine 1 is a hydraulic excavator and includes a work machine 2 including a boom 4 and a main body 3 to which the boom 4 is attached.

  The main body 3 includes a lower traveling body 30 including a traveling device 31 driven by a traveling hydraulic motor, a turning device (not shown) driven by a turning hydraulic motor, and a lower portion via the turning device. An upper swing body 32 disposed on the traveling body 30 and a cab 33 provided at a front left position of the upper swing body 32 are provided.

  The work machine 2 is attached to the front center position of the upper swing body 32. The work implement 2 has a boom 4, an arm 8, and a bucket 9, and the boom 4, the arm 8, and the bucket 9 are connected to each other in turn from the upper swing body 32 side. Hydraulic cylinders (boom cylinder 18, arm cylinder 19 and bucket cylinder 20) are arranged so as to correspond to each of boom 4, arm 8 and bucket 9. The work machine 1 is provided with a hydraulic circuit (not shown), and oil discharged from a hydraulic pump driven by the engine is supplied to and discharged from the boom cylinder 18, arm cylinder 19, and bucket cylinder 20. Each hydraulic cylinder 18-20 is driven.

  The boom 4 has a bent outer shape, and one end of the boom 4 is attached to the main body 3. Specifically, one end of the boom 4 is rotatably attached to the upper swing body 32. The other end of the boom 4 is rotatably attached to the arm 8, and the boom 4 can be rotated around a rotation axis parallel to the horizontal direction by driving the boom cylinder 18. Thereby, the boom 4 can swing up and down with respect to the upper swing body 32. One end of an arm cylinder 19 is rotatably fixed to the upper surface of the boom 4. Further, one end of the boom cylinder 18 is rotatably fixed to the lower surface of the boom 4. The other end of the boom cylinder 18 is rotatably fixed to the upper swing body 32. The boom 4 will be described in detail later.

  The arm 8 is a member having a tapered outer shape, and is rotatably provided at the tip of the boom 4. The arm 8 can be rotated around a rotation axis parallel to the horizontal direction by driving the arm cylinder 19. Thereby, the arm 8 can swing with respect to the boom 4. One end of the bucket cylinder 20 is rotatably fixed to the upper surface of the arm 8. The other end of the arm cylinder 19 is rotatably fixed to the rear end portion of the arm 8.

  The bucket 9 is rotatably provided at the tip of the arm 8, and can be rotated around a rotation axis parallel to the horizontal direction by driving the bucket cylinder 20. Thereby, the bucket 9 can swing with respect to the arm 8. The other end of the bucket cylinder 20 is rotatably fixed to the rear end portion of the bucket 9.

<Configuration of boom 4>
As shown in FIG. 2, the boom 4 includes a boom body 10, a first bracket 11, a second bracket 12, a third bracket 13, and a fourth bracket 14.

[Boom body 10]
The boom main body 10 has a shape that is bent in the vertical direction at an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction, and is formed by joining a plurality of plate members by welding as shown in FIG. 3 is a III-III end view of the boom body 10 in FIG. Specifically, the boom body 10 has an upper surface portion 21, a lower surface portion 22, and a pair of side plates 23 and 24, which are combined so as to have a square cross section, and four corner portions are welded to each other. It is formed by bonding.

  The upper surface portion 21 is a plate-like member that closes the upper side of the pair of side plates 23 and 24, and has a shape that is convexly convex upward according to the curvature of the side plates 23 and 24.

  The lower surface portion 22 is a plate-like member that closes the lower side of the pair of side plates 23 and 24, and has a shape that is convexly convex upward in accordance with the curvature of the side plates 23 and 24.

  The pair of side plates 23 and 24 are plate-like members that are spaced apart from each other. As shown in FIG. 4, the side plates 23 and 24 are bent so that the interval at the intermediate position in the longitudinal direction is larger than the interval at other portions. Has the shape. Less than. One side plate of the pair of side plates 23 and 24 is referred to as a first side plate 23, and the other side plate is referred to as a second side plate 24.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the first side plate 23 includes a first straight portion 25, a second straight portion 26, and a curved portion 27.

  The first straight portion 25 is connected to the front end portion of the bending portion 27, and is configured by the first plate-like member 41. The first plate-like member 41 is a flat plate-like member. The first plate-like member 41 has a linear shape at the upper end and the lower end, and is tapered such that the distance between the upper end and the lower end decreases toward the front side (the third bracket 13 to which the arm 8 is attached). Has a shape.

  The second straight portion 26 is connected to the rear end portion of the bending portion 27 and is configured by a second plate-like member 42. The second plate-like member 42 is a flat plate-like member having a shape that is substantially symmetrical with the first straight portion 25. The second straight portion 26 has an upper end portion and a lower end portion that are linear, and the distance between the upper end portion and the lower end portion on the rear side (the fourth bracket 14 side attached to the main body portion 3 of the work machine 1) The taper has a tapered shape.

  The bending portion 27 is located between the first straight portion 25 and the second straight portion 26 and is configured by a third plate-like member 43. The third plate-like member 43 is a flat plate-like member and has a shape in which an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the upper end portion and an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the lower end portion are curved upwardly.

  The first plate member 41, the second plate member 42, and the third plate member 43 have the same plate thickness, but the plate thickness of the third plate member 43 is the same as the first plate member 41 and the second plate member. It may be larger than the plate thickness of 42.

  The first plate member 41 and the third plate member 43 are joined at a predetermined angle by welding, and the rear end portion of the first plate member 41 and the front end portion of the third plate member 43 are joined. ing. The second plate member 42 and the third plate member 43 are also joined by welding at a predetermined angle, and the front end portion of the second plate member 42 and the rear end portion of the third plate member 43 are joined. Yes. Here, a bent portion formed by joining the first plate-like member 41 and the third plate-like member 43 is called a first bent portion 44, and the second plate-like member 42 and the third plate-like member 43 are joined. The bent portion formed by the above is called a second bent portion 45.

  The first bent portion 44 is located in front of the curved portion of the upper end portion and the curved portion of the lower end portion of the curved portion 27, and spans the linear upper end portion and lower end portion of the first straight portion 25. Is provided. Further, the first bent portion 44 intersects a first imaginary straight line L1 that connects between the centers of a first hole 61 and a second hole 62, which will be described later, in a side view. That is, the first side plate 23 is bent at the first bent portion 44 so that the first imaginary straight line L1 and the mountain of the first bent portion 44 intersect in the side view.

  The second bent portion 45 is located on the rear side of the curved portion of the upper end portion and the curved portion of the lower end portion of the curved portion 27, and is formed between the linear upper end portion and the lower end portion of the second straight portion 26. It is provided over. In addition, the second bent portion 45 passes through the center of a second hole 62 described later in a side view and forms a predetermined angle θ (80 ° ≦ θ ≦ 100 °) with the upper end portion of the second straight portion 26. Intersects. That is, the first side plate 23 is bent at the second bent portion 45 so that the second imaginary straight line L2 and the mountain of the second bent portion 45 intersect in the side view.

  As described above, the first side plate 23 is bent as described above at each of the rear end portion of the first straight portion 25 and the front end portion of the second straight portion 26. The second side plate 24 has the same structure and has a symmetrical shape with the first side plate 23. That is, the second side plate 24 also includes a first plate member 51, a second plate member 52, and a third plate member 53, as shown in FIG. 1st bent part 54 and the 2nd bent part 55 of the front-end part of the 2nd plate-shaped member 52 have the shape bent. Further, the first side plate 23 and the second side plate 24 have a distance d3 between the pair of third plate members 43 and 53 such that the distance d1 between the front end portions of the pair of first plate members 41 and 51 The second plate-like members 42 and 52 are bent so as to be larger than the distance d2 between the rear end portions. Accordingly, the first plate-like members 41 and 51 are disposed so as to be inclined so that the distance between the front end sides of the first plate-like members 41 and 51 is smaller than the distance between the rear end sides in the top view. In addition, the second plate-like members 42 and 52 are arranged so as to be inclined so that the interval between the rear end sides of the second plate-like members 42 and 52 is smaller than the interval between the front end sides.

[First bracket 11 to fourth bracket 14]
The 1st bracket 11 is for attaching the arm cylinder 19, and is being fixed to the upper surface part 21, ie, the upper surface of the boom main body 10, by welding. More specifically, the first bracket 11 is provided across the curved portion 27 and the first straight portion 25 of the boom body 10 in a side view. The first bracket 11 is provided with a first hole 61 that penetrates the first bracket 11 in the horizontal direction. A fixing pin (not shown) for attaching the arm cylinder 19 to the boom 4 is passed through the first hole 61.

  The 2nd bracket 12 is for attaching the boom cylinder 18, and is being fixed to the lower surface part 22, ie, the lower surface of the boom main body 10, by welding. More specifically, the second bracket 12 is provided across the first straight portion 25, the curved portion 27, and the second straight portion 26 of the boom body 10 in a side view. The second bracket 12 is provided with a second hole 62 that penetrates the second bracket 12 in the horizontal direction. A fixing pin (not shown) for attaching the boom cylinder 18 to the boom 4 is passed through the second hole 62.

  The third bracket 13 is for attaching the boom 4 to the arm 8, and is attached to the front end portion of the boom body 10. The third bracket 13 is provided with a third hole 63 penetrating in the horizontal direction, and a fixing pin (not shown) for attaching the arm 8 to the boom 4 is passed through the third hole 63. .

  The fourth bracket 14 is for attaching the boom 4 to the main body 3 of the work machine 1, and is attached to the rear end of the boom main body 10. The fourth bracket 14 is provided with a fourth hole 64 penetrating the fourth bracket 14 in the horizontal direction. A fixing pin (not shown) for attaching the boom 4 to the main body 3 is passed through the fourth hole 64.

<Feature>
(1)
In the boom 4, by bending the pair of side plates 23 and 24, shear deformation due to torsion can be reduced, and the rigidity of the boom body 10 can be improved. Further, by providing the side plates 23 and 24 with bends, the rigidity of the surfaces of the side plates 23 and 24 can be increased, and the occurrence of buckling can be suppressed.

  FIG. 5 shows a simulation result obtained by analyzing the stress of each part in the boom 4 when a lateral pushing load (a load in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 2) is applied to the front end portion of the boom 4. In FIG. 5, the change of the stress of each part of the boom 4 is shown compared with the boom in which the side plates 23 and 24 are not provided with a bend. Here, the stress is reduced by 19% on the front side of the upper end portion of the curved portion 27 of the boom 4, and the stress is reduced by 11% on the rear side of the lower end portion of the curved portion 27. Further, the stress is reduced by 9% at the lower end portion of the first straight portion 25. Thus, in the boom 4 according to the present invention, the side plates 23 and 24 are provided with the bends, whereby the strength can be improved.

(2)
When a partition member is provided inside the boom body 10 as in a conventional boom, it is necessary to weld the entire circumference of the partition member and the inner surface of the boom body 10, which complicates the manufacturing process. Further, when the entire circumference of the partition member is joined by welding, stress concentrates on the toe of the welded portion, so that the plate thickness of the upper surface portion 21, the lower surface portion 22, and the side plates 23 and 24 is increased for reinforcement. There is a need. In this case, the weight of the boom increases.

  However, in the boom 4, as described above, the side plates 23 and 24 are provided with the first bent portions 44 and 54 and the second bent portions 45 and 55, so that the strength can be improved. For this reason, it is not necessary to provide a partition member for improving the strength, and the number of parts can be reduced. Moreover, the complicated manufacturing process for providing a partition member can be skipped, and manufacture of the boom 4 can be made easy. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to increase the plate thickness in consideration of stress concentration at the welded portion of the partition member, the weight of the boom 4 can be reduced.

<Other embodiments>
(A)
As shown in FIG. 6, a boom 5 in which the position of the second bent portion 45 is different from the boom 4 according to the above embodiment may be used. In the boom 5, the second bent portion 45 does not intersect the second imaginary straight line L <b> 2 and is located behind the second imaginary straight line L <b> 2. About another structure, it is the same as that of the boom 4 which concerns on said embodiment.

  Also in such a boom 5, as shown in FIG. 6, the stress which arises in the side plates 23 and 24 is falling compared with the boom in which the side plates 23 and 24 are not bent. Specifically, the stress is reduced by 7% at the lower end of the curved portion 27.

(B)
As shown in FIG. 7, a boom 6 in which the position of the first bent portion 44 is different from the boom 4 according to the above embodiment may be used. In this boom 6, the 1st bending part 44 does not cross | intersect the 1st virtual straight line L1, and is located ahead of the 1st virtual straight line L1. About another structure, it is the same as that of the boom 4 which concerns on said embodiment.

  Also in such a boom 6, as shown in FIG. 7, the stress which arises in the side plates 23 and 24 is falling compared with the boom in which the side plates 23 and 24 are not bent. Specifically, the stress is reduced by 10% at the upper end portion of the curved portion 27 of the boom 6. In addition, on the front side of the lower end of the curved portion 27, the stress is reduced by 6%.

(C)
In the above embodiment, the first bent portion 44 and the second bent portion 45 are provided on the first side plate 23 of the boom 4, but only one of the first bent portion 44 and the second bent portion 45 is provided. May be. Also in this case, compared to the case where the first side plate 23 is not bent, the rigidity of the first side plate 23 can be increased and the strength of the boom 4 can be improved. The same applies to the second side plate 24.

  In the above embodiment, the first side plate 23 is provided with two bends of the first bent portion 44 and the second bent portion 45. However, more bent portions may be provided. The same applies to the second side plate 24.

(D)
The bending of the side plates 23 and 24 is not limited to the shape in the above embodiment. For example, the side plates 23 and 24 may be bent so as to gently bulge outward.

(E)
In the above embodiment, the bending is formed by welding the separate plate-like members by welding at a predetermined angle, but the bending is formed by bending the integrated plate-like member with a press or the like. Also good.

(F)
In the above embodiment, the boom body 10 has a rectangular cross section, but may have another polygonal cross section such as a hexagonal cross section.

(G)
In the above embodiment, the boom main body 10 is formed by combining four separate members of the upper surface portion 21, the lower surface portion 22, and the pair of side plates 23 and 24 and joining the four corner portions by welding. Although comprised, not only when all the some corner | angular parts are welded, but at least 1 of the some corner | angular parts should just be joined by welding.

(H)
In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to the boom 4, but the present invention may be applied to the arm 8.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can effectively suppress shear deformation and has an effect of facilitating manufacturing, and is useful as a working machine member.

The external view of a working machine. The side view of a boom. The III-III end view of the boom main body in FIG. FIG. 4 is an IV-IV end view of the boom body in FIG. 2. The figure which shows the improvement result of the stress of each part of a boom. The side view of the boom which concerns on other embodiment. The side view of the boom which concerns on other embodiment.

4 Boom (work machine parts)
11 First bracket 12 Second bracket 21 Upper surface portion 22 Lower surface portion 23, 24 Side plate 25 First straight portion 26 Second straight portion 27 Curved portion 41 First plate member 42 Second plate member 43 Third plate member 61 1st hole 62 2nd hole

Claims (5)

A working machine member having a polygonal cross section and having at least one corner joined by welding,
A plate-like member which is spaced apart, so that their spacing in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate position is greater than the mutual spacing in the other portion, a pair of side plates that are bent at least one place each When,
An upper surface portion for closing the upper side of the pair of side plates;
A lower surface portion for closing a lower portion of the pair of side plates;
Equipped with a,
The pair of side plates includes a curved portion having a shape in which an upper end portion and a lower end portion are curved, a first straight portion connected to a front end portion of the curved portion, and an upper end portion and a lower end portion having a linear shape; A second linear portion connected to the rear end portion of the curved portion and having an upper end portion and a lower end portion each having a linear shape;
Work machine parts. The pair of side plates are bent at at least one of the first straight portion and the second straight portion,
The work machine member according to claim 1 . A first bracket attached to the upper surface portion and provided with a first hole for passing a pin for attaching a hydraulic cylinder;
A second bracket provided on the lower surface portion and provided with a second hole for passing a pin for attaching a hydraulic cylinder;
Further comprising
The pair of side plates are bent so that a virtual straight line connecting between the centers of the first hole and the second hole and a mountain of bending intersect in a side view,
The work machine member according to claim 1 or 2 . The bending of the side plate is formed by welding a separate plate material at a predetermined angle.
The work machine member according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . The pair of side plates includes a first plate member that constitutes the first straight portion, a second plate member that constitutes the second straight portion, and a third plate member that constitutes the curved portion, respectively. Have
The first plate-like member and the third plate-like member, and the second plate-like member and the third plate-like member are spaced apart from each other between the pair of third plate-like members. Welded at a predetermined angle so as to be larger than the interval between the front end portions of the shaped members and the interval between the rear end portions of the pair of second plate-like members,
The work machine member according to any one of claims 1 to 4 .

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