JP5157639B2 - Expandability evaluation method for sorting roadbed materials - Google Patents
Expandability evaluation method for sorting roadbed materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5157639B2 JP5157639B2 JP2008133761A JP2008133761A JP5157639B2 JP 5157639 B2 JP5157639 B2 JP 5157639B2 JP 2008133761 A JP2008133761 A JP 2008133761A JP 2008133761 A JP2008133761 A JP 2008133761A JP 5157639 B2 JP5157639 B2 JP 5157639B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- roadbed
- expansion
- ettringite
- test
- evaluation method
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 81
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001653 ettringite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Description
本発明は、コンクリート廃材、廃路盤材、スラグなどの材料から、路盤施工用の膨張率が小さい材料を選別するための膨張性評価方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an expansibility evaluation method for selecting a material having a small expansion coefficient for roadbed construction from materials such as concrete waste, waste roadbed material, and slag.
従来、再生路盤材等の路盤材において、使用した材料中に遊離ＣａＯが含まれる場合、水に触れると水和反応が生じて体積膨張を生じることがある。このため遊離ＣａＯを多く含む状態で路盤材に使用した場合には、異常膨張により路盤に凹凸が生じるなどの問題を引き起こすことがある。
このようなことから、遊離ＣａＯを含む可能性がある材料を路盤材に使用しようとする場合には、膨張を加速して評価する方法として、試験体を８０℃の温浴に浸漬し、膨張する材料であるかどうかを見極める手法が採られることが多い。
Conventionally, in roadbed materials such as recycled roadbed materials, when free CaO is included in the used material, a hydration reaction may occur when the water is touched, resulting in volume expansion. For this reason, when it is used for a roadbed material in a state containing a large amount of free CaO, problems such as irregularities in the roadbed may occur due to abnormal expansion.
For this reason, when a material that may contain free CaO is to be used for the roadbed material, as a method for accelerating the expansion, the test body is immersed in a 80 ° C. warm bath and expanded. In many cases, a method for determining whether or not the material is used is employed.
上述したように、これまでの路盤材の異常膨張は、路盤材中に含まれている遊離ＣａＯが水和する際に生じることが一つの原因と考えられていた。しかしながら、最近、８０℃の温浴中での水浸膨張が小さい材料であっても、路盤材として使用した場合に異常膨張を生じる問題が生じている。
したがって本発明の目的は、このような問題に鑑み、路盤材として使用した場合に異常膨張を生じない材料を選別するための膨張性評価方法を提供することにある。
As described above, the abnormal expansion of the roadbed material so far has been considered to be caused when free CaO contained in the roadbed material is hydrated. However, recently, there is a problem that even when a material having a small water immersion expansion in a warm bath at 80 ° C. is used as a roadbed material, abnormal expansion occurs.
Therefore, in view of such problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an expansibility evaluation method for selecting a material that does not cause abnormal expansion when used as a roadbed material.
本発明者らは、上述した路盤材の異常膨張の原因を解明すべく、膨張した路盤材を詳細に調査・検討した結果、エトリンガイト（3CaO・Al２O３・3CaSO４・32H２O）鉱物が生成する際に生じる膨張であることを突き止めた。一般的な膨張を加速評価する水浸膨張率の測定方法は、モールド内に路盤材料を充填して８０℃で養生した後の膨張を評価するものである。しかし、エトリンガイトは低温ほど生成しやすい傾向があり、また、一旦生成したエトリンガイトも６０℃程度の温度で分解・消失してしまうため、従来の水浸膨張率の測定方法では、エトリンガイトの生成による膨張は評価できなかったことが判った。 The present inventors, in order to elucidate the cause of the abnormality expansion of roadbed materials described above, expanded roadbeds a thorough review and study the results, ettringite (3CaO · Al 2 O 3 · 3CaSO 4 · 32H 2 O) Mineral Was found to be the expansion that occurs when it is produced. A general method of measuring the water expansion coefficient for accelerating evaluation of expansion is to evaluate the expansion after filling a roadbed material in a mold and curing at 80 ° C. However, ettringite tends to be easily generated at lower temperatures, and once generated ettringite decomposes and disappears at a temperature of about 60 ° C., the conventional method for measuring the water immersion expansion rate causes expansion due to the formation of ettringite. It was found that could not be evaluated.
エトリンガイトは針状の析出物であり、これが材料粒子間の間隙を押し広げるようにして析出・成長するため、膨張代も大きなものとなると考えられる。このため路盤の膨張・破壊形態も、遊離ＣａＯ系の局所的な膨張とは異なり、路盤が水平方向に膨張し、断層状に破壊されるような形態となることが判った。
本発明者らは、路盤材料について、上記のようなエトリンガイト系膨張を生じるか否かを適切に評価できる試験方法について検討を行い、その結果、有姿の材料または有姿の材料の粉砕品を分級して得られた細粒分を、エトリンガイトが分解消失しない温度で水浸膨張試験に供することにより、エトリンガイト系膨張性を適切に評価できることを見出した。
Ettringite is a needle-like precipitate, which precipitates and grows so as to push the gaps between the material particles, so the expansion allowance is considered to be large. For this reason, it has been found that, unlike the local expansion of the free CaO system, the roadbed expands / destructs in a form in which the roadbed expands in the horizontal direction and is broken in a fault shape.
The inventors of the present invention have studied a test method that can appropriately evaluate whether or not the ettringite-based expansion as described above occurs for the roadbed material, and as a result, a solid material or a pulverized product of the solid material is obtained. It was found that the ettringite-based expansibility can be appropriately evaluated by subjecting the fine particles obtained by classification to a water immersion expansion test at a temperature at which ettringite does not decompose and disappear.
本発明はこのような知見に基づきなされたもので、以下を要旨とするものである。
［1］評価すべき材料を篩目の開きが４．７５ｍｍ以下の篩で篩い分けし、篩下の材料を成型して試験体としたものを４０℃以下の水に保持して水浸膨張試験を行うことを特徴とする、路盤用材料を選別するための膨張性評価方法。
［2］上記［1］の膨張性評価方法において、試験体を２０〜３０℃の水に保持して水浸膨張試験を行うことを特徴とする、路盤用材料を選別するための膨張性評価方法。
［3］上記［1］または［2］の膨張性評価方法において、材料が、コンクリート廃材、廃路盤材、レンガ廃材、スラグ、砕石の中から選ばれる１種または２種以上からなることを特徴とする、路盤用材料を選別するための膨張性評価方法。
The present invention has been made on the basis of such findings and has the following gist.
[1] The material to be evaluated is sieved with a sieve having a sieve opening of 4.75 mm or less, and the material under the sieve is molded into a test specimen, which is kept in water at 40 ° C. or less and immersed in water. An expansibility evaluation method for selecting a roadbed material, characterized by performing a test.
[2] In the expansibility evaluation method of [1], the expansibility evaluation for selecting a roadbed material is characterized in that a test specimen is held in water at 20 to 30 ° C. and a water immersion expansion test is performed. Method.
[3] In the expansibility evaluation method according to [1] or [2] above, the material is composed of one or more selected from concrete waste, waste roadbed material, brick waste, slag, and crushed stone. And an expansibility evaluation method for selecting a roadbed material.
本発明によれば、コンクリート廃材やスラグなどの材料について、エトリンガイト系膨張性を適切に評価することができ、このため路盤材に適した材料を適切に選別することができる。 According to the present invention, ettringite-based expansibility can be appropriately evaluated for materials such as concrete waste and slag, and thus materials suitable for roadbed materials can be appropriately selected.
本発明の膨張性評価方法の対象となる材料としては、コンクリート廃材、廃路盤材、レンガ廃材、スラグ（ごみ溶融スラグ、鉄鋼スラグなど）、砕石などがあり、これらの中から選ばれる１種または２種以上からなる材料を対象とすることができる。
本発明の膨張性評価方法の対象となる材料は、単一種類の材料または予め複数種の材料（成分組成が異なる複数種の材料）を混合して、数ヶ月程度の十分な時間をおいた混合材料であってもよいが、このような材料は、エトリンガイトが生成するものであったとしても、路盤材として施工する前に主たるエトリンガイトが生成しまうことが多いため、路盤材として施工した後に、さほど重大な異常膨張が生じることは少ない。
Examples of materials that can be used for the expansibility evaluation method of the present invention include concrete waste materials, waste roadbed materials, brick waste materials, slag (garbage molten slag, steel slag, etc.), crushed stone, and the like. Materials composed of two or more types can be targeted.
The material which is the target of the expansibility evaluation method of the present invention is a single type of material or a mixture of a plurality of types of materials (a plurality of types of materials having different component compositions) and a sufficient time of about several months. Although it may be a mixed material, even if such a material is produced by ettringite, the main ettringite is often produced before construction as roadbed material, so after construction as roadbed material, It is rare that significant abnormal expansion occurs.
これに対して特に問題なのは、成分組成が異なる複数種の材料を混合して直ちに或いは短期間のうちに路盤材として施工するような場合である。このような場合には、個々の材料はエトリンガイトが生成しないようなものであっても、個々の材料から高濃度に溶出する特定成分が組み合わされることにより、路盤材として施工された後にエトリンガイトが生成することがある。例えば、成分組成が異なる複数種の材料を混合して路盤材として用いる場合、ある材料（例えば、コンクリート廃材など）からＣａイオン、ＳＯ４イオンが多量に供給され、別の材料（例えば、アルミナ系のレンガ廃材など）からＡｌ（ＯＨ）４イオンが多量に供給されたとすると、それらの反応によりエトリンガイトが生じることになる。したがって、本発明は、以上のような混合材料の膨張性評価方法として特に好適なものである。 On the other hand, there is a particular problem when a plurality of types of materials having different component compositions are mixed and applied as a roadbed material immediately or within a short period of time. In such cases, ettringite is generated after construction as a roadbed material by combining specific components that elute at a high concentration from individual materials, even if each material does not generate ettringite. There are things to do. For example, when a plurality of types of materials having different component compositions are mixed and used as a roadbed material, a large amount of Ca ions and SO 4 ions are supplied from one material (for example, concrete waste material) and another material (for example, alumina-based material). If a large amount of Al (OH) 4 ions are supplied from a waste brick material, etc., ettringite is generated by the reaction. Therefore, the present invention is particularly suitable as a method for evaluating the expansibility of the mixed material as described above.
本発明の膨張性評価方法では、評価すべき材料（例えば、有姿（利用有姿）の材料または有姿材料の粉砕品）を篩目の開きが４．７５ｍｍ以下の篩で篩い分けし、篩下の細粒分に対して水浸膨張試験（促進膨張試験）を行う。このように分級後の細粒分を用いることにより、短期間で正確な試験を行うことができる。これは、エトリンガイト（3CaO・Al２O３・3CaSO４・32H２O）を生成しやすい材料の細粒分は、ＳＯ４含有量が多く且つ比表面積も大きいので、ＳＯ４イオンの溶出性が高いためであると考えられる。 In the expansibility evaluation method of the present invention, a material to be evaluated (for example, a solid (utilized material) or a pulverized product of a solid material) is sieved with a sieve having a sieve opening of 4.75 mm or less, A water immersion expansion test (accelerated expansion test) is performed on the fine particles under the sieve. Thus, an accurate test can be performed in a short period of time by using the fine particles after classification. This is because the fine particles of the material that easily produces ettringite (3CaO · Al 2 O 3 · 3CaSO 4 · 32H 2 O) have a high SO 4 content and a large specific surface area, so that SO 4 ions can be dissolved. It is thought that it is because it is expensive.
水浸膨張試験では、上述した分級後の細粒分（以下、「細粒材」という）を成型して試験体としたものを４０℃以下の水に保持し、膨張率を測定する。具体的には、細粒材をφ３０〜１００ｍｍの金型に１０〜１００ｇ充填して１００〜２０００ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２の圧力でプレス成型し、この成型体を３０〜１００ｍｍのモールドに入れ、試料の上部には１ｋｇ程度の押さえ板を載せ、その上方向への移動を検知するためにダイヤルゲージを取付ける。このモールドを１Ｌの水を満たしたビーカーに浸漬する。水温の調整は、温度一定の部屋または温度制御した水槽内に上記ビーカーを入れることによって実施する。水槽に直接モールドを入れると、スラグに対して水量が多いため、エトリンガイトが析出しにくくなり、実路盤と整合性のとれる膨張評価をしにくくなる。 In the water immersion expansion test, a fine particle after classification (hereinafter referred to as “fine particle material”) is molded into a test body, which is held in water of 40 ° C. or less, and the expansion coefficient is measured. Specifically, 10 to 100 g of a fine particle material is filled in a 30 to 100 mm mold, press-molded at a pressure of 100 to 2000 kgf / cm 2 , this molded body is put into a 30 to 100 mm mold, and the upper part of the sample A 1 kg presser plate is placed on and a dial gauge is attached to detect the upward movement. This mold is immersed in a beaker filled with 1 L of water. The water temperature is adjusted by placing the beaker in a constant temperature room or a temperature-controlled water tank. If the mold is directly placed in the water tank, the amount of water is large relative to the slag, so that ettringite is less likely to precipitate and it is difficult to evaluate expansion that is consistent with the actual roadbed.
表１は、表２に示す成分組成を有する材料Ａと、同じく材料Ｂと、これら材料を混合した材料Ａ＋Ｂ（Ａ：Ｂ＝５０：５０）について、有姿の材料を篩の目開きが４２５μｍの篩にかけ、篩下材料を成型圧：１００ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２で試験体サイズ：φ５０×６ｍｍ（絶乾密度：１．８ｇ／ｃｍ３）に成型して試験体を作製し、これを２０℃の水に保持して水浸膨張試験を行った結果を示している。表１によれば、材料Ａ単独、材料Ｂ単独では殆ど膨張が生じないのに対し、材料Ａ＋Ｂでは、最終的（試験開始から２０日後以降）に３．５％の体積膨張が生じている。これは材料ＢからＣａイオン、ＳＯ４イオンが多量に供給され、材料ＡからＡｌ（ＯＨ）４イオンが多量に供給されたことにより、エトリンガイトが生成しためであると考えられる。 Table 1 shows a material A having a composition shown in Table 2, a material B, and a material A + B (A: B = 50: 50) obtained by mixing these materials. The material under the sieve was molded into a specimen size: φ50 × 6 mm (absolutely dry density: 1.8 g / cm 3 ) at a molding pressure of 100 kgf / cm 2 , and a specimen was produced. The result of the water immersion expansion test held in water is shown. According to Table 1, material A alone and material B alone hardly expand, whereas material A + B finally has a volume expansion of 3.5% (after 20 days from the start of the test). This is considered to be because ettringite is generated when a large amount of Ca ions and SO 4 ions are supplied from the material B and a large amount of Al (OH) 4 ions are supplied from the material A.
試験体を水浸させて保持する水の温度は４０℃以下、好ましくは２０〜３０℃とする。エトリンガイトは低温ほど生成しやすい傾向があり、一方、エトリンガイトがいったん生成しても、５０℃程度で分解しはじめ、６０℃以上ではほとんど分解・消失してしまう。したがって、８０℃で行われる従来の水浸膨張試験方法では、エトリンガイト起因の膨張を評価することはできない。図１は、エトリンガイト系膨張を生じたと思われる路盤材を回収し、室温で風乾、５０℃熱処理、６０℃熱処理をそれぞれ３時間行った後にＸＲＤ分析を行った結果を示している。これによれば、室温で風乾したものはエトリンガイトが明確に認められるのに対し、６０℃熱処理したものはエトリンガイトが殆ど分解・消失していることが判る。 The temperature of the water held by immersing the specimen is 40 ° C. or lower, preferably 20-30 ° C. Ettringite tends to be easily generated at lower temperatures. On the other hand, once ettringite is generated, it begins to decompose at about 50 ° C., and almost decomposes and disappears at 60 ° C. or higher. Therefore, the conventional water immersion expansion test method performed at 80 ° C. cannot evaluate the expansion caused by ettringite. FIG. 1 shows the results of XRD analysis after recovering a roadbed material that seems to have caused ettringite expansion and performing air drying, heat treatment at 50 ° C., and heat treatment at 60 ° C. for 3 hours each at room temperature. According to this, it can be seen that ettringite is clearly recognized in the case of air drying at room temperature, whereas ettringite is almost decomposed and disappeared in the case of heat treatment at 60 ° C.
表３は、上記材料Ａ＋Ｂ（Ａ：Ｂ＝５０：５０）について、有姿のものを篩目の開きが４２５μｍの篩で篩い分けし、篩下の材料を成型して試験体としたものを種々の温度（２０〜６０℃）の水に保持して水浸膨張試験を行い、２０日後の体積膨張率を調べた結果を示している。試験条件は、先に述べた通りである。表３によれば、低温の水ほど膨張率が大きくなる傾向にあるが、６０℃ではエトリンガイト系膨張はほとんど認められない。これに対して、４０℃以下ではエトリンガイト系膨張が認められ、特に２０〜３０℃では大きな体積膨張率が得られている。また、この２０日後の試料について、エトリンガイトをＸ線にて定量したところ、試験温度が２０℃のものはエトリンガイトが約４mass％生成していた。これに対して、試験温度が６０℃のものはエトリンガイトの生成は認められなかった。
一方、表３の試験で用いた混合材料を８０℃での水浸膨張試験に供したが、１ヶ月経過しても膨張率は０．１％以下であった。また、同様のスラグを路盤に試験施工したところ、３年後に３ｃｍの膨張があったことが確認できた。
なお、試験温度を２０℃以下としても膨張量は必ずしも大きくならないことから、その操作性を考慮すると試験温度は２０℃以上が好ましい。
Table 3 shows the above materials A + B (A: B = 50: 50) which are sieving with a sieve having a sieve opening of 425 μm and molding the material under the sieve to obtain a test specimen. It shows the result of examining the volume expansion coefficient after 20 days by conducting a water immersion expansion test by holding in water at various temperatures (20 to 60 ° C.). The test conditions are as described above. According to Table 3, the expansion rate tends to increase as the temperature of the water decreases, but ettringite expansion is hardly observed at 60 ° C. On the other hand, ettringite-based expansion is observed at 40 ° C. or lower, and a large volume expansion coefficient is obtained particularly at 20 to 30 ° C. Further, when the ettringite was quantitatively determined by X-ray for the sample after 20 days, the ettringite produced about 4 mass% when the test temperature was 20 ° C. On the other hand, ettringite formation was not observed when the test temperature was 60 ° C.
On the other hand, the mixed materials used in the tests of Table 3 were subjected to a water immersion expansion test at 80 ° C., but the expansion rate was 0.1% or less even after one month. Moreover, when the same slag was test-constructed on the roadbed, it was confirmed that there was an expansion of 3 cm after 3 years.
It should be noted that even if the test temperature is 20 ° C. or lower, the amount of expansion does not necessarily increase. Therefore, in consideration of the operability, the test temperature is preferably 20 ° C. or higher.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008133761A JP5157639B2 (en) | 2008-05-22 | 2008-05-22 | Expandability evaluation method for sorting roadbed materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008133761A JP5157639B2 (en) | 2008-05-22 | 2008-05-22 | Expandability evaluation method for sorting roadbed materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2009281842A JP2009281842A (en) | 2009-12-03 |
| JP5157639B2 true JP5157639B2 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
Family
ID=41452448
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008133761A Active JP5157639B2 (en) | 2008-05-22 | 2008-05-22 | Expandability evaluation method for sorting roadbed materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5157639B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5429058B2 (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2014-02-26 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Quantitative analysis of ettringite in inorganic oxide materials |
| JP6352723B2 (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2018-07-04 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Diagnosis method of hardened cementitious body |
| CN104502180B (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2017-05-24 | 河海大学 | Application of natural silica material in preparation of transparent rock and transparent rock body |
| CN107746258B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2020-09-04 | 营口四通高温新材料科技有限公司 | Ultralow-linear-change baking-free air brick and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114324839B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2024-01-05 | 中电建路桥集团有限公司 | Low shallow roadbed construction integrated equipment that fills of high groundwater level silt land road |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07232940A (en) * | 1994-02-17 | 1995-09-05 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Method for deciding rapid expansion of converter slag |
| JP4357199B2 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2009-11-04 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Slag stability evaluation method |
| JP4274835B2 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2009-06-10 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Slag stability evaluation method |
| JP4362494B2 (en) * | 2006-04-13 | 2009-11-11 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Granulation method of powdered slag |
| JP5228618B2 (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2013-07-03 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Sorting method for roadbed materials |
-
2008
- 2008-05-22 JP JP2008133761A patent/JP5157639B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2009281842A (en) | 2009-12-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5157639B2 (en) | Expandability evaluation method for sorting roadbed materials | |
| Kim et al. | Alkali–silica reaction: kinetics of chemistry of pore solution and calcium hydroxide content in cementitious system | |
| Haga et al. | Change in pore structure and composition of hardened cement paste during the process of dissolution | |
| Gant et al. | The evaluation of tribo-corrosion synergy for WC–Co hardmetals in low stress abrasion | |
| Bignozzi et al. | Alternative blended cement with ceramic residues: Corrosion resistance investigation on reinforced mortar | |
| Qiao et al. | Novel cementitious materials produced from incinerator bottom ash | |
| Elkhebu et al. | Alkaline activation of clayey soil using potassium hydroxide & fly ash | |
| Abolhasani et al. | Effect of rice husk ash on mechanical properties, fracture energy, brittleness and aging of calcium aluminate cement concrete | |
| Polák et al. | The shape of early persistent slip markings in fatigued 316L steel | |
| JP4255726B2 (en) | Method for determining expansion stability of solidified material containing steelmaking slag | |
| Castellón et al. | Influence of tire rubber waste on the fire behavior of gypsum coatings of construction and structural elements | |
| Ahmed et al. | An assessment of geo-environmental properties for utilization of recycled gypsum in earthwork projects | |
| WO2021065215A1 (en) | Method for suppressing hydration of free mgo in slag, slag particles, slag particle production method, and artificial stone production method | |
| Mo et al. | Investigation of structural properties associated with alkali–silica reaction by means of macro-and micro-structural analysis | |
| JP5228618B2 (en) | Sorting method for roadbed materials | |
| Humayun et al. | Physical and mechanical characterization of sand replaced stone dust concrete | |
| Schnittgrund et al. | In vivo and in vitro changes in strength of orthopedic calcium aluminates | |
| Gamil et al. | Utilization of Normal and Treated Cement Kiln Dust as Cement Replacement Materials in Concrete. | |
| JP6352723B2 (en) | Diagnosis method of hardened cementitious body | |
| Noushini | Durability of geopolymer concrete in marine environment | |
| CN117136173A (en) | Functional gradient bacterial capsule for concrete self-repairing | |
| JP4274834B2 (en) | Slag stability evaluation method | |
| JP4274835B2 (en) | Slag stability evaluation method | |
| Kadhim et al. | Using geopolymers materials for remediation of lead-contaminated soil | |
| Premur et al. | REUSE OF THE RECYCLED NONMETALLIC FRACTION FROM WASTE PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS IN PAVEMENT INDUSTRY. |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20110415 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20121113 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20121126 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Ref document number: 5157639 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20151221 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |