JP5145705B2 - battery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for preventing an internal short circuit of a battery, particularly a battery having a high energy density such as a lithium ion secondary battery.

  In recent years, as electronic devices have become portable and cordless, the demand for higher energy density and smaller and lighter secondary batteries that serve as driving power sources has become stronger. As a battery that meets such a demand, a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery represented by a lithium ion secondary battery having a high energy density while being small and light has been developed.

  A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is an electrode plate obtained by winding a positive electrode plate using a lithium-containing transition metal compound as a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode plate using a carbon material as a negative electrode active material with a separator interposed therebetween. The group is housed in a metal bottomed case together with an upper insulating plate placed on top of the electrode plate group, and a groove is provided on the upper insulating plate so as to protrude inward above the bottomed case. The group and the upper insulating plate are held in the bottomed case. The positive electrode lead is drawn upward through a hole in the upper insulating plate, and a sealing plate that also serves as an external terminal is welded to the tip of the positive electrode lead. Next, an electrolytic solution is poured into the bottomed case from the hole in the center of the upper insulating plate. After the impregnated electrolyte is impregnated, the positive electrode lead is bent, the sealing plate is placed in the opening of the bottomed case, the upper end of the bottomed case is drawn inward, and the lithium ion secondary battery is sealed. Configure.

  As the lithium ion secondary battery configured as described above is further developed for higher capacity and higher energy density, higher safety is demanded.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a main part of a conventional battery. As shown in FIG. 5, the upper insulating plate 4 arranged on the upper part of the electrode plate group 1 has a bottomed case 2 when an impact such as internal short circuit prevention and dropping due to contact between the electrode plate group 1 and the positive electrode lead 1a is applied. 5 is an important safety component for the purpose of suppressing the movement of the electrode plate group 1 and not deteriorating the battery characteristics. Up to now, the convex portion 5 has been formed on the upper surface of the upper insulating plate 4 as shown in FIG. What has been formed is disclosed. (For example, see Patent Document 1)
JP 2000-235848 A

  However, in such a conventional configuration, when excessive vibration or impact is applied to the battery, the upper insulating plate 4 is displaced, and the positive electrode lead 1a and the bottomed case 2 may come into contact with each other to cause an internal short circuit.

  The present invention can suppress the displacement of the upper insulating plate even when excessive vibration or impact is applied to the battery, and thus provides a highly reliable battery in which the positive electrode lead does not contact the bottomed case and cause an internal short circuit. For the purpose.

The present invention for solving the aforementioned problem, the electrode plate assembly comprising a strip-shaped positive electrode plate and negative electrode plate wound with a separator interposed therebetween, an upper insulating plate and the electrolyte solution was placed on top of the electrode assembly a housing with a bottomed case, the cell was sealed with a sealing plate with a gasket opening of the bottomed case, the upper insulating plate, said bottomed case above the disposed so as to protrude inward groove of is disposed in a lower portion, the gasket is disposed over the grooves, fixed and held to fix hold the lower end of the gasket which projects the during drawing of the opening of the bottomed casing at the outer peripheral portion of the upper portion of the upper insulating plate The fixed holding portion is characterized in that an outer diameter with which the groove portion contacts is larger than an outer diameter with which the gasket contacts .

  According to this configuration, when the opening of the bottomed case is drawn inward and the opening of the bottomed case is sealed by the sealing plate, the movement of the lower end of the gasket disposed between the bottomed case and the sealing plate Can be fixed and held by the fixing holding portion provided on the upper insulating plate, so that the upper insulating plate is not displaced by the movement of the lower end portion of the gasket. Even when excessive vibration or impact is applied to the battery, the upper insulating plate does not shift due to the movement of the lower end of the gasket, and the positive lead is deformed to hold the inner periphery of the upper insulating plate However, since the lower end portion of the gasket exists on the outer peripheral portion of the upper insulating plate, the upper insulating plate is not greatly displaced. In addition, since two insulators, the lower end of the gasket and the upper insulating plate, are arranged between the groove provided in the bottomed case and the positive electrode lead, the contact between the groove provided in the bottomed case and the positive electrode lead is reliable. The effect which can be prevented highly is acquired.

  According to the present invention, when the opening of the bottomed case is drawn inward and the opening of the bottomed case is sealed with the sealing plate, the movement of the lower end portion of the gasket disposed between the bottomed case and the sealing plate is moved. Since it can be fixed and held by the fixing and holding portion provided on the upper insulating plate, the upper insulating plate is not displaced by the movement of the lower end portion of the gasket. Even when excessive vibration or impact is applied to the battery, the upper insulating plate does not move due to the movement of the lower end of the gasket, and the positive lead is deformed by excessive vibration or impact, and the inner periphery of the upper insulating plate is Even in the pressed state, the upper insulating plate is not greatly displaced because the lower end portion of the gasket exists on the outer peripheral portion of the upper insulating plate. Thus, since the shift | offset | difference of an upper insulating board can be suppressed, a positive battery lead can contact with a bottomed case and can provide the reliable battery which does not carry out an internal short circuit.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides an electrode plate group obtained by winding a strip-like positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate with a separator interposed therebetween, and an upper insulating plate and an electrolyte solution disposed above the electrode plate group. In a battery having a bottomed case housed and a battery in which an opening of the bottomed case is sealed with a sealing plate via a gasket, the upper insulating plate is provided at a lower portion of a groove portion provided so as to protrude inwardly above the bottomed case. The gasket is arranged at the upper part of the groove, and a fixing holding part for fixing and holding the lower end part of the gasket protruding when the opening of the bottomed case is drawn is provided on the outer peripheral part of the upper insulating plate. It was.

  According to this configuration, when the opening of the bottomed case is drawn inward and the opening of the bottomed case is sealed by the sealing plate, the movement of the lower end of the gasket disposed between the bottomed case and the sealing plate Can be fixed and held by the fixing holding portion provided on the upper insulating plate, so that the upper insulating plate is not displaced by the movement of the lower end portion of the gasket. As a result, even when excessive vibration or impact is applied to the battery, the upper insulating plate does not move due to the movement of the lower end of the gasket, and the positive lead is deformed by excessive vibration or impact, causing the inner periphery of the upper insulating plate to be deformed. Even when the part is pressed, the upper insulating plate is not greatly displaced because the lower end portion of the gasket exists on the outer peripheral portion of the upper insulating plate. Since the displacement of the upper insulating plate can be suppressed in this way, an effect is obtained in which the positive electrode lead does not contact the bottomed case and short-circuits internally. In addition, since there are two insulators, the lower end of the gasket and the upper insulating plate, between the groove portion of the bottomed case and the positive electrode lead, even if the upper insulating plate is displaced, the groove portion of the bottomed case and the positive electrode lead Since the lower end portion of the gasket is disposed between the two, there is no internal short circuit. Moreover, since the number of parts is not increased, an effect that can be easily manufactured without increasing the number of manufacturing steps can be obtained.

  The fixed holding portion may be a stepped portion.

  According to this structure, since a space | gap can be ensured in the upper part of a level | step-difference part, the lower part of a gasket can be arrange | positioned in this space | gap.

  The fixed holding portion may be an inclined portion.

According to this configuration, the fixed holding portion can be provided on the upper insulating plate relatively easily.
Moreover, since it is inclined, the groove portion of the bottomed case and the inclined portion are easily brought into contact with each other, and the effect of facilitating positioning of the upper insulating plate can be obtained by making such contact.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  The battery of the present invention is characterized by the shape of the upper insulating plate on the electrode plate group, and a fixed holding portion is provided over the entire outer periphery of the upper portion of the upper insulating plate.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the main part of the battery of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, an electrode plate group 1 wound in a spiral shape with a separator interposed between a belt-like positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate, and the electrode plate group 1 are accommodated inside and projecting inward above the electrode plate group 1. In order to prevent an internal short circuit between the positive electrode lead 1 a and the electrode plate group 1 between the bottomed case 2 having the annular groove portion 3 and the upper surface of the groove portion 3 and the electrode plate group 1, an upper insulating plate 4 is disposed. The opening of the bottomed case 2 is sealed with a sealing plate 7 via a gasket 8.
The upper insulating plate 4 is provided with a fixed holding portion 6 on the outer periphery of the upper portion, and fixedly holds the lower end portion 8a of the gasket 8 protruding when the opening of the bottomed case 2 is drawn inward.

  Further, the positive electrode lead 1 a drawn out from the electrode plate group 1 is welded to the sealing plate 7 at the tip, and the positive electrode lead 1 a is housed by being bent inside the upper insulating plate 4.

  2A is a sectional view of the upper insulating plate used in the battery of the present invention, FIG. 2B is an upper plan view of the upper insulating plate used in the battery of the present invention, and FIG. The expanded sectional view of the fixed holding | maintenance part of the upper insulating board used for the battery is shown. The upper insulating plate 4 shown in FIGS. 2A, 2 </ b> B, and 2 </ b> C is an example in which a step portion 6 a is provided as the fixed holding portion 6.

  A convex portion 5 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the upper portion of the upper insulating plate 4, and a step portion 6a is provided as a fixed holding portion 6 on the convex portion 5. The step portion 6a is a flat portion as shown in FIG. It has a stepped shape with Further, the upper insulating plate 4 is provided with a positive electrode lead passage hole 4a for passing the positive electrode lead 1a and an injection hole 4b for injecting an electrolytic solution.

Example 1
As shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C, a 18650 size cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery manufactured using the upper insulating plate 4 provided with the stepped portion 6a as the fixed holding portion 6 is implemented. Example 1 was adopted.

  At this time, the length from the upper part of the electrode plate group 1 of the positive electrode lead 1a to the welding location of the sealing plate 7 was set to 1.5 times the normal length.

(Example 2)
As shown in FIG. 3, an 18650 size cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 using the upper insulating plate 4 provided with the inclined part 6b as the fixed holding part 6 was used as Example 2. .

(Comparative Example 1)
A cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the upper insulating plate shown in FIG.

  A drop impact test was performed using the cylindrical lithium ion secondary batteries of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 manufactured as described above, and the occurrence rate of contact between the positive electrode lead 1a and the groove portion 3 of the bottomed case 2 was examined. . In the drop impact test, the battery was disassembled by dropping it 5 times in each of the 3 directions of the top, bottom, and side of the battery from a height of 2 m, and the battery was disassembled so that the positive electrode lead 1a contacts the groove 3 of the bottomed case 2 It was confirmed visually that it was not. The number of tests was 10 each. The results are shown in (Table 1).

（表１）からわかるように、実施例１は正極リード１ａと有底ケース２の溝部３との接触は皆無であったのに対し、比較例１は１０個中４個の接触が確認できた。この４個の電池は上部絶縁板４が大きくずれていた。比較例１のその他６個の電池については正極リード１ａが有底ケース２の溝部３と接触することはなかったが上部絶縁板４は同じように大きくずれていることが確認できた。

As can be seen from (Table 1), in Example 1, there was no contact between the positive electrode lead 1a and the groove portion 3 of the bottomed case 2, whereas in Comparative Example 1, 4 out of 10 contacts could be confirmed. It was. In these four batteries, the upper insulating plate 4 was greatly displaced. For the other six batteries of Comparative Example 1, the positive electrode lead 1a was not in contact with the groove portion 3 of the bottomed case 2, but it was confirmed that the upper insulating plate 4 was largely displaced in the same manner.

  The battery of Example 1 was also disassembled and observed in the same manner, but such a large shift of the upper insulating plate 4 was small. Between the positive electrode lead 1a and the groove portion 3 of the bottomed case 2, there are two insulators, the lower end portion 8a of the gasket 8 and the upper portion of the upper insulating plate 4, whereby the groove portion of the positive electrode lead 1a and the bottomed case 2 is present. It is thought that the contact of 3 was able to be suppressed reliably.

  From the above results, even when the positive electrode lead 1a is longer than a predetermined length, and the battery is subjected to excessive vibration or impact and the positive electrode lead 1a is bent abnormally, the positive electrode lead 1a and the groove 3 of the bottomed case 2 are It was found that contact can be reliably suppressed.

  The battery of the present invention is particularly useful as a power source for equipment used in such a use environment because it has excellent reliability even when excessive vibration or impact is applied.

Schematic sectional view of the main part of the battery of the present invention (A) Cross-sectional view of the upper insulating plate used in the battery of the present invention, (b) Upper plan view of the upper insulating plate used in the battery of the present invention, (c) Fixing of the upper insulating plate used in the battery of the present invention. Enlarged sectional view of the holding part Enlarged cross-sectional view of the fixed part of the upper insulating plate with the inclined part (A) Sectional view of the upper insulating plate used for the battery of Comparative Example 1, (b) Upper plan view of the upper insulating plate used for the battery of Comparative Example 1, (c) Upper insulation used for the battery of Comparative Example 1 Enlarged sectional view of the convex part of the plate Schematic cross-sectional view of the main parts of a conventional battery

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electrode plate group 1a Positive electrode lead 2 Bottomed case 3 Groove part 4 Upper insulating plate 4a Positive electrode lead passage hole 4b Injection hole 5 Convex part 6 Fixed holding part 6a Step part 6b Inclined part 7 Sealing plate 8 Gasket 8a Lower end part

Claims (3)

And band-like positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate and the electrode plate group composed by winding via a separator, an upper insulating plate was placed on top of the electrode assembly and the bottom case electrolyte was accommodated in the bottomed casing In a battery whose opening is sealed with a sealing plate through a gasket,
The upper insulating plate, the disposed below the groove provided so as to protrude inwardly of the upper bottomed case, the gasket is disposed over the grooves, the the outer periphery of the upper portion of the upper insulating plate the fixing holder for fixing holds the lower end portion of the gasket which projects during drawing of the opening of the bottomed casing is provided,
The fixed holding portion is a battery in which an outer diameter that the groove portion contacts is larger than an outer diameter that contacts the gasket . An electrode plate group formed by winding a strip-shaped positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate with a separator interposed therebetween, an upper insulating plate arranged on the upper side of the electrode plate group, a bottomed case containing an electrolytic solution, and the bottomed case In a battery whose opening is sealed with a sealing plate through a gasket,
The upper insulating plate is disposed at a lower portion of a groove portion provided so as to protrude inwardly above the bottomed case, the gasket is disposed at an upper portion of the groove portion, Providing a fixed holding portion for fixing and holding the lower end portion of the gasket protruding at the time of drawing the opening of the bottomed case,
Batteries that the fixed holding part and the stepped portion. The battery according to claim 1, wherein the fixed holding portion is an inclined portion.

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