JP5144354B2 - Ultrasonic cleaning equipment for incineration ash - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an ultrasonic cleaning apparatus for incinerated ash that removes chlorine by washing the incinerated ash with water. In particular, the ultrasonic cleaning promotes elution of chlorine into water and improves the chlorine removal efficiency. The present invention relates to an ultrasonic cleaning apparatus for incinerated ash that can be used.

  Conventionally, general waste such as municipal waste and sewage sludge or industrial waste discharged from various factories has been treated by incineration for volume reduction and detoxification. In general, methods for treating incineration ash discharged from an incinerator include landfill treatment, melting slag, recycling to building materials, and the like. Particularly in recent years, it has been demanded that these ashes be processed into products such as cement raw materials, artificial aggregates, planting soil, roadbed materials, roadbed materials, fired tiles, and the like to be effectively used. However, when recycling incineration ash, since the incineration ash contains chlorine, it is necessary to reduce the chlorine concentration below the reference value depending on the use of the ash.

As a general method for treating incineration ash, a method of reducing the chlorine content by removing foreign matters such as metal pieces and then washing the incineration ash with water is used. However, most of the chlorine content can be removed by washing with water, but in order to give added value as a high-quality recycling material, simply washing with water was insufficient in reducing chlorine. Therefore, this is dealt with by adjusting the pH of the washing water to acidic or 6 to 10 by water washing, pulverizing, or increasing the number of washings to a plurality of times.
For example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 3368372) discloses a method for converting incineration ash into a cement raw material in which incineration ash is pulverized and then washed multiple times. At this time, the pH of the solution at the time of washing is adjusted to 6 to 10, preferably 8 to 10, whereby the chlorine content is dissolved and removed while suppressing the elution of heavy metals in the incinerated ash.

In addition, in the washing process, incineration ash is supplied into the washing tank in which water is stored, and water and incineration ash are mixed to elute the chlorine contained in the incineration ash into water, but the stirring and mixing properties are insufficient. And the incineration ash is not in sufficient contact with water, and the chlorine removal efficiency is reduced. Therefore, Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-254041) discloses a method for improving the stirring force by means for mixing by rotating a stirring blade and means for circulating water by a jet pump.
However, in these methods, the cleaning time is as long as 1 hour or more, and in order to process a large amount of incinerated ash, it is necessary to increase the size of the apparatus and the number of series.
Therefore, Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-326462) discloses a method for improving the chlorine removing effect by adding ultrasonic cleaning in addition to stirring when incineration ash is washed with water. ing.

Japanese Patent No. 3368372 JP 2002-254041 A JP 2006-326462 A

As mentioned above, when removing chlorine from the incineration ash, a water washing process is generally used, and most of the chlorine contained in the incineration ash can be removed by water washing. Since it was insufficient, as described in Patent Document 1, pH was adjusted in a washing tank, pulverized, or the number of washings was increased to a plurality of times.
However, the chlorine content in incineration ash contains a chlorine content that is difficult to elute in water, and if it contains a large amount of chlorine content that is difficult to elute, a sufficient chlorine removal effect can be obtained only by the above water washing treatment. I couldn't. Moreover, as described in Patent Document 2 and the like, it is generally widely used to stir by inserting a propeller-type stirring blade into the washing tank, but incineration ash has a large specific gravity, so that it is difficult to mix sufficiently. In addition, there are disadvantages such as an increase in stirring power or a larger apparatus. In addition, as described in Patent Document 2, stirring and mixing by a jet pump has been proposed. However, simply circulating water mixed with incineration ash with a pump is a problem of wear of the pump and piping of the circulation system. Become.

On the other hand, ultrasonic cleaning of the incinerated ash is an effective method for removing chlorine, but the incinerated ash is a collection of small-diameter ash particles that contain a large amount of air between the ash particles. Even if ultrasonic vibration was applied in this state, the ultrasonic waves were absorbed by the air, and it was difficult to perform effective ultrasonic cleaning. In addition, as described above, incineration ash is composed of a large amount of small-diameter particles, so that handling is complicated and there is a problem that a mechanism for transferring the incineration ash is complicated.
Accordingly, the present invention provides an ultrasonic cleaning apparatus for incineration ash capable of effectively ultrasonically cleaning the incineration ash and simplifying the transfer mechanism of the incineration ash in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. With the goal.

Therefore, in order to solve the problem, the present invention applies ultrasonic vibration to the incinerated ash immersed in water, and in an ultrasonic cleaning apparatus for incinerated ash that removes chlorine contained in the incinerated ash,
A degassing chamber connected to a degassing device for degassing the incinerated ash;
A reduced pressure storage chamber that is maintained in a reduced pressure atmosphere and stores the degassed incinerated ash;
An ultrasonic cleaning chamber that includes an ultrasonic generator that generates ultrasonic vibrations and includes a means for supplying water, and ultrasonically cleans the incinerated ash supplied from the decompression storage chamber in a state of being immersed in water, and It is arranged in the vertical direction in order from the top,
An openable / closable sealing damper for maintaining a sealed space between the deaeration chamber and the decompression storage chamber and between the decompression storage chamber and the ultrasonic cleaning chamber and for dropping and transferring the incineration ash, respectively. It is characterized by being interposed.

According to the present invention, when ultrasonically cleaning the incineration ash, deaeration before immersing the incineration ash in water, thereby preventing the ultrasonic waves from being absorbed by the retained air of the incineration ash, Effective ultrasonic cleaning becomes possible. Therefore, the chlorine removal efficiency of the incinerated ash can be improved, and it becomes possible to obtain a washed ash suitable for a recycled material such as a cement material.
In addition, the deaeration chamber, the decompression storage chamber, and the ultrasonic cleaning chamber are arranged vertically, and the ash can be moved by gravity through the airtight damper. In addition, a sealed space can be easily formed.
Furthermore, continuous processing is possible by providing a decompression storage chamber between the deaeration chamber and the ultrasonic cleaning chamber.
Furthermore, it is preferable that the ultrasonic cleaning chamber is connected to a cleaning ash discharge chamber in which water is stored via a hermetic damper.

In addition, a dry particle size separation device that separates the incinerated ash with a particle size is provided in the front stage of the deaeration chamber, and only the incinerated ash on the small particle size side is supplied to the deaeration chamber. .
This is because incineration ash with a small particle size has a high chlorine content, and incineration ash with a large particle size has a relatively low chlorine content, so it exceeds only the incineration ash on the small particle size side separated by the dry particle size separator. Cost reduction can be achieved by sonic cleaning.
Further, the present invention is characterized in that a metal separator for separating metals from the cleaning ash discharged from the cleaning ash discharge chamber is provided.
The incinerated ash has an action of separating not only the chlorine content but also deposits attached to the ash surface by ultrasonic cleaning. Accordingly, since the metals are separated from the ash surface by ultrasonic cleaning, the metals can be easily removed by a subsequent metal separation apparatus.

As described above, according to the present invention, when ultrasonically cleaning the incineration ash, the ultrasonic wave is absorbed by the retained air of the incineration ash by degassing the incineration ash before immersing it in water. This makes it possible to perform effective ultrasonic cleaning. Therefore, the chlorine removal efficiency of the incinerated ash can be improved, and it becomes possible to obtain a washed ash suitable for a recycled material such as a cement material.
In addition, the deaeration chamber, the decompression storage chamber, and the ultrasonic cleaning chamber are arranged vertically, and the ash can be moved by gravity through the airtight damper. In addition, a sealed space can be easily formed.
Furthermore, continuous processing is possible by providing a decompression storage chamber between the deaeration chamber and the ultrasonic cleaning chamber.

Incineration ash with a small particle size has a high chlorine content, and a large particle size of incineration ash has a relatively low chlorine content, so only the incineration ash on the small particle size side separated by a dry particle size separator is ultrasonicated. The cost can be reduced by cleaning.
Further, by providing the metal separation device at the subsequent stage of the ultrasonic cleaning apparatus, the metals are separated from the ash surface by the ultrasonic cleaning, so that the metal can be easily removed by the subsequent metal separation apparatus.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified, but are merely illustrative examples. Not too much.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an ultrasonic cleaning apparatus for incineration ash according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the ultrasonic cleaning apparatus for incineration ash according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the processing system with which an ultrasonic cleaning apparatus is applied.

With reference to FIG.1 and FIG.2, the ultrasonic cleaning apparatus of the incineration ash which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated.
The ultrasonic cleaning device 50 has a configuration in which a deaeration chamber 1, a decompression storage chamber 3, an ultrasonic cleaning chamber 5, and a cleaning ash discharge chamber 8 are arranged in the vertical direction in order from the top.
An ash receiving unit 20 is provided above the deaeration chamber 1 via a hermetic damper 21.
The degassing chamber 1 is supplied with the incinerated ash 30 dropped from the ash receiving portion 20 by opening the hermetic damper 21. A deaeration device 2 is connected to the deaeration chamber 1. In the deaeration chamber 1, a sealed space is formed by closing the sealed dampers 21 and 22. The deaeration chamber 1 deaerates the retained air accompanying the incinerated ash by operating the deaeration device 2 in a sealed state. At the time of deaeration, the pressure in the deaeration chamber 1 is set to be equal to or lower than the atmospheric pressure and is reduced as much as possible within a range that is economically established on the apparatus.

The decompression storage chamber 3 is supplied with degassed ash falling from the deaeration chamber 1 by opening the hermetic damper 22. The decompression storage chamber 3 is configured such that a sealed space is formed by closing the sealed dampers 22 and 23. The decompression storage chamber 3 is provided to avoid inefficiency of the apparatus due to a difference in batch processing amount and processing time between the deaeration chamber 1 and the ultrasonic cleaning chamber 5. That is, by setting the degassing time to be shorter than the ultrasonic cleaning time and storing the degassed ash in the decompression storage chamber 3, continuous processing becomes possible.
The deaerated ash stored in the decompression storage chamber 3 is quantitatively supplied to the ultrasonic cleaning chamber 5 by the deaerated ash supply device 4. At this time, the sealed damper 23 between the deaerated ash supply device 4 and the ultrasonic cleaning chamber 5 is open. When a predetermined amount of degassed ash is put into the ultrasonic cleaning chamber 5, the hermetic damper 23 is closed.

The ultrasonic cleaning chamber 5 is filled with water (deaerated water) 34. The water 34 is obtained by degassing the water (washing water) 31 in advance by the degassing water production apparatus 7. At this time, it is preferable to deaerate with the deaeration water manufacturing apparatus 7 until the dissolved amount of the air in deaeration water becomes 10 ppm or less. In addition, the ultrasonic cleaning chamber 5 is maintained in a reduced pressure atmosphere by the degassing device 2 before the degassing ash is charged, and the degassing ash is charged while the degassing ash is charged.
After the degassed ash is put into the ultrasonic cleaning chamber 5, the sealing dampers 23 and 24 are closed, and the pressure in the cleaning chamber 5 is adjusted to a state of atmospheric pressure or lower than the atmospheric pressure by a vacuum adjusting device (not shown). .

The ultrasonic cleaning chamber 5 has an ultrasonic diaphragm 6 attached to the outer surface of the side wall. The ultrasonic vibration plate 6 is a device that applies ultrasonic vibrations to the ultrasonic cleaning chamber 5, and the frequency generated by the ultrasonic vibration plate 6 is a frequency with high underwater sound pressure, preferably 20 kHz to 100 kHz.
In the ultrasonic cleaning chamber 5, after adjusting the atmospheric pressure by the vacuum adjusting device, the ultrasonic vibration plate 6 is operated to generate ultrasonic waves in the deaerated water, and the deaerated ash is ultrasonically cleaned for a predetermined time. In ultrasonic cleaning of incinerated ash, high-frequency impacts are repeatedly applied to the ash surface due to repeated high-speed annihilation of cavities generated continuously by ultrasonic waves in deaerated water, and the chlorine content in the ash is reduced for a short time. Dissolve in the liquid side.

When the ultrasonic cleaning is completed, the hermetic damper 24 is opened, and the cleaning ash is charged into the cleaning ash discharge chamber 8 by gravity. Water is stored in advance in the cleaning ash discharge chamber 8, and the cleaning ash is put into the discharge chamber 8 from the ultrasonic cleaning chamber 5 while remaining in the liquid. The cleaning ash discharge chamber 8 is provided with a cleaning ash discharging device 9. The cleaning ash is pulled up from the water by the cleaning ash discharging device 9 and discharged to the drainage yard 26 of the cleaning ash 32.
The entrained water separated from the washing ash 32 in the draining yard 26 is stored in the pit 27, returned from the pit 27 to the entrance of the deaerated water production apparatus 7 by the slurry pump 10, and reused. At this time, it is preferable to provide the filtration apparatus 11 on the return line of accompanying water. In addition, a part of the wash water to be circulated is partially discharged out of the system as drainage 33 in order to keep the salt concentration in the wash water constant.

According to this embodiment, when ultrasonically cleaning the incineration ash, it is deaerated before immersing the incineration ash in water, thereby preventing ultrasonic waves from being absorbed by the retained air of the incineration ash. Effective ultrasonic cleaning becomes possible. Therefore, the chlorine removal efficiency of the incinerated ash can be improved, and it becomes possible to obtain a washed ash suitable for a recycled material such as a cement material.
In addition, the deaeration chamber, the decompression storage chamber, and the ultrasonic cleaning chamber are arranged vertically, and the ash can be moved by gravity through the airtight damper. In addition, a sealed space can be easily formed.
Furthermore, continuous processing is possible by providing a decompression storage chamber between the deaeration chamber and the ultrasonic cleaning chamber.

Next, an example of a processing system to which the ultrasonic cleaning apparatus according to this embodiment is applied will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 3, the incinerated ash 61 discharged from the incinerator is separated and removed from the large-diameter object 62 by the dry particle size separator 51. The incinerated ash 30 that does not include the large-diameter article 62 is ultrasonically cleaned by the ultrasonic cleaning device 50 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and after removing chlorine, the cleaning ash 32 is supplied to the metal separation device 52. Is done. In the metal separator 52, for example, the metals 64 contained in the cleaning ash 32 are separated and removed by a wet specific gravity difference separator or the like, and a treated ash 63 containing no metals 64 is obtained. The treated ash 63 is suitably used as a recycled material such as a cement material. On the other hand, the waste water 33 discharged from the ultrasonic cleaning device 50 is processed as the waste water treatment device 53 and then discharged as the waste water 65.

According to this configuration, the dry particle size separation device 51 that separates the incinerated ash in particle size is provided in the previous stage of the ultrasonic cleaning device 50, and only the incinerated ash on the small particle size side is supplied to the ultrasonic cleaning device 50. As a result, the processing cost can be reduced.
Further, the present invention is characterized in that a metal separation device for separating metals from the cleaning ash discharged from the ultrasonic cleaning device 50 is provided.
By providing the metal separation device at the subsequent stage of the ultrasonic cleaning device, the metals are separated from the ash surface by the ultrasonic cleaning, so that the metal can be easily removed by the subsequent metal separation device.

  Since the present invention promotes elution of chlorine into water by ultrasonic cleaning of incinerated ash and enables improvement of chlorine removal efficiency, it is a facility for producing recycled raw materials such as cement raw materials from incinerated ash. Are preferably used.

It is a front view of the ultrasonic cleaning apparatus of incineration ash concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view of the ultrasonic cleaning apparatus of the incineration ash which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the processing system with which the ultrasonic cleaning apparatus which concerns on this embodiment is applied.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Deaeration chamber 2 Deaeration device 3 Decompression storage chamber 4 Deaeration ash supply device 5 Ultrasonic cleaning chamber 6 Ultrasonic vibration plate 7 Deaerated water production device 8 Cleaning ash discharge chamber 9 Cleaning ash discharge devices 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 Sealed damper 30 Incinerated ash 31 Water (wash water)
32 Treated ash 33 Water (drainage)
34 Water (deaerated water)

Claims (4)

In the ultrasonic cleaning apparatus for incineration ash that applies ultrasonic vibration to the incineration ash soaked in water and removes the chlorine content in the incineration ash,
A degassing chamber connected to a degassing device for degassing the incinerated ash;
A reduced pressure storage chamber that is maintained in a reduced pressure atmosphere and stores the degassed incinerated ash;
An ultrasonic cleaning chamber that includes an ultrasonic generator that generates ultrasonic vibrations and includes a means for supplying water, and ultrasonically cleans the incinerated ash supplied from the decompression storage chamber in a state of being immersed in water, and It is arranged in the vertical direction in order from the top,
An openable / closable sealing damper for maintaining a sealed space between the deaeration chamber and the decompression storage chamber and between the decompression storage chamber and the ultrasonic cleaning chamber and for dropping and transferring the incineration ash, respectively. An ultrasonic cleaning apparatus for incinerated ash characterized by being interposed.   The ultrasonic cleaning apparatus for incineration ash according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic cleaning chamber is connected to a cleaning ash discharge chamber in which water is stored via a hermetic damper.   A dry particle size separation device for separating the incinerated ash in a particle size is provided in the front stage of the deaeration chamber, and only the incineration ash on the small particle size side is supplied to the deaeration chamber. The ultrasonic cleaning apparatus for incineration ash according to 1. The ultrasonic cleaning apparatus for incineration ash according to claim 2, further comprising a metal separator for separating metals from the cleaning ash discharged from the cleaning ash discharge chamber.

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