JP5143594B2 - Vacuum valve unit of vacuum sewer system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vacuum valve unit of a vacuum sewer system that transports sewage using vacuum.

  In general, in a vacuum sewer system, sewage discharged from buildings such as private houses, apartment houses, and facilities is guided to the sewage tank of the vacuum valve unit by natural flow through drainage pipes, and this sewage is discharged at the lower end of the sewage tank. It is made to store temporarily in a sewage storage part (for example, refer patent documents 1, 2). In addition, if a sewage tank is considered as a standard, the drain pipe becomes an inflow pipe of sewage.

  An end portion of a vacuum sewage pipe is disposed at an upper portion in the sewage tank, and a sewage suction pipe extending vertically is connected to the end portion of the vacuum sewage pipe. A vacuum valve is interposed between the end of the vacuum sewage pipe and the sewage suction pipe. In addition, the lower end of a sewage suction pipe is arrange | positioned in the sewage storage part.

  Moreover, in this vacuum sewer system, when a certain amount of sewage stored in the sewage storage part of the sewage tank reaches a certain amount, this is detected and the vacuum valve is opened, and the sewage in the sewage storage part is detected by the vacuum pressure in the vacuum sewage pipe. Is sucked into the sewage suction pipe. Then, the sewage sucked into the sewage suction pipe is conveyed by vacuum pressure to a water collection tank provided in the relay pump station through a vacuum sewage pipe.

  By the way, the vacuum valve unit has an air intake pipe. In addition, when the vacuum valve is operated, the sewage stored in the lower part of the sewage tank is sucked into the suction pipe, and then air is sucked into the suction pipe, or air is sucked into the suction pipe simultaneously with the sewage.

  In addition, although the vacuum sewage pipe is always maintained at a negative pressure, the sewage is transported by pumping the sewage while forming a two-layer flow so that the differential pressure generated by the suction of air overtakes the sewage. ing. Moreover, in addition to the natural gradient of the vacuum sewage pipe, the sewage is sent by this mixed air at the time of suction from the vacuum valve and the lift part.

Therefore, taking in air in the vacuum valve unit is indispensable for the mechanism of the flow of vacuum sewage.
Japanese Patent No. 34831616 Japanese Patent No. 3636779

  However, when the vacuum valve is activated, when the sewage stored in the lower part of the sewage tank is sucked into the sewage suction pipe with a vacuum pressure, the inside of the sewage tank becomes a negative pressure. There is a case that acts inside the (drainage pipe from the building) and breaks the sewage trap of the equipment installed in the house by this negative pressure.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a vacuum valve unit of a vacuum sewer system that can reliably prevent the sewage trap of a building communicating with the sewage tank from being broken when the sewage in the sewage tank is pumped by the vacuum pressure of the vacuum sewage pipe. It is intended to do.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a sewage tank in which an inflow pipe for naturally flowing down sewage discharged from a building is connected to a lower part and an end of a vacuum sewage pipe is provided in an upper part of the sewage tank. A sewage suction pipe having a lower end disposed in the lower sewage storage part, an air intake pipe connected to the sewage tank, a vacuum valve connecting the upper end of the sewage suction pipe and the vacuum sewage pipe, A sewage detecting means for detecting that the amount of sewage in the sewage storage section exceeds a predetermined amount, and a valve driving means for opening the vacuum valve when the detection means detects that the sewage has exceeded a predetermined amount. Bei give a, with inlet valve for opening and closing the open end of the inlet pipe is provided, when the vacuum valve is closed to open the open end at the inlet valve, and when said vacuum valve is opened A valve driving means for closing the open end by the inflow valve; The vacuum valve unit of the vacuum sewer system being kicked, together with the vacuum valve includes a hydraulic chamber for opening and closing the middle of the valve passage by driving the middle arranged a valve body and the valve body of the valve passage The valve driving means is provided so as to be operable with a pressure acting on the working chamber of the vacuum valve .

  In addition, the diameter of the air intake pipe (diameter) can be made larger than the diameter (diameter) of the sewage inflow pipe, or the cross sectional area of the air intake pipe can be made larger than the cross sectional area of the sewage inflow pipe.

  Furthermore, the sewage inflow pipe can be provided with a reduced diameter part or an enlarged diameter part that decelerates the flow rate of the sewage sucked into the sewage suction pipe. Moreover, both the reduced diameter part and diameter-expanded part which decelerate the flow velocity of the sewage sucked into the sewage suction pipe can be provided in the sewage inflow pipe.

  According to this configuration, when the vacuum valve is opened, the opening end of the inflow pipe into the sewage tank is closed by the inflow valve operated by the driving means, or the air intake pipe diameter change or the suction pipe structure change. When transporting the sewage in the sewage tank with the vacuum pressure of the vacuum sewage pipe, the negative pressure of the sewage tank is prevented from acting on the sewage trap of the building through the inflow pipe, and the sewage trap of the building is broken. Sealing can be reliably prevented.

  In addition, if the diameter (caliber) of the air intake pipe is larger than the diameter (caliber) of the sewage inflow pipe or the cross-sectional area of the air intake pipe is larger than the cross-sectional area of the sewage inflow pipe, Even if a negative pressure is generated in the sewage tank when the sewage is sucked in, the negative pressure does not increase, so that it is possible to prevent the sewage trap in the middle of the piping of the building from being broken.

  Further, when a sewage inflow pipe is provided with a reduced diameter portion or an enlarged diameter portion that reduces the flow rate of sewage sucked into the sewage suction pipe, or a reduced diameter portion and an enlarged diameter portion that reduce the flow rate of sewage sucked into the sewage suction pipe. Even if both are provided in the sewage inflow pipe, even if a negative pressure is generated in the sewage tank when sewage is sucked into the sewage inflow pipe, this negative pressure will not increase. It is possible to prevent the sewage trap in the middle of the building piping from being broken.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 is a schematic diagram showing a vacuum valve unit of a vacuum sewer system, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a vacuum valve, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a controller portion of the vacuum valve.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a vacuum valve unit of a vacuum sewer system, and the vacuum valve unit 10 has a sealed sewage tank 1. The sewage tank 1 is formed of a lower case 1a, an intermediate case 1b, and an upper case 1c. And the waste water tank 11 is provided in the lower part of the lower case 1a. The inside of this sewage masu 11 is a sewage reservoir.

  In addition, the sewage discharged from the homes of each house flows into the sewage basin 11 from the natural sewage inflow pipe 12. That is, an end 12a of a sewage inflow pipe 12 penetrating the lower case 1a is disposed above the sewage basin 11, and the sewage flows into the sewage basin 11 from the open end 12b of the end 12a. ing.

The open end 12b of the sewage inflow pipe 12 is inclined obliquely so as to face downward. In addition, the opening end 12b is provided so that it can be opened and closed by an inflow valve (butterfly valve) 2 attached to the upper end of the end portion 12a so that the upper end of the opening end 12b can be rotated by the rotation shaft 2a. An air intake pipe 1d is attached to the upper end of the lower case 1a.
<Valve drive device>
Further, a valve driving device 3 as valve driving means is disposed at a position facing the inflow valve 2. The valve drive device 3 is fixed to the lower case 1a by a bracket or the like (not shown).

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the valve driving device 3 includes a sealed case 4 composed of cases 4 a and 4 b, a diaphragm 5 having a peripheral edge held at a joint portion of the cases 4 a and 4 b, and a diaphragm 5. It has a cup-shaped piston 6 with a fixed bottom, a rod 7 provided integrally with the piston 6, and a spring 8 interposed between the piston 6 and an end wall 4b1 of the case 4b.

  The rod 7 slidably passes through the end wall 4b1 of the case 4b. The outer end of the rod 7 is hinged to the inflow valve 2. Reference numeral 9 denotes a negative pressure chamber formed between the diaphragm 5 and the case 4b.

  Further, a lower end portion of a suction pipe (sewage suction pipe) 13 extending vertically is disposed in the sewage basin 11, and a vacuum sewage pipe 14 communicating with a vacuum source (not shown) is fixed to the middle case 1b. Yes. An end 14a of the vacuum sewage pipe 14 is disposed in the sewage tank 1 through the middle case 1b. The upper end of the suction pipe 13 is connected to the end of the vacuum sewage pipe 14 via a vacuum valve 15.

When a certain amount (predetermined amount) of sewage is accumulated in the sewage basin 11, the vacuum valve 15 is opened, and the sewage in the sewage basin 11 is sucked from the suction pipe 13. Then, the sewage is sucked into the vacuum sewage pipe 14 through the vacuum valve 15 and collected in the water collection tank of the vacuum pump station, and then sent to the sewage treatment plant or the like by the pressure feed pump. Below, the structure of the vacuum valve 15 is demonstrated.
<Vacuum valve 15>
The vacuum valve 15 has a vacuum valve body 15a as shown in FIGS. The vacuum valve main body 15 a includes first and second housings 21 and 22, and the first and second housings 21 and 22 are integrated by a band clamp 23. Further, the vacuum valve 15 includes a valve body 24, a valve operating chamber 25, a spring 26, and a controller unit 27. The valve body 24 is configured to open and close between the communication passages 28 and 28 'constituting the communication portion (valve passage) between the suction pipe 13 and the vacuum sewage pipe 14 described above. The communication passages 28 and 28 'are formed in the pipe portions 28a and 28a'. A vacuum sewage pipe 14 is connected to the communication path 28, and a suction pipe 13 is connected to the communication path 28 '.

  The valve operating chamber 25 is partitioned from the communication passages 28 and 28 ′ by a partition member 49. A valve rod 29 is slidably held on the partition member 49, a valve body 24 is fixed to one end portion of the valve rod 29, and a cup-shaped plunger 30 is fixed to the other end portion of the valve rod 29. ing. The plunger 30 is slidably accommodated in the valve operating chamber 25.

  The valve working chamber 25 is divided into an upper chamber (upper valve working chamber) 25 a and a lower chamber (lower working chamber) 25 b by the plunger 30. And the negative pressure chamber 9 of the valve drive device 3 is connected to the upper chamber 25a via the hose 9a.

  Further, the spring 26 is built in an upper chamber (upper valve operating chamber) 25 a above the plunger 30 of the valve operating chamber 25 to apply a spring force to the plunger 30. By this spring force, the plunger 30, the valve stem 29, and the valve body 24 are urged toward the valve seat B between the communication passages 28, 28 ', and the valve body 24 is brought into contact with the valve seat B. . An atmospheric communication pipe (breather pipe) 43 is connected to a lower chamber (lower working chamber) 25b below the plunger 30 of the valve working chamber 25 via a hose 46, and is at atmospheric pressure.

  The controller 27 applies a vacuum pressure to the upper chamber of the valve working chamber 25 when the sewage level in the sewage tank (tank) 11 rises, and pulls up the plunger 30 by the pressure difference between the upper and lower chambers (the lower chamber is atmospheric pressure). Thus, an opening force is applied to the valve body 24, the vacuum valve 15 is opened, and the vacuum sewage pipe 14 is conducted to the suction pipe 13.

  The controller unit 27 is configured as follows. As shown in FIG. 5, the controller unit 27 includes first to fifth cylindrical cases 51 to 55 integrated with through bolts.

  Further, the controller unit 27 has a liquid level detection pipe connection port (hose connection member) 56 as shown in FIG. The liquid level detection pipe 37 shown in FIG. 1 is connected to the liquid level detection pipe connection port 56 via a hose 38. As shown in FIG. 1, the lower end of the liquid level detection pipe 37 is disposed in the dirty water 11.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5A, the liquid level detection pipe connection port 56 is connected to the first case 51 via a vibration suppression diaphragm 59. Further, the vibration suppression diaphragm 59 is provided with a minute through hole (not shown) so that the pressure from the liquid level detection pipe connection port 56 acts on the space below the diaphragm 59. It has become. This space communicates with a liquid level detection diaphragm upper chamber 81 described later via a hole 101a. The liquid level detection diaphragm upper chamber 81 is formed above the liquid level detection diaphragm 60. A valve seat 101 is provided around the upper end of the hole 101a.

  Further, the outer peripheral portion of the vibration suppression prevention diaphragm 59 is not fixed, and the air from below passes through the vibration suppression prevention diaphragm 59 as well. The vibration-damping prevention diaphragm 59 faces the lower valve seat 101 and closes the hole 101a of the valve seat 101 when displaced downward. The minute through hole of the diaphragm 59 is provided in a portion not facing the hole 101a and the valve seat 101.

  The third case 53 is provided with a vacuum pressure connection port 57 and an atmospheric pressure connection port 58. The vacuum pressure connection port 57 is connected to the vacuum sewage pipe 14 via the hose 41, and the atmospheric pressure connection port 58 is connected to the atmosphere communication pipe 43 via the hose 44.

  Between the first case 51 and the second case 52, the peripheral edge portion of the liquid level detection diaphragm 60 is held airtight. In addition, a push button PB is provided on the upper portion of the first case 51. The push button PB includes a plunger 61 for manually displacing the liquid level detection diaphragm 60, a spring 63 for biasing the plunger 61 upward, and an elastic body cover 62.

  In addition, a plunger 65 is held under the liquid level detection diaphragm 60 in the second case 52. The plunger 65 is urged upward by a return spring 66 and is provided so as to reach a detection valve 68 installed in the third case 53 when the plunger 65 is pushed down by a downward displacement of the liquid level detection diaphragm 60. .

  Further, an upper chamber 83 as a pressure control chamber is formed between the second case 52 and the third case 53, and a plunger 65 projects into the upper chamber 83. In addition, the detection valve 68 is disposed in the upper chamber 83. A shaft seal such as an O-ring 67 is provided around the insertion portion of the plunger 65 into the upper chamber 83 so as not to cause air leakage in the upper chamber 83.

  Further, the third case 53 includes a passage 57A communicating with the vacuum pressure connection port 57, and the detection valve 68 can open and close the opening (vacuum port) of the passage 57A to the upper chamber 83 during operation. That is, when the detection valve 68 is actuated by the plunger 65, the opening of the passage 57 </ b> A to the upper chamber 83 is opened so that a vacuum force can be introduced into the upper chamber 83.

  Furthermore, valve seats 72 and 73 are provided in the fourth case 54 and the fifth case 55, the upper chamber 85 of the fourth case 54 communicates with the atmosphere through the passage 92, and the lower chamber 87 of the fifth case 55 is The vacuum sewage pipe 14 communicates with the passage 91. A chamber 86 formed by the lower portion of the fourth case 54 and the upper portion of the fifth case 55 communicates with the valve operating chamber 25 of the vacuum valve 15 through a passage 96.

  A valve body 71 is provided between the valve seats 72 and 73. The valve element 71 serves as a three-way valve that guides either the atmosphere or the vacuum to the room 86 by sliding up and down. The valve body 71 is connected to a three-way valve diaphragm 70 provided between the third case 53 and the fourth case 54. A compression spring 69 is provided above the three-way valve diaphragm 70, and the compression spring 69 presses the valve body 71 against the valve seat 73 of the fifth case 55. Further, the third case 53 is provided with a partition wall, and a communication port 88 is provided in a part of the partition wall. The communication port 88 guides the vacuum pressure applied to the upper chamber 83 to the lower chamber 84 when the detection valve 68 is opened.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5A, a needle valve 74 with a diaphragm as a vacuum force release valve is provided in a passage 93 that communicates the inside and outside of the upper chamber 83 (pressure control chamber) of the third case 53. The air gradually enters the upper chamber 83 through the needle valve 74.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the needle valve 74 has a diaphragm 102 attached thereto. The needle valve 74 is urged by a spring 103 in a direction to close the passage 93. Has been. Moreover, the diaphragm 102 is balanced by the pressing pressure of the spring 103 and the vacuum pressure of the vacuum sewage pipe 14 communicating from the passage 95, and the needle valve 74 is displaced to an appropriate position. That is, when the vacuum degree of the vacuum sewage pipe 14 is high, the needle valve 74 opens wide, and when the vacuum degree is low, the needle valve 74 opens small.
[Action]
Next, the operation of the vacuum valve unit having such a configuration will be described.

  When the amount of sewage in the sewage tank 11 is less than a predetermined amount, the inflow valve 2 opens the open end 12b of the sewage inflow pipe 12 as shown in FIGS. In this state, the sewage discharged from each home or the like flows into the sewage basin 11 from the naturally flowing sewage inflow pipe 12.

  When the level of sewage in the sewage basin 11 rises due to the inflow of sewage, the pressure of air in the level detection tube 37 increases. This pressure acts in the liquid level detection diaphragm upper chamber 81 through the microholes of the hose 38 and the vibration suppression prevention diaphragm 59, and the air pressure in the liquid level detection diaphragm upper chamber 81 increases. On the other hand, the liquid level detection diaphragm lower chamber 82 communicates with the atmosphere. Therefore, a pressure difference is generated between the liquid level detection diaphragm upper chamber 81 and the liquid level detection diaphragm lower chamber 82, and the liquid level detection diaphragm 60 is displaced downward by this pressure difference.

  In accordance with this displacement, as shown in FIG. 6, the plunger 65 provided at the lower portion of the liquid level detection diaphragm 60 is pushed by the liquid level detection diaphragm 60 and displaced downward, and the upper chamber of the third case 53 is moved. The detection valve 68 provided at 83 is pushed downward.

  When the plunger 65 is lowered by a predetermined amount (the level of the sewage is raised to a certain level), the detection valve 68 is reversed as shown in FIG. 6, and the vacuum port of the passage 57A is opened.

  Due to the opening operation of the detection valve 68, the upper chamber 83 and the lower chamber 84 are evacuated, and the lower chamber 85 of the three-way valve diaphragm 70 is in communication with the atmosphere, so that the diaphragm 70 causing a pressure difference is pulled upward, Along with this, the valve body 71 also rises and moves from the valve seat 73 of the fifth case 55 to the valve seat 72 of the fourth case 54, and vacuums the chamber 86 that leads to the upper chamber 25a of the working chamber 25 of the vacuum valve body 15a. Let it be in a state.

  Since the valve rod 29 having the valve body 24 is attached to the plunger 30 that divides the working chamber 25 into the upper chamber 25a and the lower chamber 25b, when the vacuum from the chamber 86 acts on the upper chamber 25a, the working chamber 25 The plunger 30 is pulled up by the pressure difference between the upper and lower chambers 25a and 25b (the lower chamber is atmospheric pressure). Along with this, the valve body 24 and the valve stem 29 are pulled up together by the plunger 30, and the valve body 24 is separated from the valve seat B. As a result, the vacuum valve 15 is opened, and the vacuum pressure acting on the vacuum sewage pipe 14 acts on the suction pipe 13 via the communication passages 28, 28 ′ of the vacuum valve 15. The sewage in the sewage basin 11 is sucked up through the suction pipe 13 by this negative pressure and then guided to the vacuum sewage pipe 14 through the communication passages 28 and 28 ′ of the vacuum valve 15.

  As the sewage is sucked up, the level of the sewage in the sewage tank 11 drops rapidly, and the pressure in the sewage tank 1 becomes lower than the atmospheric pressure, so that air flows into the sewage tank 1 from the air intake pipe 1d. . Thereby, the sewage is sucked up smoothly.

  On the other hand, the vacuum pressure acting on the working chamber 25 acts on the negative pressure chamber 9 of the valve drive device 3 of FIG. 2 via the hose 9a, and this negative pressure causes the piston 6 of the valve drive device 3 to spring as shown in FIG. 8 is moved to the inflow valve 2 side against the spring force. Due to this displacement, the rod 7 moves to the inflow valve 2 side, rotates the inflow valve 2 toward the open end 12 b of the sewage inflow pipe 12, and closes the open end 12 b with the inflow valve 2.

  As a result, even if the sewage in the sewage basin 11 is sucked into the suction pipe 13 and the water level of the sewage falls, the pressure in the sewage tank 1 drops below the atmospheric pressure and becomes negative. Is prevented from acting on the sewage trap of each household through the sewage inflow pipe 12 to prevent the sewage trap from being broken.

  Further, when the sewage in the tank is discharged, the liquid level is lowered, the pressurization of the liquid level detection diaphragm 60 is lowered and pushed back by the spring 66 provided on the plunger 65, and the outer peripheral end portion of the vibration damping prevention diaphragm 59. More air escapes immediately.

  Then, the detection valve 68 that has been reversed as shown in FIG. 7 returns to close the vacuum port of the passage 57A, and the vacuum is not introduced into the upper chambers 83 and 84.

  Accordingly, the needle valve 74 maintains the appropriate opening according to the degree of the vacuum pressure of the vacuum sewage pipe 14 while maintaining the atmosphere communication pipe 43, the hose 44, the passage 94, the chamber 82 and the passage below the detection diaphragm 60. Air is introduced into the upper chamber 83 of the third case 53 through 93 and the like. As a result, when the vacuum is not introduced into the upper chambers 83 and 84, the pressure in the upper chamber 83 of the third case 53 is slightly delayed and is in the atmospheric state. As a result, the pressure difference between the two sides of the three-way valve diaphragm 70 disappears, and the three-way valve diaphragm 70 is pushed by the compression spring 69 and returns to its original state. At this time, the valve body 71 moves integrally with the three-way valve diaphragm 70, closes the valve seat 73 of the original fifth case 55, and brings the room leading to the working chamber 25 of the vacuum valve body to the atmospheric state.

  At this time, the atmosphere is taken in through the passage 92, but the lower chamber of the liquid level detection diaphragm 60 is decompressed through the passage 93 and tries to attract the liquid level detection diaphragm 60 downward. However, the diaphragm 59 is attached to the valve seat 101. Since the liquid level detection diaphragm 60 is not displaced downward to attract and close the hole of the valve seat 101 and seal the upper chamber 81 of the liquid level detection diaphragm 60, the plunger 65 located below the lower part is pushed down, and the detection valve 68 is again turned on. It will not be activated.

  The atmosphere flows into the upper chamber 25 a of the working chamber 25 of the vacuum valve 15 through the atmospheric pressure connection port 58 of the controller unit 27 and the atmosphere communication pipe 43. As a result, the pressure difference between the upper and lower chambers 25a and 25b of the working chamber 25 disappears and the vacuum valve 15 is closed.

Along with this, the atmospheric pressure in the upper chamber 25a acts on the negative pressure chamber 9 of the valve drive device (valve drive means) 3 via the hose 9a, and the piston 6 of the valve drive device (valve drive means) 3 It is shifted to the opposite side to the inflow valve 2 by the spring force. Due to this displacement, the rod 7 moves to the side opposite to the inflow valve 2, rotates the inflow valve 2 to the side opposite to the opening end 12 b of the sewage inflow pipe 12, and opens the opening end 12 b into the sewage tank 1. Let As a result, the sewage can flow into the sewage water 11 from the open end 12 b of the sewage inflow pipe 12.
(Modification 1)
In the embodiment described above, when discharging the sewage in the sewage basin 11 to the vacuum sewage pipe 14, the vacuum pressure is applied to the negative pressure chamber 9 of the valve drive device 3 from the upper chamber 25 a constituting the working chamber 25. However, it is not necessarily limited to this.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when the vacuum valve 15 is opened and the vacuum pressure of the vacuum sewage pipe 14 acts on the pipe portion 28a 'of the vacuum valve 15 (the communication passage 28' of FIG. 4), the vacuum pressure is reduced. The open end 12b of the sewage inflow pipe 12 may be closed by the inflow valve 2 by acting on the negative pressure chamber 9 of the valve drive device 3 by the hose 9a.
(Modification 2)
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 9, in the sewage tank 1, the step part 12a1 which goes down the edge part 12a of the sewage inflow pipe 12 and the horizontal part 12a2 which goes in the direction of the sewage inflow pipe end part 12a form an L shape. It is good also as the formed structure.

According to this structure, when the inflow valve 2 opens the open end 12b of the sewage inflow pipe 12 by the valve driving device 3 with the valve closing of the vacuum valve 15, the sewage in the suction pipe 13 becomes sewage. Even if the pressure in the sewage tank 1 is increased, the sewage flowing down to the end 12 a of the sewage inflow pipe 12 can be prevented from flowing back in the sewage inflow pipe 12.
(Modification 3)
As shown in FIG. 10, the air intake pipe 1d includes a horizontal pulling pipe 1d1 that penetrates the middle case 1b, and a rising pipe 1d2 that is connected to the horizontal pulling pipe 1d1. Then, by forming the diameter D of the air intake pipe (air suction pipe) 1d larger than the diameter d of the sewage inflow pipe 12, the cross sectional area of the air intake pipe 1d is formed larger than the cross sectional area of the sewage inflow pipe 12. ing.

As a result, even when a negative pressure is generated in the sewage tank 1 when the sewage in the sewage basin 11 is sucked into the suction pipe 13 by the vacuum pressure, the negative pressure causes the sewage tank 1 to enter the sewage tank 1 in a short time. Since the amount of air flowing in increases, the negative pressure in the sewage tank 1 does not increase. Even if the inflow valve 2 is not provided, when the sewage in the sewage 11 is sucked into the suction pipe 13 by vacuum pressure, the sewage trap in the middle of the building piping is broken by the negative pressure generated in the sewage tank 1. This can be prevented.
(Modification 4)
Furthermore, the same effect can be expected with a configuration in which the diameter of the horizontal pulling pipe 1d1 of the air intake pipe 1d is larger than the diameter of the sewage inflow pipe 12 as shown in FIG.
(Modification 5)
Further, as shown in FIG. 12, by providing a plurality of horizontal pulling pipes 1d1 of the air intake pipe 1d and joining the plurality of horizontal pulling pipes 1d1 to the rising pipe 1d2, sewage in the air intake pipe (air suction pipe) 1d The cross-sectional area on the side of the connecting portion to the tank 1 is formed larger than the cross-sectional area of the sewage inflow pipe 12.

Also in this case, even when a negative pressure is generated in the sewage tank 1 when the sewage in the sewage basin 11 is sucked into the suction pipe 13 by the vacuum pressure, the negative pressure causes the plurality of air intake pipes 1d to enter the sewage tank 1. Since the amount of air flowing in in a short time increases, the negative pressure in the sewage tank 1 does not increase. As a result, even if there is no inflow valve 2, when the sewage in the sewage 11 is sucked into the suction pipe 13 by the vacuum pressure, a sewage trap in the middle of the pipe from the toilet of the building is generated by the negative pressure generated in the sewage tank 1. It can prevent being sealed.
(Other)
FIG. 13 schematically shows the relationship between the vacuum valve unit 10 described above and a toilet trap 200 provided in each household, in order to explain modified examples 6 to 8 described later. In FIG. 13, the illustration of a part of the configuration of the vacuum valve unit 10 described above is omitted, but the vacuum valve unit 10 having a conventional configuration is basically used.

In FIG. 13, a sewage inflow pipe 12 is connected to the sewage tank 1 of the vacuum valve unit 10, and a toilet trap 200 provided in each household is connected to the sewage inflow pipe 12. The sewage inflow pipe 12 is piped so that the sewage drained from the toilet provided in each household in the sewage tank 1 through the trap 200 naturally flows toward the sewage tank 1. An air intake pipe 1 d is connected to the upper part of the sewage tank 1. The vacuum valve unit 10 has a suction pipe 13 connected to a vacuum sewage pipe 14 via a vacuum valve 15. The suction pipe 13 is disposed in the lower end portion of the sewage tank 1. The suction pipe 13 shown in FIG. 13 has a uniform diameter.
(Modification 6)
In the sixth modification, the suction pipe 13 shown in FIG. 14 is used in place of the suction pipe 13 having the uniform diameter shown in FIG. A reduced diameter portion 13b is provided at a lower end portion of the suction pipe 13 of FIG. 14 via a tapered portion 13a.

  This reduced diameter portion 13b traps the amount of fluid (including sewage and air) sucked into the suction pipe 13 when negative pressure generated in the sewage tank 1 acts on the trap 200 via the inflow pipe 12. It is formed with a diameter that makes the flow rate and flow velocity not to break. That is, when the sewage in the sewage tank 1 is sucked into the suction pipe 13 by the vacuum pressure of the vacuum sewage pipe 14, the reduced diameter portion 13 a decelerates the flow rate of the sewage sucked into the suction pipe 13 to reduce the negative pressure in the sewage tank 1. The pressure is set to a value that does not break the trap 200.

  In such a configuration, sewage from a toilet provided in each household flows into the sewage tank 1 by natural flow through the trap 200 and the inflow pipe 12, and a certain amount of sewage is formed in the lower part of the sewage tank 1. When stored, the vacuum valve 15 opens.

  Thereby, the vacuum pressure (negative pressure) of the vacuum sewage pipe 14 acts on the suction pipe 13 via the vacuum valve 15, and the sewage in the sewage tank 1 is sucked into the suction pipe 13 by this vacuum pressure. As the sewage is sucked into the suction pipe 13, the amount of sewage in the sewage tank 1 is reduced, and negative pressure is generated in the sewage tank 1, and external air (air) is generated from the air intake pipe 1 d by this negative pressure. It is sucked into the septic tank 1.

  At this time, since the sewage is sucked in through the reduced diameter portion 13b, the fluid resistance of the sewage sucked into the suction pipe 13 is increased in the reduced diameter portion 13b. As a result, the flow rate of the sewage sucked into the suction pipe 13 is reduced as compared with the case without the reduced diameter part 13b, and the flow rate of the sewage sucked into the suction pipe 13 is decelerated as compared with the case without the reduced diameter part 13b. The negative pressure generated in the sewage tank 1 does not increase suddenly. In other words, the reduced diameter portion 13b reduces the flow rate of the sewage sucked into the suction pipe 13 so that the negative pressure in the sewage tank 1 does not break the trap 200.

  Thereby, since the outside air (air) sucked into the sewage tank 1 from the air intake pipe 1d follows the flow rate (flow velocity) of the sewage sucked into the suction pipe 13, the negative pressure in the sewage tank 1 does not increase. The negative pressure in the sewage tank 1 hardly acts on the toilet trap 200 provided in each household via the inflow pipe 12.

  As a result, when the sewage in the sewage tank 1 is sucked into the suction pipe 13, it is possible to prevent the toilet trap 200 provided in each household from being broken due to the negative pressure generated in the sewage tank 1.

Note that the air intake pipe 1d connected to the sewage tank 1 usually has a diameter of about φ100 mm. The suction pipe 13 has a diameter of φ75 mm. In such a dimension, the reduced diameter portion 13b is formed to have a diameter of, for example, φ50 mm. These dimensions (numerical values) are merely examples, and are not necessarily limited thereto.
(Modification 7)
Instead of the suction pipe 13 having a uniform diameter shown in FIG. 13, a suction pipe 13 as shown in FIG. 15 can be used. The suction pipe 13 in FIG. 15 has a lower-diameter enlarged portion 13c and an upper (vacuum valve side) reduced-diameter portion 13d. The length of the enlarged diameter portion 13c is sufficiently longer than the length of the reduced diameter portion 13d. In this example, the length of the enlarged diameter portion 13 c occupies most of the suction pipe 13.

  In this configuration, when the vacuum pressure (negative pressure) of the vacuum sewage pipe 14 in FIG. 13 acts on the suction pipe 13 via the vacuum valve 15, the sewage in the sewage tank 1 is sucked into the suction pipe 13 by this vacuum pressure.

  At this time, since the vacuum pressure (negative pressure) of the vacuum sewage pipe 14 in FIG. 13 acts on the enlarged diameter portion 13c via the reduced diameter portion 13d, the negative pressure in the enlarged diameter portion 13c is smaller than the reduced diameter portion 13d side. Thus, the flow rate of the sewage sucked into the suction pipe 13 is reduced as compared with the case where there is no expanded diameter part 13c, and the flow rate of the sewage sucked into the suction pipe 13 is reduced as compared with the case where there is no expanded diameter part 13c. That is, when the sewage in the sewage tank 1 is sucked into the suction pipe 13 by the vacuum pressure of the vacuum sewage pipe 14 in FIG. 13, the enlarged diameter portion 13 c reduces the flow rate of the sewage sucked into the suction pipe 13. The negative pressure is set to a value that does not break the trap 200.

  Thereby, when the sewage in the sewage tank 1 is sucked into the suction pipe 13, the flow rate (flow velocity) of the sewage into which the outside air (air) sucked into the sewage tank 1 from the air intake pipe (not shown) is sucked into the suction pipe 13. ), The negative pressure in the sewage tank 1 does not increase, so that the negative pressure in the sewage tank 1 almost acts on the toilet trap 200 provided in each household via an inflow pipe (not shown). There is nothing to do.

  As a result, when the sewage in the sewage tank 1 is sucked into the suction pipe 13, it is possible to prevent the toilet trap 200 provided in each household from being broken due to the negative pressure generated in the sewage tank 1.

For example, when the reduced diameter portion 13d has a normal diameter of φ75 mm, the enlarged diameter portion 13c has a diameter of about φ100 mm.
(Modification 8)
Furthermore, the suction pipe 13 as shown in FIG. 16 can be used instead of the suction pipe 13 having a uniform diameter shown in FIG. FIG. 16 shows an example in which the above-described modification examples 6 and 7 are combined. In FIG. 16, by providing the enlarged diameter part 13e in the middle of the suction pipe 13, the upper and lower parts of the enlarged diameter part 13e in the suction pipe 13 are reduced diameter parts 13f and 13g. The diameters of the diameter portions 13f and 13g are set to be the same. This modification 8 has the effect of combining the modifications 6 and 7.

  That is, in this modification 8, when the sewage in the sewage tank 1 is sucked into the suction pipe 13 by the vacuum pressure (negative pressure) of the vacuum sewage pipe 14 in FIG. 13, the vacuum pressure of the vacuum sewage pipe 14 is reduced to the reduced diameter portion 13f. Therefore, the negative pressure in the enlarged diameter portion 13e becomes smaller than the reduced diameter portion 13f side, and the flow rate of sewage sucked into the suction pipe 13 is smaller than that in the case where there is no enlarged diameter portion 13e. While decreasing, the flow velocity of the sewage sucked into the suction pipe 13 is decelerated as compared with the case where there is no expanded diameter portion 13e, and the negative pressure generated in the sewage tank 1 does not increase rapidly.

  Moreover, since sewage is sucked in through the reduced diameter part 13g, the fluid resistance of the sewage sucked into the suction pipe 13 is increased in the reduced diameter part 13g. As a result, the flow rate of the sewage sucked into the suction pipe 13 is reduced as compared with the case without the reduced diameter portion 13g, and the flow rate of the sewage sucked into the suction pipe 13 is decelerated as compared with the case without the reduced diameter portion 13g. The negative pressure generated in the sewage tank 1 does not increase suddenly.

  Moreover, the enlarged diameter portion 13e and the reduced diameter portion 13g reduce the flow rate of the sewage sucked into the suction pipe 13 when the sewage in the sewage tank 1 is sucked into the suction pipe 13 by the vacuum pressure of the vacuum sewage pipe 14 in FIG. And the flow rate is decelerated to set the negative pressure in the sewage tank 1 to a value that does not break the trap 200.

  Thus, when the sewage in the sewage tank 1 is sucked into the suction pipe 13 by the vacuum pressure of the vacuum sewage pipe 14, the negative pressure in the sewage tank 1 is reduced by the action of the enlarged diameter part 13 e and the reduced diameter part 13 g. Since the trap 200 is set to a value that does not break, the trap 200 can be reliably prevented from being broken.

In addition, the trap breakage countermeasure experiment example about the modification 6 and 8 is shown below.
<Experimental example>

It is sectional drawing of the vacuum valve unit which concerns on this invention. It is action | operation explanatory drawing of the valve drive device of FIG. It is action | operation explanatory drawing of the valve drive device of FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the vacuum valve of FIG. (A) is sectional drawing of the controller part of FIG. 4, (B) is the elements on larger scale of (A). FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for an enlarged operation of the detection valve shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for an enlarged operation of the detection valve shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of the vacuum valve unit which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the further another example of the vacuum valve unit which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of a vacuum valve unit. It is sectional drawing which shows the other modification of a vacuum valve unit. It is sectional drawing which shows the further another modification of a vacuum valve unit. It is explanatory drawing which showed the example of piping with a vacuum valve unit and the trap of a household toilet. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of the suction pipe (sewage suction pipe) of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the other modification of the suction pipe (sewage suction pipe) of FIG. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing still another modified example of the suction pipe (sewage suction pipe) of FIG. 13.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Sewage tank 1d ... Air intake pipe 2 ... Inflow valve (butterfly valve)
3 ... Valve drive device (valve drive means)
7 ... Rod 11 ... Sewage masu 12 ... Sewage inflow pipe 12b ... Open end 13 ... Suction pipe (sewage suction pipe, sewage suction pipe)
13b: Reduced diameter portions 13c, 13e ... Expanded diameter portion 13g ... Reduced diameter portion 14 ... Vacuum sewage pipe 15 ... Vacuum valves 28, 28 '... Communication passage (valve passage)
60 ... Diaphragm (detection means)
68 ... Detection valve

Claims (4)

A sewage tank in which an inflow pipe for naturally flowing down the sewage discharged from the building is connected to the lower part and an end of the vacuum sewage pipe is arranged in the upper part;
A sewage suction pipe having a lower end disposed in a sewage storage section at a lower portion of the sewage tank;
An air intake pipe connected to the sewage tank;
A vacuum valve connecting the upper end of the sewage suction pipe and the vacuum sewage pipe,
Sewage detection means for detecting that the amount of sewage in the sewage storage section exceeds a predetermined amount;
E Bei valve driving means for opening said vacuum valve when said wastewater is detected by the detecting means became more than a predetermined amount,
An inflow valve for opening and closing the open end of the inflow pipe is provided;
A vacuum sewer having valve driving means for opening the open end with the inflow valve when the vacuum valve is closed and closing the open end with the inflow valve when the vacuum valve is opened In the vacuum valve unit of the system,
The vacuum valve includes a valve body disposed in the middle of a valve passage and an operation chamber that drives the valve body to open and close the middle of the valve passage, and the valve driving means is provided in the working chamber of the vacuum valve. A vacuum valve unit of a vacuum sewer system, wherein the vacuum valve unit is provided so as to be operable at an acting pressure . The vacuum valve unit of the vacuum sewer system according to claim 1, wherein the opening end is inclined obliquely downward, and the opening end is opened and closed by rotating around an upper end portion of the oblique opening end. A vacuum valve unit of a vacuum sewer system, wherein a butterfly valve is provided as the inflow valve . The vacuum valve unit of the vacuum sewer system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an end portion in the sewage tank of the inflow pipe is provided with an L-shaped downward step. Vacuum valve unit of the sewer system. The vacuum valve unit of the vacuum sewer system according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein the valve driving means is disposed in a position facing the butterfly valve, and is movable in the butterfly valve side. A piston disposed between the piston and an end wall of the case on the butterfly valve side, and biasing the piston to the opposite side of the butterfly valve, the piston and the piston A diaphragm that holds the piston in the case and a piston that is integrated with the piston so as to form a negative pressure chamber in which the pressure of the working chamber acts can be formed between the end wall and the end wall. A vacuum valve unit for a vacuum sewer system, comprising a rod protruding toward the butterfly valve and having an outer end hinged to the butterfly valve .

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