JP3322968B2 - Water block prevention structure of vacuum sewer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure for preventing a water block in a vacuum sewer system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Vacuum sewerage allows sewage discharged from homes and factories to flow into a sewage sewage pipe through a naturally flowing sewage inflow pipe, and the sewage collected in the sewage sewage is collected and drained through a vacuum sewage pipe. And then sent to a sewage treatment plant by a pressure pump.

[0003] At this time, the sewage trough is provided with a suction pipe which is connected to a vacuum sewer pipe via a vacuum valve. The vacuum valve uses a vacuum pressure applied to a vacuum sewer pipe by a vacuum source provided in the collecting sewage tank as a driving power source.
Then, when the water level of the sewage tank rises above a certain level, the vacuum valve provided at the connection between the suction pipe and the vacuum sewer pipe is opened, and the vacuum source provided at the collecting sewage tank is under vacuum. The vacuum pressure applied to the water pipe is applied to the suction pipe, and the differential pressure between the atmospheric pressure acting on the water surface of the sewage pipe and the vacuum pressure applied to the vacuum sewer pipe draws the sewage in the sewage pipe. It is designed to be sent to a collecting sewage trough via a vacuum drain.

However, in a vacuum type sewer, in order to reduce the burial depth of the vacuum sewer pipe, a serrated pipe having a gentle slope and a lift provided at an intermediate portion is adopted as a pipe of the vacuum sewer pipe. are doing. In vacuum sewers,
If there are obstacles such as rivers and underground pipes (water pipes, electric conduits, etc.) in the laying route, a shelter is provided so that the middle part of the pipeline of the vacuum sewer passes through these obstacles. These lifts and overhangs form a low water level between the upstream vacuum sewer pipe and the downstream vacuum sewer pipe.

For this reason, in a vacuum sewer system, sewage always accumulates at a low water level in a vacuum sewer pipe, and eventually the sediment causes a water block. The water block shuts off the propagation of the vacuum pressure to the upstream side even if the vacuum source provided in the collecting sewage tank applies vacuum pressure to the vacuum sewer pipe, and as a result, disables the vacuum valve, As a result, even if the water level of the sewage tank rises above a certain level, the vacuum valve is not opened, and the sewage overflows in the sewage tank, and the vacuum type sewer is not established.

Therefore, conventionally, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-258424, in a shelter of a vacuum type sewer, two water flow pipes and a vent pipe are arranged in parallel between an upstream side and a downstream side of the shelter. In some cases, even if a water block is generated in the water pipe, the downstream vacuum pressure is transmitted to the upstream side through the ventilation pipe to establish a vacuum sewer system.

[0007]

However, in the prior art in which a water pipe and a ventilation pipe are installed in parallel in a shelter of a vacuum sewer, sewage is always accumulated in the shelter's water pipe.
When the accumulation amount of sewage increases, the ventilation pipes are also blocked by the sewage. For this reason, in this prior art, an on-off valve a is provided on a vent pipe, and an on-off valve b for opening to the atmosphere is provided on an upstream vacuum sewer pipe, and the on-off valve a is closed periodically.
It is necessary to perform a manual operation of opening the on-off valve b to forcibly transport the sewage sediment that is overlying. The opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valves a and b must be performed manually and regularly and reliably, which is complicated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to automatically eliminate a water block generated in a low water level portion such as a lift or a shelter of a vacuum type sewer.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a vacuum sewer water block prevention structure in which an upstream vacuum sewer pipe and a downstream vacuum sewer pipe are connected via a low water level part. The float chamber is communicated, an air inlet is provided at the upper part of the float chamber, and a float valve for opening and closing the air inlet of the float chamber is provided inside the float chamber, and the water level of the low water part exceeds a predetermined value. When the float valve rises, the air introduction port is opened by the rise of the float valve so that the air can be introduced upstream of the low water level portion.

[0010]

When sewage accumulates in a low-water part such as a lift or a shelter of a vacuum type sewer and a water block is generated, the water level in the low-water part rises, and the water in the float chamber communicated with the low-water part is raised. Water levels rise as well. Here, when the float valve rises due to the increase in buoyancy due to the rise in the water level, the air inlet closed by the float valve is opened,
Atmosphere will be introduced upstream of the low water level. Thereby, the sewage sediment at the low water level is air blown by the differential pressure between the atmospheric pressure on the upstream side and the vacuum pressure on the downstream side. That is, the air on the upstream side expands, passes through the low water level portion, blows the sewage sediment at once, and flushes it to the downstream vacuum sewer pipe, thereby automatically eliminating the water block.

The float valve moves up and down according to the water level at the low water level to open and close the air inlet in a timely manner, and does not require any drive power supply. This makes it possible to construct a vacuum sewer system with no power supply as a whole.

[0012]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a vacuum type sewer, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a main part of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a vacuum valve, FIG. Is another cross-sectional view showing the controller section, FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing connection of the float chamber housing to a vacuum type sewer, and FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vacuum type sewer 10 has a sewage inflow pipe 12 connected to a sewage basin 11, a suction pipe 13 communicating with the sewage basin 11, and a vacuum system connected to a vacuum source. It has a vacuum valve 15 that can open and close a communication section with the water pipe 14.

That is, the sewage discharged from each household or the like flows into the sewage basin 11 from a sewage inflow pipe 12 of a natural flow type.
And when sewage accumulates in the sewage sump, the vacuum valve 15 opens,
The sewage in the sewage tank 11 is sucked through the suction pipe 13.
This sewage passes through a vacuum valve 15 and passes through a vacuum drain 14
And is collected in a collecting sewage tank 16 on a vacuum pump, and then sent to a sewage treatment plant or the like by a pressure pump.

At this time, in the vacuum sewer 10, a serrated pipe provided with a lift 17 in the middle part of the vacuum sewer pipe 14 is adopted to reduce the burial depth of the vacuum sewer pipe 14 and lay the vacuum sewer pipe 14. A shelter 18 is provided to pass through obstacles such as rivers and underground pipes on the route. The lift 17 and the overhang 18 form a low water level portion 19 between the upstream vacuum sewer pipe 14A and the downstream vacuum sewer pipe 14B.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the vacuum valve 15 is configured to connect the first and second housings 21 and 22 to the band clamp 2.
3 and includes a valve body 24, a valve operating chamber 25, a spring 26, and a controller 27.

The valve element 24 opens and closes a communication path 28 which constitutes a communication section between the suction pipe 13 and the vacuum discharge pipe 14.

The valve operating chamber 25 includes a valve valve body 24 and a valve rod 29.
Slidably accommodates the cup-shaped plunger 30 connected via the.

The spring 26 is a plunger 30 of the valve operating chamber 25.
It is housed in the upper chamber and exerts a spring force on the plunger 30 to apply a closing force to the valve element 24.

When the level of the sewage in the sewage tank 11 rises, the controller section 27 applies a vacuum pressure to the valve operating chamber 25 to apply an opening force to the valve valve body 24, and opens the vacuum valve 15 to open the suction pipe 13. Then, the vacuum discharge pipe 14 is made conductive.

The controller 27 is configured as follows.

As shown in FIG. 5, the controller 27
The first to fifth cylindrical cases 51 to 55 are integrated by bolts. Usually the fourth case 54
To the second housing 22 of the vacuum valve 15 with the band clamp 3.
6 are integrated.

The controller section 27 has a water level detection pipe connection port 56 to which a water level detection pipe 37 communicating with the sewage basin 11 is connected via a hose 38. The water level detection pipe connection port 56 is connected to the first case 51 via a diaphragm 59. A small through hole is provided in the diaphragm 59 so that pressure is transmitted.

The controller 27 is provided with a vacuum connection port 57 to which the vacuum discharge pipe 14 is connected via a hose 41.
Is provided in the third case 53.

The controller 27 has an atmospheric pressure connection port 58 to which the atmosphere communication pipe 43 is connected via a hose 44.
Is provided in the third case 53.

The first case 51 and the second case 52 are connected via a water level detection diaphragm 60. The upper part of the first case 51 has a push button composed of a plunger 61, a spring 63 and an elastic cover 62 so that the water level detection diaphragm 60 can be manually displaced. The second case 52 has a plunger 65 under the diaphragm 60.
However, it is provided so as to reach the detection valve 68 installed in the third case 53. A shaft seal such as an O-ring 67 is provided around the insertion portion of the plunger 65 into the chamber 83 so that air does not leak into the upper chamber 83 as a pressure control chamber formed by the second case 52 and the third case 53. Is provided.

The detection valve 68 is disposed in the room 83 and is operated by the plunger 65 so that a vacuum force can be introduced into the room 83. That is, the third case 53 includes a passage 57A communicating with the vacuum pressure connection port 57, and the detection valve 68 can open and close the opening of the passage 57A to the room 83. The detection valve 68 has a tongue 68B at the tip of the leaf spring 68A that can close the opening of the passage 57A. When the leaf spring 68A is elastically pushed by the plunger 61, the tongue 68B
Is separated from the opening of the passage 57A, the opening is opened, and the room 8 is opened.
3 allows a vacuum force to be introduced. 66 is a return spring of the plunger 65.

The fourth case 54 and the fifth case 55 are provided with valve seats 72 and 73, and the upper case 85 of the fourth case 54 is provided.
Communicates with the atmosphere through a passage 92, and the fifth case 5
The lower chamber 87 of 5 communicates with the vacuum exhaust pipe through a passage 91. A chamber 86 formed by the lower portion of the fourth case 54 and the upper portion of the fifth case 55 is provided with a passage 93 in the working chamber 25 of the vacuum valve body.
Through. The valve element 71 provided between the two valve seats 72 and 73 serves as a three-way valve to guide either the atmosphere or the vacuum to the room 86 by moving up and down. The valve body 71 is connected to a three-way valve diaphragm 70 provided between the third case 53 and the fourth case 54, and a compression spring 69 is provided above the diaphragm 70, and is pressed against a valve seat 73 of the fifth case 55. Have been. Third case 5
3 is provided with a partition wall, but has a communication port 88 in a part thereof. When the detection valve 68 is operated and opened, the upper chamber 83 is opened.
Is applied to the lower chamber 84. A needle valve 74 is provided in the upper chamber 83 of the third case 53, and the air gradually enters through the needle valve 74.

The controller 27 of the vacuum valve operates as follows. When the water level in the sewage tank 11 rises, the water level detection pipe 3
7, since the air pressure in the hose 38 and the water level detection diaphragm upper chamber 81 rises, and the water level detection diaphragm lower chamber 82 communicates with the atmosphere, the water level detection diaphragm 60 having a pressure difference is displaced downward.

The plunger 65 provided below the water level detection diaphragm 60 is pushed downward by the displacement of the diaphragm 60 to be displaced downward, and pushes down the detection valve 68 provided in the upper chamber 83 of the third case 53 to open.

The operation of the detection valve 68 causes the third case chamber 8
Since the pressure in the vacuum chambers 3 and 84 is reduced and the lower chamber 85 of the three-way valve diaphragm 70 communicates with the atmosphere, the diaphragm 70 having a pressure difference is pulled downward, and the valve body 71 is also raised. The chamber 86 is moved from the valve seat 73 of the fifth case 55 to the valve seat 72 of the fourth case 54, and the chamber 86 communicating with the working chamber 25 of the vacuum valve body is evacuated. Thereby, the vacuum valve main body is opened, and the sewage in the sewage basin is discharged into the vacuum discharge pipe 14.

When the liquid in the sewage basin is discharged, the water level drops, and the pressurization of the water level detection diaphragm 60 decreases.
It is pushed back by a spring 66 provided on the plunger 65, and accordingly, the detection valve 68 is closed to the initial state.

Since the vacuum in the chamber 83 of the third case 53 is taken in through the needle valve 74,
With a slight time delay, the state becomes atmospheric, and the pressure difference between the two sides of the three-way valve diaphragm 70 disappears, the spring 69 pushes the valve back to the original state, and the valve body 71 also returns to the original valve seat 73 of the fifth case 55. It closes and makes the room which communicates with the working chamber 25 of the vacuum valve main body to the atmospheric state. As a result, the vacuum valve main body is closed.

However, in the case of the vacuum sewer 10, for example, a shelter 18 (the same applies to the lift 17) in the vacuum sewer pipe 14.
The sewage always accumulates in the low water level portion 19 formed in the water, and the sediment leads to the formation of a water block. Even if the water source applies a vacuum pressure to the vacuum sewer pipe 14,
The transmission of this vacuum pressure to the upstream side is cut off, and as a result, the vacuum valve 15 cannot be driven. As a result, even if the water level of the sewage water 11 rises above a certain level, the vacuum valve 15 is not opened and the sewage water becomes sewage water. Overflows and the vacuum sewer system is not established.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the vacuum type sewer 10 communicates a float chamber 102 defined by the float housing 101 with the low water level portion 19 by a communication pipe 101A as a structure for preventing the water block, as shown in FIG. An air inlet 103 is provided above the float chamber 102 in 101, and the air inlet 10 of the float chamber 102 is provided.
A float valve 104 that opens and closes 3 is provided inside the float chamber 102. Reference numeral 105 denotes a flat seal portion of the float valve 104 that opens and closes the air inlet 103. Also, 10
Reference numeral 6 denotes a cover, and 107 denotes a guide for guiding the float valve 104 in the vertical direction.

In the vacuum type sewer 10, a water block is formed in the low water level portion 19 so that the water level in the low water level portion 19 is a predetermined constant value, that is, the dangerous water level H (FIG. 6).
When the pressure exceeds (A), the air inlet 103 is opened by raising the float valve 104 to introduce air to the upstream side of the low water level portion 19, and the atmospheric pressure of the upstream vacuum sewer pipe 14A and the atmospheric pressure of the downstream vacuum sewer pipe 14B are reduced. The water block is eliminated by air blowing the sewage sediment in the low water level portion 19 by a pressure difference from the vacuum pressure.

Atmospheric inlet 103 by float valve 104
Is as follows. (1) The water level of the low water level section 19 is normally as shown in FIG. 6A, the float valve 104 closes the air inlet 103, and the pressure of the float chamber 102 is reduced by the vacuum pressure P in the vacuum sewer pipe 14. _It is almost equivalent to ₂ . The atmospheric pressure is P ₁ , the mass of the float valve 104 is W, the seal area of the seal portion 105 is A,
Let the density of sewage be ρ and the acceleration of gravity be g.

(2) When the water level of the low water level section 19 rises to the level shown in FIG. 6B, which is lower than the dangerous water level H, when the submersion accumulation of the float valve 104 reaches V ₁ , the float valve 104 has V ₁ ρ.
Buoyancy occurs. At this time, the gravity W of the float valve 104
The resultant force of g and the sealing force (P ₁ + P ₂ ) A of the sealing portion 105 exceeds the buoyancy, and the air inlet 103 does not open. Wg + (P ₁ + P ₂ ) A> V ₁ ρ (1)

(3) The water level of the low water level portion 19 is as shown in FIG.
When the dangerous water level H is reached, the float valve 104
Buoyancy V_Two ρ is the gravity Wg of the float valve 104 and the seal portion
105 sealing force (P₁ + P_Two ) Atmosphere won by A's resultant force
The inlet 103 opens. As a result, the atmosphere is
02 enters the upstream side of the low water level section 19 and
Drain sediment wastewater downstream. At this time, the float chamber 1
02 pressure is atmospheric pressure P ₁ become. Wg + (P₁ + P_Two ) A ≦ V_Two ρ ……… (2)

(4) The water block in the low water level section 19 is eliminated by the above (3), and the water level in the low water level section 19 is reduced as shown in FIG.
(D), the gravity W of the float valve 104 decreases.
g wins over buoyancy V ₃ ρ, the air inlet 103 is closed,
The pressure in the float chamber 102 is substantially equal to the vacuum pressure P ₂ of the vacuum sewer pipe 14 again, returning to (1). Wg = V ₃ P (3) The relationship between V ₁ , V ₂ and V ₃ is V ₃ <V ₁ <V ₂ .

The connection structure of the float housing 101 at the low water level portion 19 is such that the communication pipe 101A is connected to the low water level portion 1.
9 (FIG. 7A), a saddle 108 is fused to the low water level portion 19, and the socket 1 is attached to the saddle 108.
The fusion bonding for fusing the communication pipe 101A through the joint 09 (FIG. 7)
(B)) and the like.

The communicating portion of the float housing 101 with the low water level portion 19 may be at any position in the pipe circumferential direction of the low water level portion 19, and may be at any of the upper, horizontal and lower positions (FIG. 8).

Hereinafter, the operation of the vacuum sewer 10 will be described. (1) During the normal operation of the vacuum sewer 10, the vacuum source provided in the collecting sewage tank 16 applies a vacuum pressure to the downstream vacuum drain 14B to the upstream vacuum drain 14A of the vacuum drain 14. Then, when the level of the sewage in the sewage tank 11 exceeds a certain level, the vacuum valve 15 switches the upstream vacuum drain 14A.
The sewage in the sewage tank 11 is opened from the suction pipe 13 through the vacuum valve 15 to the vacuum sewage pipe 14 and collected by the collecting sewage tank 16.

(2) When a water block occurs due to the accumulation of sewage in the low water level 19 of the vacuum sewer 10, the vacuum pressure of the vacuum source provided in the collecting sewage tank 16 is reduced to the low water level 1.
9 and does not reach the upstream vacuum sewer 14A. At this time, the water level of the low water level part 19 is the dangerous water level H.
Is exceeded, the float valve 104 opens the air inlet 103 of the float chamber 102 and introduces the air upstream of the low water level portion 19. Thereby, the sewage sediment in the low water level part 19 is:
The atmospheric pressure of the upstream vacuum drain 14A and the downstream vacuum drain 1
Air blow is performed by the differential pressure from the vacuum pressure of 4B, and the water block is eliminated.

(3) When the water block is eliminated by the above (2), the float valve 104 is re-opened to the air inlet 103.
And the vacuum pressure of the vacuum source provided in the collecting sewage tank 16 again reaches the upstream vacuum drain 14A, and the vacuum valve 15
Is restored, and the operation returns to (1).

The operation of this embodiment will be described below.
When sewage accumulates in the low-water part 19 of the vacuum type sewer 10, such as the lift 17 and the overpass 18, causing a water block, the water level of the low-water part 19 rises and is communicated with the low-water part 19. The water level in the float chamber 102 also rises. Here, when the float valve 104 rises due to the increase in buoyancy caused by the rise in the water level, the air inlet 103 closed by the float valve 104 is opened, and the air is introduced to the upstream side of the low water level portion 19. Become. As a result, the sewage sediment in the low water level portion 19 is blown by the differential pressure between the atmospheric pressure on the upstream side and the vacuum pressure on the downstream side. That is,
The air on the upstream side expands and passes through the low water level portion 19 to blow air from the sewage sediment at once, and the downstream vacuum drain 1
4B, and the water block is automatically eliminated.

The float valve 14 moves up and down according to the water level of the low water level portion 19 to open and close the air inlet 103 in a timely manner, and does not require any drive power supply. Thereby, the vacuum sewer 10 without power supply can be constructed as a whole.

The water block prevention structure shown in FIG.
Is substantially the same as the water block prevention structure of FIG. The difference between the water block prevention structure of FIG. 9 and the water block prevention structure of FIG. 6 is that the seal portion 105 is a conical seal portion.

The water block prevention structure of FIG. 10 is substantially different from the water block prevention structure of FIG.
The float valve 104 is connected to the air inlet 10 of the float chamber 102.
3 is delayed after opening the air inlet 103 until the air inlet 103 is closed again. That is, the float chamber 102 is the first chamber 102 directly communicating with the low water level section 19.
A and a second chamber 102B communicating with the first chamber 102A through a small hole 111, and a float valve 104 is provided inside the second chamber 102B.

Therefore, in the water block prevention structure shown in FIG. 10, a water block is generated in the low water level portion 19, and the water levels in the first chamber 102A and the second chamber 102B are set at the dangerous water level H.
After the float valve 104 in the second chamber 102B rises and opens the air introduction port 103, even if the accumulated sewage in the low water level portion 19 is flushed downstream and the water level in the first chamber 102A decreases. The presence of the small holes 111 delays the lowering of the water level in the second chamber 102B. Thereby, until the delay time until the water level of the second chamber 102B falls below the dangerous water level H,
The float valve 104 keeps the air inlet 103 open, and air can be introduced upstream of the low water level 19 until the water block in the low water level 19 is completely eliminated.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and a design change or the like may be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. Even if present, it is included in the present invention. For example, the upper space of the float chamber 102 is connected to the upstream vacuum sewer pipe 14A by an air inlet pipe, and the air introduced into the float chamber 102 by opening the air inlet port 103 is used for the upstream vacuum sewer pipe by the air inlet pipe. 14A may be introduced.

[0052]

As described above, according to the present invention, when a water block occurs at a low water level such as a lift or a shelter of a vacuum sewer, this can be automatically eliminated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a vacuum type sewer.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a main part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a vacuum valve.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a controller unit.

FIG. 5 is another sectional view showing a controller unit.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the float chamber housing to a vacuum type sewer.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a communication mode of a float chamber to a vacuum type sewer.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Vacuum sewer 14 Vacuum sewer 14A Upstream vacuum sewer 14B Downstream vacuum sewer 19 Low water level 102 Float chamber 103 Atmospheric inlet 104 Float valve

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] In a vacuum sewer water block prevention structure in which an upstream vacuum sewer pipe and a downstream vacuum sewer pipe are connected through a low water part, a float chamber is communicated with the low water part, and a float chamber is provided. An air inlet is provided in the upper part of the float chamber, and a float valve for opening and closing the air inlet of the float chamber is provided inside the float chamber. When the water level of the low water level exceeds a predetermined value, the float valve rises. A water block prevention structure for a vacuum sewer, wherein the air introduction port is opened so that air can be introduced upstream of the low water level portion.