JP5143144B2 - Logging device and logging method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a logging device and a logging method. In particular, the present invention relates to a structure of a device for cutting a tree that becomes an obstacle of an overhead line or a transmission line, and a method for cutting.

  When trees that grow in mountainous areas grow, there is a concern of contact with overhead lines or power transmission lines. Therefore, with permission from the landowner, trees that obstruct overhead or transmission lines may be cut down.

  In general, in such logging, a rope or wire is tied to the top of the tree, and the rope or wire is pulled to tilt the tree with the root cut away from the overhead or transmission line. . By the way, in the logging method mentioned above, there existed a malfunction that a tree might fall in the direction approaching an overhead line or a power transmission line.

  Also, in recent years, from the viewpoint of environmental protection, landowners have required minimum logging. Therefore, logging is carried out using a selective logging (so-called “cut-out”) technique in which only specific trees that become obstacles are cut from the target area.

  On the other hand, in this selective cutting operation (a kind of logging operation), a so-called “bare tree” that falls on the surrounding trees may occur unless the tree felling direction is ensured. If this “bare tree” is not properly processed, the safety of workers cannot be ensured, and the occurrence of the “bare tree” itself has been a factor that increases the cost of logging.

  In order to eliminate such problems, the logging device is suspended from the air by the heavy material aerial conveyance device, and even if the landform of the logging site is a steep slope, the operator grasps the situation while watching the monitor in a safe place. However, a logging device is disclosed that can carry a logging device from the air to a logging site by remote control, cut a specific tree as a standing tree, and transport the tree to a fence as it stands (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  The felling device according to Patent Document 1 suspends a tubular frame configured to surround a tree trunk from the air and is moored. Then, a tree gripping device is attached to the tubular frame, a chainsaw horizontally attached to the lower portion of the tubular frame, a chainsaw cutting device, a chainsaw turning device capable of moving the cutting position up and down, and a wedge driving for driving a wedge into the chain saw cutting groove. The operator can operate the logging device composed of the device, the control device that is remotely controlled, and the power generation type power source by the engine with the remote control device provided on the ground.

  On the other hand, in the felling device for cutting the upper end of the tree, the structure is simple and compact, making it extremely small and lightweight, making it easy to transport in the mountains and improving workability. A logging device is disclosed that reduces the danger of workers by performing the operations that have been harvested from the ground (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  The felling device according to Patent Document 2 moves up and down a mechanism that rotates a band saw on the outer periphery of a U-shaped machine frame and rotates a saw-tooth portion exposed at the U-shaped opening on an arc locus. In addition to being provided on the device, a mechanism for guiding the standing tree to the recess of the machine frame is provided, and a clamping device is provided below the cutting device, and the drive source is a detachable battery. The weight can be reduced.

JP 2002-209457 A JP 2006-109814 A

  The logging device according to Patent Document 1 cuts a tree in a standing state without felling a specific tree, and transports the tree to another place with a heavy material transport device, so that the safety of workers is ensured. Even if the topography of the logging area is steep, the logging equipment can be carried in.

  However, the logging device according to Patent Document 1 is a balloon that is remotely operated with the heavy material transport device as an entity, and it is difficult to mount the suspended logging device on an overhead line or a tree directly under a power transmission line. There is a problem that.

  The felling device according to Patent Document 2 is effective for “core cutting” that cuts only the tip of the tree without the worker climbing the tree, but is applied to “root cutting” that cuts the tree from the root. There is a problem that it is difficult to do.

  If a logging device and method that can `` cut down roots '' can be realized in the state of standing trees without felling trees directly under and around overhead lines or power transmission lines, safety during logging work Can be secured, and the cost can be reduced by improving the efficiency of logging operations. The above can be said to be the subject of the present invention.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and it is possible to cut roots on the ground without cutting down the trees, and the cutting device and the cutting which are safe and have excellent work efficiency. It aims to provide a method.

  The present inventors use a pair of chucks to configure a felling device so as to hold a tree (standing tree) at a predetermined height from the root, and cut the tree from the root to a predetermined length, so-called, After removing the trees that have been cut into pieces, the trees are dropped by their own weight, and by repeatedly repeating the pieces of balls, it has been found that these problems can be solved. It came to invent an apparatus and a logging method.

  (1) A logging device according to the present invention is a logging device that sequentially cuts a standing tree from its root to a predetermined length, and surrounds the tree so as to cross the root of the tree. Substrates, a pair of struts erected from both wings of each of these substrates, and a pair of separable first upper portions supported by the upper ends of these struts and enclosing across the top of the trees A board, and a pair of detachable intermediate boards disposed between the board and the first upper board and supported by the middle part of the pair of support columns, wherein the board comprises a tree. A first pressing plate that presses toward the approximate center of the tree, and the first upper plate presses toward the approximate center of the tree and decelerates the falling speed due to the weight of the tree. The intermediate board advances and retreats so that the tree can be attached and detached. Has two pressing plates, trees are cut between the pair of substrates and a pair of said intermediate plate.

  (2) The logging device according to the present invention further includes a pair of second upper plates disposed between the pair of first upper plates and the pair of intermediate plates and separated so as to cross the upper part of the tree. The second upper plate has a set of second braking means that presses toward the approximate center of the tree and decelerates the falling speed due to the weight of the tree, and the pair of second braking means includes: It is preferable that the one-to-one set of the first braking means is interlocked.

  (3) The logging device according to the present invention further includes a substantially rectangular receiving plate that is disposed in a substantially horizontal state between the pair of substrates and the pair of intermediate plates, and is lowered by mounting the cut tree. It is preferable that the receiving plate has ratchet devices that are connected to the pair of support columns at four corners, and these ratchet devices reduce the falling speed due to the weight of the cut tree.

  (4) The felling device according to the present invention includes a first shaft member that stands up from one corner of the substrate outside the support column, and one end portion detachably connected to the first shaft member, and the other end portion receiving the receiving member. And an advancing / retracting arm for supporting the plate.

  (5) The logging device according to the present invention includes a second shaft member that stands up from one corner of the substrate outside the support column, one end portion detachably connected to the second shaft member, and a chain saw at the other end portion. And a rotating arm to be supported.

  (6) In the felling device according to the present invention, the pair of struts is formed of a hollow pipe having a female threaded portion at the upper end, and the male threaded portion that is built in the strut and screwed into the female threaded portion is the upper end of the strut. A threaded rod that protrudes from the lower end of the column and has a rotating handle on the shaft that protrudes from the lower end of the support, an annular gripping member that grips a tree positioned above the pair of first upper plates, and one end Four string-like members that engage with the gripping member, the male threaded portion has a first annular member at the tip, and the gripping members are arranged at substantially equal intervals. Two second annular members on the outer periphery, and the string-like member includes a hook whose one end is anchored to the second annular member so as to be freely engageable, and the other end via the first annular member. A connecting portion that is anchored to the first upper plate, and advancing and retreating amounts of the four screw rods It is preferred that the adjustment to correct the attitude of trees.

  (7) The logging method according to the present invention includes a pair of separable opposing substrates sandwiched so as to cross the root of a tree, a pair of struts standing from both wings of these substrates, and these struts A pair of opposing first upper plates that are supported by the upper end of the tree and are separable so as to cross the top of the tree, and are disposed between the substrate and the first upper plate, A pair of separable intermediate plates supported by an intermediate portion, wherein the substrate has a first pressing plate that presses toward a substantial center of the tree, and the first upper plate is a tree A cutting device having a pair of first braking means that presses substantially toward the center and decelerates the falling speed due to the weight of the tree, and the intermediate plate includes a second pressing plate that removably advances and retracts the tree. Use the standing tree to the predetermined length from its root Next, a cutting method for cutting, a tree having a predetermined length from its root within a range of the pair of substrates and the pair of intermediate plates while maintaining a state in which the pair of second pressing plates are advanced from each other The first step of cutting the trees cut into pieces, and the pair of the second pressing plates are moved backward while operating the first braking means of the one-to-one set, and the cut trees are removed. While maintaining the state where the second step of dropping by the weight of the tree to the root of the tree and the pair of second pressing plates advanced from each other, the trees cut within the range of the pair of substrates and the pair of intermediate plates are lowered A third step of cutting the end-cut surface to a predetermined length and removing the timbered trees, and the second step and the third step are alternately repeated.

  The logging device according to the present invention is configured in an arrow shape so as to surround a standing tree, cut to a predetermined length from the root of the tree, and after removing the timbered tree, the tree is dropped by its own weight. Thus, by repeating the ball cutting sequentially, it is possible to cut down the roots of a specific tree in a standing state without cutting down the trees directly under and around the overhead or transmission line.

It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the felling apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the felling apparatus by the said embodiment. It is a right view of the felling apparatus by the said embodiment. It is a top view of the felling apparatus by the said embodiment. It is a cross-sectional view of the felling apparatus by the said embodiment, and sees a pair of intermediate | middle board from upper direction. It is a cross-sectional view of the felling apparatus by the said embodiment, and is watching the receiving plate from upper direction. It is a left view of the said receiving plate. It is the bottom view to which the principal part of the said receiving plate was expanded. FIG. 9 is a left side view of FIG. 8. It is AA arrow sectional drawing of FIG. It is BB arrow sectional drawing of FIG. It is the schematic which looked at the felling apparatus by the said embodiment from the front, and is a state change figure which shows operation | movement of a felling apparatus. It is the schematic which looked at the felling apparatus by the said embodiment from the front, and is a state change figure which shows the operation | movement which corrects a small eccentric tree. It is a state change figure which shows the procedure of felling the tree which stands on an inclined land using the felling apparatus by the said embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[Configuration of logging equipment]
Initially, the structure of the felling apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a logging device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of the logging device according to the embodiment.

  FIG. 3 is a right side view of the logging device according to the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the logging device according to the embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the logging device according to the embodiment, and a pair of intermediate plates is viewed from above.

  Referring to FIGS. 1 to 5, a logging device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a pair of separable opposing substrates 1 a and 1 b that enclose so as to cross the root of a tree W. Further, the felling device 10 includes a pair of columns 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d that stand up from both wings of the pair of substrates 1a and 1b.

  A first upper plate 3a is supported on the upper ends of the pair of support columns 2a and 2b. A first upper plate 3b is supported on the upper ends of the pair of support columns 2c and 2d. The pair of first upper plates 3a and 3b surrounds the upper portion of the tree W. The pair of first upper plates 3a and 3b face each other so as to be separable.

  An intermediate plate 4a is disposed between the substrate 1a and the first upper plate 3a. An intermediate plate 4b is disposed between the substrate 1b and the first upper plate 3b. The intermediate plate 4a is supported by an intermediate portion of the pair of support columns 2a and 2b. The intermediate plate 4b is supported by an intermediate portion of the pair of support columns 2c and 2d. The pair of intermediate plates 4a and 4b face each other so as to be separable.

  The board | substrate 1a has the 1st press board 1c pressed toward the approximate center of the tree W. As shown in FIG. The substrate 1b has a first pressing plate 1d that presses toward the approximate center of the tree W. The first pressing plate 1c is configured to be slidable with the upper surface of the substrate 1a. The first pressing plate 1d is configured to be slidable on the upper surface of the substrate 1b.

  The substrate 1a has a pair of tension coil springs 1s and 1s. One end of the tension coil spring 1s is locked to the first pressing plate 1c, and the other end is locked to the substrate 1a. The pair of tension coil springs 1s and 1s urges the first pressing plate 1c toward the tree W with respect to the substrate 1a.

  Similarly, the substrate 1b is provided with a pair of tension coil springs 1s and 1s. One end of the tension coil spring 1s is locked to the first pressing plate 1d, and the other end is locked to the substrate 1b. The pair of tension coil springs 1s and 1s urges the first pressing plate 1d toward the tree W with respect to the substrate 1b.

  The first pressing plate 1c is formed with an arc portion 11c cut out by a semicircular arc larger than the assumed outer diameter of the root of the tree W. Similarly, the first pressing plate 1d is formed with an arc portion 11d cut out by a semicircular arc larger than the assumed outer diameter of the root of the tree W. In the arc portion 11c and the arc portion 11d, saw blades that can bite into the outer periphery of the tree W are formed.

  A pair of ball screws 1e and 1e are arranged at the bottom of the pair of substrates 1a and 1b so as to cross the substrates 1a and 1b. A rotary handle 1f is fixed to the end of the ball screw 1e.

  When the pair of rotary handles 1f and 1f are rotated in one direction, the pair of substrates 1a and 1b can be moved in directions toward each other. And a pair of 1st press board 1c * 1d can clamp the root of the tree W. FIG. On the other hand, when the pair of rotary handles 1f and 1f are rotated in the other direction, the pair of substrates 1a and 1b can be moved away from each other and separated.

  Legs 12 projecting outward are provided on both wings of the pair of substrates 1a and 1b. The leg piece 12 supports an anchor 1g that can be driven into the ground. The base end portion of the anchor 1g is supported by the leg piece 12 via a relatively hard rubber bush. Accordingly, the substrates 1a and 1b can be slightly moved while the four anchors 1g are driven into the ground.

  The illustrated anchor 1g is an add-on anchor whose length can be changed. The length of the four anchors 1g can be adjusted as appropriate, and the felling device 10 can be erected even on an inclined land.

  Referring mainly to FIG. 4, the first upper plate 3a has a pair of double acting cylinders 3c and 3c arranged on the upper surface. The pair of double-acting cylinders 3c and 3c are arranged such that their piston rods advance and retreat toward the approximate center Q of the tree W. Similarly, the first upper plate 3b has a pair of double acting cylinders 3c and 3c arranged on the upper surface. The pair of double-acting cylinders 3c and 3c are arranged such that their piston rods advance and retreat toward the approximate center Q of the tree W.

  A roller 31c is attached to the tip of the piston rod of the double acting cylinder 3c. The roller 31c forms a V-shaped groove like a pulley (pulley). Therefore, the roller 31c can roll while contacting the outer periphery of the tree W at two points. And the fall speed by the dead weight of the tree W can be decelerated when a pair of roller 31c presses the outer periphery of the tree W.

  The double acting cylinder 3c is preferably a pneumatic cylinder, and can press the tree W at a constant pressure regardless of the outer diameter of the tree W within the range of the stroke of the piston rod. In addition, the pneumatic cylinder has an advantage that the response speed is faster than the hydraulic cylinder. Here, the double-acting cylinder 3c and the roller 31c constitute “first braking means” that decelerates the falling speed due to the weight of the tree W.

  Referring mainly to FIG. 5, the intermediate plate 4 a has a second pressing plate 4 c that advances and retreats with respect to the outer periphery of the tree W. The intermediate plate 4b has a second pressing plate 4d that advances and retreats with respect to the outer periphery of the tree W. The second pressing plate 4c is configured to be slidable with the upper surface of the intermediate plate 4a. The second pressing plate 4d is configured to be slidable with the upper surface of the intermediate plate 4b.

  The intermediate plate 4a is provided with a pair of tension coil springs 4s and 4s. One end of the tension coil spring 4s is locked to the second pressing plate 4c, and the other end is locked to the intermediate plate 4a. The pair of tension coil springs 4s and 4s urge the second plate 4c toward the tree W with respect to the intermediate plate 4a.

  Similarly, the intermediate plate 4b is provided with a pair of tension coil springs 4s and 4s. One end of the tension coil spring 4s is locked to the second pressing plate 4d, and the other end is locked to the intermediate plate 4b. The pair of tension coil springs 4s and 4s urge the second plate 4d toward the tree W with respect to the intermediate plate 4b.

  The second pressing plate 4c is formed with an arc portion 41c cut out by a semicircular arc larger than the assumed outer diameter of the root of the tree W. Similarly, the second pressing plate 4d is formed with an arc portion 41d cut out by a semicircular arc larger than the assumed outer diameter of the root of the tree W. In the arc portion 41c and the arc portion 41d, saw blades that can bite into the outer periphery of the tree W are formed.

  Note that the pair of second pressing plates 4c and 4d may be the same as the pair of first pressing plates 1c and 1d. Also, a pair of third pressing plates 4e, 4e, 4d are formed on the pair of second pressing plates 4c, 4d so that an arc diameter smaller than the arc diameter of the arc portions 41c, 41d is formed so that the tree W having a small outer diameter can be attached and detached. 4f may be laminated by screwing. Further, the third pressing plates 4e and 4f may be laminated on the pair of first pressing plates 1c and 1d by screwing.

  Referring mainly to FIG. 5, a single acting cylinder 4g is attached to the intermediate plate 4a. A single acting cylinder 4h is attached to the intermediate plate 4b. The tip of the piston rod of the single acting cylinder 4g is locked to the second pressing plate 4c. The tip of the piston rod of the single acting cylinder 4h is locked to the second pressing plate 4d.

  When the pair of single acting cylinders 4g and 4h are actuated, the pair of second pressing plates 4c and 4d can be moved away from each other. When the pair of single acting cylinders 4g and 4h are released (not actuated), the pair of second pressing plates 4c and 4d can be moved toward each other by the biasing force of the pair of tension coil springs 4s and 4s. In this way, the pair of second pressing plates 4c and 4d can be attached and detached.

  Referring to FIGS. 1 to 5, the logging device 10 according to the embodiment further includes a pair of opposing second upper plates 5 a and 5 b that surround the tree W so as to cross the tree W. The second upper plate 5a is disposed between the first upper plate 3a and the intermediate plate 4a. The second upper plate 5b is disposed between the first upper plate 3b and the intermediate plate 4b.

  The 2nd upper board 5a is supported by the intermediate part of one set of support | pillars 2a * 2b. The 2nd upper board 5b is supported by the intermediate part of one set of support | pillars 2c * 2d. The pair of second upper plates 5a and 5b face each other so as to be separable.

  Referring mainly to FIG. 4, the second upper plate 5a has a pair of double acting cylinders 5c and 5c arranged on the upper surface. The pair of double-acting cylinders 5c and 5c are arranged such that their piston rods advance and retreat toward the approximate center Q of the tree W. Similarly, the second upper plate 5b has a pair of double acting cylinders 5c and 5c arranged on the upper surface. The pair of double-acting cylinders 5c and 5c are arranged such that their piston rods advance and retreat toward the approximate center Q of the tree W.

  A roller 51c is attached to the tip of the piston rod of the double acting cylinder 5c. The roller 51c forms a V-shaped groove like a pulley (pulley). Therefore, the roller 51c can roll while contacting the outer periphery of the tree W at two points. And the fall speed by the dead weight of the tree W can be decelerated when a pair of roller 51c presses the outer periphery of the tree W.

  The double-acting cylinder 5c is preferably a pneumatic cylinder, and may be the same as or different from the double-acting cylinder 3c. Here, the double-acting cylinder 5c and the roller 51c constitute “second braking means” that decelerates the falling speed due to the weight of the tree W. The “second braking means” is preferably controlled to be interlocked with the “first braking means”.

  Next, the configuration of the logging device 10 according to the embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the felling device according to the embodiment, and the receiving plate is viewed from above. FIG. 7 is a left side view of the backing plate. FIG. 8 is an enlarged bottom view of the main part of the backing plate. FIG. 9 is a left side view of FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

  With reference to FIG. 6 or FIG. 7, the logging device 10 according to the embodiment further includes a substantially rectangular receiving plate 6. The receiving plate 6 is disposed in a substantially horizontal state between the pair of substrates 1a and 1b and the pair of intermediate plates 4a and 4b (see FIG. 12D). The receiving plate 6 is lowered with the cut tree W mounted thereon.

  The receiving plate 6 has ratchet devices 60 at four corners. These ratchet devices 60 are connected to a pair of support columns 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d. The receiving plate 6 is provided with a pair of hinges 61 and 62 on both wings. And the receiving plate 6 divided | segmented into substantially equal parts can be opened and closed.

  Referring to FIG. 7, the divided receiving plate 6 is configured to close downward. The closed receiving plate 6 can pass between the pair of columns 2a and 2b. Inside the felling device 10, the receiving plate 6 is arranged in a horizontal state, and the receiving plate 6 is configured not to open any further.

  Referring to FIG. 1 or FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the felling device 10 includes a first shaft member 63 that stands up from one corner of the substrate 1a. The first shaft member 63 is supported by a leg piece 12 projecting outward from the column 2b and a projecting piece 42 projecting from one corner of the intermediate plate 4a.

  The first shaft member 63 stands up outside the support column 2b. The first shaft member 63 preferably has a base end portion supported by the protruding piece 42 via a rubber bush and a tip end portion pivotally supported by the leg piece 12, and can reduce fluctuations in the substrate 1 a.

  Referring to FIG. 1 or FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the first shaft member 63 is connected to a clamp 64 that can be raised and lowered. The clamp 64 is connected to a bent forward / backward rotation arm 65. One end of the advance / retreat rotary arm 65 is detachably connected to the first shaft member 63 via a clamp 64. The other end of the advance / retreat rotary arm 65 is coupled to the hinge 61.

  Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, the divided receiving plate 6 is closed downward, the receiving plate 6 is passed through the pair of support columns 2a and 2b, and further, the receiving plate 6 is swung in a horizontal plane to receive the receiving plate. The board 6 can be made to stand by in the vicinity of the felling device 10. On the other hand, the receiving plate 6 can be attached to the inside of the felling device 10 by operating in the reverse manner as described above.

  Next, the configuration of the ratchet device 60 will be described. Note that the ratchet device 60 described below exemplifies the ratchet device 60 connected to the support 2d.

  8 to 11, the ratchet device 60 includes a pair of bevel gears (bevel gears) 6a and 6b and a ratchet wheel (claw wheel) 6c. The pair of bevel gears 6a and 6b are opposed to each other via the ratchet wheel 6c so as to sandwich the column 2d. One bevel gear 6a is coupled to a ratchet wheel 6c. The other bevel gear 6b is an idle gear that is not connected to the ratchet wheel 6c. The other bevel gear 6b is restricted from moving in the axial direction.

  The pair of bevel gears 6a and 6b and the ratchet wheel 6c are arranged on the same axis. The pair of bevel gears 6a and 6b and the ratchet wheel 6c are rotatably supported by a shaft 6d press-fitted from the plate thickness surface of the receiving plate 6.

  A rack-like tooth surface 6e that meshes with the pair of bevel gears 6a and 6b is formed on the outer periphery of the column 2d. And the linear motion of the descent | fall direction of the receiving plate 6 is converted into the rotational motion of the ratchet wheel 6c. The tooth surface 6e is preferably formed only between the pair of substrates 1a and 1b and the pair of intermediate plates 4a and 4b.

  Referring to FIG. 8 or FIG. 11, the ratchet device 60 includes a cantilevered urging claw 6f that meshes with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 6c. The ratchet device 60 includes a leaf spring 6g that urges the urging claw 6f against the tooth surface of the ratchet wheel 6c.

  When the ratchet wheel 6c rotates, a force that the teeth of the ratchet wheel 6c ride on the biasing claw 6f acts. And the descending speed of the receiving plate 6 is decelerated by the frictional force at this time. It is considered that the intermittent movement of the ratchet wheel 6c is also useful for reducing the descending speed of the receiving plate 6. That is, the four ratchet devices 60 can reduce the fall speed due to the weight of the cut tree W.

  The receiving plate 6 includes an emergency stop device 60s. 8 to 11, the emergency stop device 60s includes a U-shaped locking claw 6h that can be engaged with the tooth surface 6e. The emergency stop device 60s includes a push-type electromagnetic solenoid 6j.

  Both wings of the locking claw 6h are pivotally supported on the shaft 6d. One wing of the locking claw 6h is connected to the movable iron core of the electromagnetic solenoid 6j. The central portion of the locking claw 6h is formed at an acute angle so as to be locked to the tooth surface 6e.

  Normally, the electromagnetic solenoid 6j is demagnetized. And the latching claw 6h is spaced apart from the support | pillar 2d. On the other hand, when the electromagnetic solenoid 6j is excited, the locking claw 6h engages with the tooth surface 6e of the support 2d, and the receiving plate 6 can be stopped.

  Referring to FIG. 6, emergency stop device 60s may be arranged to engage with a pair of struts 2a and 2d located on a diagonal line, and engage with a pair of struts 2b and 2c located on a diagonal line. You may arrange | position so that it may engage, and you may arrange | position so that all the support | pillars 2a * 2b * 2c * 2d may be engaged. In addition, the electromagnetic solenoid 6j is preferably operated by operating (pressing) an emergency stop button which is disposed remotely from the logging device 10 and provided in an operation box (not shown).

  Next, the configuration of the logging device 10 according to the embodiment will be described. Referring to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 and FIG. 5, the felling device 10 includes a second shaft member 73 that stands up from one corner of the substrate 1b. The second shaft member 73 is supported by a leg piece 12 projecting outward from the column 2c and a projecting piece 43 projecting from one corner of the intermediate plate 4b.

  The second shaft member 73 stands up outside the support column 2c. The second shaft member 73 is preferably supported at its base end portion by the protruding piece 43 via a rubber bush, and at its tip end portion by a pipette bearing on the leg piece 12, so that fluctuations in the substrate 1b can be reduced.

  Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 5, the second shaft member 73 is connected to a clamp 74 that can be raised and lowered. A rotating arm 75 is connected to the clamp 74. One end of the rotary arm 75 is detachably connected to the second shaft member 73 via a clamp 74. The other end of the rotary arm 75 supports the chainsaw 7.

  By rotating the rotary arm 75 and the main body of the chainsaw 7, the tree W surrounded by the pair of columns 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d can be cut. The chain saw 7 can be raised and lowered while being guided by the second shaft member 73. Therefore, it is easy to cut the tree W between the pair of substrates 1a and 1b and the pair of intermediate plates 4a and 4b.

  Next, the configuration of an apparatus for correcting a small eccentric tree will be described. Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, the pair of support columns 2 a, 2 b, 2 c, and 2 d is constituted by a hollow pipe having an internal thread portion (not shown) at the upper end portion. The screw rods 13a, 13b, 13c, and 13d are provided in a pair of support columns 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d.

  Since the screw rods 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d and the pair of support posts 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d correspond one-to-one, the screw rod 13c and the support post 2c are represented as follows. May explain.

  In the screw rod 13c, a male screw portion 131 that is screwed into the female screw portion protrudes from the upper end of the column 2c. On the other hand, the screw rod 13c is provided with a rotating handle 14 on a shaft portion protruding from the lower end of the support 2c. By rotating the rotary handle 14, the protruding amount of the male screw portion 131 can be adjusted.

  The logging device 10 according to the embodiment includes an annular gripping member 8. The gripping member 8 can grip the tree W positioned above the pair of first upper plates 3a and 3b so as to be freely opened and closed. The male threaded portion 31 has a first annular member 132 that is rotatably connected at the tip. On the other hand, the gripping member 8 has four second annular members 8a arranged on the outer periphery at substantially equal intervals.

  The logging device 10 according to the embodiment includes four string-like members 81 whose one ends are locked to the gripping member 8. The string-like member 81 has a hook 8b at one end. The hook 8b can be anchored to the second annular member 8a so as to be freely engageable. The string-like member 81 has a coupling portion that is anchored to the detection end of the tension sensor 32 via the first annular member 132 (see FIG. 3).

  The logging device 10 according to the embodiment can correct the posture of the tree W by appropriately adjusting the amount of advancement / retraction of the four screw rods 13a, 13b, 13c, and 13d. The tension sensor 32 is connected to the pressure gauge 33, and the posture of the tree W can be corrected while checking the tension of the string-like member 81 with the pressure gauge 33.

[Operation of logging equipment]
Next, the operation and effect of the felling device 10 will be described while explaining the assembly procedure and operation of the felling device 10 according to the embodiment. Referring to FIGS. 1 to 5, it is preferable that the logging device 10 assembles the first unit L and the second unit R in advance.

  The first unit L is an assembly including a substrate 1a, a pair of support columns 2a and 2b, a first upper plate 3a, an intermediate plate 4a, a second upper plate 5a, and the like. On the other hand, the second unit R is an assembly including a substrate 1b, a pair of support columns 2c and 2d, a first upper plate 3b, an intermediate plate 4b, a second upper plate 5b, and the like.

  In the felling land, the first upper plate 3a and the first upper plate 3b are coupled by the bolt 9a, and the second upper plate 5a and the second upper plate 5b are coupled by the bolt 9b. In addition, the volt | bolt 9a and the volt | bolt 9b are provided also in the back side of the felling apparatus 10 (refer FIG. 2).

  Further, the pair of rotary handles 1f and 1f are rotated in one direction to join the pair of substrates 1a and 1b, and the four anchors 1g are driven into the ground to complete the installation of the felling device 10. Since the logging device 10 according to the embodiment can be installed so as to surround the first unit L and the second unit R from the periphery of the tree W, there is an advantage that assembly is easy.

  Next, operation | movement of the felling apparatus 10 by embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the felling device according to the embodiment as viewed from the front, and is a state change diagram showing the operation of the felling device.

  In FIG. 12, a device configuration including a pair of substrates 1 a and 1 b will be described as a fixing portion 1, and a device configuration including a pair of intermediate plates 4 a and 4 b will be described as a detachable portion 4. In FIG. 12, a device configuration including a pair of first upper plates 3a and 3b will be described as a first braking portion 3, and a device configuration including a pair of second upper plates 5a and 5b will be described as a second braking portion 5.

  In addition, the pneumatic equipment provided in the logging device 10 according to the embodiment operates using a pump (not shown) operated by a power source such as an engine as an air source. These pneumatic devices are controlled by a control unit (not shown) including an electromagnetic valve connected to a power source operated by a power source such as an engine. And it is preferable that operation | movement of the felling apparatus 10 is operated with the operation box (not shown) arrange | positioned remotely of the felling apparatus 10. FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 12, FIG. 12A is a state diagram in which the felling device 10 is set, and the fixing unit 1 holds (locks) the root of the tree W. The fixing unit 1 holds (locks) the root of the tree W until the logging operation is completed. In FIG. 12A, the detachable portion 4 holds (locks) the upper part of the tree W. Furthermore, the first braking unit 3 and the second braking unit 5 pinch (lock) the upper part of the tree W.

  In the state shown in FIG. 12 (A), the tree W is cut from the root to a predetermined length by the chainsaw 7 (cut into pieces) within the range of the fixing portion 1 and the detachable portion 4. Then, the timbered tree W is eliminated (first step).

  FIG. 12B is a state diagram in which the chopped tree W is excluded. In FIG. 12B, the detachable portion 4 locks the upper part of the tree W. Further, the first braking unit 3 and the second braking unit 5 lock the upper part of the tree W.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 12C, the receiving plate 6 is installed in the lower stage of the attaching / detaching portion 4. And if the lock | rock of the attachment / detachment part 4 is cancelled | released, the cut | disconnected tree W will be installed in the receiving plate 6, being braked by the 1st braking part 3 and the 2nd braking part 5. FIG. In addition, when the tree W is not installed in the receiving plate 6, you may cancel | release the brake of the 2nd braking part 5. FIG.

  FIG. 12D is a state diagram in which the cut tree W descends while being guided by the receiving plate 6. In FIG. 12D, the lock of the attaching / detaching portion 4 is released, and the first braking portion 3 and the second braking portion 5 brake the tree W. Moreover, since the ratchet device 60 is acting on the receiving plate 6, the fall speed by the dead weight of the tree W is decelerated. Then, the cut tree W is dropped on the root of the tree W (second step). In FIG. 12D, the emergency stop device 60s can be operated depending on the situation.

  Next, when the receiving plate 6 is lowered to a predetermined position, the tree W is locked by the attaching / detaching portion 4 and the receiving plate 6 is retracted. Next, the lock | rock of the attachment / detachment part 4 is cancelled | released, and the cut | disconnected tree W is dropped to the root of the tree W. FIG.

  FIG. 12E is a state diagram in which the cut tree W is in contact with the root of the tree W. In the state shown in FIG. 12 (E), the detachable portion 4 locks the upper part of the tree W. Further, the first braking unit 3 and the second braking unit 5 lock the upper part of the tree W. And the tree W is cut | disconnected in the lower stage of the attachment / detachment part 4. FIG.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 12 (F), the cut-off tree W is eliminated (third step). Thereafter, the state shown in FIG. 12F is repeated from the state shown in FIG.

  As described above, the felling method according to the embodiment of the present invention is configured in the shape of an arrow so as to surround the standing tree by using the felling device 10, cut into a predetermined length from the root of the tree, and cut into pieces. After removing the formed tree, the tree is dropped by its own weight, and by sequentially repeating the ball cutting, a specific tree can be cut down in a standing state.

  Next, an operation for correcting a small eccentric tree will be described. FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the logging device according to the embodiment as viewed from the front, and is a state change diagram showing an operation of correcting a small eccentric tree.

  FIG. 13A is a state diagram in which the cut tree W is installed on the receiving plate 6. In FIG. 13A, the detachable portion 4 locks the upper part of the tree W. Further, the first braking unit 3 and the second braking unit 5 are unlocked.

  First, the protruding amount of the external thread 131 (see FIG. 1) provided on the upper portions of the four columns 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d is set to be the same. Next, the inclination of the tree W (the amount of eccentricity) is confirmed by comparing the pointers of the left and right pressure gauges 33 and 33 with eyes.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 13A, in order to pull the pair of string-like members 81 and 81 on the right side having a high tension, the protruding amount of the pair of male screw portions 131 and 131 on the right side is reduced. Specifically, the pair of rotary handles 14 and 14 are rotated (see FIG. 2).

  FIG. 13B is a state diagram in which the posture of the cut tree W is corrected. In FIG. 13 (B), since the pointers of the left and right pressure gauges 33 and 33 are substantially the same, it can be confirmed that the posture of the cut tree W has been corrected. Then, the subsequent logging operation shown in FIG.

  FIG. 13C is a state diagram in which the cut tree W is installed on the receiving plate 6, and the cut tree W is tilted to the right. FIG. 13D is a state diagram in which the tree W tilted to the right is corrected. Since the correction procedure is the same as described above, the description is omitted.

  As described above, the felling method according to the embodiment of the present invention can sequentially repeat the cutting while correcting the posture of the slightly eccentric tree W using the felling device 10.

  Next, a procedure for cutting a tree standing on an inclined land will be described. FIG. 14 is a state change diagram illustrating a procedure for cutting a tree standing on an inclined land using the cutting device according to the embodiment.

  FIG. 14A is a state diagram in which the log M cut from the tree W is removed using the felling device 10. Referring to FIG. 14 (A), if the tree W is felled using the felling device 10 according to the embodiment, the tree W can be cut vertically, so that it contacts (approaches) the overhead transmission line (overhead line or transmission line) D. It is safe because there is nothing to do.

  Referring to FIG. 14 (A), if logging is performed using the logging device 10 according to the embodiment, the tree W is safe because there is no concern that it will become a “bare tree” on the surrounding trees.

  FIG. 14B is a state diagram in which the log M cut from the tree W is further excluded using the felling device 10. FIG. 14C is a state diagram in which the logs M are further excluded from the tree W using the felling device 10, and the logs M are aligned. FIG. 14D is a state diagram in which the felling work using the felling apparatus 10 is completed, and a plurality of logs M and remaining trees are arranged.

  Referring to FIG. 14B to FIG. 14D, if the felling apparatus 10 according to the embodiment is used for cutting, it is not necessary to cut the surrounding trees, and the cost can be reduced by improving the efficiency of the cutting operation.

  14 (B) to 14 (D), if logging is performed using the logging device 10 according to the embodiment, the tree W can be cut and pruned while being cut in a vertical state. It is easy to organize the used tree W.

  If logging is performed using the logging device 10 according to the embodiment, there is no need for peripheral logging, and therefore the amount of logging can be reliably reduced even when assembly and disassembly of the logging device 10 are taken into account.

  Although the logging device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention has disclosed “braking means” using a double-acting cylinder and a roller, the “braking means” may use a pair of caterpillar devices, or a jack-type link device. May be used.

  In addition, the logging device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is supported by a plurality of anchors that are driven into the ground and a fixing unit that holds the root of the tree, but the fixing unit is configured in two stages without using anchors. And you may make it support the felling apparatus 10 in the root of a tree.

  Furthermore, the felling device 10 and the felling method according to the embodiment of the present invention are not limited to felling trees. The felling apparatus 10 and the felling method according to the embodiment of the present invention can also be used for removing bamboo trees, wooden poles, and utility poles by replacing the chainsaw with a tool such as a sander.

1a, 1b A pair of substrates 1c, 1d A pair of first pressing plates 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d A pair of support columns 3a, 3b A pair of first upper plates 3c Double acting cylinder (first braking means)
4a, 4b A pair of intermediate plates 4c, 4d A pair of second pressing plates 10 Logging device 31c Roller (first braking means)
W Tree

Claims (7)

A logging device that sequentially cuts standing trees from the root to a predetermined length,
A pair of separable opposing substrates that surround the tree roots;
A pair of columns that stand up from each wing of each of these substrates;
A pair of detachable opposing first upper plates supported by the upper ends of these columns and enclosing across the top of the tree;
A separable pair of opposing intermediate plates disposed between the substrate and the first upper plate and supported by an intermediate portion of the pair of struts;
The substrate has a first pressing plate that presses toward the approximate center of the tree,
The first upper plate has a set of first braking means that presses toward the approximate center of the tree and decelerates the falling speed due to the weight of the tree,
The intermediate plate has a second pressing plate that advances and retracts the tree in a detachable manner,
A logging device in which a tree is cut between the pair of substrates and the pair of intermediate plates. A pair of second upper plates disposed between the pair of first upper plates and the pair of intermediate plates and separated across the upper part of the tree;
The second upper plate has a set of second braking means that presses toward the approximate center of the tree and decelerates the falling speed due to the weight of the tree,
The felling device according to claim 1, wherein the one-to-one set of the second braking means is interlocked with the one-to-one set of the first braking means. Further comprising a substantially rectangular receiving plate that is disposed in a substantially horizontal state between the pair of substrates and the pair of intermediate plates, and on which the cut tree is mounted and descends,
The backing plate has ratchet devices connected to the one-to-one set of struts at four corners,
The felling device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein these ratchet devices reduce the falling speed due to the dead weight of the cut tree. A first shaft member rising from one corner of the substrate outside the support;
The felling device according to claim 3, further comprising: an advancing / retracting arm having one end portion detachably coupled to the first shaft member and supporting the receiving plate on the other end portion. A second shaft member rising from one corner of the substrate outside the support;
The felling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a rotary arm having one end portion detachably coupled to the second shaft member and supporting the chain saw at the other end portion. The one-to-one set of struts consists of a hollow pipe having an internal thread at the upper end,
A threaded rod provided on the shaft that protrudes from the upper end of the column, and a male screw portion that is internally mounted in the column and is screwed into the female screw unit, and a shaft that protrudes from the lower end of the column.
An annular gripping member for freely opening and closing a tree located above the pair of first upper plates;
Four string-like members that have one end portions locked to the gripping member,
The male screw portion has a first annular member at a tip portion,
The gripping member has four second annular members arranged on the outer periphery at substantially equal intervals,
The string-like member includes a hook whose one end is anchored to be freely engageable with the second annular member, and a joint whose other end is anchored to the first upper plate via the first annular member. And
The cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the tree posture is corrected by adjusting the amount of advance and retreat of the four screw rods. A pair of separable opposing substrates sandwiched across the root of the tree;
A pair of columns that stand up from each wing of each of these substrates;
A pair of opposing first upper plates supported by the upper ends of these columns and separable across the top of the tree;
A separable pair of opposing intermediate plates disposed between the substrate and the first upper plate and supported by an intermediate portion of the pair of struts;
The substrate has a first pressing plate that presses toward the approximate center of the tree,
The first upper plate has a set of first braking means that presses toward the approximate center of the tree and decelerates the falling speed due to the weight of the tree,
The intermediate plate is a felling method that sequentially cuts a standing tree from its root to a predetermined length using a felling device having a second pressing plate that removably advances and retreats the tree,
While maintaining a state in which the pair of second pressing plates are advanced from each other, the trees are cut into a predetermined length from the roots within the range of the pair of substrates and the pair of intermediate plates, and the trees are cut into pieces A first step of eliminating
A second step of retreating the pair of second pressing plates from each other while operating the first braking means of the one-to-one pair, and dropping the cut tree to the root of the tree by its own weight;
While maintaining the state where the pair of second pressing plates are advanced from each other, the trees cut within the range of the pair of substrates and the pair of intermediate plates are cut to a predetermined length from the lower end surface, A third step of eliminating the treated tree,
A logging method in which the second step and the third step are alternately repeated.

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