JP5136214B2 - Starter - Google Patents

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JP5136214B2
JP5136214B2 JP2008140580A JP2008140580A JP5136214B2 JP 5136214 B2 JP5136214 B2 JP 5136214B2 JP 2008140580 A JP2008140580 A JP 2008140580A JP 2008140580 A JP2008140580 A JP 2008140580A JP 5136214 B2 JP5136214 B2 JP 5136214B2
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motor
electromagnetic switch
energized
starter
circuit
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JP2009287459A (en
JP2009287459A5 (en
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正巳 新美
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Denso Corp
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Denso Corp
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Priority to JP2008140580A priority Critical patent/JP5136214B2/en
Priority to EP09007110.1A priority patent/EP2128426B8/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2048—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit said control involving a limitation, e.g. applying current or voltage limits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2400/00—Control systems adapted for specific engine types; Special features of engine control systems not otherwise provided for; Power supply, connectors or cabling for engine control systems
    • F02D2400/18—Packaging of the electronic circuit in a casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0814—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0851—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for controlling the engagement or disengagement between engine and starter, e.g. meshing of pinion and engine gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
    • F02N2200/02—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the engine
    • F02N2200/023—Engine temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
    • F02N2200/04—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the starter motor
    • F02N2200/045—Starter temperature or parameters related to it
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
    • F02N2200/12—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the vehicle exterior
    • F02N2200/122—Atmospheric temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2250/00—Problems related to engine starting or engine's starting apparatus
    • F02N2250/02—Battery voltage drop at start, e.g. drops causing ECU reset
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2300/00—Control related aspects of engine starting
    • F02N2300/10—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the control output, i.e. means or parameters used as a control output or target
    • F02N2300/106—Control of starter current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2300/00—Control related aspects of engine starting
    • F02N2300/20—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the control method
    • F02N2300/2011—Control involving a delay; Control involving a waiting period before engine stop or engine start

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)

Abstract

A starter includes an electromagnetic switch that opens and closes a main contact point provided on a motor circuit, a current suppressing resistor that is connected to the motor circuit in series with the main contact point, a short-circuit relay that is provided to allow short-circuiting of the current suppressing resistor, a timer circuit that delays operation of the short-circuit relay, and the like. The timer circuit sets a delay time from when the electromagnetic switch is energized until the short-circuit relay is energized. The delay time is set such that a maximum value of the current flowing to the motor when the short-circuit relay is energized is equal to or less than a maximum current value of current flowing to the motor when the electromagnetic switch is energized.

Description

本発明は、モータの動作を２段階に分けて制御する方式のスタータに関する。   The present invention relates to a starter that controls a motor operation in two stages.

従来公知の電磁押し込み式スタータでは、図６に示す様に、電磁スイッチがメイン接点を閉じた時に、バッテリから突入電流と呼ばれる大電流（電流値Ａ０）がモータに流れるため、バッテリの端子電圧（電圧値Ｖ０）が大きく低下して、メータ類やオーディオ等の電気機器が瞬間的に作動停止する、いわゆる「瞬断」が起きることがある。
これに対し、モータの起動時に流れる突入電流を抑制できるスタータが公知である（特許文献１参照）。このスタータは、モータ回路にメイン接点と直列に接続される電流抑制抵抗と、この電流抑制抵抗を短絡するためのリレーと、このリレーを遅延作動させるタイマ回路等を有する。モータの起動時には、図３に示す様に、モータに印加される電圧を電流抑制抵抗により低減してモータに低い電流（電流値Ａ１）を流すことでモータが低速度で回転し、その後、タイマ回路からの信号によりリレーが遅延作動して電流抑制抵抗を短絡すると、モータに高い電流（電流値Ａ２）が流れて、モータが高速度で回転する。
実開昭５９−３０５６４号公報 In a known electromagnetic push-in type starter, as shown in FIG. 6, when the electromagnetic switch closes the main contact, a large current (current value A0) called an inrush current flows from the battery to the motor. The voltage value V0) may be greatly reduced, and so-called “instantaneous interruption” may occur in which electric devices such as meters and audio are instantaneously stopped.
On the other hand, a starter that can suppress an inrush current that flows when the motor starts is known (see Patent Document 1). This starter has a current suppression resistor connected in series with the main contact to the motor circuit, a relay for short-circuiting the current suppression resistor, a timer circuit for delaying the relay, and the like. When the motor is started, as shown in FIG. 3, the voltage applied to the motor is reduced by a current suppression resistor, and a low current (current value A1) is passed through the motor to rotate the motor at a low speed. When the relay is delayed by the signal from the circuit and the current suppression resistor is short-circuited, a high current (current value A2) flows through the motor, and the motor rotates at a high speed.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No.59-30564

上記の公知技術（特許文献１）において、モータの起動時に電流抑制抵抗を通じてモータに流れる突入電流の値Ａ１は、以下の式（１）によって表される。
Ａ１＝バッテリ無負荷電圧／（バッテリ内部抵抗＋回路配線抵抗＋モータ抵抗＋電流抑制抵抗）………………………（１）
一方、電流抑制抵抗を短絡した時にモータに流れる電流の最大値Ａ２は、以下の式（２）によって表される。
Ａ２＝（バッテリ無負荷電圧−モータ逆起電圧）／（バッテリ内部抵抗＋回路配線抵抗＋モータ抵抗）………………（２） In the above known technique (Patent Document 1), the value A1 of the inrush current that flows to the motor through the current suppression resistor when the motor is started is represented by the following expression (1).
A1 = battery no-load voltage / (battery internal resistance + circuit wiring resistance + motor resistance + current suppression resistance) (1)
On the other hand, the maximum value A2 of the current flowing through the motor when the current suppression resistor is short-circuited is expressed by the following equation (2).
A2 = (battery no-load voltage-motor back electromotive force) / (battery internal resistance + circuit wiring resistance + motor resistance) (2)

上記の電流値Ａ２を求める式（２）には、モータ逆起電圧の項が含まれている。このモータ逆起電圧は、モータの回転数に比例する値であり、その回転数は、モータ負荷、モータ温度、モータの性能劣化等の影響を大きく受ける。このため、電流値Ａ２は、モータ逆起電圧の値に応じて変動し、その電流値Ａ２によって決まるバッテリ端子電圧Ｖ２は安定しない。一方、電流値Ａ１は、式（１）にモータ逆起電圧の項が含まれておらず、バッテリ無負荷電圧と回路抵抗とで決まり、安定した値となり得るため、バッテリ端子電圧（電圧値Ｖ１）は安定する。
しかし、上記の公知技術は、モータ起動時の突入電流を抑制することが発明の目的であり、電流値Ａ１が電流値Ａ２より小さくなるようにリレーの遅延時間を設定している。この場合、バッテリの最低端子電圧が電流値Ａ２によって決まり、バッテリ端子電圧の電圧降下を安定的に抑制することが出来ないため、バッテリ端子電圧が低下することに起因して生じる「瞬断」を確実に防ぐことは困難である。 Formula (2) for obtaining the current value A2 includes a term of the motor back electromotive voltage. The motor back electromotive force is a value proportional to the motor speed, and the speed is greatly affected by motor load, motor temperature, motor performance deterioration, and the like. For this reason, the current value A2 varies according to the value of the motor back electromotive voltage, and the battery terminal voltage V2 determined by the current value A2 is not stable. On the other hand, the current value A1 does not include the term of the motor back electromotive voltage in the equation (1), is determined by the battery no-load voltage and the circuit resistance, and can be a stable value. Therefore, the battery terminal voltage (voltage value V1 ) Is stable.
However, the above-described known technique is an object of the invention to suppress the inrush current at the time of starting the motor, and the delay time of the relay is set so that the current value A1 is smaller than the current value A2. In this case, since the minimum terminal voltage of the battery is determined by the current value A2, and the voltage drop of the battery terminal voltage cannot be stably suppressed, the “instantaneous interruption” caused by the decrease of the battery terminal voltage is prevented. It is difficult to prevent reliably.

また、近年、地球温暖化対策のためのＣＯ2 削減目的で、自動車のアイドルストップ装置の開発が推進されているが、このアイドルストップ装置は、車両の停止毎にエンジンを停止するため、アイドルストップ装置を搭載していない自動車と比較して、エンジンの始動回数が大幅に増加し、「瞬断」が起きる頻度が増えることになる。さらに、アイドルストップ装置を搭載する車両は、通常走行する道路上でエンジンを始動することが多くなるため、従来の車庫内あるいは駐車場等でエンジンを始動する場合に比較して、「瞬断」が起きることによる運転者の不快感が増加するという問題を生じる。
本発明は、上記事情に基づいて成されたもので、その目的は、バッテリ端子電圧の電圧降下を安定的に抑制して、「瞬断」の発生を防止することにより、運転者の不快感を解消できるスタータを提供することにある。 In recent years, the development of an automobile idle stop device has been promoted for the purpose of reducing CO 2 as a measure against global warming. This idle stop device stops the engine every time the vehicle is stopped. Compared to a car that is not equipped with a device, the number of engine starts is significantly increased, and the frequency of “instantaneous interruption” increases. Furthermore, vehicles equipped with an idle stop device often start the engine on a road that normally travels. Therefore, compared to the case where the engine is started in a conventional garage or parking lot, the “instant interruption” This causes a problem that the driver's discomfort increases due to the occurrence of the problem.
The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and its purpose is to stably suppress the voltage drop of the battery terminal voltage and prevent the occurrence of “instantaneous interruption”. It is to provide a starter that can solve the problem.

（請求項１の発明）
本発明は、通電により回転力を発生するモータと、このモータに発生する回転力をエンジンのリングギヤに伝達するピニオンギヤと、バッテリからモータに電流を流すためのモータ回路に設けられるメイン接点を開閉する第１の電磁スイッチと、モータ回路にメイン接点と直列に接続される抵抗体と、モータ回路に抵抗体と並列に接続される補助接点を有し、この補助接点を開閉する第２の電磁スイッチとを備え、第１の電磁スイッチによりメイン接点を閉じて、抵抗体により抑制された電流をモータに通電した後、所定のタイミングで第２の電磁スイッチにより補助接点を閉じて抵抗体を短絡することにより、バッテリの全電圧をモータへ印加する方式のスタータであって、第１の電磁スイッチに通電した後、第２の電磁スイッチに通電するまでの時間を抵抗体通電時間と呼ぶ時に、第２の電磁スイッチの通電時にモータに流れる最大電流値が、第１の電磁スイッチの通電時にモータに流れる最大電流値より小さくなる様に、且つ、前記第２の電磁スイッチの通電時における前記バッテリの端子電圧が、前記第１の電磁スイッチの通電時における前記バッテリの端子電圧と等しくなる様に、抵抗体通電時間を設定することを特徴とする。 (Invention of Claim 1)
The present invention opens and closes a motor that generates a rotational force by energization, a pinion gear that transmits the rotational force generated in the motor to an engine ring gear, and a main contact provided in a motor circuit for flowing current from the battery to the motor. A second electromagnetic switch having a first electromagnetic switch, a resistor connected in series with the main contact to the motor circuit, and an auxiliary contact connected to the motor circuit in parallel with the resistor, and opening and closing the auxiliary contact The main contact is closed by the first electromagnetic switch, the current suppressed by the resistor is supplied to the motor, the auxiliary contact is closed by the second electromagnetic switch at a predetermined timing, and the resistor is short-circuited Thus, a starter that applies the entire voltage of the battery to the motor and energizes the second electromagnetic switch after energizing the first electromagnetic switch. The time until when calling the resistor energization time, as the maximum value of the current flowing through the motor when energized second electromagnetic switch is smaller than the maximum value of the current flowing through the motor when energized first electromagnetic switch, and, The resistor energization time is set so that the terminal voltage of the battery when the second electromagnetic switch is energized is equal to the terminal voltage of the battery when the first electromagnetic switch is energized. .

第１の電磁スイッチの通電時にモータに流れる最大電流は、モータ逆起電力の影響を受けないので、電流値Ａ１が安定する。これに対し、第２の電磁スイッチの通電時にモータに流れる最大電流は、モータ逆起電力の影響を受けるため、電流値Ａ２が安定し難い。
そこで、第１の電磁スイッチに通電した後、第２の電磁スイッチに通電するまでの時間、すなわち、抵抗体を通じてモータに通電する抵抗体通電時間を適宜に設定して、第２の電磁スイッチの通電時にモータに流れる最大電流値を、第１の電磁スイッチの通電時にモータに流れる最大電流値より小さく制御することで、より安定した値である電流値Ａ１によってバッテリ端子電圧の最低値を設定できる。また、第１の電磁スイッチの通電時にモータに流れる最大電流は、電流経時変化のあるモータの逆起電力の影響を受けないため、スタータ長期間の使用後においても、電流値Ａ１の変化を小さく抑えることができる。上記の結果、第２の電磁スイッチの通電時におけるバッテリの端子電圧を、第１の電磁スイッチの通電時におけるバッテリの端子電圧と等しくすることができ、バッテリ端子電圧の電圧降下を効果的、且つ、安定的に抑制することが可能であり、バッテリ端子電圧の低下に起因する「瞬断」の発生を防止できる。 Since the maximum current that flows through the motor when the first electromagnetic switch is energized is not affected by the motor back electromotive force, the current value A1 is stabilized. On the other hand, since the maximum current that flows through the motor when the second electromagnetic switch is energized is affected by the motor back electromotive force, the current value A2 is difficult to stabilize.
Therefore, the time until the second electromagnetic switch is energized after energizing the first electromagnetic switch, that is, the resistor energizing time for energizing the motor through the resistor is appropriately set, and the second electromagnetic switch By controlling the maximum current value that flows to the motor when energized to be smaller than the maximum current value that flows to the motor when the first electromagnetic switch is energized, the minimum value of the battery terminal voltage can be set by a more stable current value A1. . In addition, the maximum current that flows to the motor when the first electromagnetic switch is energized is not affected by the back electromotive force of the motor that changes with time. Can be suppressed. As a result, the terminal voltage of the battery when the second electromagnetic switch is energized can be made equal to the terminal voltage of the battery when the first electromagnetic switch is energized , effectively reducing the voltage drop of the battery terminal voltage , and Therefore, it is possible to stably suppress the occurrence of “instantaneous interruption” due to a decrease in battery terminal voltage.

また、抵抗体通電時間は、第１の電磁スイッチに通電するオン時刻を基準として、第２の電磁スイッチに通電するオンタイミングを遅延回路により設定することを特徴とする。 上記の構成によれば、第２の電磁スイッチのオンタイミングを決定するために、電流値を検出してフィードバックする必要はなく、遅延回路のタイマ設定だけで行うことができるので、回路構成を簡略化でき、コストを低減できる。また、回路構成の簡略化により、回路規模を小さくできるので、例えば、第２の電磁スイッチ内部の限られた空間に遅延回路を内蔵することが可能である。 The resistor energization time is characterized in that an on timing for energizing the second electromagnetic switch is set by a delay circuit with reference to an on time for energizing the first electromagnetic switch. According to the above configuration, since it is not necessary to detect and feed back the current value in order to determine the on-timing of the second electromagnetic switch, the circuit configuration can be simplified because only the timer setting of the delay circuit can be performed. And cost can be reduced. Further, since the circuit scale can be reduced by simplifying the circuit configuration, for example, a delay circuit can be incorporated in a limited space inside the second electromagnetic switch.

（請求項２の発明）
請求項１に記載したスタータにおいて、遅延回路は、スタータ温度、スタータ周囲の温度、あるいはエンジンの温度の何れかによって抵抗体通電時間を可変することを特徴とする。
温度変化により、エンジンの回転に要する上死点乗り越しトルクが変わるため、第２の電磁スイッチへの通電開始時のモータ回転数が変化する、すなわち、モータ逆起電力が変化するため、温度に応じて抵抗体通電時間を可変することにより、第２の電磁スイッチの通電時にモータに流れる最大電流を、第１の電磁スイッチの通電時にモータに流れる最大電流に対して安定させることができる。 (Invention of Claim 2 )
In the starter according to claim 1 , the delay circuit varies the resistor energization time according to any one of a starter temperature, a temperature around the starter, and an engine temperature.
Since the top dead center passing torque required for engine rotation changes due to temperature change, the motor rotation speed at the start of energization of the second electromagnetic switch changes, that is, the motor back electromotive force changes. By varying the resistor energization time, the maximum current that flows through the motor when the second electromagnetic switch is energized can be stabilized with respect to the maximum current that flows through the motor when the first electromagnetic switch is energized.

（請求項３の発明）
請求項２に記載したスタータにおいて、遅延回路は、スタータ周囲の温度またはエンジンの温度が、低温度から高温度になるにつれて、抵抗体通電時間を短く制御することを特徴とする。
低温度では、エンジンの上死点乗り越しトルクが大きく、且つ、バッテリの内部抵抗が大きいことから、第１の電磁スイッチ通電時にモータの回転数の立ち上がりが遅くなり、第２の電磁スイッチ通電時の最大電流値が第１の電磁スイッチ通電時の最大電流値を超える恐れがある。これに対し、抵抗体通電時間を長くすると、モータの回転数のより高いところで第２の電磁スイッチを通電することになるため、第２の電磁スイッチ通電時の最大電流値をより下げることができ、第１の電磁スイッチ通電時の最大電流値を超える危険性を回避できる。 (Invention of Claim 3 )
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the delay circuit controls the resistor energization time to be shorter as the temperature around the starter or the temperature of the engine changes from a low temperature to a high temperature.
At low temperatures, the engine top dead center torque is large and the internal resistance of the battery is large. Therefore, when the first electromagnetic switch is energized, the motor speed rises slowly, and when the second electromagnetic switch is energized. The maximum current value may exceed the maximum current value when the first electromagnetic switch is energized. On the other hand, if the resistor energization time is lengthened, the second electromagnetic switch is energized at a higher motor speed, so that the maximum current value when the second electromagnetic switch is energized can be further reduced. The risk of exceeding the maximum current value when the first electromagnetic switch is energized can be avoided.

（請求項４の発明）
請求項１〜３に記載した何れかのスタータにおいて、第１の電磁スイッチの通電時にモータに流れる電流は、少なくとも、モータの発生トルクが、エンジンの上死点乗り越しトルク以上となる電流値であることを特徴とする。
上記の構成によれば、第１の電磁スイッチ通電時にモータの回転が上昇し易くなるため、第２の電磁スイッチ通電時のモータの回転がより上がることになる。その結果、第１の電磁スイッチ通電から第２の電磁スイッチ通電までの抵抗体通電時間をより短くすることができ、エンジン始動に要する時間を短縮できる。 (Invention of Claim 4 )
4. The starter according to claim 1, wherein the current flowing to the motor when the first electromagnetic switch is energized is at least a current value at which the generated torque of the motor is equal to or greater than the engine top dead center passing torque. It is characterized by that.
According to the above configuration, since the rotation of the motor is likely to increase when the first electromagnetic switch is energized, the rotation of the motor when the second electromagnetic switch is energized further increases. As a result, the resistor energization time from the first electromagnetic switch energization to the second electromagnetic switch energization can be further shortened, and the time required to start the engine can be shortened.

本発明を実施するための最良の形態を以下の実施例により詳細に説明する。   The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.

図１スタータ１の電気回路図、図２はスタータ１の平面図である。
本実施例のスタータ１は、図１に示す様に、通電により電機子２ａに回転力を発生するモータ２と、電機子２ａの回転力をエンジンのリングギヤ３に伝達するピニオンギヤ４と、バッテリ５からモータ２に電流を流すためのモータ回路に設けられるメイン接点（後述する）の開閉、および、シフトレバー６を介してピニオンギヤ４を反モータ方向（図示右方向）へ押し出す働きを有する電磁スイッチ７と、モータ回路にメイン接点と直列に接続される電流抑制抵抗８と、この電流抑制抵抗８を短絡可能に設けられた短絡用リレー９と、この短絡用リレー９を遅延作動させるタイマ回路１０等より構成される。 FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram of the starter 1, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the starter 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, the starter 1 of this embodiment includes a motor 2 that generates a rotational force in the armature 2 a by energization, a pinion gear 4 that transmits the rotational force of the armature 2 a to the ring gear 3 of the engine, and a battery 5. An electromagnetic switch 7 that opens and closes a main contact (to be described later) provided in a motor circuit for causing a current to flow from the motor 2 to the motor 2 and pushes the pinion gear 4 in the opposite motor direction (right direction in the figure) via the shift lever 6. A current suppression resistor 8 connected to the motor circuit in series with the main contact, a short-circuit relay 9 provided so that the current suppression resistor 8 can be short-circuited, a timer circuit 10 for delaying the short-circuit relay 9 and the like Consists of.

モータ２は、図１に示す電機子２ａの一端側（図示左側）に整流子２ｂが設けられ、電磁スイッチ７によりメイン接点が閉成されると、整流子２ｂの外周に配置されるブラシ１１を通じてバッテリ５から電機子２ａに通電されることにより、電機子２ａに回転力を発生する周知の整流子電動機である。このモータ２は、図２に示す様に、ハウジング１２に複数本のスルーボルト１３を締め付けて固定される。
ハウジング１２には、図２に示す様に、エンジン側のスタータ取り付け面（図示せず）に固定されるフランジ部１２ａと、電磁スイッチ７を固定するためのスイッチ取り付け部１２ｂとが設けられている。
ピニオンギヤ４は、モータ２に駆動される出力軸１４の外周にクラッチ１５と一体に配置され、出力軸１４の回転がクラッチ１５を介して伝達される。 The motor 2 is provided with a commutator 2b on one end side (left side in the figure) of the armature 2a shown in FIG. 1, and when the main contact is closed by the electromagnetic switch 7, the brush 11 disposed on the outer periphery of the commutator 2b. This is a known commutator motor that generates a rotational force in the armature 2a by being energized from the battery 5 to the armature 2a. As shown in FIG. 2, the motor 2 is fixed to the housing 12 by tightening a plurality of through bolts 13.
As shown in FIG. 2, the housing 12 is provided with a flange portion 12 a that is fixed to the starter mounting surface (not shown) on the engine side, and a switch mounting portion 12 b that fixes the electromagnetic switch 7. .
The pinion gear 4 is disposed integrally with the clutch 15 on the outer periphery of the output shaft 14 driven by the motor 2, and the rotation of the output shaft 14 is transmitted via the clutch 15.

電磁スイッチ７は、スイッチコイル１６とプランジャ１７を内蔵するソレノイドによって構成され、スイッチコイル１６への通電により電磁石が形成されてプランジャ１７を吸引する働きを有し、吸引されたプランジャ１７の動きに連動してメイン接点を閉成する。また、スイッチコイル１６への通電が停止して吸引力が消滅すると、図示しないスプリングの反力によりプランジャ１７が押し戻されて、メイン接点を開成する。この電磁スイッチ７は、図２に示す様に、ハウジング１２に設けられたスイッチ取り付け部１２ｂに２本のボルト１８を締め付けて固定される。   The electromagnetic switch 7 is constituted by a solenoid incorporating a switch coil 16 and a plunger 17, and has an action of attracting the plunger 17 by forming an electromagnet by energizing the switch coil 16, and interlocks with the movement of the attracted plunger 17. The main contact is closed. When the energization of the switch coil 16 is stopped and the attractive force disappears, the plunger 17 is pushed back by a reaction force of a spring (not shown) to open the main contact. As shown in FIG. 2, the electromagnetic switch 7 is fixed by fastening two bolts 18 to a switch mounting portion 12 b provided in the housing 12.

メイン接点は、Ｂ端子ボルト１９を介してモータ回路に接続されるＢ固定接点１９ａと、Ｍ端子ボルト２０を介してモータ回路に接続されるＭ固定接点２０ａと、プランジャ１７と一体に可動して両固定接点１９ａ、２０ａ間を断続する可動接点２１とで構成される。Ｂ端子ボルト１９は、図２に示す様に、金属製の連結板２２を介して、短絡用リレー９のマイナス端子９ｂに接続され、Ｍ端子ボルト２０は、モータリード線２３を介して正極側のブラシ１１（図１参照）と電気的に続されている。   The main contact is integrally movable with the B fixed contact 19a connected to the motor circuit via the B terminal bolt 19, the M fixed contact 20a connected to the motor circuit via the M terminal bolt 20, and the plunger 17. It is comprised with the movable contact 21 which interrupts between both the fixed contacts 19a and 20a. As shown in FIG. 2, the B terminal bolt 19 is connected to the negative terminal 9 b of the short-circuit relay 9 through a metal connecting plate 22, and the M terminal bolt 20 is connected to the positive electrode side through a motor lead wire 23. The brush 11 (see FIG. 1) is electrically connected.

スイッチコイル１６は、二つのコイル（吸引コイル１６ａと保持コイル１６ｂ）で構成される。吸引コイル１６ａは、一方の端部が励磁端子２４に接続され、他方の端部がＭ端子ボルト２０と電気的に接続されている。保持コイル１６ｂは、一方の端部が、吸引コイル１６ａの一方の端部と共に励磁端子２４に接続され、他方の端部がアース側（例えば、電磁スイッチ７の固定鉄心）に接続されている。
励磁端子２４は、スタータリレー２５を介してバッテリ５に接続され、ＩＧスイッチ２６のオン操作によりスタータリレー２５がオン作動すると、バッテリ５から流れる電流がスタータリレー２５を介して通電される。 The switch coil 16 includes two coils (a suction coil 16a and a holding coil 16b). The suction coil 16 a has one end connected to the excitation terminal 24 and the other end electrically connected to the M terminal bolt 20. The holding coil 16b has one end connected to the excitation terminal 24 together with one end of the suction coil 16a, and the other end connected to the ground side (for example, a fixed iron core of the electromagnetic switch 7).
The excitation terminal 24 is connected to the battery 5 via the starter relay 25, and when the starter relay 25 is turned on by turning on the IG switch 26, the current flowing from the battery 5 is energized via the starter relay 25.

電流抑制抵抗８は、モータ回路のメイン接点より上流側に接続され、短絡用リレー９に内蔵されている。
短絡用リレー９は、バッテリケーブルを介してバッテリ５の正極ターミナルに接続されるプラス端子９ａと、前記連結板２２を介して電磁スイッチ７のＢ端子ボルト１９に接続されるマイナス端子９ｂと、プラス端子９ａとマイナス端子９ｂとの間で電流抑制抵抗８と並列に接続される一対のリレー接点９ｃと、この一対のリレー接点９ｃ間を断続する可動接点９ｄと、一端がタイマ回路１０に接続され、他端がアース接続される励磁コイル９ｅ等より構成される。この短絡用リレー９は、図２に示す様に、電磁スイッチ７に近接して配置され、且つ、ブラケット２７を介してハウジング１２に固定される。 The current suppression resistor 8 is connected to the upstream side of the main contact of the motor circuit and is built in the short-circuit relay 9.
The shorting relay 9 includes a positive terminal 9a connected to the positive terminal of the battery 5 via the battery cable, a negative terminal 9b connected to the B terminal bolt 19 of the electromagnetic switch 7 via the connecting plate 22, and a positive A pair of relay contacts 9c connected in parallel with the current suppression resistor 8 between the terminal 9a and the minus terminal 9b, a movable contact 9d that intermittently connects between the pair of relay contacts 9c, and one end connected to the timer circuit 10. The other end includes an exciting coil 9e connected to the ground. As shown in FIG. 2, the short-circuit relay 9 is disposed in the vicinity of the electromagnetic switch 7 and is fixed to the housing 12 via the bracket 27.

ブラケット２７は、略円板状に設けられた一端側の端面に短絡用リレー９が溶接等により固定され、丸孔（図示せず）が２カ所形成された他端側が、ハウジング１２のスイッチ取り付け部１２ｂと電磁スイッチ７との間に挟持されて、上記の丸孔に挿通される２本のボルト１８により、電磁スイッチ７と共にハウジング１２に固定される。
タイマ回路１０は、短絡用リレー９に内蔵されて、一端がＩＧスイッチ２６の低電位側に接続され、他端がアース接続されている。なお、タイマ回路１０は、励磁コイル９ｅの下流側に接続することもできる。このタイマ回路１０は、ＩＧスイッチ２６がオン操作された後、予め設定された遅延時間（本発明の抵抗体通電時間）を経過した時点で励磁コイル９ｅへの通電を行う。 In the bracket 27, the short-circuit relay 9 is fixed by welding or the like to an end face on one end side provided in a substantially disc shape, and the other end side where two round holes (not shown) are formed is attached to the switch of the housing 12. It is fixed to the housing 12 together with the electromagnetic switch 7 by two bolts 18 sandwiched between the portion 12b and the electromagnetic switch 7 and inserted into the round hole.
The timer circuit 10 is built in the short-circuit relay 9 and has one end connected to the low potential side of the IG switch 26 and the other end connected to the ground. The timer circuit 10 can also be connected to the downstream side of the exciting coil 9e. The timer circuit 10 energizes the exciting coil 9e when a preset delay time (resistor energizing time of the present invention) elapses after the IG switch 26 is turned on.

次に、スタータ１の作動を図３〜図５を基に説明する。
なお、図３〜図５は、電磁スイッチ７と短絡用リレー９のオン／オフ動作を示すと共に、バッテリ端子電圧およびモータ電流の変化（電圧波形および電流波形）を横軸に時間をとって表したタイムチャートである。
ＩＧスイッチ２６がオン操作されると、スタータリレー２５がオン作動して、バッテリ５からスイッチコイル１６に通電される。その結果、プランジャ１７が吸引されて移動することにより、シフトレバー６を介してピニオンギヤ４が反モータ方向へ押し出される。その後、可動接点２１が両固定接点１９ａ、２０ａに当接してメイン接点が閉じると、バッテリ５から電流抑制抵抗８を介してモータ２に電流が流れる。この時、モータ２には、図３に示す様に、バッテリ５の全電圧より低い電圧（電圧値Ｖ１）が印加され、抑制された電流（電流値Ａ１）がモータ２に流れることにより、モータ２が低速度で回転する。 Next, the operation of the starter 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
3 to 5 show the on / off operation of the electromagnetic switch 7 and the short-circuit relay 9 and also show changes in the battery terminal voltage and the motor current (voltage waveform and current waveform) over time on the horizontal axis. It is a time chart.
When the IG switch 26 is turned on, the starter relay 25 is turned on to energize the switch coil 16 from the battery 5. As a result, when the plunger 17 is sucked and moved, the pinion gear 4 is pushed out in the counter-motor direction via the shift lever 6. Thereafter, when the movable contact 21 comes into contact with both the fixed contacts 19 a and 20 a and the main contact is closed, a current flows from the battery 5 to the motor 2 via the current suppression resistor 8. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, a voltage (voltage value V1) lower than the total voltage of the battery 5 is applied to the motor 2, and the suppressed current (current value A1) flows to the motor 2, whereby the motor 2 2 rotates at a low speed.

モータ２の回転を受けてピニオンギヤ４がリングギヤ３に噛み合った後、所定のタイミングで短絡用リレー９の励磁コイル９ｅに通電される。具体的には、ＩＧスイッチ２６がオン操作された後、所定の遅延時間が経過した時点で、タイマ回路１０を通じて短絡用リレー９の励磁コイル９ｅに通電される。その結果、可動接点９ｄが一対のリレー接点９ｃ間を閉じて、電流抑制抵抗８を短絡することにより、バッテリ５の全電圧がモータ２に印加される。この時、モータ２には、起動時の電流（電流値Ａ１）より高い電流（電流値Ａ２）が流れて、モータ２が高速度で回転する。これにより、モータ２の回転がピニオンギヤ４からリングギヤ３に伝達されてエンジンをクランキングする。   After receiving the rotation of the motor 2 and the pinion gear 4 meshes with the ring gear 3, the exciting coil 9e of the shorting relay 9 is energized at a predetermined timing. Specifically, after the IG switch 26 is turned on, the exciting coil 9e of the shorting relay 9 is energized through the timer circuit 10 when a predetermined delay time has elapsed. As a result, the movable contact 9 d closes the pair of relay contacts 9 c and short-circuits the current suppressing resistor 8, whereby the entire voltage of the battery 5 is applied to the motor 2. At this time, a current (current value A2) higher than the current at startup (current value A1) flows through the motor 2, and the motor 2 rotates at a high speed. Thereby, the rotation of the motor 2 is transmitted from the pinion gear 4 to the ring gear 3 to crank the engine.

ここで、電流抑制抵抗８を通じてモータ２の起動時に流れる電流、つまり、突入電流の値Ａ１は、以下の式（１）によって表される。
Ａ１＝バッテリ無負荷電圧／（バッテリ内部抵抗＋回路配線抵抗＋モータ抵抗＋電流抑制抵抗）………………………（１）
一方、短絡用リレー９をオンして電流抑制抵抗８を短絡した時にモータ２に流れる電流の最大値Ａ２は、以下の式（２）によって表される。
Ａ２＝（バッテリ無負荷電圧−モータ逆起電圧）／（バッテリ内部抵抗＋回路配線抵抗＋モータ抵抗）………………（２）
また、バッテリ端子電圧は、以下の式（３）によって求められる。
バッテリ端子電圧＝バッテリ無負荷電圧−（モータ電流×バッテリ内部抵抗）…（３） Here, the current flowing when the motor 2 is started through the current suppression resistor 8, that is, the inrush current value A1, is expressed by the following equation (1).
A1 = battery no-load voltage / (battery internal resistance + circuit wiring resistance + motor resistance + current suppression resistance) (1)
On the other hand, the maximum value A2 of the current flowing through the motor 2 when the shorting relay 9 is turned on and the current suppressing resistor 8 is short-circuited is expressed by the following equation (2).
A2 = (battery no-load voltage-motor back electromotive force) / (battery internal resistance + circuit wiring resistance + motor resistance) (2)
Moreover, a battery terminal voltage is calculated | required by the following formula | equation (3).
Battery terminal voltage = battery no-load voltage-(motor current x battery internal resistance) (3)

上記の式（３）によれば、電磁スイッチ７がメイン接点を閉成した時にモータ２に流れる最大電流Ａ１が小さくなると、バッテリ端子電圧Ｖ１をより高く確保できることが判る。しかし、図３に示す様に、Ａ２＞Ａ１であると、Ａ２によるバッテリ端子電圧Ｖ２の方がＶ１より低くなり、バッテリ５の最低端子電圧はここで決まることになる。
ところで、上記の電流値Ａ２を求める式（２）には、モータ逆起電圧の項が含まれている。このモータ逆起電圧は、以下の式（４）で表される様に、モータ２の回転数に比例する値である。
Ｅ＝ｋ・Φ・ｎ［Ｖ］………………（４）
ｋ：モータ定数、Φ：磁束量、ｎ：モータ回転数［ｒｐｍ］ According to the above formula (3), it can be seen that when the maximum current A1 flowing through the motor 2 is reduced when the electromagnetic switch 7 closes the main contact, the battery terminal voltage V1 can be secured higher. However, as shown in FIG. 3, when A2> A1, the battery terminal voltage V2 due to A2 is lower than V1, and the lowest terminal voltage of the battery 5 is determined here.
Incidentally, the equation (2) for obtaining the current value A2 includes a term of the motor back electromotive voltage. This motor back electromotive force is a value proportional to the rotational speed of the motor 2 as represented by the following formula (4).
E = k ・ Φ ・ n [V] ………… (4)
k: motor constant, Φ: magnetic flux, n: motor rotation speed [rpm]

モータ２の回転数は、モータ負荷、モータ温度、モータ２の性能劣化等の影響を大きく受けるため、実車においては、初期から年月の経過後まで安定し難い値である。これにより、電流値Ａ２は、モータ逆起電圧の値に応じて変動し、安定した値とはならない。
これに対し、電流値Ａ１は、式（１）にモータ逆起電圧の項が含まれておらず、バッテリ無負荷電圧と回路抵抗とで決まり、電流値Ａ２に比較して安定した値となり得る。
また、モータ回転数の上昇が終了するまでは、モータ逆起電圧は増加が続くため、電流値Ａ２は低下を続けることになる。従って、適当な遅延時間を設定すれば、図４に示す様に、Ａ１＝Ａ２となり、より安定した値であるＡ１によってバッテリ端子電圧の最低値を設定することができる。図４に示すモータ電流は、タイマ回路１０の遅延時間を適当な値（図３に示す遅延時間ｔ１より長い遅延時間ｔ２）に設定して、Ａ１＝Ａ２とした場合の電流波形である。 Since the rotation speed of the motor 2 is greatly affected by the motor load, the motor temperature, the performance deterioration of the motor 2, and the like, in an actual vehicle, it is a value that is difficult to be stable from the beginning to the end of the year. As a result, the current value A2 varies according to the value of the motor back electromotive voltage, and does not become a stable value.
On the other hand, the current value A1 does not include the term of the motor back electromotive voltage in the equation (1), is determined by the battery no-load voltage and the circuit resistance, and can be a stable value compared to the current value A2. .
Further, since the motor back electromotive voltage continues to increase until the increase in the motor rotation speed is completed, the current value A2 continues to decrease. Therefore, if an appropriate delay time is set, as shown in FIG. 4, A1 = A2, and the lowest value of the battery terminal voltage can be set by A1, which is a more stable value. The motor current shown in FIG. 4 is a current waveform when the delay time of the timer circuit 10 is set to an appropriate value (delay time t2 longer than the delay time t1 shown in FIG. 3) and A1 = A2.

以上より、電流抑制抵抗８を通じてモータ２に流れる電流の最大値Ａ１と、電流抑制抵抗８を短絡用リレー９により短絡した状態でモータ２に流れる電流の最大値Ａ２とが等しくなる（Ａ１＝Ａ２）ようにタイマ回路１０の遅延時間を設定することで、安定したバッテリ端子電圧を確保することが可能になる。但し、バッテリ５の種類、機種によっては、電流値Ａ１が流れた後、電流値Ａ２が流れるまでの極短い時間後では、バッテリ５の発生電圧が元に復帰しない場合がある。この場合は、バッテリ５の内部抵抗が見掛け上、上昇したことになるため、Ａ１＝Ａ２になるように遅延時間を設定すると、図４に示す様に、短絡用リレー９をオンした時のバッテリ端子電圧Ｖ２が、電磁スイッチ７をオンした時のバッテリ端子電圧Ｖ１より低くなる。   From the above, the maximum value A1 of the current flowing to the motor 2 through the current suppression resistor 8 is equal to the maximum value A2 of the current flowing to the motor 2 in a state where the current suppression resistor 8 is short-circuited by the short-circuit relay 9 (A1 = A2 By setting the delay time of the timer circuit 10 as described above, a stable battery terminal voltage can be secured. However, depending on the type and model of the battery 5, the generated voltage of the battery 5 may not return to the original after a very short time from when the current value A <b> 1 flows until the current value A <b> 2 flows. In this case, since the internal resistance of the battery 5 is apparently increased, if the delay time is set so that A1 = A2, the battery when the shorting relay 9 is turned on as shown in FIG. The terminal voltage V2 becomes lower than the battery terminal voltage V1 when the electromagnetic switch 7 is turned on.

従って、バッテリ端子電圧を等しく（Ｖ１＝Ｖ２）するためには、Ａ２をバッテリ５の見掛けの内部抵抗増加分だけ小さくする必要がある。これは、以下の式（５）で表すことができる。
Ａ２＝（１−δ・Ａ１）……………（５）
なお、「δ」は、バッテリ５の見掛けの内部抵抗増加率であり、４〜１０％の値となるが、実際の適用に当たっては、使用する電流条件での確認が必要となる。
上記の式（５）の関係が成立する様に、タイマ回路１０の遅延時間を適当な値（図４に示す遅延時間ｔ２より長い遅延時間ｔ３）に設定することで、図５に示す様に、Ｖ１＝Ｖ２とすることができ、バッテリ端子電圧の電圧降下を効果的、且つ、安定的に抑制することができる。これにより、バッテリ端子電圧の低下に起因する「瞬断」の発生を防止でき、特に、アイドルストップ装置を搭載した車両では、道路上でのエンジン始動時毎に「瞬断」が発生することを防止できるので、運転者の不快感を解消できる。 Therefore, in order to make the battery terminal voltages equal (V1 = V2), A2 needs to be reduced by an increase in the apparent internal resistance of the battery 5. This can be expressed by the following formula (5).
A2 = (1−δ · A1) (5)
Note that “δ” is an apparent increase rate of the internal resistance of the battery 5 and is a value of 4 to 10%. However, in actual application, confirmation under current conditions to be used is required.
By setting the delay time of the timer circuit 10 to an appropriate value (delay time t3 longer than the delay time t2 shown in FIG. 4) so that the relationship of the above equation (5) is established, as shown in FIG. V1 = V2, and the voltage drop of the battery terminal voltage can be effectively and stably suppressed. As a result, the occurrence of “instantaneous interruption” due to a decrease in battery terminal voltage can be prevented. Particularly, in a vehicle equipped with an idle stop device, “instantaneous interruption” occurs every time the engine is started on the road. This can prevent the driver's discomfort.

また、本実施例では、電磁スイッチ７に通電されてから短絡用リレー９をオンするまでの時間（遅延時間）をタイマ回路１０によって設定している。この場合、短絡用リレー９のオンタイミングを決定するために、電流値を検出してフィードバックする必要はなく、タイマ回路１０の時間設定だけで行うことができるので、回路構成を簡略化でき、コストを低減できる。また、回路構成の簡略化により、回路規模を小さくできるので、タイマ回路１０を短絡用リレー９に内蔵することが可能である。
なお、タイマ回路１０は、スタータ温度、スタータ周囲の温度、あるいはエンジンの温度の何れかによって遅延時間を変更しても良い。これは、温度変化により、エンジンの回転に要する上死点乗り越しトルクが変わるため、短絡用リレー９をオンする時のモータ回転数が変化する、つまり、モータ逆起電力が変化するため、温度に応じて遅延時間を可変することで、短絡用リレー９の通電時にモータ２に流れる最大電流値Ａ２を、電磁スイッチ７の通電時にモータ２に流れる最大電流値Ａ１に対して安定させることができる。 In the present embodiment, the timer circuit 10 sets the time (delay time) from when the electromagnetic switch 7 is energized to when the shorting relay 9 is turned on. In this case, it is not necessary to detect and feed back the current value in order to determine the on-timing of the short-circuit relay 9, and it can be performed only by setting the time of the timer circuit 10. Can be reduced. Further, since the circuit scale can be reduced by simplifying the circuit configuration, the timer circuit 10 can be incorporated in the short-circuit relay 9.
Note that the timer circuit 10 may change the delay time according to any of the starter temperature, the temperature around the starter, or the engine temperature. This is because the top dead center passing torque required for the rotation of the engine changes due to the temperature change, so that the motor rotation speed when the shorting relay 9 is turned on changes, that is, the motor back electromotive force changes. By varying the delay time accordingly, the maximum current value A2 flowing through the motor 2 when the shorting relay 9 is energized can be stabilized with respect to the maximum current value A1 flowing through the motor 2 when the electromagnetic switch 7 is energized.

また、タイマ回路１０は、スタータ周囲の温度またはエンジンの温度が、低温度から高温度になるにつれて、遅延時間を短く制御しても良い。
低温度では、エンジンの上死点乗り越しトルクが大きく、且つ、バッテリ５の内部抵抗が大きいことから、電磁スイッチ７の通電時にモータ２の回転数の立ち上がりが遅くなり、短絡用リレー９の通電時の最大電流値Ａ２が電磁スイッチ７の通電時の最大電流値Ａ１を超える恐れがある。これに対し、遅延時間を長くすると、モータ２の回転数のより高いところで短絡用リレー９をオンすることになるため、短絡用リレー９の通電時の最大電流値Ａ２をより下げることができ、電磁スイッチ７の通電時の最大電流値Ａ１を超える危険性を回避できる。 Further, the timer circuit 10 may control the delay time to be shorter as the temperature around the starter or the temperature of the engine changes from a low temperature to a high temperature.
When the temperature is low, the engine top dead center torque is large and the internal resistance of the battery 5 is large. Therefore, when the electromagnetic switch 7 is energized, the rise of the rotational speed of the motor 2 is delayed, and the short-circuit relay 9 is energized. May exceed the maximum current value A1 when the electromagnetic switch 7 is energized. On the other hand, if the delay time is lengthened, the short-circuit relay 9 is turned on at a higher rotational speed of the motor 2, so that the maximum current value A2 when the short-circuit relay 9 is energized can be further reduced. The risk of exceeding the maximum current value A1 when the electromagnetic switch 7 is energized can be avoided.

また、本実施例のスタータ１は、電磁スイッチ７の通電時にモータ２に流れる電流は、少なくとも、モータ２の発生トルクが、エンジンの上死点乗り越しトルク以上となる電流値であることを特徴とする。
この場合、電磁スイッチ７の通電時にモータ２の回転が上昇し易くなるため、短絡用リレー９に通電した時のモータ２の回転がより上がることになる。その結果、電磁スイッチ７の通電から短絡用リレー９をオンするまでの遅延時間をより短くすることができ、エンジン始動に要する時間を短縮できる。 Further, the starter 1 of the present embodiment is characterized in that the current flowing through the motor 2 when the electromagnetic switch 7 is energized is at least a current value at which the torque generated by the motor 2 is equal to or greater than the engine top dead center torque. To do.
In this case, since the rotation of the motor 2 is likely to increase when the electromagnetic switch 7 is energized, the rotation of the motor 2 when the short-circuit relay 9 is energized further increases. As a result, the delay time from energization of the electromagnetic switch 7 to turning on the short-circuit relay 9 can be further shortened, and the time required for engine start can be shortened.

スタータの電気回路図である。It is an electric circuit diagram of a starter. スタータの平面図である。It is a top view of a starter. スタータの作動に係わるタイムチャートである。It is a time chart concerning the operation | movement of a starter. スタータの作動に係わるタイムチャートである。It is a time chart concerning the operation | movement of a starter. スタータの作動に係わるタイムチャートである。It is a time chart concerning the operation | movement of a starter. 従来スタータの作動に係わるタイムチャートである。It is a time chart concerning the operation | movement of the conventional starter.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ スタータ
２ モータ
３ リングギヤ
４ ピニオンギヤ
５ バッテリ
７ 電磁スイッチ（第１の電磁スイッチ）
８ 電流抑制抵抗
９ 短絡用リレー（第２の電磁スイッチ）
９ｃ リレー接点（補助接点）
１９ａ Ｂ固定接点（メイン接点）
２０ａ Ｍ固定接点（メイン接点）
２１ 可動接点（メイン接点） 1 Starter 2 Motor 3 Ring Gear 4 Pinion Gear 5 Battery 7 Electromagnetic Switch (First Electromagnetic Switch)
8 Current suppression resistor 9 Short-circuit relay (second electromagnetic switch)
9c Relay contact (auxiliary contact)
19a B fixed contact (main contact)
20a M fixed contact (main contact)
21 Movable contact (main contact)

Claims (4)

通電により回転力を発生するモータと、
このモータに発生する回転力をエンジンのリングギヤに伝達するピニオンギヤと、
バッテリから前記モータに電流を流すためのモータ回路に設けられるメイン接点を開閉する第１の電磁スイッチと、
前記モータ回路に前記メイン接点と直列に接続される抵抗体と、
前記モータ回路に前記抵抗体と並列に接続される補助接点を有し、この補助接点を開閉する第２の電磁スイッチとを備え、
前記第１の電磁スイッチにより前記メイン接点を閉じて、前記抵抗体により抑制された電流を前記モータに通電した後、所定のタイミングで前記第２の電磁スイッチにより前記補助接点を閉じて前記抵抗体を短絡することにより、前記バッテリの全電圧を前記モータへ印加する方式のスタータであって、
前記第１の電磁スイッチに通電した後、前記第２の電磁スイッチに通電するまでの時間を抵抗体通電時間と呼ぶ時に、前記第２の電磁スイッチの通電時に前記モータに流れる最大電流値が、前記第１の電磁スイッチの通電時に前記モータに流れる最大電流値より小さくなる様に、且つ、前記第２の電磁スイッチの通電時における前記バッテリの端子電圧が、前記第１の電磁スイッチの通電時における前記バッテリの端子電圧と等しくなる様に、前記抵抗体通電時間を設定するとともに、
前記抵抗体通電時間は、前記第１の電磁スイッチに通電するオン時刻を基準として、前記第２の電磁スイッチに通電するオンタイミングを遅延回路により設定することを特徴とするスタータ。 A motor that generates rotational force when energized;
A pinion gear that transmits the rotational force generated in the motor to the ring gear of the engine;
A first electromagnetic switch for opening and closing a main contact provided in a motor circuit for flowing current from a battery to the motor;
A resistor connected in series with the main contact to the motor circuit;
The motor circuit has an auxiliary contact connected in parallel with the resistor, and includes a second electromagnetic switch for opening and closing the auxiliary contact,
The main contact is closed by the first electromagnetic switch, the current suppressed by the resistor is energized to the motor, and then the auxiliary contact is closed by the second electromagnetic switch at a predetermined timing. A starter of a system in which the entire voltage of the battery is applied to the motor by short-circuiting,
When the time until the second electromagnetic switch is energized after energizing the first electromagnetic switch is referred to as a resistor energization time, the maximum current value that flows through the motor when the second electromagnetic switch is energized is : The terminal voltage of the battery when the first electromagnetic switch is energized is smaller than the maximum current value that flows through the motor when the first electromagnetic switch is energized. The resistor energization time is set so as to be equal to the terminal voltage of the battery at
The resistor energization time is set by a delay circuit to set an on timing for energizing the second electromagnetic switch based on an on time for energizing the first electromagnetic switch. 請求項１に記載したスタータにおいて、
前記遅延回路は、スタータ温度、スタータ周囲の温度、あるいはエンジンの温度の何れかによって前記抵抗体通電時間を可変することを特徴とするスタータ。 The starter according to claim 1 ,
The delay circuit varies the resistor energization time according to any one of a starter temperature, a starter ambient temperature, and an engine temperature. 請求項２に記載したスタータにおいて、
前記遅延回路は、スタータ周囲の温度またはエンジンの温度が、低温度から高温度になるにつれて、前記抵抗体通電時間を短く制御することを特徴とするスタータ。 The starter according to claim 2 ,
The delay circuit controls the resistor energization time to be shorter as the ambient temperature of the starter or the temperature of the engine changes from a low temperature to a high temperature. 請求項１〜３に記載した何れかのスタータにおいて、
前記第１の電磁スイッチの通電時に前記モータに流れる電流は、少なくとも、前記モータの発生トルクが、エンジンの上死点乗り越しトルク以上となる電流値であることを特徴とするスタータ。 The starter according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
The starter characterized in that the current flowing through the motor when the first electromagnetic switch is energized is at least a current value at which the generated torque of the motor is equal to or higher than the engine top dead center torque.
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KR101747072B1 (en) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-15 발레오전장시스템스코리아 주식회사 Apparatus for driving starter motor
WO2017111480A1 (en) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-29 발레오전장시스템스코리아 주식회사 Driving device of starter motor

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EP2128426A3 (en) 2012-03-07
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EP2128426B1 (en) 2015-05-13
EP2128426B8 (en) 2015-07-08

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