JP5113381B2 - Air-water dispersion mechanism - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an air-water dispersion mechanism for a filtration tank, and in particular, maintains a high air ejection amount uniformity even when the number of air-water dispersion functional members is increased, cleans the entire supporting gravel layer, and provides a water outlet. The present invention relates to an air-water dispersion mechanism that can be less clogged.

As an example of a conventional air-water dispersion mechanism for filtration, there is a nozzle type, as shown in FIG. 5, fixed to a support gravel layer 1 on a support plate 2 of a filtration tank (for example, Patent Document 1).
As shown in FIG. 4, slits 81 for passing air and water are opened in the nozzle heads 8 of these air / water dispersion function members, and the slit width is often 1.0 mm or less. .
However, if raw water containing a large amount of microorganisms continues to flow directly through the slit 81 as in the upward flow type biological treatment, the slit of about 1.0 mm has a relatively short period of time due to turbidity or biological film. May cause clogging.

Naturally, since air cleaning is performed, the slit 81 is cleaned every time cleaning is performed. However, since a biofilm formed by passing water for several months is quite sticky, it is completely removed from the slit 81. It is extremely difficult.
Moreover, in the conventional air / water dispersion function member, the air / water conducting nozzle 9 and the nozzle head 8 are integrated, so that when the clogging of the slit 81 is completely removed, the filtration tank is used for cleaning the nozzle head 8. There is a major drawback in that the filter media and the supporting gravel layer must be removed.

In order to solve this, it seems that if the slit width is increased from about 1.0 mm to about 5.0 mm, the clogging as described above of the slit can be solved to some extent, but the slit width is increased. Therefore, since the opening ratio (total water collection hole area / filtration area) increases, there is a drawback that the uniformity of the amount of cleaning air ejected from each slit is reduced.
Even if the slit width is increased to about 5.0 mm, it is considered that the aperture ratio can be reduced by reducing the number of slits, and the uniformity of the air ejection amount can be increased. However, by reducing the number of slits, the air ejection holes are reduced. Since the number is also reduced, there is a problem that the supporting gravel layer cannot be washed extensively.

In addition, since the diameter of the nozzle head of general air-water dispersion function members is often 100 mm or less and the installation interval of the nozzle head is about 200 mm as a standard, the support gravel between the nozzle heads during air cleaning is used. There is a disadvantage that a part of the surface cannot be brought into contact with the cleaning air and the entire supporting gravel layer cannot be sufficiently cleaned.
If the number of air-water dispersion functional members is increased and the nozzle head installation interval is narrower than 200 mm, it is considered that the supporting gravel between the nozzle heads can be sufficiently cleaned. It is not so preferable to increase the number of air-water dispersion functional members.

In addition, when an upward flow biological treatment is performed, a large amount of turbidity is trapped in the supporting gravel layer. Therefore, the conventional air-water dispersion mechanism cannot recover the original pressure loss even after washing. Sometimes.
If raw water with high turbidity flows into the supporting gravel layer without sufficiently removing the turbidity trapped in the supporting gravel layer, there is a high possibility that the pressure loss will increase rapidly and hinder the operation.
Therefore, it is difficult to say that the conventional air-water dispersion mechanism is suitable for the upward flow biological treatment. For the upward flow biological treatment, a new type that can wash the entire supporting gravel layer and the filter medium is used. Application of the air-water dispersion mechanism is desired.
JP-A-8-243575

  In view of the problems of the conventional air-water dispersion mechanism, the present invention maintains a high air ejection amount uniformity even when the number of air-water dispersion functional members is increased, cleans the entire supporting gravel layer, An object of the present invention is to provide an air-water dispersion mechanism that can prevent clogging of a water mouth.

In order to achieve the above object, the air-water dispersion mechanism of the present invention is provided on the support plate of the filtration treatment tank so as to be embedded in the support gravel layer that supports the filter medium, supplies raw water to the filter medium, and In the air-water dispersal mechanism designed to perform air-water cleaning, the air-water conducting nozzle or the high-pressure cleaning nozzle is selectively detachably attached from below the support plate via a one-touch adapter provided on the support plate. A nozzle head having a face-down shape fixed on a support plate so as to cover the air- water conducting nozzle or the high-pressure washing nozzle , and forming a plurality of air ejection holes in the peripheral wall of the nozzle head, A water passage is formed between the support plates.

According to the air / water dispersion mechanism of the present invention, by separating the air ejection holes and the water flow ports, the air ejection hole ratio does not become so large even if the number of air / water dispersion functional members is increased, and the air / water dispersion functional member. Even if the number is increased, a high air ejection amount uniformity can be maintained, and the water flow opening can be formed appropriately large, so that the structure can be made much less clogged than in the past.
In addition, in order to clean the entire supporting gravel layer, it is necessary to uniformly eject air from the air ejection holes, and in order to increase the uniformity of the amount of air ejection, air pressure fluctuation in the nozzle head must be reduced. However, by setting the tip of the air / water conducting nozzle to an intermediate position from the bottom to the top of the nozzle head, the air flowing from the air / water conducting nozzle forms a stable air layer in the nozzle head. Thus, the air pressure fluctuation can be reduced and the air ejection amount uniformity can be increased.
Furthermore, conventionally, since air is ejected only from the upper part of the slit during air cleaning, the lower part of the supporting gravel layer could not be sufficiently cleaned no matter how many times the air cleaning is performed. In the water dispersion mechanism, since the air ejection holes are positioned close to the support plate, the lower part of the support gravel layer can be sufficiently washed.

By selectively removably attached as to Rukoto the nozzle or high pressure cleaning nozzle for steam passage guide through the one-touch adapter disposed on the support plate from below the support plate, a nozzle for steam through guide can replace the high-pressure cleaning nozzle, thereby, without removing the filter medium and the support gravel layer from the filtration tank as in the conventional, it can be easily cleaned nozzle head.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the air-water dispersion mechanism of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 3 show an embodiment of the air / water dispersion mechanism of the present invention.

This air-water dispersion mechanism is provided on the support plate 2 of the filtration tank so as to be embedded in the support gravel layer 1 that supports the filter medium so that raw water is supplied to the filter medium and the support gravel layer 1 is washed with air and water. An air-water dispersion functional member is provided.
And the air-water dispersion | distribution functional member which comprises this air-water dispersion | distribution mechanism is attached to the support plate 2 so that the air-water conduction nozzle 3 which penetrates the support plate 2, and this nozzle 3 for air-water conduction may be covered. The nozzle head 4 has a cap-shaped nozzle head 4 which is fixed, and a plurality of air ejection holes 5 are formed on the peripheral wall of the nozzle head 4, and a water flow port 6 is formed between the nozzle head 4 and the support plate 2. Yes.

  Although the filtration tank is omitted in the figure, for example, a filter medium is constituted by a carrier of microorganisms, and this filter medium is supported by a support plate 2 through a support gravel layer 1 and is provided at a plurality of locations on the support plate 2. An air-water dispersion functional member is provided, and raw water is supplied as an upward flow from the air-water dispersion functional member and filtered.

The air-water conducting nozzle 3 is formed of a cylindrical body that opens up and down, and includes a nozzle stem portion 31 to which raw water, cleaning air and / or a water hose (not shown) are connected at the bottom.
The air / water conducting nozzle 3 includes a one-touch adapter 32 that is detachably provided by fitting, and is detachably attached to the support plate 2 via the one-touch adapter 32.

In this embodiment, the nozzle head 4 is made of stainless steel and has a plurality of air ejection holes 5 formed at equal intervals in the lower part of the peripheral wall.
The nozzle head 4 is formed airtight except for the air ejection holes 5, and the air A supplied from the air / water conducting nozzle 3 is temporarily accumulated in the nozzle head 4 and then ejected from the air ejection holes 5.
The nozzle head 4 is fixed to the support plate 2 by a fixed plate 41 having a predetermined thickness that also serves as a spacer. The water passage 6 is connected between the nozzle head 4 and the support plate 2 by the fixed plate 41. It is formed by the gap | interval provided in.

Next, the operation of the air / water dispersion function member used in the air / water dispersion mechanism of the present embodiment will be described focusing on the cleaning operation.
This air / water dispersion functioning member does not cause air to be ejected from the same ejection port as that of water during the cleaning operation as in the prior art, but ejects air A from an air ejection hole 5 formed in the side surface of the face-down nozzle head 4. The raw water is mainly passed through the water inlet 6 formed by the gap between the nozzle head 4 and the support plate 2.
As shown in FIG. 4, in the conventional air-water dispersion function member, the air ejection holes and the water passage openings are made the same, so when the number of nozzles is increased, the air ejection aperture ratio (the filtration area of the total area of the air ejection holes (≈support) The ratio to the area of the plate) is increased, and there is a problem that the accuracy of air ejection is reduced. In this embodiment, by separating the air ejection holes 5 and the water flow ports 6, Even if the number is increased, the air ejection hole ratio does not increase so much, so even if the number of air-water dispersion functional members is increased, a high air ejection amount uniformity can be maintained.
Further, in this embodiment, the height of the water flow opening 6 formed by the gap between the nozzle head 4 and the support plate 2 is about 10 mm, so that the structure is much less likely to be clogged than before.

Furthermore, since the air-water dispersion | distribution functional member of a present Example is slightly larger than the conventional nozzle head 8 with the diameter of the nozzle head 4 being 100-120 mm, the distance between each nozzle head 4 is the distance between the conventional nozzle heads 8. Shorter than.
For example, when the air / water dispersion function members are installed at intervals of 160 mm, the distance between the nozzle heads is 85 mm in the past (the diameter of the nozzle head is 70 mm), whereas in this air / water dispersion function member, the distance is 35 to 50 mm. .
Therefore, the air / water dispersion functional member of the present embodiment enables the entire supporting gravel layer 1 between the nozzle heads 4 to come into contact with the air A during the air cleaning, and can sufficiently clean the entire supporting gravel layer 1. Become.

In addition, the conventional nozzle head is often made of resin, but the nozzle head 4 of this embodiment is made of stainless steel. Therefore, even if the nozzle head 4 is made large, the durability against the weight of the supporting gravel layer 1 and the filter medium and There is no problem with corrosivity.
In the upward flow biological treatment, the main cause of pressure loss is due to the turbidity and biofilm accumulated in the support gravel layer 1, so that the entire support gravel layer 1 is sufficiently cleaned using the air-water dispersion mechanism. By doing so, it becomes possible to lengthen the cleaning interval of the biological treatment.
Further, if the cleaning interval can be lengthened, the amount of cleaning waste water can be reduced, so that the cost for sludge treatment can be reduced.

By the way, in order to wash the entire support gravel layer 1, it is necessary to uniformly eject the air A from the air ejection holes 5. In order to increase the ejection amount uniformity of the air A, the air pressure fluctuation in the nozzle head 4 must be reduced.
Therefore, the air A flowing in from the air / water conducting nozzle 3 is stabilized in the nozzle head 4 by setting the tip of the air / water conducting nozzle 3 to an intermediate position from the bottom to the top of the nozzle head 4. Thus, the air layer can be formed, whereby the air pressure fluctuation can be reduced and the ejection amount uniformity of the air A can be increased.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, in the conventional air / water dispersion function member, since air A is ejected only from the upper part of the slit 81 during air cleaning, the lower part of the supporting gravel layer 1 can be sufficiently removed regardless of the number of times of air cleaning. Can not be cleaned.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, the air / water dispersion functional member of the present embodiment has the air ejection hole 5 at a position of a few tens of millimeters from the support plate 2, so that the lower part of the support gravel layer 1 is also thoroughly washed. Can do.

As described above, the air / water dispersion functional member of the present embodiment has a structure that is less likely to be clogged than the conventional one. However, when raw water is passed for a long time (one year or more), clogging due to a biofilm will occur. It is thought to occur.
Therefore, in order to remove the clogging of the nozzle head 4, the air / water dispersion function member of the present embodiment has a structure in which high-pressure water can be injected into the air ejection holes 5 and the water flow ports 6.

The cleaning of the nozzle head 4 with high pressure water is shown in FIG.
First, the one-touch adapter 32a on the female side of all the air / water dispersion function members is unlocked, and the air / water conducting nozzle 3 and the nozzle stem portion 31 are removed.
The high-pressure hose 7 with the same one-touch adapter 32a attached to the tip is attached to the male one-touch adapter 32b welded to the support plate 2, and high-pressure water flows from the high-pressure nozzle 71 to the nozzle head 4 for several minutes.
This is repeated for the other air / water dispersion functional members.

The washing waste water is discharged from the hole 21 after the other air / water conducting nozzle 3 is removed, and finally, clean water is sprinkled from the filter medium layer with a hose or the like, and the suspended matter is washed down from the hole 21 to the lower part as much as possible.
In addition to the cleaning method as described above, the one-touch adapter 32a of all the air / water dispersion function members is unlocked, and the air / water conducting nozzle 3 and the nozzle stem portion 31 are removed, It is also possible to clean by inserting a commercially available high-pressure cleaning nozzle into the hole 21 after removing the guiding nozzle 3.
Conventionally, in order to clean the nozzle head, the filter medium and supporting gravel had to be removed from the filtration tank. However, in the air / water dispersion functional member of this embodiment, as described above, the nozzle head This disadvantage could be overcome by not integrating 4 with the air / water conducting nozzle 3.

Further, conventionally, since the nozzle head is relatively small, air A is ejected to a local portion of the supporting gravel layer 1, and a strong upward shearing force acts on that portion.
Therefore, in the conventional air-water dispersion mechanism, the thickness of the supporting gravel layer 1 is often set to about 500 mm in order to prevent mixing of the supporting gravel layer 1 (particularly the surface layer) due to washing.
On the other hand, in the air-water dispersion mechanism of the present embodiment, since the nozzle head 4 is relatively large, the air A is ejected over a wide range and a strong upward shearing force does not act on the local portion of the supporting gravel layer 1.
Actually, in the air dispersion performance comparison test (the thickness of the supporting gravel layer was 375 mm), in the air-water dispersion mechanism of this example, there was almost no mixing of the supporting gravel layer 1 after air cleaning.
Therefore, the air-water dispersion mechanism of the present embodiment can reduce the thickness of the supporting gravel layer as compared with the conventional case, and can therefore reduce the initial cost and the running cost.

  As mentioned above, although the air-water dispersion mechanism of the present invention has been described based on the examples thereof, the present invention is not limited to the configurations described in the above examples, and the configurations described in the examples are appropriately combined, etc. The configuration can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the invention.

  The air-water dispersion mechanism of the present invention maintains a high air ejection amount uniformity even when the number of air-water dispersion functional members is increased, and is characterized by washing the entire supporting gravel layer and making it difficult to clog the water inlet. Therefore, it can be used widely and suitably for the use of the air-water dispersion mechanism of the filtration tank.

It is sectional drawing which shows one Example of the air-water dispersion | distribution functional member used for the air-water dispersion | distribution mechanism of this invention. The same air-water dispersion | distribution functional member is shown, (a) is the sectional drawing, (b) is the top view, (c) is sectional drawing of a one-touch adapter, (d) is a front view of the nozzle for air-water conduction. . The replacement of the nozzle part of the same air-water dispersion function member is shown, (a) is a cross-sectional view with the air-water conducting nozzle attached, (b) is a cross-sectional view with the air-water conducting nozzle removed, and (c) is It is sectional drawing equipped with the high pressure hose. The conventional nozzle for air-water conduction is shown, (a) is a front view which shows the example, (b) is a front view which shows another example. The conventional air cleaning by the nozzle for conducting air and water is shown, (a) is a front view showing an example thereof, and (b) is a front view showing another example.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Support gravel layer 2 Support plate 21 Hole 3 Air / water conducting nozzle 31 Nozzle stem portion 32 One-touch adapter 4 Nozzle head 41 Fixed plate 5 Air ejection hole 6 Water inlet 7 High pressure hose 71 High pressure nozzle A Air

Claims (1)

Provided on the support plate of the filtration tank so as to fill the support gravel layer supporting filter media, supplies raw water to the filter medium, the steam-water dispersion mechanism to perform the steam-water wash of the support gravel layer, the support plate The nozzle for high pressure water or the high pressure washing nozzle is selectively detachably attached from below the support plate via the one-touch adapter arranged in the cover so as to cover the nozzle for high pressure water or the high pressure washing nozzle. comprising a fixed face down bowl-shaped nozzle head on the support plate, to form a plurality of air ejection holes in a peripheral wall of the nozzle head, the gas-water dispersion, characterized in that the formation of the passing Mizuguchi the nozzle head to the support plates mechanism.

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