JP5104096B2 - 3D image display apparatus and 3D image display method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a stereoscopic video display device and a stereoscopic video display method, and more particularly to a stereoscopic video display device and a stereoscopic video display method using an electronic shutter.

  Conventionally, various attempts have been made for techniques for expressing stereoscopic images, and image display methods relating to stereoscopic images have been studied and put into practical use in many fields that handle images such as photographs, movies, and televisions. Yes.

  Three-dimensional image display methods are roughly classified into a glasses method and a no-glasses method. In either method, an image with parallax is separately incident on the left and right eyes of an observer, and a stereoscopic image is displayed. It can be seen as a video.

  As a glasses method, a method using polarized glasses disclosed in Patent Document 1 and a method using shutter glasses disclosed in Patent Document 2 are known.

  The polarized glasses-type stereoscopic image display device described above is attached to, for example, a liquid crystal panel unit and the front surface thereof, and a divided wavelength plate (1/2 wavelength plate) for changing the polarization direction is arranged every horizontal line of a pixel row. And a divided wavelength plate filter provided. For example, the image light from the liquid crystal panel is emitted as it is without changing the polarization direction in the even lines, and is converted into a direction orthogonal to the linearly polarized light from the even lines by the action of the divided wavelength plate filter in the odd lines. Are emitted. For example, it is assumed that the image light for the right eye is reproduced with even lines and the image light for the left eye is reproduced with odd lines.

For example, the image light emitted as described above is observed by an observer through so-called polarizing glasses in which polarizing plates having polarization angles orthogonal to each other are arranged for the right eye and the left eye. By using polarized glasses, the image light for the right eye reproduced by the even line is incident on the observer's right eye, and the image light for the left eye reproduced by the odd line is applied to the observer's left eye. Incident.
In this way, a stereoscopic image can be observed by observing the left and right images through the polarizing glasses.

In the shutter glasses type stereoscopic image display device, for example, in the image display unit, the right-eye image signal and the left-eye image signal are alternately supplied for each frame, and the right-eye image is displayed on the display surface. The left-eye image is reproduced alternately every frame.
The above-described image is observed by an observer through so-called shutter glasses in which shutters that are alternately opened and closed, such as liquid crystal, are arranged for the right eye and the left eye. By using the shutter glasses, the image for the right eye is observed with the right eye of the observer, the image for the left eye is observed with the left eye, and a stereoscopic image can be observed.
The shutter glasses made of liquid crystal are composed of, for example, a liquid crystal panel provided with a linear polarizing filter, and light is transmitted or not transmitted by driving the liquid crystal panel.

FIG. 15 is a drive timing chart of the above-described shutter glasses type stereoscopic image display apparatus.
For example, in the image display unit, a moving image is displayed at a frame rate of 120 fps (period 8.3 ms). The display frame indicates the timing of each of the first frame F1, the second frame F2,.

Here, for example, odd frames (first frame F1, third frame F3,...) Are images for the left eye, and even frames (second frame F2, fourth frames F4,...) Are images for the right eye. When present, 100% transmission T _L is odd frame of the shutter for the left eye, 0% in the even frame, whereas the transmittance of the right-eye shutter T _R is 0% in the odd frame, and 100% even frame Thus, the transmittance is changed in accordance with the timing of the display frame. For example, when a liquid crystal shutter is used, it takes about 2 ms to change the transmittance from 0% to 100% (or from 100% to 0%). It is necessary to set the ranking period B to about 2 ms so that the transmittance change is completed during the blanking period B.
As described above, the left-eye image is observed with the left eye of the observer in the odd-numbered frame, and the right-eye image is observed with the right eye in the even-numbered frame, so that a stereoscopic image can be observed.

For example, in general image display apparatuses, it is required to improve the image quality of displayed images. For this purpose, as described in Patent Document 3, it is necessary to increase the frame rate, which is a value indicating the number of times the screen is updated per second.
For example, a screen is displayed by scanning one-dimensional display light using a one-dimensional modulation light element called GLV (grating light valve). Since the GLV element has a high response speed, video display at a high frame rate is possible.

  Here, when the stereoscopic video is displayed by the time division method as described above, the following problems occur when the frame rate of the display device is increased.

FIG. 16 is a drive timing chart of the above-described shutter glasses type stereoscopic image display device, in which the frame rate is higher than that in FIG.
For example, in the image display unit, a moving image is displayed at a frame rate of 240 fps (period 4.15 ms). The display frame indicates the timing of each of the first frame F1, the second frame F2,.

Here, for example, odd frames (first frame F1, third frame F3,...) Are images for the left eye, and even frames (second frame F2, fourth frames F4,...) Are images for the right eye. When present, 100% transmission T _L is odd frame of the shutter for the left eye, 0% in the even frame, whereas the transmittance of the right-eye shutter T _R is 0% in the odd frame, and 100% even frame Thus, the transmittance is changed in accordance with the timing of the display frame.

  Here, as in the case of FIG. 15, for example, when a liquid crystal shutter is used, it takes about 2 ms per change to change the transmittance from 0% to 100% (or from 100% to 0%). Therefore, if the blanking period is similarly secured about 2 ms, about half of 4.15 ms in one cycle becomes the blanking period, and the amount of light in the blanking period is wasted, so that a display device having the same brightness can be obtained. There are disadvantages in that the size of the apparatus is increased and power consumption is increased to realize, and in the scan type display device, the scan time is shortened, and the display device is driven at a higher speed, so that the device is complicated. For this reason, when it takes about 2 ms to change the transmittance, it is difficult to display 240 fps, and the display of 120 fps is the limit.

FIG. 16 shows a case where the blanking period B for one cycle is shortened compared to the case of FIG. 15 and the proportion of time for displaying an image is secured.
However, the time required for the change in transmittance of the liquid crystal shutter is about 2 ms as before. Therefore, in the case of FIG. 16, the period during which the change in transmittance occurs overlaps the beginning and end of each frame. ing. During this overlapping period, so-called crosstalk occurs in which the right-eye image is observed with the left eye and the left-eye image is observed with the unintended eye with low transmittance. The overlap period is a crosstalk period _PCT .
JP 2004-157425 A JP 2002-82307 A JP 2005-136868 A JP 2006-91471 A

  The problem to be solved is that it is difficult to suppress the crosstalk that occurs when the frame rate is increased in the stereoscopic image display apparatus using the left-eye shutter and the right-eye shutter and the method thereof. It is impossible to improve the moving image quality of a stereoscopic video display device that uses a single video display device.

  The stereoscopic image display device of the present invention includes an image display unit that alternately displays a right-eye image and a left-eye image corresponding to parallax for viewing a stereoscopic image on an image display surface by scanning with modulated light, and the image A time-division shutter having a right-eye shutter and a left-eye shutter, which is arranged between a display surface and an observer and divided into a plurality of areas and configured to be individually openable and closable for each of the areas, and the time-division shutter The right eye shutter or the left eye shutter corresponding to the reproduction of the right eye image or the left eye image, respectively, so that only the part corresponding to the scanning position of the modulated light is opened. It has a control part which synchronizes the display in an image display part, and the opening and closing in the said time division shutter, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  In the stereoscopic video display device of the present invention, the right-eye image and the left-eye image corresponding to the parallax for visually recognizing the stereoscopic video are alternately displayed on the image display surface of the image display unit by scanning the modulated light, Right-eye image in a time-division shutter having a right-eye shutter and a left-eye shutter, which is arranged between an image display surface and an observer and divided into a plurality of regions and configured to be individually openable and closable for each region Alternatively, the display on the image display unit and the opening and closing on the time-division shutter are opened so that only the part corresponding to the scanning position of the modulated light of the right-eye shutter or the left-eye shutter corresponding to the left-eye image reproduction is opened. Controlled and synchronized.

  Further, the stereoscopic video display method of the present invention is a process of alternately displaying a right-eye image and a left-eye image corresponding to parallax for viewing a stereoscopic video on the image display surface of the image display unit by scanning with modulated light. And a time-division shutter having a right-eye shutter and a left-eye shutter that are arranged between the image display surface and the observer and divided into a plurality of areas and configured to be opened and closed individually for each area. The right-eye shutter or the left-eye shutter corresponding to the time of reproduction of the right-eye image or the left-eye image by controlling the display on the image display unit and the opening / closing of the time-division shutter to be synchronized. And a step of driving so that only a portion corresponding to the scanning position of the modulated light is opened.

  In the stereoscopic video display method of the present invention, the right-eye image and the left-eye image corresponding to the parallax for visually recognizing the stereoscopic video are alternately displayed on the image display surface of the image display unit by scanning with modulated light. In a time-division shutter having a right-eye shutter and a left-eye shutter that are arranged between an image display surface and an observer and divided into a plurality of regions and configured to be individually openable and closable for each region. Controlling the display and opening and closing of the time-division shutter to be synchronized, corresponding to the scanning position of the modulated light of the right-eye shutter or left-eye shutter corresponding to the playback of the right-eye image or left-eye image, respectively Drive so that only the part to be opened.

In addition, the stereoscopic image display apparatus of the present invention alternately displays an image for the right eye and an image for the left eye corresponding to the parallax for visually recognizing the stereoscopic image by scanning with modulated light having mutually orthogonal polarizations. An image display unit for displaying on a screen, a right-eye polarizing plate disposed between the image display surface and an observer, the polarization angles being orthogonal to each other, and transmitting the polarization of the right-eye image, and the left eye And a polarizing plate having a polarizing plate for the left eye that transmits the polarized light of the image for use.

In the above-described stereoscopic video display device of the present invention, the image for the right eye and the image for the left eye corresponding to the parallax for visually recognizing the stereoscopic video are alternately displayed by scanning the modulated light having mutually orthogonal polarizations. The polarization angle of the right eye and the polarization of the left eye image are transmitted between the image display surface and the observer, and the polarization angles are orthogonal to each other. A polarizing plate having a polarizing plate for the left eye to be transmitted is arranged.

Also, the stereoscopic image display method of the present invention alternately displays an image for the right eye and an image for the left eye corresponding to the parallax for visually recognizing the stereoscopic image by scanning with modulated light having mutually orthogonal polarizations. A right-eye polarizing plate that is disposed between the image display surface and the observer, has polarization angles orthogonal to each other, and transmits the polarized light of the right-eye image. Using a polarizing plate having a polarizing plate for the left eye that transmits the polarized light of the image for the eye, the image for the right eye is observed with the right eye of the observer, and the image for the left eye is observed with the left eye of the observer It is characterized by.

In the stereoscopic image display method of the present invention, the image for the right eye and the image for the left eye corresponding to the parallax for visually recognizing the stereoscopic image are alternately displayed on the image display unit by scanning with modulated light having mutually orthogonal polarizations. Displayed on the image display surface, the polarization angles are orthogonal to each other between the image display surface and the observer, and the right-eye polarizing plate that transmits the polarization of the right-eye image and the polarization of the left-eye image are transmitted. A polarizing plate having a polarizing plate for the left eye is arranged, and the image for the right eye is observed with the right eye of the observer, and the image for the left eye is observed with the left eye of the observer.

  According to the stereoscopic image display device of the present invention, when the right-eye image is reproduced, only the portion corresponding to the scanning position of the one-dimensional modulated light in the right-eye shutter is controlled to be opened, and the frame rate can be increased. Crosstalk can be suppressed.

  According to the three-dimensional image display method of the present invention, the frame rate is increased by controlling only the portion of the right-eye shutter corresponding to the scanning position of the one-dimensional modulated light when the right-eye image is reproduced. However, crosstalk can be suppressed.

According to the stereoscopic image display apparatus of the present invention, the right-eye image and the left-eye image are displayed by scanning one-dimensional modulated light having mutually orthogonal polarizations, so that crosstalk is generated even when the frame rate is increased. Can be suppressed.

According to the stereoscopic image display method of the present invention, the right-eye image and the left-eye image are displayed by scanning one-dimensional modulated light having mutually orthogonal polarizations, so that crosstalk can be achieved even when the frame rate is increased. Can be suppressed.

  Due to the preferable characteristic that crosstalk can be suppressed even when the frame rate is increased, it is possible to increase the frame rate of the stereoscopic video and obtain a stereoscopic video with excellent moving image quality.

  Embodiments of a stereoscopic video display device and a stereoscopic video display method of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of a shutter glasses type stereoscopic image display apparatus according to this embodiment.
For example, the image display unit 1, the time division shutter 2, and the control unit are included.
For example, the image display unit 1 alternately displays a right-eye image and a left-eye image corresponding to parallax for visually recognizing a stereoscopic image on the image display surface by scanning with modulated light. For example, the image light projection system 15 and the screen 16 are provided, and the modulated light projected from the image light projection system 15 is scanned on the screen 16 to display an image. The modulated light is, for example, one-dimensional modulated light obtained by using a grating light valve element as will be described later.
The time-division shutter 2 is, for example, shutter glasses in the form of glasses, and is disposed between the image display surface of the image display unit 1 and the viewer A, and is divided into a plurality of regions so that each region can be opened and closed individually. A right-eye shutter and a left-eye shutter are configured. For example, when the above-described one-dimensional modulated light is used, it is divided into a plurality of slit-like regions along the pattern of the one-dimensional modulated light and can be opened and closed individually for each region.

The control unit is provided, for example, by being connected to the image display unit 1 and the time division shutter 2 by a wireless method or a wired method. In the case of a wireless method, for example, the first control unit 3a connected to the image display unit 1 and the time It has the 2nd control part 3b built in the housing | casing of the division | segmentation shutter 2. As shown in FIG.
The first control unit 3a transmits a synchronization signal synchronized with the image signal displayed on the image display unit 1 by a method such as radio wave transmission, infrared transmission, and wireless LAN, and the second control unit 3b receives the synchronization signal. Thus, the time-division shutter 2 is controlled in synchronization with the synchronization signal.
The control unit including the first control unit 3a, the second control unit 3b, and the like controls, for example, the display on the image display unit and the opening and closing of the time-division shutter to synchronize, and in the time-division shutter, the right-eye image or the left eye Only the portion corresponding to the scanning position of the modulated light in the shutter for the right eye or the shutter for the left eye corresponding to the reproduction of the image for opening is opened.
More specifically, when the right-eye image is reproduced, the portion corresponding to the scanning position of the modulated light in the right-eye shutter is opened, the other portion of the right-eye shutter and the left-eye shutter are closed, and the left-eye shutter is closed. When the image is reproduced, a portion corresponding to the scanning position of the one-dimensional modulated light in the left eye shutter is opened, and the other portion of the left eye shutter and the right eye shutter are closed.

FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of an image display unit of the stereoscopic video display apparatus according to the present embodiment.
The image display unit of the stereoscopic video display apparatus according to the present embodiment uses a one-dimensional modulation light element called a GLV (grating light valve) as described in Patent Document 4 or the like, for example. This is an image display unit that displays a screen by scanning.
In the image display unit using the GLV element of the present embodiment, it is possible to display a video at a high frame rate of, for example, 240 fps or 480 fps or higher.

For example, an image light projection system 15 having a light source 10, an illumination lens 11, a GLV element 12, a projection lens 13, a scanning mirror 14, and a screen 16 are included.
Light from the light source 10 enters the GLV element 12 through the illumination lens 11.

In the GLV element 12, the light from the incident light source 10 is modulated in accordance with the image data input to the GLV element 12, and one-dimensional modulated light corresponding to the image data is obtained.
The operation principle of this GLV type optical diffraction modulation element will be described.
For example, a common electrode made of a polysilicon thin film or the like is formed on a substrate made of silicon or the like, and a strip-like movable ribbon and a non-moving ribbon are alternately arranged at a predetermined distance from the common electrode. Is formed. The movable ribbon is connected to a driving voltage power source, and the non-moving ribbon is set to a fixed potential. The upper surfaces of the movable ribbon and the immovable ribbon are made of a reflective member. The movable ribbon can move in a direction orthogonal to the reflection surface of the reflection film in accordance with the driving voltage, and the height of the reflection surface of the movable ribbon (for example, the distance to the substrate) can be changed. On the other hand, the stationary ribbon is fixed, and the height of the reflecting surface is unchanged.

As described above, when the moving amount of the movable ribbon is λ / 4 with respect to the wavelength λ of the incident light, the 0th-order diffracted light and the ± 1st-order diffracted light reflected in the direction opposite to the incident direction are reflected as diffracted light. Here, for example, only one diffracted light can be imaged on a screen through a spatial filter and used for image display. Here, since the + 1st order diffracted light is not generated during non-operation, this OFF state corresponds to the dark state of the screen, and the display screen becomes black. In addition, by controlling the amount of movement by adjusting the driving voltage to the movable ribbon in accordance with image information from the outside, it is possible to turn on / off the pixels and display the gradation between them.
As described above, by using one diffracted light of the reflected diffracted light, one-dimensionally modulated light can be obtained.

  The obtained one-dimensional modulated light is scanned in the scanning direction DR on the screen 16 by scanning with the scanning mirror 14 through the projection lens 13.

FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram for explaining image display by scanning the one-dimensional modulated light on the screen 16.
For example, the one-dimensional modulated light 17 having a shape long in the y-axis direction is scanned on the screen 16 in the scanning direction DR (x-axis direction). The one-dimensional modulated light 17 is light that has already been modulated in accordance with image data in the y-axis direction, and is scanned in the x-axis direction while being modulated in accordance with the position on the x-axis. Can be reproduced on the screen 16.
The one-dimensional modulated light 17 is, for example, one pixel in the x-axis direction, but may be two pixels or more.

  Although not shown in FIG. 2A, for example, three-dimensional light sources of blue (B), green (G), and red (R) are used to form one-dimensional modulated light of each color. It is also possible to display a color image by combining them and projecting them on a screen with one lens.

The right-eye shutter and the left-eye shutter are, for example, liquid crystal shutters whose light transmittance is changed by liquid crystal.
FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the liquid crystal shutter, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view.
As described above, it is configured to be divided into a plurality of areas and individually openable and closable for each area. However, in this embodiment, for example, the right-eye shutter and the left-eye shutter are each divided into a plurality of areas. It has the structure which has the made electrode.
For example, as shown in FIG. 3B, the common electrode 21 formed on the entire surface between the first polarizing plate 20 and the second polarizing plate 24 and the one-dimensional modulated light pattern as described above. In the shape, a divided electrode 23 divided into a plurality of regions is formed, and a liquid crystal 22 is sealed in a space between them.

For example, the operation of the synchronization signal receiving circuit 30 and the voltage scanning circuit 31 included in the second control unit 3b changes the transmittance of the liquid crystal only in the portion selected by the divided electrode 23, and displays the image display unit. Control the opening and closing of the time-sharing shutter to synchronize.
Thereby, in the time-division shutter, only the portion corresponding to the scanning position of the modulated light in the right-eye shutter or the left-eye shutter corresponding to the reproduction of the right-eye image or the left-eye image is opened. be able to.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the screen 16 and the time division shutter 2.
The time division shutter 2 includes a right eye shutter 2R and a left eye shutter 2L.
With the configuration of the liquid crystal shutter as described above, it can be opened and closed individually for each of a plurality of slit shapes divided along the one-dimensional modulated light pattern.
1-dimensional modulated light is scanned from the drawing on the left side in the scanning direction DR _S to the right, while the open position of the shutter for the right eye 2R and the left-eye shutter 2L is scanned from the drawing on the left to the right in the scanning direction DR _T The
Here, with respect to the scanning start position S0, intermediate point position S1, and end point position S2 on the screen 16 in one frame, the scanning start position R0 on the right-eye shutter 2R, the intermediate point A position R1, an end point position R2, a start position L0 of scanning on the left-eye shutter 2L, an intermediate point position L1, and an end point position L2 are defined.

FIG. 5 is a timing chart for the scanning position of the shutter glasses type stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present embodiment.
Here, for example, it is assumed that odd frames (first frame F1 and third frame F3...) Are left eye images, and even frames (second frame F2 and fourth frames F4...) Are right eye images.
In each frame, one-dimensional scanning position P _S of the modulated light is moved from the position S0 of the start position S1 of the intermediate point, to the position S2 of the end point.
In this case, the position P _L of the opening of the shutter in the shutter for the left eye in odd-numbered frames for displaying an image for the left eye, moves from position L0 of the start of scanning, the position of the intermediate point L1, to a position L2 of the end point . Position P _R of the shutter opening in the right-eye shutter is in an even-numbered frame that displays the right eye image, the position R0 of the start of scanning, the position of the intermediate point R1, moves to the position of the end point R2.

FIG. 6 is a timing chart regarding the transmissivity at each position of the display frame and the time-division shutter of the shutter glasses type stereoscopic image display device according to the present embodiment.
For example, in the image display unit 1, a moving image is displayed at a frame rate of 240 fps (period 4.15 ms). The display frame D shows the timing of the first frame F1, the second frame F2,.
Also, the light for the start position L0, the middle point position L1, the end point position L2, the right eye shutter scan start position R0, the middle point position R1, and the end point position R2 of the left eye shutter. The transmittances T _L0 , T _L1 , T _L2 , T _R0 , T _R1 , and T _R2 are shown.
For example, since it is necessary to transmit light at the start position of the left eye image scan at the start position L0 of the left eye shutter, the start of odd frames such as the first frame F1 and the third frame F3 is started. The transmittance becomes 100% at the position, and before that, the transmittance increases smoothly from 0%, and after that, the transmittance profile decreases to 0%.
At the intermediate point position L1 of the left-eye shutter scanning, the transmittance is at the intermediate point position of the odd frame such as the first frame F1 and the third frame F3, and at the end point position L2 at the end position of the odd frame. The profile is 100% and changes smoothly before and after that. The same applies to the right-eye shutter. At the start position R0 of the right-eye shutter, the transmittance is 100% at the start position of even frames such as the second frame F2 and the fourth frame F4. Then, the transmittance profile increases smoothly from 0% and later decreases to 0%. Further, at the intermediate point position R1 of the right-eye shutter scanning, the intermediate point position of the even frame such as the second frame F2 and the fourth frame F4, and at the end point position R2, the end position of the even frame, respectively. The transmittance is 100%, and the profile changes smoothly before and after that.

Figure 7 is a diagram with respect to the timing chart of transmittance, it showed overlapping the scanning position P _S of the one-dimensional modulated light to form an image at each position of the dividing shutter time shown in FIG.
At the start timing of each frame, the scan position of the one-dimensional modulated light is the scan start position S0 shown in FIG. 5, which is the start position L0 of the left-eye shutter on the time-division shutter and the right-eye scan position. This corresponds to the start position R0 of the shutter scanning.
Here, in the odd-numbered frames such as the first frame F1 and the third frame F3, the left-eye image is reproduced, and the transmittance at the start position L0 of the left-eye shutter is 100%, while the right-eye image is used. The transmittance at the shutter scanning start position R0 is 0%, and the one-dimensional modulated light is incident only on the left eye.
On the other hand, the right-eye image is reproduced in the even frames such as the second frame F2 and the fourth frame F4, and the transmittance at the start position L0 of the left-eye shutter is 0%, while The transmittance at the start position R0 of the ophthalmic shutter is 100%, and the one-dimensional modulated light is incident only on the right eye.
The same applies to other timings such as the midpoint and end of each frame, and the left-eye image is reproduced in odd frames such as the first frame F1 and the third frame F3, and the left-eye shutter at the corresponding position. The transmittance of the right eye shutter at the corresponding position is 0%, and the one-dimensional modulated light is incident only on the left eye. In the even frames such as the second frame F2 and the fourth frame F4, the right-eye image is reproduced, the transmittance of the left-eye shutter at the corresponding position is 0%, and the right-eye shutter at the corresponding position is transmitted. The rate is 100%, and the one-dimensional modulated light is incident only on the right eye.

  As described above, the image for the right eye and the image for the left eye are alternately displayed on the image display surface, and the position of the opening of the time-division shutter is controlled in synchronization so that the frame for the left eye is used for the left eye. The shutter is opened and observed with the left eye of the observer. In the frame of the right eye image, the right eye shutter is opened and observed with the right eye, and a stereoscopic image can be observed.

Here, paying attention to the end point timing of the first frame F1, since the right eye shutter has a transmittance of 100% at the scanning start position R0 in the next second frame F2, the end point of the first frame F1. The transmittance has already increased from 0% at this timing.
However, the scanning position of the one-dimensional modulated light is the right end, which is the end point of the frame, while the scanning start position of the right-eye shutter is the left end. The light at the end point cannot be observed. Therefore, crosstalk does not occur even if the frame rate is increased.

  For the same reason, at the start timing of the second frame, the transmittance does not decrease to 0% at the right end of the left-eye shutter, but the scanning position of the one-dimensional modulated light at this time is the start of the frame. At the left end, no crosstalk occurs.

According to the stereoscopic image display apparatus of the present embodiment, when the right-eye image is reproduced, only the part corresponding to the scanning position of the one-dimensional modulated light in the right-eye shutter is controlled to increase the frame rate. Can also suppress crosstalk.
Further, in the present embodiment, it is possible to display a stereoscopic video with only one image projection system without using two image projection systems.

The stereoscopic video display method according to the present embodiment can be performed as follows using the stereoscopic video display device according to the present embodiment.
For example, a right-eye image and a left-eye image corresponding to parallax for viewing a stereoscopic image are alternately displayed on the image display surface of the image display unit by scanning with modulated light, and the image display surface and the viewer's In a time-division shutter having a right-eye shutter and a left-eye shutter that are arranged in between and divided into a plurality of areas and can be opened and closed individually for each area, display in the image display unit and opening and closing in the time-division shutter So that only the portion corresponding to the scanning position of the modulated light of the right-eye shutter or the left-eye shutter corresponding to the right-eye image or the left-eye shutter is opened. To drive.

For example, as a time-division shutter, a right-eye shutter and a left-eye shutter are liquid crystal shutters whose light transmittance changes with liquid crystal, and a time-division shutter having electrodes divided into a plurality of regions can be used.
Further, for example, an image display unit using a grating light valve element can be used as the image display unit.

  According to the stereoscopic image display method of the present embodiment, only the portion corresponding to the scanning position of the one-dimensional modulated light in the right-eye shutter is opened at the time of reproducing the right-eye image, so that even if the frame rate is increased, cross Talk can be suppressed.

In order to enable video display at a higher frame rate, the area on the screen is divided into a plurality of areas, and an image light projection system is provided for each area. It is also possible to form one image on the entire screen by scanning.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining display of an image by scanning one-dimensional modulated light when the screen is divided into two regions.
For example, it is divided into two regions arranged in the x-axis direction, and two image light projection systems from the light source to the scanning mirror are provided corresponding to each region.

In the two areas (16a, 16b) on the screen 16, the one-dimensional modulated light (17a, 17b) is projected, and each is scanned in the scanning direction DR (x-axis direction). The area 16a corresponds to this area. An image corresponding to this area is displayed in the area 16b. By combining the area 16a and the area 16b, one image can be displayed as a whole.
In addition, a configuration and method for realizing a high frame rate as described in Patent Document 3 can be adopted in this embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, the same effect as described above can be obtained by controlling the position of the time-division shutter so as to open corresponding to a plurality of scanning lights as described above.

Second Embodiment FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of a polarized glasses type stereoscopic image display apparatus according to this embodiment.
For example, the image display unit 1, the polarizing plate 4, and the control unit 3 are included.
For example, the image display unit 1 alternately scans the image for the right eye and the image for the left eye corresponding to the parallax for visually recognizing the stereoscopic video by scanning the modulated light having polarizations orthogonal to each other. Display on the display surface. For example, the image light projection system 15p that modulates the polarization angle and the screen 16 are included, and the modulated light projected from the image light projection system 15p is scanned on the screen 16 to display an image. The modulated light is, for example, one-dimensional modulated light obtained by using a grating light valve element as will be described later.
The polarizing plate 4 is, for example, polarized glasses in the form of glasses, and is disposed between the image display surface of the image display unit 1 and the viewer A. The polarization angles are orthogonal to each other, and the polarization of the right-eye image is changed. A right-eye polarizing plate 4R to be transmitted and a left-eye polarizing plate 4L to transmit the polarized light of the left-eye image are provided.

For example, the control unit 3 is provided by being connected to the image display unit 1 by a wireless method or a wired method, and a portion of the polarization angle modulation plate corresponding to the scanning position of the modulated light emits the modulated light when reproducing the right-eye image. The image display unit and the polarization angle modulation plate are synchronized so as to modulate to the first polarization angle and to modulate the modulated light to the second polarization angle orthogonal to the first polarization angle when reproducing the left-eye image.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a polarized glasses type image display unit according to the present embodiment.
As in the first embodiment, the image light projection system 15 is composed of a light source, an illumination lens, a GLV element, a projection lens, a scanning mirror, and the like, and a polarization angle modulation plate 18 is incorporated via the lens to modulate the polarization angle. An image light projection system 15p is configured, and similarly to the first embodiment, modulated light such as polarized one-dimensional modulated light projected from the image light projection system 15p is scanned on the screen 16 via a lens. An image is displayed. The screen 16 has a characteristic of maintaining the polarization of the projected light.

In the image display unit using the GLV element of the present embodiment, it is possible to display a video at a high frame rate of, for example, 240 fps or 480 fps or higher.
Similarly to the first embodiment, for example, by using three color light sources of blue (B), green (G), and red (R), one-dimensional modulated light of each color light is formed, It is also possible to display a color image by projecting and coupling to a lens and scanning it on a screen with a scanning mirror.

  In the above, the polarization angle modulation plate 18 constituting the image light projection system 15p that modulates the polarization angle is formed of, for example, a liquid crystal element, and can be divided into a plurality of regions and individually modulate the polarization of transmitted light for each region. It is configured. When the above-described one-dimensional modulated light is used, it is divided into a plurality of slit-shaped regions along the pattern of the one-dimensional modulated light, and the polarization of the transmitted light can be individually modulated for each region. It is possible.

FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a polarization angle modulation plate using a liquid crystal element, and FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view.
The polarization angle modulation plate 18 includes, for example, an electrode 183 divided into a plurality of parts so that the polarization angle can be modulated in a region having a shape along a modulation light pattern such as one-dimensional modulation light. A liquid crystal 182 is sealed in a space between the divided electrode 183 and the common electrode 181 formed on the entire surface.
Thereby, it is comprised so that the polarization | polarized-light of the light divided | segmented into a several area | region and permeate | transmitted separately for every area | region can be modulated.

The operation of the synchronization signal receiving circuit 32 and the voltage scanning circuit 33 included in the control unit 3 can modulate the polarization angle of the portion selected by the divided electrode 183, and can control the image display unit and the polarization angle modulation plate. The portion corresponding to the scanning position of the modulated light modulates the modulated light to the first polarization angle when the right eye image is reproduced, and the modulated light is changed to the first polarization angle when the left eye image is reproduced. Modulate to an orthogonal second polarization angle.

FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of a polarization angle modulation plate.
In the polarization angle modulation plate 18, the one-dimensional modulated light by the scanning of the scanning mirror 14 through the projection lens 13, is scanned from a drawing on the left side on the polarization angle modulation plate 18 to the right in the scanning direction DR _X.
Here, in one frame, a scanning start position X0, an intermediate point position X1, and an end point position X2 on the polarization angle modulation plate 18 are set.

FIG. 13 is a timing chart for the scanning position of the polarizing glasses type stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present embodiment.
Here, for example, it is assumed that odd frames (first frame F1 and third frame F3...) Are left eye images, and even frames (second frame F2 and fourth frames F4...) Are right eye images.
In each frame, one-dimensional scanning position P _S of the modulated light is moved from the position S0 of the start position S1 of the intermediate point, to the position S2 of the end point.
At this time, in the odd-numbered frame displaying the left-eye image, the polarization angle modulation plate 18 controls the polarization angle to be 90 degrees. On the other hand, in the even-numbered frame displaying the right-eye image, the polarization angle modulation plate 18. Therefore, the portion corresponding to the scanning position of the one-dimensional modulated light is driven while modulating the polarization angle according to the voltage so that the polarization angle becomes 0 degree. That is, moving in synchronization with the one-dimensional modulated light scanning positions P _S, the position P _X modulation of the polarization angle modulation plate, from the position X0 of the start of scanning, the position of the intermediate point X1, to the position X2 of the end point To do.

FIG. 14 is a timing chart of the polarization angle at the X0, X1, and X2 positions of the display frame of the polarized glasses type stereoscopic image display device according to the present embodiment and the polarization angle modulation plate.
For example, in the image display unit 1, a moving image is displayed at a frame rate of 240 fps (period 4.15 ms). The display frame D shows the timing of the first frame F1, the second frame F2,.
Further, the polarization angles θ _X0 , θ _X1 , and θ _X2 for the scanning start position X0, the intermediate point position X1, and the end point position X2 of the polarization angle modulation plate are shown.
For example, at the scanning start position X0 of the polarization angle modulation plate, it is necessary to set the polarization to 90 degrees at the scanning start position of the image for the left eye, so that the polarization angle becomes 90 degrees at the starting position of the odd frame. Since it is necessary to set the polarization to 0 degree at the start position of scanning of the image for the right eye, the polarization angle becomes 0 degree at the start position of the even frame, and the above 90 degrees and 0 degrees are smoothly connected at other positions. Thus, the polarization angle profile changes.
The same applies to the position X1 of the intermediate point of scanning of the polarization angle modulation plate and the position X2 of the end point.

  When the right-eye image and the left-eye image are alternately displayed on the image display surface as described above, the left-eye image has a polarization angle of 90 degrees and the right-eye image has a polarization angle of 0 degrees. In the left-eye image frame, the right-eye polarizing plate does not pass through the left-eye polarizing plate, and the left-eye polarizing plate passes through the left-eye polarizing plate. The frame does not pass through the polarizing plate for the left eye, passes through the polarizing plate for the right eye, and is observed with the right eye, so that a stereoscopic image can be observed.

Here, in odd frames such as the first frame F1, one-dimensional modulated light having a polarization angle of 90 degrees is projected at any scanning timing, and in even frames such as the second frame, it has a modulation angle of 0 degrees. One-dimensional modulated light is projected.
As described above, the image light of the even frame is an odd frame and the right-eye image is the left-eye image has a respective polarization orthogonal to each other, the left having a polarization angle orthogonal to each other to conform to these Since the polarizing plate for the eye and the polarizing plate for the right eye are used, the image for the left eye does not pass through the polarizing plate for the right eye, and the image for the right eye does not pass through the polarizing plate for the left eye. Does not cause.

According to the stereoscopic image display apparatus of the present embodiment, right-eye images and left-eye images are displayed by scanning modulated light beams having polarized light that are orthogonal to each other, thereby suppressing crosstalk even when the frame rate is increased. can do.
Further, in the present embodiment, it is possible to display a stereoscopic video with only one image projection system without using two image projection systems.

The stereoscopic video display method according to the present embodiment can be performed as follows using the stereoscopic video display device according to the present embodiment.
For example, a right-eye image and a left-eye image corresponding to parallax for visually recognizing a stereoscopic image are alternately displayed on the image display surface of the image display unit by scanning with modulated light having mutually orthogonal polarizations, Between the image display surface and the observer, polarization angles are orthogonal to each other, and a right-eye polarizing plate that transmits the polarized light of the right-eye image and a left-eye polarizing plate that transmits the polarized light of the left-eye image are provided. A polarizing plate is arranged to allow the right eye image to be observed by the observer's right eye and the left eye image to be observed by the observer's left eye.

For example, in the image display unit, a liquid crystal element having an electrode divided into a plurality of regions, and using a polarization angle modulation plate configured to individually modulate the polarization of transmitted light by the liquid crystal for each region, Also, for example, in the polarization angle modulation plate, the image display unit and the polarization angle modulation plate are controlled to be synchronized so that the portion corresponding to the scanning position of the modulated light is at the time of reproducing the right-eye image. The modulation light is modulated to the first polarization angle, and the polarization angle modulation plate is driven so as to modulate the modulation light to the second polarization angle orthogonal to the first polarization angle when reproducing the left-eye image.
Further, for example, an image display unit using a grating light valve element is used as the image display unit.

According to the stereoscopic image display method of the present embodiment, the right-eye image and the left-eye image are displayed by scanning modulated light beams having polarized light that are orthogonal to each other, thereby suppressing crosstalk even when the frame rate is increased. can do.

In order to enable video display at a higher frame rate, the area on the screen is divided into a plurality of areas, and an image light projection system is provided for each area. It is also possible to form one image on the entire screen by scanning.
As in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, in the case of displaying an image by scanning one-dimensional modulated light when the screen is divided into two regions, for example, two regions arranged in the x-axis direction. Two image light projection systems from the light source to the scanning mirror are provided corresponding to each region.

In the two areas (16a, 16b) on the screen 16, the one-dimensional modulated light (17a, 17b) is projected, and each is scanned in the scanning direction DR (x-axis direction). The area 16a corresponds to this area. An image corresponding to this area is displayed in the area 16b. By combining the area 16a and the area 16b, one image can be displayed as a whole.
In addition, a configuration and method for realizing a high frame rate as described in Patent Document 3 can be adopted in this embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, the same effect as described above can be obtained by controlling the position of the drive portion of the polarization angle modulation plate corresponding to a plurality of scanning lights as described above. .

The present invention is not limited to the above description.
For example, the scanning direction is not particularly limited, and may be either the horizontal direction or the vertical direction.
In the first embodiment, the image display unit only needs to be able to display an image for the right eye and an image for the left eye by scanning the modulated light, and scans the one-dimensional modulated light as described above to form an image. In addition to an image display unit using a GLV element, a liquid crystal display unit, a line sequential display unit such as an FED (Field Emission Display), or a point scanning display device such as a CRT (cathode ray tube) may be used. it can. In the case of the above-described point scanning method, the one-dimensional display light obtained by scanning in one direction in the display device unit is handled in the same manner as the above-described one-dimensional modulated light, thereby being applied as the stereoscopic image display device of the present invention. be able to. Further, the division pattern of the time division shutter area may be divided into fine areas such as a matrix.
In addition, as the image display device of the second embodiment, it is necessary that the display light from the display screen has polarization. In addition to the projector-type display device shown in the embodiment, a liquid crystal display device or the like can be used. Can be used.
In the image display device according to the second embodiment, it is necessary that the display light from the display screen has the first polarization angle and the second polarization angle orthogonal to the first polarization angle. The display light may be circularly polarized light instead of linearly polarized light.
Further, the time-division shutter may be a time-division shutter provided in a hole for a right eye and a left eye provided in a wall or an apparatus housing without using a state of glasses.
In addition, various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  The 3D image display apparatus and 3D image display method of the present invention can be applied to a display apparatus and method capable of displaying an image in 3D.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of a shutter glasses type stereoscopic image display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an image display unit of the stereoscopic video display apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is an image obtained by scanning a one-dimensional modulated light on the screen. It is a schematic diagram explaining the display. FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the liquid crystal shutter according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the screen and the time division shutter according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a timing chart of the scanning position of the shutter glasses type stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a timing chart regarding the transmissivity at each position of the display frame and the time-division shutter of the shutter glasses type stereoscopic image display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram in which the scanning positions of light for forming an image are superimposed on the transmittance timing chart shown in FIG. 6 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining image display by scanning with one-dimensional modulated light when the screen is divided into two regions in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a polarized glasses type stereoscopic image display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a polarized glasses type image display unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a polarization angle modulation plate using a liquid crystal element according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view. FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of a polarization angle modulation plate according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a timing chart of the scanning position of the polarized glasses type stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a timing chart of the polarization angles at the respective positions of the display frame and the polarization angle modulation plate of the polarized glasses type stereoscopic image display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15 is a drive timing chart of the shutter glasses type stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the first conventional example. FIG. 16 is a driving timing chart of the shutter glasses type stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the second conventional example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Image display part, 2 ... Time division shutter, 2R ... Right eye shutter, 2L ... Left eye shutter, 3 ... Control part, 3a ... 1st control part, 3b ... 2nd control part, 4 ... Polarizing plate, 4L: Polarizing plate for left eye, 4R: Polarizing plate for right eye, 10 ... Light source, 11 ... Illumination lens, 12 ... GLV element, 13 ... Projection lens, 14 ... Scanning mirror, 15 ... Image light projection system, 15p ... Polarization Image light projection system for angular modulation, 16, 16a, 16b ... screen, 17, 17a, 17b ... one-dimensional modulated light, 18 ... polarization angle modulation plate, 20 ... first polarizing plate, 21 ... common electrode, 22 ... liquid crystal, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 23 ... Dividing electrode, 24 ... 2nd polarizing plate, 30 ... Synchronous signal receiving circuit, 31 ... Voltage scanning circuit, 181 ... Common electrode, 182 ... Liquid crystal, 183 ... Divided electrode, D ... Display frame, B ... Blanking Period, F1-F8 ... Frame, A ... Observation , P S _... scanning position

Claims (8)

An image display unit that alternately displays a right-eye image and a left-eye image corresponding to parallax for visually recognizing a stereoscopic image on an image display surface by scanning with modulated light;
A time-division shutter having a right-eye shutter and a left-eye shutter, which is arranged between the image display surface and the observer, divided into a plurality of regions and configured to be individually openable and closable for each region;
In the time-division shutter, only a portion corresponding to the scanning position of the modulated light in the right-eye shutter or the left-eye shutter corresponding to the right-eye image or the left-eye image is opened. as such, that having a control unit for synchronizing the opening and closing of said time division shutter and the scanning position of the modulated light in the image display unit steric video display device. The stereoscopic image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the right-eye shutter and the left-eye shutter are liquid crystal shutters whose light transmittance is changed by liquid crystal, respectively, and the electrodes are divided into the plurality of regions. The stereoscopic image display device according to claim 1 or 2, the image display section is an image display unit using a grating light valve device. Displaying a right-eye image and a left-eye image corresponding to parallax for viewing a stereoscopic image alternately on the image display surface of the image display unit by scanning with modulated light; and
In the time-division shutter having a right-eye shutter and a left-eye shutter, which are arranged between the image display surface and an observer and divided into a plurality of regions and configured to be individually openable and closable for each region, the image The right-eye shutter or the left-eye corresponding to the reproduction of the right-eye image or the left-eye image is controlled by synchronizing the scanning position of the modulated light on the display unit with the opening and closing of the time-division shutter. steric image display method that have a a step of driving so that the only portions corresponding to the scanning position of the modulated light open of eye shutter. The right-eye shutter and the left-eye shutter are liquid crystal shutters whose light transmittance is changed by liquid crystal as the time-division shutter, and time-division shutters having electrodes divided into the plurality of regions are used. 4. The stereoscopic image display method according to 4. The stereoscopic image display method according to claim 4 , wherein an image display unit using a grating light valve element is used as the image display unit. An image display unit that alternately displays an image for the right eye and an image for the left eye on the image display surface by scanning with modulated light;
A right-eye shutter that is divided into a plurality of areas and configured to be individually openable and closable for each of the areas, and a time-division shutter having a left-eye shutter;
A stereoscopic image display device that scans the opening position of the time-division shutter according to each scanning position of the modulated light. An image display unit that alternately displays an image for the right eye and an image for the left eye on the image display surface by scanning in a line sequential manner;
A right-eye shutter that is divided into a plurality of areas and configured to be individually openable and closable for each of the areas, and a time-division shutter having a left-eye shutter;
A stereoscopic image display device that scans the opening position of the time-division shutter according to each scanning position of the image display unit.

Images