JP5088784B2 - Recovery control device for reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter using pressure sensor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention generally relates to a recovery control technique in a reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter. More specifically, the present invention relates to a recovery control device used for a reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter.

  Plastic is used in a wide variety of fields such as automobiles, home appliances, various devices, containers, and the like, and in modern society, it cannot be realized without plastic. The amount of plastic used continues to increase year by year, and the amount of mixed plastic particles generated is increasing enormously. Under such circumstances, the use of mixed plastic particles is an important issue in forming a recycling society. In order to promote the use of mixed plastic particles as resources, it is necessary to establish a technology for selecting and reusing them as resources, and the need to select mixed plastic particles of different materials is increasing. There are a wide variety of plastic materials, which have the characteristics of low specific gravity and small difference in specific gravity.

  On the other hand, a reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter is known as a machine that selectively recovers high quality coal mainly from raw coal. With reference to FIG. 7, the principle of operation of the reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter will be briefly described. The screened air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter has a sorting chamber in which the substance to be sorted is placed above and a pulsation chamber filled with water located below, and a mesh is placed between the sorting chamber and the pulsation chamber. Has been. An air chamber for entering / exiting air is arranged in the pulsation chamber, and the water level in the sorting chamber can be raised / lowered by raising / lowering the water level in the air chamber by entering / exiting air. . Then, by applying an appropriate water pulsation to the substance placed in the sorting chamber, a layer of substances with specific gravity is formed in the sorting chamber.

  Various techniques for recovering a desired substance using a reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter have been proposed (Patent Documents 1 to 5). For example, a method for detecting and controlling the layer thickness of the recovered material by creating a float that approximates the specific gravity of the recovered material, attaching a shaft above the float, and measuring the height of the shaft that swings up and down ( A shaft oscillation type float sensor) and a method of manually controlling the recovery device by observing the recovered substance are known.

JP-A-64-43355 JP 2000-185241 A JP 2001-220192 A JP 2004-034674 A JP 2004-143575 A

However, the above-described method using the shaft swing type float sensor has the following problems.
(1) When the buoyancy including the shaft weight is required and it is intended to be used for sorting materials with a light specific gravity such as plastic, the float shape becomes too large to accommodate the float in the sorting chamber. Can occur.
(2) Since the weight of the float increases and the inertial force increases, the sensitivity tends to decrease as a reaction.
(3) Since the float shape becomes large, it is extremely difficult to capture small pulsations.
(4) Since the float has a large shape and a large projected area, a large turbulent region is generated around the float, and depending on the type of the substance to be collected, the sorting accuracy may be adversely affected.
In addition, there is a problem that the accuracy of control is not guaranteed in the above-described method that relies on observation of the recovered material.
As described above, it is the actual situation that no satisfactory items can be found in the recovery control technology in the conventional reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter.

  The present invention has been devised in view of such circumstances, and recovery control in a reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter capable of sorting with good accuracy regardless of the type of substance to be collected. The purpose is to provide technology.

  The recovery control device for a reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter according to claim 1 of the present application is a single pressure sensor arranged at a predetermined location in the sorting chamber or a predetermined interval spaced in the vertical direction in the sorting chamber. Provided with a plurality of pressure sensors respectively arranged at locations, and controls the collection of the substance to be sorted based on data acquired in advance for the pressure generated when the pulsation of the sorting medium is applied to the plurality of layer thicknesses of the substance to be sorted. It is comprised so that it may be comprised.

  The recovery control device for a reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter according to claim 2 of the present application is the device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor is configured to discharge a substance to be collected provided in the sorting chamber. It is arranged in the vicinity of the outlet.

  According to the collection control device of the present invention, a desired substance to be collected can be selectively collected from a substance to be sorted with good accuracy. In addition, since the recovery control device of the present invention has a relatively simple structure, the manufacturing cost is low and maintenance is easy.

  Next, with reference to the drawings, a recovery control device for a reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a recovery control device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is used in a reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter 10. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 12 denotes a sorting chamber into which a substance to be sorted (hereinafter referred to as “substance to be sorted”) is charged, 12 a denotes a sorting substance inlet, and 14 denotes a pulsating chamber filled with a sorting medium (for example, water). , 16 is a mesh disposed between the sorting chamber 12 and the pulsation chamber 14, 18 is an ejector for discharging a substance to be collected (hereinafter referred to as "recovered substance"), and 20 is for driving the ejector. Each motor is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (a) showing a cross section of the reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter 10, a discharge port 12 b through which a substance to be collected is discharged is provided at a position adjacent to the lower end of the sorting chamber 12. The ejector 18 is disposed adjacent to the discharge port 12b. As shown in FIG. 2B, the ejector 18 has a configuration in which a plurality of blades 18b (four in FIGS. 1 and 2) are attached to the shaft 18a, and is connected to the shaft 18a. By rotating and driving the motor 20, the blade 18b is rotated, whereby the substance to be collected located in the vicinity of the discharge port 12b is discharged. The ejector 18 itself is a known device.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A, the recovery control device includes two pressure sensors 22a and 22b that are arranged at positions spaced apart in the vertical direction in the sorting chamber 12. Note that generally used pressure sensors 22a and 22b may be used.

  If a substance is present in the sorting chamber at the time of pulsation of the sorting medium (for example, water), a greater pressure is generated as compared with the case where no substance is present. It is used to estimate the layer thickness of the material to be sorted in the sorting chamber based on the pressure detected by the pressure sensor arranged in the sorting chamber, thereby controlling the collection of the material to be sorted. is there. More specifically, the pulsation of the sorting medium is given to each of the plurality of layer thicknesses of the substance to be sorted (specific gravity γ), data is acquired in advance for the pressure generated at that time, and the recovery control work is performed based on the pressure. Is to implement.

  With reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, an example of creating the above data will be described. In the data creation, AP-123 (maximum detection pressure 100 kPa) of Keyence Corporation was used as a pressure sensor, AP-V80 of Keyence Corporation was used as an amplifier, and PRR-5031 of Toa Electric Co., Ltd. was used as a recorder (FIG. 3A). reference). Two pressure sensors (PS1 and PS2) were installed in the sorting chamber of the reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter (the installation location was sorted from the outlet as shown in FIG. 3B). (It is a place 70 mm in the room, where PS1 is the mesh height and PS2 is 50 mm above the mesh). Alumina sphere (diameter 6 mm, specific gravity 2.9) was introduced into the sorting chamber (case 1 has a layer thickness of 120 mm, case 2 has a layer thickness of 140 mm, case 3 has a layer thickness of 160 mm, and case 4 has a layer thickness. The thickness is 180 mm and the case 5 has a layer thickness of 200 mm). In this state, pulsation of the same scale (frequency 22 Hz, wave height 30 mm) was given in each case, and the converted pressure value in each pressure sensor was measured.

  The result is as shown in FIG. That is, the converted pressure values of PS1 and PS2 in case 1 to case 5 are values as shown in FIG. 4B, and when these values are shown in the graph, the converted pressure value increases as the layer thickness increases. It can be seen that it increases almost linearly (see FIG. 4C).

  In order to accurately grasp the boundary surface of the substance to be collected, the pressure sensors 22a and 22b are preferably installed in the vicinity of the ejector 18 as shown in FIG. 2A, for example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It is not something.

  The collection control device also includes a calculation controller 24. The arithmetic controller 24 is connected to the pressure sensors 22 a and 22 b via the cable 26 and is connected to the motor 20 via the cable 28. In the calculation controller 24, the signals sent from the pressure sensors 22a and 22b are converted into control signals based on the existing calculation method (for example, moving average, deviation value, etc.), and this control signal is sent to the motor 20 The motor 20 is driven to rotate. As the arithmetic controller 24, a commonly used one may be used.

Next, recovery control by the reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter recovery control device configured as described above will be described. Substance A is selectively selected from substance X composed of substance A (specific gravity γ _A , indicated by “◯” in FIG. 5) and substance B (specific gravity γ _B <γ _A , indicated by “△” in FIG. 5). Take the case of collection as an example.

  Then, data is acquired in advance for the pressures generated when the pulsation of the sorting medium is applied to the plurality of layer thicknesses of the substances A and B, respectively.

  First, the substance X is introduced into the sorting chamber 12 through the introduction port 12a (see FIG. 5A). Next, a layer of substance A and a layer of substance B are gradually formed in the sorting chamber 12 by raising and lowering the water level in the air chamber by the entry / exit of air to give pulsation of water to the substance X in the sorting chamber. (See FIG. 5 (b)). Next, the pressure at the time of pulsation in the layer of the substance A and the layer of the substance B is detected by the pressure sensors 22a and 22b (see FIG. 5C). Then, a signal is sent from the pressure sensors 22a and 22b to the arithmetic and control unit 24 via the cable 26, and the layer thickness of the substance A is estimated based on the data of the substance A and the substance B acquired in advance. An operation signal is sent from the arithmetic controller 24 to the motor 20 via the cable 28. As a result, the motor 20 is operated to rotate the ejector 18, and the substance A is discharged from the discharge port 22b (see FIG. 5D).

  The substance X is initially in a state in which the substance A and the substance B are mixed (immediately after being introduced into the sorting chamber 12), but the substance A is given a pulsation of water and approaches the discharge port 12b. And substance B are gradually separated and stratified by the difference in specific gravity. In the above example, since the pressure sensors 22a and 22b are installed in the vicinity of the ejector 18, the layer thickness of the substance A (the boundary surface between the substance A and the substance B) in the vicinity of the discharge port 12b can be accurately detected. it can. However, when the pressure sensors 22a and 22b cannot be installed in the vicinity of the ejector 18 due to physical reasons or the like (for example, as shown in FIG. 5E, the float must be installed at the center of the sorting chamber). If not, it is possible to accurately detect the boundary surface between the substance A and the substance B by appropriately correcting the above data.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and these are also included in the scope of the present invention. Needless to say, it is something.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, two pressure sensors are arranged in the sorting chamber. However, the number of pressure sensors may be one, or three or more in a vertically spaced place. May be arranged.

  In the above embodiment, the recovery control device applied to a specific gravity sorter having a single sorting chamber is described. As shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of (three in FIG. 6) sorting are selected. You may apply to the specific gravity control machine with which the chamber was connected in series. In such a specific gravity controller, a plurality of types of substances to be recovered can be continuously recovered.

It is the perspective view which showed typically the collection | recovery control apparatus based on preferable embodiment of this invention used for a reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter. FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of the reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a perspective view of the ejector. It is the figure which showed the apparatus used for producing the example of data regarding the pressure which generate | occur | produces when giving the pulsation of the selection medium about several layer thickness of the to-be-sorted substance. It is the figure which showed the result of the data measured by the apparatus of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating a series of processes of the collection | recovery operation performed using the collection | recovery control apparatus of this invention. It is the figure which showed the example applied to the specific gravity controller with which the some sorter | casing room was connected in series. It is a figure for demonstrating the operating principle of a reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter 12 Sorting chamber 14 Pulsating chamber 16 Mesh 18 Ejector 20 Motor 22a, 22b Pressure sensor 24 Arithmetic controller 26 Cable 28 Cable

Claims (2)

A reticulated air chamber type wet specific gravity sorter comprising a sorting chamber into which a substance to be sorted is charged, a pulsation chamber located below the sorting chamber, and a mesh located between the sorting chamber and the pulsation chamber A recovery control device arranged in
One pressure sensor disposed at a predetermined location in the sorting chamber, or a plurality of pressure sensors respectively disposed at predetermined locations spaced in the vertical direction in the sorting chamber,
An apparatus configured to control recovery of a material to be selected based on data acquired in advance with respect to a pressure generated when a pulsation of a selection medium is applied to a plurality of layer thicknesses of the material to be selected. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor is disposed in the vicinity of a discharge port for discharging a substance to be collected provided in the sorting chamber.

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