JP5083878B2 - Particle flow type desiccant air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a desiccant air conditioner using a hygroscopic porous particle as a medium, and in particular, when dehumidifying indoor air, the flow of particles is reduced so that the pressure loss of air in the duct is reduced and the dehumidification can be performed efficiently. The present invention relates to a type desiccant air conditioner.

  Development of effective utilization technology of low-temperature thermal energy of 800 ° C or less that can be easily obtained by exhaust heat or solar heat in chemical processes is a major problem in modern society, such as reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, heat island phenomenon, fluctuations in summer power demand, etc. This is one of the important issues in addressing environmental conservation issues or energy issues. On the other hand, one of the existing technologies considered to be effective is a desiccant air conditioning system using a desiccant having a high water absorption / desorption property.

  In a desiccant air-conditioning system that has been put to practical use, dehumidification is performed by a large air volume and low pressure loss while holding a dehumidifying agent in a rotor having a honeycomb structure and suppressing pressure loss. However, in a desiccant air conditioner in which solid particles are held in a rotor having such a honeycomb structure and a processing fluid is passed through a honeycomb-shaped fluid passage, the amount of particles retained on the honeycomb surface is limited, and dehumidification and I had to play it at the same time. For this reason, the dehumidifying capacity is limited, and if the exhaust heat supply and the cold demand do not match, the dehumidifying capacity cannot be used efficiently. Therefore, it is difficult to use the low temperature exhaust heat and it is difficult to reduce the size.

  As a countermeasure, the present inventors have proposed a fluidized bed type desiccant air conditioning system as disclosed in, for example, JP-A-2005-30754. In this fluidized bed type desiccant air conditioning system, a high-speed indoor air stream is introduced into the porous particles dried by regeneration in the processing tower, thereby forming a gas transport fluidized bed in which the porous particles are transported into the air stream. The gas carrying fluidized bed desorbs moisture from the porous particles and absorbs moisture. By using such a fluidized bed type particle and air contact device, the processing range of air per unit volume can be greatly expanded, and the gas flow rate, particle circulation rate, etc. By changing the flow conditions or changing the particle size, the contact area and contact time of air and particles can be changed arbitrarily. The processing can be performed in a state where there is little pressure loss.

  However, the whole apparatus is too large to use the above-described fluidized bed contact method for a general air conditioner, and it is difficult to use it as it is. Further, since there is a problem that the pressure loss becomes high and the power cost becomes high when the air volume is large, the present inventors have also proposed a desiccant air conditioner as shown in FIG. 10 as a method of contacting particles and air with less pressure loss. A solid / fluid contact treatment device 110 that can be used is proposed. In this apparatus, a large number of solid particle supply pipes 121 are installed in the container 116, solid particles are supplied from the particle supply tank 117 to the particle supply port 124, flown down in the solid particle supply pipe 121, and from the particle discharge port 125. It discharges to the particle receiving tank 119. The particles in the particle receiving tank 119 are supplied to the particle reprocessing unit 118 via the particle returning line 120, heated and regenerated, and then returned to the particle supplying tank 117 for circulation.

  On the other hand, the container 116 is configured such that air is supplied from the fluid inlet 122 into the container 116 and discharged from the air outlet 123, whereby the particles flowing in the particle supply pipe 121 and the container 116 are flown in the container 116. It is possible to make contact with the flowing fluid. With such a configuration, a particle flow type desiccant air conditioner that performs efficient fluid treatment with low pressure loss can be obtained.

As another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, a large number of particle supply members 132 are arranged with respect to the fluid conduit 131 shown by a rectangular cross section in the drawing, and the particles flow down from above the particle supply member 132. It is also proposed to have such a structure. The particle supply member 132 shown in FIG. 10 is made of a porous member having a rectangular cross section, and its upper part opens to a particle supply port 133 provided outside the wall of the fluid conduit 131, and its lower part is outside the wall of the fluid conduit 131. It opens to the provided particle outlet 134.
Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-30754

  Various methods for contacting the indoor air and the particles in the desiccant air conditioner using adsorbent particles have been proposed as described above, but the particles pass through the container as disclosed in Patent Document 2. In the case where a large number of particle supply pipes are arranged, it is necessary to provide a large number of solid particle supply pipes in a container or duct through which room air flows, resulting in a large resistance to air flow and a pressure loss.

  Further, in the conventional honeycomb rotor type and the conventional particle circulation type desiccant air-conditioner filed by the present inventor, the capacity is insufficient when the outside air is at high temperature and high humidity, or the amount of dehumidification is low at high temperature and low humidity. Therefore, the air conditioning capacity was insufficient, and it was necessary to add a separate cold heat source. In addition, the need to perform adiabatic dehumidification was a cause of insufficient dehumidification capacity. Furthermore, it is necessary to dry the rotor by adiabatic drying for particle regeneration, and the required air volume is enormous and the exhaust power is required to be about the same as the supply air.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, when the indoor air and the adsorbent particles are brought into contact with each other to adsorb moisture in the air and dehumidify it, the air flow can be efficiently dehumidified with little pressure loss without giving a large resistance to the air flow. The main object of the present invention is to provide a particle flow type desiccant air conditioner capable of increasing the dehumidifying capacity and reducing the required power.

  In order to solve the above problems, the particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention promotes the dispersion of particles by the particle circulation type desiccant air conditioner, and also enhances the system performance by reducing the particle circulation power. . In addition, isothermal dehumidification can be performed through the cooling pipe through the dehumidifying section, and further, the amount of air flow during drying is reduced by conducting conductive drying, eliminating the need to use the whole amount of ventilation from the room, and cutting the exhaust power almost. It was also possible. In addition, a counter-current contact method, which was impossible with the rotor method, is also possible so that the particle performance can be maximized.

More specifically, the following configuration is employed for the present invention. That is, the particle flow type desiccant air-conditioning apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a particle storage part in the lower part of the air supply duct for storing dehumidifying agent particles that are brought into contact with the air flow flowing in the air supply duct and adsorb moisture in the air. The dehumidifying agent particles are transported into the air supply duct , and are sprayed downward from the lower side of the air supply duct so as to cross the air flow , and then spontaneously fall in the air supply duct. And a regenerator provided under the air supply duct for recovering and regenerating the sprayed dehumidifying agent particles.

Also, other particles fluidized desiccant air-conditioning apparatus according to the present invention, in the particle flow type desiccant air-conditioning apparatus, said nozzle particle injection, injecting the dehumidifying agent particles with air taken from the particles reservoir outer It is characterized by.

Also, other particles fluidized desiccant air-conditioning apparatus according to the present invention, in the particle flow type desiccant air-conditioning apparatus, characterized in that the particles reservoir before Symbol regenerator and disposed adjacent to said air supply duct lower .

Further, another particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention has a larger flow passage cross-sectional area than the air supply duct, which is disposed downstream of the particle injection position of the air supply duct in the particle flow type desiccant air conditioner. , a particle processing unit for recovering the injected the dehumidifying agent particles, a filter for removing fine particles scattered by the particles processing unit, and reproducing by introducing removal humectant particles of the particle processing unit, the particle reservoir And a regenerator for conveying.

Further, another particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention is the particle flow type desiccant air conditioner, wherein the air supply duct portion at the particle injection position includes a horizontal duct and the lower part of the horizontal duct. It is a connection part with the inclined duct which reaches a particle processing part, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

Further, in another particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention, in the particle flow type desiccant air conditioner, the particle injection position is a vertical duct, and the dehumidifying agent particles are injected facing the descending air flow. It is characterized by comprising a nozzle for particle injection.

Also, other particles fluidized desiccant air-conditioning apparatus according to the present invention, the cooling and in the grain flow-type desiccant air-conditioning apparatus, introducing the dehumidifying agent particles were round Carabid by cold generated in the evaporation chamber of a steam adsorption by the particles comprising a suction type refrigerator that produces water, you and supplying a cold heat obtained by the adsorption refrigerating machine to the outside.

Further, another particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention is the particle flow type desiccant air conditioner, wherein the cooling water by the cold heat obtained by the adsorption refrigeration machine is used for the dehumidified air in the air supply duct. It supplies to the heat exchanger for dehumidification air cooling to cool.

Further, another particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention is the particle flow type desiccant air conditioner, wherein a condenser is provided in a regenerator for regenerating dehumidifying agent particles from the adsorption refrigeration machine, and the condenser The condensed water obtained in (1) is used as evaporation water for the adsorption refrigerator.

Further, in another particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention, in the particle flow type desiccant air conditioner, the air supply duct is disposed so that an internal air flow introduced from the side flows upward from below. as well as, and upward injected dehumidifying agent particles transported in the lower part of the particle reservoir or found before Symbol air supply duct for storing the dehumidifying agent particles, and the nozzle particle jetting to spray upward by prior Symbol airflow The air supply duct is supplied with upward air slower than the terminal velocity at which the dehumidifying agent particles move at the upper end of the duct, and the dehumidifying agent particles are injected upward into the air supply duct by the injection nozzle. after, by particles drops with a free-falling, characterized in that to countercurrent contacting the dehumidifying agent particles and air flow.

In addition, another particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention is characterized in that in the particle flow type desiccant air conditioner, a particle dispersion member for dispersing dehumidifying agent particles descending into the air supply duct is provided. .

Also, other particles fluidized desiccant air-conditioning apparatus according to the present invention, the in particles fluidized desiccant air-conditioning apparatus, the contact portion between the air flow of the air supply the air supply duct and spraying the dehumidifying agent particles into the duct A heat exchanger for cooling the dehumidified air is provided to enable isothermal dehumidification operation.

  Further, another particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention is the particle flow type desiccant air conditioner, wherein the regenerator is provided with a regeneration air flow supply unit from a blower and conduction heating means, It is possible to reduce the air volume for regeneration.

Further, another particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention, in the particle flow type desiccant air conditioner, a humidifier and a heat exchanger are sequentially provided at the outlet of the indoor exhaust,
Cooling water cooled by exhaust air in the heat exchanger for cooling the dehumidified air is supplied from a heat exchanger that cools any of the air supply, dehumidifying unit, and dry particles, or a cooling tower that supplies cooling water to the heat exchanger. The cooling water is supplied to a heat exchanger that cools the cooling water.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, when the indoor air and the adsorbent particles are brought into contact with each other to adsorb moisture in the air and dehumidify it, the airflow is not greatly given, and the pressure loss is effectively reduced. It can be set as the particle flow type desiccant air conditioner which can dehumidify. In addition, the system performance can be enhanced by promoting particle dispersion and reducing particle circulation power. In addition, isothermal dehumidification can be performed through the cooling pipe through the dehumidifying section, and further, the amount of air flow during drying is reduced by conducting conductive drying, eliminating the need to use the whole amount of ventilation from the room, and cutting the exhaust power almost. It was also possible. In addition, a counter-current contact method, which was impossible with the rotor method, is also possible so that the particle performance can be maximized.

  In the particle circulation type desiccant air-conditioning system, the present invention has a problem of efficiently dehumidifying without bringing a large resistance to the air flow when the indoor air and the adsorbent particles are contacted to adsorb moisture in the air and dehumidify it. , Storing the dehumidifying agent particles for moisture adsorption of the air in the duct, a particle storage part provided in the lower part of the duct, a particle transport device for transporting the particles in the particle storage part into the duct and spraying the particles upward, and the dispersed particles This is realized by providing a regenerator provided at the bottom of the duct.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of a particle circulation type desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention. In the example of FIG. 1 (a), particles conveyed upward from below the duct by various particle conveying devices as described below between the air intake port 2 and the dehumidified air outlet 3 of the air supply duct 1, A dehumidifying unit 4 that adsorbs moisture in the air that flows from above the duct and flows through the duct is disposed. When the particles fall freely in the dehumidifying section 4, a finely permeable partition wall 13 such as a wire mesh is used as necessary so that the fine particles are not supplied to the room on the air flow and are not scattered to the other. Surrounding is preferred.

  In the example shown in FIG. 1, a particle supply unit 5 is provided below the air supply duct 1, and a lower end is inserted into a particle storage part in the particle supply unit 5. And the particle ejection nozzle 6 is arranged in the dehumidifying part 4 in the air supply duct 1 so as to open upward in the upstream of the duct. The lower surface of the particle supply unit 5 is air permeable to the outside by a breathable member such as a mesh, and by driving a blower, the particles of the particle supply unit 5 are fluidized, and the lower particles are sucked together with the air from the outside. In the dehumidifying part 4 of the supply duct 1, the air is jetted upward facing the air flow in the duct.

  The particles ejected from the lower side to the upper side in the dehumidifying unit 4 and facing the air flow are in the duct while being in contact with an air flow having a low flow velocity because the cross-sectional area of the dehumidifying unit 4 in the air supply duct 1 is large. Fall naturally. In the process, the air taken into the air supply duct 1 is dehumidified, and the dehumidified particles fall on the lower surface in the air supply duct 1. The fallen particles fall from the opening 8 into the hygroscopic particle storage unit 10 in the particle processing unit 9 provided adjacent to the lower part of the air supply duct 1. When the partition between the particle supply unit 5 and the air supply duct 1 is eliminated, one part of the particles returns to the particle supply unit 5 again and is used several times for dehumidification and then moves to the particle processing unit 9.

  The particle processing unit 9 is divided into four parts as shown in the plan view of FIG. 1A as a partial cross section AA in FIG. 1A, and the particles that have fallen and stored in the hygroscopic particle storage unit 10 are then adjacent to each other. It is sent to the regenerator 11, and the moisture adsorbed by the external heating is released and regenerated, and stored in the adjacent dry particle storage unit 12. The stored dry particles are sent to a particle supply chamber 15 as a particle supply unit provided with a particle jet nozzle 16, and are sent to the dehumidifying unit 4 of the air supply duct 1 by the particle jet nozzle 16 as described above and used in a circulating manner. The

  In the apparatus as described above, the dry particles are blown up to the upper side of the duct by the particle ejection nozzle 6 as the particle conveying device from the hygroscopic particle reservoir 10 disposed below the duct, and then freely dropped, thereby allowing The air flow can contact and dehumidify the entire particle surface without being subjected to great resistance. In addition, the particle supply unit 6, the hygroscopic particle storage unit 5, the regenerator 11, and the dry particle storage unit 12 can all be arranged below the duct, so that the overall structure can be made compact and the particles can be moved. It is also possible to reduce the size of the device.

  In the above embodiment, the particles stored in the hygroscopic particle storage section 10 are sent to the regenerator 11 as they are to be regenerated. However, as described above, the particles that freely fall in the duct adsorb moisture in the air. Since the rate is relatively small and is about several% to 20%, there is still sufficient adsorption capacity for moisture. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the adsorption refrigeration machine 17 arranged in the position of the moisture-absorbing particle reservoir 10 in the above-described embodiment is arranged, and the moisture adsorption ability of the particles having sufficient adsorption capacity is utilized. To do.

  As the adsorption refrigerator 17, various well-known ones using an evaporator and a condenser can be used. For example, the water vapor generated by adsorbing water vapor in the container by the adsorbent particles supplied into the container is used. Therefore, it is possible to use an adsorption refrigerator that acts to cool the water evaporation portion due to the evaporation promoting effect. Therefore, in this embodiment as well, using this action, an evaporation heat exchanger 18 is provided in the evaporator of the adsorption refrigeration machine 17 so that the water flowing inside can be cooled, and the obtained cooling water can be supplied elsewhere. Yes.

  In the illustrated embodiment, the cooling water is circulated between the dehumidified air cooling heat exchanger 20 provided on the dehumidified air outlet 3 side of the air supply duct 1. Thereby, after adsorbing moisture in the air as described above, water vapor in the evaporator internal space of the adsorption refrigeration machine 17 is adsorbed by particles that still have moisture adsorption capacity, and evaporation that acts as an evaporative cooler. The water around the heat exchanger 18 is evaporated. At this time, the water flowing in the evaporation heat exchanger 18 is cooled and supplied to the heat exchanger 20 for cooling the dehumidified air. As a result, the air supplied to the room in the air supply duct 1 is cooled to reduce the cooling load. The cooling water whose air has been cooled by the heat exchanger 20 for cooling the dehumidified air is returned to the evaporation heat exchanger 18 of the adsorption refrigeration machine 17 and circulated again.

  By constructing such a system for utilizing the capacity for adsorption of moisture-adsorbing particles, cooling water is supplied by using the particles still having sufficient moisture-absorbing capacity after dehumidifying the air in the duct for water vapor adsorption of the adsorption refrigerator. The cooling water can be used for cooling dehumidified air, the air supplied to the room can be cooled, and an efficient air conditioner can be obtained. In particular, in this desiccant air conditioner, after the moisture in the duct is adsorbed by the particles, the temperature rises due to the heat of adsorption. Therefore, it is preferable to cool the air. Provide downstream of the air flow.

  In the adsorption refrigeration machine 17, in particular, the water around the evaporation heat exchanger 18 is sufficiently adsorbed, and the particles having almost no water adsorption capacity are supplied to the adjacent particle regenerator 11. If necessary, the particle regenerator 11 is provided with a heater that uses waste heat that is no longer necessary in the external system, and the adsorbed moisture is released by raising the temperature of the particles to regenerate the adsorption capacity of the particles. . The moisture released in this way is condensed by a condenser as appropriate, and the condensed water is returned to the evaporation heat exchanger 18 and used as the moisture for adsorption by the particles having the above-mentioned adsorption capacity. As a cooling heat source for the condenser 18, a part of the cooling water obtained by the evaporation heat exchanger 18 can be used.

Furthermore, since the temperature of the particles that have adsorbed moisture in the adsorption refrigerator 17 rises, the portion where the particles are stored becomes high temperature. Therefore, a heat exchanger through which the fluid flows is provided in that part, and the heat of the particles is removed to improve the adsorption efficiency, and the fluid whose temperature has been raised is led to the heat exchanger in the particle regenerator 11 to be circulated, It can also be used as a heat source for heating particles in the particle regenerator 11. In particular, when the adsorption refrigerator 17 and the particle regenerator 11 can be arranged close to each other as shown in the drawing, the heat generated by moisture adsorption in the adsorption refrigerator 12 can be used as heat for regeneration in the particle regenerator 11 as it is. It can be a simple and efficient device.

Further, the adsorption capacity by the particles in the hygroscopic section 4 is higher when the temperature of the particles is lower. Therefore, dry particles that have become hot due to regeneration are cooled by cooling water from low-temperature indoor air or a cooling tower (not shown). The regenerated particle cooling heat exchanger 21 to be cooled may be cooled by exchanging heat with room air or cooling water and supplied to the dry particle storage unit 12.

  In the adsorption refrigerator 17, when the first shutter pair 15 and the second shutter pair 16 as shown in the figure are provided, they act as a lock hopper, and a vacuum pump (not shown) is operated with both shutters closed. To reduce the internal pressure. As a result, the evaporation heat exchanger 18 is evaporated at a low pressure, so that the evaporation capability is high, low-temperature cooling water can be generated, and the air conditioner can be cooled effectively. After performing this action, the operation of opening the lock hopper and filling and discharging particles again in the adsorption refrigerator 17 is repeated.

  In this embodiment, after dehumidifying the air supply duct in a state of low resistance to the air flow due to natural fall in the air supply duct, the cooling water is generated by using the particles still having moisture adsorption capacity in the adsorption refrigerator. Since the cooling water is used to cool the air after dehumidification, and then the particles are regenerated and circulated, it is possible to provide a desiccant air conditioner that is efficient as a whole in addition to the effects of the above-described embodiment. , Has the effect.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an example in which the particle ejection nozzle 6 is provided when the dried particles from the particle supply unit 5 are conveyed above the dehumidifying unit 4 in the air supply duct 1 is shown. As shown in FIG. 3, a particle injection rotating wheel 23 that injects the particles of the particle supply unit 5 to the upper part of the air supply duct 1 with stirring blades may be used.

  When using such a particle ejection rotary wheel 23, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the space below the particle supply unit 5 is closed, and the particles supplied to the particle supply unit 5 and positioned below are used as the space. Further, it is possible to make it jump upward by a rotating impeller and eject it upward in the duct. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the bottom of the particle supply section 5 is formed in a mesh shape in the same manner as in the embodiment of FIGS. In addition, when the air inside is also ejected, air may be supplied from the air circulation opening 24. Also in this embodiment, the particle regeneration unit as in the first embodiment can be set as an adjacent system, and similarly to the second embodiment, it can be set as a system combined with an adsorption type refrigerator.

  In the said Example, although the example provided with the means to inject or eject a particle was shown as a particle conveying apparatus which conveys a particle to the upper part in a duct from the particle supply part provided in the duct lower part, for example in FIG. As shown in the figure, a packet bottom plate 26 provided with a number of tapered nozzle-like openings 25 is used, and a large number of packet bottom plates 26 are arranged radially from a central rotating wheel 27. A packet-like packet end plate 28 is provided on the outer periphery of each packet bottom plate 26, thereby forming a packet 29.

  When the rotating wheel 27 is rotated from the outside counterclockwise in the figure to rotate the packet 29 as described above, the packet 29 is stored in the particle supply unit 5 when the packet 29 is located at the lowermost position in FIG. The packet 29 enters the inside of the particles that have been placed, and the particles are scraped into the packet 29. Thereafter, when the packet 29 is rotated, it moves to the positions (b) and (c), and during that time, the particles in the packet hardly fall from the nozzle 25 because the nozzle 25 is tapered at an appropriate size. Lifted up.

  Thereafter, in the vicinity of the position (d), the particles in the packet 29 move to the rotating wheel 27 side due to the inclination of the packet bottom plate 26, and further, in the position (e), the particles in the packet 29 move between the adjacent packet bottom plates 26. Move to the 27th side. After that, the particles in the packet 29 are dropped and held on the back side of the preceding packet bottom plate 26, and the particles freely fall downward from the nozzle 25 because the nozzle 25 formed in the dropped packet bottom plate 26 has a large opening. While moving to the position (f).

  When the rotating wheel 27 further rotates, the packet bottom plate 26 is inverted from the position (c) at the position (g), and the free fall downward from the nozzle 25 continues as described above. At that time, a part of the particles dropped from the nozzle 25 falls to the back side of the preceding packet bottom plate 26, while many particles fall into the moisture absorbing particle storage unit 10 disposed below. In this embodiment, by repeating the above-described operation using a packet-type transport device, the dry particles in the particle supply unit arranged below the duct are supplied to the upper part of the duct by the particle transport device, and are freely dropped. Thus, the humidity in the air can be adsorbed in a state where the resistance to the air flowing in the duct is small. Also in this embodiment, a system combined with an adsorption refrigerator can be used as in the second embodiment.

  The particle transport apparatus using packets as in the above embodiment can also be implemented by the apparatus shown in FIG. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a pair of pulleys comprising an upper rotating wheel 30 located above the air supply duct 1 and a lower rotating wheel 31 located below is provided on both sides inside the duct or both sides outside the duct. The belt 32 is hung on the pulleys on both sides, and both ends of the V-shaped packet 33 made of a porous body such as a net are supported by the belt 32.

  By closing both sides of the packet 33 with end plates to form a packet 33 having a triangular cross section, the belt 32 is driven by driving one of the rotating wheels from the outside, and the packet 33 is rotated counterclockwise in the figure. Then, in the state of FIG. 5A, the packet plate 33 is positioned at the lowest position, and the whole enters the stored particles in the particle supply unit 5, and the particles are scraped into the packet as the belt moves. Thereafter, along with the rotational movement of the belt 32, as shown in (b) to (e) in the figure, the particles 32 are conveyed upward in the duct 1 with the particles held therein. Thereafter, when approaching the position (f), for example, the packet plate 33 gradually rises when rotating around the upper rotating wheel 30, and the particles in the packet are discharged from the inside of the packet to the back side of the preceding packet plate.

  After that, when the belt 32 further rotates to the position (f) and further approaches the position (g), most of the particles in the packet are discharged from the packet and guided to the slope of the preceding packet plate 33. , Fall naturally down the duct. When the belt 32 further rotates in such a state, all particles in the packet fall during (h), (i), and (j). The particles that freely fall in the duct in this way are stored in the moisture-absorbing particle reservoir 10 disposed below the duct. Also in the embodiment using such a packet-type transport device, the particle regeneration unit as in the first embodiment can be used as an adjacent system, and it is combined with an adsorption refrigerator as in the second embodiment. It can be a system.

  In the above embodiment, the dry air exiting the dehumidifying unit 4 is supplied to the room as it is from 3, but the gas flow rate in the dehumidifying unit for preventing the scattering of fine particles is set to 0.2-0 in order to reduce the pressure loss of the filter. It was necessary to suppress to about 4 m / s. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the restriction of the gas flow rate is made gentle by changing the flow path upward in the particle processing section.

  In the example shown in FIG. 6, the particle supply unit 5 is provided below the air supply duct 1, and the air injection nozzle from the high-pressure blower 7 is added to the particle injection nozzle 6 having the lower end inserted into the particle storage part in the particle supply unit 5. And the particle ejection nozzle 6 is arranged in the dehumidifying part 4 in the air supply duct 1 so as to open upward in the upstream of the duct. The lower surface of the particle supply unit 5 can be air circulated to the outside by a breathable member such as a net, etc., the particles in the particle supply unit 5 are fluidized by driving a blower, and the lower particles are pushed together with air from the outside to supply air In the dehumidification part 4 of the duct 1, it injects upward so that the air flow in a duct may be crossed.

The particles ejected from the lower side to the upper side in the dehumidifying unit 4 so as to cross the air flow move to the solid-gas separation tower 41 while moving the air supply ducts 1, 1 ′. The solid gas separation tower 41 has a large cross-sectional area and falls to the particle processing unit 42. The fine particles are separated by the bag filter 43 provided at the upper part, but the rising flow velocity near the bag filter 43 becomes 0 by the inner tower 44 installed at the upper part and falls to the nine particle processing unit 42. The cross-sectional area is increased so that the rising velocity inside the air supply duct 1 ′ by the air flow does not exceed the terminal velocity of the dehumidifying particles. Here, if the treatment air volume is 1 m ³ / s and the diameter is 0.3 to 0.5 mm silica gel particles used in the dehumidification test, the cross-sectional area in the solid-gas separation tower 41 is 2 m ^{2 and} the increase is 0.5 m / s. By making it a flow rate, it can be made below the terminal speed of a dehumidification particle. The bag filter has a diameter of 1.4 m, and when the height is 1 m, the passing speed can be suppressed to 0.2 m / s or less. In the process, the air taken into the air supply duct 1 is dehumidified, and the dehumidified particles fall into the solid-gas separation tower 41. The dropped particles move to the regeneration tower 45 while descending the particle processing unit 42, and are heated and dried / regenerated here. Thereafter, the heat is removed by a cooling coil (not shown) through the connection pipe 46 connected by P-P and moved to the particle supply unit 5.

  In the example shown in FIG. 6, the air supply from the high-pressure blower 7 is ejected to the particle ejection nozzle 6 in which the particle supply unit 5 is provided below the air supply duct 1 and the lower end is inserted into the particle storage part in the particle supply unit 5. An example is shown in which a nozzle is provided and the particle ejection nozzle 6 is disposed so as to open upward in the dehumidifying section 4 in the air supply duct 1 toward the upstream side of the duct. You may arrange | position the air supply duct 1 so that air may flow from the upper direction in the figure facing the particle ejection nozzle 6 extended. Thereby, the mixing property of particle | grains and air improves.

  FIG. 8 shows an example implemented in still another aspect of the sixth embodiment. In the example shown in FIG. 8, an inclined guide wall 51 is provided at the lower part of the solid-gas separation tower 41, and a first drawing wall 53 extending toward the flow air supply unit 52 is provided at the lower part of the guide wall 51. At the same time, a second drawing wall 54 is provided in parallel therewith, and particles that have been guided to the guide wall 51 and dropped to the flow air supply unit 52 are used by using a part of the supply air from the flow air supply unit 52. The particles are moved up to the particle moving portion 55 side by being raised at the passage portion between the first drawing wall 53 and the second drawing wall 54. At this time, the air rising between the first drawing wall 53 and the second drawing wall 54 is discharged from the upper opening 56. By using such a guide wall 51, the particles separated from the air flow in the solid-gas separation tower 41 can be smoothly moved to the regeneration tower 45 side.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the duct 61 is arranged vertically, and an enlarged portion 62 having a cross-sectional area larger than that of the duct 61 is provided at the upper portion thereof, and the inside of the enlarged portion 62 has a bottomed cylindrical shape on the outermost side. A filter 63 is provided, and a cylindrical partition wall 64 that forms a particle recovery portion 68 is provided below the inside thereof. An air introduction portion 65 is provided at the lower end of the duct 61, and an air discharge port 60 is provided at the upper end portion of the enlarged portion 62. Below the duct 61, a particle ejection nozzle 67 that supplies particles in the particle storage tank 66 horizontally to the duct 61 is disposed. The particle ejection nozzle 67 ejects particles from the particle storage tank 67 into the duct by high-pressure air from the outside as in the above embodiments, and the particles injected into the duct 61 are supplied from the air introduction unit 65. It rises by the air flow. In this embodiment, the particles are transported by transporting the particles in the duct by the particle ejection nozzle 67 for spraying the particles horizontally, and moving and dispersing the particles in the duct by air.

  The dehumidifying agent particles ejected from the particle ejection nozzle 67 adsorb moisture in the air while being transported upward by the air flow, and the increase of the particles is almost eliminated by decreasing the air flow velocity in the upper enlarged portion 62. Thus, the particles separated from the air flow are collected by the particle collecting unit 68 between the partition wall 64 and the filter. The particles recovered here fall into a regenerator 69 disposed below the regenerator 69, and the regenerator regenerates by an external air flow and conduction heating means 70, and the regenerated particles fall into a particle storage tank 66 disposed below the regenerator. The particles are all circulated by gravity, and the particle circulation power is unnecessary. In addition, you may arrange | position a regenerator etc. in another aspect as needed, In that case, the other small conveying apparatus for particle circulation can also be used.

  In the example shown in FIG. 9, a dehumidifying part cooler 72 is provided in the dehumidifying part 71 that adsorbs moisture in the air by particles ejected into the duct 61 as described above, and cooling water from a separately provided cooling tower, Cool with cooling water from vapor compression refrigerators, absorption refrigerators, adsorption refrigerators, etc. Thereby, it is possible to perform isothermal dehumidification in this dehumidifying section, and to perform more efficient dehumidification as compared with adiabatic dehumidification. Further, in the illustrated example, a cooler 73 is also provided inside the enlarged portion 62, and an example is shown in which efficient dehumidification can be performed at the time of dehumidification performed in this portion.

  FIG. 10 shows an example in which a duct 61 and an enlarged portion 62 are provided in the upper part thereof as in the embodiment of FIG. 9. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, a particle storage tank 75 is arranged in the lower part of the duct 61. In addition to providing the inclined partition wall 76 in the upper part, a plurality of particle ejection nozzles 77 extending upward from the particle storage tank 75 through the inclined partition wall 76 are provided, and by the high-pressure air introduced from the lower part of the particle ejection nozzle 77, The particles in the particle storage tank 75 can be ejected into the duct 61. An air introduction part 78 is provided above the inclined partition wall 76 at the side part of the duct 61 to supply air such as room air. The air flow supplied at this time is adjusted so as to have an upward air velocity that is slower than the terminal velocity of the adsorbent particles, so that the particles ejected from the particle ejection nozzle 77 can fall freely in the air flow.

  As a result, the particles ejected from the particle ejection nozzle 77 fall freely in the duct, fall on the lower inclined partition wall 76, and are collected. The particles are sent to the regenerator 78, and the regenerated particles are stored in the particle storage tank 75. Sent to. The regenerator 78 is also supplied with particles recovered by the particle recovery unit 68 of the enlargement unit 62 so that all particles can be circulated.

  In this embodiment, when the particles ejected into the duct from the particle ejection nozzle 77 fall free by the slow air flow flowing in the duct, they are in contact with the air flow from below and adsorb moisture. At this time, as a result of performing dehumidification processing by contacting with air flowing upward from below, countercurrent dehumidification can be performed and efficient dehumidification can be performed. In the illustrated example, a dehumidifying section cooler 72 is provided in the dehumidifying section that performs this counter-current dehumidification in the same manner as in the previous embodiment, so that the same isothermal dehumidifying action as described above can be performed.

  As shown in FIG. 10B, for example, as shown in FIG. 10B, when the particles ejected from the particle ejection nozzle 77 descend in the duct, the particles flow efficiently. Dispersion plates 79 that promote the redispersion of the descending adsorbent particles may be alternately provided around the periphery. The particles descending by the dispersion plate 79 are dispersed in the duct, and the solid-air contact with the rising air flow flowing at low speed is efficiently performed. The dispersion plate 79 can be implemented in various forms other than the umbrella type as shown.

  FIG. 11 shows an example of an air conditioner having substantially the same configuration as that of the embodiment of FIG. 1, but in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the particle jet nozzle 6 injects into the duct 1 and descends. In this example, the lower part of the particle collecting unit 81 that collects the collected particles is used as a regenerator 82, and the particles regenerated by the regenerator 82 are supplied to the particle storage tank 83. The regenerator 82 regenerates particles by introducing air from a pipe 84 for introducing a part of the dehumidified air or an exhaust fan 86 in the room 85 to which the dehumidified air is supplied. In particular, the regenerator 82 is provided with a conductive heater 87 to regenerate the particles by using external waste heat or heating the particles by heat conduction with an electric heater or the like.

  By using such conductive heating means, the necessary air volume for particle regeneration is reduced, and only a part of the supply air after dehumidification as the regeneration air or a part of the return air from the room as the target space is used. It can be used, and the power consumption of the exhaust fan, which was required as much as that of the air supply blower, can be cut almost. Note that exhaust from the room here can be performed using a low power consumption exhaust fan such as natural exhaust or a ventilation fan.

  FIG. 12 shows still another example. In the illustrated example, a water sprayer 91 and a heat exchanger 92 are arranged in order in the exhaust duct 90 through which the exhaust from the room 85 flows. Then, the water in the heat exchanger 92 is cooled by the air that is still cooled by spraying water on the indoor air that has been cooled, and the cooling water is cooled from the cooling tower 94 in the example shown in the figure. It is further cooled with.

  In the example shown in FIG. 12, the cooling water of the cooling tower 94 is supplied to the dehumidifying part cooler 95 provided in the dehumidifying part 4 to enable the isothermal dehumidification as described above, and the supply air cooler 95 cools the supply air. So that efficient dehumidification can be performed at low temperatures. The efficiency can be further improved by further lowering the cooling water of the cooling tower by the heat exchanger 93 as described above. In addition, when a low pressure loss heat exchanger such as a fin plate or a heat pipe is used as the heat exchanger 92, the efficiency can be further improved.

FIG. 13 shows a graph of test results obtained by dehumidifying the supply air by the method of injecting particles as shown in Examples 1 and 2. In the figure, Td is the temperature in the dehumidifying section, φd is the humidity change in the dehumidifying section, Tout is the temperature at the outlet, and φout is the humidity change at the outlet, and represents the respective time courses. Among these, the actual dehumidification test section is the range shown in the figure. From this test result, the humidity of about 60-65% has dropped to about 25%. Although the blowing gas may be low in humidity, dehumidification is more advanced than that (the effect of the blowing gas is equivalent to a decrease of several percent). The wind speed in the dehumidifying section is about 0.2 m / s and is almost for home use (corresponding to the wind speed when 180 m ³ / h).

  In FIG. 14, a nozzle b is inserted into a particle reservoir a to form a particle jet c, and an air inlet e is provided on the lower surface of the chamber d. From the particle blowing height Hf and the particle layer surface, The result of the test performed in order to see the relationship between the particle layer height Hp as the distance to the nozzle lower end and the relationship between the blowing amount G and the particle layer height Hp is shown. From this graph, it can be seen that although the particle blowing height Hf depends on the particle layer height, the amount of blowing increases in proportion to the particle layer height. This also shows that the blowing power can be reduced in a system having a high particle layer height.

It is a schematic diagram of the 1st example of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram of 2nd Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of 3rd Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of 4th Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of 5th Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of 6th Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of 7th Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of 8th Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of 9th Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of 10th Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of 11th Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of 12th Example of this invention. It is a graph which shows the test result of this invention. It is a graph which shows the other test result of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows a prior art example. It is a schematic diagram which shows another prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air supply duct 2 Air intake port 3 Dehumidification air outlet 4 Dehumidification part 5 Particle supply part 6 Particle ejection nozzle 7 High pressure blower 8 Opening 10 Hygroscopic particle storage part 11 Regenerator 12 Dry particle storage part 13 Partition

Claims (14)

A particle reservoir for storing dehumidifying agent particles that are in contact with the airflow flowing in the air supply duct and adsorb moisture in the air is provided at the lower part of the air supply duct,
The dehumidifying agent particles are transported into the air supply duct , and are sprayed downward from the lower side of the air supply duct so as to cross the air flow , and then naturally drop in the air supply duct. A particle injection nozzle;
A particle flow type desiccant air conditioner comprising: a regenerator provided at a lower portion of the air supply duct for recovering and regenerating the injected dehumidifying agent particles.   The particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the particle injection nozzle injects the dehumidifying agent particles together with air taken from outside the particle reservoir.   2. The particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the particle reservoir and the regenerator are disposed adjacent to a lower portion of the air supply duct. A particle processing unit disposed downstream of the particle injection position of the air supply duct, having a larger flow path cross-sectional area than the air supply duct, and collecting the injected dehumidifying agent particles;
A filter for removing fine particles scattered in the particle processing unit;
The particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to claim 1, further comprising a regenerator that introduces and regenerates dehumidifying agent particles of the particle processing unit and conveys the dehumidifying agent particles to the particle storage unit.   The particle according to claim 4, wherein the air supply duct portion at the particle injection position is a connecting portion between a horizontal duct and an inclined duct that reaches the particle processing unit below the horizontal duct. Fluid type desiccant air conditioner.   6. The particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to claim 5, wherein the particle injection position is a vertical duct, and includes a particle injection nozzle for injecting the dehumidifying agent particles facing a descending air flow.   Introducing the recovered dehumidifying agent particles, equipped with an adsorption refrigerator that generates cooling water at a low temperature generated by vapor adsorption of the evaporation chamber by the particles, and supplying the cold heat obtained by the adsorption refrigerator to the outside The particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to claim 1.   8. The particle flow type according to claim 7, wherein the cooling water by the cold obtained by the adsorption refrigerator is supplied to a heat exchanger for cooling the dehumidified air that cools the air after dehumidification in the air supply duct. Desiccant air conditioner.   8. A condenser is provided in a regenerator for regenerating dehumidifying agent particles from the adsorption refrigeration machine, and condensed water obtained by the condenser is used as evaporation water for the adsorption refrigeration machine. Particle flow type desiccant air conditioner. It said air supply duct, together with the interior of the air flow introduced from the side is arranged to flow from below upwards, and conveyed to the lower part of the particle reservoir or found before Symbol air supply duct for storing the dehumidifying agent particles and upward injected dehumidification agent particles, and the nozzle particle jetting to spray upward by prior Symbol airflow,
The air supply duct is supplied with upward air that is slower than the terminal velocity at which the dehumidifying agent particles move at the upper end of the duct, and the dehumidifying agent particles are injected upward by the injection nozzle into the air supply duct. 2. The particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the dehumidifying agent particles and the air flow are brought into counter-current contact with each other by dropping the particles by free fall .   The particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to claim 11, further comprising a particle dispersion member that disperses the dehumidifying agent particles descending inside the air supply duct.   2. A dehumidifying air cooling heat exchanger is provided at a contact portion between the dehumidifying agent particles dispersed in the air supply duct and the air flow in the air supply duct to enable an isothermal dehumidification operation. The particle flow type desiccant air conditioner described.   The particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the regenerator is provided with a regenerative air flow supply unit from a blower and conductive heating means, and the regenerative air volume can be reduced by conductive heating. A humidifier and a heat exchanger are installed in order at the outlet of the indoor exhaust,
Cooling water cooled by exhaust air in the heat exchanger for cooling the dehumidified air is supplied from a heat exchanger that cools any of the air supply, dehumidifying unit, and dry particles, or a cooling tower that supplies cooling water to the heat exchanger. The particle flow type desiccant air conditioner according to claim 12 , wherein the cooling water is supplied to a heat exchanger that cools the cooling water.

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