JP5065200B2 - Vertical crusher and ring hammer used in the vertical crusher - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ring hammer used in a vertical crusher for crushing waste.

  As a general vertical crusher, for example, there is one shown in FIG. This vertical crusher is intended for municipal waste and the like, and a vertical drive shaft 4 is arranged in a casing 1 provided with an input part above and a discharge part below. The lower part of the drive shaft 4 is supported by the casing 1 and can be rotated around the axis by a drive force.

  In the casing 1, each of crushing mechanisms of a rough crushing mechanism A, a crushing mechanism B, and a compression crushing mechanism C is provided in order from the upper side to the lower side along the drive shaft 4.

  The structure of the rough crushing mechanism A will be described. A distribution plate 6 is fixed to the upper end of the drive shaft 4, and a bag breaker 5 is provided on the upper portion of the distribution plate 6.

The bag breaker 5 has a function of threading a thin waste such as a garbage bag. After passing through the bag breaker 5, the waste is evenly distributed to the surroundings through the distribution plate 6 by the centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the drive shaft 4.
A plurality of vertical axes 3 are provided around the drive shaft 4 at the lower portion of the distribution plate 6, and a breaker 7 is attached to each vertical axis 3 so as to be swingable in the horizontal direction. Yes. If the drive shaft 4 rotates, the vertical axis 3 rotates around the axis of the drive shaft 4, so that the breaker 7 also rotates around the axis of the drive shaft 4. The waste distributed by the distribution plate 6 is roughly crushed by the breaker 7 and moves to the lower crushing mechanism B.

  Next, in the configuration of the crushing mechanism B, the holding cylinder 2 fixed to the outer periphery of the drive shaft 4 can rotate integrally with the drive shaft 4. A plurality of longitudinal axes 8 are provided on a rotor 9 that projects from the outer periphery of the holding cylinder 2, and a swing hammer 10 is attached to each longitudinal axis 8 so as to project in the horizontal direction. If the drive shaft 4 rotates, the vertical axis 8 rotates around the axis of the drive shaft 4, so that the swing hammer 10 also rotates around the axis of the drive shaft 4. The waste is impact crushed by the swing hammer 10, sheared and crushed between the protrusion 11 provided on the inner wall of the casing 1, and further transferred to a compression crushing mechanism C below it.

  Furthermore, the compression crushing mechanism C has a configuration in which a plurality of vertical axes 12 are provided on a disk 21 that protrudes from the outer periphery of the holding cylinder 2, and a ring hammer 20 is attached to each vertical axis 12. . The ring hammer 20 is inserted through the longitudinal axis 12 and is rotatable around the axis of the longitudinal axis 12. When the drive shaft 4 rotates, the vertical axis 12 rotates around the axis of the drive shaft 4, so that the ring hammer 20 also rotates around the axis of the drive shaft 4. At the same time, the ring hammer 20 rotates around the axis of the vertical axis 12.

  The waste crushed by the compression crushing mechanism C is discharged out of the casing 1 through the discharge port 14 by the discharge blade 13 provided on the vertical axis 8 at the lowermost end of the holding cylinder 2 (for example, Patent Document 1). , 2).

The ring hammer 20 in this vertical crusher has an insertion hole 20a for the vertical axis 12 at the center, and the vertical axis 12 is fitted in the insertion hole 20a with a gap w.
By having the gap w, the center of rotation when the ring hammer 20 rotates about the axis of the vertical axis 12 is decentered, and the impact on the waste during crushing is improved. Further, the ring hammer 20 can be moved in the radial direction centered on the axis of the drive shaft 4 by the interposition of the gap w, and the biting of waste is suppressed.

  The disk 21 adjacent to the lower side of the ring hammer 20 is in contact with the end surface (lower surface) 20f of the ring hammer 20 so that the position of the ring hammer 20 in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis 12 is maintained. The level of the ring hammer 20 is maintained.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a spacer 22 protruding toward the ring hammer is provided on a part of the disk 21, and the spacer 22 slides only on a portion near the outer diameter of the ring hammer 20, thereby In some cases, the contact area between the ring hammer 20 and the ring hammer 20 is reduced (for example, see Patent Documents 3 and 4).

JP-A-8-150346 JP 2001-104812 A Utility Model Registration No. 2576722 (page 1, Fig. 1) Utility Model Registration No. 2558521 (3rd page, Fig. 4)

  According to these vertical crushers, the ring hammer 20 slides on the disk 21, so that the disk 21 is worn.

  When the disk 21 is worn, the position of the ring hammer 20 with respect to the axial direction of the longitudinal axis 12 is not maintained at a normal position, and the level of the ring hammer 20 cannot be maintained. For this reason, it is necessary to replace the disk 21.

  Since the exchange of the disk 21 needs to be performed while stopping the crushing process, a structure that does not wear the disk 21 as much as possible is required. In addition, it is desirable that the replacement frequency of the disk 21 is low because of today's request for cost reduction.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to suppress wear of a disk adjacent to a ring hammer of a vertical crusher.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a lip that abuts against the disc at the peripheral edge of the insertion hole in the center of the ring hammer. If the lip around the insertion hole touches the disk, it is possible to avoid the part other than the lip from touching the disk and to suppress wear of the disk.
In addition, since the part which provided this lip is the peripheral part of an insertion hole, the circumferential speed at the time of rotation is slower than the outer-diameter part far from the insertion hole. For this reason, from the viewpoint that the sliding speed between the ring hammer and the disk at the contact portion becomes slow, the effect of reducing wear due to the provision of the lip can be expected.

Specifically, the vertical drive shaft is arranged in the casing, the vertical axis is arranged on the outer diameter side of the axis of the drive shaft, the ring hammer is attached to the vertical axis, and the ring The hammer is mounted between the adjacent disks in the vertical direction, and the vertical axis connecting the upper and lower adjacent disks is inserted into the insertion hole provided in the center thereof , so that the hammer is arranged around the vertical axis. The ring hammer is rotatable and supported in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis by a disk adjacent to the lower side thereof, and the ring hammer is movable up and down between the disks adjacent to the upper side and the lower side. As the shaft rotates about the axis of the drive shaft, the vertical axis and the ring hammer rotate around the axis of the drive shaft, and the ring hammer is thrown into the casing by the rotational movement. Covered In vertical crusher for crushing crushed material, the periphery of the insertion hole, a lip which projects into the axial direction from the end face of the ring hammer provided, those the underside of the lip on the upper surface of the disk adjacent to the lower It is a vertical crusher characterized by contact.

It is desirable that the lip is provided all around the insertion hole. This is because it is considered that the contact pressure with the disk becomes the entire circumference of the insertion hole, so that the pressure of the contact works uniformly around the insertion hole, and wear due to sliding with the lip can be further suppressed. .
However, as long as the lip has a function of avoiding a portion other than the lip from touching the disc, the lip is partially, for example, intermittently along the entire circumference of the insertion hole. It is also possible to adopt the configuration provided in the above. In the case of the intermittent arrangement, the intermittent lips may be arranged irregularly along the entire circumference of the insertion hole, but are arranged so as to have a uniform orientation along the entire circumference of the insertion hole. It is desirable that

  The position of the lip provided at the peripheral portion of the insertion hole may be a portion separated by a certain distance from the edge of the insertion hole as long as it is the peripheral portion of the insertion hole, but faces the edge of the insertion hole. It is desirable to be provided. If the lip faces the edge of the insertion hole, the sliding speed between the ring hammer and the disk at the contact portion can be made the slowest.

  The configuration of the lip may be, for example, a point contact or line contact with the disc, or a configuration having a flat surface in surface contact with the upper surface of the disc. When the lip and the disk are in surface contact, the contact pressure is relatively reduced as compared with the case of line contact, so that the wear of the disk due to sliding with the lip can be further suppressed.

  Furthermore, when the ring hammer can be used on either side by turning up and down, the lip can be provided on both end faces of the ring hammer. By doing so, it is possible to extend the life of the ring hammer while suppressing wear generated on the disk.

As a ring hammer used in a vertical crusher having each of these configurations, the following configurations can be adopted.
That is, the configuration of the ring hammer is such that the vertical axis is inserted into an insertion hole provided in the center portion so that the ring hammer is rotatably supported around the axis of the vertical axis. A lip projecting in the axial direction from the end surface of the ring hammer is provided at the peripheral edge, and the lip can be brought into contact with the upper surface of the disk.

  According to the present invention, since the lip is provided at the peripheral portion of the insertion hole, it is possible to prevent the portion other than the lip from touching the disc and to suppress wear of the disc.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The basic configuration of the vertical crusher using the ring hammer 20 of the present invention is the same as that of the conventional example. That is, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), an object to be crushed (waste) introduced from above the casing 1 by a carrying-in device 15 such as a conveyor is a rough crushing mechanism A, a crushing mechanism B, a compression crushing mechanism C. It is designed to be crushed sequentially.

  The material to be crushed that has passed the crushing process of the compression crushing mechanism C is discharged out of the casing 1 through the discharge port 14 by the discharge blade 13 provided on the vertical axis 8 at the lowermost end of the holding cylinder 2.

  Further, a chute directed downward and a circulation duct 16 directed upward are connected to the tip of the discharge port 14. The circulation duct 16 leads to the upper part of the space in the casing 1. For this reason, the wind generated by the rotation of the discharge blade 13 is returned into the casing 1.

In addition, in this embodiment, although each crushing mechanism of the rough crushing mechanism A, the crushing mechanism B, and the compression crushing mechanism C is provided, among these, the rough crushing mechanism A and the crushing mechanism B depend on the type of the object to be crushed. Can be selectively employed.
For this reason, as a structure of a vertical crusher, you may provide all the crushing mechanisms of the rough crushing mechanism A, the crushing mechanism B, and the compression crushing mechanism C like this embodiment, for example, Alternatively, a configuration including the coarse crushing mechanism A and the compression crushing mechanism C, a configuration including the crushing mechanism B and the compression crushing mechanism C, or a configuration including only the compression crushing mechanism C may be employed.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the compression crushing mechanism C including the ring hammer 20 will be mainly described.
The structure of the compression crushing mechanism C is such that a plurality of vertical axes 12 are provided on a disk 21 that protrudes from the outer periphery of the holding cylinder 2, and a ring hammer 20 is attached to each vertical axis 12.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the ring hammer 20 has the longitudinal axis 12 inserted through a gap w through an insertion hole 20 a provided at the center thereof. For this reason, the ring hammer 20 is similar to the conventional example in that the ring hammer 20 can rotate around the axis of the longitudinal axis 12.

When the drive shaft 4 is rotated around its axis by the driving force, the vertical axis 12 rotates around the axis of the drive shaft 4 together with the disk 21, so that the ring hammer 20 also rotates around the axis of the drive shaft 4. Moving.
When the reaction force from the object to be crushed is received, the ring hammer 20 rotates around the axis of the vertical axis 12 or there is a gap w between the vertical axis 12 and the ring hammer 20. Retreats in a direction approaching the drive shaft 4, and the object to be crushed can be prevented from being caught between the inner wall of the casing 1.

As shown in FIG. 3, the ring hammer 20 of the first embodiment includes a plurality of protrusions 20 c on the outer periphery of the ring hammer along the axis of the insertion hole 20 a. A groove 20e is interposed between the protrusions 20c and 20c adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and the crushing performance of the object to be crushed is enhanced by the step between the groove 20e and the protrusion 20c.
Moreover, since the notch part 20d shown in the figure is provided in the protrusion part 20c, the notch part 20d also contributes to the improvement of crushing performance.

  On the end face 20f of the ring hammer 20, a lip 20b that protrudes from the end face 20f in the axial direction of the insertion hole 20a by a minute height is provided on the peripheral edge of the insertion hole 20a. The lips 20b are provided on both end faces 20f and 20f of the ring hammer 20, respectively.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the lip 20b is provided continuously around the entire circumference of the insertion hole 20a, and is provided with a uniform width S over the entire circumference facing the edge of the insertion hole 20a. It is done. In addition, the code | symbol R shown in FIG. 3 shows the internal diameter of the penetration hole 20a, and the code | symbol T shows the protrusion length of the said protrusion part 20c from the edge of the insertion hole 20a.

  The longitudinal axis 12 is inserted into the insertion hole 20a, and the ring hammer 20 is mounted between the disks 21 and 21 adjacent in the vertical direction. At this time, the lip 20b abuts on the upper surface of the disk 21, and a minute gap v is interposed between the lip 20b and the outer diameter side of the lip 20b.

  The lip 20b has a flat surface that can come into surface contact with the upper surface of the disk 21, and the flat surface is in contact with the disk 21 adjacent to the lower side, whereby the axial direction of the longitudinal axis 12 of the ring hammer 20 is reached. And the level of the ring hammer 20 is maintained.

  Thus, since the lip 20b provided at the peripheral edge of the insertion hole 20a touches the disk 21, it is possible to avoid a part other than the lip 20b from touching the upper surface of the disk 21 and suppress wear of the disk 21.

  In addition, since the portion where the lip 20b is provided is a peripheral portion close to the insertion hole 20a, the sliding speed with the disk can be made relatively slow. This is because the radial distance from the rotation center of the ring hammer 20 is short. Thus, if the sliding speed is slow, the effect of reducing wear can be expected.

Moreover, since the clearance gap w is interposed between the inner surface of the insertion hole 20a and the outer surface of the vertical axis | shaft 12, the ring hammer 20 may incline a little rather than a horizontal state by the reaction force from a to-be-crushed object.
At this time, a portion of the end surface 20f of the ring hammer 20 on the outer diameter side of the lip 20b has a gap v between the upper surface of the disk 21 and the lower surface of the protrusion 20c of the ring hammer 20 and the disk Contact with the upper surface of 21 can be avoided.

  In this embodiment, the ring hammer 20 is turned upside down so that the ring hammer 20 can be used regardless of which end face 20f faces downward, and the lip 20b can be used at both end faces 20f, 20f of the ring hammer 20. Is provided. For this reason, if it is the ring hammer 20 premised on use on one side (use only rotation in one direction), the lip 20b may be provided only on the lower end face 20f. The same applies to each embodiment described later.

  FIG. 4 shows the ring hammer 20 of the second embodiment. The ring hammer 20 of this embodiment is formed by dividing the groove 20e between the protrusions 20c, 20c adjacent in the circumferential direction into a groove 20e ′ and a groove 20e ″ along the axial direction of the insertion hole 20a. The phase around the axial center of the groove 20e ′ and the groove 20e ″ is shifted in the circumferential direction.

  Since the phases of the groove 20e 'and the groove 20e' 'are made different, the crushing performance for the object to be crushed is improved.

  The configuration of the lip 20b is the same as that of the above-described embodiment. Moreover, the notch part 20d can also be provided in the protrusion part 20c as needed.

FIG. 5 shows the ring hammer 20 of the third embodiment. In the ring hammer 20 of this embodiment, the inner surface of the groove portion 20e between the projecting portions 20c and 20c adjacent in the circumferential direction is a cylindrical surface.
The configuration of the lip 20b is the same as that of the above-described embodiment.

FIG. 6 shows the ring hammer 20 of the fourth embodiment. The ring hammer 20 of this embodiment is obtained by omitting the cut portion 20d in the first embodiment.
The configuration of the lip 20b is the same as that of the above-described embodiment.

  FIG. 7 shows a ring hammer 20 of the fifth embodiment. In the ring hammer 20 of this embodiment, the lip 20b is formed only on one end face 20f in the first embodiment.

Cross section of vertical crusher In FIG. 1, the principal part enlarged view of the part which attached the ring hammer. The detail of the ring hammer of 1st embodiment is shown, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a top view The detail of the ring hammer of 2nd embodiment is shown, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a top view. The detail of the ring hammer of 3rd embodiment is shown, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a top view The detail of the ring hammer of 4th embodiment is shown, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a top view The detail of the ring hammer of 5th embodiment is shown, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a top view, (d) is sectional drawing. Cross-sectional view of a conventional vertical crusher Cross-sectional view of a conventional vertical crusher

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Casing 2 Holding cylinder 3, 8, 12 Vertical axis | shaft 4 Drive shaft 5 Bag breaker 6 Distribution board 7 Breaker 9 Rotor 10 Swing hammer 11 Protrusion body 13 Discharge blade 14 Discharge port 15 Carry-in device 16 Circulation duct 20 Ring hammer 20a Insertion hole 20b Lip 20c Projection 20d Cut 20e Groove 20f End face 21 Disc 22 Spacer

Claims (6)

The vertical drive shaft (4) is arranged in the casing (1), the vertical axis (12) in the vertical direction is arranged on the outer diameter side of the axis of the drive shaft (4), and the vertical axis (12) The ring hammer (20) is mounted between the adjacent discs (21, 21) in the vertical direction, and the upper and lower portions are inserted into the insertion hole (20a) provided in the center thereof. The vertical axis (12) connecting between the adjacent disks (21, 21) is inserted, so that it can be rotated around the axis of the vertical axis (12) and the disk (21) adjacent to the lower side can be rotated. Supported in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis ( 12 ), the ring hammer (20) is movable up and down between the upper and lower adjacent disks (21, 21), and the drive shaft (4 ) Rotates around the axis of the drive shaft (4) Along with this, the longitudinal axis (12) and the ring hammer (20) rotate around the axis of the drive shaft (4), and the ring hammer (20) is moved into the casing (1) by the rotational movement. In the vertical crusher that crushes the material to be crushed,
A lip (20b) projecting in the axial direction from the end face (20f) of the ring hammer (20) is provided on the peripheral edge of the insertion hole (20a), and the lower surface of the lip (20b) is adjacent to the lower side. A vertical crusher characterized by being brought into contact with the upper surface of the disk (21).   The vertical crusher according to claim 1, wherein the lip (20b) is provided on the entire periphery of the insertion hole (20a).   The vertical crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lip (20b) is provided facing an edge of the insertion hole (20a).   The vertical crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lip (20b) has a flat surface in surface contact with the upper surface of the disk (21).   The ring hammer (20) can be used on either side by turning upside down, and the lip (20b) is provided on both end faces (20f, 20f) of the ring hammer (20). The vertical crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   It is a ring hammer (20) used for the vertical crusher in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5, Comprising: The said vertical axis | shaft (12) is penetrated by the penetration hole (20a) provided in the center part. Is supported so as to be rotatable around the axis of the longitudinal axis (12), and the axial center of the insertion hole (20a) extends from the end surface (20f) of the ring hammer (20). A ring hammer provided with a lip (20b) projecting in the direction, and allowing the lip (20b) to come into contact with the upper surface of the disk (21).

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