JP5062417B2 - Lathe equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lathe apparatus, for example, a cam type lathe apparatus combined with a numerical control function.

A lathe is a machining device that cuts a workpiece from a bar by cutting. There are various types of such lathes, and there is a cam-driven lathe that controls the operation of the blade and the headstock with a cam.
FIG. 20 is a front view of a conventional cam-driven lathe. This lathe is used, for example, when cutting small parts such as wristwatch parts from bars.

The lathe 101 includes a base part 105, a headstock 102 and a center base 104 slidable in the main axis direction on the base part 105, and a tool post 103 fixed to the base part 105.
Cam mechanisms 110, 151, and 152 are coaxially held on the base portion 105 by a cam shaft 116, and the cam shaft 116 is rotationally driven by a cam drive motor via a gear portion 115.
Note that the camshaft motor is not shown in FIG.

The cam mechanism 110 includes a plurality of cams, and each cam defines an operation in a direction perpendicular to the main axis of the individual blade 121. A plurality of blades 121 are provided radially around the work.
On the other hand, the cam mechanism 151 defines the timing of workpiece chucking, and the cam mechanism 152 defines the operation of the spindle stock 102 in the spindle direction.
The center table 104 supports the workpiece by the center and moves together with the head stock 102 by being connected to the head stock 102.

  The shape of each cam and the relative angle of the cam attached to the cam shaft 116 are set so that the workpiece is automatically cut from the workpiece. By driving the cam shaft 116, the lathe 101 can repeat a cycle of .fwdarw..fwdarw.work supply.fwdarw.chuck closing.fwdarw.cutting blade 121 and headstock 102 to cut workpiece.fwdarw.work cutting off.fwdarw.chuck opening.fwdarw.work feed ....

By the way, there is an NC automatic lathe disclosed as a technique in which blades are radially arranged around a workpiece as in the lathe related to the conventional example (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this technique, the operation of the blade is performed not by a cam but by numerical control.
JP-A-4-135103

As described above, lathes that numerically control the blade have been used, but many users still prefer cam-driven lathes.
Further, in the cam-driven lathe, the blade moves smoothly along the outer periphery of the cam, so that there is an advantage that a smooth machining surface can be easily formed as compared with the numerical control method that is digital control.

  However, in the cam-driven lathe, the control of the blade that moves in the direction perpendicular to the spindle and the control of the headstock that moves in the direction of the spindle are performed by one camshaft (that is, the control with different movement directions is 1). Because it is done with a camshaft of a book), it is difficult to adjust the cam, and highly skilled techniques are required.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to easily adjust the cam.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a spindle including gripping means for gripping a workpiece on an axis, a spindle rotating means for rotating the spindle, and the workpiece A cutter holding means for holding a cutter for cutting a workpiece, a cutter moving means for moving the cutter holding means in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft, following the shape of the rotating cam, and the cam. The main spindle by numerical control by executing a computer with a cam rotation means, a rotation angle detection means for detecting the rotation angle of the cam, and a numerical control program for controlling the amount of movement of the main spindle based on the detected rotation angle. In the axial direction, offset value acquisition means for acquiring an offset value for the rotation angle of the cam, and the numerical control program Providing an offset means for offsetting the only timing for moving the spindle quantity corresponding to the offset value, the lathe apparatus characterized by comprising a.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there are a plurality of the cams, and the offset value acquisition means acquires an offset value for each cam, and associates the cam with the movement of the spindle in the numerical control program. 2. An association means is provided, wherein the offset means offsets the movement of the spindle relative to the cam associated with the movement by an amount corresponding to the obtained offset value. A lathe device described in 1. is provided.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the main shaft moving means causes a force for moving the main shaft to act in a direction parallel to the axis within a vertical plane including the axis of the main shaft. A lathe device according to claim 1 or claim 2 is provided.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a connecting means for supporting the workpiece from a side facing the gripping means, and connecting the gripping means and the support means while maintaining a distance between them. And a lathe device according to claim 1, 2, or 3.
The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the connecting means is configured such that the connecting length can be adjusted in units of length of a workpiece cut from the workpiece. A lathe device according to 4, is provided.
In the invention of claim 6, when cutting the workpiece with a rotating blade holding means for holding a rotating blade that rotates around a rotating shaft that forms a predetermined angle with the main shaft, A lathe device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a rotary blade moving means for moving the rotary blade holding means.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the lathe apparatus according to the sixth aspect, wherein the rotary blade moving means moves the rotating blade following the shape of the rotating rotary blade cam. .
In the invention according to claim 8, the rotary blade cam includes a first rotation angle at which the rotating blade cuts into the workpiece, and a second rotation angle at which the rotating blade is separated from the workpiece. 8 is set, and the cam rotation means rotates the rotation angle of the rotary blade cam alternately between the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle. A lathe device is provided.
In the invention according to claim 9, the spindle rotating means holds the rotation angle of the workpiece at a predetermined angle while the rotary blade cam is held at the first rotation angle. The rotary workpiece is rotated by a predetermined angle so that the rotating blade cuts the next cutting point while the rotary blade cam is held at the second rotation angle. A lathe device according to claim 8 is provided.
In a tenth aspect of the present invention, the spindle moving means is configured to feed the workpiece toward the rotating cutter while the rotary cutter cam is held at the first rotation angle. The lathe apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the main shaft is moved, and the main shaft is returned to a position before the movement while the rotary blade cam is held at the second rotation angle. To do.
The invention according to claim 11 is characterized in that the blade holding means comprises blade rotation means for rotating the held blade around a rotation axis that forms a predetermined angle with the main shaft. A lathe device according to any one of claims up to claim 5 is provided.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily adjust the cam by making the control in the main shaft direction a numerical control and making the control of the headstock independent of the control of the blade.

(1) Outline of Embodiment In the lathe 1 of FIG. 1B, the movement of the cutting tool 21 (FIG. 1A) in the cutting direction is controlled by the cam mechanism 10, and the movement of the headstock 2 in the Z-axis direction is controlled. Numerical control is performed by the servo motor 6.
The lathe 1 detects a rotation angle, a rotation speed, and the like of the cam shaft 16 with a sensor. The lathe 1 can move the cam mechanism 10 and the headstock 2 in synchronization by controlling the movement of the headstock 2 based on the detected value.
Further, the ball screw 7 and the nut 8 are arranged so that the driving force in the Z-axis direction by the servo motor 6 acts evenly on the sliding surface 17 to prevent uneven wear of the sliding surface 17. Yes.
As described above, the lathe 1 separates the control of the headstock 2 from the cam mechanism 10 as numerical control, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the cam mechanism 10 and the setting of the offset value of the headstock 2. .
Furthermore, since uneven wear of the sliding surface 17 is prevented, the machining accuracy of the workpiece can be maintained, and the repairing operation of the sliding surface 17 is facilitated.

(2) Details of Embodiment FIG. 1 is a view showing a lathe apparatus according to the present embodiment, FIG. 1 (a) is a side view of a cam portion, and FIG. 1 (b) is a front view of the lathe apparatus. Show.
As shown in FIG. 1B, the lathe 1 is roughly composed of a base portion 5, a spindle stock 2, a tool rest 3, and a center stand 4.
The base 5 (bed base) is provided with a headstock 2, a tool post 3 and a center base 4 on the upper surface, and a cam mechanism 10 for driving a tool (tool) installed on the tool post 3 is formed inside. Has been.
Moreover, the installation part of the headstock 2 and the center base 4 of the base part 5 is a sliding surface (sliding surface) in which a slide guide such as a groove structure is formed. Therefore, the spindle stock 2 and the center stand 4 can move in the Z-axis direction while being guided by the slide guide on the upper surface of the base portion 5.

The headstock 2 includes a spindle motor 11 that rotates the spindle, a chuck (shown by reference numeral 27 in FIG. 3) that holds a workpiece (workpiece), a workpiece supply device 12 that feeds the workpiece to a machining position, a nut 8, and a spindle 18 And is installed on the sliding surface 17 of the base part 5.
The spindle motor 11 is installed on the upper part of the spindle stock 2 and applies a rotational force to the spindle 18 by a driving force transmission mechanism using a pulley, a belt, or the like. The spindle motor 11 functions as a spindle rotating means.
The nut 8 is fixed to the rear part of the headstock 2 (the side opposite to the center base 4 side), and a ball screw 7 is screwed into the inner diameter. The nut 8 and the ball screw 7 function as a motion direction conversion mechanism that converts the rotational motion of the servomotor 6 into motion in the Z-axis direction of the headstock 2. Note that the + Z-axis direction of the headstock 2 is referred to as a feed direction.

The workpiece supply device 12, the main shaft 18, and the chuck are coaxially formed on the axis of the main shaft 18 (referred to as the C axis).
The main shaft 18 and the workpiece supply device 12 are formed with a through hole through which the workpiece penetrates on the axis of the main shaft 18. The workpiece is inserted into the through hole and attached to the lathe 1.
The workpiece supply device 12 feeds the workpiece by feeding the workpiece in the direction of the tool post 3 (+ Z-axis direction) by a predetermined amount according to a command from a controller described later.

The chuck is formed at the tip of the main shaft 18 and functions as a gripping means for gripping the workpiece that is fed out by the workpiece supply device 12. For example, the chuck is opened and closed using air pressure, and the workpiece supply device 12 is opened when the workpiece is supplied, and closed and gripped when the workpiece is processed according to a command from the controller.
The main shaft 18, the workpiece supply device 12, and the chuck are integrally rotated around the axis of the main shaft 18. When the main shaft motor 11 rotates the main shaft 18, the work rotates accordingly.

A servo motor 6 is fixed on the base portion 5 in the −Z-axis direction of the headstock 2. A ball screw 7 is formed on the rotation shaft of the servo motor 6.
The servo motor 6 rotates the ball screw 7 in the positive and negative directions at a specified rotational speed in accordance with a command from the controller, and the headstock 2 is moved to Z by screwing the ball screw 7 and the nut 8 together. It is moved at a predetermined speed by a predetermined amount in the axial direction.
The servo motor 6, the ball screw 7, the nut 8, and the headstock 2 function as a main shaft moving means for moving the main shaft 18 in the axial direction.

The nut 8 and the ball screw 7 are arranged such that their center lines are parallel to the main shaft 18 and included in a vertical plane including the axis of the main shaft 18, and the force that the servo motor 6 exerts on the head stock 2 is In the vertical plane including the axis of the main shaft 18, it acts in parallel to the axis.
For this reason, the force by which the servo motor 6 moves the headstock 2 is evenly applied to the sliding surface 17 so that the sliding surface 17 is not unevenly worn.

Incidentally, in the conventional lathe apparatus shown in FIG. 20, the force by the cam mechanism 152 is applied to the side surface of the headstock 102.
For this reason, an uneven load acts on the sliding surface 17 and the slide guide to accelerate the wear of the slide surface 17 and the slide guide.
For this reason, the coaxial accuracy of a guide bush and a main shaft, which will be described later, is lowered, and the workpiece machining accuracy may be lowered. And the correction of the sliding surface 17 required highly skilled technology.
However, in the lathe 1 of the present embodiment, the load is evenly distributed and applied to the sliding surface 17, so that the sliding surface 17 is hardly worn. Moreover, even if it wears out, since the amount of wear is uniform, the sliding surface 17 can be easily corrected as compared with the conventional case.

As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the tool post 3 is fixed between the headstock 2 and the center base 4, and a plurality of cams 9a, 9b, 9c, ... (FIG. 1A) is fixed to the cam shaft 16, and the cam mechanism 10 is accommodated. However, in order to avoid complication of the drawing, the reference numeral is shown only on the cam 9a. In addition, the cams 9a, 9b, 9c,.
A gear is formed at the end of the cam shaft 16 on the center base 4 side, and is housed in a gear section 15 provided on the base base 4 side of the base portion 5.

The gear unit 15 transmits the rotational driving force of a cam drive motor having a rotor shaft formed in a direction perpendicular to the Z axis in the Z axis direction to drive the cam shaft 16.
In FIG. 1B, the cam drive motor is not shown as a blind spot of the gear unit 15.
Here, the cam drive motor, the gear portion 15, and the cam shaft 16 function as cam rotation means for rotating the cam.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the tool post 3 is provided with a guide bush 23 in which a guide hole having a center line about the axis C of the main shaft 18 is formed. It is inserted and positioned and guided to the machining position.
A plurality of blades 21a, 21b, 21c,... Are radially arranged around the work 22 (five in the drawing).
The blades 21a, 21b, 21c,... Are detachably attached by blade holding means provided at the tips of the individual arms 25a, 25b, 25c,.
In FIG. 1A, only one blade 21a and an arm 25a are provided with symbols for the sake of simplicity, but the blade 21b, the arm 25b, the blade 21c, It is assumed that the arms 25c,.
In the following description, the blade 21a, the blade 21b,... And the arms 25a, 25b,.

The arm 25a includes a fixed shaft that can turn around a rotation axis parallel to the axis C of the main shaft 18. When the arm 25a turns around the fixed shaft, the blade 21a moves in the cutting direction. It is like that. The cutting direction of the blade 21 is defined as the X axis, and the direction away from the axis C of the main shaft 18 is defined as the + X axis direction.
On the other hand, a contact 24a is formed at the end of the arm 25a, and the tip of the contact 24a is pressed against the outer periphery of the cam 9a.
For this reason, when the cam 9a rotates, the contact 24a moves along the outer peripheral surface of the cam 9a, and accordingly, the blade 21a moves in the X-axis direction. That is, the shape of the outer periphery of the cam 9a defines the movement of the blade 21a.
The arm 25a and the contactor 24a function as a blade moving means that moves the blade holding means in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft 18 along the outer periphery of the rotating cam 9a.
Similarly, the arms 25b, 25c,... Move according to the shape of the cams 9b, 9c,.

The cam mechanism 10 is formed by combining a plurality of cams 9 (cams 9a, 9b, 9c,...), And the outer shapes of the cams 9a, 9b, 9c,. , 21c,...
For this reason, when the cam mechanism 10 is rotated, it is possible to cause each blade 21 to perform an individually preset operation.
The cam 9 of the present embodiment is called a plate cam.
In addition to these, there are various cams such as a flat groove cam, a cylindrical groove cam, and an end face cam, and any kind of cam may be used for the lathe 1.
In any of the cams, the blade 21 operates in accordance with the shape formed in advance on the cam such as the outer periphery and the groove.

Although not shown, the cam shaft 16 is provided with a rotation angle detection means constituted by an encoder or the like, so that a controller described later can detect the rotation angle of the cam mechanism 10.
The lathe 1 uses the detected rotation angle of the cam mechanism 10 and the Z coordinate value of the head stock 2 to control the cam drive motor and the servo motor 6 so that the operation of the cam mechanism 10 and the operation of the head stock 2 are synchronized. To do.
Further, the angular velocity of the cam mechanism 10 is calculated from the rotation angle, the velocity of the headstock 2 is calculated from the Z coordinate value (these may be detected by another angular velocity sensor or a velocity sensor), and these are calculated. It is also possible to use it to control the operation of the head stock 2.
Note that the angular velocity and angular acceleration of the cam mechanism 10 and the speed and acceleration of the headstock 2 are the temporal change of the rotation angle of the cam mechanism 10 and the temporal change of the Z coordinate value of the headstock 2, respectively. The control used is also included in the control using the rotation angle of the cam mechanism 10 and the Z coordinate value of the headstock 2.

  A specific example of such control is described below. For example, assuming that the angle of the camshaft 16 is Dx, the Z coordinate of the headstock 2 is Dz, the angular speed of the camshaft 16 is Vx, and the speed of the headstock 2 is Vz, In addition, it is assumed that a numerical control program that defines Dx, Dz, and Vx is input to the lathe 1.

(Dx [degree], Dz [mm], Vx [degree / [mm]]) = (0, 0, 10), (5, 0, 10), (7, 10, 10), (8, 0, 10), (12, -5, 10), (13, 0, 10) (Formula 1)
These values are input by, for example, the operator rotating the cam shaft 16 to check the start angle and end angle of each process and inputting them as Dx (the cam 9a includes production errors and mounting errors). Measured), Dz given as a design value in advance, and a desired Vx are input.
From this data, the controller calculates Vz by Vz = (Dz / Dx) × Vx (Equation 2), and can thereby control the moving speed of the headstock 2.

As shown in FIG. 1B, the center table 4 (core pushing table) supports the end portion of the work 22 by the center 13. The center 13 can be a fixed type or a rotary type center.
The center table 4 is installed on a sliding surface 17 formed on the upper surface of the base portion 5 similarly to the main table 2 and can be moved in the axial direction (Z-axis direction) of the main shaft 18 by a slide guide.
The center table 4 can be connected to the head stock 2 by a connecting mechanism, and thereby moves together with the main stock 2 in the Z-axis direction. As will be described later, this connection mechanism can change the connection distance between the center table 4 and the headstock 2.

FIG. 2 is a view showing an example of a processed product processed by the lathe 1. The figure also shows the Z-axis direction. Although the X axis is not shown in FIG. 2, it is a direction perpendicular to the Z axis.
This processed product is cut from a bar with a blade 21 and is made of, for example, a metal such as brass.
As shown in the figure, the processed product has a length of about 2.5 [mm] and a diameter of about 1.5 [mm], and is used as a part of a small precision machine such as a wristwatch, for example.

Below, the operation example of the cam mechanism 10 and the spindle motor 11 is demonstrated using this processed product.
Note that this processing example is an example, and there are various processing methods such as finishing after roughing.

An end surface 201 perpendicular to the Z-axis is formed at the end of the processed product on the + Z-axis side. The end surface 201 is processed by moving the blade 21 in the −X-axis direction by the cam mechanism 10 while the Z coordinate of the blade 21 is fixed (that is, the headstock 2 is fixed).
In this case, the numerical control program is configured to keep the Z coordinate of the headstock 2 constant until the rotation angle of the camshaft 16 reaches the end angle to form the end surface 201.

A tapered surface 202 is formed on the −Z-axis side of the end surface 201. The tapered surface 202 is processed so that the outer diameter increases at a constant rate in the −Z-axis direction. In this process, the cutter 21 is moved in the X-axis direction by the cam mechanism 10 while the cutter 21 is moved in the -Z-axis direction at a constant speed (that is, the headstock 2 is moved in the -Z-axis direction at a constant speed). Processed by moving at a speed.
In this case, the numerical control program sets a change rate of the Z coordinate of the headstock 2 to a predetermined change rate with respect to the change rate of the rotation angle until the rotation angle of the camshaft 16 reaches the end angle to form the tapered surface 202. It is configured to maintain a constant value.

A cylindrical surface 203 is formed on the −Z axis side of the tapered surface 202. The cylindrical surface 203 is formed by moving the blade 21 in the −Z axis direction with the X axis fixed by the cam mechanism 10 (that is, moving the headstock 2 in the −Z axis direction).
In this case, the numerical control program sets the change rate of the Z coordinate of the headstock 2 to a predetermined change rate with respect to the change rate of the rotation angle until the rotation angle of the cam shaft 16 reaches the end angle to form the cylindrical surface 203. It is configured to maintain a constant value.

A cylindrical surface 204 having an outer diameter larger than that of the cylindrical surface 203 is formed on the −Z axis side of the cylindrical surface 203, and a step portion is formed at the boundary between the cylindrical surface 203 and the cylindrical surface 204.
This stepped portion is formed by moving the cutter 21 in the X-axis direction by the cam mechanism 10 while the Z coordinate of the cutter 21 is fixed (that is, the headstock 2 is fixed) as in the end face 201.
In this case, the numerical control program is configured to keep the Z coordinate of the headstock 2 constant until the rotation angle of the cam shaft 16 reaches the end angle to form the stepped portion.
The formation method of the cylindrical surface 204 is the same as that of the cylindrical surface 203.

A cylindrical surface 205 having an outer diameter smaller than that of the cylindrical surface 204 is formed in the −Z-axis direction of the cylindrical surface 204, and a step portion is formed at the boundary between the cylindrical surface 204 and the cylindrical surface 205.
The formation of the cylindrical surface 205 is the same as the cylindrical surface 203 and the cylindrical surface 204.

A conical surface 106 is formed on the −Z axis side of the cylindrical surface 205. The conical surface 206 is processed so that the outer diameter decreases at a constant rate in the −Z-axis direction.
In this process, the cutter 21 is moved in the −X axis direction by the cam mechanism 10 while the cutter 21 is moved at a constant speed in the −Z axis direction (that is, while the headstock 2 is moved at a constant speed in the −Z axis direction). Processed by moving at a constant speed.
In this case, the numerical control program sets a change rate of the Z coordinate of the headstock 2 to a predetermined change rate with respect to the change rate of the rotation angle until the rotation angle of the cam shaft 16 reaches the end angle to form the conical surface 206. It is configured to maintain a constant value.

As described above, the lathe 1 can two-dimensionally process the bar by synchronizing (interlocking) the movement of the cutting tool 21 in the X-axis direction and the movement of the headstock 2 in the Z-axis direction.
In addition, the workpiece in FIG. 2 has a tapered surface, a cylindrical surface, and a conical surface. In addition, for example, an arc, an elliptical arc, or a side surface that draws a free curve is processed in the ZX plane. Is also possible.

Next, the connection mechanism of the spindle stock 2 and the center stock 4 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a connection mechanism of the lathe 1 in the overall view of the lathe 1. In order to avoid complication of the figure, the cam mechanism 10 and the like are omitted.
As shown in FIG. 3, a coupling mechanism including a coupling rod 31, a fixing member 32, a clamp mechanism 33 and the like is provided inside the base portion 5 so as not to interfere with the cam mechanism 10 and the cam shaft 16. Yes.

The clamp mechanism 33 is fixed to the headstock 2, and one end side of the connecting rod 31 is inserted therethrough. The clamp mechanism 33 can hold or release the connecting rod 31 by the force of compressed air, for example.
On the other hand, the other end side of the connecting rod 31 is fixed to a fixing member 32, and the fixing member 32 is further fixed to the center base 4.

In the connecting mechanism configured as described above, the lathe 1 moves the headstock 2 with the clamp mechanism 33 opened (the center base 4 is stationary at a fixed position because the connection is released), and the spindle After setting the distance between the base 2 and the center base 4 to a desired value, the spindle base 2 and the center base 4 can be connected at this distance by closing the clamp mechanism 33.
With this connection mechanism, the lathe 1 can arbitrarily set the connection distance between the headstock 2 and the center table 4 according to the clamp position of the connection rod 31.
As described above, the lathe 1 includes the center 13 (supporting means) that supports the workpiece 22 from the side facing the chuck 27, and also connects the center 13 and the headstock 2 while maintaining a predetermined distance. (Connecting means).

Next, a workpiece supply method using such a coupling mechanism will be described with reference to FIG.
In conventional cam-driven lathes, the movement of the headstock and the movement of the cutter are linked by a single camshaft 116. Therefore, when one workpiece is machined, it is cut by parting or the like, and the next workpiece is cut. For example, one workpiece is supplied each time one processed product is manufactured.
On the other hand, the lathe 1 according to the present embodiment separates the control mechanism for the headstock 2 and the control mechanism for the blade 21 by moving the headstock 2 with the spindle motor 11. It is possible to supply a workpiece having a length capable of manufacturing a product at a time.

For example, FIG. 4A shows a state where workpieces 22 (workpieces 22a to 22e can be secured) for five workpieces are supplied.
One end of the work 22 is chucked (gripped) by the chuck 27 and the other end is supported by the center 13.
The headstock 2 and the center base 4 are connected by holding a workpiece 22 for five workpieces by a connection mechanism. When the servo motor 6 (FIG. 1) drives the center base 4 in the Z-axis direction, the center base 4 is It moves together with the headstock 2.
In order to avoid complication of the drawing, the headstock 2 and the center base 4 are not shown, and the chuck 27 and the center 13 are directly connected by the connecting rod 31.

The lathe 1 applies the cutting tool 21 to the tip side portion of the workpiece 22 fixed in this manner (the workpiece 22a in FIG. 4A) and processes this, and when the processing is completed, the completed processed product is transferred to the workpiece. Disconnect from 22.
The lathe 1 cuts the workpiece and then opens the clamp mechanism 33 to move the headstock 2 in the direction of the center base 4.
The lathe 1 closes the clamp mechanism 33 and closes the spindle when the end of the workpiece 22 abuts the center 13 (that is, when the distance between the spindle base 2 and the center base 4 is reduced by one workpiece). The distance between the base 2 and the center base 4 is fixed.

As a result, the remaining part of the workpiece 22 (four workpieces 22b to 22e) is fixed by the center 13 and the chuck 27 as shown in FIG.
In this way, the lathe 1 chucks the workpieces 22 for a plurality of workpieces at a time, and shortens the distance between the headstock 2 and the center platform 4 by one workpiece each time the workpiece is completed.
When the machining of the workpiece 22e is completed, the workpiece supply device 12 (FIG. 1) supplies five workpieces 22, and the coupling mechanism couples the headstock 2 and the center platform 4 to perform the same machining.

That is, the connecting mechanism is configured to be able to adjust the length to be connected in units of the length of a workpiece cut from the workpiece 22.
For this reason, the lathe 1 of the present embodiment can chuck the workpieces 22 for a plurality of workpieces at a time, and unlike the conventional lathe, it is not necessary to perform chucking every time a workpiece is produced. The processing time of 22 can be shortened.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram schematically showing the control system of the lathe 1.
The control system 46 is configured by connecting an operation panel 42, a cam drive motor 45, a servo motor 6, a spindle motor 11, a coupling mechanism drive device 43, a workpiece supply device 12, and the like to a controller 41.
The operation panel 42 is a human interface for the operator of the lathe 1 to operate the lathe 1. For example, a display device configured with a liquid crystal display, a keyboard for inputting characters and numbers, various hard keys, various soot keys, a start Buttons, emergency stop buttons, etc. are formed.
It also includes an interface for connecting a cable from the terminal, a magnetic disk drive, and the like.

The operator of the lathe 1 operates the operation panel 42 to input / edit the numerical control program, execute the input numerical control program, or operate the lathe 1 by manual control.
The operator performs a predetermined operation on the lathe 1 to finely adjust the relative relationship between the rotation angle of the camshaft 16 and the position of the headstock 2 by offsetting the position of the headstock 2 and the rotation angle of the camshaft 16. can do.

The controller 41 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a storage unit (for example, a computer having an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable and Programmable ROM)), and the like. The motor 45, the servo motor 6, the spindle motor 11, the coupling mechanism drive device 43, the workpiece supply device 12, and the like are controlled.
The storage unit stores an OS (Operating System) and a numerical control program, and the CPU performs numerical control and other controls according to these programs.
When the operator sets the offset value of the rotation angle of the camshaft 16 and the position of the headstock 2, the offset value is also stored in the storage unit and is referred to the CPU at the time of processing.

The cam drive motor 45 functions as an X-axis motor, and rotates the cam shaft 16 based on a command from the controller 41.
The servo motor 6 functions as a Z-axis motor, and the controller 41 numerically controls the rotation angle, rotation speed, rotation direction, and the like. The controller 41 monitors the rotation angle and rotation speed of the camshaft 16, and numerically controls the servomotor 6 based on this.
The spindle motor 11 functions as a C-axis motor and rotates the spindle 18 based on a command from the controller 41.

Based on a command from the controller 41, the coupling mechanism drive device 43 opens and closes the clamp mechanism 33 by supplying compressed air, for example.
The workpiece supply device 12 supplies the workpiece 22 based on a command from the controller 41 and opens and closes the chuck 27 using, for example, compressed air.

Next, the operation of the lathe 1 will be described using the timing chart of FIG.
In this timing chart, the horizontal axis represents the rotation angle of the cam shaft 16, and the vertical axis represents the cutters 21 a, 21 b, 21 c, the forward / backward movement of the headstock 2, and the opening / closing of the chuck 27. Here, in order to simplify the description, it is assumed that the lathe 1 includes three blades 21, that is, blades 21a to 21c.
For the headstock 2, the movement in the + Z-axis direction is forward and the movement in the reverse direction is backward, and for the blade 21, the −X-axis direction (ie, the direction approaching the workpiece 22) is forward and reverse. The movement in the direction is set as backward.
First, while the camshaft 16 rotates from 0 degree to 30 degrees, the lathe 1 opens the chuck 27 and retracts the headstock 2, then closes the chuck 27, and in parallel with this, the cutting tool 21 a that has advanced. At the same time, the cutter 21c is advanced. Note that the lathe 1 is kept in the retracted position with respect to the blade 21b.

When the angle of the camshaft 16 exceeds 30 degrees, the lathe 1 closes the chuck 27, moves the headstock 2 forward, retracts the cutter 21b, and cuts the workpiece 22.
When the angle of the camshaft 16 exceeds 135 degrees, the lathe 1 moves the blade 21c backward to finish cutting with the blade 21c, and simultaneously advances the blade 21b with the backward movement of the blade 21c to start cutting with the blade 21b. .
When the angle of the camshaft 16 reaches around 270 degrees, the lathe 1 further advances after the headstock 2 is slightly retracted. The lathe 1 moves the blade 21b backward to finish cutting with the blade 21b, and advances the blade 21a to start cutting with the blade 21.
When the angle of the cam shaft 16 reaches 360 degrees, the processed product is completed.

Next, the automatic cycle operation of the lathe 1 will be described using the flowchart of FIG.
First, the operator mounts the cam 9a, the cam 9b, the cam 9c,.
Each cam 9 is marked by a marking line or the like at a position corresponding to a predetermined angle of the cam shaft 16, and when the cam shaft 16 reaches the predetermined angle, the cam mark and the cam format lower (cam The cam is attached so that the marks on the shaft 16 coincide.

Next, the operator mounts the workpiece 22 on the lathe 1 and operates the operation panel 42 to load a numerical control program for machining the workpiece 22 to the CPU of the controller 41 (or the operation panel as in (Equation 1)). 42 directly).
If necessary, the operator makes a trial product, measures its outer shape, and determines the rotation angle of the camshaft 16 and the offset value of the Z coordinate of the headstock 2. The offset value is input from the operation panel 42 by the operator and stored in the storage unit of the controller 41.

When the operator presses the start button on the operation panel 42, the CPU executes the numerical control program and starts controlling the cam drive motor 45, the servo motor 6, the spindle motor 11, and the coolant supply device.
The following control is performed by the CPU of the controller 41 based on a numerical control program.

  First, the lathe 1 initializes the counter k to 0 (step 5). The counter k is a parameter for counting the number of times the workpiece supply device 12 has supplied the workpiece 22 with respect to one bar. Here, it is assumed that the number of times that the workpiece supply device 12 can feed the workpiece 22 is M (M is a natural number) and is described in the numerical control program.

Next, the lathe 1 stops all the axes (the cam drive motor 45, the servo motor 6, and the spindle motor 11) (step 10).
Next, the lathe 1 drives the spindle motor 11 to move the spindle stock 2 to return the center stand 4 (in a connected state with the spindle stock 2) to the initial position when supplying the workpiece (step 15). The chuck 27 is opened (step 20).

Next, the lathe 1 opens the clamp mechanism 33, releases the connection with the center base 4 by the connecting rod 31, and drives the servo motor 6 to retract the spindle base 2 (step 25).
Next, the lathe 1 supplies the workpiece 22 by feeding the workpiece 22 by a predetermined amount (amount of which the end abuts against the center table 4) by driving the workpiece supply device 12 (step 30).
After supplying the workpiece, the lathe 1 closes the chuck 27 and closes the clamp mechanism 33 to connect the spindle stock 2 and the center stand 4 (step 35). Note that the clamp mechanism 33 may be closed before the workpiece 22 is supplied.
Next, the lathe 1 initializes the counter i to 0 (step 40). The counter i is a parameter for counting the number of workpieces processed after the workpiece 22 is supplied.

As described above, the lathe 1 sets the workpiece 22 and then starts machining the workpiece 22 (step 45).
The lathe 1 drives the spindle 21 by driving the spindle motor 11 to rotate the workpiece 22 around the spindle and driving the cam drive motor 45.
Further, the lathe 1 drives the servo motor 6 based on the rotation angle of the cam shaft 16 while monitoring the rotation angle of the cam shaft 16 to move the headstock 2 and the center base 4.

When the processed product is completed, the lathe 1 cuts the workpiece from the workpiece 22 and determines whether or not the counter i is less than N.
Here, N is a natural number set in advance and is the number of workpieces to be processed for one supply of the workpiece 22.
When i is less than N (step 50; Y), the lathe 1 increments by adding 1 to i (step 55).

Then, the lathe 1 opens the clamp mechanism 33 (step 60), advances the headstock 2 by one workpiece (step 65), closes the clamp mechanism 33, and connects the headstock 2 and the center base 4 (step 65). Step 70).
Thereafter, the process returns to step 45 to machine the workpiece 22.
In addition, after connecting the headstock 2 and the center base 4, it is also possible to open the one end chuck 27, press the work 22 against the center 13 by the work supply device 12, and then close the chuck 27 again. By this operation, the center 13 can be more reliably supported.

On the other hand, when i is not less than N (that is, when i reaches N) (step 50; N), the lathe 1 further determines whether k is less than M (step 75).
If k is less than M (step 75; Y), the lathe 1 increments by adding 1 to k (step 80). Then, the lathe 1 returns to the process of step 10 and causes the workpiece supply device 12 to supply the workpiece 22.
On the other hand, when k is not less than M (that is, when k reaches M) (step 75; N), the lathe 1 stops all axes (the cam drive motor 45, the servo motor 6, and the spindle motor 11) ( Step 85), for example, the operator is notified that the processing has been completed by turning on the indicator lamp.

  When the machining of the workpiece 22 is completed, the operator can supply the next workpiece to the workpiece supply device 12 to execute the same numerical control program, or can perform setup change (if necessary, the cam Other workpieces can be made (to replace mechanism 10).

The following effects can be obtained by the present embodiment described above.
(1) Since the movement of the headstock 2 and the rotation of the cam mechanism 10 are mechanically separated, it is not necessary to move the headstock 2 by the cam mechanism 10 and the adjustment of the cam mechanism 10 is facilitated.
That is, in the conventional lathe device, when there is a manufacturing error or an assembly error in the headstock moving cam and the cutter cutting cam, it is necessary to process and correct the cam to maintain the accuracy, and he is skilled in cam mounting and correction. Although skill is required, in the lathe 1 of the present embodiment, adjustment of the headstock moving cam becomes unnecessary.

(2) Since the ball screw 7 is formed at the center of the sliding surface 17 so that the pressure acts on the sliding surface 17 on an average, an uneven load on the sliding surface 17 can be prevented. For this reason, the uneven wear of the sliding surface 17 can be prevented and the workpiece machining accuracy is stabilized.
(3) By preventing uneven wear of the sliding surface 17, it is easy to correct the sliding surface 17.

(4) Since the movement of the headstock 2 is numerically controlled, the movement amount of the headstock 2 can be set by a numerical value or a control code in accordance with the movement of the cutter 21.
(5) By detecting the rotation angle of the cam mechanism 10 and using this to control the movement of the headstock 2, the camshaft speed of the cam mechanism 10 and the movement of the headstock 2 can be synchronized.
(6) Since the movement of the headstock 2 is numerically controlled, the offset value of the position of the headstock 2 can be easily set.

(7) Since the movement command of the headstock 2 can be issued in accordance with the accuracy of the cam mechanism 10, the correction is made numerically on the headstock 2, and the cam mechanism 10 need not be corrected.
(8) Since the workpieces 22 for a plurality of workpieces can be gripped by one chucking, the machining time can be shortened.

Next, a modification of the present embodiment will be described.
FIG. 8 is a view showing a lathe apparatus according to the present modification, in which FIG. 8A shows a side view of the cam portion, and FIG. 8B shows a front view of the lathe apparatus.
As shown in FIG. 8 (b), the lathe 1 is provided with a gear machining base 51 on the base part 5 in addition to the headstock 2 and the tool rest 3. The center table 4 may or may not be provided.
The gear machining table 51 is a unit that forms a gear at the tip of the workpiece 22, and is fixed to the upper surface of the base portion 5.

As shown in FIG. 8A, the gear machining base 51 is formed of an arm 25z, a connecting member 60, a tool holding portion 59, and the like.
The tool holding part 59 can hold various tools, and holds the cutter 53 in this modification.

The cutter 53 has a cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. 8C, and drives and rotates the blade 55 with its axis as the rotation axis.
The gear machining table 51 holds the cutter 53 so that the rotation line of the cutter 53 is perpendicular to the main axis and the cutter 55 is below the workpiece 22.

Thus, the rotating shaft of the cutter 53 functions as an auxiliary shaft with respect to the main shaft. Although the rotation axis of the cutter 53 is perpendicular to the main axis, the present invention is not limited to this, and the gear machining base 51 is configured to hold the cutter 53 so that the rotation axis forms a predetermined angle with the main axis. You can also
In this way, the tool holding portion 59 functions as a rotary blade holding means for holding a blade that rotates around a rotation axis that forms a predetermined angle with the main shaft.

FIG. 8D is an enlarged view of the blade 55.
The blade 55 forms a disk-like rotationally symmetric body, and the axis of symmetry coincides with the rotational axis of the cutter 53.
And the cutting edge is formed in the outer peripheral part of the cutter 55 over the circumference | surroundings, and if the cutter 55 rotates, a cutting function can be exhibited in the outer peripheral part of the cutter 55.
The blade 55 is held such that the plane formed by the cutting edge includes the center line of the workpiece 22, and the cutting blade can cut into the side surface of the workpiece 22 to cut the gear groove in the main axis direction. .

Since the cutter 55 is located on the lower side of the workpiece 22, when the cutter 53 is raised, the lower surface of the workpiece 22 is cut, and when the cutter 53 is lowered, the cutter 55 is separated from the workpiece 22.
When machining the groove of the gear, the lathe 1 raises the cutter 53 and moves the main shaft in the + Z direction while maintaining the rotation angle (that is, stops without rotating) to cut the side surface of the workpiece 22.
When the gear groove is completed, the lathe 1 moves the main shaft in the −Z direction after lowering the cutter 53 and moving it away from the work 22, and moves the main shaft to a predetermined angle (2π / L (L is the gear The next groove is processed in the same way by rotating the number of grooves)).

Next, the mechanism by which the gear machining base 51 moves the cutter 53 up and down will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 9A, in the gear machining table 51, the arm 25 z and the tool holding portion 59 are connected by a connecting member 60.

9A, the tool holding portion 59 is an arrow view in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 8A, and the arm 25z is an arrow view in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 8B. It is a figure.
The arm 25z is pivotally supported by a fulcrum 57, a contact 24z is formed at one end, and a connecting member 60 is pivotally supported at the other end.

  The contact 24z is in contact with the outer periphery of the cam 9z (rotary blade cam) and moves following the shape of the cam 9z. Therefore, when the contact 24z moves up and down following the shape of the cam 9z, the connecting member 60 also moves up and down around the fulcrum 57.

On the other hand, the tool holding part 59 is pivotally supported by the fulcrum 58, the cutter 53 is hold | maintained at one end, and the connection member 60 is pivotally supported by the other end.
For this reason, when the connecting member 60 moves up and down, the cutter 53 also moves up and down around the fulcrum 58.
As shown in FIG. 9A, the cutter 53 and the contact 24z are formed on the same side with respect to the fulcrums 58 and 57, and the connecting member 60 is formed on the side opposite to the fulcrums 58 and 57. 24z and the cutter 53 move up and down in synchronization.
That is, when the contactor 24 is raised, the cutter 53 is also raised, and when the contactor 24 is lowered, the cutter 53 is also lowered.

The cam 9z has a disk shape, and a recess 52 is formed at one location on the outer periphery.
When the contactor 24z comes into contact with the recess 52, the contactor 24 rises, so the cutter 53 also rises. When the contactor 24z comes in contact with a place other than the recess 52, the contactor 24 descends, so the cutter 53 Also descends.
While the workpiece 22 is being machined by the other cams 9a, 9b, 9c,... The mounting angle is set.

FIG. 9B shows a state where the contactor 24z is in contact with the recess 52 and the cutter 53 is raised.
Thus, the cutting of the workpiece 22 is performed in a state where the contact 24z is in contact with the recess 52.
The lathe 1 does not rotate the cam 9z over 360 degrees when machining the gear, and the cam 9z is moved from the position shown in FIG. 9A (that is, from the position where the concave portion 52 and the contact 24z contact each other). The position rotated by the angle θ, the second rotation angle) and the position shown in FIG. 9B (the position where the concave portion 52 and the contact 24z contact each other, the first rotation angle) are alternately repeated.
As described above, the gear machining table 51 functions as a rotary blade moving unit that cuts a workpiece with a rotating blade by moving the rotary blade holding unit.

Next, a procedure in which the lathe 1 processes gears on the workpiece 22 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
The lathe 1 processes the side surface of the workpiece 22 using the cams 9a, 9b, 9c,..., Then stops the main shaft, shifts to the gear machining mode, drives the cutter 53, and rotates the blade 55. Start.
First, the lathe 1 sets the counter j to j = 1 (step 105). j is a parameter for counting the number of processed grooves.

Next, the lathe 1 retreats the spindle by the servo motor 6 (that is, moves in the −Z axis direction), and moves the workpiece 22 to a position where the cutter 55 and the workpiece 22 do not interfere with each other even when the cutter 53 is raised (see FIG. Step 110).
Next, the lathe 1 causes the cam 9z to rotate forward by an angle θ by the cam drive motor 45 to bring the contactor 24 into contact with the recess 52 and raise the cutter 53 (step 115).

Here, the initial position of the cam 9z is assumed to be at a position of the angle θ (the position of FIG. 9A) from the position at which the concave portion 52 contacts the contact 24z.
Although normal rotation and reverse rotation may be defined in any direction, here, the rotation direction in which the right screw advances in the −Z direction is defined as normal rotation.

Next, the lathe 1 advances the spindle by the servo motor 6 (that is, moves in the + Z direction), feeds the workpiece 22 to the cutter 53, and cuts the groove (step 120).
During this time, the spindle motor 11 holds the spindle without rotating it. Alternatively, a braking mechanism such as a brake can be provided so that the main shaft does not rotate.

When the lathe 1 has finished cutting the groove, the cam drive motor 45 reverses the cam 9z by an angle θ to bring the contactor 24 into contact with the portion where the recess 52 is not formed, and lowers the cutter 53 (step 125). ).
Next, the lathe 1 determines whether j is smaller than L (step 130). Here, L is the number of grooves formed in the gear.
If j is smaller than L (step 130; Y), the machining is continued because there are still unprocessed grooves.

In this case, the lathe 1 increments j to j = j + 1 (step 135), rotates the Z axis by a predetermined angle (2π / L) by the spindle motor 11 (step 140), and returns to step 110. The spindle is returned to the original position by the servo motor 6 to process the next groove.
On the other hand, when j reaches L (step 130; N), the lathe 1 stops the cutter 53 and ends the gear cutting.

As described above, the spindle motor 11 (spindle rotating means) sets the rotation angle of the workpiece 22 to a predetermined angle while the cam 9z is held at the first rotation angle (while the groove is cut). While the cam 9z is held at the second rotation angle, the workpiece 22 is rotated by a predetermined angle so that the blade 55 cuts the next cutting point.
The servo motor 6 (main shaft moving means) moves the main shaft in the direction in which the workpiece 22 is fed toward the blade 55 while the cam 9z is held at the first rotation angle, and the cam 9z is While the rotation angle is maintained, the main shaft returns to the position before the movement.
Thus, in this modification, the gear can be cut into the workpiece 22 by using the gear together with the cam mechanism and the numerical control of the main shaft.

By the way, in FIG. 10, in the gear machining process, the cam 9 is reversed and the cutter is machined in step 125, so that the cam 9 is reversed after the last tooth split (machining of the gear groove). It has become.
For this reason, in order to process the next gear, it is necessary to release the workpiece 22 and to rotate the cam 9 in the forward direction.

Therefore, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 11, when performing the last tooth split, the cam 9 can be normally rotated simultaneously with the last tooth split by normally rotating the cam 9 and lowering the cutter. Processing can be speeded up.
Below, this process is demonstrated.

Steps 105 to 125 are the same as those in FIG.
After lowering the cutter in step 125 and performing gear splitting, the lathe 1 determines whether j is less than L-1, that is, whether the number of processed grooves has reached L-1 (step 1). 133).
When j is less than L-1 (that is, when the number of processed grooves has not reached L-1) (step 133; Y), the lathe 1 increments j to 1 as in FIG. Step 135), the Z-axis is rotated by a predetermined angle (Step 140), and the routine proceeds to Step 110.

On the other hand, when j is not less than L-1 (that is, when the number of processed grooves reaches L-1) (step 133; N), the lathe 1 is used to process the last one groove. The Z-axis is moved backward (step 145), and the cam 9 is rotated forward to raise the cutter (step 150).
Next, the lathe 1 advances the Z-axis (step 155), rotates the cam 9 forward to process the cutter, and processes the last groove (step 160).
Through the above steps, the last groove can be finished with the cam 9 rotating forward. This eliminates the need to release the workpiece and rotate the cam 9 forward when performing the next tooth split, and the gear can be processed more efficiently.

Next, a more efficient method for supplying the workpiece 22 and a method for supporting the workpiece 22 will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, when the workpiece 22 is fed out and supplied by the workpiece supply device 12, it is necessary to support the tip of the workpiece 22, which may be supported by the cutter 21 or supported by the center 13 (FIGS. 12A and 12B). reference).
When the workpiece supply force by the workpiece supply device 12 is small and the workpiece supply load is small, the cutter 21 is not damaged even if the workpiece 22 is supported by the cutter 21, so that it is efficient to support the workpiece at the time of supply with the cutter 21. It is effective.
On the other hand, when the work supply load is large, the center 13 is preferably used.

  That is, when the force with which the workpiece supply device 12 supplies the workpiece 22 is small, the cutter 21 is positioned on the spindle 18 and the workpiece 22 supplied by the workpiece supply device 12 is applied to the cutter 21 to define the supply amount. When the workpiece supply device 12 has a large force for supplying the workpiece 22, the workpiece 22 supplied by the workpiece supply device 12 is applied to the center 13 to define the supply amount.

In this way, the workpiece supply device 12 functions as a material feeding unit that feeds out the material of the workpiece, and the blade 21 and the center 13 (supporting unit) function as a contact member that contacts the tip of the material.
And the lathe 1 is provided with the prescription | regulation means which prescribes | regulates the feed amount of the material fed using the workpiece | work supply apparatus 12, the blade 21, and the center 13. FIG.

When the workpiece 22 is processed, the workpiece 22 is supported by the center 13 when necessary.
That is, when the diameter of the workpiece 22 is sufficiently large or the length of the processed portion of the workpiece 22 is short, the workpiece 22 is not supported by the center 13 but is cantilevered by the guide bush 23, and the diameter of the workpiece 22 is small. If the length of the processed portion is long, the tip of the workpiece 22 is supported by the center 13 for processing.
Further, when the length of the processed portion becomes longer during the processing, the tip of the workpiece 22 can be supported by the center 13 from the middle of the processing.

FIG. 12A is a diagram showing a drive mechanism of the center 13.
A support 67 is provided on the base 5 on the + Z side of the tool post 3. A through hole for inserting the center 13 is formed in the column 67, and 64 per degree made of a bar material whose length direction is the Z-axis direction is fixed.

64 per degree defines the limit in the −Z direction when the fixing member 32 moves in the Z-axis direction. When the fixing member 32 moves a predetermined amount in the −Z direction, the fixing member 32 comes into contact with the degree 64 per degree. Movement is restricted.
Since the fixing member 32 is fixed to the center table 4 (not shown), the movement of the center table 4 and the movement of the center 13 are defined by 64 per degree.

The spring 66 functions as a biasing unit that biases the center 13 in the −Z direction, and the biasing force is set to be stronger than the workpiece supply force of the workpiece supply device 12.
The air cylinder 61 can be turned on and off by air pressure, and the force is set to be larger than the biasing force of the spring 66.

Therefore, when the air cylinder 61 is turned on (actuated), the tip of the air cylinder 61 contacts the member 65 and moves it in the + Z direction.
The member 65 is connected to the center 13, and when the member 65 is moved in the + Z direction by the air cylinder 61, the center 13 is also moved in the + Z direction.

A buffer spring 63 for biasing the center 13 in the −Z direction is provided in the vicinity of the tip of the center 13 so as to alleviate an impact when a workpiece 22 (not shown) contacts the center 13.
As described above, when the air cylinder 61 is off (inactive), the center 13 is urged by the spring 66 to the position defined by 64 per degree in the −Z axis direction. When 61 is on, the center 13 moves in the + Z direction.
Thus, the air cylinder 61 functions as an urging release means for releasing the urging by the spring 66.

FIG. 12B is a view showing a state where the workpiece 22 is supported by the guide bush 23 and the tip of the workpiece 22 is cantilevered without being supported.
When the workpiece 22 can be machined in a cantilever manner such as when the workpiece 22 is short or when the workpiece 22 has a sufficiently large diameter, the workpiece 22 can be supported and machined in this way.

  In this case, since it is not necessary to support the workpiece 22 at the center 13, the lathe 1 opens the clamp mechanism 33 to release the connection between the center 13 and the headstock 2, and turns on the air cylinder 61 to turn the center 13 to + Z. Move in the direction.

FIG. 12 (c) is a view showing the workpiece 22 being processed by being supported by the guide bush 23 and the center 13.
In the case where it is difficult to process the workpiece 22 in a cantilever manner such as when the workpiece 22 is long or when the workpiece 22 has a small diameter, the workpiece 22 is supported in this way.

  In this case, when the lathe 1 processes the workpiece 22, the air cylinder 61 is turned off to move the center 13 to the position of 64 per degree, and the clamp mechanism 33 is closed to connect the headstock 2 and the center 13. The workpiece 22 is held by the guide bush 23 and the center 13, and the workpiece 22 is processed by the cutter 21.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining an automatic cycle performed by the lathe 1 when positioning is performed by supporting the tip of the work 22 with the blade 21 when the work 22 is supplied.
In the following flowchart, the counter k is a parameter for counting the number of times that the workpiece supply device 12 has supplied the workpiece 22, and M is the number of times that the workpiece supply device 12 feeds the workpiece 22.
The parameter N is the number of workpieces to be processed with respect to one feeding of the workpiece 22, and the counter i is a parameter for counting the number of workpieces processed after the workpiece 22 is supplied.

First, the operator sets the bar to be the workpiece 22 on the lathe 1 and then starts the lathe 1 in the same manner as in the flowchart of FIG.
At this time, when the operator also performs partial correction of the numerical control program and correction of timing by the offset function, the lathe 1 rotates the spindle 18 (step 200) and initializes the counter k to 0 (step 205). ).
Next, the lathe 1 causes the camshaft 16 and the headstock 2 to stand by at a predetermined reference position (step 210), and opens the chuck 27 (step 215).

At the reference position of the camshaft 16, the cutter 21 is positioned on the central axis of the main shaft 18 so that the work 22 to be fed hits the cutter 21 and is positioned.
Alternatively, after the cam shaft 16 is moved to the reference position, the cam shaft 16 may be rotated and moved so that the cutter 21 for positioning the workpiece 22 is positioned on the central axis of the main shaft 18.

Next, the lathe 1 returns the position of the headstock 2 to a position where the workpiece 22 for machining N workpieces can be supplied (the cutting origin—the size of the workpiece in the Z direction × N) (step 220). ), The workpiece supply device 12 is driven to supply the workpiece 22 (step 225).
When the supplied workpiece 22 hits the cutter 21, the feeding of the workpiece 22 is limited by this (that is, the tip of the workpiece 22 hits the cutter 21 and the supply of the workpiece 22 stops), and it is necessary to process N workpieces. The correct amount is paid out.
When the supply of the workpiece 22 is completed, the lathe 1 closes the chuck 27 and grips the workpiece 22 (step 230).

Next, following the flowchart of FIG. 14 (the following part is indicated by A surrounded by a circle), the lathe 1 initializes the counter i to 0 (step 235) and starts the rotation of the camshaft 16. (Step 240), the workpiece 22 is machined (Step 245).
When the lathe 1 processes the workpiece 22, the clamp mechanism 33 is closed as necessary (step 250), the air cylinder 61 is turned off, and the tip of the workpiece 22 is supported by the center 13 to process the workpiece 22. (Step 255).
In this case, when the lathe 1 finishes the machining, the lathe 1 opens the clamp mechanism 33 (step 260), and releases the connection between the headstock 2 and the center 13.

For example, when the length of the workpiece 22 is long, the lathe 1 supports the workpiece 22 at the center 13 from the beginning of the machining, and when the length of the workpiece 22 increases as the machining is performed, the center 13 is in the middle of the machining. To support the work 22.
The timing of supporting or not supporting is defined by the numerical control program.

  In this way, the connecting means for connecting the center 13 and the headstock 2 is a gripping means (the spindle provided with the chuck 27) when the biasing means (spring 66) biases the workpiece (workpiece 22). The base 2) is connected to the support means (center 13) and is not connected when the bias is released by the bias release means (air cylinder 61).

When the lathe 1 finishes the machining of the workpiece 22, the lathe 1 cuts the workpiece by parting off.
Then, the lathe 1 causes the camshaft 16 to wait (step 265) and increments the counter i by 1 (step 270).
Next, the lathe 1 determines whether there is a stop command, for example, when there is a stop operation from the operator (step 275). If there is a stop command (step 275; present), the lathe 1 Then, all the axes are stopped to enter a standby state (step 295).

On the other hand, if there is no stop command (step 275; none), the lathe 1 determines whether i is less than N (step 280), and if it is less than N (step 280; Y), the lathe 1 is processed. Since the number of workpieces has not reached N, the lathe 1 moves to the process of step 240 and manufactures the next workpiece.
If it is not less than N (step 280; N), since the number of processed products has reached N, the lathe 1 increments the counter k by 1 (step 285).

Then, the lathe 1 determines whether k is less than M (step 290). If the k is less than M (step 290; Y), the number of times the workpiece 22 is supplied has not reached M times, so the lathe 1 Shifts to the process of step 215 in the flowchart of FIG. 13 (the subsequent portion is indicated by a circled), and the workpiece 22 is supplied.
On the other hand, if it is not less than M (step 290; N), since the number of times the workpiece 22 has been supplied has reached M times, the lathe 1 stops all axes and enters a standby state (step 295).

FIG. 15 is a flowchart for explaining an automatic cycle performed by the lathe 1 when positioning is performed by supporting the tip of the workpiece 22 at the center 13 when the workpiece 22 is supplied.
Steps 200 to 210 are the same as those in the flowchart of FIG.
The lathe 1 waits for the camshaft 16 and the headstock 2 at the reference position in step 210, then opens the clamp mechanism 33 (step 212), turns off the air cylinder 61, and moves the center 13 in the direction of the workpiece 22 (-Z direction). ) (Step 213).

Then, the lathe 1 performs spindle head position return (step 220) and workpiece supply (step 225) as in the flowchart of FIG.
In this case, the supply amount of the workpiece 22 is defined when the tip of the workpiece 22 hits the tip of the center 13.
Thereafter, the lathe 1 closes the chuck 27 (step 230), turns on the air cylinder 61, and retracts the center 13 in the + Z direction (step 232).
Thereafter, the lathe 1 performs machining according to the flowchart of FIG.

Next, a further modification of the present embodiment will be described.
The cams 9a, 9b,... Shown in FIG. 1 (not shown after the cam 9b) are fixed to the camshaft 16 by bolts with their relative positions aligned by marking lines. ing.
If the relative mounting angles of these cams 9 are shifted, a machining error occurs, and the shape of the processed product is different from that originally designed.

Conventionally, the mounting and position adjustment of the cam 9 has been performed by a skilled worker adjusting the mounting angle of the cam 9 by actually matching the position of each cam 9 while processing the material, that is, while looking at the processing shape. .
In this modification, the deviation of the mounting angle of each cam 9 is input to the numerical control program, and the movement of the headstock 2 is corrected according to the cam 9.
This eliminates the need for a skilled worker to finely adjust the position of the cam 9 on the cam shaft 16 and allows an ordinary worker to easily perform correction.
When performing high-precision machining, it is usually attached to severe so that the deviation is almost 0 ° (usually within a tolerance of about ± 0.1 °), but by using the function of this modification, Even a deviation of around 0.5 ° can be corrected by an offset.

First, a method for detecting a shift in the mounting angle of each cam 9 will be described.
The displacement of the mounting angle of the cam 9 is based on any one of the cams 9 (here, referred to as the cam 9a), and the displacement of the angle relative to the reference cam 9 is detected by the encoder.
In more detail, it is as follows. The operator can change the angle of the encoder numerically on the operation panel 42 (FIG. 5).

First, the cam shaft 16 is rotated using an encoder so that the angle of the marking line of the cam 9a is obtained.
At this time, if the contact 24a (FIG. 1A) matches the marking line, it can be determined that there is no mounting displacement of the cam 9a. If it does not coincide with the marking line, the camshaft 16 is rotated to a position where the contact 24a and the marking line match.
The difference between the encoder value at this time and the angle indicated by the marking line corresponds to the displacement of the mounting angle of the cam 9a.
The above operation is also performed for the other cams 9, and the displacement of the mounting angle can be detected for all the cams 9.

FIG. 16 is a timing chart showing the movement of the blades 21 and the like when the mounting angle of the cam 9 is offset by a numerical control program.
In this example, the mounting angle of the cam 9b is deviated by -1 ° with respect to the standard mounting angle, and this is set as an offset value in the numerical control program so that the movement of the headstock 2 is matched with the displacement of the cam 9b. The case where it correct | amends is shown.
As a result, the timing of movement of the headstock 2 is corrected and coincides with the movement of the blade 21b.

A solid line 301 represents the movement of the blade 21b when there is no deviation in the attachment angle of the cam 9b, and a broken line 302 represents the movement of the blade 21b when the offset value of the attachment angle of the cam 9b is -1 °. ing.
As shown in the figure, since the mounting angle of the cam 9b is shifted by -1 °, the movement of the blade 21b is also delayed by 1 °.

On the other hand, the solid line 303 represents the movement of the headstock 2 (main shaft 18) when there is no deviation in the mounting angle of the cam 9b, and the broken line 304 represents the offset of the movement of the headstock 2 according to the mounting angle of the cam 9. It represents the movement when
In addition, since it is difficult to discriminate if both are described in the column of the headstock 2 of the timing chart, they are described outside the column.
As shown in the figure, the movement timing of the headstock 2 matches the actual cam 9b.
This is because, when the cam 9b performs a machining process, the controller 41 advances the movement of the headstock 2 by + 1 °, so that the headhead 2 moves by incorporating a shift in the mounting angle of the cam 9b. is there.

  If the movement of the headstock 2 is offset, the movement of the next cam 9 (for example, the cam 9c) and the movement of the headstock 2 may not be synchronized, but there is sufficient play for the mounting angle of each cam 9. And a shift due to the offset of the movement of the headstock 2 is absorbed in the play section while the work moves from the cam 9b to the next cam 9.

Next, the relationship between the mounting state of the cam 9 and the numerical control program will be described using the table in FIG.
The item “blade” represents each blade 21 attached to the lathe 1.
The item “cam” is a cam 9 that drives the blade 21. As illustrated, the blade 21 is driven by one or a plurality of cams 9.
In the illustrated example, the blade 21a is driven by a cam 9a, and the blade 21b is driven by a cam 9b and a cam 9c.

The item “numerical control program” represents the logical structure of the numerical control program. “Process number”, “Offset”, “Step number”, “Cam shaft angle”, “Spindle travel”, “Cam shaft” It consists of items such as “speed”.
The item “process number” is a number assigned to the process. The process is a group of operations performed by the cam 9 driving the blade 21, and each process is composed of finer steps.

The item “step number” represents the number of the step constituting the process. That is, each process is composed of steps that are smaller work units.
In the example of the figure, the process 1 includes steps 1 to 5 and the process 2 includes steps 6 and 7.
Generally, the process i is composed of Step N (i−1) +1 to Step Ni.

The item “offset” represents a shift in the mounting angle of the cam 9, that is, an offset value. The cam 9a is a reference for angle measurement, and therefore the offset value is zero.
The cam 9b is offset by + 0.2 ° with respect to the cam 9a, and the cam 9c is offset by −0.1 ° with respect to the cam 9a.
These offset values are input by the operator from the operation panel 42 (FIG. 5).
In general, the offset value of step i will be expressed as αi.

In the illustrated example, the cam 9a is associated with the process 1, and the offset value 0 ° of the cam 9a is set as the correction value α1 of the process 1. Accordingly, the correction value α1 is applied to Step 1 to Step 5 of the process 1.
Similarly, the cam 9n is associated with the process i, and the offset value αi of the cam 9n is set as the correction value αi of the process i. As a result, the correction value αi is applied to step N (i−1) +1 to step Ni of step i.

The item “cam shaft angle” is an angle for rotating the cam shaft 16. For example, since the camshaft angle in Step 2 of Step 1 is 10 ° and Step 1 is 0 °, the lathe 1 moves the camshaft 16 from 0 ° when moving from Step 1 to Step 2. Rotate to 10 °.
The item “spindle movement amount” is an amount by which the headstock 2 is moved. For example, the amount of movement of the spindle in step 3 of process 1 is −2.5 [mm], and the lathe 1 moves the spindle stock 2 to −2.5 [mm] when moving from step 2 to step 3. Move.
The item “camshaft speed” is a speed at which the camshaft 16 is rotated, and its unit is [° / second].

In the numerical control program configured as described above, the controller 41 (FIG. 5) offsets the “camshaft angle”, which is the reference for movement of the headstock 2 by the correction value, by the code of each step belonging to the process. Then, the headstock 2 is moved.
As a result, the headstock 2 moves with the operation timing offset by an amount corresponding to the offset value of the cam 9.

For example, when there is no deviation in the mounting angle of the cam 9, the movement of the headstock 2 is started with the code of a certain step when the angle of the cam shaft 16 is Dx1, and Vz = (Dz / Dx) × Vx. It is assumed that the headstock 2 is defined to move at a speed of (Expression 2). However, Dx is an angle of the cam shaft 16 and is described by an absolute coordinate system.
In this code, if the movement of the headstock 2 is started when Dx1 + αi, and (Expression 2) is Vz = {Dz / (Dx + αi)} × Vx (Expression 3), the movement of the headstock 2 Is offset by αi.
If the code is described in a relative coordinate system, it is converted to absolute coordinates and correction is performed.

  As described above, in this modification, the controller 41 moves the spindle 18 by moving the spindle 18 by executing a numerical control program for controlling the movement amount of the spindle 18 based on the detected rotation angle. The controller 41 functions as a spindle moving means for moving in the Z direction. Further, the controller 41 includes an offset value acquisition means for acquiring an offset value for the rotation angle of the cam 9 according to αi set by the operator, and the numerical control program. Further, an offset means for offsetting the movement of the spindle 18 by an amount corresponding to the acquired offset value is provided by, for example, Expression 3.

Further, there are a plurality of cams 9 in the lathe 1, and the controller 41 acquires the offset value for each cam 9 by receiving the setting of αi by the offset value acquisition means.
The controller 41 includes an association means for associating the movement of the main shaft 18 with the cam 9 by associating αi with the process number in the numerical control program. The amount corresponding to the offset value acquired for the cam 9 associated with the movement is offset by, for example, Expression 3.

Next, an offset process procedure performed by the controller 41 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
First, the operator measures the deviation of the mounting angle of each cam 9 and inputs the deviation of the angle of each cam 9 from the operation panel 42 to the controller 41.
In addition, the operator inputs correspondence between the cam 9 and the process of the numerical control program from the operation panel 42 to the controller 41.

On the other hand, the controller 41 receives an input of an offset value for each cam 9 and stores it in a storage device such as a RAM, and further receives an input corresponding to an offset value and a process and stores it in the storage device (step 300). ).
Next, the controller 41 initializes the process number i and the step number j to 1 (step 305).

Next, the controller 41 determines whether i is M or less (step 310). Here, M is the maximum value of the process number, and it is confirmed whether offset values have been set for all M.
When i is larger than M (step 310; N), since the offset processing has been performed for all steps, the controller 41 ends the offset processing.

When i is M or less (step 310; Y), the controller 41 sets j to N (i−1) +1 (step 315).
Here, N (i−1) is the step number of the last step of the process number N (i−1), and N (i−1) +1 indicates the step number of the smallest step of the process number i. ing. However, N0 = 0.

Next, the controller 41 confirms whether j is Ni or less (step 320). Here, Ni is the step number of the last step of the process number i, and it is confirmed whether or not the offset is set for all the steps of the process number i.
When j is larger than Ni (step 320; N), since the offset is set for all the steps of the process number i, the controller 41 increments i by 1 (step 325) and returns to step 310.

On the other hand, if j is Ni or less (step 320; Y), the controller 41 offsets the movement of the camshaft 16 by αi by setting Dxj to Dxj + αi in the code of step number j (step 330). Here, Dxj is the angle Dx of the camshaft 16 in step j.
Then, the controller 41 increments j by 1 (step 335) and returns to step 320.
By the above procedure, correction according to the mounting angle of the cam 9 can be performed for all steps.

Next, a processing procedure performed by the lathe 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
First, the controller 41 accepts selection of whether to execute a numerical control program that has already been set or a new numerical control program from the operator using the operation panel 42 (step 350).
When the numerical control program that has already been set is executed (step 350; N), the controller 41 reads cam data (such as cam 9 association and offset value) related to the numerical control program from the storage device (step 360). ).

  On the other hand, when executing a new numerical control program (step 350; Y), the controller 41 reads the numerical control program through a storage device, for example, a storage medium such as a flexible disk, or via a network. (Step 355).

Next, the controller 41 receives an association between the cam 9 and the step and an input of an offset value for each cam 9 from the operator (step 365). This step corresponds to step 5 in the flowchart of FIG.
When these associations and offset values are set, the controller 41 calculates correction data (step 370). This step corresponds to step 10 to step 40 in the flowchart of FIG.

As described above, after the controller 41 completes the reading of the stored data (step 60) or the calculation of the correction data is completed (step 370), the operator presses the start button on the operation panel 42. Is started (step 375), and the lathe 1 is operated according to the numerical control program (step 380).
Then, when all the numerical control programs are executed, the controller 41 ends the operation of the lathe 1 (step 385).

In the numerical control program, the operation speed of the lathe 1 can be set. The controller 41 calculates this after step 375 and operates the lathe 1 at the speed.
This can be used as an alternative to the override function when the lathe 1 does not have an override function (a function for operating the lathe 1 by changing the speed specified by the numerical control program by a specified ratio).
The override function is used, for example, when the lathe 1 is idling at a rapid feed in order to confirm the numerical control program.

The following effects can be obtained by this modification described above.
(1) Even when the mounting angle of the cam 9 with respect to the cam shaft 16 is deviated, the deviation can be set in the numerical control program as an offset value. As a result, it is not necessary to finely adjust the mounting position of the cam 9 on the cam shaft 16, and the deviation of the cam 9 can be corrected quickly and easily.
(2) The correspondence between the cam 9 and the step can be set by dividing the step of the numerical control program into a group corresponding to the cam 9 according to the process number. Thereby, the offset value of the cam 9 can be reflected in the corresponding step. As described above, the mounting angle can be adjusted by numerical input without re-mounting the cam 9.
(3) Since the work of examining and correcting the deviation of the mounting angle of each cam 9 is similar to the concept of a conventional cam type lathe that has moved the headstock 2 with the cam 9, the worker familiar with the conventional machine Is easy to work with.

In the present embodiment described above, the following configuration can be provided.
That is, a spindle provided with gripping means for gripping the workpiece on the axis, a spindle rotating means for rotating the spindle, a spindle moving means for moving the spindle in the axial direction by numerical control, and the workpiece A blade holding means for holding a cutting tool, a blade moving means for moving the blade holding means in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft, following the shape of the rotating cam, and a cam rotating means for rotating the cam. And a lathe device characterized by comprising (first configuration).
In the first configuration, rotation angle detection means for detecting a rotation angle of the cam may be provided, and the spindle movement means may be configured to move the spindle based on the detected rotation angle (first). 2 configuration).
In the first configuration or the second configuration, the main shaft moving means is configured to apply a force for moving the main shaft in a direction parallel to the axis in a vertical plane including the axis of the main shaft. It is also possible (third configuration).
In the first configuration, the second configuration, or the third configuration, a distance between the support unit that supports the workpiece from the side facing the gripping unit, the gripping unit, and the support unit is predetermined. It is also possible to comprise a coupling means for coupling at a distance of (4th configuration).
4th structure WHEREIN: The said connection means can also be comprised so that the length to connect may be comprised by the length unit of the workpiece cut from the said workpiece (5th). Configuration).
In any one of the configurations from the first configuration to the fifth configuration, a rotary blade holding means for holding a blade that rotates around a rotation shaft that forms a predetermined angle with the main shaft, and the rotating blade A rotary blade moving means for moving the rotary blade holding means when cutting the workpiece can also be configured (sixth configuration).
In the sixth configuration, the rotary blade moving means may be configured to move the rotating blade following the shape of the rotating rotary blade cam (seventh configuration).
In the seventh configuration, the rotary blade cam is set with a first rotation angle at which the rotating blade cuts into the workpiece and a second rotation angle at which the rotating blade is separated from the workpiece. The cam rotating means can be configured to alternately rotate the rotation angle of the rotary blade cam between the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle (eighth configuration). .
In the eighth configuration, the spindle rotating means holds the rotation angle of the workpiece at a predetermined angle while the rotary blade cam is held at the first rotation angle, While the cam is held at the second rotation angle, the workpiece can be rotated by a predetermined angle so that the rotating blade cuts the next cutting point (the ninth angle). Configuration).
In a ninth configuration, the spindle moving means moves the spindle in a direction in which the workpiece is fed toward the rotating cutter while the rotary cutter cam is held at the first rotation angle. It can also be configured to move and return the main shaft to the position before movement while the rotary blade cam is held at the second rotation angle (tenth configuration).
In any one of the configurations from the first configuration to the fifth configuration, the blade holding means includes blade rotation means for rotating the held blade around a rotation axis that forms a predetermined angle with the main shaft. It can also comprise so that it may comprise (11th structure).
In the fourth configuration or the fifth configuration, comprising: a biasing unit that biases the support unit to the workpiece; and a bias release unit that releases biasing by the biasing unit, The connecting means connects the gripping means and the support means when the biasing means biases the workpiece, and does not connect when the biasing is released by the bias releasing means. The twelfth configuration can also be configured (a twelfth configuration).
In the fourth configuration, the fifth configuration, or the twelfth configuration, the feeding amount is defined by bringing the material feeding means for feeding the material of the workpiece and the tip of the fed material into contact with the abutting member. It is also possible to configure to include a defining means (a thirteenth configuration).
In the thirteenth configuration, the contact member may be the held blade or the support means (fourteenth configuration).

It is the figure which showed the lathe apparatus of this Embodiment. It is the figure which showed an example of the processed goods processed with the lathe apparatus of this Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating a connection mechanism. It is a figure for demonstrating the workpiece | work supply method using a connection mechanism. It is a block diagram showing a control system of a lathe typically. It is the figure which showed an example of the timing chart. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the automatic cycle operation | movement of the lathe apparatus of this Embodiment. It is the figure which showed the lathe apparatus which concerns on this modification. It is a figure for demonstrating the mechanism in which a gear processing stand moves a cutter up and down. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the procedure which processes a gearwheel. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the modification of the procedure which processes a gearwheel. It is a figure for demonstrating the supply method of the efficient workpiece | work, a support method, etc. FIG. It is a flowchart in the case of supporting a workpiece | work with a cutter. It is a continuation of the flowchart in the case of supporting a workpiece | work with a cutter. It is a flowchart in the case of supporting a workpiece at the center. It is a timing chart showing movement of each blade etc. when the attachment angle of a cam is offset by a numerical control program. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between the attachment condition of a cam, and a numerical control program. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the procedure of the offset process which a controller performs. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the procedure of the process which a lathe performs. It is the figure which showed the conventional lathe apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lathe 2 Spindle table 3 Tool stand 4 Center stand 5 Base part 6 Servo motor 7 Ball screw 8 Nut 9 Cam 10 Cam mechanism 11 Spindle motor 12 Work supply device 13 Center 15 Gear part 16 Cam shaft 17 Sliding surface 18 Spindle 21 Cutting tool 22 Workpiece 23 Guide bush 24 Contact 25 Arm 27 Chuck 31 Connecting rod 32 Fixing member 33 Clamp mechanism 41 Controller 42 Operation panel 51 Gear processing table 52 Concavity 53 Cutter 55 Cutting tool 59 Tool holding part 61 Air cylinder 61
63 shock absorbing spring 64 degrees per 65 members 66 springs 67 struts

Claims (11)

A spindle equipped with gripping means for gripping the workpiece on the axis;
A spindle rotating means for rotating the spindle;
A blade holding means for holding a blade for cutting the workpiece;
A blade moving means for moving the blade holding means in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft, following the shape of the rotating cam;
Cam rotating means for rotating the cam;
Rotation angle detection means for detecting the rotation angle of the cam;
Spindle moving means for moving the spindle in the axial direction by numerical control by executing a numerical control program for controlling the movement amount of the spindle on the basis of the detected rotation angle;
An offset value acquisition means for acquiring an offset value with respect to the rotation angle of the cam;
In the numerical control program, offset means for offsetting the timing of moving the spindle by an amount corresponding to the acquired offset value;
A lathe device characterized by comprising: There are a plurality of the cams,
The offset value acquisition means acquires an offset value for each cam,
In the numerical control program, the numerical control program includes association means for associating the cam and the movement of the spindle,
The lathe device according to claim 1, wherein the offset means offsets the movement of the main shaft by an amount corresponding to the acquired offset value with respect to the cam associated with the movement.   The main shaft moving means causes the force for moving the main shaft to act in a direction parallel to the axis in a vertical plane including the axis of the main shaft. Lathe device. Support means for supporting the workpiece from the side facing the gripping means;
A connecting means for connecting the holding means and the support means while maintaining a predetermined distance;
The lathe device according to claim 1, 2, or 3.   The lathe device according to claim 4, wherein the connecting means is configured to be able to adjust the length to be connected in units of length of a workpiece to be cut from the workpiece. Rotary blade holding means for holding a blade that rotates around a rotation axis that forms a predetermined angle with the main shaft;
A rotary blade moving means for moving the rotary blade holding means when cutting the workpiece with the rotating blade;
A lathe device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lathe device is provided.   The lathe device according to claim 6, wherein the rotary blade moving means moves the rotating blade following the shape of the rotating rotary blade cam. In the rotary blade cam, a first rotation angle at which the rotating blade cuts into the workpiece and a second rotation angle at which the rotating blade is separated from the workpiece are set,
The lathe device according to claim 7, wherein the cam rotation means rotates the rotation angle of the rotary blade cam alternately between the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle. The spindle rotating means holds the rotation angle of the workpiece at a predetermined angle while the rotary blade cam is held at the first rotation angle.
While the rotary blade cam is held at the second rotation angle, the workpiece is rotated by a predetermined angle so that the rotating blade cuts a next cutting point. Item 9. A lathe device according to item 8.   The main shaft moving means moves the main shaft in a direction of feeding the workpiece toward the rotating blade while the rotary blade cam is held at the first rotation angle. The lathe apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the main shaft is returned to a position before the movement while the cam is held at the second rotation angle.   6. The blade holding means includes blade rotating means for rotating the held blade around a rotation axis that forms a predetermined angle with the main shaft. A lathe device according to claim 1.

Images