JP5059623B2 - プロセッサ及び命令プリフェッチ方法 - Google Patents
プロセッサ及び命令プリフェッチ方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
- G06F9/38—Concurrent instruction execution, e.g. pipeline or look ahead
- G06F9/3836—Instruction issuing, e.g. dynamic instruction scheduling or out of order instruction execution
- G06F9/3842—Speculative instruction execution
- G06F9/3844—Speculative instruction execution using dynamic branch prediction, e.g. using branch history tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
- G06F9/38—Concurrent instruction execution, e.g. pipeline or look ahead
- G06F9/3802—Instruction prefetching
- G06F9/3804—Instruction prefetching for branches, e.g. hedging, branch folding
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Description
10−成立が弱く予測される
01−不成立が弱く予測される
00−不成立が強く予測される
前記カウンタは、対応する分岐命令が「成立」と評価するごとに数字が増え、前記命令が「不成立」と評価するごとに数字が減る。この数字の増加/減少は、0b11において増加が停止したときに、及び0b00において減少が停止したときに「飽和する」。従って、分岐予測は、結果(成立又は不成立)だけでなく、前記予測の強度又は信頼度を示す重み付け係数も含む。
110−成立が強く予測される
101−成立が予測される
100−成立が中程度で予測される
011−不成立が中程度で予測される
010−不成立が予測される
001−不成立が強く予測される
000−不成立が非常に強く予測される
当然のことであるが、これらのラベルは参照専用であり、前記カウンタの2進値は、分岐予測信頼度を決定し、範囲のいずれかの端部に向かうほど信頼度が高く、範囲の中央に向かうほど信頼度が低くなる。
Claims (10)
- 命令実行パイプラインと、メモリサブシステムに結合された命令キャッシュと、飽和カウンタに基づいて、条件付き分岐命令に関する分岐条件の評価を予測して、前記飽和カウンタから重み付き分岐予測値を出力するように動作可能な分岐予測機構と、前記重み付き分岐予測値と、前記プリフェッチが前記命令キャッシュ内でヒットするかどうか、に応答して、前記命令キャッシュから命令を選択的にプリフェッチするとともに、命令キャッシュミスの場合に前記メモリサブシステムから前記命令をプリフェッチするように動作する命令プリフェッチ機構とを具備するプロセッサであって、
前記命令プリフェッチ機構は、弱い重み付き分岐予測およびキャッシュミスの場合には、前記分岐条件が前記命令実行パイプラインにおいて評価されるまで停止され、これによって、前記メモリサブシステムからの命令のプリフェッチを停止し、前記命令プリフェッチ機構は、強い重み付き分岐予測の場合あるいは前記弱い重み付き分岐予測および命令キャッシュヒットの場合において実行されるプロセッサ。 - 前記飽和カウンタの出力を少なくとも1つの静的予測と結合させて前記重み付き分岐予測値を生成することをさらに具備する請求項1に記載のプロセッサ。
- 前記飽和カウンタは、nビットを具備し、
強い重み付き予測を、nの全ビットが一致する予測であると定義することと、
弱い重み付き予測を、いずれかのビットが一致しない予測であると定義すること、とをさらに具備する請求項1に記載のプロセッサ。 - 前記飽和カウンタは、2つ以上のビットを具備し、
強い重み付き予測を、前記2つの最上位ビットが一致する予測であると定義することと、
弱い重み付き予測を、前記2つの最上位ビットが一致しない予測であると定義すること、とをさらに具備する請求項1に記載のプロセッサ。 - 前記飽和カウンタは、nビットの2進カウンタを具備し、
強い重み付き予測を、N以下でさらに(2n−1)−N以上のカウンタ値であると定義することと、
弱い重み付き予測を、Nよりも大きくさらに(2n−1)−N未満のカウンタ値であると定義すること、とをさらに具備し、Nは、(2n/2)−2以下の負でない整数である、請求項1に記載のプロセッサ。 - 命令キャッシュから命令をプリフェッチするとともに、命令キャッシュミスの場合にはプロセッサ内のメモリサブシステムから命令をプリフェッチする方法であって、
命令実行パイプラインにおいて命令を実行することと、
飽和カウンタに基づいて条件付き分岐命令に関する分岐条件の評価を予測して、前記飽和カウンタからの重み付き分岐予測値を提供することと、
メモリサブシステムに結合された命令キャッシュから選択的に命令をプリフェッチすることと、
弱い重み付き分岐予測およびキャッシュミスの場合には、前記分岐条件が前記命令実行パイプラインにおいて評価されるまで、前記メモリサブシステムからの命令のプリフェッチを停止することと、
強い重み付き分岐予測あるいは弱い重み付き分岐予測および命令キャッシュヒットの場合には、前記命令をプリフェッチすることと、
を具備する命令プリフェッチ方法。 - 前記飽和カウンタの出力を少なくとも1つの静的予測と結合させて前記重み付き分岐予測値を生成することをさらに具備する請求項6に記載の命令プリフェッチ方法。
- 強い重み付き予測を、nビット飽和カウンタのnの全ビットが一致する予測であると定義することと、
弱い重み付き予測を、前記nビット飽和カウンタのいずれかのビットが一致しない予測であると定義すること、とをさらに具備する請求項6に記載の命令プリフェッチ方法。 - 前記飽和カウンタは、2つ以上のビットを具備し、
強い重み付き予測を、2つ以上のビットからなる前記飽和カウンタの前記2つの最上位ビットが一致する予測であると定義することと、
弱い重み付き予測を、前記飽和カウンタの前記2つの最上位ビットが一致しない予測であると定義すること、とをさらに具備する請求項6に記載の命令プリフェッチ方法。 - 強い重み付き予測を、nビットの2進カウンタからなる前記飽和カウンタに基づいて、N以下でさらに(2n−1)−N以上のカウンタ値であると定義することと、
弱い重み付き予測を、前記飽和カウンタに基づいて、Nよりも大きくさらに(2n−1)−N未満のカウンタ値であると定義すること、とをさらに具備し、Nは、(2n/2)−2以下の負でない整数である、請求項6に記載の命令プリフェッチ方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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US11/050,932 | 2005-02-03 | ||
US11/050,932 US7587580B2 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2005-02-03 | Power efficient instruction prefetch mechanism |
PCT/US2006/006993 WO2006084288A2 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2006-02-03 | Instruction prefetch mechanism |
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JP2012045190A Division JP5335946B2 (ja) | 2005-02-03 | 2012-03-01 | 電力的に効率的な命令プリフェッチ機構 |
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JP2008529191A JP2008529191A (ja) | 2008-07-31 |
JP5059623B2 true JP5059623B2 (ja) | 2012-10-24 |
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JP2007554361A Expired - Fee Related JP5059623B2 (ja) | 2005-02-03 | 2006-02-03 | プロセッサ及び命令プリフェッチ方法 |
JP2012045190A Expired - Fee Related JP5335946B2 (ja) | 2005-02-03 | 2012-03-01 | 電力的に効率的な命令プリフェッチ機構 |
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US (2) | US7587580B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP2431868B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP5059623B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100944139B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100547542C (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2596865A1 (ja) |
IL (1) | IL184986A0 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2375745C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006084288A2 (ja) |
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US7587580B2 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2009-09-08 | Qualcomm Corporated | Power efficient instruction prefetch mechanism |
US20070186050A1 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2007-08-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | Self prefetching L2 cache mechanism for data lines |
US7337272B2 (en) * | 2006-05-01 | 2008-02-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for caching variable length instructions |
US8341383B2 (en) * | 2007-11-02 | 2012-12-25 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and a system for accelerating procedure return sequences |
US8874884B2 (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2014-10-28 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Selective writing of branch target buffer when number of instructions in cache line containing branch instruction is less than threshold |
-
2005
- 2005-02-03 US US11/050,932 patent/US7587580B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2006
- 2006-02-03 CA CA002596865A patent/CA2596865A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-02-03 WO PCT/US2006/006993 patent/WO2006084288A2/en active Application Filing
- 2006-02-03 JP JP2007554361A patent/JP5059623B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-03 CN CNB2006800089926A patent/CN100547542C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-03 KR KR1020077019940A patent/KR100944139B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-02-03 EP EP11194058.1A patent/EP2431868B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-02-03 RU RU2007132861/09A patent/RU2375745C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-02-03 EP EP06736335A patent/EP1851621B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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2007
- 2007-08-01 IL IL184986A patent/IL184986A0/en unknown
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Also Published As
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EP1851621A2 (en) | 2007-11-07 |
IL184986A0 (en) | 2007-12-03 |
EP2431868A2 (en) | 2012-03-21 |
EP1851621B1 (en) | 2013-04-03 |
JP2008529191A (ja) | 2008-07-31 |
RU2375745C2 (ru) | 2009-12-10 |
JP2012150824A (ja) | 2012-08-09 |
US8661229B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 |
CN100547542C (zh) | 2009-10-07 |
US20090210663A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
JP5335946B2 (ja) | 2013-11-06 |
KR100944139B1 (ko) | 2010-02-24 |
EP2431868A3 (en) | 2013-01-02 |
US20060174090A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
WO2006084288A2 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
WO2006084288A3 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
RU2007132861A (ru) | 2009-03-10 |
CA2596865A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
KR20070108209A (ko) | 2007-11-08 |
CN101147127A (zh) | 2008-03-19 |
EP2431868B1 (en) | 2018-10-03 |
US7587580B2 (en) | 2009-09-08 |
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