JP5054995B2 - Fish bun and its manufacturing method. - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、旨味の強化された高品質の魚節及びその製造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a high quality fish clause with enhanced umami and a method for producing the same.
魚節由来の旨味は通常出汁として抽出され各種料理に利用されている。旨味の強い魚節を作るために、魚節製造業者は、原料の質、鮮度、製造工程にこだわり、少しでも美味しく高品質な魚節を製造するために、生産活動において様々の工夫を行っている。しかしながら、原料魚類が天産物ゆえ質、鮮度、量等にバラツキがあり、安定した品質を保つことに苦労しているのが現状である。魚節由来の旨味はイノシン酸とアミノ酸の相乗効果によって生み出されているが、安定した旨みを得るために、アミノ酸を増やすことによって魚節類の旨味を強くする方法が多数開発されている(特許文献1、特許文献2、特許文献3、特許文献4、特許文献5参照)。 Umami-derived umami is usually extracted as soup and used in various dishes. In order to produce a strong-flavored fish bun, the fish bun manufacturer is committed to the quality, freshness, and production process of the raw materials, and has made various efforts in production activities to produce a slightly delicious and high-quality fish bun. Yes. However, since raw fish are natural products, there are variations in quality, freshness, quantity, etc., and it is difficult to maintain stable quality. The umami derived from fish bun is produced by the synergistic effect of inosinic acid and amino acids, but in order to obtain a stable umami, many methods have been developed to increase the umami of fish buns by increasing the amino acids (patents). Reference 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4, and Patent Document 5).
また、アミノ酸の多い鰹節を製造する方法としてプロテアーゼを利用した方法が知られている(特許文献6、特許文献7参照)。 In addition, a method using protease is known as a method for producing bonito rich in amino acids (see Patent Document 6 and Patent Document 7).
従来、アミノ酸の多い鰹節を製造するためには、プロテアーゼを作用させる必要があり、その一つの方法として市販のタンパク質分解酵素であるプロテアーゼを利用する方法が知られている。しかしながら、市販のプロテアーゼ製剤にはプロテアーゼ活性とともにフォスファターゼ活性も有しており、タンパク質を分解すると同時にイノシン酸を分解してしまうという問題点があった。また、別の方法として魚類の自己消化酵素を利用する方法も知られているが、プロテアーゼと同時にフォスファターゼが働き、イノシン酸も分解してしまう。また、イノシン酸の多い鰹節の製造方法においては、プロテアーゼが殆ど働かないため、アミノ酸が少なくなる傾向にあるという問題点があった。 Conventionally, in order to produce bonito rich in amino acids, it is necessary to act on a protease, and as one of the methods, a method using a protease which is a commercially available proteolytic enzyme is known. However, the commercially available protease preparation has phosphatase activity as well as protease activity, and has a problem of degrading inosinic acid at the same time as degrading protein. As another method, a method using a fish autolysis enzyme is also known. However, phosphatase works simultaneously with protease, and inosine acid is also degraded. In addition, in the method for producing koji with a large amount of inosinic acid, there is a problem that the number of amino acids tends to decrease because protease hardly acts.
ところで、魚肉中には核酸を分解するフォスファターゼと、タンパク質を分解しアミノ酸を作るプロテアーゼが混在しており、厚みのある魚体の内部温度を均一一定に保つことは、産業的にも困難であり、品質ムラが発生し易く、酵素分解が進みすぎると苦味や渋味が発現し、風味をコントロールすることが難しかった。また、煮熟による加熱等魚類内部の酵素を失活させた後、市販の酵素製剤を用いて酵素分解を実施しても、微生物酵素由来のフォスファターゼの作用によりイノシン酸が分解し、かつ、酵素分解特有の苦味や渋味が発現するため、品質的に満足の得られる魚節は出来なかった。 By the way, phosphatase that degrades nucleic acids and protease that degrades proteins and produce amino acids are mixed in fish meat, and it is industrially difficult to keep the internal temperature of a thick fish body uniform and constant, Quality unevenness is likely to occur, and if the enzymatic degradation progressed too much, bitterness and astringency appeared and it was difficult to control the flavor. In addition, even after inactivation of enzymes in fish such as heating by ripening, enzymatic decomposition using phosphatase derived from a microbial enzyme results in inosinic acid being decomposed using a commercially available enzyme preparation, and enzyme Because of the bitterness and astringency peculiar to decomposition, the fish knot that could satisfy quality was not made.
旨味の強い魚節類を製造するためには、イノシン酸の分解を最小限に抑えながら魚肉タンパク質を分解しアミノ酸を増やす必要があり、そのためには良好な風味を有する酵素分解物が得られる基質特異性の高いタンパク質分解酵素を選択する必要がある。鋭意研究を行った結果、イノシン酸の含量が高い魚節を作る技術として本願の発明者は特開2004−41045に記載されている方法を提案した。この先に提案した方法では、凍結魚節原料を10 ℃ 以下から魚肉の氷結点までの温度域まで上昇させ、解凍、保存、保管、生処理加工の過程の少なくとも一部を10 ℃ 以下から魚肉の氷結点の未凍結温度域で処理し、その後常法に従い煮熟加熱処理し、燻乾処理することから成っている。 In order to produce fish flavors with strong umami, it is necessary to degrade fish protein and increase amino acids while minimizing the degradation of inosinic acid. For this purpose, a substrate from which an enzyme degradation product having a good flavor can be obtained. It is necessary to select a proteolytic enzyme with high specificity. As a result of intensive research, the inventors of the present application proposed a method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-41045 as a technique for producing a fish clause having a high inosinic acid content. In the previously proposed method, the frozen fish clause raw material is raised to a temperature range from 10 ° C or lower to the freezing point of the fish meat, and at least part of the process of thawing, storage, storage and raw processing is performed from 10 ° C or lower to the fish meat. It consists of processing in an unfrozen temperature range at the freezing point, then boiled and heat-treated in accordance with a conventional method, and then subjected to a drying process.
そして、タンパク質を分解する酵素として鋭意検討を行ったところ、担子菌由来の酵素、特にヒイロタケ由来の酵素を鰹節製造工程中に作用させることによって、イノシン酸の減少が殆んど発生することが無く、アミノ酸、ペプチドが増加し、かつ、苦味や渋味も無い良好な風味の魚節が得られることを見出した。本発明では、ヒイロタケ産生酵素のプロテアーゼ活性が高く、フォスファターゼ活性がないという特性を利用する。 As a result of diligent studies as an enzyme that degrades proteins, a reduction in inosinic acid hardly occurs when an enzyme derived from a basidiomycete, particularly an enzyme derived from a bamboo shoot, is allowed to act during the koji manufacturing process. The present inventors have found that a good-flavored fish clause with increased amino acids and peptides and no bitterness or astringency can be obtained. In the present invention, the property that the protease of the oyster mushroom producing enzyme is high and the phosphatase activity is absent is utilized.
従って、本発明は、魚節類の製造工程において、イノシン酸分解活性が低く、タンパク質分解活性の強い担子菌由来の酵素を利用することにより、旨味の強い品質の優れた魚節及びその製造方法を提供することを目的としている。 Therefore, the present invention uses a basidiomycete-derived enzyme having a low inosinic acid degrading activity and a strong proteolytic activity in the production process of fish knots, and a method for producing the fish knots with strong umami quality. The purpose is to provide.
本発明の第1の発明による魚節の製造方法は、魚節の製造工程中の少なくとも1箇所以上で、タンパク質分解能力を持つヒイロタケ産生酵素の酵素液に魚節原料を浸漬し、酵素液から魚節原料を引き上げた後、魚節表面温度を20℃から85℃の範囲に保ち、魚節原料のタンパク質を分解し、焙乾してアミノ酸、ペプチドの含有量を増加させることを特徴としている。 The first method for producing smoked fish according to the invention of the present invention, at least at one location during the process of manufacture and smoked fish, immersing the Sakanabushi feedstock enzyme solution Hiirotake production enzymes having proteolytic ability, from the enzyme solution It is characterized by keeping the fishfish surface temperature in the range of 20 ℃ to 85 ℃ after pulling up the fishfish material and decomposing and roasting the fishfish material to increase the content of amino acids and peptides. .
本発明の第2の発明による魚節の製造方法は、 凍結魚節原料を魚肉の氷結温度以上10 ℃ 以下の温度域まで上昇させ、解凍、保存、保管、生処理加工の過程の少なくとも一部を魚肉の氷結温度以上10 ℃ 以下の未凍結温度域で処理し、その後常法に従い煮熟加熱処理し、焙乾処理する魚節の製造工程の少なくとも1箇所以上でタンパク質分解能力を持つヒイロタケ産生酵素の酵素液に浸漬し、酵素液から魚節原料を引き上げた後、魚節表面温度を20℃から85℃の範囲に保ち、魚節原料のタンパク質を分解し、焙乾してアミノ酸、ペプチドの含有量を増加させることを特徴としている。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing fish buns, wherein the frozen fish bun ingredients are raised to a temperature range from 10 ° C. to 10 ° C. and then thawed, stored, stored, and processed at least in part. Oyster mushrooms with proteolytic ability in at least one part of the production process of fish clauses that are processed in an unfrozen temperature range between 10 ° C and 10 ° C. After immersing in the enzyme solution of the enzyme and pulling the fish knot raw material from the enzyme solution, keep the fish knot surface temperature in the range of 20 ° C to 85 ° C, decompose the protein of the fish knot raw material , and dry it by drying, amino acids and peptides It is characterized by increasing the content of.
本発明の一実施形態では、少なくとも1箇所以上で行われる酵素液への浸漬工程は、煮熟加熱処理工程終了以後に行われる。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of immersing in the enzyme solution performed in at least one place is performed after completion of the boiled heat treatment step.
また別の実施形態では、かかる酵素液への浸漬工程は一番火の焙乾処理終了以後であり、酵素分解は二番火以降の焙乾処理と同時に行なわれる。 In another embodiment, the step of immersing in the enzyme solution is after the end of the roasting process of the first fire , and the enzymatic decomposition is performed simultaneously with the roasting process after the second fire .
本発明の第3の発明によれば、魚節原料を、煮熟加熱し、一番火の焙乾処理終了以後にタンパク質分解能力を持つヒイロタケ産生酵素の酵素液に浸漬し、酵素液から魚節原料を引き上げた後、魚節表面温度を20℃から85℃の範囲に保ち、魚節原料のタンパク質を分解し、酵素分解を行い、焙乾してアミノ酸、ペプチドの含有量を増加させて成る魚節が提供される。 According to the third invention of the present invention, the fish clause raw material is boiled and heated, immersed in an enzyme solution of a oyster mushroom-producing enzyme having proteolytic ability after completion of the roasting treatment of the first fire, After raising the knot material, keep the fish knot surface temperature in the range of 20 ° C to 85 ° C, decompose the protein of the fish knot material, perform enzymatic degradation, and dry it to increase the content of amino acids and peptides. A fish section is provided.
好ましくは、本発明の第3の発明においては、魚節原料は鰹であり、また本発明の第4の発明においては、魚節原料は雑魚である。 Preferably, in the third invention of the present invention, the fish knot raw material is salmon, and in the fourth invention of the present invention, the fish knot raw material is a small fish.
本発明の第1の発明による魚節の製造方法においては、魚節の製造工程中の少なくとも1箇所以上でタンパク質分解能力を持つ酵素液に浸漬し、魚節表面温度を20℃から85℃の範囲に保ち、酵素分解を行い、焙乾してアミノ酸、ペプチドの含有量を増加させることによって、従来では得られなかった強いコク味、甘味、旨味を持った魚節を提供することができるようになる。 In the method for producing fish clauses according to the first aspect of the present invention, the fish clause surface temperature is set to 20 ° C. to 85 ° C. by immersing in an enzyme solution having a proteolytic ability at at least one location during the fish clause production process. By keeping the range, carrying out enzymatic degradation, and drying it to increase the content of amino acids and peptides, it is possible to provide fish clauses with a strong rich taste, sweetness and umami that could not be obtained conventionally become.
また、本発明の第2の発明による魚節の製造方法においては、凍結魚節原料を10 ℃ 以下から魚肉の氷結点までの温度域まで上昇させ、解凍、保存、保管、生処理加工の過程の少なくとも一部を10 ℃ 以下から魚肉の氷結点の未凍結温度域で処理し、その後常法に従い煮熟加熱処理し、燻乾処理する魚節の製造工程の少なくとも1箇所以上でタンパク質分解能力を持つ酵素液に浸漬し、酵素分解を行い、焙乾してアミノ酸、ペプチドの含有量を増加させることにより、イノシン酸を高く保ちながら魚節中のアミノ酸、ペプチドを増加させることが可能となり、従来のものよりも高品質な魚節を提供することができるようになる。 In the method for producing fish clauses according to the second aspect of the present invention, the frozen fish stock material is raised to a temperature range from 10 ° C. or lower to the freezing point of the fish meat, and the process of thawing, storage, storage and raw processing is performed. Proteolytic ability in at least one part of the production process of fish clauses where at least a part of the fish is processed at 10 ° C or lower in the freezing temperature range of the freezing point of fish meat and then boiled and heat-treated according to conventional methods It is possible to increase the amino acids and peptides in fish clauses while keeping inosinic acid high by increasing the content of amino acids and peptides by dipping in an enzyme solution with It will be possible to provide higher quality fish clauses than conventional ones.
本発明の第3の発明による魚節においては、魚節原料を、煮熟加熱し、一番火終了以後にタンパク質分解能力を持つ酵素液に浸漬し、焙乾と同時に酵素分解を行い、アミノ酸、ペプチドの含有量を増加させているので、腐敗の問題を伴うことなく従来では得られなかった強いコク味、甘味、旨味を持った魚節を提供することができるようになる。また、焙乾を行いながら酵素分解を行うので、製造工程の短縮も可能となる。 In the fish knot according to the third invention of the present invention, the fish knot raw material is boiled and heated, immersed in an enzyme solution having a proteolytic ability after the end of the first fire, enzymatically decomposed simultaneously with roasting, amino acid Since the peptide content is increased, it is possible to provide a fish clause having a strong body, sweetness, and umami which has not been obtained in the past without causing the problem of spoilage. In addition, since the enzymatic decomposition is performed while roasting, the manufacturing process can be shortened.
本発明の第4の発明によれば、魚節原料を、煮熟加熱し、燻乾して得た魚節の状態でタンパク質分解能力を持つ酵素液に浸漬し、焙乾と同時に酵素分解を行ってアミノ酸、ペプチドの含有量を増加させているので、従来では得られなかった強いコク味、甘味、旨味を持った魚節を提供することができるようになる。また、焙乾を行いながら酵素分解を行うので製造工程の短縮も可能となる。 According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the fish knot raw material is boiled and heated, and dipped in an enzyme solution having a proteolytic ability in the state of fish knot obtained by drying, and enzymatic degradation is performed simultaneously with roasting. Since the contents of amino acids and peptides are increased, a fish clause having a strong body, sweetness, and umami which cannot be obtained conventionally can be provided. In addition, since the enzymatic decomposition is performed while roasting, the manufacturing process can be shortened.
以下、実施例及び比較例を用いて本発明の実施の形態について説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described using examples and comparative examples.
最適酵素を選択するための実験例 Experimental example for selecting the optimal enzyme
(1)サンプルの作製
魚体平均重量4.5kgの冷凍鰹500kgについて、特開2004−41045において先に提案した方法に従い、熱交換器により水温調節可能な断熱水槽に投入し4℃の水を熱交換器で温度を保ちながら循環させた。4℃の循環水で16時間解凍処理を行った後の魚体中心部温度は平均−0.5℃であり、中心部分まで完全に解凍されていた。このようにして、解凍した原料魚の除頭し解体処理を行い、95℃で120分間煮熟を行った後、骨抜きを行った。
(1) Preparation of sample About 500 kg of frozen salmon with an average fish weight of 4.5 kg, according to the method previously proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-41045, it is put into an adiabatic water tank whose water temperature can be adjusted by a heat exchanger and heat exchange is performed at 4 ° C. water. It was circulated while keeping the temperature in a vessel. The fish core temperature after thawing treatment with 4 ° C. circulating water for 16 hours was an average of −0.5 ° C., and the fish was completely thawed to the center. In this way, the thawed raw fish was decapitated and disassembled, and ripened at 95 ° C. for 120 minutes, and then watered.
骨抜き後の鰹を3%ヒイロタケ由来の酵素溶液に1分間浸漬した後、60℃の恒温室で16時間酵素分解処理を行った。その後は常法により焙乾を行い、鰹節を作製した(実験例1)。また、骨抜き後の鰹を微生物由来酵素プロテアーゼM3%酵素溶液に1分間浸漬した後、同様の処理を行い、鰹節を作製した(実験例2)。比較例として酵素液処理をしない以外は同様の処理をした鰹節を作製した(比較例1)。 The bone-removed cocoon was dipped in an enzyme solution derived from 3% agaric for 1 minute, and then subjected to an enzymatic degradation treatment in a thermostatic chamber at 60 ° C. for 16 hours. Thereafter, roasting was performed by a conventional method to prepare bonito (Experimental Example 1). Further, after the bone-removed cocoon was immersed in a microbial enzyme protease M3% enzyme solution for 1 minute, the same treatment was performed to prepare a bonito (Experimental Example 2). As a comparative example, bonito with the same treatment except that no enzyme solution treatment was performed was prepared (Comparative Example 1).
(2)サンプルの評価
このようにして作製したサンプルの鰹節について切削機にて0.02〜0.04mmの厚さに切削した。切削片もしくはそのだし液について、エキス分、イノシン酸Na、遊離アミノ酸の測定を行い、同時に官能評価を実施した。エキス分は蒸発乾固法、イノシン酸Naと遊離アミノ酸は高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)を用いて測定し、官能評価は専門パネラー5名にて記述方式にて実施した。
(2) Evaluation of sample The bonito of the sample thus prepared was cut to a thickness of 0.02 to 0.04 mm with a cutting machine. With respect to the cut piece or dashi stock, the extract, sodium inosinate, and free amino acid were measured, and sensory evaluation was performed at the same time. The extract was measured by evaporation to dryness, Na inosinate and free amino acid were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and sensory evaluation was carried out by five expert panelists in a descriptive manner.
(3)結果
遊離アミノ酸、イノシン酸Na、エキス分の測定結果を〔表1〕に示す。〔表1〕によると、実施例1は比較例1に比べて、イノシン酸Naは変化していないにもかかわらず、遊離アミノ酸、エキス分が増えている。また、実施例2は比較例1に比べて、遊離アミノ酸、エキス分が増えているがイノシン酸Naが減少している。これは、微生物由来プロテアーゼが持つフォスファターゼ活性が作用し、イノシン酸が分解したためと考えられる。
官能評価結果を〔表2〕に示す。〔表2〕によると、ヒイロタケ由来酵素を作用させると旨み、コク味が強くなり好まれた。また、プロテアーゼMを作用させるとコク味、旨みが強くなる傾向は見られるが同時に苦味が発現し好まれなかった。
このように微生物由来のプロテアーゼを作用させると、遊離アミノ酸は増加するが同時にイノシン酸Naが減少してしまう。また、プロテアーゼを作用させないとイノシン酸Naは減少しないものの遊離アミノ酸が増加しない。すなわち、鰹節の製造工程中にヒイロタケ由来酵素を作用させることにより、イノシン酸Na量を減らさずに、遊離アミノ酸、エキス分の高い鰹節、すなわち旨みやコク味が強く苦味のない好ましい鰹節を製造することができる。 In this way, when a protease derived from a microorganism is allowed to act, free amino acids increase, but at the same time Na inosinate decreases. Moreover, if inosinate is not decreased unless protease is allowed to act, free amino acids do not increase. That is, by causing the oyster mushroom-derived enzyme to act during the bonito production process, it produces a bonito with a high free amino acid and extract content, that is, a strong umami and rich taste and no bitterness without reducing the amount of sodium inosinate. be able to.
酵素濃度の好適範囲を決定するための実験例
(1)サンプルの作製
Experimental example to determine the preferred range of enzyme concentration (1) Sample preparation
魚体平均重量1.6kgの冷凍鰹500kgについて、実施例1と同様にして解凍した原料魚について除頭し解体処理を行い、95℃で120分間煮熟を行った。その後、骨抜きを行い、鰹節製造用の焼津式乾燥機で焙乾処理を行った。3時間程度薪を燃やし焙乾処理を行った後、自然放冷したもの、すなわち1番火が終了したサンプルに0〜8%のヒイロタケ由来の酵素溶液に1分間浸漬した。2番火以後は通常の焙乾処理を行い、鰹節を作製した。(実験例3〜9、比較例2)
(2)サンプルの評価
About 500 kg of frozen salmon with an average fish weight of 1.6 kg, the raw fish thawed in the same manner as in Example 1 was decapitated and dismantled, and ripened at 95 ° C. for 120 minutes. Thereafter, the bone was removed and subjected to roasting treatment with a Yaizu type dryer for bonito production. After burning the soot for about 3 hours and performing a drying process, the sample was allowed to cool naturally, that is, immersed in a 0-8% agaric enzyme solution for 1 minute in a sample after the first fire. After the 2nd fire, normal roasting treatment was performed to prepare bonito. (Experimental Examples 3-9, Comparative Example 2)
(2) Sample evaluation
このようにして作製したサンプルの鰹節を切削機にて0.02〜0.04mmの厚さに切削した。切削片もしくはそのだし液について、エキス分、イノシン酸Na、遊離アミノ酸、分解アミノ酸の測定を行い、また官能評価を行った。エキス分は蒸発乾固法、イノシン酸Na及び遊離アミノ酸、分解アミノ酸は高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)を用いて測定した。分解アミノ酸から遊離アミノ酸を差し引いた値をペプチド含有量とした。また、官能評価は、旨み、甘み、コク味、塩味、酸味、燻臭の6項目について、7名の専門パネラーにより評価した。 The bonito of the sample thus prepared was cut to a thickness of 0.02 to 0.04 mm with a cutting machine. With respect to the cut piece or dashi stock, the extract, sodium inosinate, free amino acid, and degraded amino acid were measured, and sensory evaluation was performed. The extract content was measured by evaporation to dryness, sodium inosinate and free amino acids, and the degraded amino acids were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The value obtained by subtracting the free amino acid from the degraded amino acid was defined as the peptide content. In addition, sensory evaluation was carried out by 7 expert panelists on 6 items of umami, sweetness, richness, saltiness, sourness, and odor.
官能評価の各項目は、コントロール品(比較例2)と比較して評価した。具体的には、5(コントロール品に比べて明らかに強い)、4(コントロール品と比べてやや強い)、3(コントロール品と同等)、2(コントロール品に比べてやや弱い)、1(コントロール品に比べて明らかに弱い)の5段階で評価した。
(3)結果
Each item of sensory evaluation was evaluated in comparison with a control product (Comparative Example 2). Specifically, 5 (obviously stronger than the control product), 4 (slightly stronger than the control product), 3 (equivalent to the control product), 2 (slightly weaker than the control product), 1 (control) Evaluation was made on a five-point scale.
(3) Results
これら鰹節の遊離アミノ酸、イノシン酸Na、純エキス分の分析結果を〔表3〕に示す。〔表3〕によると、酵素濃度1%では遊離アミノ酸は増えていないが、酵素濃度2%以上において遊離アミノ酸が増加しており、酵素濃度が5%以上で遊離アミノ酸の増加は認められなくなる。また、イノシン酸Naはその増減に明確な差異が認められず、バラツキの範囲であると思われた。
遊離アミノ酸、分解アミノ酸、ペプチド(分解アミノ酸から遊離アミノ酸を差し引いた値)、ペプチド量のコントロール品との比を〔表4〕に示す。〔表4〕によると、酵素を使用することによりペプチドが増加し、酵素濃度4%以上ではが2倍以上に増えることがわかる。
次に官能評価結果を〔表5〕に示す。〔表5〕によると、ヒイロタケ由来酵素濃度が3%以上になれば旨み、コク味が強くなるという評価が得られた。また、酵素濃度が高くなるにしたがい、酸味や燻臭が弱くなるという評価結果となった。官能検査において、特に評価が高く好まれたサンプルは酵素濃度が4〜6%の範囲であった。
このように鰹節の製造工程中にヒイロタケ由来の酵素を作用させることで、イノシン酸Naを高く保持したままでアミノ酸及びペプチドを増加させることができ、また、官能評価においても旨みみやコク味が強くなり、高い評価が得られた。特に、酵素濃度4〜6%の範囲において高い評価が得られた。 In this way, by causing the oyster mushroom-derived enzyme to act during the bonito manufacturing process, it is possible to increase amino acids and peptides while maintaining a high level of sodium inosinate. In addition, there is a strong taste and richness in sensory evaluation. As a result, high evaluation was obtained. In particular, high evaluation was obtained in the enzyme concentration range of 4 to 6%.
鰹節以外の雑節においても同様の効果があることを確認するための実験例
(1)サンプルの作製
Experimental example for confirming that the same effect can be obtained in a knot other than bonito (1) Sample preparation
同一ロットのムロ節、宗田節、うるめいわし節の各雑節を2群に分け、その一方を6%のヒイロタケ由来の酵素溶液に1分間浸漬した後、50℃の恒温室中で16時間酵素分解を行った(実験例10〜12)。何も処理しない各雑節サンプルをコントロール品(比較例3〜5)とした。
(2)サンプルの評価
Divide each group of muro, souda and urushiwasushi in the same lot into 2 groups, and immerse one of them in an enzyme solution derived from 6% oyster mushroom for 1 minute, and then in an oven at 50 ° C for 16 hours. Decomposition was performed (Experimental Examples 10 to 12). Each knot sample that was not treated at all was used as a control product (Comparative Examples 3 to 5).
(2) Sample evaluation
このようにしてヒイロタケ由来の酵素で処理をした魚節類について、旨み、甘み、コク味、生
み、燻臭の5項目につき、7名の専門パネラーにより官能評価を行った。なお、官能評価は魚節を切削機にて0.02〜0.04mmの厚さに削った切削片及びその出汁で行った。
With regard to the fish clauses treated with the enzyme derived from the bamboo shoots in this way, sensory evaluation was conducted by seven expert panelists on the five items of umami, sweetness, richness, freshness and odor. In addition, sensory evaluation was performed with the cut piece which shaved fish clause with the thickness of 0.02-0.04mm with the cutting machine, and its soup.
官能評価の各項目は、コントロール品(比較例3〜5)との比較により評価した。具体的には、5(コントロール品に比べて明らかに強い)、4(コントロール品に比べてやや強い)、3(コントロール品と同等)、2(コントロール品に比べてやや弱い)、1(コントロール品に比べて明らかに弱い)の5段階で評価した。
(3)結果
Each item of sensory evaluation was evaluated by comparison with a control product (Comparative Examples 3 to 5). Specifically, 5 (obviously stronger than the control product), 4 (slightly stronger than the control product), 3 (equivalent to the control product), 2 (slightly weaker than the control product), 1 (control) Evaluation was made on a five-point scale.
(3) Results
これらサンプルの官能評価結果を〔表6〕に示す。〔表6〕によると、ムロ節(実施例3、比較例3)においては、旨み、甘み、コク味が強くなり、生臭み・燻臭が弱くなるという評価結果となった。宗田節(実施例4、比較例4)においては、旨み、甘み、コク味が強くなり、生臭み、燻臭が弱くなるという評価結果となった。うるめいわし節(実施例5、比較例5)においては、旨み、甘み、コク味が強くなり、生臭み、燻臭が弱くなるという評価結果となった。各雑節ともに、酵素処理したものの方が旨みが強くなっており高い評価が得られた。
このように雑節にヒイロタケ由来酵素を作用させることにより、旨み、コク味が強くなり、また、雑節が持つ特有の生臭みを低減することができ、高い評価を得ることができた。 As described above, when the oyster mushroom-derived enzyme is allowed to act on the knot, the umami and richness of the knot can be enhanced, and the unique raw odor possessed by the knot can be reduced, resulting in high evaluation.
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