JP5053663B2 - Dies for metal material extrusion - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a metal material extrusion die used for extrusion of a metal material and related technology.

  Extrusion dies used when manufacturing a metal hollow extruded product such as an aluminum heat exchange tube in a heat exchanger for a car air conditioner are shown in FIG. 26 (a), a port hole die, and FIG. There is a spider die, what is called a bridge die shown in FIG.

  These extrusion dies are configured by combining a male die (1) and a female die (2), and the mandrel (1a) of the male die (1) is the die of the female die (2). An annular extrusion hole is formed by the mandrel (1a) and the die hole (2a) arranged corresponding to the hole (2a). And the metal billet (metal material) pressed by the billet pressure receiving surface (metal material pressure receiving surface 1b) of the male die (1) flows into both dies (1) and (2) through the material introduction part (1c). Then, the extrusion material having a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the shape of the extrusion hole is molded by passing through the extrusion hole while being plastically deformed.

  In such an extrusion-molding die, a large amount of stress is applied to the billet pressure-receiving surface (1b) of the male die (1) by pressing the metal billet, so that cracks are likely to occur around the pressure-receiving portion. It may be difficult to obtain a sufficient die life.

Thus, conventionally, extrusion dies for metal materials shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 below have been proposed. This die has a convex shape in which the billet pressure receiving surface of the male die protrudes to the opposite side (rear side) to the billet extrusion direction, and the pressing force of the metal billet applied to the billet pressure receiving surface is the male die. It is comprised so that it may receive by the bridge part.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 53-102938 (Claims, Fig. 3-5) Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-81644 (claims, drawings)

  Since the conventional extrusion dies shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a billet pressure-receiving surface formed in a convex shape, the strength of the male die, such as pressure resistance against a metal billet, can be improved to some extent. I still have anxiety in the bridge. For this reason, in order to sufficiently secure the strength of the bridge portion, the thickness of the bridge portion in the male die must be increased, which not only increases the size and weight but also increases the cost. The problem of inviting occurs.

  In addition, in the extrusion die, particularly when extruding into a complicated shape, it is necessary to smoothly introduce a metal material into a stable state from the material introduction portion of the male die to the extrusion hole. In the extrusion die, the metal material flowing between the male die and the female die from the material introduction portion of the male die is disturbed by the bridge portion of the male die, preventing the smooth introduction of the metal material. In addition, the dimensional accuracy of the extrusion-molded product may be lowered, and it may be difficult to obtain high quality.

  The main object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to achieve cost reduction and reduction in size and weight while ensuring sufficient strength and durability, and to obtain a high-quality extruded product. It is an object to provide a die for extrusion molding of a metal material.

  Other objects of the present invention are a method for producing an extruded product that can achieve the above object, a method for producing an extruded tube material, a method for producing a porous hollow material, a die case for a die for extrusion molding, a method for extruding a metal material, and It is to provide related technology such as a metal material extruder.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following structure.

[1] A die case having a pressure receiving portion whose outer surface is a metal material pressure receiving surface and disposed rearward so as to face the metal material pressure receiving surface in the extrusion direction of the metal material;
A male die provided in the die case;
A female die provided in the die case and forming an extrusion hole with the male die, and
The pressure-receiving surface is formed in a convex shape that protrudes rearward, and a port hole for introducing a metal material is provided on the outer periphery of the pressure-receiving portion, while the port hole has an opening area at the inlet portion where the internal passage is cut off. Formed larger than the area,
A metal material extrusion die characterized in that the metal material pressed against the metal material pressure-receiving surface is guided into the die case through the port hole and passes through the extrusion hole.

  [2] The metal material extrusion die according to item 1, wherein the port hole is formed so that a passage cross-sectional area gradually decreases from an inlet portion to an inside thereof.

  [3] The metal material extrusion die according to item 1 or 2, wherein a radial length (thickness) of an inlet portion in the port hole is set to be larger than an internal thickness.

  [4] The metal material extrusion die according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the circumferential length (width) of the inlet portion in the port hole is set larger than the internal width.

  [5] The die for extrusion molding of a metal material according to any one of items 1 to 4, wherein a chamfered portion is formed on an outer side portion at the periphery of the inlet portion of the port hole.

  [6] The die for extrusion molding of a metal material according to any one of the above items 1 to 5, wherein a chamfered portion is formed on the inner side of the inlet hole periphery of the port hole.

[7] The metal material according to any one of items 1 to 6, wherein an inclination angle on the outer surface of the inner peripheral surface of the port hole is set larger than an inclination angle of the inner peripheral surface of the port hole with respect to the axis. Die for extrusion molding.
[8] The metal material extrusion die according to any one of items 1 to 7, wherein the metal material pressure-receiving surface is formed by a convex spherical surface of a 1/6 to 4/6 sphere.

  [9] The metal material extrusion die according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein a plurality of port holes are formed at equal intervals around the axis of the die case in the circumferential direction.

[10] The extrusion hole is formed in a flat shape having a width larger than the thickness,
The die for extrusion molding of a metal material according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 9, wherein the port hole is formed at a position corresponding to both sides in the thickness direction of the extrusion hole.

[11] A flat annular extrusion hole whose height (thickness) is small with respect to the width is formed by the male die and the female die,
The portion corresponding to the extrusion hole of the male die is formed in a comb-like shape having a plurality of projections for forming a passage arranged side by side in the width direction,
11. The metal material extrusion die according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 10, wherein a porous hollow material in which a plurality of passages are provided in the width direction is formed by passing the metal material through the extrusion hole.

[12] An annular extrusion hole is formed by the male die and the female die,
11. The die for extrusion molding of a metal material according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 10, wherein a tube material having an annular cross section is formed by passing the metal material through the extrusion hole.

  [13] The die for extrusion molding of a metal material according to any one of items 1 to 12, wherein the metal material is aluminum or an alloy thereof.

  [14] A method for producing an extrusion-molded product, wherein the extrusion-molded product is molded using the extrusion-molding die described in any one of 1 to 11 above.

  [15] A method for producing a porous hollow material, wherein the porous hollow material is formed using the extrusion die described in the above item 11.

  [16] A method for producing an extruded tube material, wherein the extruded tube material is molded using the extrusion molding die described in item 12 above.

[17] It has a pressure receiving portion whose outer surface is a metal material pressure receiving surface, and is arranged facing rearward so that the metal material pressure receiving surface faces the extrusion direction of the metal material. A die case of an extrusion die provided with a die,
The pressure-receiving surface is formed in a convex shape that protrudes rearward, and a port hole for introducing a metal material is provided on the outer periphery of the pressure-receiving portion, while the port hole has an opening area at the inlet portion where the internal passage is cut off. Formed larger than the area,
A die case for a die for extrusion molding, wherein the metal material pressed against the metal material pressure receiving surface is guided into the die case through the port hole and passes through the extrusion hole.
[18] The die case of the extrusion die as recited in the aforementioned Item 17, wherein the metal material pressure-receiving surface is constituted by a convex spherical surface of 1/6 to 4/6 sphere.

[19] A method for extruding a metal material,
A die case having a pressure receiving portion having an outer surface as a metal material pressure receiving surface, and facing rearward so that the metal material pressure receiving surface faces the extrusion direction of the metal material;
A male die provided in the die case;
A female die provided in the die case and forming an extrusion hole with the male die; and
The pressure receiving surface is formed in a convex shape that protrudes backward, and a port hole for introducing a metal material is provided on the outer periphery of the pressure receiving portion, while the port hole has an opening area of the inlet portion determined from the internal passage cross-sectional area. Also formed large,
A method of extruding a metal material, characterized in that a metal material pressed against a metal material pressure-receiving surface is guided through a port hole into a die case and passed through an extrusion hole.

[20] A metal material extrusion molding machine comprising a container and an extrusion die set in the container, wherein the metal material in the container is supplied to the extrusion die.
The extrusion die is
A die case having a pressure receiving portion having an outer surface as a metal material pressure receiving surface, and facing rearward so that the metal material pressure receiving surface faces the extrusion direction of the metal material;
A male die provided in the die case;
A female die provided in the die case and forming an extrusion hole with the male die, and
The pressure-receiving surface is formed in a convex shape that protrudes rearward, and a port hole for introducing a metal material is provided on the outer periphery of the pressure-receiving portion, while the port hole has an opening area at the inlet portion where the internal passage is cut off. Formed larger than the area,
A metal material extrusion molding machine characterized in that the metal material pressed against the metal material pressure receiving surface is guided into the die case through the port hole and passes through the extrusion hole.

  According to the metal material extrusion die of the invention [1], since the pressure receiving surface is formed in a convex shape, the pressing force of the metal material is dispersed by the pressure receiving surface when the metal material is pressed against the pressure receiving surface. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the pressing force in the normal direction at each portion of the pressure receiving surface. For this reason, the intensity | strength with respect to the pressing force of a metal material can be improved, and sufficient durability can be acquired. That is, when a metal material is pressed against a pressure-receiving surface formed in a convex shape, a compressive force in the direction toward the axis of the pressure-receiving portion is applied to each part of the pressure-receiving surface, so that a shear force generated in the die case during extrusion molding Is reduced. As a result, the shear force generated in the hollow part of the die case, which is the part where the most shear force is generated in this die case, can be reduced, thereby improving the strength of the die against the pressing force of the metal material. Can be made.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, a port hole for material inflow is formed in the pressure receiving portion of the die case that covers the male die and the female die, that is, the front end (downstream side) wall portion of the pressure receiving portion is in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the strength of the die case and thus the entire extrusion die can be further improved by the presence of the continuous peripheral wall portion. As described above, the die of the present invention does not have a weak portion such as a conventional bridge portion, and it is not necessary to form a size such as a wall thickness larger than necessary for strength improvement. And cost can be reduced.

  In the present invention, since the opening area of the inlet portion of the port hole is larger than the internal passage cross-sectional area, the metal material can be smoothly taken in from the inlet portion, and the metal material is pressed against the pressure receiving surface. Pressure (extrusion load) can be reduced, and extrusion can be performed efficiently and smoothly.

  In addition, since the cross-sectional area of the passage inside the port hole is small, the void ratio due to the port hole of the die case is also small, and the strength of the die case and thus the strength of the entire die can be further improved.

  According to the extrusion die for metal material of the invention [2], the port hole is made gradually smaller, so that the flow resistance of the metal material passing through the port hole does not change suddenly, and the metal material is more It can pass through the port hole more smoothly.

According to the metal material extrusion dies of inventions [3] to [7], the above-described effects can be obtained more reliably.
According to the die for extrusion molding of a metal material of the invention [8], the pressing force of the metal material to the pressure receiving surface can be more reliably distributed in a balanced manner, and the strength against the pressing force of the metal material can be improved more reliably. it can. That is, when a metal material is pressed against a pressure-receiving surface constituted by a specific convex spherical surface, a compressive force in the direction toward the center of the pressure-receiving portion is more reliably applied to each part of the pressure-receiving surface. Is more reliably reduced. As a result, the shear force generated in the hollow part of the die case, which is the part where the shear force is generated most in this die case, can be more reliably reduced, and thus the die force against the pressing force of the metal material can be reduced. Strength can be improved more reliably.

  According to the die for extrusion molding of a metal material of the invention [9], the metal material can be introduced uniformly from the circumferential direction toward the extrusion hole, and the extrusion molding can be performed in a more stable state.

  According to the metal material extrusion die of the invention [10], a flat extruded product can be formed with high accuracy.

  According to the metal material extrusion die of the invention [11], it is possible to reliably form a porous hollow material in which a plurality of passages are arranged in parallel in the width direction.

  According to the metal material extrusion die of the invention [12], a tube material having an annular cross section can be formed reliably.

  According to the metal material extrusion die of the invention [13], an extruded product made of aluminum or aluminum alloy can be produced.

  According to invention [14], the manufacturing method of the extrusion molded product which show | plays the effect similar to the above can be provided.

  According to the invention [15], it is possible to provide a method for producing a porous hollow material having the same effects as described above.

  According to invention [16], the manufacturing method of the extruded tube material which has the same effect as the above can be provided.

According to the invention [17], it is possible to provide a die case of an extrusion molding die that exhibits the same effect as described above.
According to the invention [18], for the same reason as the above invention [8], the pressing force of the metal material to the pressure receiving surface can be more reliably distributed in a balanced manner, and the strength of the metal material against the pressing force can be improved more reliably. Can be made.

  According to the invention [19], it is possible to provide a method for extruding a metal material having the same effects as described above.

  According to the invention [20], it is possible to provide a metal material extrusion molding machine having the same effects as described above.

<First Embodiment>
A metal material extrusion die (10) as an example of the first embodiment of the present invention is an extrusion molding of a porous hollow material (flat porous tube) (60) shown in FIGS.

  The hollow material (60) is made of metal, and specifically in the present embodiment, constitutes a heat exchange tube made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.

  This hollow material (60) is employed in a heat exchanger such as a condenser for a car air conditioner, and has a flat shape whose width is set larger than the thickness. The hollow portion (61) of the hollow material (60) is partitioned into a plurality of heat exchange passages (63) by a plurality of partition walls (62) extending in the tube length direction and arranged in parallel to each other. These passages (63) extend in the tube length direction and are arranged in parallel to each other.

  In this embodiment, the direction perpendicular to the tube length direction and the passages (63) are arranged in parallel is referred to as the “width direction” or “lateral direction”, the direction perpendicular to the tube length direction and the width direction The direction orthogonal to the direction will be described as “height direction (thickness direction)” or “vertical direction”. Further, in the present embodiment, the “upstream side” in the extrusion direction is described as “rear side”, and the “downstream side” is described as “front side”.

  1 to 6 are views showing an extrusion die (10) as an example of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in these drawings, the extrusion molding die (10) of this embodiment includes a die case (20), a male die (30), a female die (40), and a flow control plate (50). It is equipped with.

  The die case (20) has a hollow structure and has a dome-shaped pressure receiving portion (21) provided on the upstream side (rear side) and a downstream side (front side) with respect to the extrusion direction of the metal billet as the metal material. ) And a base portion (25) provided on the surface.

  In the pressure receiving portion (21), a surface (rear surface) facing the extrusion direction of the metal billet is formed on a billet pressure receiving surface (22) as a metal material pressure receiving surface. The billet pressure-receiving surface (22) is formed as a convex shape that protrudes in the direction opposite to the extrusion direction (rear direction), and specifically, is formed as a convex spherical surface having a hemispherical shape. Thus, the pressure receiving part (22) is formed so as to protrude rearward.

  At the center of the peripheral wall of the pressure receiving portion (21), a male die holding hole (23) communicating with the internal hollow portion (weld chamber 12) is provided along the axis (A1). The male die holding hole (23) is formed in a flat rectangular shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the male die (30). Further, as shown in FIG. 5, on both side portions on the rear end side of the male die holding hole (23), an engaging step portion (23a) as an engaging means for engaging a male die (30) described later. (23a) is provided.

  On both sides of the peripheral wall of the pressure receiving portion (21), a pair of port holes (24) and (24) are formed on both sides of the shaft center (A1). The inlet part (24e) of each port hole (24) is formed in a substantially trapezoidal shape as viewed from the upstream side in the axial direction.

  As shown in FIG. 4, each port hole (24) has an axial center (A 2) of the port hole (24) that approaches the axial center (A 1) of the pressure receiving part (21) toward the downstream side. 21) is arranged so as to intersect and be inclined with respect to the axis (A1). The detailed configuration such as the inclination angle (θ) of the axis (A2) of the port hole (24) will be described in detail later.

  Further, each port hole (24) is formed such that its passage sectional area gradually decreases from the inlet portion (24e) toward the inside, and the opening area of the inlet portion (24e) is larger than the inner passage sectional area. Is formed. That is, in the present embodiment, the inclination angle (θa) of the inner surface (24a) with respect to the axis (A1) of the port hole (24) is the inclination angle of the outer surface with respect to the axis (A1). It is formed smaller than (θb).

  The pair of port holes (24) and (24) have outlet portions (front end portions) arranged corresponding to extrusion holes (11) described later.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the axial center of the die case (20) and the axial center of the pressure receiving portion (21) are configured to coincide with each other.

  The base portion (25) is formed integrally with the pressure receiving portion (21), and is formed in an annular shape centering on the axis. The base portion (25) has a diameter longer than that of the pressure receiving portion (21).

  In the present invention, the base portion (25) and the pressure receiving portion (21) are not necessarily formed integrally, and both the members (21) and (25) may be formed separately. Further, whether the members (21) and (25) are integrated or divided can be appropriately selected in consideration of their maintainability.

  A cylindrical female die holding hole (26) communicating with the internal weld chamber (12) and corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the female die (40) is formed inside the base portion (25). . The axial center of the female die holding hole (26) is configured to coincide with the axial center (A1) of the die case (20).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4 and the like, on the rear end side of the inner peripheral surface of the female die holding hole (26), the female die (40) described later is engaged through the flow control plate (50). A step portion (26a) is formed.

  In the male die (30), the main part of the first half is configured as a mandrel (31). As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the front end of the mandrel (31) forms the hollow portion (61) of the hollow member (60), and a plurality of the mandrel (31) corresponding to each passage (63) of the hollow member (60). The passage forming convex portion (33) is provided. The plurality of passage-forming convex portions (33) are arranged at predetermined intervals in the width direction of the mandrel (31). Furthermore, the gap provided between each of these passage-forming convex portions (33) is configured as a partition-forming groove (32) that forms a partition (62) of the hollow material (60).

  On both side edges in the width direction at the rear end of the male die (30), the engagement dies (23a) and (23a) of the male die holding hole (23) in the die case (20) Joint protrusions (33a) and (33a) are integrally formed in a laterally protruding shape.

  The male die (30) is inserted into the male die holding hole (23) of the die case (20) from the billet pressure receiving surface (22) side and fixed. At this time, the engagement protrusions (33a) and (33a) of the male die (30) are engaged with the engagement step portions (23a) and (23a) in the male die holding hole (23). By positioning (30), the mandrel (31) of the male die (30) is held in a state protruding a predetermined amount from the male die holding hole (23) inside the die case (20). Is done.

  The base end surface (rear end surface) of the male die (30) is formed on a part of a hemispherical convex surface that follows the billet pressure receiving surface (22) of the die case (20), and the base end surface of the male die (30). A desired smooth hemispherical convex surface is formed cooperatively by the (rear end surface) and the billet pressure receiving surface (22).

  The female die (40) has a cylindrical shape, and key protrusions (47) (47) parallel to the axial center are formed on both sides of the outer peripheral surface as shown in FIG.

  The female die (40) has a die hole (bearing hole 41) that is open to the rear end surface side and formed corresponding to the mandrel (31) of the male die (30), and a die hole (41). A relief hole (42) that communicates and opens to the front end face side is provided.

  The die hole (41) is provided with an inward projecting portion along the inner peripheral edge thereof so that the outer peripheral portion of the hollow material (60) can be formed. Furthermore, the relief hole (42) is formed in a taper shape that widens toward the front end side (downstream side) so that the thickness (height) gradually increases, and is opened downstream.

  The flow control plate (50) has a circular outer shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the female die holding hole (26) in the die case (20). Furthermore, a central through hole (51) is formed in the center of the flow control plate (50) corresponding to the mandrel (31) of the male die (30) and the die hole (41) of the female die (40). ing.

  As shown in FIG. 2, on both sides of the outer peripheral edge of the flow control plate (50), there are key protrusions (57) corresponding to the key protrusions (47) and (47) of the female die (40). (57) is formed.

  3 to 5, the female die (40) is housed and fixed in the female die holding hole (26) of the die case (20) via the flow control plate (50). At this time, the outer periphery of one end surface (rear end surface) of the female die (40) is engaged with the engaging step portion (26a) of the female die holding hole (26) via the outer peripheral edge portion of the flow control plate (50). As a result, the female die (40) and the flow control plate (50) are positioned in the axial direction, and the key protrusions (47) and (47) of the female die (40) and the flow control plate (50) are arranged. ) Key projections (57) and (57) are engaged with key grooves (not shown) provided on the inner peripheral surface of the female die holding hole (26), thereby positioning in the direction around the axis. .

  Thereby, the mandrel (31) of the male die (30) and the die hole (41) of the female die (40) are arranged corresponding to the central through hole (51) of the flow control plate (50). At this time, the mandrel (31) of the male die (30) is arranged inside the die hole (41) of the female die (40), and a flat annular extrusion is made between the mandrel (31) and the die hole (41). A hole (11) is formed. Further, the extrusion hole (11) is formed corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the hollow material (60) to be molded by arranging a plurality of partition forming grooves (32) of the mandrel (31) in parallel in the width direction. Is done.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the angle difference (θb−θa) between the inclination angle (θb) of the outer surface (24b) and the inclination angle (θa) of the inner surface (24a) is 3 to 37. It is good to set to °, more preferably 5-25 °. That is, when this angle difference (θb−θa) is set within the above specific range, the billet as the metal material is in a stable state while ensuring a sufficiently large opening area of the port hole inlet (24e). It is possible to guide the inside from the inlet (24e) of the port hole (24) to obtain a high quality extruded product.

  In other words, when the angle difference (θb−θa) is too large, the passage cross-sectional area of the port hole (24) is extremely small compared to the inlet portion (24e), and the billet is connected to the port hole ( When passing through 24), the pressure suddenly changes, and it may be difficult to introduce the billet into the die in a stable state. On the contrary, when the angle difference (θb−θa) is too small, the opening area of the inlet portion (24e) cannot be secured large, and the pressure (extrusion load) on the die of the billet becomes excessively large. There is a risk that it will be difficult to perform smoothly. In addition, if the above-mentioned angle difference (θb−θa) is reduced and an attempt is made to ensure a large opening area of the inlet portion (24e), the port hole itself becomes large, and the porosity due to the port hole (24) in the die is increased. Since it increases and die strength is reduced, it is not preferable.

  As will be clearly described in the second to fourth embodiments to be described later, in the present invention, it is possible to increase the opening area of the inlet portion (24e) by setting the angle difference (θb−θa) to 0 °. It is.

  In the present embodiment, the inclination angle (θa) of the inner surface (24a) in the port hole (24) is preferably set to 3 to 30 °, more preferably 5 to 25 °. Furthermore, the inclination angle (θb) of the outer surface (24b) is preferably set to 10 to 40 °, more preferably 20 to 30 °. That is, when the inclination angle (θa) of the inner side surface (24a) is too large or the inclination angle (θb) of the outer side surface (24b) is too small, a sufficient opening area of the inlet portion (24e) can be secured. However, the extrusion load of the billet becomes excessively large, and it may be difficult to perform the extrusion process smoothly. Further, when the inclination angle (θa) of the inner surface (24a) is too small or the inclination angle (θb) of the outer surface (24b) is too large, the passage cross-sectional area of the port hole (24) becomes the inlet portion ( The inside may be extremely small compared to 24e), and the billet may not be able to pass through the port hole (24) in a stable state.

  Further, the port hole (24) (24) is set so that its axis (A2) is inclined with respect to the axis (A1) of the die case (20) as described above. In this embodiment, the inclination angle (θ) of the axis (A2) of the port hole (24) with respect to the axis (A1) of the die case (20) is preferably set to 3 to 45 °, preferably 10 It is good to set to -35 degrees, More preferably, 15-30 degrees. That is, when the inclination angle (θ) is set within the specific range, the metal material flows in a stable state through the port holes (24) and (24) and the weld chamber (12), and the metal material further flows. A high-quality extruded product (extruded product) having excellent dimensional accuracy can be formed by smoothly passing through the extrusion hole (11) in a well-balanced manner. In other words, when the inclination angle (θ) is too small, the metal material that has circulated through the port holes (24) and (24) and the weld chamber (12) is not smoothly introduced into the extrusion holes (11), It may be difficult to stably obtain a high-quality extruded product. On the contrary, when the inclination angle (θ) is too large, the material flow direction of the port hole (24) is largely inclined with respect to the material extrusion direction, which is not preferable because the extrusion resistance of the metal material is increased.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, it is good to comprise the billet pressure-receiving surface (22) in the die case (20) with the convex spherical surface of 1/6-4/6 sphere. When the billet pressure receiving surface (22) is constituted by the specific convex spherical surface, the billet pressure receiving surface (22) can receive the pressing force of the metal billet in a more balanced manner and ensure sufficient strength. It is possible to improve the die life more reliably. That is, when the billet is pressed against the pressure receiving surface (22) configured by a specific convex spherical surface, the compressive force in the direction toward the center of the pressure receiving portion (21) is more reliably applied to each part of the pressure receiving surface (22). Therefore, the shearing force generated in the die case (20) during extrusion molding is more reliably reduced. As a result, the shearing force generated in the hollow portion of the die case (20), which is the part where the shearing force is most generated in the die case (20), can be more reliably reduced, and the billet The strength of the die (10) against the pressing force can be improved more reliably. In addition, the die shape can be simplified, the size and weight can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. In other words, when the billet pressure receiving surface is formed of a sphere less than 1/6 sphere, for example, a convex spherical shape of 1/8 sphere, sufficient strength can be obtained against the pressing force of the billet. Therefore, the die life may be shortened due to the occurrence of cracks. Conversely, when the billet pressure receiving surface is formed of a sphere exceeding 4/6 spheres, for example, a convex spherical shape of 5/6 spheres, the cost may increase due to the complicated shape.

  Here, in this embodiment, for example, a sphere with a ratio such as 1/8 sphere, 1/6 sphere, 4/6 sphere, etc. is a partial sphere obtained by cutting a complete sphere in a direction perpendicular to the axis. It is comprised by. That is, in this embodiment, “n / m sphere (where m and n are natural numbers, n <m)” means that the axial length (diameter) of the complete sphere is “1” and the edge of the complete sphere is The complete sphere is constituted by a partial sphere when the length in the axial center (diameter) direction is n / m and cut in a direction orthogonal to the axial center.

  The extrusion die (10) having the above configuration is set in an extrusion molding machine as shown in FIGS. That is, the extrusion forming die (10) of this embodiment is set in the container (6) in a state of being attached to the die installation hole (5a) provided in the center of the plate (5). The extrusion die (10) is fixed to the direction orthogonal to the extrusion direction by the plate (5) and fixed to the extrusion direction by a backer (not shown).

  Then, a metal billet (metal material) such as an aluminum billet inserted into the container (6) is pushed through the dummy block (7) in the right direction (extrusion direction) in FIG. As a result, the metal billet is pressed against the billet pressure-receiving surface (22) of the die case (20) of the extrusion die (10) and plastically deforms. In this way, the metal material is plastically deformed, is introduced into the weld chamber (12) of the die case (20) through the pair of port holes (24) (24), and is further pushed forward through the extrusion hole (11). As a result, the metal material is formed into a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the opening shape of the extrusion hole (11), and a metal extrusion-molded product (hollow material 60) is manufactured.

  According to the extrusion molding die (10) of this embodiment, since the billet pressure receiving surface (22) is formed in a hemispherical convex shape, when the metal billet is pressed against the billet pressure receiving surface (22), The pressure can be distributed and received by the pressure receiving surface (22). Therefore, the pressing force in the normal direction at each portion of the billet pressure receiving surface (22) can be reduced, the strength against the pressing force of the metal material can be improved, and sufficient durability can be obtained.

  In the present embodiment, the port hole (24) is formed such that the opening area of the inlet portion (24e) is larger than the internal passage cross-sectional area, so that the billet can be smoothly taken in from the inlet portion (24e). In addition, the pressing force (extrusion load) of the billet against the pressure receiving surface (22) can be appropriately reduced, the extrusion process can be performed efficiently and smoothly, and an extruded product of good quality can be produced.

  In particular, in this embodiment, the port hole (24) gradually decreases from the inlet (24e) toward the inside, so that the flow resistance of the billet passing through the port hole (24) changes suddenly. The billet can be passed through the port hole (24) more smoothly and the extrusion process can be performed more efficiently.

  Furthermore, since the cross-sectional area of the passage inside the port hole (24) is small, the volume (size) of the port hole (24) can be made relatively small, and the gap by the port hole (24) of the die case (20) can be reduced. The rate is also reduced, and the strength of the die case (20) and thus the strength of the entire die can be sufficiently improved.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the port hole (24) for material inflow is formed in the pressure receiving part (21) of the die case (20) that covers the male die (30) and the female die (40). Therefore, since the front end wall portion of the pressure receiving portion (21) and the wall portion of the base portion (25) are integrally formed continuously in the circumferential direction, the die case (20), As a result, the strength of the entire extrusion die can be further improved. Accordingly, there is no weak portion such as a conventional bridge portion, and it is not necessary to form a size such as a wall thickness larger than necessary for strength improvement, so that it can be reduced in size and weight, Cost can also be reduced.

  In the present embodiment, the port holes (24) and (24) are formed at positions deviating from the axis (A1) of the pressure receiving portion (21), that is, the outer periphery, and the shafts of the port holes (24) and (24) are formed. Since the center (A2) is inclined with respect to the axis (A1) of the die case (20) so as to gradually approach the axis of the die case (20) as it goes downstream, the port holes (24) (24 ) Is smoothly guided to the axis (A1) of the die case (20), that is, the extrusion hole (11), and can be extruded in a stable state. Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the downstream end (exit) of the port holes (24) and (24) is arranged toward the extrusion hole (11), the metal material can be more smoothly formed into the extrusion hole (11). Can lead.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the port holes (24) and (24) are arranged corresponding to both sides in the height direction (thickness direction) of the flat extrusion holes (11), the metal material is extruded. The holes (11) can be introduced from both sides in the thickness direction more smoothly and stably. Therefore, a high-quality extruded hollow material (60) can be obtained by allowing the metal material to pass through the entire area of the extrusion hole (11) with good balance and be extruded.

  In particular, even when a hollow material (60) having a complicated shape such as a flat harmonica tube shape is extruded as in this embodiment, the metal material is introduced into the entire area of the extrusion hole (11) in a balanced manner. Therefore, high quality can be reliably maintained.

  For reference, when manufacturing aluminum heat exchange tubes (hollow bodies) in which a plurality of rectangular cross-section passages (63) having a height and width of 0.5 mm are formed in parallel, Therefore, cracks generated in male dies have been a factor in die life. On the other hand, in the extrusion die (10) according to the present invention, since the strength is sufficient, the male die (30) is not cracked, and the male die (30) Wear becomes a factor of the die life, and the die life can be dramatically improved.

  For example, according to the experimental results related to the die life by the present inventor, the die life of the extrusion molding die of the present invention was able to be extended by about three times as compared with the conventional product.

  Moreover, in this invention, since it has sufficient pressure | voltage resistance (strength), an extrusion limit speed | velocity | rate can be improved considerably. For example, in the conventional extrusion molding die, the upper limit of the extrusion speed was 60 m / min, whereas in the extrusion molding die of the present invention, the upper limit of the extrusion speed can be increased to 150 m / min, The extrusion limit speed can be increased by about 2.5 times, and further improvement in production efficiency can be expected.

Second Embodiment
12 to 15 are views showing an extrusion die (10) as an example of the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in these drawings, the extrusion die (10) of the second embodiment is different from the extrusion die (10) of the first embodiment in the shape (configuration) of the port hole (24). is doing.

  That is, in the extrusion molding die (10) of the present embodiment, a pair of port holes (24) (on the both sides of the pressure receiving portion (21) corresponding to both sides in the thickness direction of the flat extrusion holes (11). 24) is formed. Each port hole (24) is formed in a substantially trapezoidal shape as viewed from the upstream side in the axial direction. The port hole (24) is formed in a flat elongated hole shape having a large circumferential dimension (width) and a small radial dimension (thickness) of the inlet portion (24e).

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the port hole (24) is formed in a substantially fan shape in which the width of the inlet portion (24 e) is large. That is, the width of the port hole (24) is formed so as to gradually decrease from the inlet portion (24e) toward the inside, and the opening area of the inlet portion (24e) is formed larger than the internal passage cross-sectional area. .

  In the present embodiment, the inner side surface (24a) and the outer side surface (24b) on the inner peripheral surface of the port hole (24) are arranged substantially parallel to each other, and are relative to the axis (A1) of the inner side surface (24a). The inclination angle (θa) and the inclination angle (θb) of the outer surface (24b) with respect to the axis (A1) are substantially equal.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 15, when the crossing angle (width direction opening angle) between both side edges (24c) (24c) on the inner peripheral surface of the port hole (24) is “θw”, the opening angle (θw) Is set to 5-45 °, more preferably 10-40 °. That is, when the opening angle (θw) is set within the specific range, the billet as the metal material is ported in a stable state while ensuring a sufficiently large opening area of the port hole inlet (24e). It can be led to the inside from the inlet (24e) of the hole (24), and a high quality extruded product can be obtained.

  In other words, when the opening angle (θw) is too large, the passage cross-sectional area of the port hole (24) becomes extremely small compared to the inlet part (24e), and the billet is connected to the port hole (24). When passing through, the pressure changes suddenly, and it may be difficult to introduce the billet into the die in a stable state. On the other hand, if the opening angle (θw) is too small, the opening area of the inlet portion (24e) cannot be secured, and the pressure (extrusion load) on the die of the billet becomes excessively large. It may be difficult to perform smoothly. Note that if the opening angle (θw) is reduced and the opening area of the inlet portion (24e) is to be secured, the port hole itself becomes larger, and the porosity due to the port hole in the die increases and the die strength is increased. , Which is not preferable.

  In the second embodiment, the other configuration is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, and therefore, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant description is omitted.

  Also in the extrusion die (10) of the second embodiment, the die is set in the same extruder as in the first embodiment shown in FIGS.

  This second embodiment also has the same operational effects as the first embodiment.

<Third Embodiment>
FIGS. 16-20 is a figure which shows the die (10) for extrusion molding which is an example of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. As shown in these drawings, the extrusion die (10) of the third embodiment is different from the extrusion die (10) of the first and second embodiments in the shape (configuration) of the port hole (24). Is different.

  That is, in the extrusion molding die (10) of the present embodiment, a pair of port holes (24) (on the both sides of the pressure receiving portion (21) corresponding to both sides in the thickness direction of the flat extrusion holes (11). 24) is formed. The inlet portion (24e) of the port hole (24) is formed in a substantially trapezoidal shape as viewed from the upstream side in the axial direction, as in the first embodiment.

  Further, the port hole (24) has an outer chamfered portion (242) so that a corner portion between the outer peripheral surface (24b) and the pressure receiving surface (22) of the inner peripheral surface is cut off.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 20, when the inclination angle with respect to the axis (A1) of the outer chamfered portion (242) is “θ2”, the inclination angle (θ2) is 25 to 50 °, more preferably 30 to 45 °. It is good to set to.

  Further, the length of the outer surface (24b) on the inner peripheral surface of the port hole in a state where the outer chamfered portion (242) is not formed is “Lb”, and the length (L2) of the length (L2) obtained by chamfering the length (Lb) When the ratio is the chamfer ratio of the outer chamfered portion (242), the chamfer ratio (L2 / Lb) is 0.2 / 1 to 0.9 / 1, more preferably 0.4 / 1 to 0.8. It is better to set to / 1.

  That is, when the inclination angle (θ2) and the chamfering ratio (L2 / Lb) of the outer chamfered part (242) are set within the specific range, the opening area of the port hole inlet part (24e) is increased to perform extrusion. The billet can be guided to the inside from the inlet portion (24e) of the port hole (24) in a stable state while suppressing the load.

  In the present embodiment, in the state before the outer chamfered portion (242) is formed on the outer surface (24b) on the inner peripheral surface of the port hole (24), the inner surface on the inner peripheral surface of the port hole (24) ( 24a) and the outer surface (24b) are arranged substantially parallel to each other, and the inclination angle (θa) of the inner surface (24a) with respect to the axis (A1) and the inclination of the outer surface (24b) with respect to the axis (A1). It is almost equal to the angle (θb).

  In the third embodiment, other configurations are substantially the same as those of the first and second embodiments. Furthermore, the extrusion die (10) of the third embodiment is also extruded as described above and has the same effects as described above.

<Fourth embodiment>
FIGS. 21-25 is a figure which shows the die (10) for extrusion molding which is an example of 4th Embodiment of this invention. As shown in these drawings, in the extrusion die (10) of the fourth embodiment, a pair of port holes (24) and (24) are formed on both sides of the pressure receiving portion (21) as in the third embodiment. Is formed. An inner side chamfered portion (241) is formed so that a corner portion between the inner side surface (24a) of the port hole (24) and the pressure receiving surface (22) is cut off.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 25, when the inclination angle with respect to the axis (A1) of the inner chamfered portion (241) is “θ1”, the inclination angle (θ1) is −10 to 10 °, more preferably −3 to 3. It should be set to 5 °.

  Further, the length of the inner surface (24a) on the inner peripheral surface of the port hole in a state where the inner surface chamfered portion (241) is not formed is “La”, and the length (L1) of the length (L1) obtained by chamfering the length (La) is set. When the ratio is the chamfer ratio of the inner chamfered portion (241), the chamfer ratio (L1 / La) is 0.2 / 1 to 0.9 / 1, more preferably 0.4 / 1 to 0.8. It is better to set to / 1.

That is, when the inclination angle (θ1) and the chamfering ratio (L1 / La) of the inner side chamfered portion (241) are set within the specific range, the opening area of the port hole inlet portion (24e) is increased to perform extrusion. The billet can be guided to the inside from the inlet portion (24e) of the port hole (24) in a stable state while suppressing the load.
In the present embodiment, in the state before the inner surface chamfered portion (241) is formed on the inner side surface (24a) on the inner peripheral surface of the port hole (24), the inner side surface on the inner peripheral surface of the port hole (24) ( 24a) and the outer surface (24b) are arranged substantially parallel to each other, and the inclination angle (θa) of the inner surface (24a) with respect to the axis (A1) and the inclination of the outer surface (24b) with respect to the axis (A1). It is almost equal to the angle (θb).

  In the fourth embodiment, other configurations are substantially the same as those of the first and second embodiments. Further, the extrusion molding die (10) of the fourth embodiment is extruded in the same manner as described above and has the same effects as described above.

<Modification>
In the said embodiment, although the pressure receiving surface (22) is formed in the hemispherical convex spherical surface, in this invention, the shape of a pressure receiving surface is not restricted only to it.

  For example, the pressure receiving surface may be formed in a polyhedral shape constituted by a large number of surfaces. That is, it may be formed in a polyhedral shape such as a polygonal pyramid shape in which a plurality of surfaces are arranged in the circumferential direction, a polyhedral shape in which a plurality of surfaces are arranged in the radial direction, or the like. In this case, each surface constituting the pressure receiving surface may be a flat surface or a curved surface.

  Furthermore, the pressure receiving part is a horizontally long shape in which the horizontal direction is longer than the vertical direction among the vertical direction and the horizontal direction orthogonal to the axial direction, for example, a horizontally long elliptical shape when viewed from the upstream side in the axial direction, or the axial direction You may make it form in a horizontally long ellipse shape etc. in the state seen from the upstream.

  Further, the pressure receiving portion is formed in a shape in which the projecting dimension in the axial direction is longer than the radial dimension orthogonal to the axial direction, for example, a semi-ellipsoidal shape divided into two in the major axis direction. May be.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the dice case (20) is formed integrally, it is not restricted only to it, In this invention, you may comprise so that a dice case can be divided | segmented into two or more members. For example, the die case may be composed of two members, a male die case that holds a male die and a female die case that holds a female die.

  In the above embodiment, the male die, the female die, and the flow control plate are configured separately from the die case. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and in the present invention, the male die, the female die, and At least one of the flow control plates may be formed integrally with the die case. Furthermore, in the present invention, the flow control plate can be omitted if necessary.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although demonstrated taking the case of the die | dye which extrudes a flat porous tube material as an example, in this invention, the shape (shape of an extrusion hole) of an extrusion product is not specifically limited. For example, in the present invention, a circular mandrel is provided in a male die, a circular die hole is provided in a female die, and an annular extrusion hole is formed so that a circular tube material is extruded. Also good.

  In the above embodiment, the case where two port holes are formed on both sides of the shaft center has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, one or more port holes are provided. May be.

  In particular, when extruding a circular tube material, it is desirable to form three or more port holes at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the base part is provided in the front-end part in a dice case, in this invention, it is not necessary to necessarily provide a base part.

Further, in the embodiment, the case where one extrusion die is set in the container has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and in the present invention, the extrusion in which two or more extrusion dies can be set in the container. A molding machine can also be employed.
In the present invention, as in the above embodiment, the rear end surface (base end surface) of the male die (30) is a part of the convex surface (spherical surface) that follows the billet pressure receiving surface (22) of the pressure receiving portion (21). It is desirable that a desired smooth convex surface (spherical surface) is formed in cooperation with the rear end surface of the male die (30) and the billet pressure receiving surface (22). The rear end surface (base end surface) of the male die (30) is not limited to being formed in this way, but may be formed as follows, for example. That is, in the present invention, when the surface area of the rear end surface of the male die (30) is, for example, 1/3 or less of the surface area of the billet pressure receiving surface (22) of the die (10), the male die (30 ) Of the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder in which the width direction (longitudinal direction) is formed in an arc shape following the billet pressure receiving surface (22) and the short side direction (thickness direction) is formed in a straight line. You may make it comprise by a part. When the surface area of the rear end surface of the male die (30) is so small, the rear end surface of the male die (30) is formed not on a part of the convex surface (spherical surface) but on a part of the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder. This is because the processing cost of the rear end face of the male die (30) can be reduced while the influence on the die life and the extrusion load due to this is small.

<Example 1>
As shown in Table 1, an extrusion die (10) corresponding to the first embodiment (see FIGS. 1 to 5) was prepared. Two port holes (24) of the pressure receiving portion (21) in the die case (20) of the die (10) are formed corresponding to both sides in the thickness direction of the extrusion hole (11). Each port hole (24) has an inner surface (24a) with an inclination angle (θa) of 10 ° and an outer surface (24b) with an inclination angle (θb) of 25 °. Furthermore, the width dimension of each port hole (24) is set to be constant from the inlet (24e) to the inside.

  The billet pressure-receiving surface (22) is formed as a convex spherical surface of a half sphere with a radius of 30 mm. The male die (30) has a mandrel (31) thickness of 2.0 mm, a mandrel (31) width of 19.2 mm, a passage molding convex portion (33) height of 1.2 mm, and a passage molding. The width of the projection (33) is adjusted to 0.6 mm, and the width of the partition forming groove (32) is adjusted to 0.2 mm.

  Further, in the female die (40), the height of the die hole (41) is adjusted to 1.7 mm, and the width of the die hole (41) is adjusted to 20.0 mm.

  The extrusion die (10) is set in an extrusion molding machine similar to that of the above embodiment as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, and extrusion molding is performed to obtain a flat porous tube (heat exchange) as shown in FIGS. A dexterous tube) was manufactured.

  Then, the die life (the amount of material introduced until the die was cracked or worn (ton)) and the extrusion load were measured, and the limiting factors of the die life were further investigated. The results are shown in Table 1.

<Example 2>
As shown in Table 1, an extrusion die (10) corresponding to the second embodiment (see FIGS. 12 to 15) was prepared. That is, the port hole (24) in the pressure receiving portion (21) is formed to have a gradually smaller width from the inlet portion (24e) to the inside. At this time, the width direction opening angle (θw) is set to 15 °. Further, the inner side surface (24a) and the outer side surface (24b) on the inner peripheral surface of the port hole are arranged in parallel with each other with their inclination angles (θa) (θb) set to 10 °.

  Except for this, an extrusion molding die (10) similar to that described above was prepared, and the same evaluation was performed by performing extrusion molding in the same manner as described above.

<Example 3>
As shown in Table 1, an extrusion die (10) corresponding to the third embodiment (see FIGS. 16 to 20) was prepared. That is, the inner side surface (24a) and the outer side surface (24b) on the inner peripheral surface of the port hole of the pressure receiving portion (21) are arranged in parallel at an inclination angle (θa) (θb) of 10 °. Further, a chamfered portion (242) is formed outside the inlet portion (24e) in the port hole (24). The outer chamfered portion (242) has an inclination angle (θ2) set to 45 ° and a length set to 5 mm. The chamfered portion (242) chamfer ratio (L2 / Lb) is 0.23 / 1.

  The width dimension of the port hole (24) is set to be constant from the inlet (24e) to the inside.

  Except for this, an extrusion molding die (10) similar to that described above was prepared, and extrusion molding was performed in the same manner as described above and evaluated in the same manner.

<Example 4>
As shown in Table 1, an extrusion die (10) corresponding to the fourth embodiment (see FIGS. 21 to 25) was prepared. That is, the inner side surface (24a) and the outer side surface (24b) on the inner peripheral surface of the port hole of the pressure receiving portion (21) are arranged in parallel at an inclination angle (θa) (θb) of 10 °. Further, a chamfered portion (241) is formed inside the inlet portion (24e) in the port hole (24). The inner side chamfered portion (241) has an inclination angle (θ1) set to 0 ° (parallel to the axis A1) and a length (L1) set to 10 mm. The chamfering ratio (L1 / La) of the chamfered portion (241) is 0.35 / 1.

  The width dimension of the port hole (24) is set to be constant from the inlet (24e) to the inside.

  Except for this, an extrusion molding die (10) similar to that described above was prepared, and extrusion molding was performed in the same manner as described above and evaluated in the same manner.

<Reference example>
As shown in Table 1, the pressure receiving portion is formed in a hemispherical shape having a radius of 30 mm and a height (length in the axial direction) of 15 mm.

  In addition, the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the inner peripheral surface of the port hole of the pressure receiving portion are arranged in parallel at an inclination angle (θa) (θb) of 10 °, and the width dimension of the port hole (24) It is set constant from (24e) to the inside.

  Except for this, an extrusion molding die (10) similar to that described above was prepared, and extrusion molding was performed in the same manner as described above and evaluated in the same manner.

<Comparative example>
As shown in Table 1, a bridge-type extrusion die was prepared in which the radius was 30 mm, the height (length in the extrusion direction) was 50 mm, and the pressure-receiving surface was finished to a flat surface perpendicular to the extrusion direction. The inclination angle with respect to the axis in the metal material introduction direction is substantially 0 °. Other configurations are the same as those in the above embodiment.

  The molding die was set in an extrusion molding machine in the same manner as described above to produce an extruded product, and evaluated in the same manner as described above.

<Evaluation>
As shown in Table 1, in Examples 1 to 4, the wear of the male die is a life limiting factor, and has a sufficiently long die life. Further, the extrusion load of the examples was relatively low, and the extrusion molding could be performed smoothly.

  On the other hand, in the comparative example, the crack of the male die is a life limiting factor, the die life is short, and the extrusion load is also large.

  In the reference example, the wear of the male die was a life limiting factor and the life was relatively long, but the extrusion load was larger than that in the example.

<Example 5>
As shown in Table 2, an extrusion die (10) corresponding to the first embodiment (see FIGS. 1 to 5) was prepared. Two port holes (24) of the pressure receiving portion (21) in the die case (20) of the die (10) are formed corresponding to both sides in the thickness direction of the extrusion hole (11). Each port hole (24) has an inner surface (24a) with an inclination angle (θa) of 10 ° and an outer surface (24b) with an inclination angle (θb) of 25 °. Furthermore, the width dimension of each port hole (24) is set to be constant from the inlet (24e) to the inside.
The billet pressure-receiving surface (22) is composed of a 1/8 spherical convex spherical surface, and its spherical radius is set to 45.4 mm. The diameter of the pressure receiving portion (21) is adjusted to 60 mm.
In the male die (30), the height (thickness) of the mandrel (31) is 2.0 mm, the width of the mandrel (31) is 19.2 mm, and the height of the passage molding convex part (33) is 1. 2 mm, the width | variety of the convex part for channel | path shaping | molding (33) was 0.6 mm, and the width | variety of the groove | channel for partition shaping | molding (32) was 0.2 mm.
Further, the female die (40) used had a die hole (41) height of 1.7 mm and a die hole (41) width of 20.0 mm.
This extrusion die (10) is set in an extrusion molding machine similar to that of the first embodiment as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, and extrusion molding is carried out to produce an aluminum alloy as shown in FIGS. A flat porous tube (heat exchange tube) was manufactured.
The die life (ton / die) was measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

<Example 6>
As shown in Table 2, the billet pressure receiving surface (22) is constituted by a convex spherical surface of a 1/6 sphere, and the spherical radius is set to 40.3 mm. A forming die (10) was prepared, set in a similar extruder, and similarly extruded to produce a flat porous tube.

<Example 7>
As shown in Table 2, the billet pressure receiving surface (22) is constituted by a convex spherical surface of a 1/3 sphere, and its spherical radius is set to 32.0 mm. A forming die (10) was prepared, set in a similar extruder, and similarly extruded to produce a flat porous tube.

<Example 8>
As shown in Table 2, the billet pressure-receiving surface (22) is composed of a half spherical convex spherical surface, and its spherical radius is set to 30.0 mm. A forming die (10) was prepared, set in a similar extruder, and similarly extruded to produce a flat porous tube.

<Example 9>
As shown in Table 2, the billet pressure receiving surface (22) is constituted by a convex spherical surface of a 4/6 sphere, and the spherical radius is set to 32.0 mm. A forming die (10) was prepared, set in a similar extruder, and similarly extruded to produce a flat porous tube.

<Example 10>
As shown in Table 2, the billet pressure-receiving surface (22) is constituted by a convex spherical surface of a 5/6 sphere, and the spherical radius is set to 40.3 mm. A forming die (10) was prepared, set in a similar extruder, and similarly extruded to produce a flat porous tube.

<Evaluation>
As shown in Table 2, when the billet pressure receiving surface (22) has a large spherical radius and a relatively small protrusion amount (Example 5), the die life was slightly shortened.
Further, when the spherical radius on the billet pressure receiving surface (22) is small and the protruding amount of the sphere is relatively large (Example 10), a long die life can be secured, but the processing of the billet pressure receiving surface (22) is slightly difficult. it is conceivable that.
On the other hand, in the case where the billet pressure-receiving surface (22) is set to an appropriate convex shape, that is, the convex spherical surface of 1/6 to 4/6 sphere (Examples 6 to 9), the die life is increased. In addition to lengthening the production time, the production costs for the dice were also reduced. In particular, when the billet pressure-receiving surface (22) is set to a 1/2 spherical convex spherical surface (Example 8), the die production cost can be reduced while securing a sufficient die life, and excellent results. was gotten.
In addition, compared with the thing of Example 8, when a billet pressure-receiving surface (22) is set to the convex spherical surface of a 4/6 sphere (Example 9), die production costs become somewhat high, and Examples 6-9 Among them, the results were slightly inferior.

  The metal material extrusion die of the present invention can be used for producing extruded products such as hollow tubes, for example, heat exchange tubes for automobile air conditioner gas coolers, evaporators, home water heaters, and the like.

It is a perspective view which shows the die for extrusion molding which is an example of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the die for extrusion molding which is an example of 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which cuts and shows the extrusion die which is an example of a 1st embodiment. It is a one-side sectional view showing an extrusion die which is an example of the first embodiment. It is other side sectional drawing which shows the die | dye for extrusion molding which is an example of 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which expands and shows the inside of the die for extrusion molding which is an example of 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which cuts and shows the principal part of the extrusion molding machine with which the extrusion die which is an example of 1st Embodiment was applied. It is a one-side sectional view showing a die periphery in an extrusion molding machine which is an example of the first embodiment. It is other side sectional drawing which shows the die periphery in the extrusion molding machine which is an example of 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the porous hollow material extruded by the extruder which is an example of 1st Embodiment. It is front sectional drawing which shows the porous hollow material extruded by the extruder which is an example of 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the die for extrusion molding which is an example of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the die for extrusion molding which is an example of 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which notches and shows the extrusion die which is an example of 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the die | dye for extrusion molding which is an example of 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the die for extrusion molding which is an example of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the die for extrusion molding which is an example of 3rd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which notches and shows the extrusion die which is an example of 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the die for extrusion molding which is an example of 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the die case of the die for extrusion molding which is an example of 3rd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the die for extrusion molding which is an example of 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the die for extrusion molding which is an example of 4th Embodiment. It is a perspective view which notches and shows the extrusion die which is an example of 4th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the die for extrusion molding which is an example of 4th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the die case of the die for extrusion molding which is an example of 4th Embodiment. It is the perspective view which shows the conventional die for extrusion molding, Comprising: The figure (a) is a perspective view which decomposes | disassembles a porthole die, The figure (b) is a perspective view which decomposes | disassembles a spider die, FIG. c) is a perspective view showing a bridge die.

Explanation of symbols

6 ... Container 10 ... Extrusion die 11 ... Extrusion hole 20 ... Die case 21 ... Pressure receiving part 22 ... Billet pressure receiving surface (metal material pressure receiving surface)
24 ... Port hole 24a ... Inner side surface 24b ... Outer side surface 24e ... Inlet portion 241, 242 ... Chamfered portion 30 ... Male die 33 ... Convex-forming convex portion 40 ... Female die 60 ... Hollow material 63 ... Passage A1 ... Die case (Pressure-receiving part) Axis θa ... Inclined angle of inner side surface θb ... Inclined angle of outer side surface

Claims (20)

A die case having a pressure receiving portion having an outer surface as a metal material pressure receiving surface, and facing rearward so that the metal material pressure receiving surface faces the extrusion direction of the metal material;
A male die provided in the die case;
A female die provided in the die case and forming an extrusion hole with the male die, and
The pressure-receiving surface is formed in a convex shape that protrudes rearward, and a port hole for introducing a metal material is provided on the outer periphery of the pressure-receiving portion, while the port hole has an opening area at the inlet portion where the internal passage is cut off. Formed larger than the area,
A metal material extrusion die characterized in that the metal material pressed against the metal material pressure-receiving surface is guided into the die case through the port hole and passes through the extrusion hole.   The die for extrusion molding of a metal material according to claim 1, wherein the port hole is formed so that a passage cross-sectional area gradually decreases from an inlet portion to an inside thereof.   The die for extrusion molding of a metal material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the radial length (thickness) of the inlet portion in the port hole is set larger than the internal thickness.   The metal material extrusion die according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a circumferential length (width) of the inlet portion in the port hole is set to be larger than an internal width.   The die for extrusion molding of a metal material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a chamfered portion is formed on an outer peripheral portion of the periphery of the inlet portion of the port hole.   The die for extrusion molding of a metal material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a chamfered portion is formed at an inner side portion of the periphery of the inlet portion of the port hole.   The extrusion of the metal material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an inclination angle on an outer surface of the inner peripheral surface of the port hole is set larger than an inclination angle of the inner peripheral surface of the port hole with respect to the axis. Die for molding.   The die for extrusion molding of a metal material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the metal material pressure-receiving surface is constituted by a convex spherical surface of 1/6 to 4/6 spheres.   The die for extrusion molding of a metal material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a plurality of port holes are formed at regular intervals around the axis of the die case in the circumferential direction. The extrusion hole is formed in a flat shape whose width is larger than the thickness,
The die for extrusion molding of a metal material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the port holes are formed at positions corresponding to both sides in the thickness direction of the extrusion holes. The male die and the female die form a flat annular extrusion hole whose height (thickness) is smaller than the width,
The portion corresponding to the extrusion hole of the male die is formed in a comb-like shape having a plurality of projections for forming a passage arranged side by side in the width direction,
The die for extrusion molding of a metal material according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a porous hollow material in which a plurality of passages are provided in the width direction is formed by passing the metal material through the extrusion hole. An annular extrusion hole is formed by the male die and the female die,
The die for extrusion molding of a metal material according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a tube material having an annular cross section is formed by passing the metal material through the extrusion hole.   The metal material extrusion die according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the metal material is aluminum or an alloy thereof.   An extrusion molded article is formed using the extrusion die described in any one of claims 1 to 12. A method for producing an extrusion molded article.   A method for producing a porous hollow material, comprising forming the porous hollow material using the extrusion die according to claim 11.   A method for producing an extruded tube material, wherein the extruded tube material is molded using the extrusion die described in claim 12. It has a pressure-receiving part whose outer surface is a metal-material pressure-receiving surface, and the metal-material pressure-receiving surface is arranged rearward so as to oppose the extrusion direction of the metal material, while a male die and a female die are provided inside A die case for an extrusion die,
The pressure-receiving surface is formed in a convex shape that protrudes rearward, and a port hole for introducing a metal material is provided on the outer periphery of the pressure-receiving portion, while the port hole has an opening area at the inlet portion where the internal passage is cut off. Formed larger than the area,
A die case for a die for extrusion molding, wherein the metal material pressed against the metal material pressure receiving surface is guided into the die case through the port hole and passes through the extrusion hole.   The die case of the die for extrusion molding according to claim 17, wherein the pressure-receiving surface of the metal material is constituted by a convex spherical surface of 1/6 to 4/6 sphere. A method for extruding a metal material,
A die case having a pressure receiving portion having an outer surface as a metal material pressure receiving surface, and facing rearward so that the metal material pressure receiving surface faces the extrusion direction of the metal material;
A male die provided in the die case;
A female die provided in the die case and forming an extrusion hole with the male die; and
The pressure receiving surface is formed in a convex shape that protrudes backward, and a port hole for introducing a metal material is provided on the outer periphery of the pressure receiving portion, while the port hole has an opening area of the inlet portion determined from the internal passage cross-sectional area. Also formed large,
A method of extruding a metal material, characterized in that a metal material pressed against a metal material pressure-receiving surface is guided through a port hole into a die case and passed through an extrusion hole. A metal material extrusion machine comprising a container and an extrusion die set in the container, wherein the metal material in the container is supplied to the extrusion die,
The extrusion die is
A die case having a pressure receiving portion having an outer surface as a metal material pressure receiving surface, and facing rearward so that the metal material pressure receiving surface faces the extrusion direction of the metal material;
A male die provided in the die case;
A female die provided in the die case and forming an extrusion hole with the male die, and
The pressure-receiving surface is formed in a convex shape that protrudes rearward, and a port hole for introducing a metal material is provided on the outer periphery of the pressure-receiving portion, while the port hole has an opening area at the inlet portion where the internal passage is cut off. Formed larger than the area,
A metal material extrusion molding machine characterized in that the metal material pressed against the metal material pressure receiving surface is guided into the die case through the port hole and passes through the extrusion hole.

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