JP5049993B2

JP5049993B2 - Sealing material

Info

Publication number: JP5049993B2
Application number: JP2009067276A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 修次石井; 敦細川
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Cable Industries Ltd
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Cable Industries Ltd
Priority date: 2009-03-19
Filing date: 2009-03-19
Publication date: 2012-10-17
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-19
Also published as: JP2010216632A

Description

本発明はシール材に係り、特に、電磁弁等の方向切換弁のスプールに凹設された凹溝に装着して使用されるシール材に関する。 The present invention relates to a sealing material, and more particularly, to a sealing material used by being mounted in a concave groove formed in a spool of a direction switching valve such as an electromagnetic valve.

方向切換弁は、バルブボディー内のスプール孔にスプールを摺動自在に挿入して、スプールを軸心方向に移動させて、バルブボディーの流体流入ポート，流体吐出ポート等を切り換えるのに広く使用されている弁である。 Directional switching valves are widely used to switch the fluid inlet port, fluid outlet port, etc. of the valve body by inserting the spool slidably into the spool hole in the valve body and moving the spool in the axial direction. It is a valve.

図17に拡大図にて例示するように、スプール41の外周面に形成されたシール用凹溝42内に、ゴム等の弾性材製シール材43が嵌着（装着）され、バルブボディー44のスプール孔45の内周面の内、内径寸法Ｄが減少してラップ仕上げ等の研磨加工が施された摺接孔部（ランド部）46に、軸心方向Ｊに摺動自在に接触して、密封作用を行う。 As illustrated in an enlarged view in FIG. 17, a sealing material 43 made of an elastic material such as rubber is fitted (attached) in a sealing groove 42 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the spool 41, and the valve body 44 Of the inner peripheral surface of the spool hole 45, the inner diameter dimension D is reduced, and a sliding contact hole (land part) 46 which has been subjected to polishing such as lapping is slidably contacted in the axial direction J. Performs a sealing action.

バルブホディー44のスプール孔45は、上記摺接孔部（ランド部）46と、勾配面47を介して大径に形成され（図外の）ポート部が開設される大径孔部48と、を有し、図17（Ａ）に示すようにシール材43が大径孔部48に位置するときは、流体がスプール41とスプール孔45内面との間を通過可能（流れ得る）状態にある。 The spool hole 45 of the valve body 44 includes the sliding contact hole portion (land portion) 46 and a large diameter hole portion 48 formed with a large diameter via a sloped surface 47 (not shown) where a port portion is opened. 17A, when the sealing material 43 is positioned in the large-diameter hole portion 48, the fluid can pass between the spool 41 and the inner surface of the spool hole 45 (can flow).

そして、図17（Ｂ）のように、スプール41が矢印Ｋにて示すように移動すると、シール材43は勾配面47を越えて直ちに摺接孔部（ランド部）46に対応する密封位置に切り換わり、（図外の）隣り合うポートとポートの間の流体の流れが遮断される。 Then, as shown in FIG. 17B, when the spool 41 moves as indicated by an arrow K, the sealing material 43 immediately passes over the sloped surface 47 and is in a sealing position corresponding to the sliding contact hole portion (land portion) 46. The fluid flow between adjacent ports (not shown) is interrupted.

ところで、従来、このような切換弁のスプール41に使用されてきたシール材43は、図18に例示するように横断面形状が、同図（ａ）に示す円形のＯリングや、同図（ｂ）及び図17に示す長円形シール材43（特許文献１参照）、あるいは、図18（ｃ）に示した２連珠形シール材、同図（ｄ）に示した特殊な小凹窪部49，49を有する略矩形のもの（特許文献２参照）が、知られている。 By the way, the sealing material 43 conventionally used in the spool 41 of such a switching valve has a circular O-ring shown in FIG. b) and an oval sealing material 43 shown in FIG. 17 (refer to Patent Document 1), or a double pearl-shaped sealing material shown in FIG. 18C, and a special small concave recess 49 shown in FIG. , 49 (see Patent Document 2).

特開平８−１７０７４３号公報JP-A-8-170743 実開平５− ７９１４３号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-79143

ところが、従来の図18（ａ）〜（ｄ）のいずれの横断面形状のシール材も、次のような問題がある。即ち、図17（Ａ）から（Ｂ）へ矢印Ｋ方向にスプール41が移動し、シール材43が、しだいに縮径する勾配面47と、スプール41外周部との間に、挟まれて噛み込みを生じ、同図（Ｃ）に示すような「欠け」等の損傷を受けるという問題、及び、上記噛み込みによってスプール41が正常に矢印Ｊ方向に作動しなくなるという問題がある。 However, the conventional sealing material having any cross-sectional shape shown in FIGS. 18 (a) to 18 (d) has the following problems. That is, the spool 41 moves in the direction of arrow K from FIG. 17A to FIG. 17B, and the sealing material 43 is sandwiched between the sloped surface 47 that gradually decreases in diameter and the outer peripheral portion of the spool 41 and bites. There is a problem that it is jammed and is damaged such as “chip” as shown in FIG. 5C, and a problem that the spool 41 does not normally operate in the direction of arrow J due to the above-mentioned biting.

本発明者等は、従来のシール材43が何故に噛み込みを生じ易いかという疑問に関して多大な試行錯誤と実験を繰り返した結果、次の事実を究明した。つまり、図17（Ａ）に示すように、切換弁の切換途中では瞬間的に激しい流体の流れＦ₁が発生し、シール材43に矢印Ｍ方向の揚力が発生し、このままで同図（Ｂ）のように勾配面47に到達して、勾配面47とスプール41の外周部との間でシール材43が挟まれるということである。図18の他のシール材（ａ）（ｃ）（ｄ）についても、同様の現象が発生し、全てのものが「欠け」等の損傷50を早期に発生したり、スプール作動不良を生じる。
そこで、本発明は、このような噛み込みを防止して、耐久性を向上し、スプールの作動不良を防止することを目的とする。 As a result of repeated trials and errors and experiments regarding the question of why the conventional sealing material 43 is likely to bite, the present inventors have found the following facts. That is, as shown in FIG. 17A, during the switching of the switching valve, an intense fluid flow F ₁ is instantaneously generated, and a lifting force in the direction of arrow M is generated in the sealing material 43, and this figure (B ), The seal material 43 is sandwiched between the slope surface 47 and the outer peripheral portion of the spool 41. The same phenomenon also occurs for the other sealing materials (a), (c), and (d) in FIG. 18, and all of them cause damage 50 such as “chip” at an early stage, or cause a defective spool operation.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to prevent such biting, improve durability, and prevent malfunction of the spool.

そこで、本発明は、往復動するスプールの外周面に形成された凹溝に装着されるシール材に於て、上記凹溝の奥部に対応する基部と、該基部からラジアル外方向へ立設された胴部と、該胴部のラジアル方向外端に連設された肩部と、該肩部からラジアル外方向へ突出状の小頭部とを、備えた横断面形状であって、上記小頭部は横断面形状が略半円形であって、上記基部，胴部，肩部，小頭部の各幅寸法を、Ｗ₀，Ｗ₁，Ｗ₂，Ｗ₃とすると、0.5・Ｗ ₀ ≦Ｗ ₁ ≦ 0.7・Ｗ ₀ ，0.9・Ｗ ₀ ≦Ｗ ₂ ≦ Ｗ ₀ ，0.5・Ｗ ₀ ≦Ｗ ₃ ≦ 0.8・Ｗ ₀なる関係式が成立し、さらに、上記基部と胴部の段付部の横断面形状は、アキシャル方向直線状又はアキシャル外方下傾状若しくはアール形状とし、上記肩部は、上記胴部に対向する内周側段付部の横断面形状が円弧凸状又はアキシャル外方上傾状に形成したものである。 Accordingly, the present invention provides a seal member mounted in a concave groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of a reciprocating spool, and a base portion corresponding to the deep portion of the concave groove, and a radially outward direction from the base portion. and the body that is, a shoulder portion provided continuously in the radial direction outer end of the body portion, and a small head protruded from the shoulder portion to the radial outward direction, a cross-sectional shape with the above small head is a substantially semi-circular cross-sectional shape, the base portion, the body portion, shoulder portion, each width of the small head, when _{_{_{W 0, W 1, W 2}}} , W 3, 0.5 · W _The relational expression of ₀ ≦ W ₁ ≦ 0.7 · W ₀ , 0.9 · W ₀ ≦ W ₂ ≦ W ₀ , 0.5 · W ₀ ≦ W ₃ ≦ 0.8 · W ₀ is established, and the above-mentioned base and body are stepped. cross-sectional shape of the parts are the axial linear or axial outward under傾状or rounded shape, the shoulder, the cross-sectional shape of the inner peripheral stepped portion opposite to the body portion arc convex Or it is obtained by forming the axial outside Katanokami傾状.

また、上記基部の内周面の横断面形状が、上記基部の幅寸法の50％以上の半径を有する円弧凸状とした。
また、上記基部の内周面の横断面形状が、略直線状とした。
また、横断面における全体高さ寸法をＨ₀とすると、 1.5・Ｗ₀≦Ｈ₀≦３・Ｗ₀なる関係式が成立して、横断面形状がラジアル方向に細長く構成されている。 Also, the cross-sectional shape of the inner peripheral surface of the base portion and an arcuate convex shape having a 50% or more of the radial width dimension of the base portion.
Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the inner peripheral surface of the base portion was substantially linear.
Further, assuming that the overall height dimension in the cross section is H ₀ , the relational expression 1.5 · W ₀ ≦ H ₀ ≦ 3 · W ₀ is established, and the cross section is configured to be elongated in the radial direction.

また、横断面における上記胴部の高さ寸法をＨ₁とし、全体高さ寸法をＨ₀とすると、
0.2・Ｈ₀≦Ｈ₁≦0.35・Ｈ₀かつ 1.5・Ｗ₀≦Ｈ₀≦３・Ｗ₀なる関係式が成立して、横断面形状がラジアル方向に細長く構成されている。
また、上記胴部と基部と肩部によって、アキシャル外方向に開口状の浅皿型凹溝部が包囲形成されていると共に、シール軸心方向から見て、多数本の放射枝状のリブを上記浅皿型凹溝部に一体に形成したものである。 In addition, when the height dimension of the body portion in the cross section is H ₁ and the overall height dimension is H ₀ ,
The relational expression 0.2 · H ₀ ≦ H ₁ ≦ 0.35 · H ₀ and 1.5 · W ₀ ≦ H ₀ ≦ 3 · W ₀ is established, and the cross-sectional shape is elongated in the radial direction.
Also, by the body portion and the base portion and the shoulder portion, an opening shaped shallow dish recessed groove portion in the axial outward direction is surrounded formed, when viewed from the seal axis direction, the emission branch of rib multiplicity of It is formed integrally with the shallow dish type concave groove portion.

本発明のシール材によれば、所期目的を達成して、シール材外周側の噛み込みが発生せず、長寿命化を達成できる。そして、電磁方向切換弁等のスプールの円滑な切換作動を長期間に渡って、実現できる。さらに、従来のシール材の「欠け」によって、発生する流体機器の作動部（スプールを含む）の不良発生を、有効に防ぐこともできる。 According to the sealing material of the present invention, the intended purpose can be achieved, the biting on the outer peripheral side of the sealing material does not occur, and a long life can be achieved. A smooth switching operation of a spool such as an electromagnetic direction switching valve can be realized over a long period of time. Furthermore, it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of defects in the operating portion (including the spool) of the fluid device that occurs due to the “chip” of the conventional sealing material.

本発明の第１の実施の形態を示す拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view showing a 1st embodiment of the present invention. 第１の実施の形態の寸法と形状の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the dimension and shape of 1st Embodiment. 第２の実施の形態を示す拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view showing a 2nd embodiment. 第２の実施の形態の寸法と形状の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the dimension and shape of 2nd Embodiment. 第３の実施の形態を示す拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view showing a 3rd embodiment. 第３の実施の形態の寸法と形状の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the dimension and shape of 3rd Embodiment. 第４の実施の形態を示す拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view showing a 4th embodiment. 第４の実施の形態の寸法と形状の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the dimension and shape of 4th Embodiment. 第５の実施の形態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows 5th Embodiment. 第５の実施の形態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows 5th Embodiment. 図９のＡ−Ａ拡大断面図である。It is AA expanded sectional drawing of FIG. 図９のＢ−Ｂ拡大断面図である。It is BB expanded sectional drawing of FIG. 使用状態の一例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a use condition. 作用説明のための要部拡大断面図である。It is a principal part expanded sectional view for an effect | action description. 作用説明のための要部拡大断面図である。It is a principal part expanded sectional view for an effect | action description. 作用説明のための要部拡大断面図である。It is a principal part expanded sectional view for an effect | action description. 従来例の作用及び構成を説明する要部拡大断面図である。It is a principal part expanded sectional view explaining the effect | action and structure of a prior art example. 従来例の説明用断面図である。It is sectional drawing for description of a prior art example.

以下、実施の形態を示す図面に基づき本発明を詳説する。
図13に電磁方向切換弁２を示し、バルブボディー３のスプール孔４に、軸心Ｌ₁方向に往復動可能にスプール１が挿入されている。なお、５は、流体流入ポート，流体吐出ポート等の各種ポートを示し、バルブボディー３に開設され、隣り合うポート間には、従来例の図17に於て既に説明したと同じ、摺接孔部（ランド部）46がスプール孔４に所定の間隔をもって配設されている。６はソレノイド、７はスプリングを示す。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings illustrating embodiments.
FIG. 13 shows an electromagnetic direction switching valve 2 in which a spool 1 is inserted into a spool hole 4 of a valve body 3 so as to be able to reciprocate in the direction of the axis L ₁ . Reference numeral 5 denotes various ports such as a fluid inflow port and a fluid discharge port, which are opened in the valve body 3 and between the adjacent ports are the same sliding contact holes as already explained in FIG. A portion (land portion) 46 is disposed in the spool hole 4 with a predetermined interval. 6 is a solenoid, and 7 is a spring.

本発明に係るシール材Ｓは、このような切換弁２のスプール１に嵌着（装着）されるものであって、例えば、図１と図２に示した第１の実施の形態のシール材Ｓが、スプール１の外周面に形成された凹溝42に装着された拡大図を、図14〜図16に例示する。 The sealing material S according to the present invention is fitted (attached) to the spool 1 of such a switching valve 2, and is, for example, the sealing material of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. FIGS. 14 to 16 illustrate enlarged views in which S is mounted in a concave groove 42 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the spool 1.

そして、図１，図２の第１の実施の形態、図３，図４の第２の実施の形態、図５，図６の第３の実施の形態、図７，図８の第４の実施の形態に共通する構成から説明し、その後、各実施の形態の特徴的な構成について、追加説明する。 1 and FIG. 2, the second embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4, the third embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6, and the fourth embodiment of FIGS. The configuration common to the embodiments will be described, and then the characteristic configuration of each embodiment will be additionally described.

本発明に係るシール材Ｓは、ゴム状弾性体（エラストマー）から構成され、例えば、ニトリルゴム，水素化ニトリルゴム，ウレタンゴム，ふっ素ゴム等が使用可能である。 The sealing material S according to the present invention is composed of a rubber-like elastic body (elastomer). For example, nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, urethane rubber, fluorine rubber, or the like can be used.

各実施の形態に於て、スプール１の凹溝42の奥部（溝底側）42ａに対応する基部８を有し、さらに、この基部８からラジアル外方向へ立設された胴部11を有し、また、胴部11のラジアル方向外端に連設された肩部12を有する。しかも、この肩部12からラジアル外方向へ突出状の小頭部13を有する。
つまり、シール材Ｓは、横断面形状が、基部８と胴部11と肩部12と小頭部13とを、一体に有するラジアル方向（上下方向と呼ぶ）に細長状である。 In each of the embodiments, a base portion 8 corresponding to a deep portion (groove bottom side) 42a of the concave groove 42 of the spool 1 is provided, and a body portion 11 erected radially outward from the base portion 8 is further provided. And a shoulder portion 12 connected to the radially outer end of the body portion 11. Moreover, it has a small head 13 that protrudes radially outward from the shoulder 12.
That is, the sealing material S has an elongated shape in the radial direction (referred to as the vertical direction) integrally including the base portion 8, the trunk portion 11, the shoulder portion 12, and the small head portion 13.

図２，図４，図６，図８に示すように、基部８，胴部11，肩部12，小頭部13の各々の幅寸法を、Ｗ₀，Ｗ₁，Ｗ₂，Ｗ₃とすると、Ｗ₁＜Ｗ₂≦Ｗ₀、かつ、Ｗ₃＜Ｗ₂≦Ｗ₀なる関係式が成立するように、設定する。 As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, 6, and 8, the width of each of the base 8, the body 11, the shoulder 12, and the small head 13 is expressed as W ₀ , W ₁ , W ₂ , W ₃ . Then, settings are made so that the relational expression of W ₁ <W ₂ ≦ W ₀ and W ₃ <W ₂ ≦ W ₀ is satisfied.

さらに、横断面における全体高さ寸法をＨ₀とすると、最大幅を示す基部８の幅寸法Ｗ₀との関係は次式が成立する。
即ち、 1.5・Ｗ₀≦Ｈ₀≦３・Ｗ₀とする。
特に、 1.8・Ｗ₀≦Ｈ₀≦ 2.5・Ｗ₀とするのが好ましい。このように、シール材Ｓの横断面形状は、ラジアル方向に細長く構成されている。 Furthermore, if the entire height of the cross section and H _0, the relationship between the width dimension W ₀ of the base 8 showing the maximum width The following equation is established.
That is, 1.5 · W ₀ ≦ H ₀ ≦ 3 · W ₀ .
In particular, 1.8 · W ₀ ≦ H ₀ ≦ 2.5 · W ₀ is preferable. Thus, the cross-sectional shape of the sealing material S is elongated in the radial direction.

そして、横断面における胴部11の高さ寸法（ラジアル方向の寸法）をＨ₁とすると、前記全体高さ寸法Ｈ₀との関係は、次のようになっている。
0.2・Ｈ₀≦Ｈ₁≦0.35・Ｈ₀ Then, assuming that the height dimension (dimension in the radial direction) of the body portion 11 in the cross section is H ₁ , the relationship with the overall height dimension H ₀ is as follows.
0.2 ・ H ₀ ≦ H ₁ ≦ 0.35 ・ H ₀

また、基部８，胴部11，肩部12，小頭部13の各幅寸法は、前述のように、各々、Ｗ₀，Ｗ₁，Ｗ₂，Ｗ₃としたが、さらに、次式が成立するように設定する。
つまり、 0.5・Ｗ₀≦Ｗ₁≦ 0.7・Ｗ₀
0.5・Ｗ₀≦Ｗ₃≦ 0.8・Ｗ₀
とする。このように、胴部11は左右幅寸法Ｗ₁は小さく、かつ、高さ寸法Ｈ₁は大きいといえる。 Further, the base portion 8, the body portion 11, shoulder portion 12, the width dimension of the small head 13, as described above, respectively, to have been the _{_{_{W 0, W 1, W 2}}} , W 3, and et al, the following Set so that the equation holds.
That is, 0.5 · W ₀ ≦ W ₁ ≦ 0.7 · W ₀
0.5 ・ W ₀ ≦ W ₃ ≦ 0.8 ・ W ₀
And Thus, it can be said that the body part 11 has a small left-right width dimension W ₁ and a large height dimension H ₁ .

次に、図１と図２、及び、図３と図４の第１・第２の実施の形態では、基部８と胴部11の段付部９の横断面形状は、軸心Ｌ₁と平行な方向───アキシャル方向───に直線状である。このようにすれば、図13と図14に示すように、流体圧力Ｐを段付部９が受けて、凹溝42の奥部（溝底）42ａに向かう押圧力Ｆ₈が基部８に作用し、小頭部13が凹溝42側へ僅かに動き、噛み込みが有効に防止されつつ、図15から図16のように、勾配部47から摺接孔部（ランド部）46へ、小頭部13がスムースに摺動する。 Next, in the first and second embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2, and FIGS. 3 and 4, the cross-sectional shape of the stepped portion 9 of the base portion 8 and the trunk portion 11 is the axis L ₁ . It is linear in the parallel direction ─── axial direction ───. In this way, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the stepped portion 9 receives the fluid pressure P, and the pressing force F ₈ directed toward the deep portion (groove bottom) 42 a of the concave groove 42 acts on the base portion 8. However, the small head 13 slightly moves toward the concave groove 42 side, and the biting is effectively prevented, while the small head 13 is moved from the slope portion 47 to the sliding contact hole portion (land portion) 46 as shown in FIGS. The head 13 slides smoothly.

また、図５，図６に示す第３の実施の形態のように、基部８と胴部11の段付部９を、アキシャル外方下傾状の勾配面に形成するも、同様の作用効果が発揮される。軸心Ｌ₁に対する基部８の上面（段付部９）の勾配角度をαとすれば、０°＜α≦45°に設定する。また、図７と図８に示す第４の実施の形態のように、基部８と胴部11の段付部９を、アール形状（円弧凸型）とするも望ましい。このときも、同様の作用効果が発揮される。 Further, as in the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the step 8 of the base portion 8 and the trunk portion 11 are formed on an inclined surface having an axially outwardly inclined shape. Is demonstrated. If the slope angle of the upper surface (the stepped portion 9) of the base 8 with respect to the axis L ₁ and alpha, is set to 0 ° <α ≦ 45 °. Further, as in the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, it is desirable that the stepped portion 9 of the base portion 8 and the trunk portion 11 is formed in a round shape (arc convex shape). Also at this time, the same effect is exhibited.

次に、図１，図２、及び、図５，図６では、肩部12の内周面、即ち、胴部11に対向する内周側段付部14は、横断面円弧凸状に形成される。あるいは、図３，図４、及び、図７，図８では、この内周側段付部14は、アキシャル外方上傾状に形成される。つまり、この内周側段付部14は、軸心Ｌ₁と平行な方向（アキシャル方向）の外方向にしだいに上方へ向かう上傾ストレート状である。さらに、この段付部14の軸心Ｌ₁に対する傾斜角度をθとすると、30°≦θ≦60°とする。 Next, in FIGS. 1, 2, 5, and 6, the inner peripheral surface of the shoulder portion 12, that is, the inner peripheral side stepped portion 14 that opposes the trunk portion 11 is formed in a convex shape in a cross-section arc shape. Is done. Alternatively, in FIGS. 3, 4, 7, and 8, the inner peripheral side stepped portion 14 is formed in an axially outwardly inclined shape. That is, the inner peripheral side stepped portion 14 has an upwardly inclined straight shape that gradually goes upward in the outer direction in the direction parallel to the axis L ₁ (axial direction). Further, if the inclination angle of the stepped portion 14 with respect to the axis L ₁ is θ, 30 ° ≦ θ ≦ 60 °.

上述のように、肩部12の下面に相当する内周側段付部14の横断面形状を、円弧凸状やアキシャル外方上傾状とすれば、軸心Ｌ₁と平行な方向にする場合に比べて、ラジアル外方向への受圧に伴う引伸し外力が小さくなり、図14から図15のように、小頭部13が、亀の頭を引込めるが如くに、短縮する動きを、邪魔しない。 As described above, if the cross-sectional shape of the inner peripheral stepped portion 14 corresponding to the lower surface of the shoulder portion 12 is an arc convex shape or an axially outwardly inclined shape, the direction is parallel to the axis L _1. Compared to the case, the expansion external force due to the pressure receiving in the radial outward direction is reduced, and as shown in FIGS. 14 to 15, the small head 13 is obstructing the shortening movement as the turtle head is retracted. do not do.

次に、図１，図２、及び、図３，図４に於て、基部８の内周面18の横断面形状は、基部８の幅寸法Ｗ₀の50％強の半径Ｒ₈を有する円弧凸状とする。あるいは、図５と図６に示すように、 0.5・Ｗ₀≦Ｒ₈の範囲で、比較的に大きな半径Ｒ₈としても良い。この場合、基部８の両側面には、ストレート部15，15が形成される。 Next, in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 4, the cross-sectional shape of the inner peripheral surface 18 of the base 8 has a radius R ₈ that is slightly more than 50% of the width dimension W ₀ of the base 8. The arc is convex. Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a relatively large radius R ₈ may be set in a range of 0.5 · W ₀ ≦ R ₈ . In this case, straight portions 15 and 15 are formed on both side surfaces of the base portion 8.

また、図７，図８の第４の実施の形態に示すように、基部８の内周面18を、略直線状として、軸心Ｌ₁と平行なストレートに形成するも、好ましい。なお、左右両角部には、小アール状の面取り16，16を形成し、又は、45°面取り16Ａを２点鎖線のように形成するのが良い。 Further, as shown in the fourth embodiment in FIGS. 7 and 8, it is also preferable to form the inner peripheral surface 18 of the base portion 8 in a straight line parallel to the axis L _{1 so} as to be substantially linear. It should be noted that small rounded chamfers 16 and 16 may be formed at both left and right corners, or 45 ° chamfers 16A may be formed as indicated by two-dot chain lines.

ところで、図１〜図８に於て例示の基部８、胴部11、肩部12の各々の形状を交互に入れ換えて、組み合わすことも、自由である（図示省略）。なお、小頭部13は略半円形の丸味のある形状で、噛み込み防止に役に立つ。 By the way, it is also possible to interchange the shapes of the base portion 8, the trunk portion 11, and the shoulder portion 12 illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 8 and to combine them (not shown). Incidentally, the small head 13 is substantially semicircular in some form of rounded, useful anti-jamming.

次に、図９，図10、及び、図９のＡ−Ａ拡大断面を示す図11と、図９のＢ−Ｂ拡大断面を示す図12に示した別の実施の形態について説明すれば、図12は例えば、図１，図２の第１の実施の形態と同様の構成の横断面を示すのに対し、図11では、十分に断面積が増加した形状である。 Next, FIG. 11, FIG. 10, and FIG. 11 showing the AA enlarged cross section of FIG. 9 and another embodiment shown in FIG. 12 showing the BB enlarged cross section of FIG. For example, FIG. 12 shows a cross section having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, whereas FIG. 11 shows a shape with a sufficiently increased cross sectional area.

即ち、胴部11と基部８と肩部12によって、アキシャル外方向に開口状の浅皿型凹溝部19，19が、包囲形成されているが、シール軸心Ｌ₁の方向から見て（図９参照）、多数本の放射枝状のリブ20を、浅皿型凹溝部19に一体に形成して、剛性増大を図っている。なお、図11では、図12の肩部12の左右最外端と、基部８の左右最外端とを、連結するように、リブ20が浅皿型凹溝部19を完全に埋めている。また、図12の代わりに、前述した図３〜図８等の横断面形状のものをベースとして、リブ20を付加する構成も、自由である。 That is, the body portion 11 and the base portion 8 and the shoulder 12, the opening shape of the shallow dish type recesses 19 and 19 in the axial outside direction, but are surrounded formed, when viewed from the direction of the seal axis L ₁ (FIG. 9), a large number of radial branch-like ribs 20 are formed integrally with the shallow dish-shaped concave groove portion 19 to increase the rigidity. In FIG. 11, the rib 20 completely fills the shallow dish-shaped groove 19 so as to connect the left and right outermost ends of the shoulder 12 and the left and right outermost ends of the base 8 in FIG. 12. Further, instead of FIG. 12, a configuration in which the rib 20 is added based on the cross-sectional shape shown in FIGS.

次に、上述のように構成された本発明のシール材Ｓの作用と機能と用途及び切換弁２の内部の構成等について以下説明すると、図13、及び、図14〜図16に示すように、スプール１の外周面に（台形状の）突条部21が外鍔状に形成され、その中間にシール用凹溝42が、ラジアル方向に縦長状として、凹設され、ゴム等の弾性材製の本シール材Ｓが嵌着（装着）され、バルブボディー44のスプール孔45の内、内径寸法Ｄが減少して研磨加工が施された摺接孔部（ランド部）46に、軸心方向Ｊに摺動可能に接触して、図16のように、密封状態となる。 Next, the operation, function and application of the sealing material S of the present invention configured as described above, the internal configuration of the switching valve 2 and the like will be described below. As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 to 16. A (trapezoidal) ridge 21 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the spool 1 in the shape of an outer casing, and a concave groove 42 for sealing is provided in the middle as a vertically long shape, and an elastic material such as rubber. The main seal material S is fitted (attached), and the shaft center is placed in the slidable contact hole (land part) 46 in which the inner diameter dimension D of the spool hole 45 of the valve body 44 is reduced and polished. A slidable contact in direction J results in a sealed state as shown in FIG.

バルブボディー44のスプール孔45は、摺接孔部（ランド部）46と、（図13のように）ポート５が開設される大径孔部48とを交互に有し、図14に示すようにシール材Ｓが大径孔部48に対応するときには、流体はスプール１とスプール孔45の内面との間を、通過可能（流れ得る）状態にある。 The spool hole 45 of the valve body 44 has alternately a sliding contact portion (land portion) 46 and a large-diameter hole portion 48 in which the port 5 is opened (as shown in FIG. 13), as shown in FIG. When the sealing material S corresponds to the large-diameter hole 48, the fluid is in a state where it can pass (can flow) between the spool 1 and the inner surface of the spool hole 45.

そして、図15に示すように、スプール１が矢印Ｋにて示すように移動すると、シール材Ｓは、その小頭部13が勾配面47に軽く接しつつ摺動して越えて、図16に示すように、直ちに摺接孔部（ランド部）46に密に接触して、密封状態を保持し、もって、隣り合うポート５，５（図13参照）の相互間を遮断し、切換弁２は、例えば、第１出力ポートからの出力状態、第２出力ポートからの排出状態、あるいは、中立状態等に、切り換わる。 Then, as shown in FIG. 15, when the spool 1 moves as indicated by the arrow K, the sealing material S slides over while the small head 13 is lightly in contact with the sloped surface 47, and FIG. As shown in the drawing, the slidable contact hole portion (land portion) 46 immediately comes into close contact with each other to maintain a sealed state, thereby blocking between the adjacent ports 5 and 5 (see FIG. 13). Are switched to, for example, an output state from the first output port, a discharge state from the second output port, or a neutral state.

そして、図14に示すように、スプール１が矢印Ｋ方向に移動し、シール材Ｓが縮径する勾配面47に接近した際に、激しい流体流れＦ₁が発生したとしても、本発明に係るシール材Ｓは、流体圧力Ｐを基部８の段付部９が受けて、基部８は押圧力Ｆ₈にて溝底（凹溝奥部）42ａへ押付けられるように（ラジアル方向に）圧縮弾性変形を起こし、これに伴って、小頭部13は、（あたかも亀が頭を引込めるような）亀頭引込作動によって、凹溝42の開口端近傍まで収縮し、図14から図15を越えて、図16の状態に、小頭部13は損傷を受けることなく円滑に切り換わる。なお、図15に示すように、他のポートからの流体圧による流れＦ₂が存在したとしても、同様に流体圧力Ｐが段付部９に作用して、上記亀頭引込作動を助長する。 Then, as shown in FIG. 14, even when a violent fluid flow F ₁ is generated when the spool 1 moves in the direction of the arrow K and approaches the inclined surface 47 on which the sealing material S has a reduced diameter, the present invention is concerned. sealing material S, the fluid pressure P receives the stepped portion 9 of the base 8, the base 8 (the radial direction) to be pressed against the groove bottom (groove inner portion) 42a at the pressing force F ₈ compressive elasticity Along with this, the small head 13 contracts to the vicinity of the open end of the concave groove 42 by a glans retraction operation (as if a turtle retracts the head), and from FIG. 14 to FIG. 16, the small head 13 is smoothly switched without being damaged. As shown in FIG. 15, even if there is a flow F ₂ due to fluid pressure from other ports, the fluid pressure P acts on the stepped portion 9 in the same manner to promote the glans retraction operation.

さらに、肩部12の幅寸法Ｗ₂よりも小頭部13の幅寸法Ｗ₃が小さいので、小頭部13はその弾性変形によって、容易に（図15に示す如く）勾配面47と突条部21との間に挾み込まれることを逃げることが可能であり、かつ、胴部11はその幅寸法Ｗ₁が小さいため、弾性変形しつつ図15のように弾性的に弯曲変形して、一層、小頭部13の亀頭引込作動を瞬時に助けることが可能である。このようにして、従来の図18に例示したシール材では、避けることが困難であった噛み込みと（欠け等の）損傷50（図17参照）を、巧妙に防いでいる。従って、本発明に係るシール材Ｓは、極めて高速で瞬時に切り換わる電磁切換弁に於ても、長期間安定した作動を保証し、長寿命である。 Furthermore, since than the width W ₂ of the shoulder portion 12 smaller width dimension W ₃ of the small head 13, the small head 13 by its elastic deformation, (as shown in FIG. 15) easily and slope surface 47 protrusion It is possible to escape from being caught between the portion 21 and the body portion 11 has a small width dimension W ₁ , so that it is elastically deformed as shown in FIG. 15 while being elastically deformed. Furthermore, the glans retraction operation of the small head 13 can be instantly helped. In this way, the conventional sealing material illustrated in FIG. 18 skillfully prevents biting and damage 50 (see FIG. 17) that are difficult to avoid. Therefore, the sealing material S according to the present invention ensures a stable operation for a long period of time and has a long life even in an electromagnetic switching valve that switches instantaneously at an extremely high speed.

さらに、本発明に係るシール材Ｓは、胴部11及び小頭部13が、その幅寸法Ｗ₁，Ｗ₃が小さく、弾性的圧縮変形が容易な構成であるので、スプール孔４の内面への接触面圧は十分に小さくなり、これに伴って、摺動抵抗も低減でき、シール材Ｓの負荷低減になって、一層の長寿命化が期待できる。 Furthermore, the sealing material S according to the present invention has a configuration in which the body portion 11 and the small head portion 13 have small width dimensions W ₁ and W _{3 and} can be easily elastically deformed to the inner surface of the spool hole 4. The contact surface pressure is sufficiently small, and accordingly, the sliding resistance can be reduced, the load of the sealing material S can be reduced, and a longer life can be expected.

本発明は、以上述べたように、往復動するスプール１の外周面に形成された凹溝42に装着されるシール材に於て、上記凹溝42の奥部42ａに対応する基部８と、該基部８からラジアル外方向へ立設された胴部11と、該胴部11のラジアル方向外端に連設された肩部12と、該肩部12からラジアル外方向へ突出状の小頭部13とを、備えた横断面形状であって、上記基部８，胴部11，肩部12，小頭部13の各幅寸法を、Ｗ₀，Ｗ₁，Ｗ₂，Ｗ₃とすると、Ｗ₁＜Ｗ₂≦Ｗ₀，Ｗ₃＜Ｗ₂≦Ｗ₀なる関係式が成立し、さらに、上記基部８と胴部11の段付部９の横断面形状は、アキシャル方向直線状又はアキシャル外方下傾状若しくはアール形状とした構成であるので、凹溝42の奥部42ａに、基部８は（浮上らずに）常時安定して保持され、特に、（図14と図15に示すように）流体圧力Ｐを受けて奥部42ａへ押圧保持され、凹溝42の開口部近傍の小頭部13は、亀頭引込作動を起こして、しかも、肉厚（幅寸法Ｗ₁）の小さい胴部11はラジアル方向への弾性圧縮変形及び弾性曲げ変形によって、一層、スプール孔４の内面との挾み込みを回避でき、噛み込みを有効防止できる。これにより、従来の欠け等の損傷50（図17（Ｃ）参照）を防止できて、長寿命化を図り得る。かつ、スプール１の作動不良も発生しない。このように本発明は、電磁切換弁のシール材として、極めて好適である。 As described above, the present invention provides a base material 8 corresponding to the deep part 42a of the concave groove 42 in the sealing material attached to the concave groove 42 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the spool 1 that reciprocates. A trunk portion 11 erected from the base portion 8 in the radial outward direction, a shoulder portion 12 connected to the radially outer end of the trunk portion 11, and a small head protruding from the shoulder portion 12 in the radial outward direction The cross-sectional shape provided with the portion 13, and the width dimensions of the base portion 8, the trunk portion 11, the shoulder portion 12, and the small head portion 13 are W ₀ , W ₁ , W ₂ , W ₃ , The relational expressions W ₁ <W ₂ ≦ W ₀ , W ₃ <W ₂ ≦ W ₀ are satisfied, and the cross-sectional shape of the stepped portion 9 of the base portion 8 and the body portion 11 is linear in the axial direction or axial. Since the configuration is an outwardly downwardly inclined shape or a rounded shape, the base portion 8 is always stably held (without floating) in the inner portion 42a of the concave groove 42, and particularly (shown in FIGS. 14 and 15). Like ) Is undergoing fluid pressure P pressed and held to the back portion 42a, opening the small head 13 in the vicinity of the groove 42, causing the glans pull operation, moreover, a small barrel of thickness (width W ₁₎ No. 11 can further avoid pinching with the inner surface of the spool hole 4 by elastic compression deformation and elastic bending deformation in the radial direction, and can effectively prevent biting. Thereby, the conventional damage 50 such as chipping (see FIG. 17C) can be prevented, and the life can be extended. In addition, the malfunction of the spool 1 does not occur. Thus, the present invention is extremely suitable as a sealing material for an electromagnetic switching valve.

また、上記肩部12は、上記胴部11に対向する内周側段付部14の横断面形状が円弧凸状又はアキシャル外方上傾状に形成したので、肩部12がラジアル外方向への流体圧力を受けて移動することを防ぎ、これに伴って、小頭部13がスプール孔４の内面側へ大きく突出して、噛み込みを生ずることを防止する。 Further, since the shoulder 12 is formed such that the cross-sectional shape of the inner peripheral stepped portion 14 facing the body 11 is an arc convex shape or an axially outwardly inclined shape, the shoulder 12 is directed radially outward. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the small head 13 from greatly protruding toward the inner surface side of the spool hole 4 and causing the biting.

また、上記基部８の内周面18の横断面形状が、上記基部８の幅寸法Ｗ₀の50％以上の半径Ｒ₈を有する円弧凸状としたので、基部８がシール材全体の剛性を高め、不意にシール材が凹溝42の奥部42ａから浮上ってしまうことを防ぎ、スプール孔４との噛み込みを防ぐのに寄与できる。 Further, since the cross-sectional shape of the inner peripheral surface 18 of the base ₈ is an arc convex shape having a radius R ₈ that is 50% or more of the width dimension W ₀ of the base 8, the base 8 provides the rigidity of the entire sealing material. It is possible to prevent the seal material from unexpectedly rising from the inner portion 42a of the concave groove 42, and to prevent biting with the spool hole 4.

また、上記基部８の内周面18の横断面形状が、略直線状であるので、基部８がシール材全体の剛性を高め、不意にシール材が凹溝42の奥部42ａから浮上ってしまうことを防ぎ、スプール孔４との噛み込みを防ぐのに寄与できる。 Further, since the cross-sectional shape of the inner peripheral surface 18 of the base portion 8 is substantially linear, the base portion 8 increases the rigidity of the entire sealing material, and the sealing material unexpectedly floats from the back portion 42a of the concave groove 42. This can contribute to the prevention of biting with the spool hole 4.

また、横断面における全体高さ寸法をＨ₀とすると、 1.5・Ｗ₀≦Ｈ₀≦３・Ｗ₀なる関係式が成立して、横断面形状がラジアル方向に細長く構成されているので、不意にシール材が凹溝42の奥部42ａから浮上ってしまうことを防ぎ、スプール孔４との噛み込みを防ぐのに寄与できる。さらに、スプール孔４の内面との接触面圧が低減して、摺動抵抗の低減が図られ、シール材の寿命も、さらに延びる。 Also, assuming that the overall height dimension in the cross section is H ₀ , the relational expression 1.5 · W ₀ ≦ H ₀ ≦ 3 · W ₀ is established, and the cross-sectional shape is elongated in the radial direction. In addition, it is possible to prevent the sealing material from floating from the inner portion 42 a of the concave groove 42, and to contribute to preventing biting with the spool hole 4. Further, the contact surface pressure with the inner surface of the spool hole 4 is reduced, the sliding resistance is reduced, and the life of the sealing material is further extended.

また、横断面における上記胴部11の高さ寸法をＨ₁とし、全体高さ寸法をＨ₀とすると、 0.2・Ｈ₀≦Ｈ₁≦0.35・Ｈ₀かつ 1.5・Ｗ₀≦Ｈ₀≦３・Ｗ₀なる関係式が成立して、横断面形状がラジアル方向に細長く構成されているので、不意にシール材が凹溝42の奥部42ａから浮上ってしまうことを防ぎ、スプール孔４との噛み込みを防ぐのに寄与できる。さらに、スプール孔４の内面との接触面圧が低下し、摺動抵抗が低減して、シール材の寿命が一層延びる。 Further, when the height dimension of the body portion 11 in the cross section is H ₁ and the overall height dimension is H ₀ , 0.2 · H ₀ ≦ H ₁ ≦ 0.35 · H ₀ and 1.5 · W ₀ ≦ H ₀ ≦ 3 Since the relational expression W ₀ is established and the cross-sectional shape is elongated in the radial direction, the seal material is prevented from unexpectedly rising from the inner part 42a of the concave groove 42, and the spool hole 4 It can contribute to preventing biting. Furthermore, the contact surface pressure with the inner surface of the spool hole 4 is reduced, the sliding resistance is reduced, and the life of the sealing material is further extended.

また、上記各寸法Ｗ₀，Ｗ₁，Ｗ₂，Ｗ₃の間に、 0.5・Ｗ₀≦Ｗ₁≦ 0.7・Ｗ₀， 0.9・Ｗ₀≦Ｗ₂≦ Ｗ₀ ，0.5・Ｗ₀≦Ｗ₃≦ 0.8・Ｗ₀が成立するように構成したので、Ｗ₁とＷ₃が十分に小さく設定されて、図15に既述したように、胴部11と小頭部13の弾性的変形がスムースに行われて、噛み込みを有効に防止でき、かつ、接触面圧の低下と摺動抵抗の低減が達成できることとなる。 Also, between the above dimensions W ₀ , W ₁ , W ₂ , W ₃ , 0.5 · W ₀ ≦ W ₁ ≦ 0.7 · W ₀ , 0.9 · W ₀ ≦ W ₂ ≦ W ₀ , 0.5 · W ₀ ≦ W _{Since 3} ≦ 0.8 · W ₀ is established, W ₁ and W ₃ are set to be sufficiently small, and as described above with reference to FIG. It is performed smoothly, so that biting can be effectively prevented, and a reduction in contact surface pressure and a reduction in sliding resistance can be achieved.

また、上記胴部11と基部８と肩部12によって、アキシャル外方向に開口状の浅皿型凹溝部19，19が包囲形成されていると共に、シール軸心Ｌ₁方向から見て、多数本の放射枝状のリブ20を上記浅皿型凹溝部19に一体に形成したので、シール材としての剛性を必要に応じて、高めることが容易となる。 Further, by the body portion 11 and the base portion 8 and the shoulder 12, an opening shaped shallow dish type recesses 19 and 19 are surrounded formed in axial outward direction, viewed from the sealing axis L ₁ direction, the number Since the radial branch-shaped ribs 20 are formed integrally with the shallow dish-shaped concave groove portion 19, the rigidity as the sealing material can be easily increased as necessary.

Ｓシール材
８基部
11 胴部
12 肩部
13 小頭部
14 段付部
18 内周面
19 凹溝部
20 リブ
42 凹溝
42ａ奥部
Ｌ₁ 軸心
Ｗ₀，Ｗ₁，Ｗ₂，Ｗ₃ 幅寸法
Ｈ₀，Ｈ₁ 高さ寸法 S sealing material 8 base
11 Torso
12 shoulder
13 Small head
14 Stepped part
18 Inner surface
19 Concave groove
20 Ribs
42 groove
42a depth L ₁ axis W ₀ , W ₁ , W ₂ , W ₃ width dimensions H ₀ , H ₁ height dimensions

Claims

In the sealing material attached to the concave groove (42) formed on the outer peripheral surface of the reciprocating spool (1),
A base portion (8) corresponding to the back portion (42a) of the concave groove (42), a trunk portion (11) erected radially outward from the base portion (8), and a radial portion of the trunk portion (11) shoulders provided continuously in a direction outer end (12), and a protrusion-shaped small head in the radial outside direction (13) from the shoulder portion (12), a cross-sectional shape with the above microcephaly The section (13) has a substantially semicircular cross-sectional shape,
When the width dimensions of the base (8), the trunk (11), the shoulder (12), and the small head (13) are W ₀ , W ₁ , W ₂ , W ₃ ,
0.5 ・ W ₀ ≦ W ₁ ≦ 0.7 ・ W ₀
0.9 ・ W ₀ ≦ W ₂ ≦ W ₀
0.5 ・ W ₀ ≦ W ₃ ≦ 0.8 ・ W ₀
The following relational expression holds,
Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the stepped portion (9) of the base portion (8) and the trunk portion (11) is an axial direction linear shape, an axial outward downward inclined shape, or a round shape ,
The shoulder (12) is characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the inner peripheral side stepped portion (14) facing the body (11) is formed in an arc convex shape or an axially outwardly inclined shape. Seal material.

The cross-sectional shape of the inner peripheral surface (18) of the base portion ( ₈ ) is an arc convex shape having a radius (R ₈ ) of 50% or more of the width dimension W ₀ of the base portion (8) . Seal material.

The inner peripheral surface of the base portion (8) of cross-sectional shape (18), according to claim 1 Symbol mounting sealing material which is a substantially linear.

When the entire height of the cross section and _{_{H 0, 1.5 · W 0 ≦}} H 0 ≦ 3 · W 0 relational expression is satisfied, cross section according to claim 1 in which the shape is elongated configuration in the radial direction, 2 or 3. The sealing material according to 3 .

If the height dimension of the body (11) in the cross section is H ₁ and the overall height dimension is H ₀ ,
_{_{0.2 · H 0 ≦ H 1 ≦}} 0.35 · H 0 and _{_{1.5 · W 0 ≦ H 0 ≦}} 3 · W 0 relational expression is satisfied, cross-sectional shape is elongated configuration in the radial direction according to claim 1, 3. The sealing material according to 3 .

The body portion (11), the base portion (8), and the shoulder portion (12) form a shallow dish-shaped concave groove portion (19) (19) in the axial outward direction so as to surround the seal shaft (L ₁₎ when viewed from the direction, large number of claims radiating branch rib (20) is formed integrally with the shallow dish type recesses portion (19) of 1,2,3, 4 or 5 sealing material according.