JP5049600B2 - Power distribution system control system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a distribution system control system, and more particularly to a system for controlling the voltage and power flow of a distribution system.

  Power sources that use natural energy, such as solar power generation and wind power generation, are expected as countermeasures against fossil fuel depletion and global environmental problems. However, since these power sources (hereinafter referred to as natural energy power sources) cannot perform output control, the power generation amount cannot be predicted in advance.

  For this reason, the current distribution system minimizes the impact on output fluctuations by reducing the amount of natural energy power introduced, and operates on a plan basis based on the offline calculation results of voltage and power flow ( For example, see Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2.)

  Conventionally, control of a distribution system has been performed by a distribution automation system such as turning on / off of an automatic switch installed on a distribution line and switching taps of an automatic voltage regulator.

  Generally, in the distribution system, as shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of distribution lines 201, 202, 203,... Are drawn from the distribution substation 100, and each distribution line 201, 202 installed in the underground conduit or on the utility pole. , 203, ... supply power to consumers in the supply target area.

  The distribution lines 201, 202, 203,... Are normally divided into sections by a normally closed switch 401 in an on state. In addition, the distribution line is provided with a connection line so that power can be transmitted by switching between adjacent distribution lines 301 and 303 at the time of an accident or work, and a normally open switch 402 that is normally cut off at the connection point. is set up.

  FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional distribution automation system. In the distribution substation 100, a main transformer 101, distribution lines 201 and 202 drawn from the main transformer 101, and a distribution line breaker 102 are installed. Also, the current sensor 103 and voltage sensor 104 installed in the distribution substation 100 measure the send-out voltage and the current of the bus and each distribution line, and the substation slave station 501 sends these measured values via the transmission line 502. The data is transmitted to the control computer 500 placed at a sales office or the like.

  The normally open switch 401 and the normally closed switch 402 of the distribution lines 201 and 202 are provided with a switch slave station 503 to which power is supplied from the distribution lines 201 and 202 via the control transformer 403. The slave station 503 is connected through the control computer 500 and the transmission line 502. With such a distribution automation system, status monitoring of the distribution system, remote operation of the switch, automatic recovery from accidental power failure, automatic operation of work power failure, recording of measurement data and accident related information are performed.

  In the distribution substation 100, the tap voltage of the main transformer 101 is adjusted to adjust the supply voltage. In the distribution lines 201 and 202, in order to keep the voltage fluctuation within the allowable upper and lower limit range, the tap transformer of the pole transformer is adjusted, and the power capacitor (SC) and shunt reactor (ShR) installed in the distribution line. In addition to voltage adjustment by turning on / off, voltage regulators such as SVR (Step Voltage Regulator) and SVC (Static Var Compensator) control the voltage at the installation point.

These phase adjusting equipments perform autonomous control so as to enter a set value set by performing offline calculation in advance. In recent years, SVR and SVC that can be remotely controlled by a distribution automation system have been developed.
Power Distribution Automation Study Group “Introduction to Power Distribution Automation System” Ohm, 1991, pp. 1-13 Electric Cooperative Research Vol. 60, No. 2, “Current Status of Power Quality in Power Distribution Systems and Technology for Response”, Electric Cooperative Research Group, March 2005, pp. 131-137 IEEJ Technical Report No. 923 "Metaheuristics Application Technology to Electric Power Systems" IEEJ, June 2003, pp. 17-43 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-56737 (pages 24, 25, 68-72) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-219558 JP 2002-051466 A

  In order to introduce a large amount of natural energy power supply into the distribution system, it is necessary for the distribution automation system to perform control to optimize the voltage and power flow online according to the operating state of the natural energy power supply. However, there are the following problems.

  In order to solve the power distribution system optimization problem with high accuracy, generally, a long calculation time is required. Therefore, it is not suitable for on-line application that requires completion of calculation within a predetermined time.

  Therefore, in recent years, studies are being made to apply a metaheuristic technique for comprehensively obtaining an optimal solution while reducing calculation time to an optimization problem of a distribution system (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 3).

  However, there are concerns about the reliability of the method and the stability of the solution, and it has not yet been applied online. In addition, depending on the configuration and state of the power distribution system, there is no orientation according to the optimization method to be applied, and there is no definitive solution.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described points, and an object thereof is to provide a distribution system control system that controls the voltage and power flow of the distribution system online.

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention,
Among the distribution systems that have distribution system equipment including circuit breakers, switches, and phase adjusting equipment, it is a system that performs online control so that the management value of the distribution system where natural energy power is introduced is optimized,
The phase-adjusting equipment consists of main transformer taps for distribution substations, pole transformer taps for distribution lines, power capacitors (SC) for distribution lines, shunt reactors (ShR), and step voltage regulators (SVR). And SVC (Static Var Compensator)
Configuration means of the power distribution system, demand data, on / off state of the circuit breaker and the switch, setting state of the phase adjusting equipment, and input means for taking measured values of voltage and current into the system;
Based on the input taken in the input means, a plurality of calculation means for calculating the operation amount of the distribution system equipment as a solution so that the management value is optimal,
Optimal solution selection means for selecting an optimal solution from the solutions of the plurality of calculation means, except for the solution of the calculation means in which the calculation time in the plurality of calculation means exceeds the cycle of the online control,
A power distribution system equipment control means for remotely controlling the amount of adjustment of the phase control equipment in the power distribution system equipment and / or the on / off state of the switch by the selected optimal solution. Distribution system control system,
Is to provide.

  As described above, in the present invention, while processing is performed in parallel by a plurality of computing means, by selecting a solution that can be solved within a predetermined control cycle, the management value of the distribution system is optimized online. Optimal control can be performed, and the most accurate solution can be selected from a plurality of solutions.

  Examples 1 to 7 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

Example 1
(Constitution)
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the first embodiment, the distribution system information storage means 1 for storing facility data such as the assumed demand, the distribution system configuration, and the on / off state of the switch and the adjustment value of the tap of the phase adjusting facility, and the stored data are input. Input means 2 for acquiring the measurement data of the distribution system such as voltage, current, active power and reactive power from the measuring instrument installed in the distribution system through the communication line, and the voltage of the distribution system under the input system state -A plurality of different calculation means 3 for calculating the operation amount such as the adjustment value of the phase adjusting equipment and the on / off state of the switch so as to optimize the power flow, and whether the calculation can be performed within a predetermined time for online control Calculation time measuring means 4 for measuring the power, optimum solution selecting means 5 for selecting the optimum solution from among the solutions of the plurality of computing means 3, and power distribution system equipment that can be remotely operated via a communication line as the optimum operation amount Remote control And a conductive line instrument controller 6.

(Function)
The flowchart shown in FIG. 2 shows the operation of the first embodiment, and is an example of a processing procedure for calculation performed in one control cycle. In order to input power distribution system information and optimally control the voltage and power flow of the power distribution system, perform calculations that use the operation amount such as the adjustment value of the phase adjusting equipment and the on / off state of the switch to remotely distribute the power distribution system equipment. Control. Online processing is performed by repeating this process for each control cycle.

  First, the input means 2 inputs assumed demand data, distribution system configuration and equipment data, equipment state data such as switch on / off state and phase control equipment tap value, and voltage / current measurement data (step S1). .

  Next, in order to optimize the control values of the distribution system, that is, the values such as voltage and overload, the adjustment values of each phase adjusting equipment installed in the distribution system and the operation amount such as the on / off state of each switch , 3n are processed in parallel in the calculation means 31, 32,..., 3n (step S2). The calculation means here can apply the calculation of operation monitoring control of the distribution system.

  Such a calculation is shown in Patent Document 1, for example. Although the control purpose of Patent Document 1 is to minimize power transmission loss, the calculation purpose of the present invention is not limited to minimizing power transmission loss, but to optimize the management value of the distribution system such as voltage and overload. For operations.

  In step S3, since the solutions of the respective calculation means 31, 32,..., 3n are obtained in order from the calculation means having the highest calculation speed, the one with the highest accuracy is selected from the sequentially obtained solutions.

  In step S4, the calculation time measuring means 4 measures the time from the start of this process. If the control period is exceeded, the calculation that cannot be solved is postponed, and the process proceeds to step S5. In step S5, the power distribution system equipment is remotely operated to an optimum operation amount.

  In the process of obtaining the optimum value performed in steps S2 to S4, when there are a plurality of control targets to be optimized, for example, when the distribution line loss is minimized and the management value of the voltage is optimized, the process of obtaining the optimum value is performed. You may solve separately in order from a control object with a large problem scale, and you may assign a weighting coefficient to each control object, and may solve simultaneously.

(effect)
According to the first embodiment, it is possible to perform optimal control of the distribution system online by selecting a solution that can be solved within a predetermined control cycle while processing in parallel by a plurality of computing means. The most accurate solution can be selected from a plurality of solutions.

(Example 2)
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation thereof. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure same as Example 1, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted. In the second embodiment, the optimum solution and selection condition history storage means 7 is provided as shown in FIG.

At this time, in the flowchart shown in FIG. 4, calculation of the adoption rate AR _x where each of the calculation means 31, 32,. The adoption rate AR _x (x = 1, 2,..., N) of each computing means can be calculated, for example, by the following equation (1) (step S6).

と計算できる。 Here, _CN is the total number of times of control in the target period, and _Nx is the number of times the computing means x is adopted. N _x is the number of times N _xpre used until the previous time,

Can be calculated.

In step S7, the history storage unit 7 of the selection conditions and optimum solution, it stores the adopted number N _x and adoption rate AR _x of the calculation means with selected conditions of optimal solutions. If the adoption rate is stored in this way, the user can select a calculation means according to the selection condition, or can be used for determination for replacing a calculation means having a low adoption rate with a different calculation means.

  According to the second embodiment, it is possible to obtain an optimal solution efficiently and perform optimal control of the distribution system online.

(Example 3)
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure same as Example 1 and 2, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the optimum solution and selection condition history storage means 7 performs the processing of steps S8 and S7 in the flowchart shown in FIG. First, in step S8, a solution is selected so that the accuracy is the highest and the control operation amount is the smallest among the solutions of the respective calculation means 31, 32,. The control operation amount is a value such as the adjustment amount of the phase adjusting equipment and the on / off of the switch that is operated by one control. In step S7, the selection condition and the history of the selected optimum solution are stored.

  According to the third embodiment, it is possible to perform optimal control of the distribution system online so that the control operation amount does not fluctuate and the operation is smooth in a continuous control cycle.

Example 4
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure same as Example 1 thru | or 3, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the fourth embodiment, the control cycle changing means 8 is provided as shown in FIG. When the user sees the fluctuation state of the power distribution system and determines that it is better to shorten the control cycle, the control cycle is changed. This change may be performed manually by the user, or may be automatically processed so as to change the control cycle for each time zone.

  According to the fourth embodiment, by making the control cycle variable, it is possible to perform optimal control of the power distribution system finely online according to the fluctuation status of the power distribution system.

(Example 5)
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure same as Example 1 thru | or 4, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, it is determined whether or not the improvement degree of the management value of the distribution system by the optimum value (difference between the previous time and the current time) is small, and the step S9 is smaller than the improvement degree criterion. Will maintain the current status without remote control of distribution system equipment. If there is an improvement effect due to the optimum value, the process proceeds to step S5 to remotely control the power distribution system equipment.

  According to the fifth embodiment, it is possible to perform the optimal control of the power distribution system online without operating the power distribution system devices without darkness.

(Example 6)
Next, Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the sixth embodiment, the calculation algorithm in the calculation means 31, 32, ..., 3n shown in Fig. 3 is an algorithm in which the calculation means sequentially improves and updates the solution.

  There is a metaheuristic method for such operations, and it is possible to obtain an optimal solution for a large-scale problem in a realistic calculation time. (See Patent Document 3).

  In the sixth embodiment, when the optimization selecting means 5 selects a solution, a sub-optimal solution in the middle of calculation of the calculation means 31, 32,... It is characterized by doing.

  According to the sixth embodiment, if a quasi-optimal solution is obtained within the control period, the operation amount of the distribution system device can be obtained, so that the optimal control of the distribution system can be performed online.

(Example 7)
Next, Embodiment 7 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The seventh embodiment is characterized in that a calculation algorithm in the calculation means 31, 32,..., 3n shown in FIG.

  According to the seventh embodiment, since parallel processing is performed by a plurality of computers, each operation can be performed at a higher speed than that performed by one computer having the same specifications, and thus a solution that can be solved within a predetermined control cycle at a higher speed. Can be selected.

The figure which shows the structure of Example 1 and Example 2 of this invention. The flowchart for demonstrating the power distribution system control process of Example 1 of this invention. The figure which shows the structure of Example 2 of this invention. The flowchart for demonstrating the power distribution system control process of Example 2 of this invention. The flowchart for demonstrating the power distribution system control process of Example 3 of this invention. The figure which shows the structure of Example 4 of this invention. The flowchart for demonstrating the power distribution system control process of Example 5 of this invention. The figure which shows the structure of the conventional power distribution system. The figure for demonstrating the conventional power distribution system control system.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Distribution system information memory | storage means 2 ... Distribution system information input means 3 ... Means to calculate the operation amount of the apparatus which controls the voltage and power flow of a distribution system to an optimal value 4 ... Calculation time measurement means 5 ... Optimal solution selection means 6 ... Optimal solution output means 7 ... Optimal solution and selection condition storage means 8 ... Calculation means adoption rate calculation / determination means 9 ... Control cycle changing means

Claims (7)

Among the distribution systems that have distribution system equipment including circuit breakers, switches, and phase adjusting equipment, it is a system that performs online control so that the management value of the distribution system where natural energy power is introduced is optimized,
The phase-adjusting equipment consists of main transformer taps for distribution substations, pole transformer taps for distribution lines, power capacitors (SC) for distribution lines, shunt reactors (ShR), and step voltage regulators (SVR). And SVC (Static Var Compensator)
Configuration means of the power distribution system, demand data, on / off state of the circuit breaker and the switch, setting state of the phase adjusting equipment, and input means for taking measured values of voltage and current into the system;
Based on the input taken in the input means, a plurality of calculation means for calculating the operation amount of the distribution system equipment as a solution so that the management value is optimal,
Optimal solution selection means for selecting an optimal solution from the solutions of the plurality of calculation means, except for the solution of the calculation means in which the calculation time in the plurality of calculation means exceeds the cycle of the online control,
A power distribution system equipment control means for remotely controlling the amount of adjustment of the phase control equipment in the power distribution system equipment and / or the on / off state of the switch by the selected optimal solution. Power distribution system control system. In the power distribution system control system according to claim 1,
The distribution system control system, wherein the optimum solution selection means comprises selected conditions and calculation means and means for storing a history of the solution. In the distribution system control system according to claim 1 or 2,
The optimal solution selection means includes a condition and a calculation means selected and a means for storing a history of the solution, and selects a solution so that a control operation amount is smooth in a continuous control section. Grid control system. In the power distribution system control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The distribution system control system characterized in that the cycle of the online control can be changed. In the power distribution system control system according to claim 1,
The power distribution system control system, wherein the power distribution system device control means maintains the current state without performing remote operation when the improvement effect of the management value is small. In the power distribution system control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A distribution system control system characterized in that the plurality of calculation means sequentially improve and update the solution, and the solution obtained during the calculation is the target of the solution selected by the optimum solution selection means. In the power distribution system control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A power distribution system control system comprising a step of controlling the power distribution system.

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