JP5048967B2 - How to remove asbestos slate plate fasteners - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an asbestos slate plate that is fixed to a wall or roof body as an exterior material or a roof material, such as an asbestos slate plate when dismantling or refurbishing a building in which a base member containing so-called asbestos is used. The present invention relates to a method for removing asbestos slate plate fasteners for efficiently and reliably removing dust containing asbestos that is harmful to the human body when the fasteners are removed.

In recent years, asbestos has been considered to be carcinogenic and extremely harmful to the human body. A causal relationship between human being exposed to an environment where asbestos dust is generated for a long time and carcinogenesis is shown. In response to such cases, very strict regulations are imposed on the dismantling of buildings that use asbestos, asbestos when renovating, and removing asbestos-containing materials. This regulation has three levels depending on the type of work depending on the degree of dust generation. The highest level, Level 1, is applied to the removal of asbestos-containing spray material sprayed on relatively large building beams, pillars, ceilings, walls, etc., for fireproof coating, sound absorption, heat insulation, etc. ing. This removal work is performed after strict exposure prevention using a dust mask and protective clothing corresponding to a high-concentration dust amount. The next highest level 2 is low in specific gravity of a heat insulating material, heat insulating material, fireproof covering material, etc. containing asbestos stuck to a chimney etc. It is applied to the removal work of products that are lower but relatively easy to generate dust. This removal work is performed after exposure prevention according to Level 1.
The lowest level 3 is applied to the removal work of asbestos-containing molded plates affixed to the ceiling, walls, floors, etc. of the building for exterior use, or asbestos slate plates affixed to the roof for roofing materials. . This asbestos-containing molded board, asbestos slate board, etc., are solidified and usually have extremely low dust generation properties. However, wet operations are generally used because they generate dust during crushing and cutting during removal operations. Therefore, the removal work is performed after a dust mask corresponding to the level of the dust amount is applied.

Asbestos-containing demolition work and renovation work when removing asbestos, removal of level 1 asbestos-containing spray material as described above, and heat insulation material containing level 2 asbestos When removing products that are low in specific gravity, such as heat insulating materials and fireproof coating materials, and that are prone to dust generation, asbestos is likely to scatter easily, so of course it is necessary to work with strict exposure prevention. is there. Therefore, conventionally, the asbestos-containing spraying material removal apparatus that can cope with level 1 and level 2 is covered with the asbestos-containing spraying material sprayed on the ceiling or wall of the building indoors. A monitoring device having a hood, a peeling means for peeling the asbestos-containing spray material in the hood, a suction means for removing the peeled asbestos-containing spray material from the hood, and a television camera for monitoring the peeling means in the hood. What is provided is disclosed (for example, refer patent document 1). In addition, in the conventional asbestos-containing spraying material removal device that can handle level 1 and level 2, bubbles are ejected from a foam injection nozzle disposed around the inside of the hood provided with the asbestos-containing spraying material removal tool. In addition, an asbestos-containing spray material that has been peeled off is mixed, and the slits in the strip-shaped seal material disposed around the hood are sealed with foam (for example, see Patent Document 2). Furthermore, in the conventional asbestos-containing spraying material removal apparatus and removal method that can handle level 1 and level 2, the removal apparatus and the removal method that can efficiently remove asbestos-containing spraying material are prevented. (For example, refer to Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4, and Permissible Document 5).

In addition, in the conventional method of repairing level 3 asbestos slate plates such as asbestos slate plates attached to the roof for roofing materials, the old asbestos slate plates are not removed but fixed with reinforcing bolts, A method of applying a caulking process, base preparation, and coating of a roof paint has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 6).

Japanese Patent No. 3045011 Japanese Patent No. 3567555 JP-A-8-199832 JP-A-9-72111 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-323614 JP 2002-188248 A

However, the conventional asbestos slate plate removing apparatus and asbestos slate plate removing method as described above have the following problems.
(1) Asbestos slate plates containing asbestos fixed to the roof body for roofing materials, even if temporarily repaired by the cover roof construction method, etc., it will only be postponed, and it will be necessary to remove it. However, conversely, at the time of the next refurbishment, the drying and deterioration progress and the risk of scattering increases. In addition, when a reinforcing bolt or nail is driven into an old asbestos slate plate, a lot of dust is generated, and the same dustproof treatment as when removing the asbestos slate plate is necessary for mounting a cover roof or the like. .
(2) Buildings using asbestos slate boards containing asbestos have many ordinary houses, and unlike buildings, factories, warehouses, etc., they cannot be removed using a large-scale machine removal device and are slippery. The work on the roof is carried out while watering, and there is a risk of the operator slipping.
(3) The removal of the asbestos slate board containing asbestos fixed to the roof body while watering in a general house causes water leakage into the house in which it resides, making it impossible to maintain the habitability. In addition, asbestos-containing materials that have been washed away due to water sprinkling may adhere to the walls, premises, trees, drainage facilities, etc., and cause secondary harmful problems due to re-scattering after drying.
(4) When the removal work is performed so that the scaffold for removal work is covered with a flameproof sheet to the extent that it exceeds the roof top of the building using asbestos slate board containing asbestos, In addition to the danger, removal costs are increasing. Moreover, in a general house, installation of a scaffold may be impossible and it may be difficult to deal with removal work.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and suppresses dust generation when removing a fastener of an asbestos slate plate used as an exterior material of a general house or a roof material, and is safe and efficient. An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive method for removing asbestos slate plate fasteners that can be operated.

The removal method of the asbestos slate plate fastener according to the present invention is to remove dust generated when removing the asbestos slate plate fastener fixed to the base member on the outside or inside of the building using a tool, A method for removing the asbestos slate plate fastener,
Engage with the head of the asbestos slate plate fastener and use a transparent cover member around the tool that is placed directly on the base member or via the asbestos slate plate using a tool holding jig. Occurs when forming a space part that is formed and partly open to the outside, inserting a suction port connected to the dust remover via a flexible hose, and removing the fastener with the tool Absorbing dust and the fasteners by the dust remover ,
Further, the tool is a nail extractor, and a front side engaging portion of the nail extractor that engages with a head of the nail as the fastener and a bent portion at an intermediate portion of the handle of the nail extractor Each of the flexible hose suction ports is detachably mounted on a mounting portion provided on the front side of the tool holding jig. , the tip portion of the suction port to the space portion of the center of both sides of the side plates that are oriented.

And in the removal method of the asbestos slate board fastener according to the present invention, since the space portion is formed by a transparent cover member, the inside can be visually recognized, and the working situation can be grasped.

The asbestos slate board fastener removing method according to claim 1 is formed in a space part formed around a tool for removing a fastener for fixing the asbestos slate board to a base member of a building, and a part thereof is opened to the outside. Since the suction port of the dust remover is inserted, the dust containing asbestos that is generated when the fastener is removed by a tool is sucked by the dust remover and does not leak to the outside or the worker does not suck it. Therefore, it is possible to safely remove the asbestos slate plate fastener.

Subsequently, the best mode when the present invention is embodied will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention.
Here, FIGS. 1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams of the asbestos slate plate fastener removing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, respectively, and FIGS. 3A to 3E are the asbestos slate plate fasteners. FIG. 4 is a side view of an asbestos slate plate fastener removing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a removal diagram of the asbestos slate plate fastener. FIG. 6 is a rear view of the asbestos slate plate fastener removing device, and FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 7C are diagrams showing how to use the asbestos slate plate fastener removing device. It is explanatory drawing.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the asbestos slate plate fastener removing apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is, for example, a general house, a building exterior material or a roof body composed of a warehouse or the like. This is an apparatus used when removing an asbestos slate plate 13 containing asbestos fixed with a nail 12 which is an example of a fastener on an unillustrated field plate (an example of a base member) 11 which is configured. The asbestos slate plate fastener removing device 10 removes the nail 12 while sucking dust generated when the asbestos slate plate 13 is removed with a dust absorber (not shown) that can remove dust through a filter, and removes the asbestos slate plate 13. 13 is used to peel off the base plate 11. In this embodiment, the case where the nail 12 is used as a fastener will be described. However, if the nail punch has a head portion to be engaged, a bolt nut for fastening the screw nail or the asbestos slate plate 13 to the field plate 11 will be described. It may be.

Although not shown in the drawings, for example, a clean room cleaner using a filter for dust removal is suitable for the above-described dust absorber. In the dust absorber composed of this clean room cleaner, the main filter that is attached to the suction side and directly collects dust is a paper pack system, and most of the dust can be collected by this main filter. In addition, when replacing the main filter, this dust absorber should be replaced safely by spraying and absorbing a certain amount of water on the main filter where the dust is collected to prevent dust scattering. Can do. The main filter that has been replaced can be safely disposed of by sealing and fixing it with cement mortar or the like. Further, this dust suction machine is provided with a clean filter that is attached to the discharge side and further removes the exhaust that has passed through the main filter to discharge clean air to the outside. Since this clean filter has a large capacity, its life is long and its replacement frequency is low. However, when it needs to be replaced, water is sprayed from the storage lid, and the disposal process is the same as that of the main filter. be able to.

The asbestos slate plate fastener removal apparatus 10 includes a nail punch (bar) 15 that is an example of a tool that engages with the head 14 of the nail 12 and removes the nail 12, and the nail punch 15 directly on the base plate 11 or directly. A side plate 16 disposed on both sides is provided with a mounting portion 25 (an example of a mounting portion) of a suction port 24 that is held via an asbestos slate plate 13 and connected to a part of the dust remover via a flexible hose 23. , 17 in this embodiment, a tool holding jig 19 placed on the asbestos slate plate 13, and a cover member (hood) attached to the tool holding jig 19 and covering the periphery of the nail punch 15 and the tool holding jig 19 21).

The cover member 21 is made of a transparent synthetic resin sheet (or film), and has an opening 22 at the center of the upper portion. The front side of the nail punch 15 is inserted, and the nail pull 15 is formed in the front-rear direction shown in the direction of arrow a in FIG. Is wide enough to rotate. And in this cover member 21, the front-end | tip part of the suction inlet 24 of the flexible hose 23 extended and provided from the suction side of the dust suction machine is inserted. The suction port 24 of the flexible hose 23 is detachably attached to a mounting portion 25 provided on the front side of the tool holding jig 19, and is the center of the side plates 16 and 17 that serve as legs on both sides of the tool holding jig 19. The front end portion of the suction port 24 faces the space portion 26.

The space 26 is mainly covered by the cover member 21 and further communicates with the outside basically through the opening 22 and other gaps. Thereby, a part of the air sucked by the suction port 24 usually flows from the opening 22 and flows into the space portion 26 toward the suction port 24 (for example, the wind speed is 10 to 25 m / second). Is generated. Further, the edge of the cover member 21 is fixed to the side plates 16 and 17 or semi-fixed so that it cannot be easily removed from the tool holding jig 19.
Note that a brush protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the tip of the suction port 24 toward the tip side may be provided at the tip of the suction port 24, and dust attached to the inside of the space portion 26 can be removed by this brush.

As described above, the tool holding jig 19 is arranged with a predetermined distance, the two side plates 16 and 17 whose rear portions are connected by the lower plate 18, and pins (bolts) 28 that connect these, 29, nuts screwed to these members, and circular support members 30, 31 fixed to the front pin 28. The front lower portions of the side plates 16 and 17 are obliquely cut to form another opening in the space portion 26 formed by the side plates 16 and 17 and the cover member 21 during operation. The mounting portion 25 for temporarily fixing the suction port 24 of the flexible hose 23 is attached to the side plates 16 and 17 on both sides via a front pin 28. It is preferable to provide a gap between the lower portions of the side plates 16 and 17 and the asbestos slate plate 13 except for the rear portion.
A through hole is formed in a bent portion (including the periphery thereof) 35 in the middle portion of the front side engaging portion 33 and the handle 34 of the nail extractor 15, and a pin 29 is inserted into the through hole, and via the pin 29. The nail punch 15 (specifically, the front side engaging portion 33 and the bent portion 35) and the tool holding jig 19 are rotatably connected. A V-shaped notch 36 is formed at the tip of the front side engaging portion 33 so as to engage with the head 14 of the nail 12.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3E, the asbestos slate plate fastener removing method according to the first embodiment of the present invention using the asbestos slate plate fastener removing apparatus 10. Will be explained.
This asbestos slate board removal method includes asbestos slate board 13 containing asbestos fixed to the field board 11 as a roofing material as an exterior material of a building made of ordinary houses or warehouses, etc. The dust generated when removing 12 is removed while sucking with a dust suction machine. Work with this removal method does not require work while sprinkling water, and does not require large scaffolding or covering with a full flameproof sheet, so it can be done safely and at low cost. Can be.

In this work, first, the suction port 24 attached to the dust remover via the flexible hose 23 is fixed to the mounting portion 25 of the tool holding jig 19, and then the dust remover (not shown) is operated, An air flow is generated in the space portion 26 covered with the cover member 21 of the asbestos slate plate fastener removing device 10 disposed in the area. In this state, as shown in FIG. 3 (A), the V-shaped notch 36 of the nail extractor 15 is arranged so as to be engaged with the head 14 of the nail 12 biting into the asbestos slate plate 13, The rear side of the bent portion 35 of the nail punch 15 is hit with a hammer 37 or the like, and the V-shaped notch 36 is engaged with the head portion 14. This operation is the same as normal nail removal. In this state, the lower part of the rear side of the cover member 21 is lifted to form the opening 38. However, an airflow flowing from the outside to the inside is also generated in the opening 38 portion, and dust generated in the space portion 26 is discharged to the outside. Do not leak.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3 (B), after the bottom portion of the front side engaging portion 33 of the nail extractor 15 is leveled and the head portion 14 of the nail 12 is completely engaged with the V-shaped notch 36. 3C, the handle 34 of the nail extractor 15 is rotated in the direction in which the nail 12 is pulled out, so that the nail 12 is completely covered with the base plate 11 and the asbestos slate plate 13 as shown in FIG. Pull out from. In this case, depending on the biting condition of the nail 12, an impact may be given to the nail 12 using the hammer 37.
When the nail 12 completely disengages from the field board 11 and the asbestos slate board 13, the nail 12 is caught in the V-shaped notch 36 but is in a free state. Therefore, as shown in FIG. And other air gaps are blown off by the air flow generated in the space 26 and enter the suction port 24. Note that all dust generated during the nail extraction operation is carried by the air flow generated in the space 26 from the suction port 24 to the dust remover via the flexible hose 23.

Subsequently, an asbestos slate plate fastener removal apparatus 40 and method according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In this embodiment, the asbestos slate plate 13 is generally attached to a trunk edge 42 which is an example of an outer wall material which is an example of a base member with, for example, a screw 41 (an example of a fastener). The screw 41 is removed with a rotary electric tool (an example of a tool) 44 provided with a driver shaft (driver chip) 43, but the work is performed so that dust containing asbestos generated in this case does not leak to the outside. is there.

The asbestos slate plate fastener removing apparatus 40 according to the second embodiment includes a rotary electric tool 44 on which the driver shaft 43 is mounted, and the rotary electric tool 44 directly on the trunk edge 42 or asbestos. A tool holding jig 47 provided with a mounting portion (mounting portion) 46 of a suction port 24 held through a slate plate 13 and connected in part to a dust remover (not shown) via a flexible hose 23; A cover member 48 attached to the holding jig 47 and covering the periphery of the head 45 of the screw 41 is provided. These will be described in detail below.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rotary electric tool 44 is composed of a normal electric screwdriver, and a holder 51 is provided on the tool body 50 on the side where the driver chuck 49 is provided. The holder 51 has guide hole portions 53 and 54 having the same central axis in a U-shaped portion 52 protruding to one side of the tool body 50, and the guide rod 55 is movably inserted in the guide hole portions 53 and 54. is doing. A compression spring 56 is disposed on the guide rod 55 between the guide hole portions 53, 54, one end of the compression spring 56 is a stopper 57 provided in the direction of the fixed end of the guide rod 55, and the other end is the guide hole portion 54. A load is applied so as to keep the rotating electric tool 44 away from the stopper 57. The guide member is configured to include the holder 51 and the guide rod 55.

The tool holding jig 47 is made of stainless steel (or made of hard plastic) having a rectangular cross section provided on one side (downward in FIG. 4) with a mounting portion 46 of the suction port 24 connected to the dust remover via the flexible hose 23. A frame 58 is provided. On the base side of the frame 58, a bracket 59 having a U-shaped cross-section that stands up the guide rod 55 is attached so as to cover the frame 58, and its tip is screwed to the frame 58. The front side of the frame 58 forms a circular portion 61 whose portion, that is, the side (bottom portion) located on the asbestos slate plate 13 is bent in a semicircular shape when viewed from the front. In addition, the ceiling portion of the frame 58 of the circular portion 61 and a part of the side wall are open.

A cover member 48 made of a transparent synthetic resin is provided at a side wall opening portion of the circular portion 61 to prevent air from entering the space 63 formed by the frame 58 and the cover member 48 from the surroundings. 48 open portions of the ceiling are in contact with the outside air.
Further, the attachment position of the guide rod 55 with respect to the frame 58 is determined so that the center of the circular portion 61 of the frame 58 coincides with the driver shaft 43 attached to the rotary electric tool 44. The bottom of the frame 58 is closed and a cushion 64 is provided, but a U-shaped opening 65 is provided at the bottom of the frame 58 located in the circular portion 61, and the head 45 of the screw 41 is connected to the opening 65. It is designed to be exposed inside.

Subsequently, the asbestos slate plate fastener according to the second embodiment using the asbestos slate plate fastener removing apparatus 40 is described with reference to FIGS. A removal method will be described.
A tool holding jig 47 is attached to the rotary electric tool 44 via a holder 51. Further, the tool holding jig 47 has an asbestos slate plate having a suction hose 24 connected to a dust remover (not shown) via a flexible hose 23. A fastener removing device 40 is prepared, and the head 45 of the screw 41 becomes the axis of the driver shaft 43 on each screw 41 fixing the asbestos slate plate 13 to be removed. To place. In this case, since the tip position of the driver shaft 43 coincides with the opening 65 provided at the bottom of the tool holding jig 47, the head 45 may be exposed in the opening 65.

With the bottom of the tool holding jig 47 pressed against the asbestos slate plate 13, the rotary electric tool 44 is pressed against the asbestos slate plate 13 as shown in FIG. Engage with the part 45, turn on the rotary electric tool 44, rotate the driver shaft 43 counterclockwise, and remove the screw 41 from the trunk edge 42 and the asbestos slate plate 13 as shown in FIG. . Then, if necessary, if some vibration is applied to the driver shaft 43, the screw 41 is detached from the driver shaft 43. On the other hand, since the ceiling portion of the circular portion 61 is open, high-speed airflow is generated from this portion through the space portion 63 toward the suction port 24. Accordingly, the screw 41 released from the driver shaft 43 rides on this air flow and is sucked into the suction port 24 as shown in FIG.

Since the circular portion 61 of the frame 58 into which the driver shaft 43 can be freely inserted is open at the ceiling, high-speed airflow always flows into the space 63 from the outside, and all dust generated when the screw 41 is pulled out. And is conveyed to the dust remover via the flexible hose 23.
In the above-described embodiment, the fastener is a nail or a screw, but the present invention can be applied to other types (for example, a stapler).

The method for removing the asbestos slate board fastener according to the present invention is to remove the asbestos slate board from a building using asbestos slate board containing asbestos without performing a special sprinkling operation. The tool can be removed. In addition, since it is arbitrary whether to spray water, naturally this invention is applied also when watering a target object. This removal method can be widely used to remove exterior materials containing asbestos and roof materials used in buildings such as ordinary houses and warehouses.

It is explanatory drawing of the removal apparatus of the fastener of the asbestos slate board which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the removal apparatus of the fastener of the same asbestos slate board. (A)-(E) are explanatory drawings of the usage method of the removal apparatus of the fastener of the same asbestos slate board. It is a side view of the removal apparatus of the asbestos slate board fastener which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the removal device of the fastener of the same asbestos slate board. It is a rear view of the removal device of the same asbestos slate board fastener. (A), (B), (C) is explanatory drawing of the usage method of the removal apparatus of the fastener of the same asbestos slate board.

10: Asbestos slate plate fastener removal device, 11: Field plate, 12: Nail, 13: Asbestos slate plate, 14: Head, 15: Nail extraction, 16, 17: Side plate, 18: Lower plate, 19: Tool Holding jig, 21: cover member, 22: opening, 23: flexible hose, 24: suction port, 25: mounting part, 26: space part, 28, 29: pin, 30, 31: support member, 33: front side Engaging part, 34: handle, 35: bent part, 36: V-shaped notch, 37: hammer, 38: opening, 40: asbestos slate plate fastener removing device, 41: screw, 42: trunk edge, 43: Driver shaft, 44: Rotary power tool, 45: Head, 46: Mounting part, 47: Tool holding jig, 48: Cover member, 49: Driver chuck, 50: Tool body, 51: Holder, 52: Co Character parts 53, 54: guide hole part, 5 : Guide rod 56: compression spring, 57: Stopper, 58: frame, 59: U-shaped bracket 61: round portion, 63: space, 64: Cushion, 65: opening

Claims (1)

A method of removing the asbestos slate plate fastener while removing dust generated when the fastener of the asbestos slate plate fixed to the base member on the outside or inside of the building is removed using a tool,
Engage with the head of the asbestos slate plate fastener and use a transparent cover member around the tool that is placed directly on the base member or via the asbestos slate plate using a tool holding jig. Occurs when forming a space part that is formed and partly open to the outside, inserting a suction port connected to the dust remover via a flexible hose, and removing the fastener with the tool Absorbing dust and the fasteners by the dust remover ,
Further, the tool is a nail extractor, and a front side engaging portion of the nail extractor that engages with a head of the nail as the fastener and a bent portion at an intermediate portion of the handle of the nail extractor Each of the flexible hose suction ports is detachably mounted on a mounting portion provided on the front side of the tool holding jig. , the method of removing the fastener asbestos slate characterized that you have the tip of the suction port facing the space portion of the center of each side of the side plate.

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