JP5046901B2 - Packing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a packing apparatus for packing and transporting and delivering articles such as image forming apparatuses such as copying machines, printers, and facsimiles.

JP 2000-326153 A JP 2004-099070 A JP 2001-055532 A

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a packaging form when shipping a general industrial product has taken a form in which a product fixing pad made of foamed resin or paper is used on an upper part of the product to suppress product jumping. However, for example, in the case of a copying machine, an ADF (automatic document feeder) and a scanner unit are often located on the upper side of the product, and the shape of the exterior surface varies depending on the model and individual products (with or without options). It is. For this reason, it is necessary to manufacture a pad suitable for each product, a mold or the like must be prepared for each product, and it is also necessary to manage the various types of pads.

  As a countermeasure, it is possible to take a packaging form in which only the outer periphery of the product is fixed and the upper surface of the product is not pressed.However, in the packaging form in which the upper surface of the product is not pressed, the product jumping during transportation is considered. As a result, it is necessary to provide a clearance at the top of the product in a product packaging state, which increases the space required for product transportation and lowers transportation efficiency.

  Moreover, as a pallet etc. which mount and convey a product, there exists a thing of patent documents 1-3. Patent Document 1 discloses a transport pallet that can deal with products of different sizes and can position a mounted product. Further, Patent Document 2 discloses an article packaging fixture that can securely package and protect an article in a simple packaging form. Patent Document 3 discloses a transport and storage device in which articles of different sizes can be placed and placed on a pallet suitable for the articles.

  However, since the thing of patent document 1 assumes using it on a production line, it does not have the function to fix a product (in this case, a television receiver) in the vertical direction, and it is in the market. It is not suitable as a transportation pallet for shipping products.

  Moreover, since the thing of patent document 2 fixes a product by wrapping a product from an outer peripheral part, it is difficult to fix a product to a pallet completely, and there exists a possibility of contacting with other loads at the time of transportation. Route to be limited. In addition, if the fixing force is improved, the product is strongly tightened, which may affect the product.

Moreover, in the thing of patent document 3, the protrusion fitted to a base part is a thing for positioning, and does not have a mechanism which fixes a product.
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the conventional packaging apparatus, can prevent the product placed on the pallet (mounting table) from jumping, can be easily fixed, and can be used for various products. It is an object of the present invention to provide a packaging device that can be used.

According to the present invention, there is provided a packing apparatus having at least a mounting table on which an article is mounted according to the present invention, and further comprising fixing means for directly fixing the article to the mounting table, and the fixing means is provided on a structure base portion of the article. A hook-shaped fixing member that engages with the fixed portion to fix the article, and moves the hook-shaped fixing member to an article fixing position that engages the fixed portion and a storage position that is stored in the mounting table. A moving mechanism that moves the hook-shaped fixing member substantially vertically from the mounting table and then moves the hook-shaped fixing member substantially parallel to the article placement surface of the mounting table. Is moved to the article fixing position.

  In addition, the moving mechanism includes a holder member that holds the assembly including the hook-shaped fixing member through the guide member so as to be substantially parallel to the article placement surface, and a set portion provided in the placement table. It is preferable to include an operation member that can slide substantially parallel to the article placement surface, and a connector member that connects the assembly and the operation member.

  The hook-shaped fixing member is provided with locking means capable of holding the storage position and the article fixing position, respectively, and the locking means locks the operating member at one end of its sliding range, thereby It is preferable that the hook-shaped fixing member is held at the storage position by holding the hook-shaped fixing member at the article fixing position and locking at the other end.

  The locking means includes a locking member rotatably attached to the operation member, and the locking member is provided so as to be accommodated in the mounting table in a state of being rotated substantially horizontally. It is preferable that the movement of the operation member is restricted and locked by rotating the lock member substantially horizontally while being moved to the one side end or the other side end.

  The assembly includes a buffer member interposed between the assembly and a member fixed to the holder member, and is provided so as to be movable in the vertical direction at the article fixing position, and an upward load is applied to the hook-shaped fixing member. When added, the buffer member is preferably elastically deformed and buffered.

Moreover, it is preferable that the contact surface of the member fixed to the holder member and the buffer member is an inclined surface opened toward the unlocking direction of the hook-shaped fixing member.
The assembly includes a shaft member coupled to the hook-shaped fixing member, and the guide member has a slanted groove into which the shaft member is inserted and holds the assembly so that the assembly can be moved up and down. It is preferable that the portion has a pressing surface that extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the article placement surface and presses the shaft member in the unlocking direction of the hook-shaped fixing member by contacting the shaft member.

  Further, when the hook-shaped fixing member is moved substantially in parallel with the article placement surface in a direction of releasing the fixation from the article fixing position, the shaft member is immediately before the movement substantially parallel to the article placement surface is finished. It is preferable to provide an axis shifting mechanism that shifts the groove from the position in contact with the pressing surface to the oblique groove.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the hook-shaped fixing member has an elevation angle with a product engaging portion that engages with the fixed portion facing the product fixing direction.

  The hook-shaped fixing member is preferably provided so as not to protrude from the upper surface of the mounting table in the storage position.

  According to the packing apparatus of the first aspect, the article can be directly fixed to the mounting table by the hook-shaped fixing means, and the jumping of the article due to vibration / impact during transportation can be surely prevented. In addition, since the lower part (structure base part) of the article is fixed to the mounting table, the article can be fixed regardless of the height of the article, the shape of the upper part, and the like, and thus can be used for various articles. In addition, since the upper surface of the article is not fixed by a net or belt, the upper surface of the article is not deformed or damaged.

  Furthermore, since the hook-shaped fixing member is protruded from the mounting table by the moving mechanism and then moved substantially parallel to the article mounting surface of the mounting table and moved to the article fixing position, the article can be easily fixed and released. Packing and unpacking work is easy.

  Moreover, the hook-shaped fixing member can be made to enter the article by protruding from the mounting table, the entry hole provided in the article can be kept to a minimum size, and the strength reduction of the article can be minimized. Can be suppressed.

  According to the configuration of the second aspect, the assembly including the hook-shaped fixing member is held by the holder member via the guide member, so that the hook-shaped fixing member can be reliably held and moved, and the operation member is merely slid. Thus, the hook-shaped fixing member can be easily moved to the article fixing position or the storage position.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the hook-shaped fixing member can be easily and reliably locked to the article fixing position and the storage position by the locking means for locking the operation member at each end of the sliding range.

  According to the configuration of the fourth aspect, the configuration of the locking means can be simplified, and when the hook-shaped fixing member is locked at the article fixing position or the storage position, the locking member can be stored on the mounting table, and the locking member protrudes. Without disturbing the packing and unpacking work.

  According to the structure of claim 5, even when an article loaded by vibration or shock during product transportation jumps and pulls the hook-shaped fixing member, the buffer member elastically deforms and cushions, so that the hook-shaped fixing member, the assembly, and the article The applied load can be reduced, and breakage of them can be prevented.

  According to the configuration of the sixth aspect, it is possible to reduce a sliding load (load caused by friction between the member fixed to the holder member and the buffer member) when releasing the fixation from the article fixed state, and to reduce the operation force. Can do.

  According to the configuration of the seventh aspect, by providing the shaft member pressing surface at the upper end portion of the oblique groove of the guide member, the assembly can be smoothly moved substantially parallel to the article placement surface.

  According to the configuration of the eighth aspect, the assembly member (hook-shaped fixing member) is lowered by the shaft member being moved from the pressing surface to the oblique groove portion immediately before the movement of the assembly substantially parallel to the article placement surface is completed. Is performed smoothly (the transition from the horizontal movement to the lowering movement can be smoothly performed).

  According to the configuration of claim 9, even when there is some deformation in the fixed part of the article, the tip of the hook-shaped fixing member can be moved to a predetermined article fixing position without being caught, and the article It is possible to prevent a situation where a fixing failure occurs.

  According to the configuration of the fifteenth aspect, since the hook-shaped fixing member does not protrude when stored on the mounting table, it is possible to prevent the fork of the forklift from colliding with the hook-shaped fixing member and being deformed or damaged. In addition, deformation or breakage due to stacking during storage can be prevented.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a packaging device according to the present invention together with (a part of) a product. Moreover, FIG. 2 is a perspective view which shows a mode that the product was mounted and fixed to the packing apparatus.

  As shown in these drawings, the packaging device 1 of this example is configured as a pallet on which the product 100 is placed. The pallet 1 has three girders, left and right end girders 2L and 2R, and a central girder 2C, and a fork insertion hole for inserting a fork of a forklift is formed between the girders. Has been. Further, a positioning member 3 for projecting a product to be placed on the pallet is provided on the top surface of the pallet. In this example, four positioning members 3 are arranged so as to come into contact with the four corners of the product 100. The material of the main body of the pallet 1 and the positioning member 3 is preferably a resin material such as PP or PE that is inexpensive and light in weight.

  In this example, the positioning member 3 is integrally formed with the pallet on the top surface of the pallet. However, the positioning member 3 may be provided separately from the pallet so as to be detachable from the pallet. In that case, it is preferable that the positioning member 3 is provided so as to be mountable in accordance with the product to be mounted. For example, it is also possible to provide a plurality of holes for mounting the positioning member on the upper surface of the pallet and to be able to mount the positioning member in an arbitrary hole by screwing or the like.

  In the main body of the pallet 1, fixing means 4 for fixing a product to be mounted on the pallet to the pallet is disposed. Although the structure and operation of the fixing means 4 will be described in detail later, the fixing means 4 has a hook 5 and an operation portion 7, and the hook 5 is fixed to the outside through a hole 6 provided on the top surface of the pallet. It is provided so as to be able to advance and retreat inside the pallet. The operation unit 7 is operated from a set unit 8 opened on the top surface of the pallet. The pallet 1 of this example includes four fixing means 4, and the hooks 5 of each fixing means are arranged in a substantially square shape inside the positioning member 3. A product base 101 made of sheet metal is disposed at the bottom of the product 100, and the product base 101 is provided with four hook entry holes 102 for allowing the hooks 5 to enter. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the product base 101 of the product 100 placed on the pallet 1 is locked to the top surface of the pallet by the hook 5, so that the product 100 is fixed to the pallet 1.

  FIG. 3 is a top view showing a state in which the product 100 is placed and fixed on the pallet 1. The product 100 represents the outer shape of the product by a broken line indicating the exterior plate, and the product base 101 is indicated by a solid line. As can be seen from this figure, the positioning of the product during product loading can be facilitated by the positioning member 3, so that the packing operation is facilitated. Further, since the product can be prevented from moving by the positioning member 3 against the impact in the horizontal direction during transportation, the load applied to the hook 5 (fixing means 4) is reduced, and at the time of unpacking (when unlocking) Contact and contact between the product and the hook 5 are prevented, and unloading work is facilitated.

  FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing the vicinity of the product fixing portion. As shown in this figure, the product base 101 (product 100) is fixedly placed on the upper surface of the pallet 1 by the hook 5 that has entered from the hook entry hole 102 provided in the product base 101. The hook 5 is advanced and retracted by operating the operation unit 7.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the fixing means 4 arranged inside the pallet, with a part of the pallet 1 cut away. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the fixing means 4. FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the hook assembly of the fixing means 4. FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a guide member for guiding the hook part assembly. The fixing means 4 will be described with reference to these drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the fixing means 4 is obtained by connecting a holder 10 holding a hook part assembly 50 centered on a hook 5 and an operation part 7 with a connector 9. In FIG. 5, the operation unit 7 is shown removed from the connector 9.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the hook assembly 50 includes a hook 5, a hook fixing plate 51, a shaft fixing member 52, a buffer member 53, a large shaft member 54, and a small shaft member 55. Then, the hook fixing plate 51 and the shaft fixing member 52 are inserted into the notch hole provided in the hook 5, and the buffer member 53 is positioned between the two side plates of the hook fixing plate 51. The two shaft members (large and small) 54 and 55 are inserted into the notch holes and the bearing holes provided in the hook fixing plate 51 to assemble the hook assembly 50 having the shape shown in FIG. The shaft member (large) 54 is also inserted into the bearing portion 52 b provided in the shaft fixing member 52. The hook 5 and the hook fixing plate 51 and the shaft members 54 and 55 are desirably made of metallic material having excellent strength, and among them, it is desirable to use stainless steel that is resistant to rust and excellent in strength. The buffer member 53 is preferably made of an elastic member, for example, EPDM rubber which has excellent weather resistance and hardly retains permanent distortion. Further, other members excluding screws are preferably POM having excellent slidability.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the hook assembly 50 is held by the holding portion 11 of the holder 10 while being sandwiched from both sides by a pair of guide members 13 and 14. When the outer side surfaces of the guide members 13 and 14 slide with the side surfaces (side walls) of the holding portion 11, the hook portion assembly 50 sandwiched by the guide members 13 and 14 moves in the holding portion 11 of the holder 10 in the holder longitudinal direction. Slide movement is possible.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the guide members 13 and 14 have oblique grooves 13 a and 13 b and 14 a and 14 b (in the drawing, of the guide member 13 in which shaft members (large and small) 54 and 55 of the hook assembly 50 are inserted). When the guide members 13 and 14 sandwich the hook assembly 50, the shaft members 54 and 55 are inserted into the oblique grooves 13a and 13b and 14a and 14b. Is done. Thereby, the hook part assembly 50 can move (elevate and lower) with respect to the guide members 13 and 14 in an obliquely vertical direction. Correspondingly, a retracting portion 12 that is lowered by one step is formed in the holder holding portion 11, and the hook portion assembly 50 can be lowered into the retracting portion 12.

  One guide member 14 is formed with a shaft-like connecting projection 14c, and the other guide member 13 is formed with a fitting hole 13c into which the connecting projection 14c is fitted. When the guide members 13 and 14 hold the hook part assembly 50, the connecting protrusion 14c is fitted into the fitting hole 13c, and the both guide members 13 and 14 are connected. Then, the tension spring 23 is locked between the connection protrusion 14 c and a locking portion 52 a (FIG. 7) provided on the shaft fixing member 52 of the hook portion assembly 50. By this tension spring 23, an urging force obliquely upward (toward the pallet) is applied to the hook assembly 50.

  Further, swing shafts 9a and 9b are projected on the back side (hook 5 side) end of the connector 9, and the swing shafts 9a and 9b are shaft fitting portions 13d provided on the guide members 13 and 14, respectively. And 14d (FIG. 8). Accordingly, the connector 9 is held by the holder 10 via the guide members 13 and 14 so as to be swingable. A connector receiving portion 15 is provided on the front side of the holder 10 in the longitudinal direction, and a cylindrical screw guide 16 is provided on the upper surface of the connector receiving portion 15. On the other hand, the connector 9 is formed with an elongated slit 9c, and when the connector 9 is rotated along the upper surface of the connector receiving portion 15 of the holder 10, the screw guide 16 is It enters into the slit 9c.

  As described above, the guide members 13 and 14 that hold the hook part assembly 50 and the connector 9 so as to be sandwiched from both sides are fitted into the holding part 11 of the holder 10 and are covered by the cover member 17 from above. Cushioning materials 18, 18 are attached to the cover member 17 and are interposed between the cover member 17 and the holder 10. The holder 10 is fixed by screws 20 to 22 below the product placement surface of the pallet 1. In a state where the holder 10 is fixed to the pallet body with screws, the connector 9 is held in a horizontal state along the upper surface of the connector receiving portion 15 of the holder 10.

  In this way, the hook assembly 50 held in the holder 10 via the guide members 13 and 14 is held so as to be slidable in the holder longitudinal direction within the holding portion 11, and as described above, It can also be moved (lifted) in the vertical direction.

  The operation unit 7 includes an operation lever 71 and a lock member 72. On the opposing surfaces of the two side plate portions of the lock member 72, swing shafts 72a and 72a are projected. The operation lever 71 is provided with receiving portions 71a and 71a (only one side in the figure) for receiving the swing shafts 72a and 72a. Further, the operation lever 71 is provided with a protrusion 71b that fits into a fitting hole 9d provided at the tip of the connector 9. The projection 71 b is fitted into the fitting hole 9 d of the connector 9, and the operation lever 71 is screwed to the screw hole 9 e of the connector 9 with the screw 73, so that the operation unit 7 is attached to the tip of the connector 9. It is done. In this state, the lock member 72 can swing with respect to the operation lever 71 and the connector 9. As shown in FIG. 5, the operation unit 7 is attached to the connector tip with the tip of the connector 9 entering the set unit 8, and the lock member 72 is set as will be described later in the description of the operation. It can be caused from the portion 8 (see FIG. 10), or the lock member 72 can be inserted into the set portion 8 (see FIGS. 9 and 11).

  Next, the operation of the fixing means 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11 are cross-sectional views of the fixing means 4 of the pallet 1 in the product fixed state, the intermediate state, and the hook storage state, as viewed from the side.

  As shown in FIG. 9, in the product fixed state, the hook part assembly 50 sandwiched between the guide members 13 and 14 moves to the front end side in the longitudinal direction of the holding part 11 and moves on the push-up part 19 (see also FIG. 6). The hook 5 projects the product fixing portion 5a from the upper surface of the pallet 1 to the outside (upward). Further, at this time, the operation unit 7 rotates the lock member 72 to the back side of the pallet so that the lock member 72 is inserted into the set unit 8 (FIGS. 5 and 10). The movement of the part assembly 50 (that is, the operation of the fixing means 4) is restricted and the locked state is established. In the locked state, the hook 5 is configured not to move in the holder longitudinal direction (left-right direction in FIG. 9) or in the vertical direction.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the locked state is released by turning the lock member 72 and causing it from the set portion 8 to be in an intermediate state. This intermediate state is a state in which the connector 9 and the hook assembly 50 are movable, and the operation lever 71 is pushed to the back side of the pallet (right side of FIG. 10) or pulled to the front side of the pallet (left side of FIG. 10). The connector 9 and the hook part assembly 50 can be moved in parallel (horizontally in this example) to the upper surface of the pallet 1, that is, the product placement surface.

  As shown in FIG. 11, in the hook storage state, the hook part assembly 50 is lowered into the retracting part 12 (FIG. 6) provided in the holding part 11 of the holder 10, and the upper surface of the hook 5 is the upper surface of the pallet 1. And become the same. That is, the hook 5 is stored in the pallet 1. Further, in the hook storage state, the lock member 72 is rotated to the front side of the pallet (left side in FIG. 11), and the lock member 72 is inserted into the set portion 8. Movement (that is, the operation of the fixing means 4) is restricted, and a locked state is established.

  The oblique movement of the hook assembly 50 (the raising and lowering operation of the hook 5) will be described in detail later with reference to another drawing. First, the operation for fixing the product to the pallet 1 and the operation for releasing the fixation will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the product 100 is placed at a predetermined position on the pallet 1 in the hook storage state. At this time, as described with reference to FIG. 3, the product is positioned and placed by the positioning member 3 so that the hook entry hole 102 provided in the product base 101 is positioned on the hook 5 in the stored state. The product is placed on the board. 9 to 11, the product main body is not shown, and only the product base 101 is illustrated.

  When the product is placed at a predetermined position on the pallet 1 as shown in FIG. 11, the lock member 72 is raised to release the lock as shown in FIG. 10, and the operation lever 71 is pulled to the front side of the pallet. Then, the hook part assembly 50 is pulled by the tension spring 23 described above, and moves upward along the oblique grooves 13a, 13b and 14a, 14b of the guide members 13, 14. As a result, the upper end of the hook 5 advances from the top surface of the pallet, and the product fixing portion 5a of the hook 5 enters the product from the hook entry hole 102 of the product base (state shown in FIG. 10). Further, by pulling the operation lever 71 to the front end of the set portion 8, the connector 9 and the hook portion assembly 50 are parallel to the top surface of the pallet 1, that is, the product placement surface (in this example, horizontal) 9), the product fixing portion 5a of the hook 5 is positioned on the product base 101 as shown in FIG. Then, the operation lever 71 is turned to the back side of the pallet and tilted and inserted into the set portion 8, so that the product fixing portion 5 a of the hook 5 presses the product base 101 against the pallet 1. The product 100 is fixed to the pallet 1.

  1 to 3, the pallet 1 of this example includes four fixing means 4, and the product 100 is fixed to the pallet 1 by operating the other fixing means 4 in the same manner. . Since the fixing means on the back side of the pallet is set in the front-rear direction opposite to the fixing means on the front side, the horizontal movement is reversed, but the movement itself is exactly the same.

  When releasing the product, by operating in the opposite direction, the hook 5 holding the product base 101 as shown in FIG. 9 moves to the position of the product base hook entry hole 102 as shown in FIG. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, the hook 5 is lowered and stored in the pallet 1, whereby the product is released.

Next, the raising / lowering operation of the hook assembly 50 will be described mainly with reference to FIGS. Moreover, FIGS. 9-11 and FIGS. 14-17 are also referred from time to time.
FIG. 12 is an enlarged view showing the guide member 13 holding the hook assembly 50 in detail. The configuration of the other guide member 14 is also symmetric but the same. As described above, the two shaft members (large and small) 54 and 55 of the hook assembly 50 are inserted into the oblique grooves 13a and 13b (14a and 14b) provided in the guide member 13 (14). When the fixing means 4 is in the product fixing state of FIG. 9, the hook portion assembly 50 is pulled up to the upper end portion of the oblique groove by the urging force of the tension spring 23. As shown in FIG. 10, when the lock member 72 is pulled up and the operating lever 71 is pushed into the pallet, the hook assembly 50 is pulled up to the upper end of the diagonal groove. When 14 moves horizontally toward the back side of the pallet, as shown in FIG. 12, the vertical portion 24 formed on the front side (the operation portion 7 side) of the upper end portion of the oblique groove 13a (14a) is formed on the shaft member 54. The hook part assembly 50 is moved in the horizontal direction (to the inside of the pallet).

  As shown in FIGS. 16, 17, or 7, the upper end of the shaft fixing member 52, which is one of the members constituting the hook assembly 50, is lowered toward the inside of the pallet (opposite to the operation unit 7). An inclined surface portion 52c is formed. Further, the cover member 17 is also formed with a slope portion 17a that is lowered toward the inside of the pallet (on the side opposite to the operation portion 7) as shown in FIG. When the hook part assembly 50 moves to the back side of the holder 10 when shifting to the storage state, the slope part 52c of the shaft fixing member and the slope part of the cover member are just before the end of the horizontal movement. The contact with the portion 17a starts, and the shaft fixing member 52 is pushed downward by the inclination of each other as the assembly 50 moves (FIGS. 14 and 15). When the shaft fixing member 52 is pushed down, the shaft member 54 inserted into the bearing portion 52b is also pushed down, whereby the shaft member 54 is provided in front of the upper end of the oblique groove 13a (14a) of the guide member 13 (14). It will come off from the vertical part 24 (FIG. 13). When the shaft member 54 is disengaged from the vertical portion 24 of the oblique groove 13a (14a), the guide member 13 (14) is horizontal to the back end of the holder 10 via the connector 9 as shown by a thick arrow in FIG. By pushing in the direction, the shaft member 54 is lowered along the oblique groove 13a (14a). As a result, the hook assembly 50 is lowered into the retracting portion 12 (FIG. 6), and the hook 5 is stored in the pallet. When the hook assembly 50 is lowered, the spring 23 (FIG. 6) locked between the shaft fixing member 52 and the guide members 13 and 14 is pulled and extended.

  In this way, by operating the operation unit 7 from the product fixed state of FIG. 9 (pushing the operation lever 71 toward the inside of the pallet), the hook storage state shown in FIG. 11 is obtained through the intermediate state of FIG. In this example, immediately before the movement of the hook part assembly 50 in the horizontal direction is completed, the shaft member 54 is detached from the vertical part 24 and is moved to the oblique groove 13a (14a), whereby the lowering operation of the hook part assembly 50 is performed. Smoothly performed (can move smoothly from horizontal movement to descending movement). When the product is fixed, the lifting operation of the hook assembly 50 is the reverse of the above, and the operation unit 7 is operated from the hook storage state shown in FIG. 11 (the lock is released and the operation lever 71 is pulled outside the pallet). 11), the hook 5 rises from the stored state in FIG. 11, and enters the product through the intermediate state in FIG. 10, and the product base 101 is fixed by the hook 5 as shown in FIG. As a result, the product is fixed on the pallet 1.

  When shifting from the hook storage state to the intermediate state, if the lock is released and the operation lever 71 is pulled toward the front (external side of the pallet), the tensile force of the extended spring 23 (FIG. 6) and the operation lever are reduced. By the pulling force, the shaft member 54 is pulled upward in the oblique groove 13a (14a), and the hook 5 is raised.

  By the way, as shown in FIG. 13, when the shaft member 54 is disengaged from the vertical portion 24 of the oblique groove 13a (14a), the back surface of the hook 5 is pressed against the end surface 1a of the pallet 1 as shown in FIG. Thereby, the hook part assembly 50 descends in a state where the pallet end surface 1 a guides the back surface of the hook 5. In addition, when the hook part assembly 50 is raised from the storage state of FIG. 11, the hook part assembly 50 is raised with the pallet end surface 1 a guiding the back surface of the hook 5. For this reason, the hook 5 is lowered and raised substantially vertically. When the hook 5 is moved up and down substantially vertically, the hole (hook entrance 102) for entering the hook 5 into the product and withdrawing from the product needs to be a minimum size, and the decrease in the strength of the product is minimized. It can be kept in.

  Furthermore, since the hook 5 (hook part assembly 50) moves in the horizontal direction as described above after the hook 5 has entered the product, the space required for the hook 5 to move from the hook entry to the product fixing is also minimal. It will be over. The same applies when the hook 5 is retracted out of the product from the product fixed state. Therefore, the space that must be provided in the product for the hook 5 to move can be minimized, and an increase in the product size can be suppressed as much as possible.

  As described above, according to the pallet 1 of this example, the product can be fixed and released in a state where the product is loaded on the product mounting surface, and therefore, the product can be easily packed and unpacked. In addition, since the upper surface of the hook 5 and the operation unit 7 is flush with the upper surface of the pallet in the stored state, the hook 5 and the operation unit 7 are obstructive when placing the product on the pallet and when removing the product from the pallet. The work is easy. Further, when the pallets are stacked and placed at the time of pallet collection or storage, the hook 5 and the operation unit 7 do not get in the way and can be collected and stored in a space-saving manner. Further, the hook 5 and the operation unit 7 can be prevented from being damaged. In particular, when the pallet is moved by using a cargo handling machine such as a forklift, the fork inserted into the fork insertion hole does not come into contact with the hook 5 and the operation unit 7 and is prevented from being damaged. In addition, the hook 5 and the operation part 7 can also be comprised so that it may become lower than the pallet upper surface in the accommodation state (state dented from the pallet upper surface).

  In this example, the operation unit 7 includes a lock member 72, and the product fixing means 4 can be held in the product fixed state or the hook storage state by the lock member 72. By providing such a locking mechanism, it is possible to prevent the hook 5 from being loosened from the fixed state and losing the product fixing force due to vibration or impact during product transportation or pallet collection. In addition, it is possible to prevent damage due to the hook 5 protruding from the top surface of the pallet during collection.

  As described above, the hook part assembly 50 includes the hook 5 and the hook fixing plate 51, the shaft fixing member 52, the buffer member 53, the large shaft member 54, and the small shaft member 55. The hook part assembly 50 is accommodated in the holder 10 via the guide members 13 and 14 and is covered by the sliding cover 17 from above, but as shown by a double arrow Y in FIG. (And the guide members 13, 14) are slightly movable in the vertical direction at the product fixing position. When the hook part assembly 50 moves from the storage position to the product fixing position, the buffer member 53 comes into contact with the lower surface of the sliding cover 17 (the buffer member 53 may be slightly compressed), so that the hook part assembly 50 moves up and down. It does not rattle in the direction (the guide members 13, 14 are also pressed by the cushioning materials 18, 18). When the hook 5 is pulled upward through the product due to vibration during transportation, the hook assembly 50 and the guide members 13 and 14 are pulled upward, and the buffer member 53 and the buffer members 18 and 18 are respectively pulled upward. (FIG. 6) absorbs an impact by elastic deformation. Therefore, even when a product loaded due to vibration or impact during product transportation jumps and pulls the hook 5, the load applied to the hook 5, the hook part assembly 50, and the product base 101 can be reduced, and damage to them can be prevented. It becomes possible to do.

  Further, since the contact surface between the buffer member 53 and the sliding cover 17 is an inclined surface that opens toward the inside of the pallet (fixing release direction), a sliding load (friction) when releasing the fixation from the fixed state. Can be reduced, and the operating force of the fixing means 4 can be reduced. That is, when the product is released from the fixed state, the hook 5 (hook assembly 50) is placed on the product by pushing the connector 9 to the inside of the pallet by the operation lever 71 as shown by a thick arrow in FIG. In this case, it is moved in parallel (in the horizontal direction in this example). At this time, as described above, the inclined surface opened toward the operation direction in which the contact surface between the buffer member 53 and the sliding cover 17 is released from being fixed. Therefore, if the hook part assembly 50 moves, the buffer member 53 and the sliding cover 17 can be easily separated, and the operation can be performed with a light operating force.

  If the buffer member 53 and the sliding cover 17 are arranged in contact with each other in a horizontal state, the hook portion assembly 50 must be moved horizontally while the frictional force is applied without changing the contact state between the two. . However, in the configuration of this example, the cushioning member 53 and the sliding cover 17 are separated immediately after the hook portion assembly 50 starts moving, so that friction does not occur between the two, and the operation can be performed lightly. . As a result, for example, when the hook 5 is hooked on the product base 101 during product transportation and the hook 5 arrives with an upward load remaining (arrives at the delivery destination), the buffer member 53 is sandwiched from above and below. Therefore, a very large force is required when operating the operation lever 71 to release the fixation. However, with the above-described configuration of this example, the unlocking operation can be performed with a light operating force, so that the unpacking operation can be easily performed.

  Further, by providing the vertical portion 24 at the upper end of the oblique groove 13a (14a) formed in the guide members 13, 14, the hook portion assembly 50 can be smoothly moved in the horizontal direction. That is, when the vertical portion 24 is not provided and only the oblique groove is provided, when the guide members 13 and 14 are pushed in and the shaft member large 54 is moved, the shaft member large 54 is pressed on the inclined surface. Therefore, a downward force acts on the shaft member large 54 together with a horizontal force. As a result, the large shaft member 54 is pushed downward, the hook assembly 50 is pushed against the holder 10, and the guide members 13, 14 are raised upward by the reaction force and pushed against the cover member 17 or the buffer material 18. . Therefore, the hook assembly 50 and the guide members 13 and 14 cannot be smoothly horizontally moved. However, since the vertical portion 24 is provided, no vertical force acts on the shaft member large 54, and the shaft member large 54, that is, the hook assembly 50 (and the guide members 13, 14) is smoothly moved in the horizontal direction. It becomes possible.

  By the way, as shown in FIG. 8, the connector 9 is connected to the guide members 13 and 14 via shafts 9a and 9b. On the guide members 13 and 14 side, shaft fitting portions 13d and 14d for receiving the shafts 9a and 9b are provided. The size of the shaft fitting portions 13d and 14d in the height direction is set to be equal to or larger than the height of the shafts 9a and 9b plus the amount of distortion of the buffer member 53. As a result, even if the connector 9 is arranged between the pallet body and the holder 10, when an external force is applied to the hook 5, the guide members 13, 14 move in the vertical direction so that the buffer member 53 It is possible to absorb external force.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the hook 5 is an “L” -shaped member comprising a product fixing portion 5a and a vertical portion 5b. However, as can be seen from FIG. 9, the product 5 is fixed in a state where the vertical portion 5b is vertical. The part 5a has a shape facing slightly above the horizontal. As a result, even if the portion of the product base 101 that contacts the hook 5 is slightly deformed, the hook tip can be moved to a predetermined product fixing position without being caught, and the product is not fixed properly. Can be prevented.

  As shown in FIG. 20, a drain hole 25 is provided at the bottom of the holder 10 to communicate the inside of the holder (holding portion 11) with the outside. As a result, even if water is applied to the pallet during transportation or storage and water enters the holder 10, the intruded water is discharged from the drain hole 25, and the dust adsorbs water. It is possible to prevent a situation in which the operation of each member is hindered by being fixed to each member. In addition, the drain hole 25 of this example is formed in the shape and magnitude | size which can fit the lower end part of the hook 5. FIG. In other words, the thickness of the holder 10 can be reduced and the height (thickness) of the pallet can be reduced by also serving as a relief part at the lower end of the hook when the hook part assembly 50 is lowered in the stored state. .

Next, a second embodiment of the packaging device will be described.
FIG. 21: is a perspective view which shows 2nd Embodiment of a packaging apparatus with a product (part).
As shown in this figure, the packaging device 61 of this example is configured as a pallet on which the product 200 is placed. The pallet 61 has three girders, left and right end girders 62L and 62R and a central girder 62C, and a fork insertion hole for inserting a fork of a forklift is formed between the girders. Has been. On the pallet, a total of four hooks are provided as fixing means for fixing the product. That is, there are hooks 65 and 65 which are movable fixed hands provided on the front side of the pallet and hooks 66 and 66 which are fixed type fixing means provided on the back side of the pallet. Further, a plurality of positioning members 63 for positioning products to be placed on the pallet are mounted on the pallet. In the illustrated example, a total of six positioning members 63 are attached, two in contact with the front surface of the product 200 and four in contact with the side surface of the product 200. The positioning member 63 is configured to be detachable from the top surface of the pallet. The material of the main body of the pallet 61 and the positioning member 63 is preferably a resin material such as PP or PE that is low in cost and light in weight.

  FIG. 22 is a partial sectional view of the pallet showing the movable hook 65 part. As shown in this figure, the movable hook 65 includes a product fixing portion 65a that contacts the product base 201 and fixes the product, a fitting portion 65b that fits the pallet body and supports the hook 65, and a product fixing portion 65a. It has a connecting part (vertical part) 65c that connects the fitting part 65b. The width of the fitting portion 65b is wider than the width of the vertical portion 65c, and a shoulder portion 65d is formed at the boundary between them. In addition, semicircular convex portions 65e and 65e are formed on both sides in the width direction of the fitting portion 65b.

  On the other hand, on the pallet 61 side, a hook mounting portion 67 to which a movable hook 65 is mounted is provided. The lower end portion 67a of the hook mounting portion 67 is a free end portion, and the hook 65 can be mounted and supported by the elasticity of the resin material. The hook mounting portion 67 has a narrow portion and a wide portion corresponding to the shape of the hook 65, and a shoulder portion 67b is formed at the boundary portion between the two portions. Further, in the middle of the wide portion, concave portions 67c, 67c and 67d, 67d corresponding to the convex portion 65e of the hook 65 are formed.

  The hook 65 is mounted on the pallet 61, and the convex portion 65e is fitted into the concave portion 67c on the upper side of the hook mounting portion 67, whereby the product fixing portion 65a of the hook is fixed to the product fixing position protruding from the top surface of the pallet. Can do. Further, by fitting the convex portion 65e to the lower concave portion 67d, the hook 65 can be fixed at the storage position where the product fixing portion 65a is flush with the pallet upper surface or from the pallet upper surface. The pallet hook mounting portion 67 is desirably provided with a POM contact material that is excellent in sliding. Further, it is desirable from the viewpoint of durability that the protrusion 55e is also formed on the hook 65 side by attaching a protruding member made of POM. In addition, in order to set the product fixing portion 65a of the hook 65 to the storage position that is flush with the pallet upper surface or from the pallet upper surface, a pallet main body is provided with a hole or a recess not shown.

The operation of mounting the product 200 on the pallet 61 of this example will be described.
When packing and unpacking the product, the product is loaded and unloaded with the positioning member 63 removed. The movable hook 65 is fixed at the product fixing position described above. In this state, the product 200 is placed on the pallet 61 so that the hook entry hole 202 (see FIG. 24) provided in the product base 201 fits into the movable hook 65. Then, the placed product 200 is slid to the back side of the pallet, and the product base 201 is engaged with the movable hooks 65 and 65 and the fixed hooks 66 and 66 as shown in FIGS. Further, by mounting the positioning member 63 at a predetermined position on the pallet 61, the product loading (packing) operation is completed. Unpacking work is performed in the reverse order of packing.

  In the pallet 61 of this example, the fixed hook 66 provided on the back side of the pallet is configured to be hooked on the end portion of the product base 201. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a hole (for the hook 66) in the product base. Since it is only necessary to provide a cutout in the exterior cover of the product 200 by the height of 66, the dimension in the depth direction of the fixed hook 66 can be expanded without depending on the product, and it can withstand horizontal impact. The strength can be easily improved. For this reason, the positioning member 63 (which also has an effect of restricting the movement of the product) arranged around the product can be omitted with respect to the rear side (pallet back side) of the product.

  In order to minimize the size of the hook entry hole provided in the product base and the escape portion provided in the exterior portion of the product, it is desirable to reduce the size of the hook. For this reason, the material of the hook 65 and the hook 66 is preferably a metal, and considering the usage environment of the pallet, the metal is preferably made of stainless steel. Moreover, as a material of the positioning member 63 to be arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the product on the product mounting surface of the pallet, a resin is preferable in order to prevent damage from being generated when contacting the product exterior portion. In addition, a crystalline resin having excellent mechanical strength is desirable so that it can withstand repeated impact during transportation. Among these, PP and PE which are advantageous in terms of cost are desirable.

FIG. 25 is a partial cross-sectional view of the pallet 61 showing the configuration of the fixed hook 66. FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view from the right side of FIG.
As shown in these drawings, cushioning materials 70, 70 are held by a hook holding member 69 using stepped screws 68, 68 on a hook mounting portion 61 a provided on the pallet 61. A hook 66 is arranged so as to be sandwiched between the two cushioning materials 70, 70. A notch hole 66b is formed in the vicinity of the lower end portion of the hook 66, and the hook holding member 69 is inserted into the notch hole 66b. Further, the hook holding member 69 is movable in the vertical direction (axial direction of the screw) on the wide shaft portion 68a of the stepped screw 68. And the product fixing | fixed part 66a which is the upper surface of the hook 66 protrudes on the pallet from the hole 61b provided in the pallet. In this way, the fixed hook 66 is held on the hook mounting portion 61 a provided on the pallet 61 via the cushioning materials 70, 70.

  FIG. 27 shows a modification in which a “U” -shaped hook holding member 69B is used as a hook holding member that presses the cushioning materials 70, 70. The hook holding member is changed from the flat member 69 to the “U” -shaped member 69B, and the shape of the notch hole provided in the hook is changed to the “U” -shaped notch hole 66c accordingly. This is the same as described in 25 and 26. Since the operation is the same, redundant description is omitted.

  When the product is about to jump due to vibration or impact during transportation, the product fixing portion 66a is pulled upward by the product base 201 (see FIGS. 21 and 23) fitted to the hook 66 (66B). In such a case, since the hook holding member 69 (69B) can move in the vertical direction on the wide shaft portion 68a of the stepped screw 68, the hook holding member 69 (69B) holds the cushioning materials 70, 70 through the hook 66. By compressing, the force pulling the hook 66 upward is absorbed. Further, even when a lateral load is applied to the hook 66, the cushioning materials 70, 70 suppress the swing (head swing) of the hook 66. As described above, the hook 66 is held on the pallet 61 via the cushioning materials 70 and 70, so that the load applied to the hook 66 and the product base 201 generated during product transportation can be reduced.

  In addition, since the hook holding member 69 (69B) can move along the stepped screw 68, it is possible to extend the working time of the impact applied to the hook 66 during product transportation and to reduce the magnitude of the impact. Furthermore, since the hook holding member 69 (69B) can move freely, the buffering effect of the buffer material 66 can be obtained effectively.

  FIG. 28 is a partial perspective view of the pallet showing the slidable member provided on the upper surface of the pallet 61. As shown in this figure, in the vicinity of the hook 66 on the upper surface of the pallet 61, a slidable member 80 made of a material having excellent slidability and high hardness is mounted. In this example, it is attached by sticking. The slidable member 80 is preferably disposed in front of the hook 66 (the direction in which the hook product fixing portion 66a is opened). Here, although the case of the fixed hook 66 is shown as a hook, the slidable member 80 can also be arranged on the movable hook 65 portion.

  In order to fix or release the product to be packed on the hooks 65 and 66, it is necessary to move the product itself on the pallet (the direction of product movement when releasing the lock is indicated by an arrow in FIG. 28). Therefore, when unevenness is generated on the product placement surface due to repeated use of the pallet, an excessive force is required to move the product, and workability is reduced. Therefore, the product leg 203 is moved on the slidable member 80 by mounting the slidable member 80 made of a material having excellent slidability and high hardness as described above on the top surface of the pallet. Thus, the product can be easily moved, and packing and unpacking operations can be facilitated.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated by the example of illustration, this invention is not limited to this. For example, the number of fixing means provided on the pallet is arbitrary, and the arrangement location can be set as appropriate. The shape of the hook and the amount of movement can also be set as appropriate.

  Further, in addition to the mounting table, it is possible to provide a structure including a support column, a side plate, and a top plate. In that case, it is possible to adopt appropriate shapes, structures, and the like of the columns, side plates, and top plate. The product / article to be mounted on the packaging device is not limited to the image forming apparatus, and any product / article can be packed.

It is a perspective view which shows an example of the packing apparatus which concerns on this invention with a part of product. It is a perspective view which shows a mode that the product was mounted and fixed to the packing apparatus. It is a top view which shows a mode that the product was mounted and fixed to the pallet. It is an enlarged view which shows the product fixing | fixed part vicinity. It is a perspective view which shows the fixing means arrange | positioned inside a pallet by notching a pallet. It is a disassembled perspective view of a fixing means. It is a disassembled perspective view of the hook part assembly of a fixing means. It is an enlarged view of the guide member which guides a hook part assembly. It is sectional drawing which looked at the fixing means part of the pallet in the product fixed state from the side surface direction. It is sectional drawing which looked at the fixing means part of the pallet in an intermediate state from the side surface direction. It is sectional drawing which looked at the fixing means part of the pallet in a hook accommodation state from the side surface direction. It is an enlarged view which shows in detail the guide member holding a hook part assembly. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that the shaft member of a hook part assembly descends. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the hook part assembly in an intermediate state. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the hook part assembly which started the fall. It is a perspective view which shows the back | inner side part of a hook part assembly. It is a perspective view which shows a mode that a hook part assembly descends. It is explanatory drawing which shows the buffer action of the hook part assembly in a product fixing position. It is explanatory drawing shown about the operation | movement at the time of canceling | releasing fixation from a product fixed state. It is a perspective view of the holder member for demonstrating the drain hole provided in the bottom part of the holder member. It is a perspective view which shows 2nd Embodiment of a packing apparatus with a part of product. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the pallet which shows a movable hook member and its mounting part. It is a perspective view which shows a mode that the product base fitted to the fixed hook member. It is a perspective view which shows a mode that the movable hook member fitted in the product base. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the pallet which shows the structure of a fixed hook member and its mounting part. It is a rear view of the fixed hook member. It is a rear view which shows the modification of a fixed hook member. It is a fragmentary perspective view of the pallet which shows the slidable member provided in the upper surface of the pallet.

Explanation of symbols

1 Pallet (packing device)
3 Positioning member 4 Fixing means 5 Hook (hook-like fixing member)
7 Operation part 9 Connector 10 Holder 12 Retraction part 13, 14 Guide member 13a, 13b Diagonal groove 14a, 14b Diagonal groove 17 Cover member 18 Buffer material 24 Vertical part (shaft member pressing surface)
50 Hook assembly 51 Hook fixing plate 52 Shaft fixing member 53 Buffer member 54 Shaft member 71 Operation lever 72 Locking member 100 Product 101 Product base 102 Hook entry hole

Claims (10)

In a packaging device having a mounting table for mounting at least an article,
A fixing means for directly fixing the article to the table,
The fixing means includes a hook-shaped fixing member that engages with a fixed portion provided on a structure base portion of the article to fix the article, and an article fixing position that engages the hook-shaped fixing member with the fixed portion. And a moving mechanism for moving to a storage position stored in the mounting table,
The moving mechanism moves the hook-shaped fixing member to the article fixing position by causing the hook-shaped fixing member to project substantially vertically from the mounting table and then moving the hook-shaped fixing member substantially parallel to the article mounting surface of the mounting table. A packaging device characterized by being made. The moving mechanism includes: a holder member that holds an assembly including the hook-shaped fixing member through a guide member so as to be movable substantially parallel to the article placement surface; and an inside of the set portion provided on the placement table. The packaging apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: an operation member that is slidable substantially parallel to the placement surface; and a connector member that connects the assembly and the operation member. Locking means capable of holding the hook-shaped fixing member at the storage position and the article fixing position, respectively, and the locking means locks the operating member at one end of its sliding range to thereby form the hook-shaped The packaging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the fixing member is held at the article fixing position, and the hook-shaped fixing member is held at the storage position by being locked at the other end. The lock means has a lock member rotatably attached to the operation member;
The lock member is provided so as to be accommodated in the mounting table in a state of being rotated substantially horizontally, and the lock member is substantially horizontal in a state where the operation member is moved to the one side end or the other side end. The packing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the operation member is restricted from moving by being pivoted to be locked. The assembly includes a buffer member interposed between the assembly and a member fixed to the holder member, and is provided to be movable in the vertical direction at the article fixing position.
The packaging device according to claim 2, wherein when the upward load is applied to the hook-shaped fixing member, the buffer member is elastically deformed and buffered. The contact surface between the member fixed to the holder member and the buffer member is an inclined surface that opens toward the unlocking direction of the hook-shaped fixing member. Packing equipment. The assembly includes a shaft member coupled to the hook-shaped fixing member;
The guide member has a slant groove into which the shaft member is inserted and holds the assembly so that the assembly can be moved up and down, and is provided at an upper end portion of the slant groove so as to extend in a direction substantially orthogonal to the article placement surface. The packaging apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a pressing surface that contacts the member and presses the shaft member in a fixing release direction of the hook-shaped fixing member. When the hook-shaped fixing member is moved substantially in parallel with the article placement surface in the direction of releasing the fixation from the article fixing position, the shaft member is moved immediately before the movement substantially parallel to the article placement surface is completed. The packaging apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising an axis shifting mechanism that shifts to the oblique groove from a position in contact with the pressing surface. The packing device according to claim 1, wherein the hook-shaped fixing member has an elevation angle with a product engaging portion that engages with the fixed portion facing a product fixing direction. The packing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the hook-shaped fixing member is provided so as not to protrude from the upper surface of the mounting table in the storage position.

Images