JP5042569B2 - Acoustic characteristic control board device, space device using the same, and acoustic characteristic control method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an acoustic characteristic control board device for controlling acoustic characteristics of a space, a spatial apparatus using the board, and an acoustic characteristics control method.

  Conventionally, in order to control the acoustic characteristics of a space such as an acoustic studio, a technology for constructing the interior surface of the room with various reflectivity and sound absorption properties has been developed. Have been used (see, for example, Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-075193. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-313610. Masami Toyoshima, “Recent Studio Design”, JAS Journal, Japan Audio Association, Vol. 39, no. 9, pp. 27, 1999. Edited by Japan Society for Acoustic Materials, “Architectural Acoustic Engineering Handbook”, Gihodo, pp. 252, pp. 275, 1963.

  However, the above-described conventional indoor inner surface configuration technology has a limit that the surfaces of the walls and the ceiling and the materials constituting the walls and the ceiling itself are limited. Therefore, for example, it is difficult to apply acoustic characteristic control to a wall surface or a ceiling surface in which the glass surface occupies most, and there is a great limit in visual openness. In addition, a large-scale construction is required to realize the above-described conventional indoor inner surface construction technology. Therefore, it is difficult to set a desired spatial acoustic characteristic while adjusting, or to apply acoustic characteristic control to a space having a wall or ceiling that has already been constructed. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new indoor inner surface construction technology that enables flexible control of the acoustic characteristics of the space regardless of the constituent material of the constructed indoor inner surface.

  In order to solve this problem, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an acoustic reproduction device for suppressing the generation of standing waves and forming an acoustically excellent sound field when acoustic reproduction is performed indoors. . In the sound reproducing apparatus according to this conventional example, a main sound source for sound reproduction is installed, and an output signal from the program reproducing apparatus is amplified by the main sound source amplifying apparatus and then input to the main sound source. Further, the output signal of the program reproducing device is branched and inputted to the control means, and the phase, amplitude and frequency components are controlled and outputted by the control means, amplified by the auxiliary sound source amplifying device, and then opposed to the main sound source 1 Input to a sub sound source installed at a position, drive this sub sound source, and control so that a waveform whose phase characteristics are opposite to that of the standing wave generated by driving the main sound source is generated. It is characterized by suppressing waves and forming an acoustically excellent sound field. However, the sound reproducing apparatus according to the conventional example has a problem that a plurality of sound sources are required and the system is considerably complicated.

  The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is simpler than the conventional example. For example, an acoustic characteristic control board device capable of easily controlling the acoustic characteristics of a space such as a room and the like are used. It is an object of the present invention to provide a spatial device and an acoustic characteristic control method.

An acoustic characteristic control board device according to a first aspect of the present invention is provided on one or both sides of a board formed with a first material having a predetermined absorptivity for incident sound or vibration waves having an audible frequency component. An acoustic control board formed by forming a second material having a predetermined reflectivity with respect to incident sound or vibration wave having an ultra-high frequency exceeding the audible range is formed at least in part by a plurality of surfaces. An arrangement means for controlling the acoustic characteristics of the space device by disposing the space device in the space device at a predetermined distance from the surface of the space device ;
The second material is a polyethylene film .

  The acoustic characteristic control board device further includes a moving means for further controlling the acoustic characteristics of the space device by moving or rotating the acoustic control board in one or more dimensions. .

A space device according to a second aspect of the present invention is a space device formed of a plurality of surfaces, and includes the acoustic characteristic control board device and a speaker that radiates super-high frequency, together with radiation of super-high frequency by the speaker, The acoustic characteristic control board device radiates an ultra-high frequency sound or a vibration wave to the listener by radiation from the ultra-high frequency reflection .

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an acoustic characteristic control method comprising at least one side or both sides of a board formed with a first material having a predetermined absorbency with respect to incident sound or vibration wave having an audible frequency component. A part of the acoustic control board is formed by forming a second material having a predetermined reflectivity with respect to incident sound or vibration wave having an ultra-high frequency exceeding the audible range. Including a step of controlling the acoustic characteristics of the space device by disposing the space device in the space device at a predetermined distance from the surface of the space device, wherein the second material is a polyethylene film. Features.

The acoustic characteristic control method further includes the step of further controlling the acoustic characteristics of the space device by moving or rotating the acoustic control board in one or more dimensions.
An acoustic characteristic control method according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is an acoustic characteristic control method in a spatial device that includes the acoustic characteristic control board device and a speaker that radiates an ultra-high frequency and is formed of a plurality of surfaces. Ultra high frequency sound or vibration waves are radiated to the listener by radiation of super high frequency from the acoustic characteristic control board device together with super high frequency radiation by the speaker.

Therefore, according to the acoustic characteristic control board device, the spatial device using the acoustic characteristic control board device, and the acoustic characteristic control method according to the present invention, the first characteristic having a predetermined absorptivity with respect to incident sound or vibration wave having a frequency component in the audible range. A second material having a predetermined reflectivity with respect to an incident sound or vibration wave having an ultra-high frequency exceeding the audible range is formed on at least a part of one side or both sides of the board formed with the first material. Arrangement means for controlling the acoustic characteristics of the space device by disposing the sound control board in the space device at a predetermined distance from the surface of the space device formed by a plurality of surfaces. The second material is a polyethylene film . Here, the first material or the second material has absorptivity or reflectivity according to the frequency of the incident sound or vibration wave. Furthermore, the acoustic control board further includes moving means for further controlling the acoustic characteristics of the space device by moving or rotating the acoustic control board in one or more dimensions. Thereby, compared with the conventional example, the acoustic characteristics of a space such as a room can be easily and flexibly controlled. For example, it becomes possible to perform acoustic characteristic control especially on the wall surface of the room where the glass surface is mostly occupied, and a more open studio environment can be formed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, in each following embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same component.

  Fig.1 (a) is a front view which shows the acoustic characteristic control board apparatus 10 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, FIG.1 (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view about the AA line of Fig.1 (a). . In this embodiment, the acoustic panel is installed at a certain distance from the surface of the wall or ceiling, rather than installing the sound absorbing material inside the wall or ceiling, or arranging the acoustic panel on the surface of the wall or ceiling. In addition, by installing it so that it can be easily moved by using a rail or the like, it is possible to realize an indoor inner surface configuration that is visually open and excellent in design, and that can perform flexible acoustic characteristic control. In order to solve the above problems, in this embodiment, the acoustic characteristics of the space are controlled by suspending an acoustic panel having a known sound absorbing property and / or reflecting property at a position away from a built-in interior surface by a certain distance. Furthermore, for example, it is characterized in that the acoustic characteristics are flexibly adjusted by laying a rail on the ceiling or the like and suspending the acoustic panel in such a manner that it can freely move on the rail.

  In FIG. 1 (a) and (b), the acoustic characteristic control board apparatus 10 is formed as follows. Twelve frame members 12 made of, for example, wood and having a rectangular column shape are affixed or screwed to two edge positions that divide the edge portions on both sides of the flat plate-like plywood plate 11 and the center surface into three. As a result, six board inner spaces 21-26 are formed to form one board, and the board inner space 21-26 is filled with a sound absorbing material 20 made of, for example, glass wool with a thickness of 32K. To do. Next, by sticking a cloth 13, which is a so-called fire-resistant cloth (in this specification, cloth means cloth) on the top, bottom, both sides, and both sides of the board. Cover the board. Thereby, the acoustic characteristic control board apparatus 10 is obtained. The size of the board surface is, for example, 90 cm × 180 cm, 90 cm × 240 cm, 45 cm × 180 cm, 45 cm × 240 cm. The acoustic characteristic control board device 10 formed as described above is suspended so as to be separated from a wall surface of an indoor space such as an acoustic studio by a predetermined distance and supported from the ceiling surface at a predetermined interval.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the particle velocity in the vicinity of the wall surface 50 when the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 of FIG. 1 is used. For example, the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 is not closely attached to a ceiling surface or a wall surface of an indoor space such as an acoustic studio, but is separated by a predetermined interval (for example, at least 5 cm and 100 cm or less). Thus, the acoustic characteristics control board device 10 can absorb the sound waves in the low frequency range more effectively. In the present embodiment, the approximate frequency of each frequency band (or each frequency range) is, for example, as follows.
(1) Low frequency: A sound or vibration wave of approximately 5 Hz or more and approximately 200 Hz or less.
(2) Low sound, low sound range or low frequency sound: sound of approximately 20 Hz or more and approximately 200 Hz or less.
(3) Audible sound, audible range sound or audible range wave: A sound or vibration wave of approximately 20 Hz or more and approximately 20 kHz or less.
(4) Mid-range sound, mid-range wave or audible mid-range wave: A sound or vibration wave of approximately 200 Hz or more and approximately 2 kHz or less.
(5) High frequency sound or high frequency: Sound or vibration wave of approximately 2 kHz or more and approximately 20 kHz or less.
(6) Super high frequency: A sound or vibration wave of approximately 20 kHz or more and approximately 200 kHz or less.

  The following physical phenomena are theoretically used in order to absorb low-frequency sound waves as described above. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the frequency c / λ [Hz] (where the sound velocity c = 340 [m / sec], the wavelength λ = 4X [M], and the frequency c / λ = 85 / X [Hz].) There is a node of the standing wave, and the particle velocity of the gas is maximum at this point. Therefore, by arranging the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 operating as a sound absorbing panel at this position, it is possible to effectively absorb sound waves in the vicinity of the frequency 85 / X [Hz].

  The acoustic characteristic control board device 10 not only absorbs sound by the sound absorbing material, but also resonates at a low frequency by using an air layer between the plywood 11 and the wall surface 50 on which the plywood plate 11 is constructed as a spring of acoustic impedance, thereby generating low frequency sound. Improve sound absorption characteristics. The acoustic characteristic control board device 10 has a high degree of freedom in design, is excellent in design, is easy to move, attach and detach after installation, and is inexpensive in terms of cost. In the above example, the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 having one kind of reflection / absorption characteristics has been described. However, a plurality of acoustic characteristic control board devices 10 having different reflection characteristics and / or sound absorption characteristics may be replaced or mixed. Or you may. It is possible to devise such that the directions of acoustic panels having different reflectivity and / or absorptivity on the front surface and the back surface are used interchangeably.

  As described above, according to the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 according to the present embodiment, for example, for the purpose of flexibly controlling the acoustic characteristics of a space regardless of the constituent material of the wall surface of a built room, The acoustic characteristics of the space can be controlled by suspending the acoustic characteristics control board device 10, which is an acoustic panel having sound absorption and / or reflection properties, at a certain distance from the constructed indoor wall surface.

  Next, a method for supporting the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 will be described below. FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram for explaining a situation when the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 of FIG. 1 is supported on the ceiling rails 31 and 32. FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which rails 31 and 32 are laid on the ceiling of an acoustic studio, for example, and the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 is suspended there.

  In FIG. 3A, rails 31 and 32 are laid so as to be parallel to each other on the indoor ceiling. Sliding support members 41 a and 42 a movable along the rail 31 are attached to the rail 31, and sliding support members 43 a and 44 a movable along the rail 32 are attached to the rail 32. These four sliding support members 41a, 42a, 43a, 44a are supported by column support members 41, 42, 43, 44 extending downward from a support plate 45 made of, for example, a wood plate. . Further, the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 is supported so as to be suspended by support members 46 and 47 having one end connected to the support flat plate 45. With the above configuration, the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 can be moved along the longitudinal direction of the rails 31 and 32.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 3A having the above configuration, the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 can be easily moved in a predetermined one-dimensional direction to flexibly adjust the acoustic characteristic of the space. With the conventional method, it is not easy to change the spatial acoustic characteristics, and it is possible to solve the problem that it is difficult to create an acoustic characteristic optimal for the purpose while listening to the sound. Furthermore, this embodiment makes it possible to add acoustic characteristic control to the wall surface where the glass surface occupies most. Thereby, from the interval of the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 suspended on the front surface of the glass, it is possible to look from the inside to the outside and from the outside to the inside, and a more open studio environment can be formed.

  FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram for explaining a situation when the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 with the wheels 10r is supported on the ceiling rail 31. FIG. In FIG. 3B, sliding support members 41 a and 42 a that can move along the rail 31 are attached to the rail 31 that is laid just before the ceiling wall of the room. The support plate 45 made of, for example, a rectangular flat plate is supported by the column support members 41 and 42 extending downward from the two sliding support members 41a and 42a. Furthermore, the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 is supported so as to be suspended at the upper part thereof via a bellows type expansion / contraction support member 48 connected to the support flat plate 45. A plurality of wheels 10r are provided below the acoustic characteristic control board device 10, and the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 can be easily moved on the floor surface of the room. With the above configuration, the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 can be arbitrarily moved left and right along the longitudinal direction of the rail 31 at a position separated from the wall surface by a predetermined distance. By extending and contracting, the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 can be moved in the vertical direction and positioned at an arbitrary distance from the wall.

  As described above, by laying the rails 31 and 32 on the ceiling at a certain distance from the indoor wall surface and suspending the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 in such a manner that the rails 31 and 32 can be freely moved. The acoustic characteristics can be adjusted flexibly. Thereby, the acoustic characteristic control can be applied to the wall surface in which the glass surface occupies most, and a more open studio environment can be formed.

  Note that the moving direction of the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 is, for example, an acoustic characteristic control board using a sliding support member that moves in a two-dimensional direction in a plane parallel to the ceiling, or in a three-dimensional direction including a height direction. The acoustic characteristics in the room may be controlled by moving the device 10. In the above embodiment, the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 is moved. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 is rotated by using a predetermined rotation mechanism so that the indoor acoustic characteristics are obtained. You may control.

  FIG. 4A is a perspective view showing the appearance of an acoustic characteristic control board device 10A according to the first modification of the present invention, and FIG. 4B is an acoustic characteristic control according to the second modification of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the board apparatus 10B. 4 (a) and 4 (b), in order to finely adjust the reverberation time, a reflective material 71 such as wood and a sound-absorbing material 72 such as glass wool are formed in a belt shape in one board. Alternatively, the checkered pattern may be dispersed.

  FIG. 5A is a perspective view showing the appearance of acoustic characteristic control board devices 10a and 10b according to the third modification of the present invention, and FIG. 5B is an acoustic diagram according to the fourth modification of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the characteristic control board apparatus 10a, 10b, 10c. 5 (a) and 5 (b), a plurality of acoustic characteristic control board devices 10a, 10b, and 10c having different sound absorbing properties or reflective properties are connected in the vertical direction and suspended to adjust the acoustic characteristics of the space. Also good.

  FIG. 6 is a side view showing a film forming method of the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the following first and second embodiments, an acoustic wave S1 in an audible range from a low frequency to a high frequency (generally up to a frequency of 20 kHz) is passed over the single-sided cross 13 on both sides of the acoustic characteristic control board device 10. A feature is that a film 73 made of, for example, a polyethylene film that reflects sound waves or vibration waves Sh (approximately from a frequency of 20 kHz to approximately 200 kHz) is formed.

In FIG. 6 of the first embodiment, a film 73 is formed on one side of the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 (one side opposite to the wall surface 50). In this case, the sound wave S1 in the audible range passes through the film 73 and is then absorbed by the acoustic characteristic control board device 10. Further, the super-high frequency sound wave or the vibration wave Sh is reflected by the film 73. That is, the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 with the film 73 absorbs the sound wave S1 in the audible range, so that the reverberation in the room can be reduced and the acoustic characteristic can be improved. It can be radiated to the user who is reflecting and listening. In the latter case, super high frequency sound waves or vibrations can be effectively applied to the listener with a larger radiation amount by the super high frequency radiation from the original speaker and the radiation by the super high frequency reflection from the acoustic characteristic control board device 10. Can emit waves. For example, Patent Document 2 discloses ultrahigh-frequency radiation as follows.
“For example, when a low frequency component is applied via a low frequency signal sound generation unit of an earphone and a high frequency component is applied via a speaker (low frequency component from earphone + high frequency component from speaker), α It is clear that the wave EEG potential is increased, and that the cerebral blood flow is increased in three parts, the angular part of the brain, the part in the posterior cingulate gyrus, and the boundary part of the posterior zonal gyrus. The frequency component is applied directly to the hearing, and the high frequency component is applied not only to the human body 30 of the subject, but also to the entire body, thereby increasing the α-wave EEG potential. It can increase cerebral blood flow, relax humans, relax humans and relieve stress. "

  That is, the super-high-frequency sound wave or vibration wave is effectively radiated to the listener with a larger radiation amount by the super-high-frequency radiation from the original speaker and the radiation by the super-high-frequency reflection from the acoustic characteristic control board device 10. Thus, the α wave EEG potential of the listener can be increased, the cerebral blood flow can be increased, the human tension can be relaxed, the human can be relaxed, and the stress can be eliminated. That is, by using the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 with the film 73 and reflecting without absorbing the super-frequency vibration wave or the sound wave, the expression of the hypersonic effect (HSE) can be greatly promoted. Has an effect.

  FIG. 7 is a side view showing a film forming method of the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is characterized in that a film 73 made of, for example, a polyethylene film is formed on the cloth 13 on both surfaces of the acoustic characteristic control board device 10. In Example 2 of FIG. 7, the audible sound wave Sl from the wall surface 50 passes through the film 73 and is then absorbed by the acoustic characteristic control board device 10. Further, the super-high frequency sound wave or vibration wave Sh from the wall surface 50 is reflected by the film 73. Even in this case, since the film 73 is formed on the viewer-side surface, the acoustic characteristics control board device 10 with the film 73 is used to reflect the hypersonic vibration wave or sound wave without absorbing it, thereby hypersonic. -It has a specific effect that the expression of the effect (HSE) can be greatly promoted.

  Next, Table 1 below shows examples of the combination of the wall surface material and the board material of the acoustic characteristic control board device 10. The sound absorption / reflection properties for each band of the board material are shown in Table 2 below.

  In Table 2, an animal leather thin film, a rubber film, a metal film, a metal foil, or the like may be used instead of the polyethylene film.

  By configuring the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 as shown in Table 1, for example, the purpose of each item can be achieved. In particular, as is apparent from Table 1, the use of the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 with a film reflects the hypersonic vibration wave or sound wave without absorbing it, thereby greatly promoting the expression of the hypersonic effect (HSE). can do.

  The material having absorptivity or sound absorption is a material having a predetermined absorption rate for the purpose of absorption or sound absorption, and the material having reflectivity is a material having a predetermined reflectivity for the purpose of reflection. The absorptance α and the reflectance γ expressed as an energy ratio have a relationship of α = 1−γ, and generally speaking, when the reflectance exceeds 50%, it is said to have reflectivity, and the reflectance is less than 50%. It is said that it has absorptivity or sound absorption.

  FIG. 8 is a plan view showing an example of a studio for transmitting a hypersonic sound (HSS) signal using the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. 9 to 11 are front views showing the wall surfaces of the studio for transmitting the hypersonic sound (HSS) signal of FIG. In the third embodiment, a concept plan of a transmission studio for a sound environment creation implementation experiment by applying a hypersonic effect will be described below.

  In order to obtain knowledge that contributes to the creation of an urban sound environment by application of the hypersonic effect (HSE), the present inventors set a model area in an actual urban area and conduct an experiment of creating an urban sound environment. For this purpose, we studied the required functions of a studio for transmitting hypersonic sound (HSS) signals and constructed a concept plan for realizing it.

  Next, the necessity of the transmission studio and the required functions will be described below. The system to be constructed in the implementation experiment in the model district is a prototype of a system that supplies HSS, which is expected to be constructed widely in the future, to the urban area. In view of future expandability, the inventors of the present invention recorded the signal data of Hypersonic Sound (HSS) and played it from a fixed package medium, and transmitted the signal, and received the signal. The idea was to make the function of converting to air vibration independent of each other, install them at some distance from each other, and connect them with a high-speed network to supply hypersonic sound (HSS). For this purpose, it is necessary to install a hypersonic sound (HSS) signal transmission base in one corner of the model area.

  On the other hand, as the understanding of urban sound environment creation using hypersonic effect (HSE) deepens, the local motive to adopt this new concept of urban development was born autonomously, and hypersonic sound (HSS). ) There was a request that the signal transmission base should be the symbol. In order to make the invisible phenomenon of “sound” a concept of town development, facilities with an easy-to-understand display function that appeals to the visual sense of visitors and residents are indispensable, and the hypersonic sound (HSS) transmission base is a good place for that. It can be a thing. Against this background, it is possible to experience Hypersonic Sound (HSS) at the signal transmission base as well as that flowing in the city, and in the future, using the equipment at the transmission base, Hypersonic Sound (HSS) can be used. It was also expected to be able to edit and disseminate environmental sound materials including it. In addition, as a space for constructing a hypersonic sound (HSS) signal transmission base including multiple functions, a local related organization proposed to provide a showroom in front of the first floor of a multipurpose core facility in the area.

In order to make use of the above-mentioned positive proposals, the present inventors reorganized the functions of the transmission studio as follows and worked on the realization thereof.
(1) Exhibit function as a symbol of <brain-friendly town planning>. In addition to making it possible to observe the equipment and work conditions in the studio from outside the room, panels will be displayed.
(2) A transmission function for supplying a hypersonic sound (HSS) signal to a city block via a network.
(3) An environmental sound experience function that allows visitors to experience hypersonic sound (HSS) equivalent to that flowing in the city in a room with good acoustic characteristics. For this purpose, six sound transmitters will be installed in the studio and six outside the studio to enable a hypersonic sound (HSS) experience.
(4) A sound editing function that can process and edit sound material that contains abundant super-high-frequency components and produce works using Hypersonic Sound (HSS). For this purpose, a mixing console with excellent high-frequency response characteristics is installed. Other editing equipment can be brought in from outside as needed.

  Furthermore, the plan for the transmission studio is described below. In order to fulfill the above functions, this transmission studio was set up on the first floor of a multi-purpose core facility in the area including a tourist information center built facing the main street. However, in order to observe the inside of the studio from the two directions of the main street and the indoor tourist information center, it was necessary to take the so-called open studio format in which the two wall surfaces are made of glass. However, such visual openness contradicts acoustic independence and the sound absorption performance required for the studio. Moreover, the basic design of the entire building, which is the core facility, has been outlined, and the degree of freedom in design has been considerably limited compared to the construction of a dedicated acoustic studio.

  Under these circumstances, in order to achieve both the visual openness as an open studio and the sound insulation performance and sound absorption performance required for an acoustic studio, first, the front of the studio facing the street is entirely 19mm thick glass. Consists of. Under this condition, the reproduction sound of the speaker is reflected on the glass surface and reaches the mixing point. Therefore, as a means for solving this problem, an angle is given to the sound reflected by the glass inside the front glass toward the sound absorbing surface of the ceiling (see FIGS. 8 to 11). Furthermore, we developed and installed a movable acoustic panel module with strong sound absorption performance and excellent design on the ceiling and walls, and succeeded in creating a high-quality acoustic space.

  As described above, in the third embodiment, a studio concept plan that solves difficult design problems such as visual openness, acoustic independence, and sound absorption performance are described.

  FIG. 12 is a plan view showing an example of a studio for transmitting a hypersonic sound (HSS) signal using the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. 13 is a graph showing the frequency characteristic of the sound absorption rate of the acoustic characteristic control board device 10 using the studio of FIG. 12, and FIG. 14 is a graph showing the frequency characteristic of the reverberation time in the studio of FIG. In the fourth embodiment, the acoustic panel module (hereinafter referred to as the above-described acoustic characteristic control board device 10) for the sound environment creation and implementation experiment using the application of the hypersonic effect (HSE). The studio design method and experimental results by the panel module 10) will be described below.

  The present inventors are advancing research and development to apply the hypersonic effect (HSE) to the improvement of the urban sound environment. Therefore, it is difficult to coexist in one room of a multi-purpose building in an urban area, such as a hypersonic sound (HSS) transmission function, sound space experience function, exhibition function, and sound editing function that are supplied to the model district. It became necessary to realize a transmission studio (sound adjustment room) that performed multiple functions. In order to solve this congested problem without contradiction, we have developed a sound absorbing acoustic panel module 10 having a unique structure and installed it in combination to report the creation of a high quality acoustic space. To do. In addition, the possibility of applying the acoustic panel module 10 to a reverberation variable system in a recording studio or the like will be described.

  Next, the constraints in the transmission studio design will be described below. While this studio is required to have a visual beauty and openness as a symbol of city planning, it has sound absorption performance and acoustic independence equivalent to the control room of a recording studio, and a comfortable acoustic as a listening room. All mutually contradictory performances to be realized must be realized. In addition, with the installation in the core facilities of the district where the basic design has already been completed, there are significant restrictions on the design, construction schedule and budget.

  In order to create a high-quality acoustic space that satisfies all of these requirements, the present inventors have made a distinction from conventional conventional construction methods, developed a unique acoustic panel module 10, and its effectiveness. I tried to design a studio that made the most of it.

  Further, the design of the acoustic panel module 10 will be described below. For sound absorption treatment in the studio, especially in the control room, a sandwich structure called a base trap with glass wool attached to both sides, such as plywood, is fixed to the sound insulation layer (sound insulation wall) at a right angle or an angle close to a right angle. Is often adopted. This method is excellent in sound absorption, but contradicts the visual openness. As a result, the wall becomes thick and the effective volume in the room is reduced, and the construction requires considerable time and cost.

  On the other hand, the present inventors are developing a method of installing a panel in which glass wool is pasted on both sides of a plywood board in parallel to a sound insulation wall and applying it to studio design. Taking advantage of this principle, the panel is suspended from the rail and made movable. In this method, first, in addition to the sound absorption effect by glass wool, the sound absorption effect by plate resonance of the panel itself can be expected. In addition, the degree of freedom in design including the size and arrangement of the panel is high, the design is excellent, the movement, installation and removal after installation are easy, and the cost is low.

  This time, the acoustic panel module 10 was designed so as to optimally clear the conditions required by the target studio. As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), glass wool 20 having a density of 32K and a thickness of 40mm is pasted on both sides of a 5.5mm thick standard plywood board 11, and the surface is covered with a fire cloth 13. The acoustic panel module 10 was manufactured.

  The size of the acoustic panel module 10 was 1800 mm in length and 900 mm in width. A mounting rail was installed on the ceiling surface 200 to 500 mm away from the wall surface, and the panel was suspended from the ceiling along the wall surface. FIG. 13 shows the sound absorption characteristics of the acoustic panel module 10.

  Further, the acoustic effect of the acoustic panel module 10 will be discussed below. Since the actual sound absorption work only required the installation of panels manufactured in the factory in advance, it was completed in one day after the basic interior work was completed, and the entire process was not affected. FIG. 12 shows the panel layout and the like in the completed transmission studio.

  Panel arrangement in the transmission studio For the completed transmission studio, all acoustic panel modules 10 were arranged as designed, and reverberation time characteristics were measured. As a result, as shown in FIG. 14, good results were obtained that were substantially flat for 0.2 to 0.4 seconds. It was also confirmed that there was a sufficient degree of freedom in adjusting the reverberation characteristics by changing the arrangement of the acoustic panel module 10.

  This method is considered to have great effectiveness and possibility in easily realizing a good acoustic space under design conditions with severe restrictions. Further, as an advanced form of these acoustic panel modules 10, it can be said that it is also effective to construct a simple reverberation variable system by creating single-sided reflection / single-sided sound absorption panels and adjusting the direction in which they are suspended.

  As described above, the method of the acoustic panel module 10 that is effective in creating a good acoustic space that satisfies the contradicting requirements of visual openness, acoustic independence, and sound absorption performance in a short period of time and at low cost will be described. did.

  FIG. 15A is a plan view of a studio for transmitting a hypersonic sound (HSS) signal used in an experiment according to Example 5 of the present invention, and FIG. 15B is a studio of FIG. 15A. It is a front view of the wall surface. FIG. 16 is a graph showing the frequency characteristics of the sound absorption coefficient in the experiment according to Example 5. In Example 5, using the acoustic panel module 10 described in Example 4, a reverberation measurement experiment was performed to examine the effect when moved away from the wall.

  First, the experimental method of Example 5 will be described below. The laboratory where the measurement was performed is shown in FIGS. The acoustic panel module 10 according to the fifth embodiment is intended to control the acoustic characteristics for a designed and constructed space without sufficiently considering the acoustic characteristics. A room that is not fully considered is desirable. Therefore, in Example 5, a normal conference room having a concrete wall having a long side of 9.9 m, a short side of 6.5 m, and a ceiling height of 3 m and a glass window was used as a laboratory.

  Next, a method for installing the acoustic panel module 10 will be described below. Four acoustic panel modules 10 according to Example 4 were prepared and installed in parallel with the wall surface as shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B with an interval of 20 cm. FIG. 15 shows the installation under the air layer 0 cm condition. In addition to this condition, two installation conditions of an air layer of 20 cm and an air layer of 45 cm (that is, a condition in which the acoustic panel is installed at intervals of 20 cm and 45 cm from the wall surface, respectively) and a non-acoustic panel as a control condition The reverberation time was measured for a total of four installation conditions.

  As measurement points, three points M1, M2, and M3 shown in FIG. 15A are set as listener positions, and an omnidirectional microphone is installed at a height of 1.5 m corresponding to the ear position of a standing listener. Measurement was performed. In the above room, the reverberation time T before installation of the acoustic panel module 10 was measured, and then the acoustic panel module 10 was installed and the reverberation time T ′ was measured. The sound absorption rate was calculated from the difference between these reverberation times T and T '. The reverberation time measurement method is as follows. The signal sound pink noise due to CD reproduction was reproduced for about 1 second by a full range powered speaker and paused for about 2 seconds, and this was repeated 10 times for each microphone position. The reverberant sound was recorded on a digital audio tape recorder (DAT) for sound collection with an omnidirectional microphone installed at a height of 1.5 m at the listener position. Next, the recorded reverberation sound was reproduced using a digital audio tape recorder (DAT) and taken into a hard disk memory of a personal computer, and the reverberation time was calculated for each frequency of 1/3 octave.

  Further, experimental results will be described below. FIG. 16 shows the sound absorption coefficient measured and calculated for each condition of the air layer of 0 cm, 20 cm, and 45 cm. Compared to the air layer 0 cm condition (that is, the condition in which the wall surface and the acoustic panel are integrated), which is the sound absorbing material installation method according to the prior art, the condition in which the acoustic panel is installed with the air layer 20 cm and the air layer 45 cm separated The rate of absorbing low frequency components below 500 Hz has been improved. In particular, as the air layer is larger (that is, when the acoustic panel is installed farther from the wall surface), the rate of absorbing low frequency components of less than 500 Hz is improved. On the other hand, for an audible range component of 500 Hz or higher, the distance between the acoustic panel and the wall surface did not affect the sound absorption rate.

  Considering the above experimental results, it was confirmed that the method according to the present embodiment in which the acoustic panel module 10 is installed away from the wall surface has an effect of improving the low-frequency component sound absorption rate compared with the method according to the prior art. Further, it was shown that the sound absorption coefficient of the low frequency component is improved by moving the panel farther away from the wall (up to at least 45 cm under the present experimental conditions). However, there is a demerit that the effective use area in the room decreases as the acoustic panel module 10 is installed farther away from the wall. Therefore, in the implementation, it is necessary to determine the optimum installation position from both aspects of indoor availability and low frequency component absorption.

As described above in detail, according to the acoustic characteristic control board device, the spatial device using the acoustic characteristic control board device, and the acoustic characteristic control method according to the present invention, a predetermined amount of sound or vibration wave having an audible frequency component is predetermined. A second having a predetermined reflectivity with respect to incident sound or vibration wave having an ultra-high frequency exceeding the audible range on at least a part of one or both sides of the board formed with the first material having absorptivity. The acoustic control board formed of the material is disposed in the space device at a predetermined distance from the surface of the space device formed by a plurality of surfaces, so that the acoustic characteristics of the space device The second material is a polyethylene film . Here, the first material or the second material has absorptivity or reflectivity according to the frequency of the incident sound or vibration wave. Furthermore, the acoustic control board further includes moving means for further controlling the acoustic characteristics of the space device by moving or rotating the acoustic control board in one or more dimensions. Thereby, compared with the conventional example, the acoustic characteristics of a space such as a room can be easily and flexibly controlled. For example, it becomes possible to perform acoustic characteristic control especially on the wall surface of the room where the glass surface is mostly occupied, and a more open studio environment can be formed.

(A) is a front view which shows the acoustic characteristic control board apparatus 10 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view about the AA line of Fig.1 (a). It is sectional drawing which shows the particle velocity of the wall surface 50 vicinity when the acoustic characteristic control board apparatus 10 of FIG. 1 is used. (A) is the schematic for demonstrating the condition when the acoustic characteristic control board apparatus 10 of FIG. 1 is supported by the ceiling rails 31 and 32, (b) is the acoustic characteristic control board apparatus 10 with the wheel 10r. It is the schematic for demonstrating the condition when is supported by the rail 31 of a ceiling. (A) is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of 10 A of acoustic characteristic control board apparatuses which concern on the 1st modification of this invention, (b) is acoustic characteristic control board apparatus 10B which concerns on the 2nd modification of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows an external appearance. (A) is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of acoustic characteristic control board apparatus 10a, 10b which concerns on the 3rd modification of this invention, (b) is an acoustic characteristic control board apparatus which concerns on the 4th modification of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of 10a, 10b, 10c. It is a side view which shows the film formation method of the acoustic characteristic control board apparatus 10 which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is a side view which shows the film formation method of the acoustic characteristic control board apparatus 10 which concerns on Example 2 of this invention. It is a top view which shows an example of the studio for hypersonic sound (HSS) signal transmission using the acoustic characteristic control board apparatus 10 which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. It is a front view which shows the 1st wall surface of the studio for the hypersonic sound (HSS) signal transmission of FIG. It is a front view which shows the 2nd wall surface of the studio for the hypersonic sound (HSS) signal transmission of FIG. It is a front view which shows the 3rd wall surface of the studio for the hypersonic sound (HSS) signal transmission of FIG. It is a top view which shows an example of the studio for hypersonic sound (HSS) signal transmission using the acoustic characteristic control board apparatus 10 which concerns on Example 4 of this invention. It is a graph which shows the frequency characteristic of the sound absorption factor of the acoustic characteristic control board apparatus 10 using the studio of FIG. It is a graph which shows the frequency characteristic of the reverberation time in the studio of FIG. (A) is a top view of the studio for hypersonic sound (HSS) signal transmission used in the experiment concerning Example 5 of this invention, (b) is the front of the wall surface of the studio of Fig.15 (a). FIG. 10 is a graph showing frequency characteristics of sound absorption coefficient according to an experiment according to Example 5.

Explanation of symbols

10, 10A, 10B, 10a, 10b, 10c ... acoustic characteristic control board device (acoustic panel module),
10r ... wheel,
11 ... plywood,
12 ... Frame material,
13 ... Cross,
20 ... Sound absorbing material,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 ... space in the board,
31, 32 ... rails,
41, 42, 43, 44 ... cylindrical support members,
41a, 42a, 43a, 44a ... sliding support members,
45 ... support plate,
46, 47 ... support members,
48 ... bellows type elastic support member,
50 ... wall surface,
61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 ... cylindrical support members,
71 ... Sound-absorbing material,
72 ... reflective material,
73: Film.

Claims (6)

At least a part of one side or both sides of the board formed with the first material having a predetermined absorbability with respect to incident sound or vibration wave having a frequency component in the audible range, at an ultrahigh frequency exceeding the audible range. An acoustic control board formed of a second material having a predetermined reflectivity with respect to a certain incident sound or vibration wave is separated from a surface of a predetermined space device formed by a plurality of surfaces by a predetermined interval. And arranging means for controlling the acoustic characteristics of the spatial device by arranging it in the spatial device ,
The acoustic material control board apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the second material is a polyethylene film . By moving or rotating the sound control board one- or multi-dimensional, acoustic characteristic control board apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a moving means for further controlling the acoustic characteristics of the space unit . In a space device formed by a plurality of surfaces,
The acoustic characteristic control board device according to claim 1 or 2 ,
With a speaker that radiates super-high frequency,
A space device characterized in that a super-high frequency sound or vibration wave is radiated to a listener by radiation of super-high frequency reflection from the acoustic characteristic control board device together with super-high frequency radiation from the speaker. At least a part of one side or both sides of the board formed with the first material having a predetermined absorbability with respect to incident sound or vibration wave having a frequency component in the audible range, at an ultrahigh frequency exceeding the audible range. An acoustic control board formed of a second material having a predetermined reflectivity with respect to a certain incident sound or vibration wave is separated from a surface of a predetermined space device formed by a plurality of surfaces by a predetermined interval. and by arranging in the space apparatus, viewed contains the step of controlling the acoustic characteristics of the space apparatus,
The method for controlling acoustic characteristics , wherein the second material is a polyethylene film . The acoustic characteristic control method according to claim 4 , further comprising the step of further controlling the acoustic characteristics of the space device by moving or rotating the acoustic control board in one or more dimensions. An acoustic characteristic control board according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a speaker that emits microwave, an acoustic characteristic control method in the space apparatus comprising formed by a plurality of faces,
An acoustic characteristic control method characterized by radiating an ultra-high frequency sound or vibration wave to a listener by radiating super-high frequency radiation from the acoustic characteristic control board device together with super-high frequency radiation from the speaker.

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