JP5025972B2 - Unit building and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a unit building composed of a plurality of building units.

The unit building is configured by arranging columns in four corners and arranging a plurality of building units in a box shape by connecting the columns with ceiling beams and floor beams. Such a unit building is made to correspond to various plans and site shapes mainly by combining building units having different girder sizes as in Patent Document 1 and FIG.
For example, the unit building of FIG. 6 is provided on the deepest site of a narrow road that is a dead end, and is provided on the site facing the road at the southwest corner of the site. The first floor portion of the unit building is configured by arranging three 4-module building units on the west side and three 6-module building units on the east side, with the girder surface 900 mm of the building unit as one module. As for each building unit, the building unit on the northwest side has water facilities such as bathrooms and washbasins, the two building units on the south side have Japanese-style rooms, the building unit on the northeast side has stairs and a kitchen, The two building units on the south side have a living / dining room.
When building such a unit building, a large crane is installed on the road, and the building unit is lifted and installed at a predetermined location.
JP 2004-108101 A

However, in the unit building as shown in Patent Document 1 and FIG. 6, there are the following two problems.
(1) If a building is constructed with a building unit with a small girder width, the number of pillars will increase, making it difficult to construct a large space, or a dead space with a width that overlaps the pillars at the part where the building units are adjacent to each other. The pillars of the building unit, for example, give great constraints on the plan construction.

(2) When the road is narrow and narrow as shown in FIG. 6, a large crane cannot be installed, so that a large weight cannot be lifted. Therefore, it is not possible to provide a building unit having a large girder width that can easily form a large space at a position away from the road.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a unit building that can solve the above-described problems and has less plan restrictions even if it is constructed with a building unit having a small girder width.

The invention described in claim 1 is a unit building configured by arranging a plurality of building units in a box shape by combining columns, ceiling beams, and floor beams, and arranged adjacent to each other. Crossing beams are provided along the longitudinal direction of the gap between the building units generated by the separated arrangement, and the side of the building unit facing the building unit gap is joined to the crossing beam, and the building unit gap , Extending to the upper and lower ends of the upper and lower building units joined to the pillars on the side of the building unit , connecting pillars that are through pillars connecting these are provided at a plurality of locations, and the connecting pillars are substantially the same as the building unit gap width made in width, and said is bonded to the transfer beam, said connecting posts, clamped with the column and high-strength bolts in the building unit disposed placed apart friction generated at this time It is a unit building according to claim forming a composite column by friction bonding to transmit stress by anti.

  Regarding the distance at which adjacent building units are spaced apart, the distance between the module cores of adjacent building units is (integer) times the module (for example, 0.3 m, 0.9 m module, etc.) or (1 / It is preferable that the number is multiplied by an integer) because the modules are arranged as a whole unit building. Furthermore, it is preferable that the distance to be placed apart is approximately 0.1 m to approximately 1.0 mm. This is because if the crossing beam is 0.1 m or less, the crossing beam is close to a plate-like one and the rigidity is increased, and the connecting structure of the building unit and the crossing beam is likely to be difficult. This is because not only the rigidity of the beam in the lateral direction is required to be high.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the unit building is reinforced by the cross beams provided in the building unit gaps, so that the unit building has strong rigidity.
Here, as the joining of the connecting column and the column on the side of the building unit, for example, the joining of the connecting column and the column with a high-strength bolt is used, and friction joining that transmits stress by the frictional resistance generated at that time is used. it can. When this friction welding is used, the flow of stress between the connecting column and the column becomes smooth, and the connecting column and the column become an integrated composite column, so that the cross-sectional strength is improved and the strength of the unit building is improved. Can do.
In addition, it is preferable that the connecting pillar is a through pillar extending from the lower-floor building unit side to the upper-floor building unit side because strength on the upper and lower floors of the unit building and unit building accuracy can be improved. Moreover, it is preferable to join the lower end of the connecting column to the building foundation because the connecting column is stabilized and force can be released to the building foundation.
Furthermore, since the connecting pillar is provided in the gap between the building units and the connecting beam is joined to the connecting pillar, sufficient rigidity is ensured in the gap portion of the building unit. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a unit building having sufficient rigidity even if the pillar of the building unit in the gap between the building units provided with the crossing beams is omitted.

Invention of Claim 2 is the unit building of Claim 1, Comprising: The said unit building is a thing where three or more building units are arrange | positioned in the direction which makes the wives of a building unit adjoin, The wife faces of the unit are placed apart from each other,
Columns other than the pillars facing the outside of the building unit, where the building unit columns facing the building unit gap are provided in the longitudinal direction of the building unit gap and are provided between the pillars facing the outside in the longitudinal direction. Is omitted.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the outdoor pillar other than the pillar facing the building unit Ru is omitted, it is possible to configure the unit building without regard to pillar position of building units adjacent. In addition, there is no dead space having a width in which pillars are overlapped at a portion where building units are adjacent to each other.
Moreover, since the adjacent building units are arranged apart from each other, the gap between the building units can be used for a living room or the like. Therefore, the site of the unit building and the plan response ability can be improved.

  Invention of Claim 3 is a unit building of Claim 1 or Claim 2, Comprising: The girder width of the said building unit is 4 m or less, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, even a small crane can be lifted by using a building unit having a small girder face width such as 4 m or less. If it is a small crane, it can be installed even in a narrow space. Therefore, in a unit building that needs to be installed facing a narrow road with a narrow path as shown in FIG. It can be built even if there is.

Invention of Claim 4 is the unit building in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3, Comprising: The unit building by which the upper floor building unit was mounted above the lower floor building unit,
The height of the passing beam extends from the ceiling beam of the lower-floor building unit to the floor beam of the upper-floor building unit, and the passing beam is connected to the side of the building unit even in the extending portion. To do.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the height of the bridge beam extends to the floor beam of the upper floor building unit, and the bridge beam is also connected to the connecting pillar at the extended portion. it is possible to improve the cross-sectional intensity of the beam, it is possible to lengthen the longitudinal length of the passing beam, it is possible to increase the pillar omitted portions.

Invention of Claim 5 is the construction method of the unit building in any one of Claim 2 thru | or 4 , Comprising: As a building unit in which the said pillar was abbreviate | omitted, a temporary pillar can be freely attached or detached to a pillar omission part. The temporary column of the column-omitted building unit is provided until the joining of the connecting column and the transfer beam is completed, and the temporary column is removed after the connection of the transfer beam is completed.

  According to the invention described in claim 6, the temporary column provided in the column omission portion of the building unit can prevent the building unit from being deformed at the time of construction, and is handled in the same way as a building unit having a normal column. be able to. And, until the connecting column and the connecting beam are completely joined, the temporary column of the column-omitted building unit is provided, and the temporary column is removed after the joining of the connecting beam is completed, so the strength of the building unit when connecting the connecting beam is reduced. The building strength at the construction stage can be sufficiently secured, and the workability is good.

According to the unit building of the first aspect, since the unit building is reinforced by the cross beams provided in the building unit gap, the unit building has strong rigidity.
Furthermore, since the connecting pillar is provided in the gap between the building units and the connecting beam is joined to the connecting pillar, sufficient rigidity is ensured in the gap portion of the building unit. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a unit building having sufficient rigidity even if the pillar of the building unit in the gap between the building units provided with the crossing beams is omitted.

According to the unit building according to claim 2, since the outdoor pillar other than the pillar facing the building unit Ru is omitted, it is possible to configure the unit building without regard to pillar position of building units adjacent. In addition, there is no dead space having a width in which pillars are overlapped at a portion where building units are adjacent to each other. Moreover, since the adjacent building units are arranged apart from each other, the gap between the building units can be used for a living room or the like. Therefore, the site of the unit building and the plan response ability can be improved.

  According to the unit building of the third aspect, even a small crane can be lifted by using a building unit having a small girder face width such as 4 m or less. If it is a small crane, it can be installed even in a narrow space. Therefore, in a unit building that needs to be installed facing a narrow road with a narrow path as shown in FIG. It can be built even if there is.

According to the unit building of claim 4, the height of the cross beam is extended to the floor beam of the upper floor building unit, and the cross beam is connected to the connecting column even in the extended portion. it is possible to improve the cross-sectional intensity of the passing beam, it is possible to increase the longitudinal length of the passing beam, it is possible to increase the pillar omitted portions.

According to the method for constructing a unit building according to claim 5, the temporary column provided in the column omission part of the building unit can prevent deformation of the building unit at the time of construction, and a building unit having a normal column Can be handled in the same way. And, until the connecting column and the connecting beam are completely joined, the temporary column of the column-omitted building unit is provided, and the temporary column is removed after the joining of the connecting beam is completed, so the strength of the building unit when connecting the connecting beam is reduced. The building strength at the construction stage can be sufficiently secured, and the workability is good.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a unit building according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a unit building according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view of the joint portion between the cross beam and the column-omitted building unit of the embodiment of the unit building of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view of a joint between connecting columns and crossing beams according to an embodiment of the unit building of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view of the connecting portion of the connecting pillar / crossing beam in the embodiment of the unit building of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a building unit / column omitted building unit of the embodiment of the unit building of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the unit building A of the present embodiment is provided on the deepest site of the narrow road L that is a dead end, and is provided on the site facing the road at the southwest corner of the site. Yes. The 1st floor part of this unit building is composed of a 3-unit building unit on the west side, three 3-module building units on the east side, and between the east and west sides. Three 3-module building units are arranged.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, a standard building unit 1 includes four square steel pipe columns 2, four shape steel floor beams 3, and four shape steel ceiling beams 4. A frame structure joined in a box shape. In the building unit 1, the crossed floor beams 4 are connected to the lower ends of the columns 2 by joint pieces 5 at the four corners, and the crossed ceiling beams 3 are bonded to the upper ends of the columns 2 by the joint pieces 5. Configured.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5B, a pillar omitted building unit 10 in which one to four of the four pillars 2a to 2d in FIG. 5A are omitted is used. In FIG. 5B, the column 2c is omitted. In this column omitted building unit 10, a temporary column 6 is detachably provided in a column omitted portion. Further, since the column-omitted building unit 10 is a three-module column-omitted building unit, the girder surface width is about 2.7 m and the wife surface width is about 2.5 m or 1.25 m.

  In the first floor portion of unit building A, a total of three column omitted building units 10E1, 10E2, and 10E3 are arranged in the east side row from the north side, and a total of three column omitted building units 10T1, 10T2, and 10T3 are arranged in the middle row from the north side. A total of three column-omitted building units 10W1, 10W2, and 10W3 are arranged in the west row from the north side, and the column omission portions 7 are arranged to face each other. Further, in the second floor portion of the unit building A, a total of three column omitted building units 10E4, 10E5, 10E6 are arranged in the east side row from the north side, and a total of 3 of the column omitted building units 10T4, 10T5, 10T6 from the north side in the middle row. A total of two column-omitted building units 10W4, 10W5, and 10W6 are arranged in the west row from the north side, and the column omission portions 7 are arranged to face each other. The column omitted building units 10E1 to 10E5, 10T1 to 10T5, and 10W1 to 10W5 have a wife size of approximately 2.5 m, and the column omitted building units 10E6, 10T6, and 10W6 have a wife size of approximately 1.25 m. Has become.

  The north side wall surface of the unit building A has the same wall line on the first and second floors in the height direction, and the north side wall surfaces of the east side row, the middle row, and the west side row are aligned in the horizontal direction. And the building unit arrange | positioned in the position farthest from the road is the pillar omission building units 10E1 and 10E4.

  The unit building A is between the end face of the column omitted building units 10E1 to 10E6 in the east side row and the end face of the column omitted building units 10T1 to 10T6 in the middle row and the end face of the column omitted building units 10T1 to 10T6 in the intermediate row. Are spaced apart from the end faces of the column omitted building units 10W1 to 10W6 in the middle row. The building unit gap 9ET formed between the end faces of the column omitted building units 10E1 to 10E6 in the east side row and the end faces of the column omitted building units 10T1 to 10T6 in the middle row, and the column omitted building units 10T1 to 10T6 in the intermediate row. The connecting columns 11A, 11B, and 11C having substantially the same width as the gap width are provided at locations facing the outside of the building unit gap 9TW generated between the wife face of the middle column and the wife face of the middle row column omitted building units 10W1 to 10W6. , 11D are provided.

The connecting column 11A is a through column, and extends from the lower end of the lower-level column omitting building units 10W1 and 10T1 to the upper end of the upper-level column omitting building units 10W4 and 10T4.
Further, the connecting column 11A is formed by tightening the columns 2W1b and 10E4 of the east side column omitted building unit 10W1 and the columns 2T1a and 10T4 of the column omitted unit 10T1 of the middle row using high strength bolts. The composite column is formed by high-strength bolt frictional joining that transmits stress by the frictional resistance generated at that time.

The connecting column 11B is a through column, and extends from the lower end of the lower-level column omitted building units 10T1 and 10E1 to the upper end of the upper-level column omitted building units 10T4 and 10E4.
Further, the connecting column 11B is formed by tightening the column 2T1b of the column omitted building unit 10T1 of the middle row, the column 2E4b of 10E4, the column 2E1a of the column omitted unit 10E1 of the east side column, and the column 2E4a of 10E4 using high strength bolts. The composite column is formed by high-strength bolt frictional joining that transmits stress by the frictional resistance generated at the time.

The connecting column 11C is a through column, and extends from the lower end of the lower-level column omitted building units 10W3 and 10T3 to the upper end of the upper-level column omitted building units 10W6 and 10T6.
The connecting column 11C is a high transmission member that transmits stress by frictional resistance generated by tightening the column 2W3d of the column omitted building unit 10W3 in the east side column and the column 2T3c of the column omitted unit 10T3 in the middle column using high-strength bolts. Synthetic pillars are formed by force bolt friction welding.

The connecting column 11D is a through column, and extends from the lower end of the lower-level column omitted building units 10T3 and 10E3 to the upper end of the upper-level column omitted building units 10T6 and 10E6.
The connecting column 11D is a high transmission member that transmits stress by frictional resistance generated by tightening the column 2T3d of the column omitting building unit 10T3 in the middle row and the column 2E3c of the column omitting unit 10E3 in the east side column using high strength bolts. Synthetic pillars are formed by force bolt friction welding.

The column bases of the connecting columns 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D are bolted to the foundation.

  In the portion facing the lower ceiling beam 4 and the upper floor beam 3 of the building unit gap 9ET, an H-shaped steel (C-shaped steel) is formed in a direction parallel to the end face of the building unit A, that is, in the longitudinal direction of the building unit gap 9ET. Etc.), and both ends in the longitudinal direction of the cross beam 13ET are bolted to the connecting columns 11A and 11C, respectively. Note that the height of the cross beam 13ET extends from the ceiling beam 4 of the column omitting unit on the lower floor to the floor beam 3 of the column building unit on the upper floor, and the connecting beam 13ET is also a connecting column at the extended portion. 11A is bolted by a bolt 14.

  In the portion facing the lower floor ceiling beam 4 and the upper floor beam 3 of the building unit gap 9TW, an H-section steel (C-section steel) is formed in a direction parallel to the end face of the building unit A, that is, in the longitudinal direction of the building unit gap 9TW. Etc.), and both ends in the longitudinal direction of the cross beam 13TW are bolted to the connecting columns 11B and 11D, respectively. Note that the height of the cross beam 13TW extends from the ceiling beam 4 of the column omitting unit on the lower floor to the floor beam 3 of the column building unit on the upper floor, and the connecting beam 13TW is also a connecting column in the extended portion. 11B is bolted by a bolt 14. Then, the pillar beams 10TW to 10E6 and the end faces of the column-omitted building units 10W1 to 10W6 are connected to the cross beam 13TW by bolts.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 2 (taken as part H in FIG. 1), each of the cross beams 13ET and 13TW includes the respective column omitted building units 10E1 to 10E6, the respective column omitted building units 10T1 to 10T6, and the respective column omitted buildings. Bolts are connected to the end faces of the units 10T1 to 10T6 and the pillar omitted building units 10W1 to 10W6.

As a method of constructing the unit building A, a small crane is installed on the road L of the cul-de-sac facing the site, and the unit is lifted in order from the deepest column-omitted building unit 10E1 and installed at a predetermined position. After that, it is lifted in order from the pillar omitted building unit 10E4 and installed at a predetermined position to construct the upper floor.

  Further, the connecting columns 13ET and 13TW are connected to the columns 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D and the columns omitted building units 10E1 to 10E6, 10T1 to 10T6, and 10W1 to 10W6 until the temporary columns 6 of the column omitted building units are completed. The provisional pillar 6 of each pillar-omitted building unit is removed after the connection of the cross beams 13ET and 13TW is completed.

 The lower part of the unit building A is provided with a bathroom, a washroom, and a toilet using the column omitted building unit 10W1 and the building unit gap 9ET, and the column omitted building units 10W2, 10W3 and the building unit gap 9ET are provided. Japanese-style rooms are provided, staircases are provided using column-omitted building units 10T1, corridors are provided using column-omitted building units 10T2, and entrances are provided using column-omitted building units 10T3. A kitchen is provided using the pillar omitted building unit 10E1 and the building unit gap 9TW, and a living / dining room is provided using the pillar omitted building units 10E2, 10E3 and the building unit gap 9TW.

On the upper floor of the unit building A, a child room is provided using the pillar omitted building units 10W4, 10W5, 10W6 and the building unit gap 9ET, and a staircase is provided using the pillar omitted building unit 10T4. Corridors and toilets are provided using the building unit 10T5, a study is provided using the column-omitted building unit 10T6, a storage is provided using the column-omitted building unit 10E4, and the column-omitted building units 10W5, 10W6 The main bedroom is provided using the building unit gap 9 TW.

According to the present embodiment, the following operational effects can be obtained.
A connecting column is provided in the gap between the building units, a connecting beam is provided between the connecting columns, and the connecting columns are joined to the opposing columns, so that sufficient rigidity is secured in the gap portion of the building unit. The Therefore, it is possible to obtain a unit building having sufficient rigidity even if the building unit face column in the gap between the building units provided with the cross beams is omitted.

Further, since the outdoor pillar other than the pillar facing the building unit Ru is omitted, it is possible to configure the unit building without regard to pillar position of building units adjacent. Moreover, since the adjacent building units are arranged apart from each other, the gap between the building units can be used for a living room or the like. Therefore, the site of the unit building and the plan response ability can be improved.

  In addition, the unit building B of FIG. 6 is composed of a building unit having a girder face 4 module and a girder face 6 module, but can be constructed by using a column omission unit having a girder face 3 module. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the small crane K is installed on the narrow road L with the narrow path, and the column omitting units 10E1 and 10E4, which are the farthest building units, are lifted and installed at predetermined positions.

In addition, since the joining of the connecting column and the end face column is frictionally joined, the flow of stress between the joined connecting column and the end face column becomes smooth, and the connecting column and the end face column are integrated into a column shape. Therefore, the cross-sectional strength is improved and the strength of the unit building can be improved.

  Moreover, since it is the through pillar extended from the lower-floor building unit side to the upper-floor building unit side, the strength on the upper and lower floors of the unit building and the building accuracy of the unit building can be improved. In addition, since the height of the crossing beam extends to the floor beam of the upper floor building unit, and the crossing beam is connected to the connecting column at the extended portion, the cross-sectional strength of the crossing beam is improved. Since the length of the crossing beam in the longitudinal direction can be increased, the number of columns omitted can be increased.

  Moreover, the temporary column provided in the column omission part of the building unit can prevent deformation of the building unit at the time of construction, and can be handled in the same manner as a building unit having a normal column. And, until the connecting column and the connecting beam are completely joined, the temporary column of the column-omitted building unit is provided, and the temporary column is removed after the joining of the connecting beam is completed, so the strength of the building unit when connecting the connecting beam is reduced. The building strength at the construction stage can be sufficiently secured, and the workability is good.

  In this embodiment, the connecting pillars 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D are provided in the building unit gaps 9ET and 9TW. However, the unit building A may be configured without providing the connecting pillars 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D.

  In the present embodiment, all the pillars other than the pillars facing the outside of the building unit are omitted. However, the pillars not facing the outdoors of the building unit may not be omitted.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that design changes within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention are included in the present invention. is there.

  Even if it is constructed with a building unit with a small girder width, it is effective as a unit building with less plan restrictions.

It is a top view of the Example of the unit building of this invention. It is plane | planar explanatory drawing of the junction part of the cross beam and pillar omission building unit in the H section of the Example of the unit building of this invention. It is standing sectional explanatory drawing of the junction part of a connecting pillar and a crossing beam in the I section of the Example of the unit building of this invention. It is plane | planar explanatory drawing of the junction part of a connecting pillar and a bridge beam in the I section of the Example of the unit building of this invention. It is a perspective view of the building unit and the pillar omitted building unit of the embodiment of the unit building of the present invention. It is a top view of the conventional unit building.

Explanation of symbols

A Unit Building K Small Crane L Road 1 Building Unit 2 Column 3 Floor Beam 4 Ceiling Beam 5 Joint Piece 6 Temporary Column 7 Column Omission 8 Auxiliary Column 9 Building Unit Gap 10 Column Omission Building Unit 11 Connecting Column 12 Composite Column 13 Crossing Beam 14 Bolt 15 Mounting plate

Claims (5)

A unit building composed of a plurality of box-shaped building units that are combined with columns, ceiling beams, and floor beams, arranged vertically and horizontally. Adjacent building units are separated from each other. A crossing beam is provided along the longitudinal direction of the gap between the building units generated by the building unit side surface facing the building unit gap is joined to the crossing beam,
Extending to the upper and lower ends of the upper and lower building units joined with the pillars on the side of the building unit in the gap between the building units , connecting pillars that are through pillars connecting these are provided at a plurality of locations, and the connecting pillars are the building units. It is made substantially the same width as the gap width, and is joined to the crossing beam ,
The connecting column forms a composite column by friction bonding that transmits stress by a frictional resistance generated by tightening the column of the building unit placed apart and using a high-strength bolt. Unit building. The unit building is one in which three or more building units are arranged in a direction in which the wife faces of the building units are adjacent to each other, and the wife faces of the building units are arranged apart from each other.
Columns other than the pillars facing the outside of the building unit, where the building unit columns facing the building unit gap are provided in the longitudinal direction of the building unit gap and are provided between the pillars facing the outside in the longitudinal direction. The unit building according to claim 1, wherein is omitted.   The unit building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a girder face width of the building unit is 4 m or less. A unit building in which an upper floor building unit is mounted above a lower floor building unit,
The height of the passing beam extends from the ceiling beam of the lower-floor building unit to the floor beam of the upper-floor building unit, and the passing beam is connected to the side of the building unit even in the extending portion. The unit building according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   As the building unit from which the column is omitted, a column-omitted building unit in which the temporary column can be freely attached to and detached from the column-omitted portion is used. The method for constructing a unit building according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the temporary pillar is removed after the joining of the connecting beams is completed.

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