JP5017196B2 - Triangular heating pattern, heating path generation system and method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a triangular heating pattern and heating path generation system and method, and more specifically, the triangular heating pattern and heating path generation when hot-working the curved surface shape of a hull outer plate are quantified. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a triangular heating pattern, a heating path generation system, and a method thereof that can automate triangular heating by making an algorithm.

  Generally, the outer skin of a ship, especially the curved outer skin, is a three-dimensional curved surface designed based on engineering techniques such as fluid dynamics, structural dynamics, and vibration, and is manufactured by processing an iron plate of a predetermined thickness. The The processing accuracy of the curved skin affects the overall performance of the ship. The processing of the three-dimensional shape of a ship's outer plate is broadly divided into mechanical cold processing using a press or roller, and hot processing using residual thermal elastic-plastic deformation by applying heat to a steel plate with a gas torch. It is done. For the convenience of control, mechanical cold working is mainly used for the curved surface processing of a gentle and simple outer plate having a certain curvature only in one direction and the primary processing of a double curved outer plate. Hot working is mainly used for finishing work, secondary working of double-curved outer plates, removal of welding deformation, and the like, and is a difficult work mainly performed by experts over 10 years.

  The curved outer plate of a ship is roughly classified into a concave type (Gauss curvature> 0), a saddle type (Gauss curvature <0), and a cylinder type (Gauss curvature = 0) according to the Gaussian curvature of the curved surface. In addition, the concave type is divided into a pure concave type and a twist (distortion) type, and in most shipbuilding industries, the hot working method is changed according to such curved surface shape, and the final is done by manual heating by the operator. The shape is produced.

  Such a conventional hot working method is roughly divided into a linear heating method and a triangular heating method.

  When the linear heating method is applied to the processing of the outer skin of a hull, the surface of the steel sheet is heated in a straight line or an arbitrary curved line with gas as the main heat source, and then cooled, generating bending in the plate. It is a method to make it. The principle of generating bending by the linear heating method is as follows.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the locally heated portion expands as the temperature rises, and thermal stress is generated inside the metal material. The distribution of the generated thermal stress is the largest in the heated part and decreases as the distance from the heating part increases. On the other hand, the heat source moves linearly at a specific speed, and heat conduction from the heating part to the periphery of both sides is insufficient, so that the periphery of both sides of the heating part maintains a relatively low temperature state. Therefore, the expansion deformation of the left and right and lower portions of the heating unit is restricted, and only the upper portion expands to generate compressive plastic deformation. At this time, it is assumed that there is almost no change in the thickness of the material. When the heat source is far away from the heating part and enters the cooling process, a contraction force is generated due to the generated compressive plastic deformation, and an angular deformation occurs due to the contraction force. As described above, the linear heating method can easily perform manual heating by an operator and automatic heating by an automation device as long as a simple linear heating position is determined.

  On the other hand, the triangular heating method, also known as the partial heating method, is a method of inducing shrinkage by locally heating the edge of the steel sheet and then cooling it. In this method, by cooling, heat is prevented from being transferred to other parts, and local in-plane contraction is induced. This is called the triangular heating method because the heating surface is close to a triangle. The principle of contraction deformation by the triangular heating method is as follows.

  If the movement of the heat source is made very slow or if it is heated in the form of drawing a small circle, heat penetrates in the thickness direction of the plate and the temperature difference in the thickness direction becomes small. As a result, unlike the linear heating method, as shown in FIG. 2, both the front surface and the back surface expand outward. The expanded portion does not return to its original state because plastic deformation occurs during the cooling process, but contraction occurs in the width direction of the plate in other portions.

  Thus, in the case of the triangular heating method, a large amount of heat must be sufficiently permeated and transmitted in a certain region and thickness direction of the steel material for the purpose of shrinkage. Therefore, if the adjustment of the input amount of the heat source fails, it is a difficult work that can cause a melting phenomenon of the surface, and nothing other than know-how related to manual heating by the field worker is known at all.

  The triangular heating manually performed by the field worker has the shapes of a, b, and c as shown in FIG. In order to induce shrinkage by heating in such a shape, it has a heating pattern and a heating path of A, B, and C as shown in FIG. 4, and most of C has a sufficient amount of heat input. Triangular heating with a weaving effect is performed manually.

  However, the triangular heating as described above has a complicated heating operation, and it is difficult to grasp its characteristics. For this reason, no related research has been carried out, and furthermore, no attempt has been made to develop a numerical method and algorithm for generating a heating pattern and a heating path for an automatic system for triangular heating work.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to digitize and generate a triangular heating pattern and heating path generation pattern when hot-working the curved shape of the hull skin. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a heating pattern and a heating path generation system for triangular heating, and a method thereof.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heating pattern and heating path generation method for triangular heating, the step of calculating the movement coordinates of the center of the heat source and storing it in the memory of the storage device, and the memory of the storage device The method includes a step of determining a heating order using the coordinate values stored in, and a step of setting rotational heating of the heat source according to heat source characteristic information stored in a database for each heat source.

  According to the triangular heating pattern and heating path generation system and method therefor according to the present invention, it is possible to automate triangular heating when hot-working the curved surface shape of the hull outer plate.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a triangular heating pattern and a heating path generation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the heating system and the heating path generation system for triangular heating according to the present invention include an input device 100 to which coordinates corresponding to a triangular shape are input in order to determine a triangular heating shape and its position, A heat source characteristic DB 200 in which information on heat source characteristics such as a heat source radius, a rotation speed, and the number of rotations is made into a database, an arithmetic device 300 that performs calculation by programming the developed algorithm, and calculated heating pattern and heating path data Are stored in a file format defined by the developer, and an output device unit 700 that outputs and displays them. The output device unit 700 includes a printer and an LCD. In addition, a control system 500 and an automatic heating device 600 are connected to the storage device 400 via a network. The control system 500 controls the automated heating device 600 to perform triangular heating.

  The arithmetic device 300 performs an arithmetic operation based on the input value and the heat source characteristic information provided from the input device 100 and the heat source characteristic DB 200, respectively, quantifies the heating pattern and the generation of the heating path, and sets the heating coordinate automation device control variable. Provided to the automated heating device 600.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the method of generating the heating pattern and the heating path of the triangular heating according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the heating pattern and heating path generation method of the triangular heating according to the present invention sets a step S100 for calculating the movement coordinates of the center of the heat source, a step S200 for determining the heating order, and the rotation of the heat source. And step S300.

  The step S100 for calculating the movement coordinates of the heat source center will be described.

  First, coordinate values of X, Y, and Z are provided to the three vertices of the triangle according to the determined heating position and the triangular shape (S110).

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7, midpoints (Xa, Ya, Za) to (Xc, Yc, Zc) of line segments between the vertices are calculated (S120). Then, as shown in FIG. 8, internal dividing points (X1c, Y1c, Z1c) to (X3a, Y3a, Z3a) that divide the line segments connecting the calculated midpoints into 1: (N-1) equal parts. And a new triangular shape is formed inside (S130). The value of N is a quotient obtained by dividing the distance between the apex and the midpoint by EL (EL: effective distance of heat source used for processing or radius of heat source). EL is appropriately adjusted according to the heat source.

  Next, using the calculated internal dividing points (X1c, Y1c, Z1c) to (X3a, Y3a, Z3a), N1 between (X1c, Y1c, Z1c) to (X2b, Y2b, Z2b), N2 between (X1c, Y1c, Z1c) to (X3a, Y3a, Z3a) and N3 between (X2b, Y2b, Z2b) to (X3a, Y3a, Z3a) are calculated (S140). N1 to N3 are quotients obtained by dividing the distance between the vertices of the new triangle by EL.

  Then, (X1c, Y1c, Z1c) to (X2b, Y2b, Z2b) and (X1c, Y1c, Z1c) to (X3a, Y3a, Z3a) are equally divided into N equal to N1 and N2, and (X2b , Y2b, Z2b) to (X3a, Y3a, Z3a) are divided into N equal parts by N3 (S150).

  Next, in order to make it easier to determine the heating direction and the heating order when generating the heating path, as shown in FIG. 9, the dividing points of each side are divided into RM1, RMe, and BM (lower side) (S160). M sequentially increases such as 2, 3, 4, 5, and so on.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 10, N equal dividing points of line segments connecting the equal dividing points RM1 and RMe generated on the two sides excluding the lower side are calculated (S170). N is a quotient obtained by dividing the distance connecting RM1 and RMe by EL.

  Finally, an index is assigned to each of the calculated RM1 and RMe halves, and the X, Y, and Z coordinate values of the halves generated in the above-described calculation stage are stored in the memory of the storage device 400 using an array. As shown in FIG. 11, it is stored (S180).

  In step S200 for determining the heating order following step S100, the coordinate values stored in the memory of the storage device 400 are arranged in the order of arrangement (1, 1) → (2, 1) → (2, 2) → (3. 1) Receive the order of heating at →. When it is desired to change the heating direction, the arrangement order is rearranged.

  In step S300 of setting the rotation of the heat source subsequent to step S200, the rotation of the heat source is set according to the information provided from the heat source characteristic DB 200. Since the position of each coordinate generated in step S100 corresponds to the coordinate to which the heat source center should move, when the heat source moves to each coordinate, the heat source is rotated to realize the weaving effect.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the amount of heat applied to the steel material can be controlled by the rotation speed and the number of rotations. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent an excessive amount of heat from being applied to the steel material and a melting phenomenon to occur on the surface of the steel material. Moreover, the heat source radius based on the movement center point of the heat source can be changed according to the size of the heat source. The heat source radius is stored in the heat source characteristic DB 200 in a database.

  On the other hand, in terms of the heating efficiency, an equalizing method is selected in consideration of the heat source radius as shown in FIG. 13 in order to realize the superimposed heating effect of the heat source when generating the movement coordinates of each heat source. This equalization method can be combined with rotational heating to allow the input of heat that can sufficiently cause shrinkage deformation, and can achieve the same heating effect as a method by an actual worker's manual operation.

  With the triangular heating pattern and heating path generation system of the present invention and the heat source movement coordinates and rotational heating generated by the method, it is possible to automatically perform the triangular heating operation for the target position and shape. become.

  An example in which the system and method according to the present invention are actually applied will be described. FIG. 14 shows a steel plate of 400 * 500 * 29 mm (horizontal * vertical * thickness) generated using the heating pattern and heating path generation system of the triangular heating of the present invention, 258 * 254 mm (bottom side * height). The heating pattern and the heating path for triangular heating with the size of are shown. At this time, the heat source characteristic DB 200 used information on the heat source of the high frequency induction heating, the diameter of the heat source was set to 50 mm, and the heating pattern and the heating path were automatically calculated. Each circle in FIG. 14 indicates a region heated by high-frequency induction heating, and the center point of each circle is a movement coordinate of the center of the heat source determined by the triangular heating pattern and heating path generation system of the present invention. . The number of rotations was determined in consideration of the thickness of the steel material of 29 mm by utilizing the heat source characteristic DB 200 so that the overall heating region overlapped.

  Table 1 below shows the movement coordinate values at each position of the generated heat source, and FIG. 15 shows the actual control file for the triangular heating control system stored in the storage device 400 using the coordinate values of Table 1 described above. An example of the data is shown.

  As described above, the triangular heating pattern and heating path generation system and method according to the present invention can convert the characteristics of the heat source into a DB, and not only a gas heat source but also high-frequency induction heating that is expected to be used in the future. It can be applied as a DB through experiments and finite element analysis so that the characteristics of the heat source and the like can be grasped and used to generate a heating pattern and a heating path. As can be confirmed from FIG. 14, such a feature generates a heating pattern so that a part of the region deviated from the end of the object to be heated also becomes a heating region. This is because the algorithm of the present invention is configured to accurately reflect the characteristics of the heat source of the high frequency induction heating so that the heating is performed according to the target triangular heating shape.

  The present invention can realize various patterns of triangular heating through its application. That is, the change of the heat source movement coordinate value using an appropriate EL value in the above-described calculation process, the change of the heating order through the change of the order of the heat source movement coordinate value stored in the array form in the memory of the storage device 400, Various forms of triangular heating patterns and heating paths can be generated by setting movement between coordinates in a form other than rotational heating in coordinates. As a result, various heating patterns and heating paths can be realized according to the heat source and heating pattern used in the automated hot working system. For example, the heating pattern of FIG. 4A can be realized by generating heat source movement coordinates by reducing the EL value, performing the heating operation on the generated heat source movement coordinates according to a specific order, and simply moving. Also, the heating pattern B in FIG. 4 is realized by reducing the EL value to generate the heat source movement coordinates and setting the order of the coordinates stored in the array form from the apex of the triangle to the lower side. Can do. Further, the heating pattern C in FIG. 4 can be realized by the actual application example described above.

  As yet another example, a triangular heating pattern having an arbitrary shape as shown in FIG. 16 can be generated.

  In the above, one embodiment for carrying out the heating pattern and heating path generation system and method of triangular heating according to the present invention has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention, and they also belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

It is a figure which shows the process of the bending deformation at the time of linear heating. It is a figure which shows the process of the shrink deformation at the time of triangular heating. It is an illustration figure of the heating shape of triangular heating. It is an illustration figure of a triangular heating pattern and a heating path. 1 is a configuration diagram of a heating system for triangular heating and a system for generating a heating path according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the production | generation method of the heating pattern and heating path | route of the system of this invention. It is an illustration figure explaining the midpoint calculation of three sides. It is an illustration figure explaining calculation of a 1: (N-1) equally dividing point of a vertex and a corresponding edge. It is an illustration figure explaining calculation of the N equally dividing point of the newly defined edge. It is an illustration figure explaining the equally-divided point finally produced | generated by the movement coordinate of the heat source center. It is the arrangement | sequence storage figure of the movement coordinate of the produced | generated heat source center. It is a figure which shows the weaving effect by the rotation heating of a heat source. It is a figure which shows the superimposition of a heating area | region. It is a figure which shows the heating pattern and heating path which actually applied the system of this invention. It is a figure which shows the heating path file data of the triangular heating calculated and stored by the system of this invention. It is the output screen which output the heating pattern of the triangle of the arbitrary shape produced | generated by the system of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

100 input device 200 heat source characteristic DB
300 arithmetic device 400 storage device 500 control system 600 automated heating device 700 output device

Claims (5)

A method of generating a heating pattern and a heating path of triangular heating,
Calculating the moving coordinates of the center of the heat source and storing them in the memory of the storage device;
Determining a heating sequence using coordinate values stored in a memory of the storage device;
Look including a step of setting the rotation heating of the heat source in accordance with the database has been heat source characteristic information by a heat source,
Calculating / storing the moving coordinates of the heat source center;
Providing three-dimensional coordinate values for the three vertices of the triangle according to the determined heating position and the triangle shape;
Calculating midpoints Ma, Mb, Mc of each side of the triangle;
Calculating midpoints Ma, Mb, Mc of line segments between vertices;
In order to appropriately adjust the effective distance of the heat source used for processing or the radius EL of the heat source according to the heat source, a line segment connecting each vertex of the triangle and the midpoint of the opposite side is 1: (N-1) or the like. In the step of calculating the coordinates of the internal dividing points c1, b2, and a3 to be divided, N is a quotient obtained by dividing the length of the line segment connecting each vertex and the midpoint of the opposite side by the radius EL of the heat source. And that stage
Using the calculated internal dividing points c1, b2, and a3, N1 between c1 and b2 and N2 between c1 and a3 are obtained by dividing the distance between the internal dividing points by the radius EL of the heat source. And calculating N3 between b2 and a3;
The line segment connecting c1 and b2 and the line segment connecting c1 and a3 are equally divided by a larger value of N1 and N2, respectively, and the line segment connecting b2 and a3 is equally divided by N3. Calculating the coordinates of each equivalence point;
In order to determine the heating direction and the heating order when generating the heating path, M is defined as a plurality of equal dividing points connecting the lines c1 and b2 and a plurality of dividing points connecting the lines c1 and a3. RM1 and RMe are indexed as integers that increase sequentially from the nearest from c1 with a minimum value of 2, and a plurality of equal dividing points connecting b2 and a3 are respectively set, and M is close to b3 with a minimum value of 2. Assigning BM and index as integers increasing sequentially from
For each of the line segments connecting the equal segment points RM1 of the line segment connecting c1 and b2 and the line segments connecting the equal segment points RMe of the line segment connecting c1 and a3 are equal to each other. Calculating the coordinates of the K equivalence points, where K is the quotient obtained by dividing the length of each line segment by the radius EL of the heat source;
Each of the calculated RM1 and RMe having the same value of M is assigned an index to each of the K bisectors connecting the line segments, and the generated three-dimensional coordinate values of the K bisectors are stored in the storage device. Storing in memory in array form;
A method comprising the steps of : The method of claim 1, comprising:
A method of selecting an equalizing method in consideration of a heat source radius in order to realize a superimposed heating effect of the heat source when generating the movement coordinates of each heat source. The method of claim 1, comprising:
In the step of calculating / storing the movement coordinates of the center of the heat source and the heating sequence determination step, the coordinates are calculated so that the heating operation is performed up to the end of the workpiece according to the heat source of the heat source characteristic information, and the heating path is determined. A method characterized by that. A heating system and a heating path generation system for triangular heating,
An input device for receiving input of coordinates corresponding to a triangular shape in order to determine the shape and position of the triangular heating;
A heat source characteristic DB in which heat source characteristic information such as a heat source radius, a rotation speed, and the number of rotations is databased for each heat source;
An arithmetic unit for generating triangular heating pattern and path data;
A storage device for storing the data in a preset file format;
An automated heating device that performs triangular heating;
A control system for controlling the automated heating device to perform triangular heating based on data stored in the storage device ,
The arithmetic unit is
Means for providing three-dimensional coordinate values to the three vertices of the triangle according to the determined heating position and the triangle shape;
Means for calculating midpoints Ma, Mb, Mc of each side of the triangle;
Means for calculating midpoints Ma, Mb, Mc of line segments between the vertices;
In order to appropriately adjust the effective distance of the heat source used for processing or the radius EL of the heat source according to the heat source, a line segment connecting each vertex of the triangle and the midpoint of the opposite side is 1: (N-1) or the like. N is a quotient obtained by dividing the length of a line segment connecting each vertex and the midpoint of the opposite side by the radius EL of the heat source. The means,
Using the calculated internal dividing points c1, b2, and a3, N1 between c1 and b2 and N2 between c1 and a3 are obtained by dividing the distance between the internal dividing points by the radius EL of the heat source. And means for calculating N3 between b2 and a3;
A line segment connecting c1 and b2 and a line segment connecting c1 and a3 are equally divided by a larger value of N1 and N2, respectively, and a line segment connecting b2 and a3 is equally divided by N3, Means for calculating the coordinates of the equivalence points;
In order to determine the heating direction and the heating order when generating the heating path, M is defined as a plurality of equal dividing points connecting the lines c1 and b2 and a plurality of dividing points connecting the lines c1 and a3. RM1 and RMe are indexed as integers that increase sequentially from the nearest from c1 with a minimum value of 2, and a plurality of equal dividing points connecting b2 and a3 are respectively set, and M is close to b3 with a minimum value of 2. Means for assigning BM and index as integers increasing sequentially from
For each of the line segments connecting the equal segment points RM1 of the line segment connecting c1 and b2 and the line segments connecting the equal segment points RMe of the line segment connecting c1 and a3 are equal to each other. Means for calculating each coordinate of the K equivalence point, where K is a quotient obtained by dividing the length of each line segment by the radius EL of the heat source;
Each of the calculated RM1 and RMe having the same value of M is assigned an index to each of the K bisectors connecting the line segments, and the generated three-dimensional coordinate values of the K bisectors are stored in the storage device. Means for storing in an array form in a memory,
Thereby, the calculation based on the input value and the heat source characteristic information respectively provided from the input device and the heat source characteristic DB is performed, the generation of the heating pattern and the heating path is quantified, and the automation control variable including the generated heating coordinates is obtained. A generation system characterized by being provided to the automated heating device . The generation system according to claim 4 ,
The generation system, wherein the heat source is a heat source for high frequency induction heating.

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