JP5014511B2 - Switch operating device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an operating device for a switch used in a substation, a power plant, etc., and particularly stores a driving force from a driving mechanism in an energy storage spring, and releases the stored energy storage spring. The present invention relates to a spring-operated switch operating device that uses force to open and close a contact of a switch at high speed.

  Conventionally, various proposals have been made regarding an operating device that opens and closes a contact of a switch at a high speed using the releasing force of such an accumulator spring. For example, a proposal has been made to increase the output without causing any harmful effects by using a spiral spring as a spring and connecting two or more spiral springs to the same screw shaft (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In addition, in a switch equipped with a manually operated shaft that can be operated manually, when high speed is required for only one operation on the open side and the close side, the rotary main shaft is rotated to open and close the switch contacts. An operation has been proposed in which either one of the operations is performed and at the same time the energy storage spring is stored (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  Furthermore, with regard to the disconnector, it has been proposed to have the following configuration for the purpose of reducing the required operating force for closing and opening. That is, the link is connected to the tip of the link fixed to the lever shaft with a pin, and the roller is attached to the tip of the link via the pin. In addition, a groove for guiding the roller in parallel with the axis of the insulating operation rod is provided for the operation mechanism on the low pressure chamber side of the flange to which the disconnector is attached. The lever shaft is provided with a lever, a link, and a lever. The camshaft is connected, and the head of the guide cylinder is connected to the tip of the camshaft lever via a pin. And it has been proposed that a compression coil spring serving as a toggle spring is inserted into the guide tube (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

JP 2002-150898 A JP 2001-250458 A JP-A-9-161621

  However, the conventional operating devices have the following problems, respectively. For example, the thing of patent document 1 uses the worm gear for a speed-reduction mechanism, and has a subject that a rotating shaft is mutually orthogonally crossed and transmission efficiency is inferior, and a structure becomes complicated. Moreover, the thing of the patent document 2 is a structure which is not suitable when the one-way clutch is provided in the switch body side, and high speed operation is requested | required by both the open circuit side and a closed circuit side, and the structure is It has the problem of becoming complicated. Further, in Patent Document 3, the link structure for reducing the required operating force is directly connected to the switch body via a roller, so that the structure becomes complicated and the structure of the switch body changes, The link structure for reducing the required operating force also needs to be reviewed accordingly, and is not suitable for standardization.

  On the other hand, in a spring-operated switch that opens and closes contacts using the stored spring force of the stored spring, the maximum torque is applied when a movable contact that requires the largest load is applied. It is ideal to generate and it is desired to realize this with a simple structure.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain an operating device for a switch that can reduce the number of parts used when viewed in the entire substation and power plant.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, an operating device for a switch according to the present invention is an operating device for a switch that opens and closes a contact of a switch using a stored spring releasing force. One energy storage spring, a drive mechanism that generates a drive force, and an output transmission that stores the drive force in the energy storage spring and transmits the energy release force of the energy storage spring to the switch body via an output shaft And a drive handle that converts a manual operation force into the drive force, a drive operation shaft to which the manual handle is attached, and a one-way clutch that rotates the manual handle in only one direction. The drive operating shaft is characterized in that mounting portions for the manual handle are detachably provided at both ends so that rotational force in the opposite direction can be applied.

  According to this invention, the drive mechanism includes a manual handle that converts manual operation force into drive force, a drive operation shaft to which the manual handle is mounted, and a one-way clutch that rotates the manual handle in only one direction. Have. The drive operation shaft is provided with detachable manual handle attachments at both ends so that rotational force in the opposite direction can be applied. For example, the drive operation shaft can be connected to a plurality of switches such as a substation or a power plant. If only one drive mechanism is attached, the function can be achieved, and the number of parts used can be reduced when viewed in the entire substation and power plant.

1 is a schematic diagram showing an open circuit state of a switch according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1 showing the speed reduction mechanism of the operating device. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the energy storage spring of the operating device is in the middle of energy storage. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the switch is displaced from the open circuit state to the closed circuit state. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the switch is in a fully closed position.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a switch operating device according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a schematic diagram showing an open circuit state of a switch according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1 showing the structure of the speed reduction mechanism of the operating device. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the energy storage spring of the operating device is in the middle of energy storage. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing how the switch is displaced from the open circuit state to the closed circuit state. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the switch is in a fully closed position. In FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5, the alternate long and short dash line that associates the axis and the alternate long and short dash line that associates the pin with the pin indicates that the associated two are the same.

  1 and 3 to 5, the switch according to the present embodiment includes a switch main body 80 (the switch main body 80 shows only a main part) and an operating device 70 thereof. The operating device 70 includes two drive mechanisms 10 and 20 that generate a drive force (rotational force), a speed reduction mechanism 30 that decelerates the drive force, an energy storage mechanism 50 that stores the drive force, and an energy storage mechanism 50. And an output transmission mechanism 40 that drives the switch body 80 by transmitting the releasing force of the energy storage mechanism 50 to the switch body 80.

  A manual drive unit 10 as a first drive mechanism is a part surrounded by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1, and a portable manual handle 11 that is detachably provided and a drive to which the manual handle 11 is coupled. And an operation shaft 12. As described above, the alternate long and short dash line that associates the shafts with each other in FIG. 1 indicates that they are the same, and the manual handle 11 and the drive operation shaft 12 are actually connected to a reduction gear train 30 described later. It is arranged vertically, that is, perpendicular to the paper surface.

  The driving operation shaft 12 has a first mounting portion 12a and a second mounting portion 12b formed at both ends as mounting ports to which the manual handle 11 is mounted. The manual handle 11 selects one of the first mounting portion 12 a and the second mounting portion 12 b and is mounted thereon, and the other mounting portion is connected to the speed reduction mechanism 30.

  The drive operation shaft 12 is further provided with a one-way clutch 13 and a detent 14. The one-way clutch 13 transmits the driving force only in one direction to prevent the mechanism from being rewound by a releasing force of an accumulating spring 53 described later (suppression of rotational reaction force during manual operation). With this structure, the one-way clutch 13 can be adapted to manual operation in both directions of the opening and closing operations of the switch. Since it is sufficient that only one manual drive unit 10 is normally attached to a plurality of switch bodies 80 installed in substations, power plants, etc., the one-way clutch 13 is different from the conventional one. In contrast, the number of parts used is reduced when viewed from the substation or the entire power plant.

  The electric drive unit 20 that is the second drive mechanism includes an electric motor 21 that is directly connected to the drive operation shaft 12. Similar to the manual drive unit 10 described above, the electric motor 21 is actually arranged so that its rotational axis is perpendicular to the reduction gear train 30, that is, perpendicular to the paper surface. A control circuit for a drive circuit 22 and a braking circuit 23 is connected to the electric motor 21. The drive circuit 22 drives the electric motor 21 to convert electric power into driving force (rotational force). The braking circuit 23 brakes inertial rotation of the electric drive unit 20 and the speed reduction mechanism 30 by generating a deterring force on the rotating shaft of the electric motor 21 after releasing an accumulating spring 53 described later. As described above, the two driving mechanisms 10 and 20 generate a driving force (rotational force) by taking in a manual operation force from the outside or driving the electric motor 21.

  The drive operation shaft 12 is connected to a first gear 31 of a speed reduction mechanism 30 formed of a speed reduction gear train. The reduction gear train 30 includes a first gear 31, a second gear 32, a third gear 33, and a fourth gear 34 that are sequentially meshed. The four gears are a first reduction gear train of the first gear 31 (small gear) and the second gear 32 (large gear), the third gear 33 (small gear) and the fourth gear 34 (large gear). And constitutes a second pair of reduction gear trains. In the present embodiment, the first gear 31 of the first gear train is arranged on the output shaft 45 side described later with respect to the second gear train to reduce the space. The one-way clutch 13 exhibits an effective action when combined with a reduction gear train 30 configured with a spur gear having a simple configuration and good transmission efficiency, as in the present embodiment.

  The reduction gear train 30 is composed entirely of spur gears and decelerates the input driving force (rotational force) at a predetermined ratio. The fourth gear 34 that is the output side gear is pivotally supported by the main shaft 35. A cutout 34 a is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the fourth gear 34 by a predetermined arc. A connection pin 51 to be described later is engaged with the notch 34a. As described above, in the present embodiment, the notch 34a is provided in the output side gear (fourth gear 34) of the reduction gear train 30 so that the number of parts can be reduced by serving as an energy storage lever. Further, the diameter of the fourth gear 34 gear is determined so that the reduction gear ratio is such that the operation rotation angle of the fourth gear 34 also serving as the energy storage lever is less than one rotation. In this way, the notch 34a is provided in an angle range that does not engage with the gear of the output transmission mechanism 40, thereby realizing an energy storage lever having a large turning radius. With such a structure, a large output torque can be obtained. Alternatively, if the output torque is the same, the spring load, the capacity of the motor or the manual operation torque can be reduced.

  Although the drive operation shaft 12 of the present embodiment is connected to the first gear 31, the drive operation shaft 12 is not necessarily connected to the first gear 31, and is optimal in consideration of the balance between the manual operation torque and the rotational speed. It may be connected to a simple gear shaft. Further, the speed reduction mechanism 30 of the present embodiment is constituted by a gear train, but it is not necessarily a gear train, and may be slowed down by being connected by a chain or a belt. It is also possible to consolidate the reduction gear train in the gear head of the electric motor, which is effective in reducing the number of parts and saving space.

  In addition to the fourth gear 34 and the fourth gear 34, the main shaft 35 further supports a spring lever 41 and a release lever 42 of the output transmission mechanism 40. A spring rod 52 of the energy storage mechanism 50 is coupled to the tip of the spring lever 41 via a connection pin 51. The discharge lever 42 is formed with an arc-shaped long hole 42a. The connection pin 51 at the tip of the spring rod 52 is engaged with the elongated hole 42a of the release lever 42 and the notch 34a of the fourth gear 34 is engaged. The angle range of the notch 34a and the long hole 42a is the output shaft operating angle or a size obtained by adding a play angle thereto, and is generally less than 180 °. As shown in FIG. 2, the fourth gear 34, the spring lever 41, and the release lever 42 that are pivotally supported by the main shaft 35 are supported by a bearing 36 and a thrust bearing 37, and can be independently rotated. The fourth gear 34 having the notch 34a and the release lever 42 having the long hole 42a are disposed so as to face each other with the spring rod 52 interposed therebetween in order to improve the load balance.

  An accumulating spring 53 that constitutes an accumulating mechanism 50 is coupled to the connection pin 51 that engages with the elongated hole 42 a of the releasing lever 42. The accumulator spring 53 is coupled to the connection pin 51 via a spring rod 52 extending from one end along the axis. On the other hand, the other end of the energy storage spring 53 is supported by the rotating shaft 54, and the energy storage spring 53 can be tilted. With such a configuration, the energy storage spring 53 is compressed in the axial direction during energy storage. The energy storage spring 53 of the present embodiment is a coil spring, but is not limited to a coil spring, and may be a disc spring or a leaf spring.

  One end of a link 43 is connected to the release lever 42 by a first connecting pin 46. On the other hand, the transmission lever 44 is integrally fixed to the output shaft 45 and rotates around the output shaft 45 as a rotation center. The other end of the link 43 is connected to the tip of the transmission lever 44 by a second connecting pin 47. The drive force (release force) stored in the energy storage spring 53 is transmitted in the order of the release lever 42, the link 43, and the transmission lever 44, and is opened and closed via an output lever 81 that is integrally fixed to the output shaft 45. Is output to the main body 80. The output urging force of the accumulator spring 53 is transmitted to the movable contact 83 via the output lever 81 and the output link 82 of the switch body 80, and the movable contact 83 is inserted into the fixed contact 84 to switch the switch. The main body 80 is closed. Further, a relaxation device (not shown) is connected to the output shaft 45, and smooth deceleration control of the switch body 80 is performed in the end region of the opening operation and the closing operation by the operation of the relaxation device.

  Next, the operation will be described. When a driving force is input from the manual handle 11 or the electric motor 21, the driving force is decelerated by the reduction gear train 30 and then stored in the energy storage spring 53. Specifically, when the fourth gear 34 is rotated to a predetermined angle and the connection pin 51 is engaged with one end of the elongated hole 42a, the spring lever 41 starts rotating and the driving force is stored in the storing spring 53. The As shown in FIG. 3, when the line connecting the main shaft 35 and the connection pin 51 coincides with the axis of the energy storage spring 53, the energy is most strongly stored and released immediately thereafter. When the energy storage spring 53 is released, the connection pin 51 runs idle in the notch 34a and comes into contact with one end of the elongated hole 42a, whereby the release lever 42 rotates. Immediately after the connection pin 51 comes into contact with one end of the elongated hole 42a, the drive circuit 22 connected to the electric motor 21 is opened, and the fourth gear 34 performs inertial rotation. This inertial rotation is also connected to the electric motor 21. The brake circuit 23 thus applied is turned on immediately after the drive circuit 22 is opened, so that the deceleration control is smoothly performed.

  Here, the angle formed by the straight line connecting the first connecting pin 46 and the main shaft 35 and the straight line connecting the first connecting pin 46 and the second connecting pin 47 around the first connecting pin 46, that is, the release lever 42 and the link 43. The angle formed by the first angle θ 1, the straight line connecting the second connecting pin 47 and the first connecting pin 46 with the second connecting pin 47 as the center, and the angle forming the straight line connecting the second connecting pin 47 and the output shaft 45. That is, the angle formed by the link 43 and the transmission lever 44 is the second angle θ2.

  When the switch body 80 is in an open circuit state (FIG. 1), the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 form a predetermined angle, and the release lever 42, the link 43, and the transmission lever 44 are mutually connected. The output shaft 45 is arranged to be at an appropriate distance from both the speed reduction mechanism 30 and the energy storage mechanism 50 so as to avoid mutual interference. More specifically, the rotation shaft 54 of the accumulator spring 53, the main shaft 35, and the rotation centers of the second gear 32 and the third gear 33 are arranged on a substantially straight line, and the output shaft 45 is arranged with respect to this virtual straight line. The main shaft 35 is arranged in a substantially vertical direction. When the switch body 80 is moved from the open state to the closed state, the first angle θ1 is increased (FIGS. 3 and 4), and when the switch body 80 reaches the complete closed position, the release lever 42, the link 43, and the transmission lever 44 extend to each other so that the arrangement of the main shaft 35, the first connecting pin 46, and the second connecting pin 47 approaches a straight line (FIG. 5).

  The first angle θ1 is advantageously closer to 180 ° when the switch body 80 is in the fully closed position. In the present embodiment, the first angle θ1 when the switch body 80 is in the fully closed position is set to be smaller by several degrees than 180 °. This is because the first angle θ1 exceeds 180 ° during the closing operation due to dimensional variations and assembly errors of the parts constituting the output transmission mechanism 40 and the switch body 80, and the transmission lever 44 is reversely rotated and moved. This is to prevent the operation direction of the contactor 83 from being reversed.

  Regarding the second angle θ2, which is the angle formed by the link 43 and the transmission lever 44, when the second angle θ2 is 90 °, the biasing force output by the accumulator spring 53 is the largest. In the present embodiment, when the contact starts to be turned on, that is, when the pressing operation of the movable contact 83 to the fixed contact 84 starts (FIG. 4), the second angle θ2 is approximately 90 °. Has been. By setting it as such a structure, the torque of the output shaft 45 in the middle of throwing can be enlarged. More specifically, since the torque of the output shaft 45 becomes maximum in the latter half of the closing operation, the maximum torque can be efficiently generated when the movable contact 83 that requires the largest load is turned on.

  The second angle θ2 is an acute angle (0 ° <θ2 <90 °) when the switch body 80 is in the fully closed position, and an obtuse angle (90 ° when the switch body 80 is in the fully open position. If <θ2 <180 °), the above-described predetermined effect can be obtained.

  As described above, in the switch operating device according to the present embodiment, the accumulator spring 53, the driving mechanisms 10 and 20 that generate the driving force, and the spur gear train deceleration mechanism that decelerates and increases the driving force. 30 and an output transmission mechanism 40 that stores the driving force in the accumulating spring 53 and transmits the releasing force of the accumulating spring 53 to the switch main body 80 via the output shaft 45. The output transmission mechanism 40 has a transmission lever 44 that rotates around the output shaft 45 and transmits a releasing force to the output shaft 45, and a link 43 that has one end connected to the tip of the transmission lever 44 by a second connection pin 47. And a release lever 42 pivotally supported by a main shaft 35 provided at a position different from the output shaft 45 and connected to the other end of the link 43 by a first connection pin 46 and rotated by a release force of an energy storage spring 53. Have. The transmission lever 44, the link 43, and the release lever 42, which are positioned so as to bend each other when the switch body 80 is in the open state, are connected to the main shaft 35 in accordance with the operation of the switch body 80 from the open state to the close state. The first connecting pin 46 and the second connecting pin 47 are extended so that the arrangement approaches a straight line. Therefore, the mechanism can be simplified without using a worm gear or the like for output transmission, and the maximum torque can be generated when the movable contactor in the latter half of the closing operation that requires the largest load is applied. .

  As described above, the switch operating device according to the present invention stores the driving force from the driving mechanism in the energy storage spring, and uses the stored energy release force of the energy storage spring to connect the contact of the switch. It is optimally applied to a spring-operated switch operating device that opens and closes at high speed.

10 Manual drive unit (first drive mechanism)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Manual handle 12 Drive operation shaft 12a First mounting part 12b Second mounting part 13 One-way clutch 14 Non-rotating 20 Electric drive part (second drive mechanism)
21 Electric motor 22 Drive circuit 23 Braking circuit 30 Reduction gear train (reduction mechanism)
31 1st gear 32 2nd gear 33 3rd gear 34 4th gear (output side gear)
34a Notch 35 Main shaft 36 Bearing 37 Thrust bearing 40 Output transmission mechanism 41 Spring lever 42 Release lever 43 Link 44 Transmission lever 45 Output shaft 46 First connection pin 47 Second connection pin 50 Energy storage mechanism 51 Connection pin 52 Spring rod 53 Energy storage spring 54 Rotating shaft 70 Operating device 80 Switch body 81 Output lever 82 Output link 83 Movable contact 84 Fixed contact θ1 First angle θ2 Second angle

Claims (8)

In the operating device of the switch that opens and closes the contact of the switch by using the released force of the stored spring,
One energy storage spring,
A driving mechanism for generating a driving force;
An output transmission mechanism for accumulating the driving force in the accumulator spring and transmitting the releasing force of the accumulator spring to the switch body via an output shaft;
The drive mechanism has a manual handle for converting a manual operation force into the drive force, a drive operation shaft to which the manual handle is attached, and a one-way clutch that rotates the manual handle in only one direction, The drive operation shaft is provided with a detachable mounting portion of the manual handle at both ends so that a rotational force in the opposite direction can be applied .
The output transmission mechanism includes a transmission lever that rotates about the output shaft and transmits a releasing force to the output shaft, a link that is connected to a tip of the transmission lever by a second connection pin, and the output shaft A release lever pivotally supported by a main shaft provided at a different position and connected to the other end of the link by a first connection pin and rotated by a release force of the energy storage spring;
When the switch body is in an open state, the transmission lever, the link, and the release lever are arranged to bend each other, and when the switch body is in a closed state, the main shaft, the first An operating device for a switch, wherein the connecting pin and the second connecting pin are arranged so as to approach a straight line .   At least one set of a reduction gear train that reduces the rotational speed of the drive force transmitted as a rotational force from the drive mechanism, and the drive operation shaft is a rotation shaft of any one of the input side gears of the reduction gear train The switch operating device according to claim 1, wherein the switch operating device is connected to the switch.   The switch operating device according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the reduction gear trains is a spur gear train. When said switch body is in a fully closed position, the first angle formed the Hozei lever and said link (.theta.1) is any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that several degrees less than 180 ° 1 Switch operating device according to item . The second angle (θ2) formed by the transmission lever and the link is an acute angle (0 ° <θ2 <90 °) when the switch body is in the fully closed position, and the switch body is in the fully open position. 5. The switch operating device according to claim 1 , wherein the switch has an obtuse angle (90 ° <θ2 <180 °). 4. The switch operating device according to claim 2, wherein an output side gear of the reduction gear train is pivotally supported by the main shaft. There is a spring lever pivotally supported by the main shaft and connected to the end of the accumulator spring by a connection pin, and the output side gear of the reduction gear train is formed with a notch having an arc length along the circumferential direction. When the connection pin engages with the notch, the energy storage spring is stored, and when the power storage spring is released, the connection pin idles in the notch and the release lever The switch operating device according to claim 6 , wherein the release lever is rotated by contacting the switch. The drive mechanism has an electric motor that converts electric power into the drive force, and the electric motor is provided with a braking circuit that brakes inertial rotation of the drive mechanism after releasing the accumulator spring. The switch operating device according to claim 7 , wherein:

Images