JP5012694B2 - Safety valve for fender - Google Patents

Safety valve for fender Download PDF

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JP5012694B2
JP5012694B2 JP2008167824A JP2008167824A JP5012694B2 JP 5012694 B2 JP5012694 B2 JP 5012694B2 JP 2008167824 A JP2008167824 A JP 2008167824A JP 2008167824 A JP2008167824 A JP 2008167824A JP 5012694 B2 JP5012694 B2 JP 5012694B2
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valve
hole
diaphragm
valve seat
control valve
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JP2010006235A (en
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理人 金子
周 山田
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Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways

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Description

本発明は防舷材用安全弁に関し、更に詳しくは安全弁の内部に結露した水が低温下で凍結して安全弁が常時開放状態となることによる防舷材の内圧低下を防止するようにした防舷材用安全弁に関する。   The present invention relates to a safety valve for a fender, and more particularly, a fender that prevents a decrease in internal pressure of a fender due to water condensed inside the safety valve being frozen at a low temperature and the safety valve being always open. It relates to a safety valve for materials.

従来より、船舶の接岸又は接舷時における船体及び岸壁の損傷防止を目的として、空気式防舷材が岸壁の壁面や船側に設置されている。この空気式防舷材は、ゴムなどの弾性材料からなる略俵状で中空の防舷材本体の内部に空気を封入したものであり、船舶の接岸又は接舷時に弾性変形することにより緩衝作用を発揮する。   Conventionally, pneumatic fenders have been installed on the quay walls and on the ship side for the purpose of preventing damage to the hull and quay when the ship is berthing or berthing. This pneumatic fender is made of an elastic material such as rubber and contains air inside a substantially fender-shaped hollow fender body. Demonstrate.

この空気式防舷材の１つとして、海中に船体やその一部が深く沈み込んでいる潜水艦や双胴船などを対象とする、いわゆる縦型空気式防舷材と呼ばれるものがある。この縦型空気式防舷材は、図３に示すように、防舷材本体４０の内部に錘用の水Ｗが封入され、下部鏡部４１にはチェーン４２等を介して重錘４３が取り付けられている。また、上部鏡部４４には、船舶などにより防舷材本体４０が過度に圧縮されたときに防舷材本体４０が損傷しないように、内部の空気４５を放出して内圧を下げる安全弁４６が取り付けられている。   As one of the pneumatic fenders, there is a so-called vertical pneumatic fender for a submarine or a catamaran where a hull or a part of the hull is submerged deeply in the sea. As shown in FIG. 3, in this vertical pneumatic fender, weight water W is sealed inside a fender main body 40, and a weight 43 is attached to the lower mirror part 41 via a chain 42 or the like. It is attached. The upper mirror 44 has a safety valve 46 for releasing the internal air 45 and reducing the internal pressure so that the fender main body 40 is not damaged when the fender main body 40 is excessively compressed by a ship or the like. It is attached.

この安全弁４６は、海上の雰囲気と連通しているため、塩分を含んだ外気や海水により作動不良を起こさないようにする必要がある。そのため、特許文献１は、図４に示すような安全弁１を提案している。   Since the safety valve 46 communicates with the atmosphere on the sea, it is necessary to prevent malfunctions caused by salty outside air or seawater. Therefore, Patent Document 1 proposes a safety valve 1 as shown in FIG.

この安全弁１は、円筒状の弁箱２の底面を底蓋３で閉止して、その内部に制御弁４とパイロット弁５とを収納した構造を有しており、防舷材本体４０の上部鏡部４４の口金６にボルト７を介して固定されている。   The safety valve 1 has a structure in which a bottom surface of a cylindrical valve box 2 is closed by a bottom lid 3 and a control valve 4 and a pilot valve 5 are accommodated therein, and an upper portion of a fender main body 40 is provided. It is fixed to the base 6 of the mirror part 44 via a bolt 7.

制御弁４は、弁箱２内に摺動可能に嵌挿され、弁箱２及び底蓋３との間に上部弁室８及び下部弁室９をそれぞれ形成している。上部弁室８及び下部弁室９は、それぞれ第１小孔１０及び底蓋３の中心孔１１を通じて防舷材本体４０内と連通している。制御弁４の上部には、弁箱２の環状突条１２に嵌合する弁座１３が設けられている。   The control valve 4 is slidably fitted into the valve box 2, and an upper valve chamber 8 and a lower valve chamber 9 are formed between the valve box 2 and the bottom cover 3, respectively. The upper valve chamber 8 and the lower valve chamber 9 communicate with the inside of the fender main body 40 through the first small hole 10 and the center hole 11 of the bottom lid 3, respectively. Above the control valve 4, a valve seat 13 that is fitted to the annular protrusion 12 of the valve box 2 is provided.

この制御弁４の中心部には貫通孔１４が形成され、その貫通孔１４には中心孔１５を有するパイロット弁５が摺動可能に嵌挿されている。このパイロット弁５はダイヤフラム１６を介して制御弁４と接続されており、そのダイヤフラム１６の下面は、制御弁４内に形成された連通路１７及び弁箱２に形成された第２小孔１８を介して、防舷材本体４０内と連通している。また、パイロット弁５の下面には、制御弁４に固定されたパイロット弁座１９の上面の環状突条２０に嵌合する弁座２１が設けられている。   A through hole 14 is formed at the center of the control valve 4, and a pilot valve 5 having a center hole 15 is slidably fitted into the through hole 14. The pilot valve 5 is connected to the control valve 4 through a diaphragm 16, and the lower surface of the diaphragm 16 has a communication passage 17 formed in the control valve 4 and a second small hole 18 formed in the valve box 2. It communicates with the inside of the fender main body 40 via the. Further, on the lower surface of the pilot valve 5, a valve seat 21 that is fitted to the annular ridge 20 on the upper surface of the pilot valve seat 19 fixed to the control valve 4 is provided.

制御弁４と底蓋３との間には、制御弁４の弁座１３が弁箱２の環状突条１２に嵌合するように、制御弁４を上方へ付勢する制御弁バネ２２が配置されている。また、パイロット弁５の上方には、中心孔２３を有する調整ネジ２４により弾性力が調整可能な調節バネ２５が配置されており、パイロット弁５の下面の弁座２１がパイロット弁座１９の環状突条２０に嵌合するように、パイロット弁５を下方へ付勢している。これらパイロット弁５、ダイヤフラム１６、調節バネ２５及び調節ネジ２４は、カバー２６とそれに連接する蓋部２７により外部環境から隔離されている。   Between the control valve 4 and the bottom cover 3, there is a control valve spring 22 that urges the control valve 4 upward so that the valve seat 13 of the control valve 4 is fitted to the annular protrusion 12 of the valve box 2. Has been placed. Further, an adjustment spring 25 whose elastic force can be adjusted by an adjustment screw 24 having a center hole 23 is disposed above the pilot valve 5, and the valve seat 21 on the lower surface of the pilot valve 5 is annular to the pilot valve seat 19. The pilot valve 5 is urged downward so as to be fitted to the protrusion 20. The pilot valve 5, the diaphragm 16, the adjustment spring 25 and the adjustment screw 24 are isolated from the external environment by a cover 26 and a lid portion 27 connected to the cover 26.

上記の安全弁１の作用を、図５〜７に基づいて以下に説明する。   The operation of the safety valve 1 will be described below with reference to FIGS.

船舶との接触がない防舷材本体４０の通常状態では、図５に示すように、弁箱２の第２小孔１８及び連通路１７を通じてダイヤフラム１６の下面に加わる圧力（防舷材本体の内圧）が、調節バネ２５の弾性力よりも小さいので、パイロット弁５の弁座２１はパイロット弁座１９の環状突条２０に嵌合した状態となっている。また、第１小孔１０と上部弁室８を通じて加えられる制御弁４を押し下げる圧力と、弁箱２の底蓋３に設けられた中心孔１１と下部弁室９を介して加えられる制御弁４を押し上げる圧力とは均衡しているため、制御弁バネ２２の弾性力により制御弁４は押し上げられ、弁座１３が弁箱２の環状突条１２と嵌合した状態となっている。従って、通常状態では、安全弁１は閉止している。   In the normal state of the fender main body 40 without contact with the ship, as shown in FIG. 5, the pressure applied to the lower surface of the diaphragm 16 through the second small hole 18 and the communication passage 17 of the valve box 2 (the fender main body (Internal pressure) is smaller than the elastic force of the adjustment spring 25, the valve seat 21 of the pilot valve 5 is in a state of being fitted to the annular protrusion 20 of the pilot valve seat 19. In addition, the pressure that pushes down the control valve 4 applied through the first small hole 10 and the upper valve chamber 8, and the control valve 4 that is applied through the center hole 11 provided in the bottom lid 3 of the valve box 2 and the lower valve chamber 9. Therefore, the control valve 4 is pushed up by the elastic force of the control valve spring 22, and the valve seat 13 is engaged with the annular ridge 12 of the valve box 2. Therefore, in the normal state, the safety valve 1 is closed.

次に、船舶と接触して防舷材本体４０が過圧縮の状態になると、第２小孔１８及び連通路１７を通じてダイヤフラム１６の下面に加わる圧力が、調節バネ２５の弾性力よりも大きくなるため、図６に示すように、ダイヤフラム１６が押し上げられてパイロット弁５が上方へ移動する。このパイロット弁５の上方移動により、パイロット弁５の弁座２１がパイロット弁座１９の環状突条２０から離れてパイロット弁５が開いた状態になるので、下部弁室９内の空気は、パイロット弁座１９の貫通孔からパイロット弁５の中心孔１５、カバー２６内部、調節ネジ２４の中心孔２３及び蓋部２７上面の連通孔を通じて外部へ放出される。   Next, when the fender main body 40 comes into an overcompressed state in contact with the ship, the pressure applied to the lower surface of the diaphragm 16 through the second small hole 18 and the communication path 17 becomes larger than the elastic force of the adjustment spring 25. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the diaphragm 16 is pushed up and the pilot valve 5 moves upward. Due to the upward movement of the pilot valve 5, the valve seat 21 of the pilot valve 5 is separated from the annular protrusion 20 of the pilot valve seat 19 and the pilot valve 5 is opened. From the through hole of the valve seat 19, it is discharged to the outside through the center hole 15 of the pilot valve 5, the inside of the cover 26, the center hole 23 of the adjusting screw 24, and the communication hole on the upper surface of the lid 27.

この放出により下部弁室９内の圧力が低下するので、図７に示すように、第１小孔１０と上部弁室８を通じて加えられる制御弁４を押し下げる圧力が制御弁バネ２２の弾性力より大きくなるため、制御弁４が下方へ降下して上部の弁座１３が弁箱２の環状突条１２から離れて制御弁４が開放した状態となる。そのため、防舷材本体４０内の圧縮された空気は、第１小孔１０及び上部弁室８から弁箱２とカバー２６との間を通って防舷材本体４０の外部へ放出される。   Since the pressure in the lower valve chamber 9 is reduced by this discharge, the pressure for pushing down the control valve 4 applied through the first small hole 10 and the upper valve chamber 8 is caused by the elastic force of the control valve spring 22 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the control valve 4 descends downward, the upper valve seat 13 moves away from the annular protrusion 12 of the valve box 2, and the control valve 4 is opened. Therefore, the compressed air in the fender body 40 is discharged from the first small hole 10 and the upper valve chamber 8 between the valve box 2 and the cover 26 to the outside of the fender body 40.

しかし、上記の安全弁１は、防舷材本体４０内に封入された錘用の水Ｗがダイヤフラム１６の近傍で結露して低温下で凍結すると、ダイヤフラム１６が常に押し上げられた状態となり、パイロット弁５が常時開放状態となって防舷材本体４０の過度の内圧低下を招き、最悪の場合には沈下してしまうという問題があった。
特開昭５８−２０７５８６号公報 However, when the weight water W enclosed in the fender main body 40 condenses near the diaphragm 16 and freezes at a low temperature, the safety valve 1 is in a state in which the diaphragm 16 is always pushed up. There is a problem that 5 becomes always open, causing an excessive decrease in the internal pressure of the fender main body 40 and sinking in the worst case.
JP 58-207586 A

本発明の目的は、水が凍結するような低温下でも常時開放状態とならない防舷材用安全弁を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide a safety valve for a fender that does not always open even at low temperatures where water freezes.

上記の目的を達成する第１発明の防舷材用安全弁は、中心孔（１１）を有する底蓋（３）に下方を閉止され、側面に第１小孔（１０）及び第２小孔（１８）を有するとともに、内側へ突出する開口部の内縁部に下方へ向けて突出する環状突条（１２）が形成された円筒状の弁箱（２）と、前記弁箱（２）内に摺動可能に嵌挿され、前記環状突条（１２）に嵌合可能な弁座（１３）を有するとともに、前記開口部との間に前記第１小孔（１０）に連通する上部弁室（８）を、前記底蓋（３）との間に前記中心孔（１１）に連通する下部弁室（９）を、それぞれ形成する中心部に貫通孔（１４）を有する制御弁（４）と、前記制御弁（４）に固定され、一端が前記下部弁室（９）に開口する上下に延びる貫通孔を有し、かつ上面に環状突条（２０）が形成されたパイロット弁座（１９）と、前記貫通孔（１４）に摺動可能に嵌挿され、ダイヤフラム（１６）を介して前記制御弁（４）に接続し、下面に前記環状突条（２０）に嵌合可能な弁座（２１）が形成されているとともに、前記開口部へ連通する中心孔（１５）を有するパイロット弁（５）と、前記ダイヤフラム（１６）の下面と前記第２小孔（１８）とに連通する前記制御弁（４）内に形成された連通路（１７）と、前記弁座（１３）が前記環状突条（１２）に嵌合するように前記制御弁（４）を上方へ付勢する制御弁バネ（２２）と、前記弁座（２１）が前記環状突条（２０）に嵌合するように前記パイロット弁（５）を下方へ付勢する弾性力を調節可能な調節バネ（２５）とを備え、前記第２小孔（１８）及び連通路（１７）を通じて前記ダイヤフラム（１６）の下面に前記調節バネ（２５）の弾性力よりも大きな圧力が加わると、前記ダイヤフラム（１６）を介して前記パイロット弁（５）が上方へ移動して前記弁座（２１）が前記環状突条（２０）から離れることで、前記下部弁室（９）内の空気が前記パイロット弁座（１９）の貫通孔及び中心孔（１５）を通じて前記弁箱（２）の外部へ放出され、次いで、前記第１小孔（１０）及び上部弁室（８）を通じて加わる圧力により前記制御弁（４）が下方へ下降して前記弁座（１３）が前記環状突条（１２）から離れることで前記上部弁室（８）が前記開口部へ連通する防舷材用安全弁において、前記防舷材用安全弁を、内部に水（Ｗ）が封入された縦型空気式防舷材本体（４０）の上部鏡部（４４）の口金（６）に固定するとともに、前記連通路（１７）の途中にダイヤフラム（２８）を設けたことを特徴とするものである。 The safety valve for fenders according to the first aspect of the present invention that achieves the above object is closed at the bottom by a bottom lid (3) having a center hole (11), and has a first small hole (10) and a second small hole ( 18) and a cylindrical valve box (2) formed with an annular ridge (12) protruding downward at the inner edge of the opening protruding inward, and in the valve box (2) An upper valve chamber that is slidably inserted and has a valve seat (13) that can be fitted to the annular ridge (12) and communicates with the first small hole (10) between the opening and the opening. A control valve (4) having a through-hole (14) in the central part for forming a lower valve chamber (9) communicating with the central hole (11) between the bottom cover (3) and (8). And a through hole that is fixed to the control valve (4), has one end opened vertically to the lower valve chamber (9), and an annular protrusion (20 A pilot valve seat (19) formed with slidably fitted in the through hole (14), connected to the control valve (4) via a diaphragm (16), and the annular protrusion on the lower surface A valve seat (21) that can be fitted to (20) is formed, a pilot valve (5) having a central hole (15) communicating with the opening, a lower surface of the diaphragm (16), and the first The control passage (17) formed in the control valve (4) communicating with the two small holes (18) and the valve seat (13) are fitted to the annular protrusion (12). A control valve spring (22) for urging the valve (4) upward and the pilot valve (5) for urging downward so that the valve seat (21) is fitted to the annular ridge (20). An adjustment spring (25) capable of adjusting the elastic force, and the second small hole (18) and the communication path (17). When a pressure larger than the elastic force of the adjustment spring (25) is applied to the lower surface of the diaphragm (16), the pilot valve (5) moves upward through the diaphragm (16) and the valve seat ( 21) is separated from the annular ridge (20), so that the air in the lower valve chamber (9) passes through the through hole and the center hole (15) of the pilot valve seat (19) and the air in the valve box (2). Then, the control valve (4) is lowered by the pressure applied through the first small hole (10) and the upper valve chamber (8), and the valve seat (13) is moved to the annular ridge ( 12) In the safety valve for fenders in which the upper valve chamber (8) communicates with the opening by moving away from the opening, the safety valve for fenders is connected to the vertical pneumatic type anti-fault with water (W) enclosed therein. The cap (6) of the upper mirror part (44) of the wood main body (40) ), And a diaphragm (28) is provided in the middle of the communication path (17) .

これら２つのダイヤフラム（１６、２８）の間には凍結防止剤を封入することが望ましい。 It is desirable to enclose an antifreeze agent between these two diaphragms (16, 28) .

上記の目的を達成する第２発明の防舷材用安全弁は、中心孔（１１）を有する底蓋（３）に下方を閉止され、側面に第１小孔（１０）及び第２小孔（１８）を有するとともに、内側へ突出する開口部の内縁部に下方へ向けて突出する環状突条（１２）が形成された円筒状の弁箱（２）と、前記弁箱（２）内に摺動可能に嵌挿され、前記環状突条（１２）に嵌合可能な弁座（１３）を有するとともに、前記開口部との間に前記第１小孔（１０）に連通する上部弁室（８）を、前記底蓋（３）との間に前記中心孔（１１）に連通する下部弁室（９）を、それぞれ形成する中心部に貫通孔（１４）を有する制御弁（４）と、前記制御弁（４）に固定され、一端が前記下部弁室（９）に開口する上下に延びる貫通孔を有し、かつ上面に環状突条（２０）が形成されたパイロット弁座（１９）と、前記貫通孔（１４）に摺動可能に嵌挿され、ダイヤフラム（１６）を介して前記制御弁（４）に接続し、下面に前記環状突条（２０）に嵌合可能な弁座（２１）が形成されているとともに、前記開口部へ連通する中心孔（１５）を有するパイロット弁（５）と、前記ダイヤフラム（１６）の下面と前記第２小孔（１８）とに連通する前記制御弁（４）内に形成された連通路（１７）と、前記弁座（１３）が前記環状突条（１２）に嵌合するように前記制御弁（４）を上方へ付勢する制御弁バネ（２２）と、前記弁座（２１）が前記環状突条（２０）に嵌合するように前記パイロット弁（５）を下方へ付勢する弾性力を調節可能な調節バネ（２５）とを備え、前記第２小孔（１８）及び連通路（１７）を通じて前記ダイヤフラム（１６）の下面に前記調節バネ（２５）の弾性力よりも大きな圧力が加わると、前記ダイヤフラム（１６）を介して前記パイロット弁（５）が上方へ移動して前記弁座（２１）が前記環状突条（２０）から離れることで、前記下部弁室（９）内の空気が前記パイロット弁座（１９）の貫通孔及び中心孔（１５）を通じて前記弁箱（２）の外部へ放出され、次いで、前記第１小孔（１０）及び上部弁室（８）を通じて加わる圧力により前記制御弁（４）が下方へ下降して前記弁座（１３）が前記環状突条（１２）から離れることで前記上部弁室（８）が前記開口部へ連通する防舷材用安全弁において、前記防舷材用安全弁を、内部に水（Ｗ）が封入された縦型空気式防舷材本体（４０）の上部鏡部（４４）の口金（６）に固定するとともに、前記固定された防舷材用安全弁のうち前記縦型空気式防舷材本体（４０）内に位置する部分を、容器（２９）内に貯留する凍結防止剤（３０）中に浸漬させたことを特徴とするものである。The safety valve for fenders according to the second invention that achieves the above object is closed at the bottom by a bottom lid (3) having a center hole (11), and has a first small hole (10) and a second small hole ( 18) and a cylindrical valve box (2) formed with an annular ridge (12) protruding downward at the inner edge of the opening protruding inward, and in the valve box (2) An upper valve chamber that is slidably inserted and has a valve seat (13) that can be fitted to the annular ridge (12) and communicates with the first small hole (10) between the opening and the opening. A control valve (4) having a through-hole (14) in the central part for forming a lower valve chamber (9) communicating with the central hole (11) between the bottom cover (3) and (8). And a through hole that is fixed to the control valve (4), has one end opened vertically to the lower valve chamber (9), and an annular protrusion (20 A pilot valve seat (19) formed with slidably fitted in the through hole (14), connected to the control valve (4) via a diaphragm (16), and the annular protrusion on the lower surface A valve seat (21) that can be fitted to (20) is formed, a pilot valve (5) having a central hole (15) communicating with the opening, a lower surface of the diaphragm (16), and the first The control passage (17) formed in the control valve (4) communicating with the two small holes (18) and the valve seat (13) are fitted to the annular protrusion (12). A control valve spring (22) for urging the valve (4) upward and the pilot valve (5) for urging downward so that the valve seat (21) is fitted to the annular ridge (20). An adjustment spring (25) capable of adjusting the elastic force, and the second small hole (18) and the communication path (17). When a pressure larger than the elastic force of the adjustment spring (25) is applied to the lower surface of the diaphragm (16), the pilot valve (5) moves upward through the diaphragm (16) and the valve seat ( 21) is separated from the annular ridge (20), so that the air in the lower valve chamber (9) passes through the through hole and the center hole (15) of the pilot valve seat (19) and the air in the valve box (2). Then, the control valve (4) is lowered by the pressure applied through the first small hole (10) and the upper valve chamber (8), and the valve seat (13) is moved to the annular ridge ( 12) In the safety valve for fenders in which the upper valve chamber (8) communicates with the opening by moving away from the opening, the safety valve for fenders is connected to the vertical pneumatic type anti-fault with water (W) enclosed therein. The cap (6) of the upper mirror part (44) of the wood main body (40) ) And an antifreezing agent (30) for storing a portion of the fixed safety valve for the fender in the vertical pneumatic fender main body (40) in the container (29). It is characterized by being immersed in the inside.

その容器（２９）内に貯留する凍結防止剤（３０）の液面は、少なくとも連通路（１７）が浸漬する高さであることが望ましい。また、上記の凍結防止剤としては、エチレングリコール又はシリコーンオイルを用いることが望ましい。The liquid level of the antifreezing agent (30) stored in the container (29) is desirably at least a height at which the communication path (17) is immersed. Moreover, as said antifreezing agent, it is desirable to use ethylene glycol or silicone oil.

本発明の防舷材用安全弁によれば、空気と水とが封入された防舷材における空気を外部へ放出する制御弁と、制御弁を動作させるパイロット弁と、防舷材の内圧が所定の圧力を超えたときにパイロット弁を起動するダイヤフラムとを備えた防舷材用安全弁において、ダイヤフラムと防舷材の内部との間に更にダイヤフラムを設けたので、防舷材内に封入された水がダイヤフラム近傍へ侵入することを防止することができるため、水が凍結するような低温下でも安全弁が常時開放状態となることを防止することができる。   According to the safety valve for a fender according to the present invention, the control valve for releasing air to the outside in the fender encapsulated with air and water, the pilot valve for operating the control valve, and the internal pressure of the fender are predetermined. In the safety valve for fenders equipped with a diaphragm that activates the pilot valve when the pressure exceeds the pressure, a diaphragm is further provided between the diaphragm and the inside of the fender so that it is enclosed in the fender Since it is possible to prevent water from entering the vicinity of the diaphragm, it is possible to prevent the safety valve from being always open even at a low temperature where the water freezes.

以下に、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照して説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

図１は、本発明の実施形態からなる防舷材用安全弁を示す。なお、従来技術と同じ部分には同一の符号を付し、説明を省略する。   FIG. 1 shows a safety valve for fenders according to an embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part same as a prior art, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

この防舷材用安全弁（以下、単に「安全弁」という。）１Ａは、図４に示す特許文献１の安全弁１において、ダイヤフラム１６の下面と防舷材本体４０内とを連通する連通路１７の途中には更にダイヤフラム２８を設けたものである。   The safety valve for fenders (hereinafter simply referred to as “safety valve”) 1A is a safety valve 1 of Patent Document 1 shown in FIG. A diaphragm 28 is further provided on the way.

このように連通路１７にダイヤフラム２８を設けることにより、防舷材本体４０内に封入された水Ｗが、パイロット弁５を起動するダイヤフラム１６の近傍へ侵入することを防止することができるため、水が凍結するような低温下でも安全弁１Ａが常時開放状態となることを防止することができる。そのため、船舶との接触がない通常状態において、防舷材の過度の内圧低下を防止することができる。また、安全弁１Ａ内への異物の侵入も防ぐことができるため、安全弁の故障を防止すると共に、メンテナンスを容易にすることができる。   By providing the diaphragm 28 in the communication path 17 in this way, it is possible to prevent the water W enclosed in the fender body 40 from entering the vicinity of the diaphragm 16 that activates the pilot valve 5. It is possible to prevent the safety valve 1A from being always open even under a low temperature where water freezes. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an excessive decrease in internal pressure of the fender in a normal state where there is no contact with the ship. In addition, since foreign matter can be prevented from entering the safety valve 1A, the safety valve can be prevented from being broken and maintenance can be facilitated.

上記の実施形態においては、２つのダイヤフラム１６、２８間に凍結防止剤を封入することが望ましい。凍結防止剤としては、エチレングリコール又はシリコーンオイルが例示される。   In the above embodiment, it is desirable to enclose an antifreeze agent between the two diaphragms 16 and 28. Examples of the antifreezing agent include ethylene glycol or silicone oil.

このように凍結防止剤を封入することで、２つのダイヤフラム１６、２８間に残存する水分や、連通路１７以外の他の経路を通じてダイヤフラム１６の近傍に侵入する水分の凍結を防止することができる。   By enclosing the antifreezing agent in this way, it is possible to prevent moisture remaining between the two diaphragms 16 and 28 and moisture free from entering the vicinity of the diaphragm 16 through a path other than the communication path 17. .

図２は、本発明の別の実施形態からなる安全弁を示す。   FIG. 2 shows a safety valve according to another embodiment of the present invention.

この実施形態は、安全弁１Ａを容器２９内に貯留する凍結防止剤３０中に浸漬させたものである。このようにすることで、安全弁１Ａ内への水分の侵入や、残存する水分の凍結を完全に防止することができる。凍結防止剤３０の液面は、少なくとも連通路１７が十分浸漬する高さとすることが好ましい。   In this embodiment, the safety valve 1 </ b> A is immersed in the antifreezing agent 30 stored in the container 29. By doing in this way, the penetration | invasion of the water | moisture content in the safety valve 1A and the freezing of the remaining water | moisture content can be prevented completely. The liquid surface of the antifreezing agent 30 is preferably at a height at which the communication path 17 is sufficiently immersed.

本発明の防舷材用安全弁は、縦型空気式防舷材の安全弁として好ましく用いられる。   The safety valve for fenders of the present invention is preferably used as a safety valve for vertical pneumatic fenders.

本発明の実施形態からなる防舷材用安全弁を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the safety valve for fenders which consists of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の別の実施形態からなる防舷材用安全弁を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the safety valve for fenders which consists of another embodiment of this invention. 縦型空気式防舷材を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows a vertical pneumatic fender. 従来の安全弁を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional safety valve. 防舷材本体が通常状態にあるときの安全弁の機能を説明する断面図である。It is sectional drawing explaining the function of a safety valve when the fender body is in a normal state. 防舷材本体が過圧縮状態にあるときの安全弁の機能を説明する断面図である。It is sectional drawing explaining the function of a safety valve when the fender body is in an overcompressed state. 防舷材本体から空気を放出するときの安全弁の機能を説明する断面図である。It is sectional drawing explaining the function of a safety valve when discharging | emitting air from a fender body.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 安全弁
１Ａ 防舷材用安全弁
２ 弁箱
３ 底蓋
４ 制御弁
５ パイロット弁
６ 口金
７ ボルト
８ 上部弁室
９ 下部弁室
１０ 第１小孔
１１ （底蓋の）中心孔
１２ （弁箱の）環状突条
１３ （制御弁の）弁座
１４ （制御弁の）貫通孔
１５ （パイロット弁の）中心孔
１６ ダイヤフラム
１７ 連通路
１８ 第２小孔
１９ パイロット弁座
２０ （パイロット弁座の）環状突条
２１ （パイロット弁の）弁座
２２ 制御弁バネ
２３ （調節ネジの）中心孔
２４ 調節ネジ
２５ 調節バネ
２６ カバー
２７ 蓋部
２８ ダイヤフラム
２９ 容器
３０ 凍結防止剤
４０ 防舷材本体
４１ 下部鏡部
４２ チェーン
４３ 重錘
４４ 上部鏡部
４５ 空気
４６ 安全弁 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Safety valve 1A Safety valve for fenders 2 Valve box 3 Bottom cover 4 Control valve 5 Pilot valve 6 Base 7 Bolt 8 Upper valve chamber 9 Lower valve chamber 10 First small hole 11 Center hole 12 (Valve box) ) Annular ridge 13 Valve seat 14 (Control valve) Through hole 15 (Control valve) Center hole 16 (Pilot valve) Center hole 16 Diaphragm 17 Communication passage 18 Second small hole 19 Pilot valve seat 20 (Pilot valve seat) Annulus Projection 21 (Pilot valve) Valve seat 22 Control valve spring 23 (Adjustment screw) Center hole 24 Adjustment screw 25 Adjustment spring 26 Cover 27 Cover part 28 Diaphragm 29 Container 30 Antifreeze agent 40 Body part 41 Lower mirror part 42 Chain 43 Weight 44 Upper mirror 45 Air 46 Safety valve

Claims (5)

中心孔（１１）を有する底蓋（３）に下方を閉止され、側面に第１小孔（１０）及び第２小孔（１８）を有するとともに、内側へ突出する開口部の内縁部に下方へ向けて突出する環状突条（１２）が形成された円筒状の弁箱（２）と、
前記弁箱（２）内に摺動可能に嵌挿され、前記環状突条（１２）に嵌合可能な弁座（１３）を有するとともに、前記開口部との間に前記第１小孔（１０）に連通する上部弁室（８）を、前記底蓋（３）との間に前記中心孔（１１）に連通する下部弁室（９）を、それぞれ形成する中心部に貫通孔（１４）を有する制御弁（４）と、
前記制御弁（４）に固定され、一端が前記下部弁室（９）に開口する上下に延びる貫通孔を有し、かつ上面に環状突条（２０）が形成されたパイロット弁座（１９）と、
前記貫通孔（１４）に摺動可能に嵌挿され、ダイヤフラム（１６）を介して前記制御弁（４）に接続し、下面に前記環状突条（２０）に嵌合可能な弁座（２１）が形成されているとともに、前記開口部へ連通する中心孔（１５）を有するパイロット弁（５）と、
前記ダイヤフラム（１６）の下面と前記第２小孔（１８）とに連通する前記制御弁（４）内に形成された連通路（１７）と、
前記弁座（１３）が前記環状突条（１２）に嵌合するように前記制御弁（４）を上方へ付勢する制御弁バネ（２２）と、
前記弁座（２１）が前記環状突条（２０）に嵌合するように前記パイロット弁（５）を下方へ付勢する弾性力を調節可能な調節バネ（２５）とを備え、
前記第２小孔（１８）及び連通路（１７）を通じて前記ダイヤフラム（１６）の下面に前記調節バネ（２５）の弾性力よりも大きな圧力が加わると、前記ダイヤフラム（１６）を介して前記パイロット弁（５）が上方へ移動して前記弁座（２１）が前記環状突条（２０）から離れることで、前記下部弁室（９）内の空気が前記パイロット弁座（１９）の貫通孔及び中心孔（１５）を通じて前記弁箱（２）の外部へ放出され、
次いで、前記第１小孔（１０）及び上部弁室（８）を通じて加わる圧力により前記制御弁（４）が下方へ下降して前記弁座（１３）が前記環状突条（１２）から離れることで前記上部弁室（８）が前記開口部へ連通する防舷材用安全弁において、
前記防舷材用安全弁を、内部に水（Ｗ）が封入された縦型空気式防舷材本体（４０）の上部鏡部（４４）の口金（６）に固定するとともに、前記連通路（１７）の途中にダイヤフラム（２８）を設けた防舷材用安全弁。 The bottom lid (3) having the center hole (11) is closed at the bottom, and has a first small hole (10) and a second small hole (18) on the side surface, and is located below the inner edge of the opening projecting inward. A cylindrical valve box (2) formed with an annular ridge (12) protruding toward the
The valve box (2) is slidably inserted into the valve casing (2) and has a valve seat (13) that can be fitted to the annular ridge (12). The first small hole ( The lower valve chamber (9) communicating with the central hole (11) between the upper valve chamber (8) communicating with 10) and the bottom lid (3) and the through hole (14 A control valve (4) having
A pilot valve seat (19) which is fixed to the control valve (4), has a through-hole extending in the up and down direction, one end opening into the lower valve chamber (9), and an annular protrusion (20) formed on the upper surface. When,
A valve seat (21) slidably fitted into the through hole (14), connected to the control valve (4) via a diaphragm (16), and fitted to the annular protrusion (20) on the lower surface. ) And a pilot valve (5) having a central hole (15) communicating with the opening;
A communication path (17) formed in the control valve (4) communicating with the lower surface of the diaphragm (16) and the second small hole (18);
A control valve spring (22) for biasing the control valve (4) upward so that the valve seat (13) fits into the annular ridge (12);
An adjustment spring (25) capable of adjusting an elastic force for biasing the pilot valve (5) downward so that the valve seat (21) is fitted to the annular protrusion (20);
When a pressure larger than the elastic force of the adjustment spring (25) is applied to the lower surface of the diaphragm (16) through the second small hole (18) and the communication path (17), the pilot is transmitted via the diaphragm (16). When the valve (5) moves upward and the valve seat (21) is separated from the annular protrusion (20), the air in the lower valve chamber (9) is passed through the through hole of the pilot valve seat (19). And discharged to the outside of the valve box (2) through the central hole (15),
Next, the control valve (4) is lowered by the pressure applied through the first small hole (10) and the upper valve chamber (8), and the valve seat (13) is separated from the annular protrusion (12). In the safety valve for fenders in which the upper valve chamber (8) communicates with the opening,
The safety valve for the fender is fixed to the base (6) of the upper mirror part (44) of the vertical pneumatic fender main body (40) in which water (W) is sealed, and the communication passage ( 17) A safety valve for fenders provided with a diaphragm (28 ) in the middle . 前記２つのダイヤフラム（１６、２８）間に凍結防止剤を封入した請求項１に記載の防舷材用安全弁。 The safety valve for fenders according to claim 1, wherein an antifreezing agent is sealed between the two diaphragms (16, 28) . 中心孔（１１）を有する底蓋（３）に下方を閉止され、側面に第１小孔（１０）及び第２小孔（１８）を有するとともに、内側へ突出する開口部の内縁部に下方へ向けて突出する環状突条（１２）が形成された円筒状の弁箱（２）と、
前記弁箱（２）内に摺動可能に嵌挿され、前記環状突条（１２）に嵌合可能な弁座（１３）を有するとともに、前記開口部との間に前記第１小孔（１０）に連通する上部弁室（８）を、前記底蓋（３）との間に前記中心孔（１１）に連通する下部弁室（９）を、それぞれ形成する中心部に貫通孔（１４）を有する制御弁（４）と、
前記制御弁（４）に固定され、一端が前記下部弁室（９）に開口する上下に延びる貫通孔を有し、かつ上面に環状突条（２０）が形成されたパイロット弁座（１９）と、
前記貫通孔（１４）に摺動可能に嵌挿され、ダイヤフラム（１６）を介して前記制御弁（４）に接続し、下面に前記環状突条（２０）に嵌合可能な弁座（２１）が形成されているとともに、前記開口部へ連通する中心孔（１５）を有するパイロット弁（５）と、
前記ダイヤフラム（１６）の下面と前記第２小孔（１８）とに連通する前記制御弁（４）内に形成された連通路（１７）と、
前記弁座（１３）が前記環状突条（１２）に嵌合するように前記制御弁（４）を上方へ付勢する制御弁バネ（２２）と、
前記弁座（２１）が前記環状突条（２０）に嵌合するように前記パイロット弁（５）を下方へ付勢する弾性力を調節可能な調節バネ（２５）とを備え、
前記第２小孔（１８）及び連通路（１７）を通じて前記ダイヤフラム（１６）の下面に前記調節バネ（２５）の弾性力よりも大きな圧力が加わると、前記ダイヤフラム（１６）を介して前記パイロット弁（５）が上方へ移動して前記弁座（２１）が前記環状突条（２０）から離れることで、前記下部弁室（９）内の空気が前記パイロット弁座（１９）の貫通孔及び中心孔（１５）を通じて前記弁箱（２）の外部へ放出され、
次いで、前記第１小孔（１０）及び上部弁室（８）を通じて加わる圧力により前記制御弁（４）が下方へ下降して前記弁座（１３）が前記環状突条（１２）から離れることで前記上部弁室（８）が前記開口部へ連通する防舷材用安全弁において、
前記防舷材用安全弁を、内部に水（Ｗ）が封入された縦型空気式防舷材本体（４０）の上部鏡部（４４）の口金（６）に固定するとともに、前記固定された防舷材用安全弁のうち前記縦型空気式防舷材本体（４０）内に位置する部分を、容器（２９）内に貯留する凍結防止剤（３０）中に浸漬させた防舷材用安全弁。 The bottom lid (3) having the center hole (11) is closed at the bottom, and has a first small hole (10) and a second small hole (18) on the side surface, and is located below the inner edge of the opening projecting inward. A cylindrical valve box (2) formed with an annular ridge (12) protruding toward the
The valve box (2) is slidably inserted into the valve casing (2) and has a valve seat (13) that can be fitted to the annular ridge (12). The first small hole ( The lower valve chamber (9) communicating with the central hole (11) between the upper valve chamber (8) communicating with 10) and the bottom lid (3) and the through hole (14 A control valve (4) having
A pilot valve seat (19) which is fixed to the control valve (4), has a through-hole extending in the up and down direction, one end opening into the lower valve chamber (9), and an annular protrusion (20) formed on the upper surface. When,
A valve seat (21) slidably fitted into the through hole (14), connected to the control valve (4) via a diaphragm (16), and fitted to the annular protrusion (20) on the lower surface. ) And a pilot valve (5) having a central hole (15) communicating with the opening;
A communication path (17) formed in the control valve (4) communicating with the lower surface of the diaphragm (16) and the second small hole (18);
A control valve spring (22) for biasing the control valve (4) upward so that the valve seat (13) fits into the annular ridge (12);
An adjustment spring (25) capable of adjusting an elastic force for biasing the pilot valve (5) downward so that the valve seat (21) is fitted to the annular protrusion (20);
When a pressure larger than the elastic force of the adjustment spring (25) is applied to the lower surface of the diaphragm (16) through the second small hole (18) and the communication path (17), the pilot is transmitted via the diaphragm (16). When the valve (5) moves upward and the valve seat (21) is separated from the annular protrusion (20), the air in the lower valve chamber (9) is passed through the through hole of the pilot valve seat (19). And discharged to the outside of the valve box (2) through the central hole (15),
Next, the control valve (4) is lowered by the pressure applied through the first small hole (10) and the upper valve chamber (8), and the valve seat (13) is separated from the annular protrusion (12). In the safety valve for fenders in which the upper valve chamber (8) communicates with the opening,
The safety valve for the fender is fixed to the base (6) of the upper mirror part (44) of the vertical pneumatic fender main body (40) in which water (W) is enclosed, and the fixed a portion located on the vertical pneumatic fender body (40) out of the safety valve for fender, cryoprotectant (30) fender safety valve was immersed in the reservoir in the container (29) . 前記容器（２９）内に貯留する凍結防止剤（３０）の液面が、少なくとも前記連通路（１７）が浸漬する高さである請求項３に記載の防舷材用安全弁。 The safety valve for fenders according to claim 3 , wherein the liquid level of the antifreezing agent (30) stored in the container (29) is at least a height at which the communication passage (17) is immersed . 前記凍結防止剤がエチレングリコール又はシリコーンオイルである請求項２〜４のいずれかに記載の防舷材用安全弁。 The safety valve for fenders according to any one of claims 2 to 4 , wherein the antifreezing agent is ethylene glycol or silicone oil.
JP2008167824A 2008-06-26 2008-06-26 Safety valve for fender Expired - Fee Related JP5012694B2 (en)

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JP6565483B2 (en) * 2015-08-25 2019-08-28 横浜ゴム株式会社 Air extraction jig for pneumatic fenders

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