JP5009208B2 - smoke detector - Google Patents

smoke detector

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Publication number
JP5009208B2
JP5009208B2 JP2008073492A JP2008073492A JP5009208B2 JP 5009208 B2 JP5009208 B2 JP 5009208B2 JP 2008073492 A JP2008073492 A JP 2008073492A JP 2008073492 A JP2008073492 A JP 2008073492A JP 5009208 B2 JP5009208 B2 JP 5009208B2
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intake
flow path
pipe
smoke detector
exhaust
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JP2009230342A (en
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博之 横田
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Nohmi Bosai Ltd
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Nohmi Bosai Ltd
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Priority to JP2008073492A priority Critical patent/JP5009208B2/en
Priority to KR1020090011302A priority patent/KR101529735B1/en
Priority to CN2011101040341A priority patent/CN102176273A/en
Priority to CN2009101181380A priority patent/CN101540088B/en
Priority to CN201110104049.8A priority patent/CN102243797B/en
Priority to AU2009200921A priority patent/AU2009200921B2/en
Priority to US12/382,390 priority patent/US8089366B2/en
Priority to EP20100005736 priority patent/EP2221787B1/en
Priority to EP20090250784 priority patent/EP2112638B1/en
Priority to TW98109176A priority patent/TWI437514B/en
Publication of JP2009230342A publication Critical patent/JP2009230342A/en
Priority to US13/089,730 priority patent/US8106785B2/en
Priority to US13/089,760 priority patent/US8077018B2/en
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Publication of JP5009208B2 publication Critical patent/JP5009208B2/en
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Description

この発明は、空気中に浮遊する煙等の汚染物資を光学的に検知する煙感知器に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a smoke detector that optically detects contaminants such as smoke floating in the air.

火災予防や煙発生時の検知システムとして、或いは、一定の環境保全を必要とする半導体製造工場や食品工場において煙感知器が使用される。
従来の煙感知器は、流入口と流出口とを有する検煙部と、監視空間に敷設されたサンプリング管と、該サンプリング管に連結され、サンプリングエアが流れる気流管と、前記気流管に設けられ、前記検煙部の流入口に連結された吸気側流路分岐部と、前記流入口と前記吸気側分岐部との間に設けたフィルタと、を備えている（例えば、特許文献１、参照）。 Smoke detectors are used as detection systems for fire prevention and smoke generation, or in semiconductor manufacturing plants and food factories that require a certain level of environmental protection.
A conventional smoke detector includes a smoke detector having an inlet and an outlet, a sampling pipe laid in a monitoring space, an airflow pipe connected to the sampling pipe and through which sampling air flows, and an airflow pipe An intake-side flow passage branch connected to the inlet of the smoke detector, and a filter provided between the inlet and the intake-side branch (for example, Patent Document 1, reference).

この煙感知器では、前記気流管内を流れるサンプリングエアの一部を前記吸気側流路分岐部の吸気口から導入し、フィルタで粉塵等を除去した後に検煙部に供給するとともに、該検煙部の煙センサにより煙検出を行なった後に、流出口から排気口側流路合流部を介して前記気流管内に戻している。   In this smoke detector, a part of the sampling air flowing in the airflow pipe is introduced from the intake port of the intake side flow path branching portion, and dust and the like are removed by a filter and then supplied to the smoke detecting portion. After smoke detection is performed by the smoke sensor of the part, the air is returned from the outlet to the airflow pipe through the exhaust outlet side flow path merging part.

特表２０００−５０９５３５号公報Special Table 2000-509535

従来例では、粉塵等が含まれているサンプリングエアの一部をそのまま気流管内に導入し、フィルタを通すので、該フィルタには多量の粉塵等が堆積し、詰まってしまうことがある。そのため、頻繁にフィルタの清掃をしたり、交換をしなければならばならないので、フィルタのメンテナンス作業に多くの時間と費用がかかる。   In the conventional example, a part of sampling air containing dust or the like is introduced into the airflow tube as it is and passed through the filter, so that a large amount of dust or the like may accumulate on the filter and become clogged. For this reason, the filter must be frequently cleaned and replaced, so that the filter maintenance work takes a lot of time and money.

この発明は、上記事情に鑑み、吸気側流路分岐部の吸気口から吸引される、粉塵等の異物の量を減少させることを目的とする。   In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to reduce the amount of foreign matter such as dust sucked from the intake port of the intake-side flow path branching portion.

この発明は、流入口と流出口とを有する検煙部と、監視空間に敷設されたサンプリング管と、該サンプリング管に連結された気流管と、前記気流管に設けられ、前記検煙部の流入口に連結された吸気側流路分岐部と、前検煙部の流出口に連結された排気側流路合流部と、を備えた煙感知器において、前記吸気側流路分岐部の吸気口及び前記排気側流路合流部の排気口は、前記気流管内を流れるサンプリングエアの流れ方向に対して逆方向を向いており、前記吸気口は、前記サンプリングエアの流れ方向に対して０°〜４５°の範囲内で逆方向を向いており、前記吸気側流路分岐部の吸気口は、排気側流路合流部の排気口の上流側、又は、下流側に設けられていることを特徴とする。 The present invention provides a smoke detector having an inlet and an outlet, a sampling pipe laid in a monitoring space, an airflow pipe connected to the sampling pipe, an airflow pipe provided in the airflow pipe, In a smoke detector comprising: an intake-side flow passage branch connected to an inflow port; and an exhaust-side flow passage merge portion connected to an outlet of the previous smoke detector, the intake air of the intake-side flow branch portion The outlet and the exhaust outlet of the exhaust side flow path merging portion are directed in the opposite direction to the flow direction of the sampling air flowing in the airflow pipe, and the intake port is 0 ° with respect to the flow direction of the sampling air. The intake port of the intake side flow path branching section is provided upstream or downstream of the exhaust port of the exhaust side flow path merging section. Features.

この発明の前記気流管が、前記サンプリングエアの流れ方向の下流側が広がる広がり管を有し、該広がり管に前記吸気口及び前記排気口が設けられ、前記吸気口は、前記排気口より下流側に設けられていることを特徴とする。この発明の前記気流管が、オリフィスを備え、前記吸気口は前記オリフィスより前記サンプリングエアの流れ方向の上流側に設けられ、前記排気口は前記オリフィスより前記サンプリングエアの流れ方向の下流側に設けられていることを特徴とする。 The airflow pipe according to the present invention has a spreading pipe that extends downstream in the flow direction of the sampling air, and the suction pipe and the exhaust outlet are provided in the spreading pipe, and the suction inlet is downstream of the exhaust outlet. It is provided in . The airflow pipe of the present invention includes an orifice, the intake port is provided upstream of the orifice in the sampling air flow direction, and the exhaust port is provided downstream of the orifice in the sampling air flow direction. It is characterized by being.

この発明の吸気側流路分岐部の吸気口は、前記気流管内を流れるサンプリングエアの流れ方向に対して逆方向を向いている。例えば、粉塵等のように、煙粒子より重い粒子は、サンプリングエアの流れ方向の慣性力により、前記吸気口近傍において、急に流れ方向を変更できずに下流へ進む。そのため、前記吸気口から吸引される、サンプリングエアに混じって吸引される粉塵等は、きわめて少なくなるので、従来例に比べ、フィルタの清掃や交換などの回数を大幅に減らすことができる。   The intake port of the intake side flow path branching portion of the present invention is directed in the opposite direction to the flow direction of the sampling air flowing in the airflow pipe. For example, particles heavier than smoke particles, such as dust, proceed downstream without suddenly changing the flow direction in the vicinity of the inlet due to the inertial force in the flow direction of sampling air. For this reason, the amount of dust or the like sucked from the intake air and mixed with the sampling air is extremely small, so that the number of times of cleaning and replacement of the filter can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional example.

この発明の第１実施の形態を図１、図２により説明する。
図１に示す様に、煙感知器１には、暗箱２１を有する煙検出ユニット２と、該煙検出ユニット２に感知対象となる空気（サンプリングエア）ＳＡを送るファン３と、空気通路となる配管４と、煙検出ユニット２内に配設した発光素子１１と、フォトダイオード等の受光素子１２と、前記ファン３や空気の流量を測定するエアフローセンサ１３と、該エアフローセンサ１３に電源を供給する電源部１４と、受光素子１２に接続させた火災判別部１５と、を備えている。 A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the smoke detector 1 includes a smoke detection unit 2 having a dark box 21, a fan 3 for sending air (sampling air) SA to be detected to the smoke detection unit 2, and an air passage. The pipe 4, the light emitting element 11 disposed in the smoke detection unit 2, the light receiving element 12 such as a photodiode, the air flow sensor 13 for measuring the fan 3 and the air flow rate, and supplying power to the air flow sensor 13 And a fire discrimination unit 15 connected to the light receiving element 12.

煙検出ユニット２の暗箱２１の中央部には、検煙部２５が設けられ、該検煙部２５には前記配管４を通りフィルタ５で濾過されたサンプリングエアＳＡが導入される。２３は遮光部２２に設けた光トラップ、２４は集光レンズ、２６はアパーチャ、をそれぞれ示す。   A smoke detector 25 is provided at the center of the dark box 21 of the smoke detection unit 2, and sampling air SA filtered by the filter 5 through the pipe 4 is introduced into the smoke detector 25. Reference numeral 23 denotes an optical trap provided in the light shielding unit 22, 24 denotes a condenser lens, and 26 denotes an aperture.

なお、火災判別部１５は、受光素子１２の出力信号Ｓを増幅する増幅回路と、該増幅回路を検出レベルに変換するＡ／Ｄ変換器と、検出レベルが予め設定された閾値以上になった時に火災と判別する比較回路等を備え、総合的な制御はＣＰＵにより行われるようになっている。   The fire determination unit 15 has an amplification circuit that amplifies the output signal S of the light receiving element 12, an A / D converter that converts the amplification circuit to a detection level, and the detection level is equal to or higher than a preset threshold value. Comparing circuits and the like that sometimes discriminate fires are provided, and comprehensive control is performed by the CPU.

気流管Ｐのファン３の二次側には、ディフューザー部２０が設けられている。このディフューザー部２０は、下流側が広くなる、例えば、円錐などの略錐体をなす広がり管(拡散器)であり、基端部２０ａ側に排気側流路合流部３２が設けられ、又、前記排気側流路合流部３２より下流側にある、先端部２０ｂ側に吸気側流路分岐部３３が設けられている。   A diffuser portion 20 is provided on the secondary side of the fan 3 of the airflow pipe P. The diffuser part 20 is a spread pipe (diffuser) having a substantially conical shape such as a cone, which is widened on the downstream side, and is provided with an exhaust side flow path merging part 32 on the base end part 20a side. An intake-side channel branching portion 33 is provided on the distal end portion 20b side, which is downstream of the exhaust-side channel merging portion 32.

前記吸気側流路分岐部３３の吸気口３３ａは、Ｌ字状に曲がっている突出管３３ｐの先端部に形成されており、この突出管３３ｐの先端部は、気流管Ｐ内を流れるサンプリングエアＳＡの流れ方向Ｃに対して逆方向（下流側）を向いている。又、前記排気側流路合流部３２の排気口３２ａは、Ｌ字状に曲がっている突出管３２ｐの先端部に形成されており、この突出管３２ｐの先端部は、気流管Ｐ内を流れるサンプリングエアＳＡの流れ方向Ｃに対して逆方向（下流側）を向いている。従って、前記吸気口３３ａと前記排気口３２ａは、同方向を向いている。   The intake port 33a of the intake-side flow path branching portion 33 is formed at the distal end portion of a protruding tube 33p bent in an L shape, and the distal end portion of the protruding tube 33p is sampled air flowing in the airflow tube P. It faces in the reverse direction (downstream side) with respect to SA flow direction C. Further, the exhaust port 32a of the exhaust side flow path merging portion 32 is formed at the distal end portion of a protruding tube 32p bent in an L shape, and the distal end portion of the protruding tube 32p flows in the air flow tube P. It faces the reverse direction (downstream side) with respect to the flow direction C of the sampling air SA. Therefore, the intake port 33a and the exhaust port 32a face the same direction.

前記ファン３の二次側には、煙検出ユニット２の暗箱２１が設けられ、この暗箱２１の検煙部２５の流入口３３ｃは、フィルタ５を介して前記吸気側流路分岐部３３の吸気口３３ａに接続されて、又、その流出口３２ｃは前記排気側流路合流部３２の排気口３２ａに接続されている。   On the secondary side of the fan 3, a dark box 21 of the smoke detection unit 2 is provided, and an inlet 33 c of the smoke detection unit 25 of the dark box 21 passes through the filter 5 to intake air of the intake side flow path branching unit 33. The outlet 32c is connected to the outlet 33a, and the outlet 32c is connected to the outlet 32a of the exhaust-side flow path merging portion 32.

次に、本実施例の作動について説明する。
ファン３を駆動すると、監視空間の空気Ａはサンプリング管（図示省略）を介して気流管Ｐに吸い込まれ、ディフューザー部２０を通って排気されるが、この時、前記ディフューザー部２０内の排気側流路合流部３２における流速と吸気側流路分岐部３３における流速が異なるので、両部間に圧力差が発生する。 Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
When the fan 3 is driven, the air A in the monitoring space is sucked into the airflow pipe P through a sampling pipe (not shown) and exhausted through the diffuser section 20. At this time, the exhaust side in the diffuser section 20 Since the flow velocity in the flow path merging portion 32 and the flow velocity in the intake side flow passage branching portion 33 are different, a pressure difference is generated between the two portions.

この圧力差の発生によりディフューザー部２０内を流れるサンプリングエアＳＡに含まれる煙粒子は、吸気側流路分岐部３３の吸気口３３ａから吸引され、フィルタ５を通過して検煙部２５の流入口３３ｃに入り、発光素子１１のレーザ光に照射されて散乱光を発生させながら該検煙部２５内を進行し、流出口３２ｃから排気側流路合流部３２の排気口３３ａを通り、ディフューザー部２０内に戻される。   Smoke particles contained in the sampling air SA flowing in the diffuser unit 20 due to the generation of the pressure difference are sucked from the intake port 33a of the intake-side flow path branching unit 33, pass through the filter 5, and enter the inlet of the smoke detection unit 25. 33c enters the smoke detector 25 while being irradiated with the laser light of the light emitting element 11 to generate scattered light, and passes through the exhaust port 33a of the exhaust side flow passage merging portion 32 from the outlet 32c to the diffuser portion. 20 is returned.

前記気流管Ｐ内を流れるサンプリングエアＳＡ中には、粉塵等Ｆが含まれているが、該粉塵等Ｆは煙粒子よりも重いので、大きな流れ方向の慣性力を有して流下する。そのため、前記吸気口３３ａ近傍を通る粉塵等Ｆは、吸気口３３ａに吸引されるサンプリングエアＳＡに混じる軽量の煙粒子とは異なって、気流管４内を下流に進むため、吸気口３３ａから粉塵等Ｆの混入が無い、又は、きわめて少ないサンプリングエアＳＡを導入することができる。従って、フィルタ５に堆積する粉塵等Ｆは、従来例に比べ大幅に減少するので、該フィルタの清掃や交換を回数を少なくすることができる。   The sampling air SA flowing in the airflow pipe P contains dust and the like F. Since the dust and the like F is heavier than the smoke particles, it flows down with a large inertial force in the flow direction. Therefore, dust and the like F passing in the vicinity of the intake port 33a proceeds downstream in the airflow pipe 4 unlike the light smoke particles mixed in the sampling air SA sucked into the intake port 33a. Sampling air SA with no or very little F mixed in can be introduced. Accordingly, dust or the like F accumulated on the filter 5 is greatly reduced as compared with the conventional example, so that the frequency of cleaning and replacement of the filter can be reduced.

図３は、吸気側流路分岐部３３のIII−III断面図である。
吸気側流路分岐部３３の突出管３３Ｐは、Ｌ字状に形成され、その先端部の吸気口３３ａは、下流側を向いているが、該先端部は、サンプリングエアＳＡの流れ方向Ｃに対して真逆（軸心が流れ方向Ｃと一致）ではなく、角度α、例えば、１０°、だけ傾いている。この角度は、粉塵等Ｆの異物が混入するのを防止できる、異物侵入防止角度であり、角度β、γの範囲、例えば、０°（前記方向Ｃ一致）〜４５°の範囲で適宜選択される。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of the intake side flow path branching portion 33.
The protruding pipe 33P of the intake side flow path branching portion 33 is formed in an L shape, and the intake port 33a at the tip thereof faces the downstream side, but the tip is in the flow direction C of the sampling air SA. On the other hand, it is not true opposite (the axis is coincident with the flow direction C), but is inclined by an angle α, for example, 10 °. This angle is a foreign matter intrusion prevention angle that can prevent foreign matter such as dust from entering F, and is appropriately selected in the range of angles β and γ, for example, 0 ° (the direction C coincides) to 45 °. The

この発明の第２実施の形態を図４により説明するが、図１〜図３と同一図面符号は、その名称も機能も同一である。
この実施の形態と第１実施の形態との相違点は、次の通りである。
（１）差圧発生手段としてディフューザー部２０の代わりに、オリフィス３６を設けたこと。このオリフィス３６は、気流管Ｐの吸気側流路分岐部３３と排気側流路合流部３２との間に設けられている。
（２）吸気側流路分岐部３３を排気側流路合流部３２の下流側に設ける代わりに、その上流側に設けた。 A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4. The same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 have the same names and functions.
The differences between this embodiment and the first embodiment are as follows.
(1) An orifice 36 is provided instead of the diffuser unit 20 as a differential pressure generating means. The orifice 36 is provided between the intake side flow path branching section 33 and the exhaust side flow path joining section 32 of the airflow pipe P.
(2) Instead of providing the intake-side flow passage branching portion 33 on the downstream side of the exhaust-side flow passage merging portion 32, it is provided on the upstream side thereof.

この実施の形態では、気流管Ｐ内のサンプリングエアＳＡに混入している粉塵等Ｆは、その慣性力により主流の流れから逆方向へ方向転換することは難しい。そのため、吸気口３３ａへの粉塵等Ｆの混入を減少させるので、従来例に比べ、フィルタ寿命を延ばすことができると共に、粉塵等Ｆによる火災判別部の誤検出も減少する。   In this embodiment, it is difficult for the dust and the like F mixed in the sampling air SA in the airflow pipe P to change direction from the mainstream flow in the reverse direction due to its inertial force. For this reason, since mixing of dust and the like F into the intake port 33a is reduced, the filter life can be extended as compared with the conventional example, and erroneous detection of the fire discrimination unit due to dust and the like F is also reduced.

本発明の第１実施の形態を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention. 図１の要部を示す拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view which shows the principal part of FIG. 吸気側流路分岐部３３のIII-III線断面図である。3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of an intake side flow path branching section 33. 本発明の第２実施の形態を示す正面拡大断面図で、図２に相当する図である。It is a front expanded sectional view which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure equivalent to FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

３２ 排気側流路合流部
３２ａ 排気口
３２ｃ 流出口
３３ 吸気側流路分岐部
３３ａ 吸気口
３３ｃ 流入口
３３ｐ 吸気側流路分岐部の突出管
Ｃ サンプリングエアの流れ方向
Ｆ 粉塵等
Ｐ 気流管
ＳＡ サンプリングエア 32 Exhaust side flow path confluence 32a Exhaust port 32c Outlet 33 Intake side flow path branch 33a Inlet port
33c Inlet 33p Protruding pipe at intake side flow path branching section C Sampling air flow direction F Dust etc. P Airflow pipe SA Sampling air

Claims (3)

流入口と流出口とを有する検煙部と、監視空間に敷設されたサンプリング管と、該サンプリング管に連結された気流管と、前記気流管に設けられ、前記検煙部の流入口に連結された吸気側流路分岐部と、前検煙部の流出口に連結された排気側流路合流部と、を備えた煙感知器において、
前記吸気側流路分岐部の吸気口及び前記排気側流路合流部の排気口は、前記気流管内を流れるサンプリングエアの流れ方向に対して逆方向を向いており、
前記吸気口は、前記サンプリングエアの流れ方向に対して０°〜４５°の範囲内で逆方向を向いていており、
前記吸気側流路分岐部の吸気口は、排気側流路合流部の排気口の上流側、又は、下流側に設けられていることを特徴とする煙感知器。 A smoke detector having an inlet and an outlet, a sampling pipe laid in the monitoring space, an airflow pipe connected to the sampling pipe, and provided in the airflow pipe and connected to an inlet of the smoke detector In the smoke detector comprising the intake-side flow path branching section and the exhaust-side flow path joining section connected to the outlet of the previous smoke detection section ,
The intake port of the intake side flow path branching section and the exhaust port of the exhaust side flow path merging section are directed in the opposite direction to the flow direction of sampling air flowing in the airflow pipe ,
The intake port faces in the reverse direction within a range of 0 ° to 45 ° with respect to the flow direction of the sampling air,
The smoke detector, wherein an intake port of the intake side flow path branching portion is provided on the upstream side or the downstream side of the exhaust port of the exhaust side flow path joining portion . 前記気流管が、前記サンプリングエアの流れ方向の下流側が広がる広がり管を有し、
該広がり管に前記吸気口及び前記排気口が設けられ、
前記吸気口は、前記排気口より下流側に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の煙感知器。 The airflow pipe has a spreading pipe extending downstream in the flow direction of the sampling air;
The air inlet and the air outlet are provided in the spreading pipe,
The smoke detector according to claim 1 , wherein the intake port is provided downstream of the exhaust port . 前記気流管が、オリフィスを備え、
前記吸気口は前記オリフィスより前記サンプリングエアの流れ方向の上流側に設けられ、
前記排気口は前記オリフィスより前記サンプリングエアの流れ方向の下流側に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の煙感知器。 The airflow tube comprises an orifice;
The intake port is provided upstream of the orifice in the sampling air flow direction,
The smoke detector according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust port is provided downstream of the orifice in the flow direction of the sampling air .
JP2008073492A 2008-03-21 2008-03-21 smoke detector Expired - Fee Related JP5009208B2 (en)

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KR1020090011302A KR101529735B1 (en) 2008-03-21 2009-02-12 Smoke sensing device
CN2011101040341A CN102176273A (en) 2008-03-21 2009-03-04 Smoke detector
CN2009101181380A CN101540088B (en) 2008-03-21 2009-03-04 Smoke detector
CN201110104049.8A CN102243797B (en) 2008-03-21 2009-03-04 smoke detector
AU2009200921A AU2009200921B2 (en) 2008-03-21 2009-03-10 Smoke detector
US12/382,390 US8089366B2 (en) 2008-03-21 2009-03-16 Smoke detector
EP20100005736 EP2221787B1 (en) 2008-03-21 2009-03-20 Smoke detector
EP20090250784 EP2112638B1 (en) 2008-03-21 2009-03-20 Smoke detector
TW98109176A TWI437514B (en) 2008-03-21 2009-03-20 Smoke sensor
US13/089,730 US8106785B2 (en) 2008-03-21 2011-04-19 Smoke detector
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