JP5009138B2 - Magnetic levitation mechanism - Google Patents

Description

    The present invention relates to an induction repulsion type magnetic levitation mechanism capable of improving the levitation force of a levitating vehicle (vehicle body).

Conventionally, as this type of induction repulsion type magnetic levitation mechanism, a technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 below is known. The magnetic levitation mechanism disclosed in this publication includes a track having side walls on both sides and forming a U-shaped groove between the side walls, a levitating vehicle that travels along the U-shaped groove of the track, and the levitated vehicle Superconducting magnets provided on both sides of the levitation body, and a plurality of levitation guide and electric coils arranged to face the superconducting magnet of the levitation traveling body inside the side wall of the track and to be along the traveling direction of the levitation traveling body, The levitation force is generated in the levitation traveling body by the induced current generated between the levitation guide / electric coil. Further, each levitation guide and electric coil is mounted on the both side walls of the track two above and below, and the ends of the windings are electrically connected, and the levitation traveling body travels. In this case, the levitation traveling body is formed only by the levitation guide / electric coil attached to the side wall surface by the mutual cancellation of the magnetic flux generated by the magnet on the levitation traveling body and the voltage generated by passing through the levitation guide / electric coil. Levitation and travel guidance.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-55003

By the way, in the magnetic levitation mechanism shown in the above publication, the levitation force is applied to the levitation traveling body in the track by the levitation guide electric coil. Since all the levitation is performed by the levitation force obtained from the coil, there is a problem that the levitation guide / electric coil is burdened and the durability of the coil is lowered. In addition, when a current flows through the levitation guide / electric coil, the coil is heated more than necessary, resulting in a temperature rise, and there is a problem that extra resistance is generated with respect to the levitation traveling body.
In addition, the above-described electric coil serving as a levitation guide is burdened, reducing the durability of the coil, and the coil is heated more than necessary, resulting in an increase in temperature, and extra resistance to traveling of the levitation body. When solving the problem of occurrence, it is preferable that it can be realized at as low a cost as possible, and further reduction in running resistance can be realized.
Furthermore, in this type of magnetic levitation vehicle, when a multi-track section is assumed, there is a concern that the magnetic field on the opposite lane side may affect the levitation vehicle on the other adjacent lane side.

The present invention is intended to solve the conventional problems, and the load of the levitating coil for levitating the traveling body is additionally provided by additionally providing a levitating force by a magnetic body provided on the side wall of the track. It is an object of the present invention to provide a magnetic levitation mechanism that can reduce the above.
In addition, the present invention realizes reduction of the load of the levitating coil for levitating the traveling body at as low a cost as possible, achieves levitation force assistance, and reduces the influence of the magnetic field on the opposite lane side in the double-track section. An object of the present invention is to provide a shaft levitation mechanism that can be eliminated.

And in order to achieve the said objective, in the problem-solving means of this invention, the track which has a side wall on both sides and forms a U-shaped groove between these side walls, and the floating traveling body which travels along the U-shaped groove of this track A superconducting magnet provided on both sides of the levitation traveling body, a levitation coil disposed to face the superconducting magnet of the levitation traveling body inside the side wall of the track and to be along the traveling direction of the levitation traveling body, and a magnetic levitation mechanism having a propulsion coils, and the upper position of the upper and and propulsion coil and the floating coil of a side wall of the track, by generating a suction force between the superconducting magnet of the floating traveling body A magnetic body for applying a levitation force to the levitating traveling body is continuously disposed along the entire length of the side wall along the traveling direction of the levitating traveling body, and the magnetic body is an iron wire in which a plurality of iron wires are covered with an insulator. that is formed by flux And butterflies.

The problem solving means of the present invention is characterized in that the iron wire bundle is disposed immediately above the floating coil .

  In the magnetic levitation mechanism of the present invention, a magnetic body that generates an attractive force between the superconducting magnet and the superconducting magnet is disposed above the levitation coil and above the levitation coil so as to follow the traveling direction of the levitation traveling body. The levitation force on the levitation body can be additionally increased by the attractive force generated by the magnetic body. This has the effect of reducing the load of the levitation coil for levitating the traveling body, reducing the durability of the levitation coil, and preventing the levitation coil from being heated more than necessary and causing resistance.

  Further, in the magnetic levitation mechanism of the present invention, the magnetic body is constituted by the iron wire bundle formed by covering the periphery of the plurality of iron wires with the insulator, so that the eddy current generated by the magnetic flux in the iron wire bundle is limited to each iron wire. Since the eddy current flowing between the plurality of iron wires is suppressed, it is possible to efficiently generate the absorbing power between the magnetic body and the superconducting magnet without causing an excessive magnetic drag. . Moreover, since the iron wires are individually covered with the insulator, an antirust effect on the iron wires can also be obtained.

  In the magnetic levitation mechanism of the present invention, a prestressed steel wire in which a plurality of iron wires are twisted and forms a reinforcing bar on the side wall of the track can be used as a magnetic body. That is, the prestressed steel wire that forms the reinforcing bars on the side walls of the track is also used as a magnetic body that gives auxiliary levitation force to the levitation body, thereby simplifying the overall structure. It becomes possible.

In the magnetic levitation mechanism of the present invention, the magnetic body is formed by the laminated iron core formed by laminating a plurality of magnetic substrates via the non-magnetic layer, so that the iron wire bundle formed by covering the periphery of the plurality of iron wires with an insulator. As a result, the object can be achieved at a lower cost than when a magnetic material is formed. That is, it is easier to manufacture by laminating a magnetic substrate and a nonmagnetic material layer, and it can be provided at a lower cost than manufacturing by individually insulating and twisting each iron wire.
Also, when a magnetic body is constituted by a laminated iron core, the surface direction of the magnetic substrate and the nonmagnetic layer is aligned with the traveling direction of the levitating traveling body, and the laminated body is disposed on the side wall with the lamination direction facing the thickness direction of the side wall. By doing so, even if a magnetic substrate is used, the necessary attraction force can be efficiently generated while the eddy current loss is suppressed, and the object can be achieved. That is, even when the magnetic field from the superconducting magnet of the levitating traveling body acts on the laminated core, the magnetic field component entering the laminated surface can be made as small as possible, so that the object can be achieved while reducing the eddy current loss.

  In addition, a guide roller that is rotatable about a vertical axis and that contacts the inner surface of the side wall of the track is provided on a side portion of the levitating traveling body. In the present invention, the guide rail is made of a magnetic material. In other words, in the present invention, the magnetic body is also used as the guide rail, which makes it possible to simplify the overall structure as described above.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a magnetic levitation mechanism according to the present invention. In this figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a track. The track 1 has side walls 2 on both sides, and U-shaped grooves 3 are formed between the side walls 2, and the levitating traveling body 4 travels along the U-shaped grooves 3 of the track 1 (FIG. 1). Then run in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface). The levitation traveling body 4 includes a carriage 5 and a vehicle body 7 connected to the carriage 5 via an air spring 6 above the carriage 5. Wheels (not shown) and auxiliary wheels (not shown) that travel on the wheel travel path 3A are provided.

  Superconducting magnets 8 are provided on both sides of the floating traveling body 4. The levitation traveling body 4 is provided with a helium tank for supplying helium to the superconducting magnet 8, which is omitted in the drawing. On the other hand, a levitation coil 10 and a propulsion coil 11 are provided inside the side wall 2 of the track 1 so as to face the superconducting magnet 8 of the levitation traveling body 4 and to follow the traveling direction of the levitation traveling body 4. The levitation coil 10 is arranged vertically on the side wall 2, and generates an attractive force with the superconducting magnet 8, and the levitation traveling body 4 in the U-shaped groove 3 of the track 1 is generated from this attractive force. Generate a levitating force to levitate. Further, the propulsion coil 11 provides a propulsive force that causes the levitation traveling body 4 that has levitated in the U-shaped groove 3 to travel along the track 1. The levitation coil 10 and the propulsion coil 11 are described in detail in JP-B-8-205315, JP-A-2006-14420, and the like in addition to Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-55003 shown in “Background Art”. It is. Further, in this embodiment, the levitation coil 10 and the propulsion coil 11 are separated, but an integral type as shown in Patent Document 1 of the background art may be used.

  On the other hand, a magnetic body (magnetic linear body) that generates an attractive force with the superconducting magnet 8 along the traveling direction of the levitating traveling body 4 at the position above the side wall 2 of the track 1 and directly above the levitating coil 10. ) 12 is arranged. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the magnetic linear body 12 is formed by an iron wire bundle formed by covering a plurality of iron wires 13 with an insulator 14. Forms a magnetic flux as indicated by an arrow A, and this magnetic flux generates an attractive force (indicated by reference numeral B in FIG. 1) as a levitation force for levitation of the levitating body 4 with the superconducting magnet 8. To do. Moreover, in such a magnetic linear body 12, since the insulator 14 which coat | covered the circumference | surroundings of the some iron wire 13 is provided, even if an eddy current as shown by the code | symbol C in FIG. 2 generate | occur | produces, these iron wires Since the eddy current generated by the magnetic flux in the bundle is limited to the individual iron wires 13 and the eddy current flowing between the plurality of iron wires 13 is suppressed, it does not cause an excessive magnetic drag, thereby generating a magnetic linear shape. Absorption power can be efficiently generated between the body and the superconducting magnet.

In the magnetic levitation mechanism shown in the present embodiment described in detail above, between the superconducting magnet 8 so as to be along the traveling direction of the levitation traveling body 4 at the position above the side wall 2 of the track 1 and directly above the levitation coil 10. Since the magnetic linear body 12 that generates the attraction force is disposed, the attraction force generated by the magnetic linear body 12 can additionally increase the levitation force with respect to the levitation traveling body 4.
As a result, the load of the levitation coil 10 for levitating the traveling body 4 is reduced, the durability is reduced due to excessive use of the levitation coil 10, and the levitation coil 10 is heated more than necessary to generate running resistance. There is an effect that can be prevented.
In the above magnetic levitation mechanism, the magnetic linear body 12 is constituted by the iron wire bundle formed by covering the periphery of the plurality of iron wires 13 with the insulator 14, so that the eddy current generated by the magnetic flux in the iron wire bundle is caused by the individual iron wires. Since the eddy current flowing across the plurality of iron wires 13 is suppressed, the absorption power is reduced between the magnetic linear body and the superconducting magnet without causing an excessive magnetic drag. Can be generated efficiently.

  The magnetic linear body 12 disposed above the levitation coil 10 has a position above the levitation coil 10 and a position close to the levitation coil 10 (ie, a position immediately above) in order to increase the additional levitation force as much as possible. It is preferable to install it at a position close to the superconducting magnet 8.

  Further, the magnetic wire 12 is not made of an iron wire bundle in which the periphery of the plurality of iron wires 13 described above is covered with an insulator 14, and the reinforcing bars in the concrete forming the side walls 2 of the track 1 are magnetized. The magnetic linear body 12 may be used as the above-described magnetic linear body 12, and an additional levitation force may be applied to the levitation traveling body 4 by such a magnetic linear body 12. Further, when a reinforcing bar forming the side wall 2 of the track 1 is used, a prestressed steel wire that prestresses (compresses) the side wall 2 by twisting a plurality of iron wires is used as the reinforcing bar. You may do it. That is, the rebar in the side wall 2 of the track 1 is also used as the magnetic linear body 12 that gives an auxiliary levitation force to the levitation traveling body 4, thereby making the configuration common and simplifying the entire structure. Can do.

Further, the magnetic linear body described above is not limited to the use of an iron wire bundle in which the periphery of the plurality of iron wires 13 is covered with the insulator 14 or the reinforcing bar of the side wall 2 of the track 1. A guide rail 20 having the structure shown in FIG. 3 provided on the inner surface of the levitation body 4 along the traveling direction of the floating traveling body 4 may be used.
As shown in FIG. 3, the guide rail 20 is in contact with a guide roller 22 that is rotatable about a vertical shaft 21 on the side of the floating traveling body 4. For example, 22 is performed when the floating traveling body 4 swings in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction. And such a guide rail 20 is comprised with a magnetic body, ie, by providing the guide rail 20 which consists of a linear magnetic body which contacts the guide roller 22 of the levitating traveling body 4 on the inner surface of the side wall 2 of the track 1. In addition, it is possible to share the structure of the means for additionally providing the levitation force with the rail of the guide roller 22, and it is possible to simplify the overall structure as described above.

  Further, the magnetic linear body 12 arranged along the side wall 2 has a break at the joint portion of the side wall 2, and the auxiliary levitation force is weakened at this portion, and the traveling levitation body 4 is vibrated. In order to prevent this, it is preferable to provide a magnetic force generator for additionally applying a magnetic force to such a joint portion, and continuously maintain the levitation force.

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view showing an example in which a magnetic body 30 made of a laminated core is provided in place of the magnetic linear body (magnetic body) 12 in the magnetic levitation mechanism in the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the magnetic body 30 partially enlarged. In the magnetic levitation mechanism of the form shown in FIG. 4, the same components as those of the magnetic levitation mechanism shown in FIG.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of magnetic substrates 31 are laminated via a non-magnetic layer 32 such as a resin to serve as a flux barrier as a laminated iron core 30 in a portion where the magnetic linear body 12 is provided. It has a feature in that an iron core having a laminated structure is used.
The magnetic substrate 31 of the laminated core 30 is made of a ferromagnetic substrate powder made of an iron plate, a silicon steel plate, or a magnetic substrate made of an Fe-based ferromagnetic alloy material, or a ferromagnetic alloy powder coated with an insulating layer. It is formed from a magnetic substrate made of a sintered material obtained by sintering a composite. In addition, it is preferable to apply a magnetic material having a high saturation magnetic flux density, a low hysteresis loss, and a low electrical conductivity, as a material constituting the magnetic substrate 31.
The nonmagnetic layer 32 to be the flux barrier is preferably a magnetic insulating layer made of an insulating nonmagnetic substrate such as a resin. For this purpose, a resin having high strength and excellent insulating properties, such as FRP (glass fiber reinforced resin), is preferable. In addition to this, among iron-based alloy materials, a material made of a non-magnetic material, etc. It is preferable to be made of a material having a linear expansion coefficient close to that of the magnetic material.

By providing the laminated iron core 30 shown in this form instead of the magnetic linear body 12 of the previous form, the attraction that becomes the levitation force for levitating the levitation traveling body 4 between the superconducting magnet 8 is provided as in the previous form. A force (indicated by symbol B in FIG. 4) can be generated, and an effect equivalent to that of the previous embodiment can be obtained.
Further, in this embodiment, the magnetic substrate 31 and the nonmagnetic layer 32 having a laminated structure have their surfaces set in the vertical direction (vertical direction) and their surface directions are directed in the traveling direction of the carriage 5, and the thickness direction of the side wall 2 is increased. It is preferable to orient the lamination direction of the magnetic substrate 31 and the nonmagnetic layer 32 in the direction of sleepers. (Refer to the enlarged view and direction of the laminated core 30 indicated by the arrows in FIG.
In consideration of the fact that the magnetic field from the superconducting magnet 8 acts on the laminated core 30 of FIG. 4 as indicated by the arrow E, the surface direction of the magnetic substrate 31 is aligned along the magnetic field E. This is because eddy current loss hardly occurs. On the other hand, when the stacking direction is perpendicular to the stacking direction with respect to FIG. 4, in other words, when the stacking direction is upward and downward, the magnetic substrate 31 and the nonmagnetic material are aligned along the direction of the magnetic field E. Since the area where the layers 32 are alternately present becomes large, in other words, the magnetic field component perpendicular to the laminated surface becomes large, which may increase eddy current loss.
Further, if the magnetic substrate is made of a sintered material obtained by sintering a ferromagnetic powder composite formed by coating a ferromagnetic alloy powder with an insulating layer, the ferromagnetic alloy powder itself is individually separated by an insulating layer. Since it is covered and eddy current loss can be reduced, it is preferable in terms of reduction of eddy current loss.

  Furthermore, when the magnetic levitation mechanism in which the magnetic bodies 12 and 30 employed in each of the above-described embodiments are arranged as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, assuming a double-track section, the superconductivity of the host vehicle is adjacent to the adjacent section. When the magnetic field of the magnet 8 is about to act, the magnetic bodies 12 and 30 have the effect of a magnetic shield. Therefore, in the double track section, it is possible to reduce the possibility of applying an unnecessary magnetic field to the oncoming vehicle in the adjacent section. Have.

As shown in FIG. 5, with respect to the superconducting magnet 8 arranged upright with a vertical width of 500 mm, where X is the vehicle traveling direction, Y is the width direction of the track, and Z is the vertical direction, the superconducting magnet 8 is separated from the superconducting magnet 8 by 160 mm in the Y direction. An oncoming vehicle window side magnetic field was simulated when a magnetic body having an aspect ratio of 2 (a magnetic body set to have a height of 125 mm, a width of 250 mm, and an infinite depth in FIG. 5) was placed 530 mm higher than the center height of the magnet 8. Here, the structure of the magnetic body is a massive iron core having zero electrical conductivity.
The oncoming vehicle window side magnetic field refers to the levitating vehicle 4 in the other shaded section at a position 5.8 m away from the levitating vehicle 4 having the superconducting magnet 8 shown in FIG. 5 as shown in FIGS. FIG. 6 shows the result of calculating the magnetic field strength at a position of 4.3 m in the Y direction and 0.5 m to 2.5 m in the Z direction, assuming that the center of 4 is located. In the levitation vehicle 4, the outer shell 4a of the vehicle is made of an Al alloy, and the structure in which the shield member 4b made of Fe is arranged so as to surround the passenger cabin is schematically shown in FIG. The relative position of the magnet 8 is also shown.
As shown in FIG. 6, the results are obtained when magnetic bodies are provided at a total of four locations, two on the side wall (guideway) of the host vehicle and two on the opposite vehicle side wall.
As shown in FIG. 6, the strength of the oncoming vehicle window side magnetic field when the magnetic material is provided is about ½ of the magnetic field strength when the magnetic material is not provided.
From this, it was found that by installing the magnetic body according to the present invention on the side wall, the influence of the magnetic field on the vehicle existing in the other lane section adjacent in the two lane section can be reduced to about ½. .

Next, FIG. 9 shows the result of displaying the magnetic flux distribution state at the center position in the guide direction in the magnetic body in the magnetic flux density direction for the bulk iron core having zero electrical conductivity as shown in FIG.
From the results shown in FIG. 9, the magnetic flux density in the vertical direction (Bz component) is large next to the traveling direction magnetic field (Bx component). Therefore, in FIG. 9, from the viewpoint of reducing the eddy current loss, it is desirable that the arrangement “the perpendicular to the laminated surface matches the sleeper direction” shown in FIG.

The front view which shows the outline of the magnetic levitation mechanism concerning this invention. The figure which shows the specific structure of the magnetic linear body 12. FIG. The schematic front view which shows the other form of the magnetic linear body of a magnetic levitation mechanism. The front view which shows the 2nd example of the magnetic levitation mechanism concerning this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the test conditions of the magnetic field measurement performed in the Example. The figure which shows the calculation result of the magnetic shielding effect calculated on the conditions shown in FIG. The top view for demonstrating a lane area on the conditions measured in the Example. Explanatory drawing which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between an oncoming vehicle position and a magnetic body along X direction, Y direction, and Z direction in order to demonstrate the measurement conditions. The figure which shows the calculation result of the magnetic flux density distribution inside the magnetic body in alignment with 3 directions inside a magnetic body.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Track, 2 ... Side wall, 3 ... U-shaped groove, 4 ... Levitation running body, 8 ... Superconducting magnet, 10 ... Levitation coil, 11 ... Propulsion coil, 12 ... Magnetic linear body (magnetic body), 13 ... Iron wire, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14 ... Insulator, 20 ... Guide rail (magnetic linear body), 22 ... Guide roller, 30 ... Magnetic body, 31 ... Magnetic substrate, 32 ... Non-magnetic substrate

Claims (2)

A track having side walls on both sides and forming a U-shaped groove between the side walls, a floating traveling body that travels along the U-shaped groove of the track, a superconducting magnet provided on both sides of the floating traveling body, A magnetic levitation mechanism having a levitation coil and a propulsion coil arranged to face the superconducting magnet of the levitation traveling body inside the side wall of the track and to be along the traveling direction of the levitation traveling body,
At the upper part of the side wall of the track and above the levitation coil, an attraction force is generated between the levitation traveling body and the superconducting magnet so as to follow the traveling direction of the levitation traveling body, thereby the levitation traveling body. A magnetic body that causes levitation force to act on is continuously disposed over the entire length of the side wall along the traveling direction of the levitation traveling body, and the magnetic body is formed by an iron wire bundle in which a plurality of iron wires are covered with an insulator. A magnetic levitation mechanism characterized by that. The magnetic levitation mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the iron wire bundle is disposed immediately above the levitation coil .

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