JP5002191B2 - Building transmitted light adjustment device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a transmitted light adjusting device for a building which is arranged inside a transparent roofing material or the like of a building and can adjust the amount of transmitted light such as solar radiation.

  As a covering material that defines the outer surface of the building, such as roofing materials, an architectural structure called a pneumatic panel, in which the periphery of two membrane materials is hermetically held by a frame and air is sealed in the interior space Panels are known.

  FIG. 7 shows this type of panel, in which air is enclosed between two rectangular film materials 1a made of a transparent plastic film material such as an ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) film. The membrane panel 1 having a double membrane structure and an outer peripheral frame 2 that hermetically holds the peripheral edge of the membrane panel 1 are provided. Here, an air supply port 3 is provided at a corner of the membrane material 1a, and a duct 5 from the blower 4 is connected to the air supply port 3. By opening and closing the switching valve 6, air is appropriately introduced into the interior. Is to be sent.

In addition, as what improved the panel which consists of the said structure, the pneumatic panel which the present inventors etc. proposed in following patent document 1 is known, for example.
By the way, in the panel using the film material 1a made of such a transparent film material, all the sunlight is irradiated in the building especially in a period exposed to strong solar radiation such as summer. Therefore, it is necessary to install a light shielding louver or the like separately.

Therefore, a panel capable of adjusting the amount of transmitted light as seen in Non-Patent Document 1 has been proposed.
FIG. 8 shows a panel disclosed in the above-mentioned document. In this panel, an intermediate film material 7b having light transmittance is similarly interposed between two upper and lower film materials 7a having light transmittance. The light-shielding pattern 8a is formed in a half area of the upper film material 7a, and the light-shielding pattern 8b is formed in a half area of the intermediate film material 7b so as to be misplaced with the upper film material 7a. is there.

According to the above panel, as shown in FIG. 8A, by supplying air to the internal space 9a between the upper film material 7a and the intermediate film material 7b, the upper film material 7a and the intermediate film material which are separated from each other. The building can be irradiated with sunlight through the light shielding patterns 8a and 8b of 7b. Further, during a period of strong solar radiation, as shown in FIG. 8B, air in the internal space 9a is exhausted and air is supplied to the internal space 9b between the intermediate film material 7b and the lower film material 7a. By doing so, there is an advantage that a desired light shielding property can be obtained by covering the entire area of the panel with the light shielding patterns 8a and 8b of the upper film material 7a and the intermediate film material 7b.
JP 2006-63623 A IL11 (1978), a technical magazine published by the Institute for Lightweight Structure at the University of Stuttgart, Germany

However, since the panels shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 both use a film material that is inferior in fire resistance although having flexibility such as ETFE as an outer covering material such as a roof, fire resistance performance is ensured. There was a problem that it was not possible.
In addition, there is a problem that the cooling load in the building becomes high because the air in the panel becomes high temperature in summer or during the day when the sunlight is strong. In addition, when raining, raindrops hit the membrane material, which causes a drawback that amplified noise is generated inside the building.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and can easily adjust the amount of light irradiated from the jacket material into the building, can reduce the heat load in the building, and is fireproof. It is an object of the present invention to provide a transmitted light adjusting structure for a building that can enhance sound insulation.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is made of a material having a light transmission property, and an outer cover material defining an outer surface of a building, and a predetermined interval along the inner side of the outer cover material. An outer membrane material disposed along the inner side of the outer membrane material, and an inner membrane material whose peripheral portion is hermetically integrated with the outer membrane material, and the outer jacket material. A ventilation means capable of ventilating a space between the outer membrane material and the outer membrane material, and a first air supply / exhaust pipe that communicates with the inner space between the outer membrane material and the inner membrane material to supply or exhaust air A first air supply / exhaust means capable of pressurizing and depressurizing the internal space, and the outer film material and the inner film material have a first pattern that transmits light and suppresses light transmission. and the second pattern are in the form on Irechigai each other of the membrane surface, between the outer covering material and the outer film material A partition member that defines a space between the two and the ventilation means are provided on the partition member, and an on-off valve that allows air inside and outside the space to circulate; Or it has the 2nd air supply / exhaust pipe which exhausts, and has the 2nd air supply / exhaust means which can pressurize and depressurize the space .

Furthermore, the invention described in claim 2 is the invention described in claim 1 , wherein the first and second air supply / exhaust means have a common air supply / exhaust device, and the air supply / exhaust device is connected. A first port; a second port to which the first air supply / exhaust pipe is connected; a third port to which the second air supply / exhaust pipe is connected; and a fourth port communicating to the outside via an on-off valve The first port communicates with the second port and / or the third port by rotating the internal valve body, and the fourth port communicates with the third port and / or the second port at the same time. It is characterized by having a four-way valve.

According to the invention described in claim 1 or 2, when air is supplied by the first air supply / exhaust means to the internal space between the outer membrane material and the inner membrane material arranged inside the jacket material of the building, When the interior space is pressurized, the two are separated from each other, and external light such as solar radiation is irradiated into the building through the first pattern that suppresses the transmission of light from each other. When the external light such as solar radiation is too strong, the air in the inner space between the outer membrane material and the inner membrane material is exhausted by the first air supply / exhaust means. As a result, the outer membrane material and the inner membrane material are overlapped and put on each other's membrane surface, that is, the second pattern formed in the reverse pattern shape covers a wide area of the membrane surface. Irradiation of light into the inside can be suppressed.

At this time, the space between the jacket material and the outer membrane material is ventilated by the ventilation means, so that the air heated by the above-mentioned solar radiation does not stay in the building, and thus the heat load in the building. Can be reduced.
In addition, in the present invention, since the outer membrane material and the inner membrane material are disposed inside the jacket material of the building, they can be easily applied not only to newly built buildings but also to existing buildings. can do.

  In addition, since various materials can be selected as an exterior material as long as it has light transmissivity, it is possible to easily ensure a desired fire resistance, and the outer jacket material and the outer membrane material. Since an air layer is formed between them, sound insulation can be improved. In particular, if a sound absorbing material is separately disposed between the jacket material and the outer membrane material, it is possible to suppress the generation of noise during rain.

Further, the partition member defining the space between the upper Kigai covering material and the outer film material is provided, the space to have provided the pressure and vacuum available second supply and exhaust means, the By pressurizing or depressurizing the space by the second air supply / exhaust means, the inner film material and the inner film material are overlapped simply by opening the inner space between the outer film material and the inner film material to the outside. And the irradiation of light into the building can be suppressed more easily.

Further, according to the invention described in claim 2 , by switching the four-way valve as appropriate, it is common to the space between the jacket material and the outer membrane material and the inner space between the outer membrane material and the inner membrane material. By operating this air supply / exhaust device, the transmitted light into the building can be adjusted, the control becomes easy, and the facility can be simplified, so that it is excellent in economy.

(First embodiment)
1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a transmitted light adjusting structure for a building according to the present invention, and reference numeral 10 in the drawing denotes a roofing material (outer covering material) of the building.
The roofing material 10 is made of a material having light transmission properties such as a glass plate and excellent in fire resistance, and is installed on an upper beam of a building (not shown). A pneumatic panel 11 is installed below the roof material 10 at a predetermined interval.

  In this pneumatic panel 11, an outer film material 11a and an inner film material 11b, which are formed of a transparent plastic film material such as ETFE and formed in a rectangular shape, are hermetically integrated at the periphery of each other. As a result, an internal space 13 is formed between the outer membrane material 11a and the inner membrane material 11b.

  Here, on the outer film material 11a and the inner film material 11b, a large number of light-shielding patterns (second patterns) 14a and 14b are formed by applying or printing a light-shielding paint. Incidentally, the light-shielding patterns 14a and 14b formed on the outer film material 11a and the inner film material 11b are misplaced in a plan view on the film surfaces of each other, that is, in an inverted pattern and cover the entire surface of the pneumatic panel 11 as a whole. It is formed to cover. As a result, patterns (first patterns) 15a and 15b are formed between the light shielding patterns 14a of the outer film material 11a and between the light shielding patterns 14b of the inner film material 11b. .

  In addition, a partition wall (partition member) 16 is provided between the roof material 10 and the outer peripheral frame 12 of the pneumatic panel 11 to hermetically partition the roof material 10 and the outer membrane material 11a. A closed space 17 is formed between the roof material 10 and the outer membrane material 11a. Here, an opening / closing damper (opening / closing valve) 18 is provided in one partition wall 16, and one end of a supply / exhaust pipe (second supply / exhaust pipe) 19 is connected to the partition wall 16 opposed thereto. The other end of the air supply / exhaust pipe 19 is connected to an air supply / exhaust device 20 such as an air supply / exhaust fan capable of forward and reverse rotation. The open / close damper 18, the air supply / exhaust pipe 19, the air supply / exhaust device 20, etc. constitute a ventilation means and a second air supply / exhaust means for the space 17.

  On the other hand, the inner membrane material 11b of the pneumatic panel 11 is provided with a supply / exhaust pipe (first supply / exhaust) from a supply / exhaust device 21 such as a supply / exhaust fan capable of supplying and exhausting air in the internal space 13 that can supply and exhaust air. Tube) 22 is connected to the vicinity of the outer peripheral frame 12. The air supply / exhaust pipe 22 and the air supply / exhaust device 21 constitute a first air supply / exhaust means for the internal space 13.

Next, the function and effect of the transmitted light adjusting structure for a building having the above configuration will be described.
First, when it is desired to incorporate a large amount of solar radiation in the building, as shown in FIG. 1A, the air supply / exhaust device 21 is operated to the air supply side, and the outer membrane material 11a and inner membrane of the pneumatic panel 11 are operated. Air is supplied to the internal space 13 with the material 11b. Then, when the inside space 13 is pressurized, the outer membrane material 11a and the inner membrane material 11b are separated from each other, and thereby, sunlight is irradiated into the building through the patterns 15a and 15b that suppress the mutual light transmission. Is done.

In parallel with this, the opening / closing damper 18 provided in the partition wall 16 between the roof material 10 and the outer membrane material 11a is opened, and the air supply / exhaust device 20 is operated to the exhaust side, so that the air in the space 17 is Is exhausted in a state of static pressure (more precisely, a slight negative pressure).
Thereby, the air which became high temperature by the said solar radiation does not stay in a building, Therefore The heat load in a building can be reduced.

  On the other hand, when the solar radiation is too strong, such as during the daytime in summer, first, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the open / close damper 18 that allowed the inflow of outside air into the space 17 is closed, By operating the air supply / exhaust device 20 to the air supply side, air is sent into the space 17 to be pressurized. In parallel with this, the air supply / exhaust pipe 22 is opened, or the air supply / exhaust device 21 is operated to the exhaust side to exhaust the air in the internal space 13 of the pneumatic panel 11.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 1C, the space 17 is finally maintained in a pressurized state, and the outer film material 11a and the inner film material 11b of the pneumatic panel 11 are overlapped with each other. The light-shielding patterns 14a and 14b, which are formed in a different manner on the film surface, cover almost the entire area of the film surface, so that the solar radiation in the building is shielded from light. In this state, if the open / close damper 18 is opened while the air supply / exhaust device 20 is operated to the air supply side, the space 17 between the roof material 10 and the outer membrane material 11a can be ventilated.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the air supply / exhaust device 21 is operated to the exhaust side to keep the internal space of the pneumatic panel 11 at a negative pressure, the open / close damper 18 is closed, and the air supply / exhaust device 20 is When operated to the exhaust side, the space 17 is depressurized, so that the pneumatic panel 11 remains in the above-mentioned solar radiation, and conversely, upwardly convex, that is, when viewed from the interior of the building. It becomes a concave shape. As a result, it is possible to reduce the feeling of pressure caused by the pneumatic panel 11 being formed in a convex shape in the room, and it is also possible to widely utilize the indoor space of the building.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), if the on-off valve 18 is opened and the operation of the exhaust side of the air supply / exhaust device 20 is continued, the roof material 10 and the outer membrane material 11a are maintained while maintaining the state of blocking solar radiation. The space 17 between the two can be ventilated.

(Second Embodiment)
3 to 5 show a second embodiment of a transmitted light adjusting structure for a building according to the present invention. Components common to those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals. The description is simplified.
In this transmitted light adjustment structure, instead of the two air supply / exhaust devices 20 and 21 in the first embodiment, a common space is used for supplying and exhausting the space 17 below the roof material 10 and the internal space 13 of the pneumatic panel 11. One air supply / exhaust device 30 is installed.

  Furthermore, a four-way valve 31 for switching supply / exhaust to the space 17 and the internal space 13 by the air supply / exhaust device 30 is provided. The four-way valve 31 includes first to fourth ports 32 to 35 that open in four directions at an angle of 90 ° with each other, and a valve that switches communication between the first to fourth ports 32 to 35 inside. A body 36 is rotatably provided.

  The air supply / exhaust pipe 37 of the air supply / exhaust device 30 is connected to the first port 32, and the air supply / exhaust to the internal space 13 of the pneumatic panel 11 is supplied to the second port 33 adjacent to the first port 32. An exhaust pipe (first supply / exhaust pipe) 22 is connected. A third port 34 adjacent to the first port 32 is connected to an air supply / exhaust pipe (second air supply / exhaust pipe) 19 for supplying and exhausting air to and from the space 17, and is further opposed to the first port 32. A communication pipe 39 to which an on-off valve 38 is attached is connected to the 4 port 35.

  Next, the operation and effect of the transmitted light adjusting structure of the second embodiment having the above configuration will be described. First, when it is desired to incorporate a large amount of solar radiation in the building, as shown in FIG. The valve body 36 of the valve 31 is rotated to a position X where the first port 32 and the second port 33 indicated by solid lines in FIG. 5 are communicated with each other and the third port 34 and the fourth port 35 are communicated. Further, the open / close valve 38 of the communication pipe 39 is opened.

  Then, the air supply / exhaust device 30 is operated to the air supply side to supply air to the internal space 13 of the outer membrane material 11a and the inner membrane material 11b of the pneumatic panel 11, and the partition wall of the space 17 below the roof material 10 The opening / closing damper 18 provided at 16 is opened. Then, when the interior space 13 of the pneumatic panel 11 is pressurized, the outer film material 11a and the inner film material 11b are separated from each other, and sunlight is transmitted through the patterns 15a and 15b that suppress mutual light transmission. Is irradiated into the building, and the air in the space 17 is exhausted from the communication pipe 39 of the four-way valve 31 to the outside. Thereby, the air which became high temperature by the said solar radiation in a building does not stay under the roofing material 10, and can reduce the thermal load in a building.

  On the other hand, when the solar radiation is strong, such as during the daytime in summer, as shown in FIG. 3B, first, the valve body 36 of the four-way valve 31 is connected to the first port 32 and the third port 34 indicated by dotted lines in FIG. And the second port 33 and the fourth port 35 are rotated to a position Y where they communicate. Further, the open / close valve 38 of the communication pipe 39 is opened. On the other hand, the open / close damper 18 provided in the partition wall 16 of the space 17 below the roof material 10 is closed.

  Then, the air supply / exhaust device 30 is operated to the air supply side to supply air to the space 17 between the roof material 10 and the outer membrane material 11a of the pneumatic panel 11, and accordingly, the internal space of the pneumatic panel 11 13 air is exhausted from the communication pipe 39 to the outside through the four-way valve 31 from the air supply / exhaust pipe 22.

  And finally, as shown in FIG.3 (c), while the inside of the space 17 is hold | maintained in a pressurized state, the outer side film | membrane material 11a and the inner side film | membrane material 11b of the pneumatic panel 11 overlap, and each film | membrane The light-shielding patterns 14a and 14b that are formed so as to be misplaced on the surface cover almost the entire area of the film surface, so that the solar radiation in the building is shielded from light. Further, from this state, if the open / close damper 18 is opened while the air supply / exhaust device 20 is operated to the air supply side, the space 17 between the roof material 10 and the outer membrane material 11a can be similarly ventilated.

  Similarly to the first embodiment, when it is desired to form the pneumatic panel 11 in a concave shape when viewed from the interior of the building, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 5, the valve element 36 of the four-way valve 31 is used. The first port 32, the second port 33, and the third port 34 shown by the dotted line in FIG. 5 are communicated with each other, and the second port 33, the third port 34, and the fourth port 35 are communicated with each other. Move. Further, the open / close damper 18 provided in the partition wall 16 of the space 17 below the roof material 10 and the open / close valve 38 of the communication pipe 39 are closed.

  In this state, when the air supply / exhaust device 30 is operated to the exhaust side, the space 17 below the roof material 10 is exhausted and depressurized while maintaining the internal space 13 of the pneumatic panel 11 at a negative pressure. The pneumatic panel 11 has a convex shape upward, that is, a concave shape when viewed from the inside of the building, while blocking the solar radiation. As a result, as in the first embodiment, it is possible to reduce a feeling of pressure caused by the pneumatic panel 11 being formed in a convex shape in the room, and it is also possible to widely use the indoor space of the building.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), if the on-off valve 18 is opened from this state, the space 17 between the roof material 10 and the outer membrane material 11a can be ventilated while maintaining the state of blocking sunlight. it can.
As a result, according to the transmitted light adjustment structure for a building according to the second embodiment, in addition to obtaining the same effect as in the first embodiment, by switching the four-way valve 31 appropriately, By operating one air supply / exhaust device 30 for the space 17 and the internal space 13 of the pneumatic panel 11, the transmitted light into the building can be adjusted. Equipment can be simplified.

  Further, in the transmitted light adjustment structure shown in the first and second embodiments, both are constructed by disposing the pneumatic panel 11 below the roof material 10 of the building. It can be easily applied not only to buildings but also to existing buildings.

  Moreover, as the roofing material 10, the transparent material has light transmission properties such as a glass plate and a synthetic resin plate, and various materials excellent in fire resistance can be appropriately selected. While being able to ensure, since the air layer is formed by the space 17 between the roofing material 10 and the pneumatic panel 11, sound-insulating property can also be improved. Furthermore, if a separate sound absorbing material is disposed along the inner side of the partition wall 16, it is possible to suppress the generation of noise during rain.

  In the first and second embodiments described above, the transmitted light adjustment structure for a building according to the present invention has been described only when applied to the case where the jacket material is the roof material 10, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the same can be applied to the case where the jacket material is a wall material.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 6, a transparent glass plate or a synthetic resin plate is used as the wall material (cover material) 40 that defines the wall surface of the building, and is described above at a predetermined interval along the inside thereof. The pneumatic panel 11 is disposed, and a space 17 defined by the partition wall 16 is formed between the wall member 40 and the pneumatic panel 11. Similarly, the internal space 13 of the pneumatic panel 11 and the above-described space are formed. By providing the air supply / exhaust devices 20, 21, the air supply / exhaust device 30, and the four-way valve 31 for supplying and exhausting the air to and from 17, it is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the first and second embodiments.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 1st Embodiment of the transmitted light adjustment structure of the building which concerns on this invention, (a) at the time of solar radiation transmission, (b) at the time of the transition from solar radiation transmission to light shielding, (c) at the time of light shielding This indicates the state. In the transmitted light adjustment structure shown in FIG. 1, (a) shows a state in which the pneumatic panel is formed in a concave shape when viewed from inside the building, and (b) shows a state in which the space below the roofing material is ventilated. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (a) at the time of solar radiation transmission, (b) at the time of the transition from solar radiation transmission to light shielding, (c) shows the state at the time of light shielding. In the transmitted light adjustment structure shown in FIG. 3, (a) shows a state in which the pneumatic panel is formed in a concave shape when viewed from inside the building, and (b) shows a state in which the space below the roofing material is ventilated. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the four-way valve shown to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, and the switching state of a valve body. It is a schematic perspective view which shows other embodiment which applied this invention to the wall material as a jacket material. It is a figure which shows the panel using the conventional film | membrane material, Comprising: (a) is a whole perspective view, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. It is a figure which shows the panel using the other conventional film | membrane material, (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state at the time of light transmission, and (b) at the time of light-shielding.

Explanation of symbols

10 Roofing material (cover material)
11 Pneumatic panel 11a Outer membrane material 11b Inner membrane material 13 Internal space 14a, 14b Light shielding pattern (second pattern)
15a, 15b Light transmission pattern (first pattern)
16 Bulkhead (partition wall)
17 Space 18 Open / close damper (open / close valve)
19, 22, 37 Air supply / exhaust pipe 20, 21, 30 Air supply / exhaust system 31 Four-way valve 32 1st port 33 2nd port 34 3rd port 35 4th port 36 Valve body 38 On-off valve 39 Communication pipe

Claims (2)

An outer jacket material that is made of a material having light permeability and defines the outer surface of the building;
An outer membrane material disposed at a predetermined interval along the inner side of the jacket material;
An inner membrane material that is disposed along the inner side of the outer membrane material and has a peripheral edge hermetically integrated with the outer membrane material,
A ventilation means capable of ventilating a space between the jacket material and the outer membrane material;
A first air supply / exhaust unit that includes a first air supply / exhaust pipe that communicates with an internal space between the outer membrane material and the inner membrane material to supply or exhaust air, and that can pressurize and depressurize the internal space; With
In the outer membrane material and the inner membrane material, a first pattern that transmits light and a second pattern that suppresses transmission of light are formed on each other's film surface, and the outer pattern A partition member that defines a space between the workpiece and the outer membrane material is provided, and the ventilation means is provided in the partition member so that air inside and outside the space can flow. It has an on-off valve and a second air supply / exhaust pipe that communicates with the space and supplies or exhausts air, and is capable of pressurizing and depressurizing the space. The transmitted light adjustment structure of the building. The first and second air supply / exhaust means have a common air supply / exhaust device, a first port to which the air supply / exhaust device is connected, and a second port to which the first air supply / exhaust pipe is connected A third port to which the second air supply / exhaust pipe is connected, and a fourth port communicating with the outside via an on-off valve, and the first port is connected to the second port by rotation of an internal valve body. The building according to claim 1, further comprising a four-way valve that communicates with the port and / or the third port and simultaneously communicates the fourth port with the third port and / or the second port. Transmitted light adjustment structure.

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