JP4855349B2 - Building exhaust structure, building, and double outer wall structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building exhaust structure, a building having a building exhaust structure, and a double outer wall structure having a building exhaust structure using a hollow layer formed by a double wall having one surface facing the outside of the building. About.

  In buildings with a double outer wall structure where the thermal buffer is a hollow layer formed by a double wall with one side facing the outside of the building, in many cases, solar radiation is installed by installing a blind in the hollow layer. Heat is absorbed or reflected to prevent solar heat from entering the room.

  However, if the absorbed solar heat is trapped in the hollow layer, heat is generated from the hollow layer into the room, so the air conditioning load in the room must be increased.

  As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, in the window structure 250 in the curtain wall construction method of Patent Document 1, an upper frame 256 and a lower part are disposed on the upper part of the curtain wall of a double window composed of an indoor shoji 252 and an outdoor shoji 254. The lower frame 258 is provided in each.

  In addition, the upper frame 256 and the lower frame 258 are provided with indoor-side vents 260 and 262 and outdoor-side vents 264 and 266, respectively.

  The switching door 268 closes one of the indoor vent 260 and the outdoor vent 264, and the switching door 270 closes one of the indoor vent 262 and the outdoor vent 266.

  As a result, various air circulation paths as shown in FIGS. 18A to 18C can be formed, and the heat load of the building can be reduced to save energy.

In FIG. 18A, the switching doors 268 and 270 are both tilted to the outdoor side, and the outdoor vents 264 and 266 are respectively closed. Therefore, in this state, double glazing in M is the air flow structure in which conductive indoor N ₁ side with vertically.

In FIG. 18B, the switching doors 268 and 270 are both tilted indoors to close the indoor vents 260 and 262, respectively. Therefore, in this state, the double window interior M has a double skin structure in which the upper and lower sides are electrically connected to the outdoor N ₂ side.

Figure 18 (C), the defeat switch換扉268 to the indoor _{N 1} side, to defeat switching換扉270 to the outdoor _{N 2} side, closes the indoor vent 260 and the outdoor side vent 266. Therefore, in this state, it is possible to perform natural ventilation is taken directly outside air into the room N _1.

However, in the case of FIG. 18A, all indoor air that has entered the double window M from the indoor vent 262 provided in the lower frame 258 is attracted to the indoor vent 260 provided in the upper frame 256. Must. And, in general, the attraction is effected by the fan which is connected from the indoor side vent 260 to the duct 272 provided in the indoor N ₁ side (not shown).

Therefore, even when a part of the room air that has entered the interior M of the double window through the indoor vent 262 can sufficiently absorb the solar heat generated in the interior of the double window M, the fan can remove excess air from the duct 272. This means that unnecessary energy is consumed by the fans.
JP 2003-314154 A

  In consideration of such facts, the present invention provides a building exhaust structure that reduces the exhaust load for exhausting air in a hollow layer formed by a double wall facing one side of the building to the outside of the building. It is an object of the present invention to provide a double outer wall structure having a building having an exhaust structure.

  The invention according to claim 1 faces the outside of a building, and is hollow between the first wall body that extends over one or more layers of the building, the first wall body, and the first wall body. A second wall forming a layer, an upper vent provided in the upper part of the first wall, a lower vent provided in the lower part of the first wall, and an upper part of the second wall or An exhaust port provided at a lower portion, an exhaust unit that attracts indoor air to the exhaust port, and a diversion unit that diverts the indoor air discharged from the exhaust port to the upper vent and the lower vent, It is characterized by having.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the first wall facing the outside of the building is provided over one or more layers of the building. A second wall body is provided opposite to the first wall body. A hollow layer is formed between the first wall body and the second wall body.

  An upper vent is provided in the upper part of the first wall, and a lower vent is provided in the lower part of the first wall.

  An exhaust port is provided in the upper part or the lower part of the second wall, and indoor air is attracted to the exhaust port by the exhaust means.

  And the room air discharged | emitted from the exhaust port is diverted into an upper vent and a lower vent by a diversion means.

  Here, when the exhaust port is provided in the upper part of the second wall body, the indoor air is discharged from the exhaust port, and the exhausted indoor air is pushed downward by the pressure of the discharge means to lower the hollow layer. Create an air flow from top to bottom (towards the bottom vent). Therefore, the air in the hollow layer heated by solar radiation or the like can be discharged from the lower vent. As a result, the temperature rise of the hollow layer can be suppressed and the through heat from the hollow layer to the interior of the building can be reduced. Therefore, the load of the indoor air conditioning can be reduced and an energy saving effect can be obtained.

  Further, the room air discharged from the exhaust port is diverted by the diversion means. Then, a part of the room air discharged from the exhaust port is allowed to flow from the upper side to the lower side of the hollow layer (toward the lower vent), and the remaining room air is discharged from the upper vent with almost no resistance. Thereby, the pressure increase in the hollow layer can be suppressed, and the static pressure of the exhaust means does not increase, so that the load on the exhaust means can be reduced and an energy saving effect can be obtained.

  When the exhaust port is provided in the lower part of the second wall body, the room air is exhausted from the exhaust port, and the exhausted indoor air is pushed upward by the pressure of the exhaust means, so that the air is exhausted from below the hollow layer. Create a flow of air to (to the top vent). Therefore, the air in the hollow layer heated by solar radiation or the like can be discharged from the upper vent. As a result, the temperature rise of the hollow layer can be suppressed and the through heat from the hollow layer to the interior of the building can be reduced. Therefore, the load of the indoor air conditioning can be reduced and an energy saving effect can be obtained.

  Further, the room air discharged from the exhaust port is diverted by the diversion means. Then, a part of the room air discharged from the exhaust port is caused to flow upward from the lower side of the hollow layer (toward the upper vent), and the remaining room air is discharged from the lower vent with almost no resistance. Thereby, the pressure increase in the hollow layer can be suppressed, and the static pressure of the exhaust means does not increase, so that the load on the exhaust means can be reduced and an energy saving effect can be obtained.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the flow dividing means is a partition member that turns around one end portion as a rotation center to change the ventilation area.

  In the invention according to claim 2, the flow dividing means is a partition member. This partition member turns around one end to rotate and changes the ventilation area.

  Therefore, according to the exhaust capacity of the exhaust means (displacement) and the amount of solar radiation from outside the building, it becomes possible to change the ventilation area (air flow ratio) of the two flows at the time of diversion, and the temperature rise of the hollow layer As much room air as necessary for suppression can flow from the upper side to the lower side of the hollow layer, or from the lower side to the upper side of the hollow layer. Thereby, the load of the exhaust means can be further reduced. Further, fine adjustment of the ventilation area (air volume ratio) can be performed.

  The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the flow dividing means is a detachable partition member that changes the ventilation area.

  In the invention according to claim 3, the flow dividing means is a detachable partition member that changes the ventilation area.

  Therefore, depending on the exhaust capacity (exhaust volume) of the exhaust means and the amount of solar radiation from outside the building, the ventilation area (air volume ratio) of the two flows at the time of diversion is changed, and the amount necessary to suppress the temperature rise of the hollow layer. Only room air can flow from above the hollow layer to below or from below the hollow layer. Thereby, the load of the exhaust means can be further reduced. Further, the ventilation area (air volume ratio) can be changed by a simple and low-cost method.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an opening / closing means for opening / closing the exhaust port.

  In the invention according to claim 4, since the exhaust port can be opened and closed by the opening and closing means, if the exhaust port is closed when the exhaust means is not operated during holidays, the air in the hollow layer that has been warmed by solar radiation or the like is Ascending, an air flow from the bottom to the top of the hollow layer is generated. Thereby, the air of the heated hollow layer can be discharged | emitted from an upper vent, without using an exhaust means.

  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that a heat absorber is provided in the hollow layer, and the first wall body has translucency.

  In the invention of claim 5, the heat absorber provided in the hollow layer absorbs heat such as solar radiation that enters through the translucent first wall, and a larger upward flow is hollowed out by this absorbed heat. Can be generated in the layer.

  The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that it has branching means for branching the flow of the room air that is diverted by the diversion means and passes through the hollow layer toward the upper vent or the lower vent. .

  In the invention according to claim 6, the indoor air flowing toward the upper vent or the lower vent is diverted by the branching means by branching the flow of the room air passing through the hollow layer toward the upper vent or the lower vent. Can be dispersed in a wide range. Thereby, since the (high temperature) air can be extruded and exhausted without staying in the hollow layer, the temperature in the hollow layer can be effectively lowered.

  The invention described in claim 7 is characterized in that it has the building exhaust structure described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

  In the invention according to the seventh aspect, it is possible to construct a building that can reduce the loads on the room air-conditioning and the exhaust means and obtain an energy saving effect.

  The invention described in claim 8 is characterized in that it has the building exhaust structure described in any one of claims 1-6.

  In the invention described in claim 8, it is possible to construct a double outer wall structure capable of reducing the loads on the room air-conditioning and exhaust means and obtaining an energy saving effect.

  Since this invention set it as the said structure, the exhaust load which exhausts the air in the hollow layer formed of the double wall which one surface faces the building exterior to the building exterior can be reduced.

  A building exhaust structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, this embodiment is applicable to the new structure and repair building of various structures and scales which have a double outer wall structure.

  First, the building exhaust structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  As shown in the side sectional view of FIG. 1 and the front view of FIG. 2, the building exhaust structure 36 is provided with a first wall 12 facing the outside of the multi-layer building 10. The first wall body 12 is configured by a single plate glass 12A disposed on the upper side of one layer of the building 10 and a single plate glass 12B disposed on the lower side of the first layer. That is, the first wall 12 is provided over one layer of the building 10. Plate glass 12A, 12B is general translucent glass for construction.

  Further, a second wall body 14 is provided inside the first wall body 12 so as to face the first wall body 12. The second wall body 14 is configured by a fireproof panel 14 </ b> A disposed on the upper layer of the first layer of the building 10 and a multilayer glass 14 </ b> B disposed on the lower side of the first layer. The multi-layer glass 14B is a double plate glass in which dry air is enclosed in order to improve the heat insulation performance of the glass.

  The first wall body 12 and the second wall body 14 are provided in parallel at a predetermined interval. A hollow layer 16A is formed between the sheet glass 12A and the fireproof panel 14A, and the sheet glass 12B and the multilayer glass are formed. A hollow layer 16B is formed between 14B and 14B.

  A rectangular upper air vent 18A is provided at the upper part of the first wall 12 (between the plate glass 12A and the plate glass 12B), and the lower part of the first wall 12 (the lower end of the plate glass 12B) A vent 18B is provided.

  An exhaust port 20 is provided in the upper part of the second wall body 14 (between the fireproof panel 14A and the multilayer glass 14B). The exhaust port 20 and the upper vent 18A are provided at substantially the same height. That is, the upper vent 18 </ b> A is provided near the exhaust port 20. In order to prevent rainwater from entering, the exhaust port 20 is preferably provided at a height above the upper vent 18A.

  The exhaust port 20 is connected to an exhaust fan 24 as an exhaust means provided in the ceiling space 22 above the finished ceiling via a chamber 26 and an exhaust duct 28, and the indoor air A in the room 30 is exhausted by the exhaust fan 24. Attracted to 20.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the chamber 26 expands the ventilation area of the indoor air A sent from the exhaust duct 28, and is attached so that the opening 32 of the chamber 26 and the exhaust port 20 coincide with each other. Yes. That is, the opening 32 and the exhaust port 20 have the same shape and the same dimensions. In addition, although the shape of the opening part 32 of FIG. 3 is a rectangle, another shape may be sufficient.

As shown in FIG. 1, a flow dividing mechanism 34 is provided between the exhaust port 20 and the upper vent 18A. Diverter mechanism 34 to divert the room air A discharged from the exhaust port 20 into the air A ₂ toward the air A ₁ and the lower vent 18B toward the upper vent 18A.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the flow dividing mechanism 34, an upper partition wall 38 having a curved cross section is provided so as to bridge from the lower end portion of the glass sheet 12A to the lower end portion of the fireproof panel 14A. Moreover, the intermediate part partition wall 40 is provided so that it may protrude toward the exhaust port 20 from the upper end part of the plate glass 12B. Moreover, the lower partition wall 42 is provided so that it may protrude toward the upper vent 18A from the upper end part of the multiple glass 14B. The upper partition wall 38, the intermediate partition wall 40, and the lower partition wall 42 are formed of aluminum, steel, or the like.

  An exhaust passage 44 is formed by the upper partition wall 38 and the intermediate partition wall 40, and an exhaust passage 46 is formed by the intermediate partition wall 40 and the lower partition wall 42.

  The upper end 50 of the intermediate partition wall 40 is rotatably provided with a lower end of a partition member 48 serving as a flow dividing means. The partition member 48 has a fin shape. Thereby, the partition member 48 turns in the directions of the arrows 52A and 52B with the upper end portion 50 as the rotation center. The partition member 48 may be manually turned, or may be automatically turned by a driving device (not shown) such as a motor.

As a result, the partition member 48 can divide the indoor air A discharged from the exhaust port 20 into the air A ₁ flowing to the exhaust passage 44 and the air A ₂ flowing to the exhaust passage 46.

  Further, by turning the partition member 48, the ventilation area of the inlet portions of the exhaust passages 44 and 46 can be changed. For example, if the partition member 48 is swung in the direction of the arrow 52A, the ventilation area of the inlet portion of the exhaust passage 44 is reduced, and the ventilation area of the inlet portion of the exhaust passage 46 is increased. On the contrary, if the partition member 48 is swung in the direction of the arrow 52B, the ventilation area of the inlet portion of the exhaust passage 44 is increased, and the ventilation area of the inlet portion of the exhaust passage 46 is reduced.

In other words, the air volume of the indoor air A ₁ and A ₂ to be divided can be adjusted by the partition member 48.

  In addition, the partition member should just be what can divert indoor air A discharged | emitted from the exhaust port 20 to 2 directions, and you may use things other than a fin shape. For example, a flat plate or the like may be used.

  Next, the operation and effect of the building exhaust structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the building exhaust structure 36 of the first embodiment, first, the indoor fan A is attracted to the exhaust port 20 by the exhaust fan 24.

Next, the indoor air A exhausted from the exhaust port 20 due to the pressure of the exhaust fan 24 is divided into the air A ₁ passing through the exhaust passage 44 and the air A ₂ passing through the exhaust passage 46 by the flow dividing mechanism 34. (See FIG. 4).

Next, the air A ₂ is (toward the lower vent 18B) from above into the hollow layer 16B downward by being pushed down by the pressure of the exhaust fan 24 creates a flow of air.

  Therefore, the air in the hollow layer 16B heated by solar radiation from the outside of the building 10 can be discharged from the lower vent 18B. As a result, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise in the hollow layer 16B and reduce the through heat from the hollow layer 16B to the room 30 of the building 10, thereby reducing the air conditioning load in the room 30 and obtaining an energy saving effect. be able to.

Further, the indoor air A discharged from the exhaust port 20 is divided by the partition member 48. A part of the air A ₂ of the indoor air A discharged from the exhaust port 20 flows from above the hollow layer 16B downward (not directed downward vent 18B), the remaining air A ₁ from the upper vent 18A Drains almost without resistance. Thereby, the pressure increase in the hollow layer 16B can be suppressed, and the static pressure of the exhaust fan 24 does not increase. Therefore, the load on the exhaust fan 24 can be reduced, and an energy saving effect can be obtained.

The exhaust capacity of the exhaust fan 24 in accordance with the amount of solar radiation or the like from the outside of the (emissions) and the building 10, the ventilation area of the inlet portion of the exhaust path 44, 46 (the air volume ratio of the air A ₁ and air A ₂₎ it is possible to vary at any time, can flow indoor air a ₂ of only as required to suppress the temperature increase of the hollow layer 16B from above the hollow layer 16B downward. Thereby, the load of the exhaust fan 24 can be further reduced. In addition, the air volume ratio can be finely adjusted.

  Next, a building exhaust structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the second embodiment, a roll screen type blind is provided in the hollow layer 16B shown in the first embodiment, and an opening / closing door is provided in the exhaust port 20. Therefore, in the following description, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and are appropriately omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in the building exhaust structure 60 according to the second embodiment, a roll screen type blind 54 in a state in which a screen 56 as a heat absorber is wound is provided in the upper portion of the hollow layer 16B. It has been. The screen 56 is formed of a material that absorbs heat such as solar radiation. For example, resin-processed cotton or hemp, polyester cloth, cloth whose surface is coated with metal, or the like may be used.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the exhaust port 20 is provided with a plate-shaped opening / closing door 58 as an opening / closing means for opening and closing the exhaust port 20. The upper end of the open / close door 58 is rotatably provided near the end of the lower surface of the upper partition wall 38. Then, the opening / closing door 58 is brought into contact with the inner wall of the chamber 26 so that the opening 20 is opened, and the opening / closing door 58 is moved to the position of the one-dot chain line to close the opening 20.

  FIG. 7 shows a state in which the screen 56 of the blind 54 shown in FIG. 5 is developed downward and the exhaust port 20 is closed by the open / close door 58.

  Next, the operation and effects of the building exhaust structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the building exhaust structure 60 of the second embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be exhibited.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the blind 54 in a state where the screen 56 is wound becomes a branching means, and the flow of the air A ₂ toward the lower vent 18 </ _b > B through the hollow layer 16 </ _b > B is branched by the blind 54. , it is possible to distribute the air a ₂ towards the lower vent 18B to a wide range of hollow layer 16B. Thereby, since the (high temperature) air can be pushed out and exhausted without staying in the hollow layer 16B, the temperature in the hollow layer 16B can be effectively lowered.

  Moreover, since the cross-sectional shape of the blind 54 around which the screen 56 is wound is circular, air resistance does not increase. Therefore, the pressure increase in the hollow layer 16B can be suppressed.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, when the exhaust fan 24 is not operated on a holiday or the like, the screen 56 of the blind 54 is expanded downward to shield the solar radiation that enters the room 30 from the outside of the building 10, and the door The exhaust port 20 is closed by 58. Thereby, the air in the hollow layer 16B that has become warm due to solar radiation from the outside of the building 10 rises, and an air flow (arrow 64) from below to above the hollow layer 16B is generated. Thus, the air in the warmed hollow layer 16B can be discharged from the upper vent 18A without using the exhaust fan 24.

  At this time, heat such as solar radiation entering through the transparent glass plate 12B is absorbed by the screen 56 as a heat absorber provided in the hollow layer 16B, and a larger upward flow is generated by this absorbed heat. Can be generated.

  In the second embodiment, an example in which a larger upward flow is generated in the hollow layer 16B by providing the screen 56 in the hollow layer 16B is shown. However, the screen 56 may not be provided, and in this case However, the air in the hollow layer 16B that has become warm due to solar radiation from the outside of the building 10 rises, and an air flow (arrow 64) from below to above the hollow layer 16B can be generated.

  The building exhaust structure 72 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is obtained by replacing the roll screen type blind 54 shown in FIGS. 5 and 7 with a slat type blind 66. FIG. 8 shows a state where the blind 66 is housed in the blind box 68, and FIG. 9 shows a state where the blind 54 is expanded downward. In order to reduce the air resistance, the cross-sectional shape at the top of the screen box 68 is semicircular, and the cross-sectional shape at the bottom of the screen box 68 is streamlined.

  Each slat 70 as a heat absorber constituting the blind 66 is made of a material that absorbs heat such as solar radiation. For example, aluminum, steel (steel), wood, or the like may be used.

  8 and 9, the same effect as in FIGS. 5 and 7 can be exhibited.

  Next, a building exhaust structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the third embodiment, the upper and lower vents 18A, 18B and the exhaust port 20 shown in the first embodiment are provided with opening / closing means. Therefore, in the following description, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and are appropriately omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 10, in the building exhaust structure 74, an open / close door 58 is provided at the exhaust port 20 as in the second embodiment (see FIG. 6).

  Similarly to the open / close door 58, plate-like open / close doors 76A and 76B, whose upper end portions are rotatably provided, are provided in the upper vent 18A and the lower vent 18B, respectively. As a result, the upper vent 18A and the lower vent 18B can be opened and closed.

  Next, the operation and effects of the building exhaust structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 10, in the building exhaust structure 74 of the third embodiment, the exhaust port 20 is closed by the open / close door 58, the upper vent 18A is closed by the open / close door 76A, and the lower vent is opened by the open / close door 76B. 18B is closed. Thereby, the hollow layer 16B can be sealed.

  Therefore, in the daytime when there is little solar radiation at night or in winter, the sealed hollow layer 16B becomes a heat insulating layer, and it is possible to reduce the heat flow from the outside of the building 10 to the room 30, so the air conditioning load of the room 30 can be reduced. This can reduce the energy saving effect.

  In the first to third embodiments, the glass plates 12A and 12B constituting the first wall body 12 and the multilayer glass 14B constituting the second wall body 14 are made of a general light-transmitting material for construction. Although it was set as glass, it is not restricted to this, For the 1st wall body 12 and the 2nd wall body 14, the ceramic printed glass which is a translucent material, heat ray reflective glass, LOW-E glass, tempered glass, etc. are used. Alternatively, a non-translucent material such as a concrete panel, an ALC (lightweight cellular concrete) panel, an extruded cement board, an aluminum panel, and a steel panel may be used. Further, the multilayer glass 14B may be a single plate glass.

  In the second embodiment, the branching means is the blind 54 with the screen 56 wound up or the blind box 68 of the blind 66, but the branching means may be any member that branches the air flow.

  In the first to third embodiments, an example in which the exhaust port 20 is provided in the upper portion of the second wall body 14 (between the fireproof panel 14A and the multilayer glass 14B) is shown. You may provide in the lower part (lower end part of the multilayer glass 14B) of the two-wall body 14. FIG. In this case, the diversion mechanism 34 may be provided between the exhaust port provided in the lower part of the second wall body 14 and the lower ventilation port 18B. Further, in the case where a branching means is provided in a hollow layer provided with an exhaust port at the lower part of the second wall 14 (the lower end of the multilayer glass 14B), the indoor air passing through the hollow layer 16B toward the upper vent 18A A branching means may be provided upstream of the flow.

When the exhaust port is provided at the lower part of the second wall body 14, the indoor air A discharged from the exhaust port is divided by the partition member 48, and the divided air A ₂ is divided by the pressure of the discharge fan 24. by pushing upward (toward the upper vent 18A) from the lower side of the hollow layer 16B upward it can produce a flow of air a _2. Then, it discharged without being little resistance to remaining air A ₁ from the lower vent 18B.

  The open / close door 58 shown in the second and third embodiments and the open / close doors 76A and 76B shown in the third embodiment open and close the exhaust port 20, the upper vent 18A, and the lower vent 18B, respectively. A lid-like member may be fitted into the exhaust port 20, the upper vent 18 </ b> A, or the lower vent 18 </ b> B, or the opening may be covered with a plate-like member.

  For example, when the exhaust structure of the present invention is arranged in front of the outer pillar of the building 10, the exhaust port 20 cannot be connected to the exhaust duct 28. By closing the exhaust port 20 with a member or the like, it is possible to prevent the air in the hollow layer 16B from entering the building 10.

  In the second embodiment, an example in which the indoor air A is discharged from the exhaust port 20 in a state where the blinds 54 and 66 are housed is shown. The indoor air A may be discharged from the exhaust port 20 in a state where the solar radiation from the outside is shielded. In this case, the exhaust fan 24 applies a downward pressure that cancels the flow from the lower side to the upper side of the hollow layer 16B due to air warmed by solar radiation or the like, and further causes the air flow from the upper side to the lower side of the hollow layer 16B. You should give from.

  Further, in the first to third embodiments, the example using the partition member 48 that swirls as the diverting means has been shown, but it is sufficient if the indoor air A discharged from the exhaust port 20 can be diverted in two directions. For example, detachable partition members 78, 80, and 82 that change the ventilation area as shown in FIG. 11 may be used.

  The cross-sectional shapes of the partition members 78, 80, and 82 are different fin shapes. By attaching the partition members 78, 80, and 82 having various cross-sectional shapes in this manner, the cross-sectional shapes shown in FIGS. As shown, it is possible to change the ventilation area of the inlet portions of the exhaust passages 44 and 46 according to the exhaust capacity (exhaust amount) of the exhaust fan 24, the amount of solar radiation from the outside of the building 10, and the like.

  Therefore, the load on the exhaust fan 24 can be further reduced, and the air volume ratio can be changed by a simple and low-cost method. The cross-sectional shape of the partition members 78, 80, and 82 may be any as long as it can divert the air flow, and other than the fin shape may be used. For example, a flat plate or the like may be used.

  Further, in the first to third embodiments, the example in which the exhaust fan 24 and the room 30 are directly communicated with each other through the duct has been described. However, the indoor air A in the room 30 can be attracted to the exhaust port 20. For example, an exhaust system in which a ceiling space above the finished ceiling is used as a chamber may be used.

  In the first to third embodiments, an upper vent 18A is provided between the plate glass 12A and the plate glass 12B, a lower vent 18B is provided at the lower end of the plate glass 12B, and the fireproof panel 14A and the multilayer glass 14B are provided. However, the upper vent 18A is provided in the upper part of the first wall body over one or more layers of the building 10, and the lower vent 18B is provided as one layer of the building 10. Provided in the lower part of the first wall body over a plurality of layers, and the exhaust port 20 is provided in the upper part or the lower part of the second wall body 14 facing the first wall body (over one layer or a plurality of layers of the building 10). Good. For example, the upper vent or exhaust port may be provided above the finished ceiling, or the lower vent or exhaust port may be provided below the finished floor of the double floor. Also good.

  Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, a diversion member 84 that doubles as an opening / closing means for the exhaust port 20 and a diversion means for the indoor air A discharged from the exhaust port 20 may be used.

  As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the flow dividing member 84 is a box-shaped member having an opening surface on the chamber 26 side, and the chamber 26 can slide in the directions of arrows 86A and 86B in the opening 88 forming the opening surface. Has been inserted.

  Plates 90 and 92 are detachably attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the flow dividing member 84. Vent holes 94 and 96 are formed in the plates 90 and 92, respectively.

  Thus, when the inner surface of the side wall 98 of the flow dividing member 84 facing the upper partition wall 38 is brought into contact with the end surface of the chamber 26 in the direction of the arrow 86B, the open surface of the chamber 26 is blocked by the side wall 98.

  Further, when the flow dividing member 84 is moved in the direction of the arrow 86A until the side wall 98 reaches a position on the upper end portion of the intermediate partition wall 40, the indoor air A sent from the exhaust duct 28 to the chamber 26 is The air is discharged from a vent hole 94 formed in the plate 90 and a vent hole 96 formed in the plate 92. At this time, the ratio of the total area of the vent holes 94 formed in the plate 90 and the total area of the vent holes 96 formed in the plate 92 is the ratio of the vent area at the inlets of the exhaust passages 44 and 46. Become.

  That is, by changing and attaching the plates 90 and 92 having the vent holes 94 and 96 of various sizes formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the flow dividing member 84, the ventilation area of the inlet portions of the exhaust passages 44 and 46 is changed. Can do.

  In the first to third embodiments, the example in which the building exhaust structures 36, 60, 72, 74 are provided in one layer of the building 10 is shown, but there are a plurality of exhaust structures 36, 60, 72, 74. It may be provided over the layers.

  Moreover, for example, a calcium silicate board, a fiber reinforced calcium silicate board, etc. can be used for the fireproof panel 14A shown in the first to third embodiments. Moreover, it replaces with the fireproof panel 14A, and various translucent materials (plate glass, ceramic printed glass, heat ray reflective glass, LOW-E glass, tempered glass, etc.) similarly to the sheet glass 12A, 12B and the multilayer glass 14B. Or non-translucent materials (concrete panels, ALC (lightweight cellular concrete) panels, extruded cement boards, aluminum panels, steel panels, etc.) can be used.

  The first to third embodiments of the present invention have been described above. As described above, the building exhaust structure according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention has loads on the indoor air conditioning and the exhaust means. Since the energy saving effect can be obtained by reducing the load, if the exhaust structure of the present invention is applied to a building or a double outer wall structure, the load on the indoor air conditioning and the exhaust means can be reduced and the energy saving effect can be obtained. A heavy outer wall structure can be constructed.

The present invention is not limited to these first to third embodiments, and may be used in combination with the first to third embodiments. In the range not departing from the gist of the present invention, Of course, it can be implemented in various modes.
(Example)
14 and 15 are temperature distribution diagrams in the hollow layer 16B obtained by three-dimensional thermal fluid analysis (CFD: Computational Fluid Dynamics).

  FIG. 14 shows a state in which the opening / closing door 58 is opened and the exhaust fan 24 is operated in a state where the screen 56 of the roll screen type blind 54 of the exhaust structure 60 of the building of the second embodiment is opened downward. This is an analysis result when the room air A is discharged from 20.

  FIG. 15 is a comparative example of FIG. 14 and shows an analysis result when the open / close door 58 of FIG. 14 is closed. That is, the building exhaust structure 60 of FIG. 15 is a conventional double skin exhaust structure.

14 and 15, the temperature outside the building 10 was set to 35 ° C., and the temperature inside the room 30 was set to 26 ° C. In addition, as the influence of solar radiation, 72 W / m ² at the first wall body 12 in consideration of solar radiation transmittance and heat absorption rate of the first wall body 12, the second wall body 14, and the heat absorber (screen 56), 7W / ^{m 2} in the second wall 14, and assumes that there is heat generation of 170 W / ^{m 2} by the heat absorbing body (screen 56).

In FIG. 14, the air volume of the exhaust fan 24 is 230 (m ³ / hr) / m, and the temperature of the air sent from the exhaust fan 24 is 26 ° C. which is equal to the temperature of the room 30. In FIG. 15, the exhaust fan 24 does not supply air into the hollow layer 16B.

  Further, the distance from the surface of the plate glass 12B on the hollow layer 16B side to the surface of the multilayer glass 14B on the hollow layer 16B side was set to 40 cm.

  Further, the screen 56 made of a heat absorber provided in the hollow layer 16B is arranged 10 cm away from the multilayer glass 14B and parallel to the multilayer glass 14B.

  The temperature of the temperature boundary lines 100, 102, 104, and 106 in FIGS. 14 and 15 are 40 ° C., 50 ° C., 60 ° C., and 70 ° C.

  Here, paying attention to the region D of 40 ° C. or lower and the region U of 70 ° C. or higher, the temperature distribution diagrams of FIGS. 14 and 15 are regions existing above the hollow layer 16B of FIG. U is no longer the hollow layer 16B of FIG. 14, and it can be seen that the region D exists over the entire height in the vicinity of the multilayer glass 14B of the hollow layer 16B of FIG.

  That is, the temperature in the vicinity of the double glazing 14B of the hollow layer 16B can be reduced to 40 ° C. or lower over the entire height by the building exhaust structure 60 of the second embodiment. It can be seen that can be reduced.

It is a sectional side view which shows the exhaust structure of the building which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the exhaust structure of the building which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the chamber which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow dividing mechanism which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the exhaust structure of the building which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow dividing mechanism which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the exhaust structure of the building which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the exhaust structure of the building which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the exhaust structure of the building which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the exhaust structure of the building which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the partition member which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow dividing member which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow dividing member which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a temperature distribution figure which shows the three-dimensional thermal fluid analysis in the Example which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a temperature distribution figure which shows the three-dimensional thermal fluid analysis in the Example which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the conventional window structure. It is explanatory drawing which shows the conventional window structure. It is explanatory drawing which shows the conventional window structure.

Explanation of symbols

10 Building 12 First Wall Body 14 Second Wall Body 20 Exhaust Port 24 Exhaust Fan (Exhaust Means)
36, 60, 72, 74 Building exhaust structure 48, 78, 80, 82 Partition member (distribution means)
56 screen (heat absorber)
58 Opening and closing door (opening and closing means)
70 slats (heat absorber)
84 Dividing member (dividing means, opening and closing means)
A indoor air

Claims (8)

A first wall facing the exterior of the building and spanning one or more layers of the building;
A second wall that faces the first wall and forms a hollow layer with the first wall;
An upper vent provided in an upper part of the first wall;
A lower vent provided in a lower portion of the first wall,
An exhaust port provided in an upper part or a lower part of the second wall,
Exhaust means for attracting room air to the exhaust port;
A diversion unit for diverting the room air discharged from the exhaust port to the upper vent and the lower vent;
An exhaust structure of a building characterized by comprising:   2. The building exhaust structure according to claim 1, wherein the flow dividing means is a partition member that turns around one end portion to change a ventilation area.   2. The building exhaust structure according to claim 1, wherein the diversion means is a detachable partition member that changes a ventilation area.   The building exhaust structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising opening / closing means for opening and closing the exhaust port. A heat absorber is provided in the hollow layer;
The building exhaust structure according to claim 4, wherein the first wall body is translucent.   6. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a branching unit that branches the flow of the room air that is diverted by the diversion unit and passes through the hollow layer toward the upper vent or the lower vent. The exhaust structure of a building as described in the paragraph.   A building having an exhaust structure for a building according to any one of claims 1 to 6.   A double outer wall structure comprising the building exhaust structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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