JP4998909B1 - Solar power system - Google Patents

Abstract

In a photovoltaic power generation system equipped with a storage battery and capable of independent operation, even in the event of a disaster, even if a power outage at a evacuation center lasts for a long period of time, it will be used in an emergency so that the optimum amount of power can be supplied according to solar energy The load is automatically controlled and the load can be easily adjusted by the evacuees themselves.
In the event of a system power failure, the load power of an emergency outlet is set so that an appropriate load supply power amount is ensured in the daytime self-sustained operation while ensuring the storage battery recovery charge power amount in preparation for the night self-sustained operation. By automatically controlling the number of lighting of the emergency lighting 18a according to the amount, power is supplied to the emergency load while recovering and charging the storage battery 8 by the amount of photovoltaic power generation during the daytime, and the photovoltaic power generation by the night There is provided an emergency load control device 22 for completing the recovery charging by.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar power generation system suitable for a power generation system in a house-type evacuation shelter or the like when a disaster occurs.

Conventionally, a photovoltaic power generation system provided with storage battery facilities has been used in facilities with important loads, etc., but a photovoltaic power generation system having functions of grid interconnection operation and self-sustained operation uses a direct current for solar cells and storage batteries. It is provided as a power source.
Such a solar power generation system reversely converts the direct current power of the solar battery or the direct current power of both the solar battery and the storage battery into alternating current power synchronized with the system power supply when the system (electric power system of the power company) is normal, Power is supplied to the system load to form a distributed power source.
In the event of a system power failure due to a disaster or the like, the DC power of the solar battery and the storage battery is reversely converted into AC power by disconnecting from the system and performing independent operation, and this power is supplied to an emergency load or the like.

At night during grid connection, the output power of the solar battery is lost, and the grid connection operation cannot be maintained, so the grid connection operation is stopped. That is, there are many systems that do not utilize storage battery equipment during grid connection operation when the normal system is normal.
Recently, by developing a storage battery that can ensure the expected life even when it is repeatedly charged and discharged, this storage battery can be used even when the system is normal to shift the peak power in the daytime to reduce the contract power. In addition, a system has also been proposed that discharges (power feeds) from the storage battery during peak power during the daytime.
A system has also been proposed in which a storage battery discharged by a self-sustained operation at the time of a system power failure due to a disaster or the like is charged in preparation for the next self-sustaining operation by the system power when the system is normally restored.
Here, night refers to the time from sunset to sunrise. Specifically, it indicates the time from the time when the solar power generation system becomes an output voltage at which the solar power generation power cannot be used to the time when the solar power generation system becomes usable, until the day when the output voltage becomes usable (a little after sunrise). In the following, it is simply referred to as night. The daytime is roughly the time from sunrise to sunset. Specifically, it refers to the time from when the solar power generation system becomes an output voltage at which solar power can be used through sunrise until the evening when the output voltage becomes unusable (near sunset). Hereafter, it will be simply referred to as daytime.

Note that conventional systems related to load power control including the above-described conventional techniques are disclosed in the following Patent Documents 1 to 5 and the like.
Patent Document 1 discloses a load power management system for convenience stores and the like.
Patent Document 2 discloses an energy storage system and a control method thereof.
In patent document 3, the system which balances load and electric power generation by the natural energy source and portable generator in an refuge is disclosed.
Patent Document 4 discloses a photovoltaic power generation system that includes a light switch, an outlet, and a display device that can check the amount of power supplied to the load in the home.
Patent Document 5 discloses a control method in which each distributed power source is operated in parallel and synchronously without exchanging information such as output power between the distributed power sources when the distributed power sources are independently operated. Has been.
According to Patent Document 6, a storage battery that is discharged with priority given to grid connection is charged quickly in the daytime regardless of whether it is day or night, and the storage battery is kept in a fully charged state as much as possible to prepare for the next independent operation.

JP 2010-16999 A JP 2011-135763 A Japanese Patent No. 4719709 JP 2005-241388 A JP-A-11-89096 JP 2001-224142 A

When a system power outage occurs for a long time due to a large-scale disaster or the like, reliable storage battery recovery charging by system power cannot be performed, and this storage battery recovery charging depends on natural energy.
However, since the photovoltaic power generated by solar energy, which is representative of natural energy, depends on the weather (mainly good or bad, such as whether it is sunny, rainy or cloudy), the above storage battery recovery charge should be managed. This is difficult with conventional systems. It has been further difficult in the conventional system to manage the above-described storage battery recovery charge by power generated by solar energy (solar power) while supplying power to an emergency load day and night.

In the event of a disaster, it is desirable to supply power by independent operation for emergency loads both day and night. However, in the conventional system, it is very difficult to complete the storage battery recovery charge by night to prepare for the independent operation in which the total amount of power at night is covered by the discharge (power supply) from the storage battery while performing the independent operation in the daytime. It was. This is because the solar energy is a variable energy, and the load also fluctuates because there is no use limitation on the load.
Therefore, the storage battery recovery charge is generally performed by the grid power after grid recovery, which is stable, reliable and easy to manage the charge.

  Conventionally, a system capable of charging a storage battery with surplus power during the day while performing independent operation has also been proposed, but photovoltaic power is unstable natural energy that depends on the weather as described above. For this reason, although there is an output restriction by monitoring the storage battery voltage in the power supply by the self-sustained operation, surplus power for charging the storage battery cannot be ensured by night, and recovery charging may not be performed completely. . Therefore, a fatal problem that power cannot be supplied to the emergency lighting or the emergency outlet at night may occur.

  Furthermore, in the conventional system, the total electric energy is supplied by discharging (power feeding) from the storage battery in the independent operation at night, but this total electric energy cannot be easily monitored and managed except for an engineer with specialized knowledge. Therefore, the amount of power used is left to the user. As a result, when the daytime weather is poor on the next day and the amount of photovoltaic power generation is low, the storage battery charge power amount on the next day is low, and recovery charging may not be performed completely. In some cases, it cannot be secured.

In addition, in the conventional system, since the weather of the next day at the installation location cannot be known, the amount of photovoltaic power generation on the next day cannot be predicted. For this reason, it is unclear to what extent the storage battery recovery charge will be performed the next day, and there is a problem that it is unknown how much the storage battery can be discharged today, or the amount of load supply power that is the appropriate storage battery discharge amount. .
For this reason, if the amount of photovoltaic power generation on the next day greatly exceeds the amount of load supply power on the day, the storage capacity of the storage battery is insufficient, and the solar energy that should be able to be stored cannot be stored. As a result, light energy is not utilized.
On the other hand, when the photovoltaic power generation amount of the next day is significantly lower than today's load supply power amount, recovery charging may be incomplete, and it may not be possible to supply power at night or to perform independent operation itself.
Since the next day's solar power generation is used for recovery charging, if the solar power generation amount cannot be predicted from the next day's weather forecast, the load supply power amount that is the appropriate storage battery discharge amount for today will not be known. Then, there is a problem that this point is not considered.

  In a conventional system, a method for stopping a self-sustained operation of a power conditioner (hereinafter abbreviated as a power conditioner) at a discharge end voltage of a storage battery has been proposed. However, in this conventional system, operation control is performed so that the independent operation is stopped at a fixed set value that does not take into account the storage battery recovery charge energy of the next day. For this reason, when the daytime weather is worse on the next day and the storage battery charge power amount (storage battery recovery charge power amount) is insufficient, there is a problem that it becomes impossible to supply power at night the next day.

In addition, in the conventional system, when power is supplied to the outlet load by the power converter's independent operation due to power failure, an indication such as an emergency outlet is provided on the outlet and separate from the general outlet of the general wiring circuit that is supplied by the system power. Build an independent outlet circuit.
However, when power is supplied from this emergency outlet, the emergency outlet and the power conditioner are located away from each other, and the status of the current photovoltaic power generation, the remaining battery charge (storage battery charge rate), load capacity, etc. can be easily I can't figure out. In addition, since there are many users who do not have specialized knowledge, there is a problem that the amount of power supplied to the load, which is an appropriate amount of storage battery discharge, is not known at all. In addition, there are many cases in which the system administrator is also absent, and it is unclear whether the current load is appropriate, and there is a problem that the load (the amount of power supplied to the load) is too much or less usable. .

In addition, in the conventional system, there is a method of adjusting the load (load power supply amount) by giving priority to the emergency outlet and appropriately cutting off the outlet circuit according to the priority.
However, if the load on the emergency outlet that cannot be prioritized at a shelter is unilaterally cut from the viewpoint of power supply management, unfairness will occur when multiple families or groups use the emergency outlet. There is a problem.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in a photovoltaic power generation system that can be operated independently with a storage battery, even if a system power failure occurs in a containment shelter at a disaster, etc. for a long period of time. It is an object of the present invention to make it possible to automatically control an emergency load so as to obtain an optimum load supply electric energy according to the solar energy to be obtained, and to easily adjust the load manually.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 performs system interconnection operation in which power is supplied from a system power and a solar cell to a load when power is supplied from the system, and is disconnected from the system at the time of system power failure. Power conditioner that can be operated independently, and a storage battery that can operate independently at night, and an emergency load that is an emergency load due to an independent load circuit that is different from the load circuit that is supplied from system power during independent operation In a solar power generation system that supplies power to the outlet load and emergency lighting, in the event of a system power failure, in order to prepare for nighttime independent operation, the appropriate load supply power that secures the battery recovery charge energy in the daytime independent operation So that the number of lighting of the emergency lighting is automatically controlled according to the load power amount of the emergency outlet, The power supply to the emergency load while the recovery charge in, characterized by comprising an emergency load control device to complete the recovery charging with solar power generation by night.
Invention of Claim 2 determines the capacity | capacitance of the said emergency lighting and the minimum lighting number from the minimum illumination intensity in a system installation place in the invention of Claim 1, and the capacity | capacitance of a solar cell installation is the capacity | capacitance. And the amount of solar power generated from the minimum number of lighting is set to an equipment capacity that can be secured even in bad weather, and the emergency lighting equipment capacity ensures the minimum illuminance at the system installation location even in bad weather, and the solar cell equipment When the load on the emergency outlet is zero in capacity, the emergency load control device is set to the maximum capacity that consumes the amount of power that can be supplied when the weather is good. The total amount of electricity is covered by the discharge from the storage battery, and the storage battery recovery charging power obtained by subtracting the daytime expected load power supply amount from the daytime photovoltaic power generation amount the next day. By setting the amount of storage battery proper discharge power at night, the storage battery night discharge power can be recovered and recharged during the day, and the night storage battery proper discharge power is determined as the amount of power that can be supplied at night. The emergency lighting is automatically turned on and off between the minimum number of lightings and the maximum number of lightings according to the amount of load power, and the load is always adjusted to the emergency load corresponding to the amount of photovoltaic power generation. It is possible to monitor and cut off the load circuit power of the battery, and when the amount of photovoltaic power generation is small and the load of the emergency outlet is large, the load circuit is cut off to manage the appropriate discharge power amount of the storage battery It is characterized by.
The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 2, wherein the emergency load control device includes the atmospheric pressure data and / or the solar radiation measured every predetermined time by the atmospheric pressure detector and / or the solar radiation amount detector. The next day's daytime weather forecast is performed based on the volume data, and the forecasted sunlight for the next day's day is calculated based on the results of this weather forecast, the temperature data measured every predetermined time by the outside air temperature detector, and the actual amount of photovoltaic power generation. By calculating the amount of power generated and automatically controlling the number of emergency lightings in accordance with the load power amount of the emergency outlet in the amount of power that can be supplied at night on the next day, the expected solar power generation amount and the load supply power amount can be calculated. The load is adjusted to be equal.

According to the present invention, in the event of a disaster, solar energy can be effectively supplied to a load, the reliability of storage battery recovery charging by solar energy can be improved, and power can be stably supplied to a containment shelter or the like. It becomes.
Also, let us know from the number of lighting of the emergency lighting whether it is appropriate for the solar energy that can obtain the load power amount of the emergency outlet such as a containment shelter even if a system power failure occurs for a long time, By allowing the user to easily adjust the load, it is possible to supply power stably for a long period of time.

It is a block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view which expands and shows the emergency outlet in FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol shows the same or an equivalent part between each figure.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a photovoltaic power generation system according to the present invention.
The solar power generation system shown in FIG. 1 is installed in a containment shelter or the like when a disaster occurs, and includes a solar cell 1, a connection box 2, a DC / DC converter 3, a DC / AC inverter 4, and a storage battery. The system main body comprised with the power conditioner 7 which consists of the charging / discharging apparatus 5 and the power condition control part 6, and the storage battery 8 is provided.
This system main body performs a grid connection operation in which power is supplied from the grid power (power source) 9 to the general load 10 by the power conditioner 7 and is disconnected from the grid 9 in the event of a system power failure. And can operate independently.
The battery 8 is provided so that it can be operated independently at night, and an independent emergency load different from the general load 10 supplied from the system power during the independent operation, in the illustrated example, the load of the emergency outlet 15 and the emergency lighting 18a. A known solar power generation system (known system) for supplying power to the power source is configured.
Here, a plurality of emergency outlets 15 are provided to constitute an emergency outlet group 14, and each emergency outlet 15 is provided with an outlet power lamp 16 and an outlet alarm buzzer 17. A group (emergency illumination group 18) is also provided with a plurality of emergency illuminations 18a.
The load on the emergency outlet 15 refers to a load connected to the emergency outlet 15. The load of the emergency outlet 15 and the emergency lighting 18a are collectively referred to as an emergency load. Moreover, the load of the emergency outlet 15 and the emergency lighting 18a are each also referred to as a load circuit, and the electric power may indicate the amount of electric power.

The solar power generation system shown in FIG. 1 is obtained by adding the following configuration to the above-described known system.
That is, an emergency load power distribution unit 11 including a load switch (electromagnetic switch or the like) 12 and a power detection unit 13, a storage battery power detection unit (DC voltage and charging current / discharge current detection unit) 19, and an outside air temperature detection unit 20. The atmospheric pressure detection unit 21, the emergency load control device 22, and the solar radiation amount detection unit 23 are added.

In the above configuration, the photovoltaic power generation system according to the present embodiment performs load control for independent operation as follows.
That is, the storage battery voltage detected by the storage battery power detection unit 19 as means for monitoring the state of charge of the storage battery 8, the air temperature detected by the outside air temperature detection unit 20, the atmospheric pressure detected by the atmospheric pressure detection unit 21, and the solar radiation amount detection By the amount of solar radiation detected by the unit 23 and the yesterday (for example, January 1, here is also the day before the occurrence of a power failure) from the power condition control unit 6, daytime solar power generation amount (actual solar power generation power amount), The next day (January 2: Power outage occurrence day) Calculates the expected amount of photovoltaic power generation in the daytime. The actual amount of photovoltaic power generation is known on the day, here yesterday, after sunset, and at this time (at sunset), the storage battery 8 is fully charged.
Then, the predicted storage battery recovery charge energy (storage battery 8 recovers to full charge) by subtracting the expected load supply power amount of the emergency outlet 15 in the daytime (January 2) from the calculated predicted photovoltaic power generation amount on the next day (January 2). To calculate the amount of charging power).
The predicted storage battery recovery charge energy amount and the load supplyable energy amount that is the total energy amount at night (from the sunset of January 2 to the sunrise of January 3) on the next day (January 2) are almost the same. The emergency load power distribution unit 11 is subjected to load control for independent operation so as to be equal.
The above calculation and control are performed by the emergency load control device 22.

  The emergency load control device 22 can detect (monitor) the power of the load of the emergency outlet 15. The emergency load control device 22 can control the emergency load distribution unit 11 to control the opening / closing of each emergency outlet 15 and each emergency lighting 18a. In addition, it is possible to control the generation of warning sound from a warning sound source that warns power supply display and interruption.

The emergency load control device 22 gives priority to the grid-linked operation when the system is normal, and automatically starts the independent operation when the system fails. During the daytime, while monitoring the power (DC voltage / charge / discharge current) of the solar cell 1 and the storage battery 8, the atmospheric pressure measured by the atmospheric pressure detection unit 21 every predetermined time is accumulated in a database built in itself. Similarly, the air temperature detected by the outside air temperature detection unit 20, the solar radiation amount detected by the solar radiation amount detection unit 23, the actual amount of solar power generated in the daytime yesterday from the power condition control unit 6, and the like are also stored in the database. . In addition to the above, various data from all circuits and devices connected to the emergency load control device 22 may be used as the expected load supply power amount of the emergency outlet 15 in the daytime.
Then, based on the atmospheric pressure data measured every predetermined time by the atmospheric pressure detection unit, particularly the atmospheric pressure gradient obtained by comparing the atmospheric pressure data with the value after a lapse of time, the daytime weather (for example, sunny, cloudy, rainy) ) Is predicted (weather forecast). Then, based on the obtained weather prediction result, yesterday's actual solar radiation amount and actual solar power generation power amount, an expected solar power generation amount during the daytime of the next day is calculated.

In addition to the atmospheric pressure gradient, the daytime weather forecast for the next day is performed using humidity, average solar radiation at the system installation location already disclosed by the Japan Meteorological Agency, etc., in addition to the temperature, solar radiation, and actual photovoltaic power generation. May be.
In the present embodiment, the predicted solar power generation amount in the daytime of the next day is obtained based on the obtained weather prediction result, yesterday's actual solar radiation amount, and actual solar power generation power amount. Then, in the amount of power that can be supplied at night (the day after yesterday), the amount of power that can be supplied at night depends on the predicted amount of photovoltaic power generation and the load power of the emergency outlet 15. The number of lighting of the emergency lighting 18a is automatically controlled. In other words, the emergency lighting 18a is configured so that the expected solar power generation power amount and the emergency load power supply amount are equal to each other so that the emergency load power supply amount matches the expected solar power generation amount. Control the number of lights (load adjustment control).

Based on the pressure gradient, the daytime weather prediction is performed the next day, and the provisional predicted photovoltaic power generation amount is corrected based on the temperature of yesterday and the next day, that is, the temperature of today.
Then, the number of lighting of the emergency lighting 18a at night today is automatically controlled by the above-mentioned corrected predicted amount of photovoltaic power generation and the amount of load power of the emergency outlet 15, so that the expected amount of photovoltaic power generation The number of lighting of the emergency lighting 18a may be controlled (load adjustment control) so that the emergency load supply power amount becomes equal.

  An error always occurs between the predicted photovoltaic power generation amount obtained above and the actual photovoltaic power generation amount. When the predicted amount of photovoltaic power generation is lower than the actual amount of photovoltaic power generation, the storage battery recovery charge energy is secured, and solar energy obtained by supplying surplus power to the outlet load during the day is effectively utilized. If the estimated amount of photovoltaic power generation exceeds the actual amount of photovoltaic power generation, the storage battery recovery charge amount may be insufficient. (Planned outlet load supply power amount) is reduced, and the generated power is distributed with priority on storage battery recovery charge.

Whether the emergency lighting 18a is turned on or off is determined by the emergency load control device 22 to turn on or off the emergency lighting 18a based on the illuminance obtained by the solar radiation amount detection unit 23 or the output power of the power conditioner 7. By turning on and off automatically, it is possible to prevent unnecessary lighting during daytime, forgetting to turn off from night to morning, and unnecessary early lighting from daytime to evening.
Thereby, realization of energy saving and reduction of lighting equipment managers can be performed.
Further, the emergency load control device 22 monitors the power for each load of the emergency outlets 15 so that the power of each emergency outlet 15 can be supplied fairly. Then, if the number of lighting of the emergency lighting 18a is controlled according to the load of the emergency outlet 15 so that appropriate load control can be performed, that is, the number of lighting is increased or decreased, the current power status is used by the load of the emergency outlet 15 Can be informed. As a result, the load of the emergency outlet 15 of the user is urged to be adjusted, and the power supply corresponding to the photovoltaic power generation of the next day is easily loaded by the user of the next day, that is, the user of the current day. Can be controlled.

When the load of the emergency outlet 15 having a large load capacity is used even though the emergency lighting 18a reaches the minimum number of lights, a warning may be given to the user of the load of the emergency outlet 15. it can. The warning is performed by blinking the outlet power lamp 16 for displaying the power supply provided in the emergency outlet 15 or by a warning sound from a warning sound source provided in the emergency outlet 15. After the outlet power lamp 16 blinks or a warning sound is generated, the emergency outlet 15 (load circuit) is shut off by the load switch 12 of the emergency load distribution unit 11 to prevent overdischarge of the storage battery 8. it can.
Each of the outlet power lamps 16 is turned on when the power to the load of the emergency outlet 15 is supplied, and is turned off when the power is cut off.

Even if the self-sustained operation lasts for a long period of time, the next day's storage battery recovery charge can be performed reliably by controlling the forecast and emergency load of the next day's photovoltaic power generation. It can be used effectively today that is the next day.
In addition, when a system | strain (system power supply 9) returns normally, storage battery recovery charge is performed by system | strain electric power similarly to the case of a well-known system.

The emergency load control device 22 is a mode for switching modes such as an automatic mode that is automatically performed, a manual mode that is manually performed, a test mode that performs a test, and an initial setting mode that is used for initial setting for emergency load control. Switching means (not shown) is provided.
In the initial setting mode, input means for various settings used to warn the load of the emergency outlet 15 and the like, the capacity and number of circuits of the solar battery 1, storage battery 8, emergency lighting 18a, emergency outlet 15, etc. And input means for setting time-dependent elements necessary for controlling them. The emergency load control is performed according to the setting in the initial setting mode as described above.
The emergency load control device 22 transmits and receives various data related to the operating state of the power conditioner 7 and the photovoltaic power generation by communication with the power condition control unit 6 of the power conditioner 7. According to the reception of data related to the operating state of the power conditioner 7 and the photovoltaic power generation, the actual amount of solar radiation and the actual amount of photovoltaic power generation can be calculated and used for emergency load control.

In more detail, the solar power generation system according to the present embodiment is configured as follows.
The lighting number control of the emergency lighting 18a at night is the automatic load adjustment control by the emergency load control device 22 as described above, but the load adjustment of the load of the emergency outlet 15 is performed by the human load adjustment by the user. Do. For this reason, the emergency lighting 18a, which is the target of automatic control, is not provided with an on / off switch.
When the load of the emergency outlet 15 at night exceeds the load adjustment range by the emergency lighting 18a and when the expected load supply power amount of the emergency outlet 15 at daytime is exceeded, the circuit (outlet circuit) is cut off. And disconnected from the emergency outlet 15.

The installation capacity of the solar cell 1 (solar cell installation capacity) ensures the minimum illuminance at the system installation site such as a containment shelter even with the least amount of solar power generated during cloudy or rainy weather in winter when the sunshine hours are short Therefore, the installation capacity is set so as to cover the minimum load power supply amount of the necessary emergency lighting 18a.
The equipment capacity of the emergency lighting group 18 (emergency lighting equipment capacity) is set to the equipment capacity that can be consumed by the emergency lighting 18a even when there is no load on the emergency outlet group 14 when the maximum amount of photovoltaic power generation is reached. Has been. Therefore, if there is no load of the emergency outlet group 14 when the maximum amount of photovoltaic power generation is reached, all the emergency lights 18a are turned on.
The number of lighting of the emergency lighting 18a is automatically turned on / off from the smallest number (for example, two lights) to the largest number (for example, seven lights) according to the load power supply amount of the emergency outlet group 14. This emergency lighting control is performed by the emergency load control device 22, and the emergency load control device 22 predicts the sum of the load supply power amount of the emergency lighting 18 a and the load supply power amount of the emergency outlet 15 as expected sunlight. It controls by said automatic lighting-off so that it may become the same as generated electric energy.

  The emergency load control device 22 subtracts the load power supply amount at the time when the emergency lighting 18a is at least lit from the above-mentioned predicted photovoltaic power generation amount to obtain the suppliable power amount of the emergency outlet group 14, and the emergency power at that time The allowable maximum power of the power outlet 15 is also obtained.

If the number of lights on the emergency lighting 18a reaches the minimum number of lights (2 lights) at night the next day when the expected amount of photovoltaic power generation predicted yesterday is low, the emergency lighting 18a secures the minimum illumination intensity that is the minimum number of lights Since it is necessary to do this, the number of lighting cannot be reduced any more. Therefore, in this case, when the output (total load power) of the power conditioner 7 exceeds the allowable maximum power, the emergency load control device 22 has a predetermined time for the outlet power lamp 16 with respect to the protruding outlet circuit (load circuit). Or a warning sound from the outlet alarm buzzer 17 to inform the user to reduce the load on the emergency outlet 15. If the load of the emergency outlet 15 is not reduced, the outlet circuit of the emergency outlet 15 is blocked by the load switch 12 to prevent overload.
The emergency load control device 22 performs control so that the total load power amount of the load power amount of the emergency lighting 18a and the load power amount of the emergency outlet 15 is always equal to the power that can be supplied at that time. Therefore, when the load on the emergency outlet 15 is reduced, the number of lighting of the emergency lighting 18a is increased, and when the load on the emergency outlet 15 is increased, the number of lighting of the emergency lighting 18a is decreased. When the minimum number of lights is reached, the number of lights does not decrease any more, and the necessary minimum illuminance at night is secured at a system installation location such as a containment shelter.

According to the present embodiment described above, solar energy can be effectively supplied to the load in the event of a disaster, and the reliability of storage battery recovery charging by solar energy is improved, so that power can be stably supplied to a containment shelter or the like. It becomes possible to do.
In addition, even if a system power failure occurs for a long period of time, the number of lighting of the emergency lighting 18a is informed of whether or not the load power amount of the emergency outlet 15 such as a containment shelter is appropriate. By making load adjustment possible, it is possible to supply power stably for a long period of time.
Since the user can easily perform the load adjustment that determines the depth of discharge of the storage battery 8 by self-sustained operation, recovery charging to the storage battery 8 by the solar energy of the next day is reliably performed, and the expected life of the storage battery 8 is ensured. The performance of the storage battery 8 can be fully exhibited.

In the known solar power generation system, the power failure time of the system is targeted for a short time of about 1 hour to less than 1 day, the capacity of the storage battery is determined from the required load supply power amount such as important load, and the recovery charge is It is assumed that power will be restored. The storage battery installation capacity is generally a short-time solar power generation system obtained from the required load supply power amount in an emergency regardless of the solar battery installation capacity.
On the other hand, in the photovoltaic power generation system of the present embodiment, the required power amount of the emergency load is determined by the emergency lighting equipment capacity such as a containment shelter, the emergency outlet equipment capacity, and the power supply time to them. The main purpose is to establish an independent photovoltaic power generation system that can handle system power outages over a period of time. And since the storage battery installation capacity is determined so as to complete the storage battery recovery charge with the daily solar power generation electric energy, the equipment usage rate of the system becomes higher than that of a known solar power generation system.

Moreover, it is not necessary to provide the storage battery 8 more than necessary by selecting a storage battery capacity that matches the capacity of the solar battery, and an economical system can be constructed.
Furthermore, it is possible to prevent overload by automatically controlling the number of lighting of the emergency lighting 18a according to the load of the emergency outlet 15 corresponding to the photovoltaic power generation amount of the next day, and also prevent the load shortage due to self-containment of the power consumption. It is possible to effectively use solar energy at the time of system power failure.
In addition, by predicting the photovoltaic power generation and controlling the emergency load, it is possible to supply power stably for a long period of time.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the storage battery facility capacity is determined so as to complete the storage battery recovery charge with the daily photovoltaic power generation amount has been described. Since the present invention focuses on stably continuing long-term self-sustained operation with a storage battery facility capacity corresponding to the solar cell facility capacity, for example, a storage battery with a solar power generation amount of 2 days You may make it complete recovery charge.

  The emergency lighting 18a is automatically turned on and off, and the current power is detected by the power detection unit 13 provided in each circuit (outlet circuit) of the emergency outlet 15, whereby the emergency outlet 15 being used is detected. It is possible to easily know what the load is in the number of lights. Moreover, it is possible to prevent overload by shutting off the circuit unit of the emergency outlet 15. Therefore, for example, when a plurality of families or groups use the emergency outlet 15, power can be supplied fairly, and the load adjustment by the user of the emergency outlet 15 who is an evacuee, for example, other than an engineer with specialized knowledge Can be easily performed.

Furthermore, since various set values can be input to the emergency load control device 22, it is possible to flexibly adapt to different system installation locations, the capacity of each facility of the solar cell 1, storage battery 8, emergency lighting 18a, emergency outlet 15, etc. Yes.
Moreover, the solar power generation system of this embodiment can be constructed | assembled by providing emergency load equipment, the emergency load control apparatus 22, etc. in the well-known solar power generation system provided with the existing storage battery. That is, the solar power generation system of the present embodiment can be constructed regardless of the power conditioner manufacturer, and a scalable and stable solar power generation system can be provided.

  1: solar cell, 6: power conditioner control unit, 7: power conditioner (power conditioner), 8: storage battery, 9: system power supply, 10: general load, 11: emergency load distribution unit, 12: load switch, 13: Power detection unit, 14: emergency outlet group, 15: emergency outlet, 16: outlet power lamp, 17: outlet alarm buzzer, 18: emergency lighting group, 18a: emergency lighting, 19: storage battery power detection unit, 20 : Outside air temperature detection unit, 21: atmospheric pressure detection unit, 22: emergency load control device, 23: solar radiation amount detection unit.

Claims (3)

When power is supplied from the grid, a grid-connected operation that supplies power to the load from the grid power and solar cells is possible. In a photovoltaic power generation system that supplies power to an emergency outlet load and emergency lighting by an independent load circuit that is different from a load circuit that is supplied from system power during independent operation,
If a system power failure occurs, in preparation for nighttime independent operation,
In daytime self-sustained operation, the number of lighting of the emergency lighting is automatically controlled according to the load power amount of the emergency outlet so that it becomes an appropriate load supply power amount that secures the storage battery recovery charge power amount. An emergency load control device is provided that supplies power to the emergency load while performing recovery charging on the storage battery according to the amount of photovoltaic power generation, and completes recovery charging by photovoltaic power generation by night. Solar power system. The solar cell capacity is
The capacity of the emergency lighting and the minimum number of lighting are determined from the necessary minimum illuminance at the system installation location, and the photovoltaic power generation amount obtained from the capacity and the minimum number of lighting is set to the facility capacity that can be secured even in bad weather,
Emergency lighting equipment capacity is
Even when the weather is bad, the minimum illuminance at the system installation location is ensured, and when the load on the emergency outlet is zero in the solar cell facility capacity, the facility will be the maximum number of lights that consumes the amount of power that can be supplied when the weather is good The emergency load control device set to capacity
In stand-alone operation at night, the total amount of power is covered by the discharge from the storage battery, and the total amount of power is obtained by subtracting the expected load supply power amount during the daytime from the solar power generation amount during the daytime. By setting the amount of power to be the appropriate discharge power amount for the storage battery at night, so that the storage battery night discharge power amount can be recovered and recharged in the daytime, the night battery appropriate discharge power amount is determined as the amount of power that can be supplied at night. The emergency lighting is automatically turned on and off between the minimum number of lights and the maximum number of lights depending on the load power amount of the outlet, and the load is adjusted to the emergency load that always matches the amount of photovoltaic power generation. It is possible to monitor and shut off the load circuit of the outlet, and when the amount of photovoltaic power generation is small and the load of the emergency outlet is large, the load circuit is cut off so that the appropriate discharge energy of the storage battery is Solar power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that sense. The emergency load control device is:
Based on the atmospheric pressure data and / or the solar radiation amount data measured every predetermined time by the atmospheric pressure detection unit and / or the solar radiation amount detection unit, the daytime weather forecast is performed on the next day, and the result of the weather prediction and the outside air temperature detection unit Based on the temperature data measured every hour and the actual amount of photovoltaic power generated, the estimated amount of photovoltaic power generated in the day is calculated the next day. 3. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 2, wherein the load is adjusted so that the expected photovoltaic power generation amount is equal to the load supply power amount by automatically controlling the number of lighting of the lighting for lighting.

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