JP4994962B2 - Gas-solid separator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a gas-solid separator for separating a mixture of solid particles and a gas from each other.

  A reaction system in which particulate solid (solid particles) is used as a catalyst or a heat medium and brought into contact with a reactant has been known for a long time. Among such fluidized bed reactors which are reaction systems, there are those using a dense fluidized bed (bubble fluidized bed) and those using a high-speed moving bed (high-speed fluidized bed). High-speed moving beds are used for reactions that require a shorter contact time between solid particles and gas (short contact time reactions). At present, in a fluid catalytic cracking apparatus that manufactures gasoline using heavy oil or the like as a raw material oil, an upflow type high-speed moving bed reactor called a riser is the mainstream. The reason for this is that the contact time can be shortened along with the improvement of the catalyst performance, thereby increasing the selectivity of a preferable product such as gasoline and suppressing an undesirable overdecomposition reaction.

  In high-speed moving bed reactors, the mixture of product gas and solid particles (particulate solid catalyst) flows out of the reactor outlet, but in this type of apparatus where a short contact time reaction is required, the mixture is separated from the solid particles. How quickly (particulate solid catalyst) can be separated is an important issue, and the performance of the separator is important.

As such a gas-solid separator, for example, those shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3 are known.
JP-A-10-249122 US Pat. No. 6,146,597 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-249121

  However, it has been found that conventional gas-solid separators do not have sufficient separation efficiency.

  Then, this invention was made in view of the said subject, and it aims at providing the gas-solid separator which can improve the separation efficiency of a solid particle and gas more compared with the former thing. To do.

  The gas-solid separator according to the present invention includes a vertically extending inner cylinder having a closed lower end and an opened upper end, a coaxially covering the inner cylinder from the outside, and a gas vent opening communicating with the outside. And a plurality of guide vanes that protrude outward and extend in the axial direction of the inner cylinder, respectively, corresponding to the plurality of guide vanes. And a plurality of guide vanes, each of which is inclined in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder so as to cover a corresponding one of the plurality of openings, and the upper portion of the guide vanes. The total size of the opening widths of the plurality of openings in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder at the first height corresponding to is the inner cylinder at the second height positioned below the first height. To be larger than the sum of the opening widths of multiple openings in the circumferential direction It is constant.

  In the gas-solid separator according to the present invention, when a mixture of solid particles and gas is supplied downward from the opening of the inner cylinder, the mixture is discharged downward from each opening into the outer cylinder. The gas discharged from each opening advances further downward while being swirled slightly along the inner surface of the guide vane, but since the gas outlet is provided at the top of the cylinder, the direction is reversed upward, After flowing upward along the outer surface of the guide vane, it is discharged from the gas vent. On the other hand, some of the solid particles discharged from each opening collide with the inner surface of the guide vane, and fall downward along the inner surface of the guide vane. Further, the remaining solid particles are accompanied by the gas going to the gas outlet. A small number of solid particles accompanying the gas are discharged from the gas outlet as they are, but most of the solid particles accompanying the gas have their inertia when the gas flow reverses from downward to upward. It is separated from the gas due to its own weight and descends mainly along the inner wall while turning downward. Therefore, the gas-solid separator can effectively separate the mixture of solid particles and gas into solid particles and gas.

  Here, assuming that the total size of the opening widths of the plurality of openings in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder is the same at any height, the ease with which solid particles and gas are discharged from the openings is When considered, solid particles are likely to be discharged from the lower portion of the opening due to its inertia. Gas is also easily discharged from the lower part of the opening due to the influence of inertia and the force received from the flow of solid particles.

  Therefore, in the gas-solid separator according to the present invention, the sum of the opening widths of the plurality of openings in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder at the first height corresponding to the upper portion of the guide vane is the first height. The opening width of the plurality of openings in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder at the second height located below the height is set to be larger than the total size. Therefore, the gas is likely to be discharged from a portion near the first height in the opening, and may be discharged from a portion near the second height in the opening along with the flow of the solid particles. It is suppressed. As a result, it is possible to further improve the separation efficiency between the solid particles and the gas as compared with the conventional one.

  Preferably, the opening has an upper portion corresponding to the upper portion of the guide vane and a lower portion corresponding to the lower portion of the guide vane, and the upper portion in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder at the first height. Is set to be larger than the opening width of the lower portion in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder at the second height.

  More preferably, the opening has a trapezoidal shape in which the upper base located corresponding to the upper part of the guide vane is larger than the lower base located corresponding to the lower part of the guide vane.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the gas-solid separator which can improve the isolation | separation efficiency of a solid particle and gas more compared with the former thing can be provided.

  Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements or elements having the same function, and a duplicate description is omitted.

  First, with reference to FIGS. 1-4, the structure of the gas-solid separator 100 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated. The gas-solid separator 100 is configured in a substantially cylindrical double structure mainly composed of an inner cylinder 10 fixed coaxially and an outer cylinder 2 also serving as an envelope, and is used in a vertically extending posture. The

(Inner cylinder structure)
The inner cylinder 10 has a bottomed cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction, a lower end thereof is closed by a bottom plate 11, and an upper end thereof is opened to serve as an introduction port 1. A mixture of solid particles (particulate solid catalyst) and gas is introduced into the inner cylinder 10 from the inlet 1.

  Regarding the dimension of the inner cylinder 10, its outer diameter D3 is preferably the same as that of a mixture transfer pipe (not shown) that is directly connected to the upstream side, but in order to obtain an appropriate linear velocity of the mixture passing through the inner cylinder 10. It may be down or up. Specifically, the inner cylinder 10 has a linear velocity of 1 m / s to 100 m / s, preferably 3 m / s to 30 m / s, more preferably 10 m / s to 20 m / s. It is preferable to set the diameter.

  On the side surface of the inner cylinder 10 on the bottom plate 11 side, a plurality of openings 4 are formed in the circumferentially equally divided portion. In the present embodiment, twelve openings 4 are formed on the side surface of the inner cylinder 10, but may be two or more, preferably eight to sixteen, more preferably ten to fourteen. is there. When the opening 4 is single (less than two), it is inconvenient because it is not possible to satisfactorily form the reversal of the air flow necessary for separation in the inner and outer cylinder gaps. In the case where more than 16 openings 4 are formed, although generally depending on the size of the inner cylinder 10 and the like, the separator is generally complicated and expensive. It will not be recognized.

  The opening 4 is configured by one opening in the present embodiment, and includes a substantially rectangular upper portion 4a extending in the axial direction and a substantially rectangular lower portion 4b extending in the axial direction. The opening width W1 of the upper portion 4a is set to be larger than the opening width W2 of the lower portion 4b, as shown in detail in FIGS.

  The opening area of the opening 4 is such that the linear velocity of the mixture passing through the opening 4 according to the supply amount of the mixture is 1 m / s to 40 m / s, preferably 3 m / s to 25 m / s, more preferably 3 m / s. It is determined to be ˜15 m / s. When the linear velocity of the mixture passing through the opening 4 is smaller than 1 m / s, it is not preferable because the velocity of the mixture is slow and separation becomes insufficient. Moreover, when the linear velocity of the mixture which passes the opening part 4 is larger than 40 m / s, since the abrasion of the opening part 4, the guide blade 5, and the side wall of the outer cylinder 2 becomes intense, it is not preferable.

  When the opening area of the opening 4 is determined, the length L1 and opening width W1 of the upper portion 4a and the length L2 and opening width W2 of the lower portion 4b can be determined accordingly. If the opening width W1 of the upper portion 4a is larger than the opening width W2 of the lower portion 4b, each of the length L1 and opening width W1 of the upper portion 4a and the length L2 and opening width W2 of the lower portion 4b. In this embodiment, the length L1 of the upper portion 4a can be set to a size of about 0.5 to 5 times the length L2 of the lower portion 4b. The opening width W1 of the portion 4a can be set to about 1.1 to 5 times the opening width W2 of the lower portion 4b.

  On the side surface of the inner cylinder 10 corresponding to these openings 4, a long curved plate-like guide blade 5 that protrudes outward is provided. That is, the same number of guide vanes 5 as the openings 4 are provided along one long side edge of the openings 4. These guide blades 5 form a certain angle with the inner cylinder radial direction. That is, each guide blade 5 is provided so as to be inclined in a certain circumferential direction so as to cover each opening 4. The inclined shape may be curved as shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, or may be flat as shown in a longitudinal sectional view in FIG. 5 (a). 5 (b), it may be a plate that is broken in the middle as shown in the longitudinal sectional view.

  When each guide blade 5 is curved, it is preferable that the side facing the opening 4 is a curved surface, particularly a circular arc, as shown in detail in FIG. In the case of a circular arc in section, when the radius is r, the outer diameter of the inner cylinder 10 is D3, and the inner diameter of the central outer cylinder 2a is D1, the radius r is 0.4 × (D1-D3) ≦ r. It is preferable that the angle is set to satisfy ≦ 0.5 × (D1-D3) and the apex angle is set to 70 ° to 120 °.

  In addition, it is preferable that all the guide blades 5 have the same shape and are attached so that all the guide blades 5 are located at the circumferential equal dividing points so that a smooth operation can be obtained as the separator as a whole. Further, the guide blades 5 having a configuration divided into a plurality of parts corresponding to one opening 4 can be provided.

Radial protrusion length P of each guide vane 5 (see FIG. 3), that is, (distance R-0.5 × center C of inner cylinder 10 and tip F of guide vane 5 × outer diameter D3 of inner cylinder 10) Is preferably set as the following equation with the inner diameter of the central outer cylinder 2a as D1.
P = (R−0.5 × D3) = 0.5 × (D1−D3) × b
(Here, b is 0.2 to 0.99, preferably 0.7 to 0.95.)

  If b is smaller than 0.2, that is, if the radial protrusion length P of the guide blade 5 is too small, the airflow ejected from the opening 4 is not clearly reversed, which is not preferable. If b is larger than 0.99, that is, if the protruding length P in the radial direction of the guide vanes is too large, the gap between the outer cylinder and the guide vanes becomes too small and the guide vanes and the outer cylinder come into contact with each other.

The vertical length of the guide vane 5 is preferably set so as to satisfy (L1 + L2) / 2 ≦ the vertical length of the guide vane 5 ≦ the vertical length of the outer cylinder 2, more preferably ( L1 + L2) ≦ vertical length of guide blade 5 ≦ 0.8 × vertical length of outer cylinder 2 is set to be satisfied, more preferably (length L1 of upper portion 4a + length of lower portion 4b) Is set to the same level as L2).

(Configuration of outer cylinder)
The outer cylinder 2 is a cylindrical body that covers the inner cylinder 10 from the outside and is positioned coaxially with the inner cylinder 10. The outer cylinder 2 includes, in order from the top, a gas guide cylinder 2c, a cylindrical central outer cylinder 2a, a conical cylinder 2d, and a particle extraction pipe 2e. The central outer cylinder 2a is arranged so as to surround a portion 10a in which a plurality of openings 4 in the inner cylinder 10 are formed. The central outer cylinder 2b preferably extends further downward than the bottom plate 11 of the inner cylinder 10.

In the present embodiment, the inner diameter D1 of the central outer cylinder 2a is set between the central outer cylinder 2a and the inner cylinder 10 when the mixture descends in the inner cylinder 10 at a cross-sectional average linear velocity of 1.5 m / s. preferably the cross-sectional average linear velocity U _d of the rising gas is set to be equal to or less than 6 m / s, and more preferably cross sectional average linear velocity U _d is set to be equal to or less than 5 m / s. When U _d exceeds 6 m / s, it tends solid particles are entrained in the rising air, is difficult to separate the solid. Although there is no particular lower limit for U _d , it is preferably 2 m / s or more from the viewpoint of reducing the residence time of the gas in the separator.

Here, cross-sectional average linear velocity _{U d} is the outer diameter of the inner cylinder 10 D3, the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 10 D3 '(≒ D3), the linear velocity of the mixture down the inner tube 10 _{U 10,} mixture If the volume fraction of gas is ε,
(Π / 4) (D3 ′) ² · U ₁₀ · ε = (π / 4) ((D1) ² − (D3) ² ) · U _d
Can be obtained. In general, ε can be approximated as 1.

D1 is within a range that satisfies the above condition.
1.1 × D3 ≦ D1 ≦ 5 × D3
Preferably set to satisfy
1.1 × D3 ≦ D1 ≦ 3 × D3
It is more preferable to set so as to satisfy.

In addition, when the height of the central outer cylinder 2a is La, it is preferable that La is 0.8 to 10 times the inner diameter D3 of the inner cylinder 10. If importance is attached to shortening the residence time, it is preferable to shorten La according to (length L1 of upper portion 4a + length L2 of lower portion 4b). Specifically, La is preferably 1 to 5 times D3. Moreover, suitable height La of the center outer cylinder 2a is:
(L1 + L2) = La × a
(Here, a is 0.1 to 0.99, preferably 0.7 to 0.95.)

  A cylindrical gas guide tube 2c having a diameter smaller than that of the center outer tube 2a is disposed on the center outer tube 2a, and gas outlets 6 are formed at two opposing positions on the side surface of the gas guide tube 2c. Has been. A gas extraction pipe 7 that communicates with the outside and extends in the radial direction is connected to the gas extraction outlet 6. The gas extraction pipe 7 may be inclined upward or downward.

  On the other hand, the lower end of the central outer cylinder 2a is connected with a conical portion 2d having a reduced diameter and a particle extraction tube 2e with a small diameter in this order. Solid particles are discharged from the particle outlet 3 at the lower end of the particle extraction pipe 2e. A steady gas is not discharged from the particle extraction port 3 of the particle extraction tube 2e, but the gas is steadily discharged only through the gas extraction tube 7. Further, the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 10 communicate with each other only through the opening 4. The opening diameter of the particle outlet 3 of the particle extraction pipe 2e is preferably 0.6 to 2 times the outer diameter D3 of the inner cylinder 10.

  Each of the above-described parts is formed using an appropriate material that can withstand a chemical reaction. For example, stainless steel with good workability and good chemical resistance is a suitable material. In addition, the above-described units may be configured by appropriately combining different materials. That is, each part mentioned above should just be what can obtain required rigidity and tolerance.

(Operation method and action)
Subsequently, an operation method and operation of the gas-solid separator 100 will be described. A mixture of gas (viscosity μ [Pa · s]) and solid particles (average particle diameter d _p [m], particle density ρ _p [kg / m ³ ]) is transferred from the inlet 1 of the inner cylinder 10 to the inner cylinder 10. It is introduced downward at a predetermined speed (cross-sectional average linear velocity U [m / s]). The solid particles are not particularly limited, for example, an average particle size of about _{d p} is 1Myuemu～500myuemu, particle density [rho _p is 1.5g ^/ cm ³ ~2.5g ^/ cm 3 order of fluid catalytic catalyst (FCC) or the like Is mentioned. Further, the viscosity μ of the gas is usually about 0.001 Pa · s to 0.000005 Pa · s.

  Since the lower end portion of the inner cylinder 10 is closed by the bottom plate 11, a part of the solid particles directly collides with the bottom plate 11 just after the start of introduction, but a solid particle layer (catalyst bed) is gradually formed. Therefore, after that, the bottom plate 11 is protected from the collision and impact of the solid particles.

  The flow of the mixture (solid particles and gas) steadily moving from the top to the bottom of the figure is blocked by the bottom plate 11 and the solid particle layer and given a speed in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction). It protrudes from the plurality of formed openings 4 to the side and downward (see FIGS. 2 and 4). Here, in FIG.2 and FIG.4, the flow of gas is represented by the solid line arrow, and the flow of the solid particle is represented by the dotted line arrow.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 4, after the gas flows downward from the opening 4, the gas is guided to the inner surface 5 a of the guide vane 5, and then slightly swiveled clockwise as viewed from above the vertical axis. Then, it rises along the outer surface 5b of the guide blade 5 adjacent in the clockwise direction and is discharged from the gas vent 6.

  On the other hand, a part of the solid particles collides with the inner surface 5a of the guide blade 5 and moves downward along the inner surface. Further, the remaining solid particles accompany the gas toward the gas outlet 6. A very small number of solid particles accompanying the gas are discharged from the gas outlet 6 as they are, but most of the solid particles accompanying the gas are changed when the gas flow is reversed from downward to upward. Due to inertia and dead weight, the gas leaves the gas and proceeds downward, and as shown in FIG. 2, it turns along the inner surface of the conical portion 2 d and is discharged from the particle outlet 3. Therefore, the gas-solid separator 100 according to this embodiment can effectively separate the mixture of solid particles and gas into solid particles and gas.

  Here, assuming that the total size of the opening widths of the plurality of openings in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder is the same at any height, the ease with which solid particles and gas are discharged from the openings is When considered, solid particles are easily discharged from the lower part of the opening due to their own weight. Moreover, gas is also easily discharged from the lower part of the opening due to the influence of shear stress received from the flow of solid particles.

  However, in the gas-solid separator 100 according to the present embodiment, the opening width W1 of the upper portion 4a of the opening 4 is set to be larger than the opening width W2 of the lower portion 4b of the opening 4. Therefore, gas becomes easy to be discharged | emitted from the upper part 4a of the opening part 4, and it is suppressed that it discharges | emits from the lower part 4b of the opening part 4 with the flow of a solid particle. As a result, it is possible to further improve the separation efficiency between the solid particles and the gas as compared with the conventional one.

Here, in the gas-solid separator 100 according to the present embodiment, a test for confirming that the separation efficiency is further improved was performed. As a test, an average particle diameter d _p = 68 μm and a particle density ρ _p = 1.2 g / cm ³ using gas-solid separators having configurations of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 shown below. The solid particles were separated from air having a viscosity μ = 0.000023 Pa · s containing the solid particles (particulate solid catalyst). The supply amount of solid particles is set to 1200 kg / min, the supply amount of air (volume flow rate in the standard state) is set to 1900 Nm ³ / h, and the pressure (gauge pressure) in the gas-solid separator is set to 60 kPa. Set.

Example 1
In Example 1, the length L1 of the upper portion 4a of the opening 4 and the length L2 of the lower portion 4b of the opening 4 are both set to the same size, and the opening width W1 of the upper portion 4a of the opening 4 is set. The gas-solid separator 100 set to twice the opening width W2 of the lower part 4b of the opening 4 was used (see FIG. 6).

(Examples 2 and 3)
In the second and third embodiments, the opening width W1 of the upper portion 4a of the opening 4 is set to be three times and four times the opening width W2 of the lower portion 4b of the opening 4, respectively. The gas-solid separator 100 set similarly to the gas-solid separator 100 of No. 1 was used, respectively (see FIG. 6).

(Comparative Examples 1 and 2)
In Comparative Examples 1 and 2, except that the opening width W1 of the upper portion 4a of the opening 4 is set to be 1 time and 1/2 times the opening width W2 of the lower portion 4b of the opening 4, respectively. The gas-solid separator set similarly to the gas-solid separator 100 of Example 1 was used, respectively (refer FIG. 6).

(Test results)
For Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the separation efficiencies defined as follows were measured and found to be 92.5%, 93.5%, 92.1%, 90.8%, and 88.88, respectively. The separation efficiency in Examples 1 to 3 was higher than that in Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
Separation efficiency [%] = flow rate of solid particles [kg / min] in the particle extraction tube 2e / (flow rate of solid particles in the particle extraction tube [kg / min] + flow rate of solid particles in the gas extraction tube 7 [kg] / Min])
From this definition of separation efficiency, it is understood that when the separation efficiency is high, solid particles are not easily discharged from the gas extraction pipe 7 and solid particles are easily discharged from the particle extraction pipe 2e. it can. Therefore, it was confirmed that the separation efficiency is further improved in the gas-solid separator 100 according to the present embodiment.

  Here, the linear velocity of the gas with respect to the gas outflow position in the opening 4 was measured under each of the implementation conditions of Example 2 and Comparative Example 1. The result is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, in Comparative Example 1, gas is easily discharged from the lower portion 4 b of the opening 4, but in Example 2, gas is easily discharged from the upper portion 4 a of the opening 4. It was confirmed that

  Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, in the present embodiment, the opening 4 is configured by the substantially rectangular upper portion 4a extending in the axial direction and the substantially rectangular lower portion 4b extending in the axial direction, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the lower base 4 d in which the opening 4 is positioned corresponding to the upper part of the guide blade 5 and the upper base 4 c positioned corresponding to the lower part of the guide blade 5 is used. It is good also as a larger trapezoid shape. Further, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the opening 4 is positioned such that the vertex 4 e corresponds to the lower part of the guide blade 5 and the opposite side 4 f of the vertex 4 e corresponds to the upper part of the guide blade 5. It may be a triangular shape. Here, when the opening 4 has a trapezoidal shape as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 or a triangular shape as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. The opening width W1 of the upper portion 4a in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 10 at the first height H1 corresponding to the upper portion of the guide blade 5 is lower than the first height H1 (see FIGS. 9 and 11). The opening width W2 of the lower portion 4b in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 10 at the second height H2 (see FIGS. 9 and 11) is larger.

  Moreover, as FIG. 12 shows, the opening part 4 may be comprised by two opening 4A, 4B divided | segmented to the perpendicular direction. That is, the opening width W1 of the opening 4 in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 10 at the first height corresponding to the upper portion of the guide vane 5 is the second height positioned below the first height. As long as it is larger than the opening width W2 of the opening 4 in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 10, the opening 4 may be constituted by two or more openings divided in two or more in the vertical direction.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, openings 4 </ b> L and 4 </ b> S having different lengths may be provided on the side surface of the inner cylinder 10. Here, the opening width of the opening width and the opening 4S openings 4L are both set to W, the length L _4L openings 4L is set larger than the length L _4S of the opening 4S, opening The portion 4S is arranged so that the upper edge thereof is the same height as the upper edge of the opening 4L. The guide vanes 5L corresponding to the opening 4L is a magnitude corresponding to the length L _4L openings 4L, guide vanes 5S corresponding to the opening 4S is the length L _4S of the opening 4S Accordingly, the size is smaller than the guide blade 5L. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 14, the total size of the opening widths W of the openings 4L and 4S in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 10 at the first height H1 corresponding to the upper portions of the guide vanes 5L and 5S is as follows. The sum of the opening widths W of the openings 4S in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 10 at the second height H2 located below the first height H1 (below the lower edge of the opening 4S). It is bigger than that.

  Although not shown, the total size of the opening widths of the openings 4 in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 10 at the first height corresponding to the upper portion of the guide vane 5 is lower than the first height. If the opening width of the opening in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 10 at the second height is larger than the total size, the opening 4 is divided into two or more in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 10. Alternatively, it may be constituted by two or more openings.

  In addition, the opening 4 can have a circular shape, an oval shape, or other various shapes. In this case, the opening width of the opening 4 is obtained by dividing the opening area of the opening 4 by the length of the opening 4. It can be defined by the average opening width obtained.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a gas-solid separator according to the present embodiment in a partially broken view. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the gas-solid separator according to this embodiment. 3A is a cross-sectional view taken along line IIIA-IIIA in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IIIB-IIIB in FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view showing the vicinity of the guide vanes. FIG. 5 is a view showing a modified example of the guide vanes. FIG. 6 is a table showing each execution condition of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and the results under each execution condition. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of measuring the gas linear velocity relative to the gas outflow position in the opening under each of the implementation conditions of Example 2 and Comparative Example 1. FIG. 8 is an enlarged perspective view showing a modified example of the opening together with the vicinity of the guide blade. FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a modification of the opening together with the inner cylinder portion of the gas-solid separator. FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective view showing a modified example of the opening together with the vicinity of the guide blade. FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the opening together with the inner cylinder portion of the gas-solid separator. FIG. 12 is an enlarged perspective view showing a modified example of the opening together with the vicinity of the guide blade. FIG. 13 is an enlarged perspective view showing a modified example of the opening together with the vicinity of the guide blade. FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the opening together with the inner cylinder portion of the gas-solid separator.

Explanation of symbols

  2 ... outer cylinder, 2a ... central outer cylinder, 3 ... gas vent, 4, 4L, 4S ... opening, 4a ... upper part, 4b ... lower part, 5, 5L, 5S ... guide vane, 6 ... opening, 10 ... Inner cylinder, 100 ... Gas-solid separator.

Claims (3)

An inner cylinder extending in the vertical direction with the lower end closed and the upper end opened;
The outer cylinder is coaxially covered from the outside, and includes an outer cylinder having a gas vent port communicating with the outside formed at the top,
On the side surface on the lower end side of the inner cylinder, there are a plurality of guide vanes that protrude outward and extend in the axial direction of the inner cylinder, and a plurality of openings that are respectively positioned corresponding to the plurality of guide vanes. Provided,
Each of the plurality of guide blades is inclined in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder so as to cover a corresponding opening among the plurality of openings.
A size of the total sum of the opening widths of the plurality of openings in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder at a first height corresponding to the upper portion of the guide vane is located below the first height. A gas-solid separator that is set to be larger than the total size of the opening widths of the plurality of openings in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder at a height of. The opening has an upper part corresponding to the upper part of the guide vane and a lower part corresponding to the lower part of the guide vane,
The opening width of the upper part in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder at the first height is larger than the opening width of the lower part in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder at the second height. The gas-solid separator according to claim 1, wherein the gas-solid separator is set as follows.   3. The air-tightness according to claim 2, wherein the opening has a trapezoidal shape in which an upper base positioned corresponding to an upper portion of the guide vane is larger than a lower base positioned corresponding to a lower portion of the guide vane. Separator.

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