JP4991959B2 - Blind slats, seats for opening fittings and opening fittings - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a sheet having translucency and heat insulation and high heat shielding, that is, a high solar radiation shielding rate, a shoji sheet using the manufacturing method, a blind slat, a sheet for opening joinery, and an opening joinery.

  In recent years, in order to reduce the heat load on the inside of a building, the heat insulating properties of the roof and walls have been improved, and the heat insulating properties of the windows are relatively inferior to this. In addition, unlike windows and roofs, windows are predicated on indoor lighting, so in the summer, the acquisition of heat due to solar radiation deteriorates the indoor environment and increases the cooling load. In other words, improving the heat insulation and heat shielding properties of the windows leads to a reduction in the heat load on the inside of the building, and is a very important technique for improving the indoor environment.

  For example, a technique for increasing the heat insulating property of a window by multilayering a window glass is widely known. Moreover, although there exists what gave the performance which shields solar radiation to the window glass itself, it is quite expensive. Thus, by improving the structure and material of the window glass, the technology to improve the heat insulation and heat insulation of the window is widely known, but the window glass is a part of the building and its replacement is difficult. For this reason, curtains, blinds, and Japanese paper sliding doors are used in Japanese-style rooms to meet the demands of changing the performance of windows depending on the season, for example, in order to capture as much solar radiation as possible in the winter as opposed to the summer. ing.

  Among curtains, blinds, Japanese paper sliding doors, etc., those having two or more performances are known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a porous material mainly made of polyurethane resin on at least one surface of a polyester fabric base fabric. A sheet as a curtain material that is manufactured by forming a material film and has both heat insulating properties and light shielding properties is disclosed.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a heat shielding sheet having visible light permeability and heat shielding properties. This heat-shielding sheet is formed as a sheet having heat ray (infrared) absorption or reflection after applying, printing or kneading a heat ray absorbent or heat ray reflective agent to a filament of thermoplastic resin.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-068586 JP 2004-238784 A

  However, in the material for light-shielding curtains of Patent Document 1, heat insulation is obtained by the polyurethane porous film, but since the solar radiation is blocked, heat shielding is obtained, but even visible light is blocked and the curtain is closed. Naturally, lighting is not obtained.

  In addition, in the heat shield sheet of Patent Document 2, heat rays (infrared rays) contained in solar radiation are absorbed and reflected, and visible light can pass through and heat insulation and lighting properties can be obtained. I can't expect it.

  Thus, there is no known one that has a good balance between translucency, heat shielding, and heat insulation.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in addition to daylighting properties and heat insulation properties, a method for producing a light-transmitting heat-shielding sheet comprising a fiber structure, which is excellent in solar radiation shielding coefficient, It aims at providing the manufactured translucent heat shield sheet and the member using the same. The solar radiation shielding coefficient is a ratio of cutting heat rays (infrared rays) contained in sunlight, and the higher this coefficient, the smaller the cooling load on the building.

  As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the above-described problems can be solved by using a specific sheet, and have reached the present invention.

That is, slats of the blind according to the present invention, the light reflective fibers a blind slats with translucent heat shielding sheet composed of a fiber structure formed are arranged three-dimensionally, the In the relationship between the density of the fiber structure and the solar heat acquisition rate that changes according to the thickness of the fiber structure, the thickness and density of the fiber structure are selected within a range where the solar heat acquisition rate is 0.4 or less. By setting the desired solar heat acquisition rate, the visible light transmittance is 15% or more, the thermal conductivity is 0.045 W / m · K or less, the solar heat acquisition rate is 0.4 or less, and the density is 0. The fiber structure is manufactured so that the thickness is 0.05 to 0.2 g weight / cm ³ and the thickness is 10 to 1 mm, and the fiber structure has a hydrophilic group on the fiber surface, and is wet and heat resistant. Ri Do from those of the adhesive fiber on the parallel web, or the fiber structure Characterized in that it comprises.
Sheet for opening a fitting according to the present invention, the light reflective fibers a sheet for opening joinery with translucent heat shielding sheet composed of a fiber structure formed are arranged three-dimensionally In the relationship between the density of the fiber structure and the solar heat acquisition rate that changes according to the thickness of the fiber structure, the thickness and density of the fiber structure are within a range where the solar heat acquisition rate is 0.4 or less. By setting the desired solar heat acquisition rate, the visible light transmittance is 15% or more, the thermal conductivity is 0.045 W / m · K or less, the solar heat acquisition rate is 0.4 or less, the density Is 0.05 to 0.2 g weight / cm ³ , and the fiber structure is manufactured so that the thickness is 10 to 1 mm, the fiber structure has a hydrophilic group on the fiber surface, Ri Do wet heat adhesive fibers from those in parallel web, and the translucent heat shielding sheet, which Ri sheet for opening joinery, characterized in that the light reflectance is a two-layer structure using a high reflective material.
Sheets for other openings fitting according to the present invention, the light reflective fiber sheet for opening joinery with translucent heat shielding sheet composed of a fiber structure formed are arranged three-dimensionally In the relationship between the density of the fiber structure and the solar heat acquisition rate that changes according to the thickness of the fiber structure, the thickness of the fiber structure is within a range where the solar heat acquisition rate is 0.4 or less. And the density is set to a desired solar heat gain, the visible light transmittance is 15% or higher, the thermal conductivity is 0.045 W / m · K or lower, and the solar heat gain is 0.4 or lower. The fiber structure is manufactured so that the density is 0.05 to 0.2 gf / cm ³ and the thickness is 10 to 1 mm, and the fiber structure has a hydrophilic group on the fiber surface. and, Ri Do wet heat adhesive fibers from those in parallel web, and the translucent heat shielding sheet, Using the density of the translucent heat shielding sheet from translucent heat shielding sheet is characterized in that a two-layer structure.
Another another opening for a fitting according to the present invention sheet, the light reflective fibers of opening joinery with translucent heat shielding sheet composed of a fiber structure formed are arranged three-dimensionally In the relationship between the density of the fiber structure and the solar heat acquisition rate that change according to the thickness of the fiber structure, the fiber structure is within a range where the solar heat acquisition rate is 0.4 or less. By selecting the thickness and density, the desired solar heat gain is set, the visible light transmittance is 15% or higher, the thermal conductivity is 0.045 W / m · K or lower, and the solar heat gain is 0. 4 or less, the density is 0.05 to 0.2 g weight / cm ³ , and the fiber structure is manufactured so that the thickness is 10 to 1 mm. The fiber structure has hydrophilic groups on the fiber surface. has, Ri Do wet heat adhesive fibers from those in parallel web, the translucent heat shielding sheet A, wherein the density of the surface side and back surface side of the heat sheet shielding light-transmitting different.

  Furthermore, it is good also as a shoji sheet which consists of a translucent heat insulation sheet manufactured with the said manufacturing method, and is good also as a blind slat which consists of the said translucent heat insulation sheet.

  It is good also as a sheet | seat for opening fittings made into the two-layer structure using the said translucent thermal insulation sheet | seat and the reflecting material whose light reflectance is higher than this translucent thermal insulation sheet | seat.

  Moreover, it is good also as a sheet | seat for opening fittings made into the two-layer structure using the said translucent heat shield sheet and the translucent heat shield sheet of higher density than a translucent heat shield sheet.

  Furthermore, it is good also as a sheet | seat for opening fittings which has the said translucent thermal insulation sheet | seat, and the density of the surface side of this translucent thermal insulation sheet differs from a back surface side.

  The opening joinery according to the present invention is characterized in that any one of the above-mentioned opening joinery sheets is attached so as to be able to be turned upside down.

  The fiber structure may have a tensile strength (weft) of 4800 N / m or more, and a translucent heat shield sheet having a tensile strength (vertical) of 19800 N / m or more. It is good also as a translucent heat insulation sheet which is 1000 kPa or more.

  The fiber of the fiber structure may be a wet heat adhesive fiber, and the wet heat adhesive fiber may be a fiber made of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer having an ethylene unit content of 10 to 60 mol%.

  The wet-heat adhesive fiber in the fiber structure is composed of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer having an ethylene unit content of 10 to 60 mol% and a fiber-forming polymer different from the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer. The ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer may be configured to continuously occupy a part of the fiber surface in the length direction.

  The wet heat adhesive fiber in the fiber structure is a core-sheath type composite fiber, in which the sheath component is made of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol-based copolymer, the core component is made of a fiber-forming polymer, and the fiber-forming property. The polymer may be a polyester.

  In the present application, the term “fiber structure” refers to a structure in which fibers are three-dimensionally arranged. In addition, the sheet is a nonwoven fabric itself which is the fiber structure or a material using this nonwoven fabric, for example, a laminate of a synthetic resin film or coating film on the nonwoven fabric, or a laminate of a synthetic resin plate on the nonwoven fabric. Etc. are also included.

  Each property, shape, and the like of the sheet are not limited, and the sheet is not limited to a flat plate shape, including a sheet having a certain thickness, a sheet having an opening or a non-uniform thickness. As for the synthetic resin film, coating film, and synthetic resin plate, those having good translucency, particularly transparent ones are preferable because the visible light that has passed through the fiber structure will be blocked if it is opaque. .

  According to the manufacturing method of the translucent heat insulation sheet which concerns on this invention, in addition to daylighting property and heat insulation, the translucent heat insulation sheet which was excellent especially in the solar radiation shielding coefficient can be provided.

  The translucent heat-shielding sheet according to the present invention is composed of a fiber structure, and this fiber structure is formed by arranging the fibers three-dimensionally, and the heat insulation is expressed by the gaps between the fibers in the fiber structure. .

  Further, since the fiber structure has air permeability and the fibers forming the fiber structure have a property of reflecting or irregularly reflecting light, the direct light is directed from the front side to the back side of the fiber structure. It does not pass through the body as it is. For example, when the above fiber structure is used as a sheet covering a window frame, direct light such as sunlight does not pass through the sheet as it is, part of it is reflected to the outdoor side, and part of the inside of the fiber structure It reaches the room while reflecting the communication space of the back into the fiber. For this reason, while direct light can be prevented from directly entering the room, the room can be bright.

  Therefore, it is possible to provide a light-transmitting heat-shielding sheet excellent in heat shielding properties, that is, a solar radiation shielding coefficient, in addition to daylighting and heat insulating properties. Furthermore, by using the translucent heat-shielding sheet according to the present invention, it is possible to provide products (blind slats, blind curtains, shoji paper, etc.) having heat insulation and excellent solar radiation shielding coefficient.

  In addition, if the fiber surface of the fiber structure has a hydrophilic group, water molecules collect on the hydrophilic group. Therefore, when light is reflected on the fiber, the water molecules collected on the hydrophilic group of the fiber While the infrared light (mainly near infrared light) in the direct light is absorbed, the visible light passes through while being refracted, so that the daylighting property and the heat shielding property are further obtained.

  According to the manufacturing method of the translucent heat shield sheet which concerns on this invention, the translucent heat shield sheet of the desired solar radiation heat acquisition rate can be manufactured reliably. Thereby, about the shoji sheet which consists of a translucent heat-shielding sheet | seat, and the slat of a blind, what satisfy | fills the desired performance calculated | required by each can be manufactured reliably. For example, when a blind having a different performance is required in a use environment such as a warm region or a cold region, a blind or a shoji that satisfies this requirement can be reliably manufactured.

  Further, a two-layer structure using any one of the above light-transmitting heat-shielding sheets and a reflective material or another high-density light-transmitting heat-shielding sheet having a higher light reflectance than the light-transmitting heat-shielding sheet. By using the sheet for an open joinery, indoor heating and cooling efficiency can be increased in the summer and winter as follows.

  Specifically, when opening fixtures are provided at the windows where solar radiation is shining in the summer, and the two-layer structure has the high light reflectance layer as the outdoor side and the low light reflectance layer as the indoor side, it is included in the solar radiation. The heat rays are efficiently reflected by the high light reflectance layer. Further, the heat rays that could not be reflected are absorbed by the adjacent low light reflectance layer. For this reason, it becomes difficult for heat rays to reach the room.

  On the other hand, when this sheet is used upside down in winter, for example, near infrared rays from an infrared heater in the room are efficiently reflected by the high light reflectance layer. Further, the heat rays that could not be reflected are absorbed by the adjacent low light reflectance layer. For this reason, the heat in the room is difficult to escape. Thus, the effect which improves heating and cooling efficiency can be acquired.

  Furthermore, when using the light-transmitting heat-shielding sheet and a light-transmitting heat-shielding sheet having a higher density than the light-transmitting heat-shielding sheet to form a sheet having a two-layer structure, that is, by increasing the density, In addition to the above effects, the following effects can be obtained when a layer having a reflectance is realized and a layer having a low light reflectance is realized by reducing the density.

  In the summer season described above, the outdoor high-density / high-light-reflectance layer, that is, the hydrophilic fiber structure, exists as a high-density layer. A deterrent effect is obtained. Furthermore, since the low density and low light reflectance layer on the indoor side contains a large amount of air, a heat insulation effect is obtained, and cold heat from an indoor air conditioner or the like hardly leaks out of the room.

  On the other hand, when the two-layered sheet is turned upside down in winter, the indoor high-density, high-light-reflecting layer makes it difficult for indoor moisture to move to the outside for the same reason as described above. can get. Furthermore, since the low-density / low-light-reflectance layer on the outdoor side contains a large amount of air, a heat insulating effect is obtained, and cold air from the outside air hardly enters the room. Furthermore, winter solar radiation is directly applied to the low-density, low-light reflection layer outside the room, where heat is absorbed and stored.

  Thus, the effect which improves heating and cooling efficiency can be acquired.

  Even if the density of the front surface side and the back surface side of the translucent heat shield sheet is made different, the effect of improving the heating and cooling efficiency can be obtained.

  In addition, by making the above-mentioned sheet for open fittings into an open fitting that can be turned upside down, the sheet for open fittings can be turned upside down as needed according to the season and weather, so it is easy according to the season and weather. Moreover, the effect which raises the said heating and cooling efficiency can be acquired.

  Also, if the above-mentioned fiber structure has a tensile strength (weft) of 4800 N / m or more and a tensile strength (vertical) of 19800 N / m or more, a shoji paper or blind slat that is more difficult to deform is provided. can do.

  Further, if the fiber structure has a bursting strength of 1000 kPa or more, it is possible to provide shoji paper and blind slats that are more difficult to tear.

  Furthermore, the wet heat-adhesive fiber in the fiber structure is a translucent heat-shielding sheet made of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer having an ethylene unit content of 10 to 60 mol%. Can be secured. This is because the more the mol% of vinyl alcohol units, the softer the fibers.

  Furthermore, the mass ratio of each component of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and the different fiber-forming polymer is 90:10 to 10:90, whereby a fiber having desired properties can be obtained. it can.

  In addition, when the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is configured such that a part of the fiber surface continuously occupies the length direction, adhesion between the fibers becomes more reliable.

  The wet heat adhesive fiber in the fiber structure is a core-sheath type composite fiber, and the sheath component is made of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, and the core component is a fiber-forming polymer. Various copolymers can be selected as the forming polymer, and the properties as the light-transmitting heat-shielding sheet can be set to desired properties (softness and the like).

It is a table | surface which shows the fabric weight, thickness, density, and visible light transmittance | permeability of the fiber structure of Examples 1-10 which concern on this invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the visible light transmittance | permeability of the fiber structure of Examples 1-6 which concern on this invention, and a fabric weight (2mm thickness constant) with the cumulative approximate expression (CAL formula 1) obtained from each Example. It is a table | surface which shows the density and thermal conductivity of the fiber structure of Examples 11-13 which concern on this invention. It is a table | surface which shows the thermal conductivity data according to density computed by the approximate expression (CAL formula 2) of Examples 11-13 which concerns on this invention. The relationship between the density and the thermal conductivity of the fiber structures of Examples 11 to 13 according to the present invention, the actually measured values of FIG. 3 obtained from each Example, this approximate expression (CAL Expression 2), and the calculated data (Figure) It is a figure which shows 4). It is a table | surface which shows the density of the fiber structure of Examples 14-21 and Comparative Examples 1-3 which concern on this invention, solar radiation transmittance | permeability, solar reflectance, and a solar heat acquisition rate (summer, winter, summer / winter average value). It is a figure which shows the approximate expression (CAL formula 3-6) obtained from the relationship of the density of the fiber structure of Examples 14-21 based on this invention, and a solar radiation heat acquisition rate (summer, winter), and each Example. It is a figure which shows the thickness (mm) of the fiber structure of Examples 22-29 which concern on this invention, and Reference Examples 1-3, and the average solar heat acquisition rate of the summer of each Example. The figure which shows the approximate line obtained from each example and the relationship between the thickness (mm) of the fiber structure of Examples 22-29 which concern on this invention, and reference examples 1-3, and a solar heat acquisition rate (summer winter average value) It is. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the density of the fiber structure which concerns on this invention, and each element. It is a table | surface which shows the density and translucency of each of Example 30-39 which concerns on this invention, the calculation data of the approximate expression (CAL formula 7) obtained from each Example, and Comparative Examples 1-5. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the basis weight, density, and translucency in which each data of FIG. 11 is plotted, and its approximate expression (CAL expression 7). It is a table | surface which shows the optical characteristic according to wavelength range of each fiber structure of Examples 40 and 41 which concern on this invention, and Comparative Examples 6-10. It is a table | surface which shows the tensile strength and bursting strength of the fiber structure of Examples 42 and 43 and Comparative Examples 11-15 which concern on this invention. Air permeability, visible light transmittance (CAL), solar heat gain, thermal conductivity, bending stress, 1.5 times displacement stress of the fiber structures of Examples 44 to 47 and Comparative Examples 16 to 20 according to the present invention It is a table | surface which shows. It is a table | surface which shows the characteristic of the shoji using the shoji paper of each example of FIG. 15 (except the comparative example 26). (A) It is a figure which shows the temperature distribution of the summer of each shoji (surface of an indoor side) of Example 48 and the comparative example 23 which concern on this invention. (B) It is a figure which shows the temperature distribution of the winter of Example 48 and the comparative example 23 which concern on this invention. (A) It is a figure which shows the electron micrograph (surface) of the shoji of Example 48 which concerns on this invention. (B) It is a figure which shows the electron micrograph (surface) of the shoji of the comparative example 23. FIG. (C) It is a figure which shows the electron micrograph (cross section) of the shoji of Example 48 which concerns on this invention. (D) It is a figure which shows the electron micrograph (cross section) of the shoji of the comparative example 23. FIG. (A) It is the figure which showed the state which attached the vertical blind of Example 52 which concerns on this invention to the window frame. (B) A vertical blind slat when the slat of the blind of (A) is a hook-mounted suspension type. (A) to (F) For each blind of Examples 52 and 53 and Comparative Examples 27 to 30, the temperature distribution of the blind surface on the indoor side after the start of irradiation (4 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour) FIG. (A) It is a table | surface which shows the temperature of the measurement location of FIG. (B) It is the figure which showed the graph of (A). (A) It is a table | surface which shows the temperature of the indoor center after the irradiation start (4 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour later) to each blind of Examples 52 and 53 and Comparative Examples 27-30. (B) It is the figure which showed the graph of (A). It is a table | surface which shows the floor surface temperature in the room | chamber interior after irradiation start (4 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour after) to each blind of Examples 52 and 53 and Comparative Examples 27-30. (A) It is a table | surface which shows the vertical surface illumination intensity and horizontal surface illumination intensity of each blind at the time of irradiation to each blind of Examples 52 and 53 and Comparative Examples 27-30. (B) (A) It is a table | surface which shows the vertical surface illumination intensity of a blind. It is the figure which each showed the reflectance, the absorptivity, and the transmittance | permeability of solar radiation obtained when the density and thickness of a fiber structure are changed. It is a perspective view which shows the blind slat concerning Example 54. (A) is a figure explaining the effect | action of the state which has arrange | positioned the blind slat of Example 54 in the indoor side of the window which partitions the indoor and outdoor which the solar radiation of summer inserts. (B) is a figure explaining the effect | action of the state which reversed the front and back of the blind slat of (A) in winter. It is the table | surface which each showed the shielding factor of the solar radiation in each structure of Examples 55-58, and Comparative Examples 31 and 32, the transmittance | permeability, and the reflectance.

  Hereinafter, the fiber structure (translucent heat shield sheet) according to the present invention will be specifically described.

  The translucent heat-shielding sheet according to the present invention comprises a fiber structure, and this fiber structure has at least air permeability due to three-dimensional arrangement of light-reflective fibers. It is formed so that the other surface side cannot be seen through from one surface side.

  It is important that the fibers constituting the fiber structure in the present invention have a property of reflecting light. That is, when a fiber structure is formed, a light color is preferable, and a white system is particularly preferable.

  Moreover, when realizing the above fiber structure as a non-woven fiber structure, high temperature steam is allowed to act on the web using the wet heat adhesive fibers as the raw fibers, so that the fibers can be bonded to each other when the adhesive resin is dried. The fibers can be wet-heat bonded together to form a “scrum” at a temperature below the melting point, thereby obtaining a fiber structure, thereby obtaining heat insulation, that is, solar heat acquisition in addition to higher daylighting and heat insulation. In addition to the light transmission and heat shielding properties, the lightness can be realized.

  In this way, “bending behavior” and “lightness” that cannot be obtained with a normal nonwoven fabric are compatible, and it is difficult to break, and form retention and air permeability can be secured at the same time. In addition, the fiber structure is excellent in sound absorption which is closely related to air permeability.

That is, when this fiber structure is applied as a sheet to a Japanese paper sliding door or a blind, the ventilation air can be further transmitted. Moreover, it can also be set as the more excellent sound-absorbing body by arrange | positioning a sheet | seat so that the window frame of a window glass may be covered, and combining and using the space between a window glass and a sheet | seat, and a sheet | seat.
<Material of fiber structure>
The resin constituting the wet heat adhesive fiber used in the present invention is softened by heat and is self-adhesive or adheres to other fibers, particularly those which are softened and bonded with hot water of about 95 to 100 ° C. preferable. For example, a copolymer containing acrylamide as one component, polylactic acid, an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, and the like can be given.

  Also included are polyurethane-based, polyolefin-based, polyester-based, polyamide-based, styrene-based elastomer resins, etc. that can flow or be easily deformed to exhibit an adhesive function at a temperature that can be easily realized by high-temperature steam. Among these, an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer can be particularly preferably used.

  Here, as an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer preferably used as a wet heat adhesive fiber or wet heat adhesive component, a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing 10 to 60 mol% of ethylene units with polyvinyl alcohol is used. In particular, a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing 30 to 50 mol% of ethylene units is preferable for ensuring the workability of the fiber structure. The vinyl alcohol portion preferably has a saponification degree of 95 mol% or more.

  Due to the large number of ethylene units, a unique property of having wet heat adhesiveness but not hot water solubility is obtained. The degree of polymerization can be selected as necessary, but is usually about 400 to 1500.

  When the ethylene unit content is less than 10 mol%, the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer easily swells and gels with low-temperature water, and the form may change once wetted with water. On the other hand, if it exceeds 60 mol%, the hygroscopicity is lowered and fiber fusion due to wet heat becomes difficult to develop, so that there are cases where practical physical properties cannot be secured.

  The cross-sectional shape of the wet heat-adhesive fiber made of these resins is not particularly limited, and is not limited to a round shape or a typical cross-sectional shape that is a general solid cross-sectional shape, but may have various cross-sectional shapes such as a hollow cross-sectional shape. Can do.

  Further, it may be a composite fiber with another polymer, and in the composite form, the wet heat adhesive resin may be partly or entirely continuously present in the length direction on the fiber surface. There is no particular limitation.

  For example, a core-sheath type, a sea-island type, a side-by-side type, a multilayer bonding type, a random composite, a radial bonding type, and the like can be given. Or the fiber which coat | covered the resin which has wet heat adhesiveness to the fiber which consists of another fiber-forming polymer may be sufficient.

  Resin other than the wet heat adhesive resin in the case of a composite fiber, or the partner fiber coated with the wet heat adhesive resin can include resin components or fibers made of polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, etc. Polyester, polyamide, etc. having a melting point higher than that of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer are preferably used in terms of dimensional stability and the like.

  Examples of polyester include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, phthalic acid, α, β- (4-carbophenoxy) ethane, 4,4-dicarboxydiphenyl, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, and the like. Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, azelaic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid or their esters, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, Mention may be made of fiber-forming polyesters composed of diols such as neopentyl glycol, cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol, polyethylene glycol and polytetramethylene glycol, and 80 mol% or more of the structural units are ethylene terephthalate units. Preferred There.

  Examples of the polyamide include an aliphatic polyamide and a semi-aromatic polyamide mainly composed of nylon 6, nylon 66, and nylon 12, and may include a polyamide containing a small amount of the third component.

  In the case of a composite fiber with a fiber-forming polymer other than the polyester and polyamide, if the mass ratio of the wet heat adhesive resin constituting the fiber to the composite fiber exceeds 90, the other resin is in the form of fiber. It becomes difficult to maintain sufficient strength of the composite fiber itself.

  Conversely, when the mass ratio of the wet heat adhesive resin in the composite fiber is less than 10, the amount of the wet heat adhesive resin is small, so that the resin layer cannot maintain the fiber form, and the resin is continuous in the length direction. Not only is it extremely difficult to hold the layer, but at this ratio, sufficient fiber bond strength cannot be ensured. This is the same when the wet heat adhesive resin is coated on the fiber.

  Next, the target fiber structure is formed by forming a single fiber of only wet heat-adhesive fibers or a composite fiber containing wet heat-adhesive resin as a component into a web by a method for producing a fiber structure, which will be described later, and fixing the fiber. However, at this time, it is important that the fiber structure has fibers arranged three-dimensionally, and the back side is not seen through from the front side.

  When producing such a web, other fibers may be mixed as necessary. In this case, the mixing ratio of the wet heat adhesive fibers is 20% by mass or more, preferably 50% by mass or more. More preferably, it is 70 mass% or more. The higher the ratio of wet heat adhesive fibers, the easier it is to finish a hard fiber structure. If the fiber content is less than 20% by mass, it is not only impossible to ensure sufficient hardness, but also it becomes difficult to maintain the handleability as a fiber structure.

  As described above, it is desirable that the fibers have a structure in which “scrums” are assembled, and such a structure is uniformly distributed along the thickness direction. By doing so, the fibers oriented along the thickness direction of the sheet are reduced, the disorder of the fiber arrangement is suppressed, unnecessary voids are reduced in the fiber structure, and it is difficult to reduce the hardness of the fiber structure. Become.

  These constituent fibers are bonded to each other at their contact points, but in order to develop a large bending stress with as few contacts as possible, this bonding point extends from the fiber structure surface to the center and the opposite surface. It is preferable that it is uniformly distributed along the thickness direction.

  Moreover, about the bending stress of a fiber structure, it can be said that it is a hard structure, so that bending stress is large. Moreover, it can be said that it is a structure which bends well, so that the bending amount (displacement) until it destroys the structure used as a measuring object is large. When the fiber structure is a non-woven structure of wet heat fibers, the bending stress in at least one direction can be 0.05 MPa or more.

  Looking at the correlation between this amount of bending (displacement) and the resulting bending stress, initially, the stress increases as the amount of bending increases.

  When the fiber structure of the nonwoven fiber structure according to the present invention reaches the bending amount specific to the measurement sample, the stress gradually decreases thereafter. That is, it shows a correlation that draws an upwardly convex parabolic curve.

  One of the characteristics of the fiber structure of the present invention is that it has a so-called “stickiness” without causing a rapid stress drop even when it is further bent beyond the peak of the bending stress. As an index representing such “stickiness”, the present inventors used the bending stress remaining in the state exceeding the displacement at the peak of the bending stress.

That is, by making the fiber structure a non-woven structure of wet heat fibers, the stress when bending to a displacement of 1.5 times the displacement showing the peak of bending stress (hereinafter referred to as “1.5 times displacement stress”). Can be maintained at 1/10 or more of the peak stress value.
<Performance of fiber structure>
As described above, the fiber constituting the fiber structure in the present invention has a property of reflecting light, and the fiber structure according to the present invention using this fiber has the fibers arranged three-dimensionally, The back side is not seen through from the front side, and when the fiber structure is formed, the solar light is effectively reflected and the solar shading coefficient is excellent.

  Further, the fiber structure in the present invention has voids between the fibers, and these voids are not independent of each other, unlike a resin foam such as sponge, and are continuous, from one side of the fiber structure to the other side. Communicate. For this reason, the fiber structure which concerns on this invention can ensure the outstanding air permeability, heat insulation, and lightweight.

Such a structure, when the fiber structure is made into a non-woven fiber structure, is impregnated with a resin, or the surface portion of the fiber structure is closely adhered to form a film-like structure. It is extremely difficult to manufacture with a method of hardening a non-woven fabric.
<Form of fiber structure>
The fiber structure according to the present invention can be used by itself or in combination with other members. For example, as described above, it is possible to form slats for curtains and blinds using a fiber structure itself having a density, basis weight, and thickness within a predetermined range, or to include a wet heat adhesive fiber according to the present invention. It is good also as the state adhere | attached on the frame of the fiber structure which has a fiber structure, and a Japanese paper sliding door.

  At this time, there is an advantage that strong adhesiveness can be realized by adhering the attached adhesive for the shoji to the constituent fibers on the surface and entering the fiber gap like a wedge.

  Adhesives used for these adhesives, such as vinyl acetate adhesives, are those that strongly adhere the face material, the fiber structure, the finishing material, the reflector, etc., and do not impair the performance of the finished light-transmitting heat shield sheet If it is. Also, the adhesive may be used by changing the type depending on the bonding location. It is also possible to use a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape or the like instead of the adhesive.

  In addition, the non-woven fiber structure fiber structure according to the present invention also has good shape retention by having the fiber adhesion points uniformly in the thickness direction as described above.

  That is, in the case of a fiber structure of a normal non-woven fiber structure, even if the required bending hardness can be ensured by a binder or the like, basically there is little adhesion between fibers, so when it is cut into small pieces of about 5 mm square, for example The fibers constituting the fiber structure are detached by a slight external force and eventually fall apart.

  On the other hand, the fiber structure of the nonwoven fiber structure according to the present invention has a dense and uniform adhesion between the fibers, so that even when cut into small pieces, the fibers do not fall apart and retain their form sufficiently it can. This means that the dust generation when the fiber structure is cut is small.

The fiber structure of the nonwoven fiber structure according to the present invention has extremely low bending strength and air permeability while having a low density comparable to that of a general nonwoven fabric. It can be used for many purposes other than the daylight insulation sheet. For example, it can be used as a sound-absorbing panel having a large effect by being installed through a window glass and an air layer.
<Method for producing fiber structure>
Although the outline is clear in the following examples etc., it is the following method in detail.

  Regarding the method for producing a non-woven fiber structure fiber structure according to the present invention, first, the fiber containing the wet heat adhesive fiber is formed into a web.

  As a method for forming the web, a conventional method, for example, a direct method such as a spun bond method or a melt blow method, a card method using melt blow fibers or staple fibers, a dry method such as an air array method, or the like can be used.

  Among these methods, a card method using melt blown fibers or staple fibers, particularly a card method using staple fibers is widely used. Examples of the web obtained using staple fibers include a random web, a semi-random web, a parallel web, and a cross-wrap web. Of these webs, a semi-random web and a parallel web are preferred when the proportion of bundled fused fibers is increased.

  Next, the obtained fiber web is sent to the next step by a belt conveyor, and then exposed to a superheated or saturated high-temperature steam (high-pressure steam) stream, thereby obtaining a molded body having the nonwoven fiber structure of the present invention.

  That is, when the fiber web conveyed by the belt conveyor passes through the high-speed high-temperature steam flow ejected from the nozzle of the steam spraying device, the fibers are three-dimensionally bonded to each other by the sprayed high-temperature steam.

Also, by adjusting the arrangement state of the fibers constituting the fiber structure, for example, the constituent fibers are arranged in parallel with the non-woven fabric (sheet) surface, and these fibers are adhered to each other at their intersections as much as possible. Thus, a fibrous structure having a better balance between bending hardness and light weight can be obtained from the web.
<Translucent heat shield sheet>
The translucent heat-shielding sheet according to the present invention is a sheet made of only the fiber structure, and the sheet that is the fiber structure has a density of 0.05 to 0.2 g weight / cm ³ (weight 50). ˜2000 g weight / m ² and thickness 10-1 mm), the sheet has a visible light transmittance of 10% or more, a thermal conductivity of 0.045 W / m · K or less, and a solar heat gain of 0.4 or less. It can be. The density, basis weight, and thickness of the sheet need not be uniform throughout the sheet.
(density)
The density of the sheet is preferably 0.05~0.20g heavy / cm ^3, 0.07~0.15g heavy / cm ^3, and more preferably a 0.10~0.15g heavy / cm ^3. When the density of the sheet is less than 0.05 g weight / cm ³ , although it has light weight, it becomes difficult to ensure sufficient bending hardness and maintain the sheet shape. On the contrary, if the density of the sheet exceeds 0.20 g weight / cm ³ , it is difficult to obtain sufficient translucency although the sheet can have sufficient hardness.

This density mainly affects the tensile strength of the sheet, but the tensile strength of the sheet is preferably 2620 N / m or more. (Weight) The basis weight of the sheet is preferably in the range of 50 to 2000 g / m ² , more preferably 150 to 1000 g / m ² , and even more preferably 200 to 600 g / m ² . When the basis weight of the sheet is less than 50 g / m ^2, it is difficult to ensure the hardness of the sheet, and when the basis weight exceeds 2000 g / m ² , the web becomes thick in the process described later, and high-temperature steam is generated. This is because it is difficult to get inside the web.

  This basis weight mainly affects the visible light transmittance of the sheet, and if the visible light transmittance of the sheet is less than 10%, it is not preferable because the lighting is insufficient when a product such as a shoji or a blind is used. (Thickness) It is important that the thickness of the sheet is in the range of 1 to 10 mm, preferably 1.5 to 7 mm, and more preferably 1.5 to 5 mm. When the thickness of the sheet is thinner than 1 mm, it is difficult to obtain sufficient heat insulation. For example, if the density of the sheet is increased in order to obtain sufficient heat insulation, other performance of the sheet is affected.

On the contrary, when the sheet thickness is thicker than 10 mm, it is difficult to obtain sufficient translucency, and if the density of the sheet is lowered to obtain sufficient translucency, other performance of the sheet is affected.
(Thermal conductivity)
The thermal conductivity of the sheet is preferably 0.045 W / m · K or less, and more preferably 0.040 W / m · K or less. When the thermal conductivity of the fiber structure exceeds 0.045 W / m · K, the heat of the solar radiation surface of the sheet heated to high temperature by solar radiation is transferred to the indoor side in a large amount, which is not preferable.
(Solar heat acquisition rate)
Furthermore, it is preferable that the solar heat gain rate of the sheet | seat which is a parameter | index of a cooling load is 0.4 or less. If the solar heat gain rate of the seat exceeds 0.4, a lot of heat will enter the room. Furthermore, if the translucent heat-shielding sheet according to the present invention uses only a fibrous structure of a non-woven fiber structure manufactured as described above using wet heat-resistant fibers, more suitable compressive strength, bending A translucent heat shield sheet having mechanical strength such as strength is obtained. Thereby, a translucent heat insulation sheet can be made lightweight and cheap.
(Relationship between density and solar radiation)
As shown in FIG. 25, for example, when a vertical blind slat is formed using a fiber structure and the density of the slat is changed with a constant thickness of 5 mm, the reflection of solar radiation inserted into the slat according to the density of the slat Rate, absorptivity, and transmittance change.

  By changing the density of the fiber structure, it is possible to manufacture an open joinery such as a vertical blind that exhibits desired performance.

  Since the translucent heat shield sheet of the present invention has the above-described features, it is effectively used as a single translucent heat shield sheet, and in combination with a frame or other planar body. It can also be used effectively for translucent window partition panels, movable partition panels, ceiling materials, flooring materials, partitions, doors, folding screens, and the like.

Hereinafter, although the translucent thermal insulation sheet concerning the present invention is explained still more concretely with an example, the present invention is not limited to these examples at all. In addition, each physical-property value in an Example was measured with the following method. In addition, the test number (n) of each Example was set to 3, and this was averaged. (1) Melt index of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (MI) Measured using a melt indexer under conditions of 190 ° C. and 21.2 N load according to JISK6760. (2) Weight per unit area (g / m ² ) Measured according to JISL1913. (3) Thickness (mm), density (g weight / cm ³ ) The thickness was measured according to JISL1913, and the density was calculated from this value and the basis weight measured by the method of (2). (4) Air permeability (cm ³ / cm ² / sec) Measured according to the fragile method according to JISL1096. (5) Bending stress (MPa) Measured according to method A (three-point bending method) among the methods described in JISK7017. At this time, a measurement sample having a width of 25 mm × 80 mm was used, and measurement was performed at a fulcrum distance of 50 mm and a test speed of 2 mm / min. In the present invention, the maximum stress (peak stress) in this measurement result chart is the bending stress. In addition, the bending stress measurement was performed about MD direction and CD direction. Here, the MD direction means a state in which the measurement sample is collected and measured so that the web flow direction (MD) is parallel to the long side of the measurement sample, while the CD direction is the long side of the measurement sample. A measurement sample is taken so that the web width direction (CD) is parallel to the web width direction (CD). (6) 1.5 times displacement stress (MPa) In the measurement of the bending stress in (5), the stress when exceeding the displacement showing the bending peak stress and further bending to 1.5 times the displacement is 1 .5 times the displacement stress. (7) Visible light transmittance was measured by an average method for all wavelengths using a spectrophotometer. A wavelength range of 400 to 800 nm was used as visible light. The equipment used was JASCO Corporation, V-570 spectrophotometer INS-470 type integrating sphere. (8) Thermal conductivity JIS A1412-2 (Method for measuring thermal resistance and thermal conductivity of thermal insulation material—Part 2: Heat flow meter method (HFM method)). (9) Solar heat acquisition rate (η), solar shading coefficient (SC value) Solar heat acquisition rate (η) is the amount of heat flowing into the room (direct transmission and indoor It is a numerical value indicating the ratio of the sum of radiation.

  The solar shading coefficient (SC value) represents the solar shading performance of the window surface. Since the index uses the solar heat acquisition rate, the larger the solar shading coefficient, the smaller the shielding effect. The smaller the solar heat acquisition rate, the smaller the solar shielding coefficient and the cooling load.

  The solar shading coefficient and the solar heat acquisition rate were in accordance with JISR3106 (Testing method for transmittance, reflectance and solar heat acquisition rate of glass). Using the solar heat acquisition rate (η), the solar shading coefficient (SC value) was determined by the following formula based on a transparent glass having a thickness of 3 mm.

SC = η (sample) / η (thickness 3 mm transparent glass)
η (thickness 3 mm transparent glass) = 0.86
(Manufacture of fiber structures)
[Production Example 1]
As the wet heat adhesive fiber, the core component is polyethylene terephthalate, the sheath component is an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (ethylene content 44 mol%, saponification degree 98.4 mol%, core-sheath ratio = 50/50). A certain core-sheath type composite staple fiber (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., “Sophista”, 3 dtex, 51 mm length, number of crimps 21 / inch, crimp rate 13.5%) was prepared. Using the core-sheath type composite staple fiber, a parallel web having a card weight of about 300 g / m ^{2 was} obtained by a card method.

  The card web was transferred to a belt conveyor equipped with a 50 mesh, 500 mm wide stainless steel endless wire mesh. In addition, the same metal mesh is equipped above the metal mesh of the belt conveyor so that each of them rotates in the same direction from the upstream to the downstream at the same speed, and the distance between the two metal meshes can be arbitrarily adjusted. A belt conveyor was used. The thickness of the fiber structure can be adjusted by this interval.

The density of the fiber structure is controlled by controlling the weight of the web inserted between the belts. For example, if a web having a weight of 500 g / m ² is treated under the condition of 10 mm between belts, a fiber structure having a density of 0.05 g / cm ³ can be produced.

  Next, the card web is introduced into the steam jetting device provided in the belt conveyor, and 0.4 MPa of saturated high-temperature steam is jetted perpendicularly to the card web from the device to perform steam treatment, and then dried to provide the present invention. The hard fiber structure which concerns on was obtained.

  In the steam spraying device, a superheated steam spraying nozzle was installed in one conveyor so as to blow saturated high-temperature steam toward the web through a conveyor net, and a suction device was installed in the other conveyor. In addition, another injection device, which is a combination in which the arrangement of the nozzle and the suction device is reversed, is installed downstream of the injection device in the web traveling direction.

  In addition, the hole diameter of the superheated steam spray nozzle was 0.3 mm, and the nozzles arranged in a line at a pitch of 1 mm along the conveyor width direction were used. The processing speed was 3 m / min, and the distance between the nozzle and the conveyor belt on the suction side was 5 mm.

The obtained fiber structure had a board-like form, was very hard as compared with a general nonwoven fabric, did not break even when the bending stress peak was exceeded, and there was no extreme decrease in stress. In addition, even when a shape retention test was performed, the shape did not change and the mass did not decrease, and very good results were obtained. The performance and the like of the obtained fiber structure are as follows.
<Fiber structure>
(Visible light transmittance)
[Examples 1 to 6]
As shown in Fig. 1 (upper table) in Production Example 1, the non-woven fiber structure has a constant thickness of 2 mm and changes the density (g weight / cm ³ ) by adjusting the basis weight (g / m ² ). Each fiber structure was manufactured, and the visible light transmittance (%) of each fiber structure was measured.
[Examples 7 to 10]
As shown in FIG. 1 in Production Example 1, a non-woven fiber structure fiber structure was produced by changing the density and thickness, and the visible light transmittance (%) of each fiber structure was measured.

When each of the visible light transmittances of Examples 1 to 6 in which the density was changed with the thickness being constant at 2 mm was cumulatively approximated, a very high correlation was shown. This cumulative approximation formula is shown in FIG. 2 as CAL1 formula. From FIG. 2, the change rate of the visible light transmittance is large and the visible light transmittance is high at a basis weight of 400 g / m ² or less (density 0.2 g weight / cm ³ or less).

From Examples 7 to 10, when only the thickness is increased without changing the basis weight of the fiber structure, the density decreases instead of increasing the thickness, so that the visible light transmittance is substantially the same. If the basis weight is constant, the thickness of the fiber structure can be changed while maintaining substantially the same visible light transmittance.
(Thermal conductivity)
[Examples 11 to 13]
As shown in the table of FIG. 3 in Production Example 1, a non-woven fiber structure fiber structure is produced by changing the density (g weight / cm ³ ) while keeping the thickness constant at about 10 mm, and the heat of each fiber structure. Conductivity was evaluated.

When a linear approximation was performed for each of the thermal conductivities of Examples 11 to 13 in which the thickness was changed to be constant at 10 mm, a very high correlation was shown. This approximate expression is shown in FIG. 5 as CAL expression 2, and is shown in FIG. 4 as CAL expression calculation data. With a thickness of 10 mm, a thermal conductivity of less than 0.045 W / (m · K) can be achieved at a density of 0.20 gf / cm ³ or less.
(Solar heat acquisition rate)
[Examples 14 to 21]
In Examples 14 to 21, a non-woven fiber structure fiber structure was produced in Production Example 1 under the conditions (thickness and density) shown in the table of FIG. 6, and the relationship between the density of each fiber structure and the solar heat gain rate. Are shown by thickness (about 10 mm, about 5 mm, 2 mm, 1 mm) (Examples 14 to 21).

As shown in FIG. 7, the change rate of the solar heat acquisition rate is large at a density of 0.20 gf / cm ³ or less. Moreover, as can be seen from FIG. 7, the solar heat acquisition rate of the fiber structure greatly varies with the thickness change of the fiber structure.

  In FIG. 7, for example, for thicknesses of 10 mm and 1 mm, only one point is plotted (Examples 14 and 21), and approximate lines are shown so as to pass through these plots. This is ensured by Examples 22 to 32 described later.

When the thickness of the fiber structure is 10 mm, the solar heat gain is about 0.2 or less when the density is at least 0.05 g weight / cm ³ or more. In the case of a thickness of 5 mm, the solar heat gain rate is 0.3 or less when the density is at least about 0.05 g weight / cm ³ or more. In the case of a thickness of 2 mm, the solar heat gain rate is 0.4 or less when the density is about 0.06 g weight / cm ³ or more. In the case of a thickness of 1 mm, the solar heat gain is 0.4 or less when the density is about 0.175 g weight / cm ³ or more.

Even when the thickness is 1 mm or 2 mm, the solar heat acquisition rate can be set to 0.4 or less by selecting the density.
[Examples 22 to 29]
In Examples 22 to 29, a fiber structure was formed with the basis weight, density, and thickness shown in FIG. FIG. 9 shows Examples 22 to 29 by density, Reference Examples 1 to 3, and approximate lines by density, and shows the relationship between the thickness by density and the solar heat gain rate.
(Comprehensive comparison of each element)
FIG. 10 shows CAL formulas 1, 2, and 5, and shows changes in each element (thermal conductivity, heat acquisition rate, shielding coefficient, visible transmittance) according to the density of the fiber structure. In addition, the arrow in FIG. 10 has shown that the line of CAL type | formula 1,5 shifts with the thickness change of a fiber structure.

First, in order to reduce the solar heat acquisition rate (η), which is also an index of the air conditioner load, and the solar radiation shielding coefficient, a density of 0.05 g weight / cm ³ or more at which the amount of change according to the density levels out is preferable. . However, since the visible light transmittance decreases as the density increases, it is preferable that the amount of change be approximately 0.20 g weight / cm ³ before bottoming out. Since the thermal conductivity varies linearly, it is preferable to select the density within the density range (0.20 to 0.05 g weight / cm ³ ) determined by the above two factors.
<Shoji paper>
(Translucency)
[Examples 30 to 39]
In Examples 30 to 39, in order to show the relationship between the basis weight and density of the fiber structure and the translucency, the fiber structure is formed with the basis weight, thickness, and density as shown in FIG. The body was examined for translucency (%) according to the above test method. Each condition and result are as shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 12, when the results of translucency (%) in Examples 30 to 39 were cumulatively approximated, a high correlation was shown. This is shown in FIG.
[Comparative Examples 1-5]
“Cool shoji” using “Warlon Shoji” (made by Waron) with vinyl chloride resin laminated on both sides of Japanese paper as Comparative Example 1, and “Tyvek” (made by DuPont, registered trademark) of high-density polyethylene as Comparative Example 2. “Nippon Textile Co., Ltd.”, Comparative Example 3 “70% polyester, 20% pulp, 10% vinylon binder” “4 times harder to tear” (manufactured by Asahi Pen Co.), and Comparative Example 4 “Morza Shoji” (manufactured by Molza) ) And Comparative Example 5 were evaluated for the translucency of each of the “bright and easy to paste shoji” (manufactured by Asahi Pen Co., Ltd.). Each result is shown in FIGS.

In the range of density 0.05 to 0.20 gf / cm ³ , it shows a high translucency change rate according to the basis weight (density) of the fiber structure, which is substantially the same as the approximate line even if the thickness is different. (See FIGS. 11 and 12). From CAL formula 7, a translucency of nearly 20% is expected at a density of 0.05 g weight / cm ³ (see FIG. 12). However, if the density is lower than this, other performances (such as solar heat gain rate) are described above. ) Will drop accordingly. Since in the vicinity of a density 0.20g Weight / cm ³ is slightly before the change of the light-transmissive is bottoming, in the range of from density 0.05g Weight / cm ³ to a density 0.20g Weight / cm ³ desirable.
[Examples 40 and 41]
In Examples 40 and 41, a fiber structure was produced under the conditions (weight per unit area, thickness) shown in FIG. 13 in Production Example 1, and near infrared (IR: 800 to 2000 nm), ultraviolet (UV: 280 to 400 nm), Visible light (VL: 400-800 nm) was evaluated for transparency.

In addition, the measurement and calculation of the UV shielding rate is performed using a spectrophotometer and an all-wavelength average method with a uniform processing effect evaluation method for UV-cutting materials (Japan Chemical Fibers Association), and a bandpass filter between the integrating sphere and the detector. Installed and went. Spectral transmittance and spectral reflectance were evaluated by the above spectrophotometer / all-wavelength average method, and the tester used was a JASCO V-570 spectrophotometer and INS-470 type integrating sphere. .
[Comparative Examples 6 to 10]
In Comparative Example 6, "Cool Screen" (manufactured by Tyvek), in Comparative Example 7, "Warlon Shoji" (manufactured by Waron), in Comparative Example 8, "Morza Shoji" (manufactured by Molza), and in Comparative Example 9, general Japanese paper In the comparative example 10, “4 times harder to tear” (manufactured by Asahi Pen Co., Ltd.) was used, and the transmittance in each wavelength region was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 40 under the conditions (weight per unit area, thickness) shown in FIG. did.

  The results of Examples 40 and 41 and Comparative Examples 6 to 10 are shown in FIG.

In Example 40, the thickness is 2 mm, which is about 10 times the thickness of Comparative Examples 6 to 10. However, the visible light transmittance is relatively high for the thickness, and the thickness is increased without significantly impairing the daylighting performance. Heat insulation can be secured. The same applies to the example 41.
[Example 42]
In Example 42, a fiber structure having the conditions (weight per unit area, thickness, density) shown in FIG. 14 was produced in Production Example 1, and this was cut to prepare three test pieces having a sample size of 15 mm width × 150 mm length. The end portions of the test piece were each held by two test chucks, the test piece was pulled, and the tensile strength (vertical and horizontal) was evaluated. This evaluation was performed for each test piece, and the gap between chucks was set to 100 mm. The tensile speed during the test was 100 mm / min, and the data at this time was recorded by an autograph. Here, “vertical” means the tensile strength (MD) in the longitudinal direction of the test piece, and “weft” (CD) means the tensile strength in the transverse direction of the test piece.

Next, in the same manner as described above, the fiber structure produced in Production Example 1 was cut to prepare three test pieces having a sample size of 60 mm × 60 mm, and a Mullen low-pressure tester (manufactured by Tester) was used for each test piece. Then, the breaking strength (kPa) was measured and averaged according to JISP8112. The results are shown in FIG.
[Example 43]
In Example 43, as shown in FIG. 14, the fiber structure was produced in Production Example 1 under conditions (weight per unit area, thickness, density) different from Example 42, and the rest was tensile in the same manner as in Example 42. The strength (N / m) and breaking strength (kPa) were evaluated. Each condition and result are shown in FIG.
[Comparative Examples 11-15]
In Comparative Examples 11 to 15, "Cool shoji" (Comparative Example 11, Nippon Textile Co., Ltd.), "Shoji shochu that is four times less resistant" (Comparative Example 12, manufactured by Asahi Pen Co., Ltd.), "Warlon Sheet" (Comparison) Example 13, Waron Co., Ltd.), “Bright and easy to paste shoji” (Comparative Example 14, Asahi Pen Co., Ltd.) and “Morza Shoji” (Comparative Example 15, Morza Co., Ltd.) had tensile strength (N / m) and breaking strength (kPa) were evaluated. Each result is shown in FIG.

Examples 42 and 43 have lower density, thickness, and softness than those of Comparative Examples 11 to 15, but they are more difficult to pull and rupture than those of Comparative Examples.
(Bending strength)
[Examples 44 to 47]
A fiber structure having a non-woven fiber structure was produced in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except for the conditions (density, thickness, basis weight) shown in the table of FIG. Using this as shoji paper, the items shown in FIG. 15 (air permeability, visible light transmittance, solar heat acquisition rate, thermal conductivity, bending stress, 1.5 times displacement stress) were evaluated (see FIG. 15).
[Comparative Example 16]
A fiber structure having a non-woven fiber structure was produced under the conditions shown in FIG. 15 such as a density of 0.25 (g weight / cm ³ ) in Production Example 1 and evaluated as a shoji paper in the same manner as in Example 44.
[Comparative Example 17]
A non-woven fiber structure fiber structure is manufactured under the conditions (density, thickness, basis weight) shown in FIG. 15 such as a density of 0.045 (g weight / cm ³ ) and a thickness of 20 (mm) in Production Example 1. This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 44 as shoji paper.
[Comparative Example 18]
15 for the shoji paper of “shoulder that is 4 times less torn” (made by Asahi Pen Co.) under the conditions (density, thickness, basis weight) shown in FIG. 15, except for the solar heat gain, thermal conductivity, and 1.5 times displacement stress shown in FIG. The items were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 44.
[Comparative Example 19]
Items other than the solar heat acquisition rate shown in FIG. 15 for “Cool shoji” (Nippon Textile Co., Ltd.) using the nonwoven fabric “Tyvek” (made by DuPont, registered trademark) under the conditions (density, thickness, basis weight) shown in FIG. Were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 44.
[Comparative Example 20]
The conditions (density, thickness, basis weight) shown in FIG. 15 were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 44 for the visible light transmittance and solar heat acquisition rate for the shoji paper (made by Waron) (see FIG. 15).

  Each shoji paper (cool shoji) of Comparative Example 19 shows almost no bending strength and 1.5 times displacement stress, but those of Examples 44 to 47 show bending strength, and the shoji paper of Examples 44 to 47 It is more resistant to bending than the shoji paper of Comparative Examples 18 and 19 (see FIG. 15).

The comparative examples 19 and 20 have high visible light transmittance, but have almost no air permeability. Furthermore, in Comparative Example 16, the density exceeds 0.25 gf / cm ³ , and the air permeability and the visible light transmittance are sacrificed as described above, and the balance in each performance is not preferable. The same applies to Comparative Example 17, and if the density is less than 0.05 gf / cm ³ , the bending stress is low and the balance in terms of performance is low.
<Paper shoji>
[Example 48]
Next, the shoji paper of the fiber structure manufactured in Example 44 was cut and formed with scissors and attached to the shoji frame with double-sided tape to form shoji, and the shoji was irradiated separately in winter and summer as follows. A test was conducted.
(Summer irradiation test)
In the summer, the irradiation test was performed using a room with constant sunlight conditions (e.g., 4.5 tatami mat facing south) where the sunlight was inserted. In this room, a pair sash of about 1.8m x 1.8m is provided so as to partition the inside and outside of the room. The shoji screen is installed so as to face the window on the indoor side. At the same time, the space between the window surface and the outdoor shoji surface was defined as a substantially sealed space.

  In addition, a thermo camera is installed so that the indoor side screen can be photographed, and an illuminance meter and a room temperature meter are installed at predetermined positions where the room illuminance and room temperature can be measured. We took a thermo camera and measured room temperature. The photographing and measurement were performed when the outside air temperature was about 27 to 28 ° C. The temperature of the outer glass surface of the pair sash at the time of photographing was 42 ° C.

  Note that the temperature of the shoji surface at a height of 0.6 m from the floor taken with the thermo camera was taken as the shoji surface temperature, and the temperature 50 cm behind the shoji surface taken with the thermo camera was taken as the floor temperature (see FIG. 17). .

The temperature at this position is measured as the floor temperature. In winter, the cold air around the indoor window comes down, resulting in a phenomenon like a cold draft. By going down. In addition, the floor temperature becomes warmer as it goes deeper into the room, and it depends on that 50 cm (near the window) is the coldest.
(Winter irradiation test)
In winter, a test room unit with a window frame (less than 4 tatami mats, etc.) was installed so that it was completely wrapped in a thermostatic chamber, and the warmth and heat insulation in the winter by shoji were evaluated. A single glass (about 1.8 m × 1.8 m) for partitioning the interior and exterior was installed on the window frame of the test room. The shoji is attached to face the window on the indoor side in the same way as in the summer irradiation test, and a thermo camera or the like is installed so that the measurement and photographing as described above can be performed. The room outside temperature was set to 5 ° C.

  After the outside air temperature has reached 5 ° C, indoor heating is set to 22 ° C (electric stove 800W is controlled to be 22 ° C with a thermostud) for 7 hours, and then 1 hour after the heater is turned off. The shoji surface temperature (the same shoji part as above) and the room temperature were measured with a thermo camera.

  Further, the same measurement was performed 7 hours after the heater was turned off as it was, and the decrease in room temperature was examined.

Each condition and result are shown in FIG. 16, and the temperature distribution of the shoji in summer and winter taken with a thermo camera is shown in FIG.
[Examples 49 to 51]
In Example 49, the fiber structure produced in Example 45 was molded and used as a shoji paper to make a shoji. A summer irradiation test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 48 to evaluate only the room illuminance (see FIG. 16). In Examples 50 and 51, the fiber structures produced in Examples 46 and 47 were molded and used as shoji paper, and the indoor illuminance and room temperature in summer were measured in the same manner as in Example 48 (see FIG. 16). ).
[Comparative Examples 21 and 22]
Next, in Comparative Examples 21 and 22, a summer irradiation test was performed as a shoji using the paper structure manufactured in Comparative Examples 16 and 17 as a shoji paper, and the room illuminance and the room temperature were measured in the same manner as in Example 48. did.
[Comparative Examples 23 to 25]
In Comparative Examples 23 to 25, the shoji paper of Comparative Examples 18 to 20 was used as a shoji, a summer irradiation test and a winter irradiation test were performed, and each item was measured in the same manner as in Example 48 (see FIG. 16). Moreover, about the comparative example 23, the temperature distribution of the shoji in the summer irradiation test and the winter irradiation test which were image | photographed with the thermo camera was shown in FIG. [Comparative Example 26] A winter irradiation test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 48 except that the window glass and the shoji were not attached and the window was fully opened, and the indoor temperature drop was measured (see FIG. 16).
(About summer effect)
Referring to the thermographic diagram of FIG. 17A, in the summer, Comparative Example 23 shows a uniform temperature distribution of about 44 ° C. over the entire surface of the shoji, and the room temperature rises at a high temperature and the cooling load is large. On the other hand, in Example 48, the area of 70 to 80% of the shoji has a feeling of coolness at 34 ° C. to 37 ° C. and the cooling load is small.
(About winter effect)
Referring to FIG. 16, compared to the other shoji screens of Comparative Examples 23 to 25, Example 48 has a result that the room temperature is less likely to be lowered after the room heating is turned “off”. It has the effect of reducing.

Referring to FIG. 17B, Comparative Example 23 shows a uniform temperature distribution of 12 to 13 ° C. over the entire surface of the shoji, and the room temperature is drastically lowered at a low temperature and the heating load is large. On the other hand, in Example 48, 70 to 80% of the shojis have a feeling of warmth in the region of 14 ° C to 15 ° C. There is an effect of shutting out the cooler outside air that is warmer than the shoji (comparative example 23), which has a lower air permeability and is less likely to be broken four times even after one hour has passed after turning off the heating. This is because the fiber structure has voids as shown in FIG. 18 as described above.
<Blind>
[Example 52]
In Example 52, according to Production Example 1, a fiber structure manufactured and molded into a vertical blind slat shape having a thickness of 5 mm, a density (0.1 g weight / cm ³ ), and a size (width 90 mm, length 1800 mm) was produced. A vertical blind was formed using a plurality of these.

  Next, a test room unit (room layout is less than 4 tatami mats and has a window) is installed in an artificial weather chamber (in a thermostatic chamber), the window is a single sash, and the size of the glass surface is 1.8 m × 1.8. m. The above-mentioned vertical blind was installed in the window that partitions the interior and the exterior (see FIG. 19A).

Thereafter, the outside air temperature inside the thermostatic chamber (outside of the room) was set to 30 ° C., and irradiation was started indoors through a window with a lamp 600 W / m equivalent to the summer solstice. After 4 minutes, 30 minutes, and 1 hour from the start of irradiation, the indoor side surface of the vertical blind was photographed with a thermo camera, and the temperature was measured. The measurement of the floor temperature and the room center temperature was the same as in Example 48. In addition, each illuminance (horizontal and vertical) of the blind was measured using an illuminometer. The room was ventilated at 0.5 times / hour (h). Each result is shown in FIG. 20 (C) and FIGS.
[Example 53]
In Example 53, the vertical blind slat of Example 52 was placed in a lace bag and placed in place of the vertical blind slat of Example 52, and the test was performed in the same manner as in Example 52 (FIG. 20). (B), see FIGS.

About the used lace, the thing of the tricot knitted fabric (diagonal twill pattern) of the flame-retardant processed product of polyester was used, and the weight (weight) was attached to the lower end.
[Comparative Example 27]
In Comparative Example 27, “Honeycomb Thermoscreen Standard Type (Pearl White)” (manufactured by Seiki Sangyo Co., Ltd.) was installed instead of the vertical blind of Example 52 and the test was performed in the same manner as in Example 52 (FIG. 20 ( A), see FIGS.
[Comparative Example 28]
In Comparative Example 28, a thermal barrier blind “Sereno 25Q (AX-25Q) C011S (white)” (manufactured by Nichibay) was installed in place of the vertical blind of Example 52, and a test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 52 ( (Refer FIG.20 (D) and FIGS. 21-24).
[Comparative Example 29]
In Comparative Example 29, a test was performed in the same manner as in Example 52 with the vertical blind of Example 52 removed and no blinds or the like attached (see FIG. 20E, see FIGS. 21 to 24).
[Comparative Example 30]
In Comparative Example 30, “Harp 89” (manufactured by Yokota) was installed as a general vertical blind instead of the vertical blind of Example 52, and tests were performed in the same manner as in Example 52 (FIGS. 20F and 21). To 24).
(Heat insulation)
(Indoor blind surface temperature)
As shown in FIG. 21, the indoor side blind surface temperature (° C.) is generally vertical (Comparative Example 30)> Thermal blind (Comparative Example 28)> Honeycomb (Comparative Example 27)> FLX race (Example 53) )> FLX (Example 52).

The thing of Example 52 is superior to Comparative Examples 27-30 (except Comparative Example 29), and the temperature of the indoor blind surface is less likely to rise (see FIGS. 20B and 21B). Further, in Example 53 in which a race was used in combination with that in Example 52, the temperature of the blind surface was low at the same level (see FIG. 20B and other comparisons, see FIG. 21).
(Indoor center temperature)
Referring to FIG. 22, the indoor central temperature (° C.) is as follows. No shoji (Comparative Example 29)> Honeycomb (Comparative Example 27)> FLX (Example 52)> Heat shield blind (Comparative Example 28)> General Vertical (Comparative Example 30)> FLX race (Example 53).

  One hour after the start of irradiation, the indoor center temperature of Comparative Example 27 using the honeycomb thermoscreen is higher than that of Comparative Example 30 of the general vertical blind.

About the comparative example 28 of a thermal-insulation blind, although it has thermal-insulation property, it will become the temperature which is not different from the comparative example 30 of a general vertical blind if it exposes to solar radiation for 1 hour (refer FIGS. 21-23). Compared to these, the FLX race Example 53 maintained a lower indoor center temperature.
(Floor temperature)
Referring to FIG. 23, the floor temperature (° C.) in the test room when 1 hour has passed from the start of irradiation is as follows: no shoji (comparative example 29)> honeycomb (comparative example 27)> general vertical (comparative example 30)> shield Thermal blind (Comparative example 28)> FLX (Example 52)> FLX race (Example 53).

  One hour after the start of irradiation, the floor temperature of Comparative Example 27 using the honeycomb thermoscreen is higher than that of Comparative Example 30 of the general vertical blind.

In summer, it can be said that the floor temperatures of Examples 52 and 53 are particularly excellent as compared with Comparative Example 27 of the honeycomb thermoscreen.
<Daylighting>
(Horizontal illumination, vertical illumination)
Referring to FIG. 24, the horizontal plane illuminance and the vertical plane illuminance are respectively no shoji (Comparative Example 30) >> Honeycomb (Comparative Example 27)> General Vertical (Comparative Example 29)> FLX (Example 52)> FLX Race (Example 53)> Thermal blind (Comparative Example 28) was obtained.

The illuminance of the honeycomb thermoscreen of Comparative Example 27 is the brightest, but on the contrary, it is heated and causes a temperature rise, so the balance in performance is low. The same applies to the thermal barrier blinds. Although the initial performance of the thermal barrier is short after the start of irradiation (after 4 minutes), the room temperature is finally about the same as a general vertical blind (see Fig. 22 (A)). In addition, each illuminance (horizontal and vertical) is low and dark (see FIG. 24).
(Comprehensive evaluation)
Examples 52 and 53 are brighter than the thermal barrier blind, tend to have better thermal barrier properties than the general vertical (Comparative Example 30) and honeycomb (Comparative Example 27), and have a good balance in performance.
[Example 54]
FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram of a slat of Example 54.

  In Example 54, slats 2 and 3 each formed of a fiber structure for a vertical blind (see FIG. 19A) to be installed at the window as an open fitting were formed according to Production Example 1 (see FIG. 26).

In this case, the density of the slat 2 is set higher than 0.1 g / cm ^3, the density of the slats 3 are set lower than 0.1 g / cm ^3, a slat 2 and the lower density slat 3 of the high-density did. Further, the thickness of the slat 2 was 1 mm, the thickness of the slat 3 was 4 mm, and the slats 2 and 3 were formed in substantially the same shape.

  The slats 2 and 3 were joined to each other by heat welding to form an integral two-layer structure. Furthermore, the upper ends of the integrated slats 2 and 3 are press-fitted into the concave portions 4 a of the holder 4 having flexibility, so that the slats 2 and 3 are held by the holder 4.

  Another concave portion 4b and a gripped portion 4c are formed at the center of the holder 4, and the holder 4 is attached to the runner 6 by gripping the gripped portion 4c by the gripping member 5 of the runner 6 of the vertical blind 1. After connecting, the slats 2 and 3 were suspended as shown in FIG.

  The vertical blind 1 has the same configuration as that of a general vertical blind except for the slats 2 and 3 and the holder 4 for holding the slats 2 and 3, and the slats 2 and 3 are rotated together with the runner 6 by the rotation of the runner 6. The positions of the outdoor side and the indoor side of the slats 2 and 3 are switched. That is, it can be reversed.

The operation and effect of the vertical blind according to the embodiment 54 will be described below.
(summer)
FIG. 27A shows a state in which the vertical blind 1 according to the embodiment 54 is provided in the window W into which summer sunlight is inserted, and the high-density slats 2 are arranged on the outdoor side and the low-density slats 3 are arranged on the indoor side. . Reference sign W denotes a partition window that partitions the interior and the exterior.

  When summer solar radiation hits the outdoor slat 2 of the vertical blind 1 through the window W, the slat 2 efficiently reflects heat rays (infrared rays) included in the solar radiation. Moreover, since the slat 2 has a low thermal conductivity, the solar heat is not easily transmitted to the indoor side (see FIGS. 25 and 27).

  The heat rays that have passed through the slats 2 without being reflected by the slats 2 are absorbed by the adjacent indoor slats 3. For this reason, the heat rays and heat contained in solar radiation are difficult to reach the indoor side. Thereby, a higher solar radiation shielding effect can be obtained than a slat formed at a uniform density (the same density as the slat 3) along the direction in which the heat rays pass.

  For example, when the window W is slightly opened, the outdoor slats 2 have a high density, so that high temperature and high humidity outside air hardly passes through the slats 2, and an indoor cooling effect and moisture permeation suppressing effect are obtained.

Further, for example, when the room is cooled by an indoor air conditioner, the heat of the slats 3 having low density and high heat insulation properties makes it difficult for the cold air of the indoor air conditioner to leak out to the outside of the room.
(winter)
FIG. 27 (B) shows a state in which the vertical blind 1 of Example 54 is provided in a window W into which winter solar radiation is inserted, and the slats are reversed from the state shown in FIG. The slat 3 and the high-density slat 2 are arranged on the indoor side.

  When winter solar radiation hits the outdoor slat 3 of the vertical blind 1 through the window W, the slat 3 efficiently absorbs heat rays (infrared rays) contained in the solar radiation and retains heat (see FIG. 26). The heat rays that have passed through the slat 3 without being absorbed by the light are reflected by the outer surface of the adjacent slat 2 on the indoor side and absorbed by the slat 3. Therefore, the heat contained in winter solar radiation is absorbed efficiently and a heat storage effect is obtained. For this reason, a higher solar radiation heat storage effect can be obtained than a slat formed with a uniform density (the same density as the slat 2) along the direction in which the heat rays pass.

  For example, when the window W is slightly opened, warm air in the room tends to move outside through the upper part of the slat, but the slats 2 on the indoor side have a high density and a hydrophilic fiber structure exists at a high density. Therefore, moisture from the indoor side hardly passes through the slats 2 and a moisture permeation suppressing effect is obtained, so that the surface of the window W is less likely to condense, and a moisture retaining effect for indoor air is obtained.

  Further, for example, when the room is heated by the infrared heater H, the heat rays from the infrared heater H are reflected to the indoor side by the slats 2 on the indoor side having high density and high light reflectivity. Therefore, it is difficult for heat rays to leak out of the room, and heating efficiency is increased. Moreover, since the slat 2 is difficult to conduct heat, the heat in the room is not easily taken away.

  Although the cloth used for the conventional heat ray reflective vertical blind is made of thin aluminum and reflects heat, it does not have sufficient translucency and heat insulation. According to the said structure, in the said fiber structure which is a raw material which has sufficient translucency and high cut-off through visible light, a heat-shielding and heat insulation effect can be improved further.

Since the density of the front surface and the back surface of the slats only needs to be different, instead of the slat 2 of Example 54, a reflective material such as a film having a light reflectance higher than that of the slat 3 is used, as will be described later. A slat may be configured, or a slat having a single-layer structure in which the density on the front side and the back side is not a slat having a two-layer structure may be manufactured to obtain the above effect according to the embodiment 54. .
[Example 55]
In Example 55, a slat for a vertical brand having a two-layer structure was formed using the slat 3 of Example 54 and a heat-shielding film having translucency. As this film, a product “3MTM Scotch Tint ™ glass film product specification NANO90S (Nano 90S)” (manufactured by Sumitomo 3M) as a reflective material was used (see FIG. 28).

In addition, the thermal conductivity and density of this film are 0.2-0.33 W / m * K and 1.27-1.4 g / cm < ³ >.

Then, using the formed slats, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 28, a vertical blind is constructed and provided on the indoor side of a test room window having a window for partitioning the outside of the room, and the following irradiation test is performed. It was.
(Irradiation test)
In the irradiation test, the room was irradiated from the outside of the room with a constant irradiation intensity through the window of the test room using a light source lamp having all wavelengths corresponding to solar radiation. During this irradiation, the slat shielding rate (%) for each wavelength region was determined from the ratio of ultraviolet rays, visible rays, and near infrared rays shielded by vertical blind slats (see FIG. 28).

Similarly, the reflectance (%) and transmittance (%) with respect to solar radiation of the slats were determined for each wavelength region. In addition, the notation of “glass” in FIG. 28 means glass of a window (window glass) that partitions the interior and the exterior.
[Example 56]
In Example 56, the irradiation test was performed in the same manner as in Example 55 on the heat shielding performance of the slat (film and slat 3) itself of Example 55, in a state where the window glass of Example 55 was removed (see FIG. 28). ).
[Example 57]
In Example 57, only the slat 3 of Example 54 was used, and the irradiation test etc. were performed by irradiating through a window glass similarly to Example 55 (refer FIG. 28).
[Example 58]
An irradiation test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 55 with the window glass of Example 57 removed and only the slats 3 attached (see FIG. 28).
[Comparative Example 31]
An irradiation test was performed in the same manner as in Example 55 with only the window glass attached (see FIG. 28).
[Comparative Example 32]
An irradiation test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 55 (see FIG. 28), with the film “Nano 90S” adhered only to the indoor side surface of the window glass (Comparative Example 32). (Results) As shown in FIG. 28, in the state where only the window glass is attached in Comparative Example 31, the visible light transmittance is 89%, and the near infrared shielding factor that is an index of the total amount for shielding the heat rays is 16%. became. On the other hand, when the slat 3 of the translucent heat shield sheet is attached to the indoor side of the window glass in Example 57, the visible light transmittance is reduced from 89% to 22%, but the near infrared shielding factor is 16%. From 83% to 83%.

  When the solar radiation shielding performance of the window is further improved by attaching a reflector or film to the slat 3 of the translucent heat shielding sheet, a film that does not impair the visible light transmittance as much as possible while increasing the near infrared shielding performance. It is necessary to install.

  In Example 55, a film “Nano 90S” (manufactured by Sumitomo 3M) was placed between the window glass and the light-transmitting heat-shielding sheet, and this was adhered to the outdoor surface of the slat 3 to cover it. However, compared with Example 57, the visible light transmittance was substantially maintained at 21%, and the near-infrared shielding rate increased by 5% to 88%.

  By the way, a window glass has a solar radiation shielding performance slightly, and when the window is opened for the purpose of ventilation, for example, the solar radiation is shielded only by the translucent heat shielding sheet. Therefore, the irradiation test which investigates the solar shading performance in the slat single-piece | unit (with and without a film) was done for the state which attached only the translucent heat insulation sheet | seat in the state which attached the window glass (Examples 56 and 58).

  As a result, in Example 58, the near-infrared shielding rate was 83% and the visible light transmittance was 20% even in the absence of a window glass. It can be seen that it can have performance.

  Further, when a film was attached to the light-transmitting heat-shielding sheet in the same manner as described above (Example 56), the near-infrared shielding rate increased by about 3% to 86%, and the visible light transmittance was about 4%. % Increased to 24%. This increase in visible light transmittance is considered to be the effect of film sticking.

  On the other hand, when the solar radiation shielding performance was examined with only the translucent heat shielding sheet removed, that is, with only the window glass and the film (Comparative Example 32), the near-infrared shielding rate was as follows: single glass (Comparative Example) Although it rose about 22% compared with 31), it was only about 38%, and the near infrared rays could not be shielded sufficiently.

  From the results of Examples 55 to 57 and Comparative Examples 31 and 32, translucency and light reflectance above a predetermined level with respect to the translucent heat shield sheet used for solar shading as part of vertical blinds (opening fittings) By attaching a film having a slat or the like having a two-layer structure, solar shading performance can be enhanced without impairing the daylighting property of the opening joinery.

  As mentioned above, based on Examples 1-58, the fiber structure (translucent heat-shielding sheet) of this invention, the sheet | seat for shojis using the same, the shoji, the blind slat, the open joiner such as the blind, and the open joiner sheet Although described above, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and design changes and additions are permitted without departing from the spirit of the invention according to each claim of the claims. The

  For example, as for the vertical blinds of the embodiments 52 and 53, those that are attached and hung by a hook as shown in FIG. 19B may be used.

Claims (5)

A blind slats with translucent heat shielding sheet light reflectivity of the fibers comprising fiber structure formed are arranged three-dimensionally,
In the relationship between the density of the fiber structure and the solar heat acquisition rate that changes according to the thickness of the fiber structure, the thickness and density of the fiber structure are within a range where the solar heat acquisition rate is 0.4 or less. By selecting the desired solar heat gain, the visible light transmittance is 15% or higher, the thermal conductivity is 0.045 W / m · K or lower, the solar heat gain is 0.4 or lower, and the density is The fiber structure is manufactured so that the thickness is 0.05 to 0.2 g weight / cm ³ and the thickness is 10 to 1 mm.
The fibrous structure to the fiber surface has a hydrophilic group, Ri Do wet heat adhesive fibers from those in parallel web, blind slats, characterized in that it consists of the fiber structure. A seat for opening a fitting light reflectivity of the fibers using a translucent heat shielding sheet composed of a fiber structure formed are arranged three-dimensionally,
In the relationship between the density of the fiber structure and the solar heat acquisition rate that changes according to the thickness of the fiber structure, the thickness and density of the fiber structure are within a range where the solar heat acquisition rate is 0.4 or less. By selecting the desired solar heat gain, the visible light transmittance is 15% or higher, the thermal conductivity is 0.045 W / m · K or lower, the solar heat gain is 0.4 or lower, and the density is The fiber structure is manufactured so that the thickness is 0.05 to 0.2 g weight / cm ³ and the thickness is 10 to 1 mm.
The fibrous structure to the fiber surface has a hydrophilic group, Ri Do wet heat adhesive fibers from those in parallel web,
A sheet for an opening joinery, which has a two-layer structure using the light-transmitting heat-shielding sheet and a reflective material having a higher light reflectance . A seat for opening a fitting light reflectivity of the fibers using a translucent heat shielding sheet composed of a fiber structure formed are arranged three-dimensionally,
In the relationship between the density of the fiber structure and the solar heat acquisition rate that changes according to the thickness of the fiber structure, the thickness and density of the fiber structure are within a range where the solar heat acquisition rate is 0.4 or less. By selecting the desired solar heat gain, the visible light transmittance is 15% or higher, the thermal conductivity is 0.045 W / m · K or lower, the solar heat gain is 0.4 or lower, and the density is The fiber structure is manufactured so that the thickness is 0.05 to 0.2 g weight / cm ³ and the thickness is 10 to 1 mm.
The fibrous structure to the fiber surface has a hydrophilic group, Ri Do wet heat adhesive fibers from those in parallel web,
A sheet for opening joinery, which has a two-layer structure using the light-transmitting heat-shielding sheet and a light-transmitting heat-shielding sheet having a higher density than the light-transmitting heat-shielding sheet . A seat for opening a fitting light reflectivity of the fibers using a translucent heat shielding sheet composed of a fiber structure formed are arranged three-dimensionally,
In the relationship between the density of the fiber structure and the solar heat acquisition rate that changes according to the thickness of the fiber structure, the thickness and density of the fiber structure are within a range where the solar heat acquisition rate is 0.4 or less. By selecting the desired solar heat gain, the visible light transmittance is 15% or higher, the thermal conductivity is 0.045 W / m · K or lower, the solar heat gain is 0.4 or lower, and the density is The fiber structure is manufactured so that the thickness is 0.05 to 0.2 g weight / cm ³ and the thickness is 10 to 1 mm.
The fibrous structure to the fiber surface has a hydrophilic group, Ri Do wet heat adhesive fibers from those in parallel web,
A sheet for opening joinery comprising the translucent heat shield sheet, wherein the density of the front surface side and the back surface side of the translucent heat shield sheet is different. An opening joinery, wherein the sheet for opening joinery according to any one of claims 2 to 4 is attached so as to be able to be turned upside down.