JP4989045B2 - Power sprayer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power sprayer that can be driven using either an engine or an electric motor as a power source.

  As a portable power sprayer for spraying liquids such as water and agrochemicals on plants such as agricultural crops, a backpack type power sprayer is used. This power sprayer has a tank for storing a liquid, a spray pipe provided with a nozzle at the tip, and a pump connected to each of the tank and the spray pipe for sucking the liquid in the tank and pumping it toward the nozzle. ing. There are a case where an engine is used as shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 as a power source for driving the pump and a case where an electric motor is used as shown in Patent Document 3, and the engine is used as a power source. One of the electric motors is used.

When an engine is used as a power source, there is an advantage that the engine can continue to be driven for a long time by replenishing fuel, but there is a disadvantage that noise and vibration during driving of the engine are larger than when driving an electric motor. is there. On the other hand, when an electric motor is used as a power source, there is an advantage that noise and vibration when driving the electric motor are smaller than when driving the engine, but there is a limit to securing electric power for driving the electric motor. is there. For example, power sprayers that use an electric motor include a power connection type that uses a power connector connected to a commercial power terminal, and a battery-mounted type that uses a rechargeable battery. Will be a hindrance to spraying work, and can not be used when there is no commercial power supply terminal near the spraying place, the battery mounted type can not be used for a long time due to the limit of the battery capacity and charging work is also complicated There is a problem that.
JP-A-11-235146 JP 2002-59043 A JP-A-8-224512

  As described above, each of the power sprayer using the engine and the power sprayer using the electric motor has advantages and disadvantages, so that the engine can be used depending on the environment such as the spray location and the spray amount. If both the electric motor and the electric motor can be selectively used as the power source, the workability of the spraying operation can be improved. In order to be able to exchange the power source between the engine and the electric motor according to the use environment, it is possible to easily attach and detach the engine and the electric motor to the power sprayer from the viewpoint of improving workability. To preferred.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a power sprayer that can drive either an engine or an electric motor as a power source in accordance with the use environment, and can easily attach and detach the engine and the electric motor. There is.

In the power sprayer of the present invention, a pump for injecting the liquid in the tank from the nozzle is attached to the sprayer body, and either the engine output side joint provided in the engine or the motor output side joint provided in the electric motor is selected. to removably provided driven joint to be mounted on the sprayer body, none of the second clutch shoe provided on the output shaft of the first clutch shoe and the engine which is provided on the output shaft of the electric motor provided clutch drum is found selectively assembled to the pump shaft of the pump, on the driven side joint, the latch engages one into the latch or fastening lever provided to the engine output side joint and the motor output side joint or the other fastening lever provided, the driven Joy by engaging the said latch the fastening lever When the motor output side joint is fastened to the clutch, a centrifugal clutch for transmitting motor power is constituted by the clutch drum and the first clutch shoe housed therein, and the latch and the fastening lever are engaged with each other. wherein when the driven side joint entered the engine output side joint, the clutch drum and the second centrifugal clutch for transmitting the engine power by the clutch shoes accommodated in this and wherein Rukoto configured Te.

  According to the present invention, since either the engine or the electric motor can be selectively attached to the driven side joint provided in the sprayer body, the pump of the power sprayer can be attached to either the engine or the electric motor. It can be driven as a power source. Therefore, the workability of the spraying operation can be improved by preparing the engine and the electric motor as attachments and driving the power sprayer using either one of the power sources according to the use environment.

  According to the present invention, the engine can be attached to and detached from the sprayer main body and the electric motor can be attached and detached by opening and closing the fastening lever. Therefore, the power source can be easily attached and detached or replaced in accordance with the operating environment of the power sprayer. Can be done.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a power sprayer according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (A) shows a state where an engine is mounted on the sprayer body, and FIG. The state where the electric motor is mounted is shown. FIG. 2 is a front view showing the sprayer main body in a state where neither the engine nor the electric motor is mounted.

  This power sprayer is a portable power sprayer of a backpack type used for spraying liquids such as water and agricultural chemicals on plants such as agricultural crops, and has a sprayer body 10. A bottom plate 11 is provided at the lower end of the sprayer main body 10 as a base when the power sprayer is placed on the ground, and a tank 12 for storing liquid such as water or agrochemical is provided at the upper end. A tank cap 13 that closes the tank inlet is detachably attached to the top wall of the tank 12. A spray band (not shown) is attached to the sprayer main body 10, and when the worker performs the spraying work, the power sprayer is placed on the back of the worker so that the back rests on the backrest 14. Be borne.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a spray tube 16 provided with a nozzle 15 at the tip is attached to the sprayer main body 10 via a flexible hose 17. The sprayer main body 10 is provided with a holder (not shown) that engages with the spray tube 16. When the spraying operation is not performed, the spray tube 16 can be fixed to the holder. Is operated by holding the spray tube 16 in the hand.

  A pump 18 is attached to the sprayer body 10 in order to suck the liquid in the tank 12 and eject it from the nozzle 15, and the hose 17 is connected to the discharge port of the pump 18. The sprayer body 10 and the tank 12 may be integrally formed of a resin material, or the tank 12 and the sprayer body 10 may be assembled as separate members.

  As described above, the power sprayer has the sprayer body 10 that drives the pump 18 to suck the liquid in the tank 12 and sprays it from the nozzle 15, and the driven joint 20 provided in the sprayer body 10 is connected to the driven sprayer 20. Both the engine E and the electric motor M are selectively detachably mounted as power sources for driving the pump 18. As shown in FIG. 1A, an engine output side joint 21 that is detachably attached to the driven side joint 20 is provided at the end of the engine E, and the end of the electric motor M is shown in FIG. As shown to B), the motor output side joint 22 detachably attached to the driven side joint 20 is provided. The driven joint 20 is provided with a cylindrical inlay portion 20a, and the engine output side joint 21 and the motor output side joint 22 are respectively formed with recesses into which the inlay portion 20a is fitted.

  3 is an enlarged sectional view showing the engine output side joint 21 and the driven side joint 20 in the power sprayer to which the engine E is mounted. FIG. 4 is a motor output side joint 22 in the power sprayer to which the electric motor M is mounted. FIG. 5A is a front view showing the engine output side joint 21, and FIG. 5B is a front view showing the motor output side joint 22. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the engine output side joint 21 is formed with a recess 21a into which the spigot portion 20a of the driven side joint 20 is fitted, and the spigot portion 20a is fitted into the motor output side joint 22 as shown in FIG. A concave portion 22a is formed. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a bearing 24 that supports a pump shaft 23 is incorporated in the driven side joint 20, and a clutch drum 25 is attached to the pump shaft 23 as a driven side connecting member. Has a disc portion 25a and a cylindrical portion 25b extending in the axial direction from the outer peripheral portion thereof, and a pump shaft 23 is attached to the disc portion 25a.

  The engine E is a four-cycle single-cylinder gasoline engine. As shown in FIG. 3, the engine E has a crankcase 27 that rotatably supports an engine output shaft 26 including a crankshaft. Engine components (not shown) such as cylinders that are freely mounted are incorporated, and the crankcase 27 is covered with an engine cover 28 as shown in FIG. The engine E is provided with a recoil starter, and the engine E can be started by manually rotating the engine output shaft 26 by pulling the recoil knob 29 manually. A fuel tank 30 for storing gasoline is provided below the engine E. When the engine E is driven using the gasoline in the fuel tank 30 as fuel, the engine output shaft 26 is rotated and the engine output shaft 26 is driven. The mounted cooling fan 31 cools the engine E. A two-cycle engine may be used as the engine.

As shown in FIG. 3, a disc-shaped rotating plate 32 is fixed to the tip of the engine output shaft 26, and the rotating plate 32 is shifted in phase by approximately 180 degrees in the rotational direction as shown in FIG. A clutch shoe (second clutch shoe) 34 is attached to each of the two support pins 33 fixed as described above as a drive side connecting member so as to be swingable around the support pin 33. A friction contact portion 34 a that contacts the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 25 b of the clutch drum 25 is provided. A tension coil spring 35 is mounted between the clutch shoes 34, and the tension coil spring 35 causes the frictional contact portion 34 a to move away from the cylindrical portion 25 b of the clutch drum 25 to each clutch shoe 34. Has been added.

  The clutch shoe 34 as a driving side connecting member and the clutch drum 25 as a driven side connecting member constitute a centrifugal clutch 36 as a clutch mechanism. Therefore, when starting the engine E by pulling the recoil knob 29, the centrifugal clutch 36 is in an open state, and a large resistance force is not applied to the recoil knob 29, so the engine E can be started easily. Due to the centrifugal force applied to the clutch shoe 34 as the engine speed increases, the clutch shoe 34 expands against the spring force of the tension coil spring 35 and makes frictional contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 25b of the clutch drum 25. The clutch drum 25 and the clutch shoe 34 are connected by pressing the portion 34a. When the engine output shaft 26 is directly connected to the pump shaft 23 via the centrifugal clutch 36, the pump 18 is driven via the pump shaft 23.

  The electric motor M has a motor case 37 having a substantially rectangular cross section. A motor output shaft 38 made of an amateur shaft is rotatably supported in the motor case 37 as shown in FIG. In this, an armature (not shown) fixed to the motor output shaft 38 and a magnet (not shown) facing the armature are incorporated as a motor component. A rechargeable battery 39 such as a lithium ion battery is mounted on the lower side of the electric motor M, and the electric motor M can be driven by electric power supplied from the battery 39. . However, a cable having a plug connected to the commercial power supply terminal may be attached to the electric motor M to drive the motor with commercial power.

As shown in FIG. 4, a disc-shaped rotary plate 32a is fixed to the tip of the motor output shaft 38. The rotary plate 32a is connected to the drive side in the same manner as the rotary plate 32 shown in FIG. A clutch shoe (first clutch shoe) 34 or the like constituting the member is provided, and forms a centrifugal clutch 36 a together with the clutch drum 25 attached to the pump shaft 23. As shown in FIG. 6, the centrifugal clutches 36 and 36a have the same structure when the engine E is mounted on the sprayer main body 10 and when the electric motor M is mounted. The centrifugal clutch 36a causes the clutch shoe 34 to not contact the clutch drum 25 until the rotational speed of the electric motor M increases to a predetermined value or more, that is, without applying a large resistance force to the motor output shaft 38. The clutch shoe 34 expands against the spring force and is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 25b of the clutch drum 25 by the centrifugal force that increases as the motor speed increases. The motor output shaft 38 is directly connected to the pump shaft 23 via the centrifugal clutch 36a.

  In the power sprayer of the present invention, the engine E and the electric motor M can be selectively mounted on the driven side joint 20 provided in the pump 18, so that the engine E and the electric motor M are attached as attachments. And the power sprayer can be used as either an engine-driven type or a motor-driven type depending on the usage environment. For example, spraying can be performed using the engine E as a driving source in a place where quietness is not required, and spraying can be performed using the electric motor M as a driving source in a place where quietness is required. The drive source can be selected according to the environment.

  Further, in this power sprayer, when the engine E and the electric motor M are removed from the driven joint 20, the clutch drum 25 and the clutch shoe 34 constituting the centrifugal clutches 36 and 36a are exposed to the outside, so that the centrifugal clutches 36 and 36a are exposed. Maintenance work such as maintenance and replacement of the clutch shoe 34 can be easily performed. 4 and 6, the clutch drum 25 is attached to the pump shaft 23 and the clutch shoe 34 is attached to the engine E or the electric motor M, so that the clutch drum 25 can be replaced without replacing the clutch shoe 34. The engine E and the electric motor M can be set to have different settings such as the pressing force of the clutch shoe 34 and the friction coefficient.

  As shown in FIG. 1, both the engine E and the electric motor M are detachably mounted and fastened to the sprayer body 10, and both sides of the engine output side joint 21 are attached to the engine E. As shown in FIG. 5 (A), a fastening lever 41 is swingably provided. The electric motor M has fastening levers 41a on both sides of the motor output side joint 22 as shown in FIG. 5 (B). Each of the fastening levers 41 and 41a has a similar structure and is engaged with a fastening groove 42 formed in the driven joint 20 of the sprayer main body 10.

  FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing details of the fastening levers 41 and 41a and the fastening groove. As shown in FIG. 2, clamp blocks 43 are provided on both sides of the driven joint 20, and fastening grooves 42 are formed in the respective clamp blocks 43. As shown in FIG. 7, the fastening levers 41, 41 a are gripped by an operator and are operated to swing around a pin 44, and are provided integrally with the operating portion 45 and inserted into the fastening groove 42. Engaging arm 46. A fastening lever 41 is swingably attached to the engine output side joint 21 by a pin 44 fixed to the engine output side joint 21, and a fastening lever 41a is swingably attached to the motor output side joint 22 by a pin 44 fixed thereto. Will be.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the fastening groove 42 is formed by being bent into a substantially L shape from an opening 42 a that opens in a mounting surface on which the engine output side joint 21 and the motor output side joint 22 are selectively mounted. If the engine E or the electric motor M is assembled to the sprayer main body 10 in a state where the fastening levers 41 and 41a are rotated to the unlocking position as shown by broken lines in FIG. 7, the fastening levers 41 and 41a are attached. The engaging arm 46 is inserted into the fastening groove 42 from the opening 42a. Under this state, when the operator rotates the fastening levers 41 and 41a counterclockwise in FIG. 7 by the operation unit 45, the engagement surface 47 formed on the clamp block 43 is engaged as shown by the solid line. The combined arm 46 comes into contact.

  A latch 48 for tightening the engagement arm 46 with the engagement surface 47 is mounted on the clamp block 43 so as to be able to protrude and retract in the fastening groove 42, and a spring force in the protruding direction is urged. When the fastening levers 41, 41 a are rotated from the position indicated by the broken line toward the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 7, the engagement arm 46 contacts the engagement surface 47 after being moved so as to retract the latch 48. When the engagement arm 46 is rotated to this position, the latch 48 protrudes to the back side of the engagement arm 46 and the engagement arm 46 is locked between the engagement surface 47. As described above, when the engine E or the electric motor M is fastened to the sprayer main body 10, the two fastening levers 41 and 41a are rotated to insert the engaging arm 46 into the fastening groove 42 and latch. 48 is engaged with the engagement arm 46.

  When the engine E or the electric motor M is removed from the sprayer main body 10, the clamp block 43 is provided with a lock release button 49 interlocked with the latch 48 in order to release the engagement between the engagement arm 46 and the latch 48. When the lock release button 49 is pushed, the latch 48 moves backward to the outside of the fastening groove 42, and the lock of the engagement arm 46 by the latch 48 is released.

  In this way, the fastening levers 41 and 41a provided in the engine E and the electric motor M can be selectively engaged with the latch 48 provided in the driven side joint 20, and the engine output side joint 21 and the motor output can be engaged. Since both of the side joints 22 can be selectively fastened to the driven side joint 20, by preparing the engine E and the electric motor M as attachments, the power sprayer can be installed in the engine according to the usage environment. It can be used as either a drive type or a motor drive type. Since the engine output side joint 21 and the motor output side joint 22 can be easily fastened to the driven side joint 20 by a simple operation of rotating the fastening levers 41 and 41a, the engine E to the driven side joint 20 can be easily connected. And the electric motor M can be easily attached and detached.

  In the present embodiment, the driven joint 20 is provided with the fastening groove 42 and the latch 48, and the engine E and the electric motor M are provided with the fastening levers 41 and 41a. A fastening lever 41 may be provided on the driven side joint 20 and a fastening groove 42 and a latch 48 may be provided on the engine E and the electric motor M. In this case, the engine output can be obtained by the same operation as that in the present embodiment. The side joint 21 and the motor output side joint 22 can be easily fastened to the driven side joint 20.

  8A is an enlarged perspective view of the engine speed regulator shown in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 8B is an enlarged view of the motor speed regulator shown in FIG. 1B. It is a perspective view shown. As shown in FIG. 1, the sprayer main body 10 is provided with a rod-like support member 50 protruding at a position where the fingertip can reach when the operator carries the power sprayer on the back, and the engine E is provided at the driven joint 20. When mounted, the support member 50 is detachably mounted with an engine speed adjuster 51 for adjusting the engine speed, and when the electric motor M is mounted on the driven joint 20, A motor rotational speed adjuster 52 for adjusting the motor rotational speed is detachably attached to the support member 50.

  The engine speed adjuster 51 is connected to the engine E via a cable 53 as shown in FIG. 8A, and can swing freely in a direction indicated by an arrow in the figure by a holder 54 and a support pin 55. And a lever 56 that is supported by the motor. A mounting band 57 having a substantially C-shaped cross section is attached to the holder 54, and the mounting band 57 can be expanded at an opening end portion 57a. Bolts 58 are inserted into the open end portions 57a, and nuts 59 are inserted into the bolts 58 inserted through the open end portions 57a in a state where the mounting band 57 is fitted into the support member 50. By fastening, the engine speed regulator 51 can be detachably attached to the support member 50.

  The cable 53 has a flexible outer tube 53a and an inner cable 53b that is movably accommodated therein. One end of the inner cable 53b is connected to a lever 56, and the other end is a throttle of the engine E. (Not shown). Further, one end of the outer tube 53a is fixed to the holder 54, and the other end is fixed to the engine cover 28. The moving path length of the inner cable 53b between the holder 54 and the engine E is a predetermined length by the outer tube 53a. Is limited. Therefore, by operating the lever 56, the engine speed can be adjusted by opening and closing the throttle via the inner cable 53b.

  The motor rotation speed adjuster 52 is connected to the electric motor M via an electric cord 61 as shown in FIG. 8B, and a holder 62 similar to the holder 54 provided in the engine rotation speed adjuster 51 and this The holder 62 has a dial 64 as an operation portion that is rotatably supported by a support pin 63 in a direction indicated by an arrow in the figure. A mounting band 65 having a substantially C-shaped cross section is attached to the holder 62, and the mounting band 65 can be expanded at an opening end 65a. Bolts 66 are inserted into the open end portions 65a, and nuts 67 are inserted into the bolts 66 inserted into the open end portions 65a with the mounting band 65 fitted into the support member 50. By fastening, the motor rotation speed adjuster 52 can be detachably attached to the support member 50.

  FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a variable resistor incorporated in the motor speed regulator shown in FIG. A variable resistor 68 is embedded in the holder 62, and the variable resistor 68 is connected to a control device (not shown) of the electric motor M via an electric cord 61, and a resistor to which a power supply voltage is applied from the battery 39. 69 and a moving terminal 70 connected to the electric motor M. The moving terminal 70 is fixed to the adjustment dial 64 and slidably contacts the resistor 69. Therefore, by rotating the adjustment dial 64 as the operation unit, the driving current supplied from the battery 39 to the electric motor M is changed by changing the contact position between the moving terminal 70 and the resistor 69, and the electric motor M The rotation speed of the motor M can be adjusted.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a side view of the power sprayer which is one embodiment of this invention, (A) shows the state with which the engine was mounted | worn with the sprayer main body, (B) has the state with which the electric motor was mounted | worn with the sprayer main body. Indicates. It is a front view which shows the sprayer main body in the state in which neither an engine nor an electric motor is mounted. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the engine output side joint and driven side joint in the power sprayer with which the engine was mounted | worn. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the motor output side joint and driven side joint in the power sprayer with which the electric motor was mounted | worn. (A) is a front view which shows an engine output side joint, (B) is a front view which shows a motor output side joint. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 in FIG. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the detail of a fastening lever and the groove | channel for fastening. (A) is an enlarged perspective view showing the engine speed regulator shown in FIG. 1 (A), and (B) is an enlarged perspective view showing the motor speed regulator shown in FIG. 1 (B). is there. FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a variable resistor incorporated in the motor rotation speed adjuster shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Sprayer main body 12 Tank 15 Nozzle 18 Pump 20 Drive side joint 21 Engine output side joint 22 Motor output side joint 23 Pump shaft 25 Clutch drum (driven side connecting member)
26 Engine output shaft 34 Clutch shoe (drive side connecting member)
36 Centrifugal clutch 41, 41a Fastening lever 42 Fastening groove 48 Latch

Claims (1)

A pump that injects the liquid in the tank from the nozzle is attached to the sprayer body,
The sprayer main body is provided with a driven joint on which both an engine output side joint provided on the engine and a motor output side joint provided on the electric motor are selectively detachably mounted,
The provided clutch drum both are found selectively assembling of the first clutch shoe provided on the output shaft of the electric motor and the second clutch shoe provided on the output shaft of the engine to the pump shaft of the pump,
The driven side joint is provided with the other of the latch or the fastening lever that engages with one of the latch or the fastening lever provided on the engine output side joint and the motor output side joint,
When said by engaging the engagement lever and the latch enters into the motor output side joint on the driven side joint, the centrifugal clutch for transmitting the motor power by said first clutch shoes accommodated in this and the clutch drum Is configured,
A centrifugal clutch that transmits engine power by the clutch drum and the second clutch shoe accommodated in the engine when the engine output side joint is fastened to the driven side joint by engaging the latch and the fastening lever. power sprayer, characterized in Rukoto but configured.

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