JP4986597B2 - Exterior wall panel - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to improvement of heat resistance and weather resistance of an outer wall panel of a building.

  Conventionally, an outer wall panel of a building is constructed by applying a specific adhesive composed of a main agent and an auxiliary agent on a primer after applying an acrylic emulsion primer on a metal substrate and sticking a tile. Is generally (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

It is also known to use a curable inorganic foam molded article containing SiO ₂ · Al ₂ O ₃ inorganic powder, alkali metal silicate, and water as a building material (see, for example, Patent Document 2). .
JP-A-60-98056 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-309617

  However, for example, in an outer wall panel in which a face material (tile, inorganic foamed molded body, etc.) is bonded to the substrate with an adhesive, depending on the size of the face material and the bonding method, the distortion of the face material due to high heat during a fire (Expansion and contraction and bending) occur, the adhesive softens and burns, and the face material attached to the surface may be peeled off and peeled off in a short time.

  In this case, if the size of the face material is reduced, the influence of the fall of the face material becomes small according to the reduction, but as the size of the face material is reduced, the heat that has entered from the joints starts from the edge of the face material. The time until it reaches the center is shortened, and the proportion of the effective adhesion area where the adhesive force remains without progressing the softening of the adhesive due to heat becomes small at an early stage, and the peeling is accelerated. There's a problem.

  Further, when the temperature inside the face material or the substrate rises, thermal deformation such as warpage occurs due to non-uniform temperature distribution. Although the amount of deformation differs depending on the composition of the face material and the substrate and the density distribution, the amount of deformation increases as the size is increased. For this reason, when the size of the face material is enlarged, there is a problem that the region where the adhesive surface between the face material and the substrate is separated is enlarged, and the peeling is accelerated.

  As for the outer wall panel, the safety of the face material can be maintained even under high heat conditions such as a fire, that is, the optimum value considering the balance between the reduction of the danger due to peeling during heating and the increase in the possibility of peeling. It is important to consider safety (hereinafter referred to as “heat-resistant safety”).

  However, this heat-resistant safety is not currently known for individual outer wall panels (particularly face materials).

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above problems, and in an outer wall panel using a specific face material, the size of the face material is limited to a specific size, and the method of bonding to a substrate is improved. An object of the present invention is to provide an outer wall panel having excellent heat resistance and safety.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the outer wall panel described in claim 1 has a curability adjusted from SiO ₂ · Al ₂ O ₃ based inorganic powder, an alkali metal silicate, a surfactant , and water. An outer wall panel in which a plurality of inorganic foam molded articles containing an inorganic composition are attached to a substrate with an elastic adhesive, the inorganic foam molded article having a side of 100 mm to 400 mm and an area of 20,000 mm ^{2 to} 160,000 mm ² and a substantially rectangular shape having a thickness of 6 mm or more.

  This outer wall panel is a porous inorganic foam molded body with a porous outer wall panel, has high frost resistance, and can be used without painting, so heat transfer is slow and an inorganic foam molded body Can exhibit moisture absorption and desorption, and the temperature rise inside the outer wall panel is alleviated.

  That is, when the inorganic foam molded body of the present invention is used as the face material of the outer wall panel, the temperature rise of the adhesive due to heat (fire, etc.) received from the outside is alleviated. For this reason, even if the adhesive force of the adhesive on the periphery of the inorganic foam molded article is lost due to the flame or heat entering from the joint portion of the outer wall panel, the temperature rise of the adhesive on the inner side of the adhesive surface is delayed, A decrease in the adhesion area caused by distortion of the substrate inside the outer wall panel or the inorganic foam molded body is suppressed, and the time until the inorganic foam molded body peels off the substrate (hereinafter referred to as “stripping time”) is suppressed. Extended.

Further, the one side of the inorganic foamed molded body is 100mm or more, because the area is 20,000 mm ² or more, sufficient time bonding area required to hold the inorganic foamed molded by softening by heat of the adhesive While being able to maintain, since this one side is 400 mm or less and an area is 160,000 mm < ² > or less, peeling of the inorganic foaming molded object by dead weight can be prevented. And since thickness is 6 mm or more, the heat transfer from the surface of an inorganic foaming molding to an adhesive agent is delayed, and peeling of an inorganic foaming molding is delayed. In addition, since the weight of an inorganic foaming molding will become large and the burden to adhesive force will become large when thickness exceeds 40 mm, it is preferable that the upper limit of thickness is 40 mm or less.

  That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize an outer wall panel excellent in heat-resistant safety that is optimized for the extension of the time until the inorganic foamed molded article is peeled off by heating and the reduction of the danger due to the peeling.

  The outer wall panel described in claim 2 is the outer wall panel described in claim 1, wherein the substrate is a metal substrate.

  Since this outer wall panel has a metal substrate, it is possible to realize an outer wall panel in which distortion of the outer wall panel due to heat, peeling and peeling of the inorganic foam molded body due to this are suppressed, and heat resistance and safety are further improved.

  The outer wall panel according to claim 3 is the outer wall panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer wall panel is a laminated plate, and at least one layer is a gypsum plate.

  This outer wall panel is made by interposing a gypsum board between the inorganic foam molded body and the substrate. The distortion of the outer wall panel due to heat, the peeling and peeling of the inorganic foam molded body due to this, is suppressed, and the heat-resistant safety An outer wall panel with improved can be realized.

In addition, since the outer wall panel uses an elastic adhesive as an adhesive, it absorbs the distortion caused by the temperature rise of the inorganic foam molded body and the substrate, and the peeling and peeling of the inorganic foam molded body can be suppressed. An outer wall panel with improved performance can be realized.

  That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize an outer wall panel having excellent heat resistance and safety, which is optimized to extend the time until the face material is peeled off by heating and to reduce the danger due to peeling.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the outer wall panel of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an outer wall panel according to the first embodiment.

The outer wall panel 10 of Example 1 has a horizontal width of 900 mm and a vertical width of 3000 mm. The inorganic foamed molded body 11 used in the outer wall panel 10 is formed, for example, by the method described in JP 07-309617 A, and includes an SiO ₂ · Al ₂ O ₃ based inorganic powder, an alkali metal silicate, an interface It forms from the curable inorganic composition adjusted from at least one of an activator or a foaming agent, and water.

  And this outer wall panel 10 adhere | attaches the steel plate 14 of thickness 0.4mm on both surfaces of the gypsum board 12 of thickness 15mm with the organic polymer type adhesive agent 13, and makes this a board | substrate (laminated board), this board | substrate On the surface of the iron plate 14 on the outer surface side, the inorganic foamed molded body 11 was adhered with an organic polymer adhesive 13. The side surface of the outer wall panel 10 was covered by extending the outer edge of the iron plate 14 on the outer surface side in the direction of the back surface of the outer wall panel 20. The specification and adhesion method of the inorganic foam molded body 11 used in the outer wall panel 10 of this example are shown together with the results of the fire resistance test described below.

  Table 1 shows the results of the fire resistance test. Hereinafter, the heat safety of the outer wall panel of this example will be described based on Table 1.

耐火試験は、外壁パネル１０の耐熱安全性を評価するため、外壁パネル１０の面上に配置した無機発泡成形体１１の厚さ、一辺の長さ、接着面積、比重、及び、接着剤の種類、塗布量をパラメータ化し、この外壁パネル１０を国土交通省告示の準耐火試験の加熱条件に従って加熱し、無機発泡成形体１１の剥落時間を測定することで行った。

In the fire resistance test, in order to evaluate the heat-resistant safety of the outer wall panel 10, the thickness, the length of one side, the bonding area, the specific gravity, and the kind of adhesive of the inorganic foam molded body 11 arranged on the surface of the outer wall panel 10. The coating amount was parameterized, and the outer wall panel 10 was heated according to the heating conditions of the semi-fire resistance test notified by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, and the peeling time of the inorganic foamed molded body 11 was measured.

[thickness]
When the case other than the thickness is compared in a common case, Example No. 1 (thickness: 15 mm) was peeled off for 20.5 minutes. 4 (thickness: 25 mm) was 24.5 minutes, and Example No. The stripping time of 7 (thickness: 7 mm) is 14 minutes. Comparative Example No. Compared with the peeling time of 2 (thickness: 3.5 mm) of 5.5 minutes, it shows a sufficient peeling time.

  The decrease in the thickness of the inorganic foamed molded article 11 is related to the reduction in the risk of peeling due to weight reduction and the reduction in the peeling time due to the extension of the heat transfer time, but is limited to the inorganic foamed molded article 11 of the present invention. At the lower limit of the thickness (6 mm), at least the peeling time can be ensured to be less than 14 minutes.

  Moreover, since the weight of an inorganic foaming molding will become large when thickness exceeds 40 mm and the burden to adhesive force will become large, it is preferable that the upper limit of thickness is 40 mm or less.

[Length of one side] or [Adhesion area]
In comparison with the common case except for the length of one side and the adhesion area, Example No. 1 (one side: 300 mm) was peeled off for 20.5 minutes. 2 (one side: 110 mm) peeling time was 15.3 minutes, Example No. 3 (one side: 390 mm) peeling time is 19.3 minutes. Comparative Example No. Compared with 8.7 minutes of the stripping time of 1 (one side: 90 mm), the stripping time is sufficient.

  The length of one side of the inorganic foamed molded body 11 correlates with the adhesion area, and the decrease in the adhesion area reduces the risk of peeling due to weight reduction and the heat that enters from the joint is transmitted from the edge of the face material to the center. The time required to shorten the peeling time due to the early reduction in the proportion of the effective bonding area where the adhesive force remains without progressing the softening of the adhesive due to heat, but the inorganic foam of the present invention With the lower limit value of 100 mm of the length of one side defined by the molded body 11, at least the peeling time can be secured at least 15.3 minutes.

Here, Example No. in which sufficient peeling time is secured. The length of one side of 2 is 110 mm, and the adhesion area is 27,500 mm ² . On the other hand, comparative example No. with a peeling time of 8.7 minutes is insufficient. The length of one side of 1 is 90 mm, and the bonding area is 27,000 mm ² . That is, the difference in adhesion area between the two specifications is small, but the difference in peeling time is large. From this result, if the length of one side is 100 mm or more, even if it is about 20,000 mm ² , a sufficient peeling time will be secured.

In addition, regarding the length of one side of the inorganic foamed molded body 11 and the upper limit value of the bonding area, if emphasis is given to the prevention of the machine-free foam 11 or substrate distortion due to temperature rise, and peeling and peeling due to its own weight. , Respectively, are preferably 400 mm or less and 160,000 mm ² or less.

[Adhesive type]
In comparison with the common case except for the type of the adhesive 13, Example No. 1 (modified silicone / epoxy elastic adhesive) was peeled off for 20.5 minutes. The stripping time of 10 (epoxy adhesive) is 15.5 minutes.

  When the plates constituting the outer wall panel 10 are bonded using a modified silicone / epoxy elastic adhesive as an elastic adhesive, the distortion of each plate accompanying the temperature rise is absorbed and the generation of gaps is suppressed. (Decrease in adhesion area and flame intrusion can be suppressed), and the peeling time can be extended as compared with the case of bonding using an epoxy adhesive as an inelastic adhesive.

[Coating amount]
In comparison with the common case except for the coating amount, Example No. 1 (coating amount: 1,000 g / m ² ) was 20.5 minutes, and Example No. 8 (coating amount: 500 g / m ² ) has a peeling time of 16.7, Example No. The stripping time of 9 (coating amount: 2,000 g / m ² ) is 18.5. The extension of the spallation time with increasing coating weight was observed a peak at the outer wall panel 10 of the present embodiment ^is preferably ^{500g / m 2 ~2,000g / m 2} .

[specific gravity]
In comparison with the common case except for the specific gravity, Example No. 1 (specific gravity: 1.1) peeling time was 20.5 minutes, Example No. 5 (specific gravity: 0.7) peeling time was 21 minutes, Example No. The stripping time of 6 (specific gravity: 1.35) is 19 minutes.

The decrease in the specific gravity of the inorganic foamed molded body 11 is related to the reduction in the risk of peeling due to weight reduction and the extension of the peeling time due to the heat insulating effect accompanying the increase in the bubble content. There is no significant difference in stripping time due to the difference.
However, the specific gravity is preferably 0.6 or more from the viewpoint of strength. In addition, the heat insulation effect is reduced during the surface heating, and there is no escape route of water vapor due to the evaporation of moisture held by the inorganic foam molded body 11, so that the risk of the inorganic foam molded body 11 exploding is 1.4 or less. It is preferable that

Next, the effect will be described.
In the outer wall panel 10 of the present embodiment, the effects listed below can be obtained.
(1) The outer wall panel 10 of this example is a curable inorganic material prepared from SiO ₂ · Al ₂ O ₃ based inorganic powder, alkali metal silicate, at least one of a surfactant or a foaming agent, and water. A plurality of inorganic foam molded bodies 11 containing the composition are attached to a substrate with an adhesive, and the inorganic foam molded body 11 has a side of 100 mm to 400 mm, an area of 20,000 mm ^{2 to} 160,000 mm ² , and a thickness. Therefore, the heat resistance and safety are optimized by optimizing the extension of the time until the inorganic foamed molded article is peeled off by heating and the reduction of the danger due to the peeling.

  (2) Since the outer wall panel 10 of the present embodiment includes the iron plate 14, distortion of the outer wall panel 10 due to heat, separation and peeling of the inorganic foam molded body due to this can be suppressed, and heat resistance and safety are further improved.

  (3) Since the outer wall panel 10 of the present embodiment has the gypsum plate 12 interposed between the inorganic foamed molded body 11 and the iron plate 14, the gypsum plate 12 acts as a refractory material. This prevents the distortion of the iron plate 14 and the peeling and peeling of the inorganic foamed molded product, thereby further improving the heat-resistant safety.

  (4) Since the outer wall panel 10 of the present embodiment uses a modified silicone / epoxy elastic adhesive as an elastic adhesive, it absorbs the distortion caused by the temperature rise of the inorganic foamed molded body 11 and the iron plate 14, and the inorganic foam molded The peeling of the body 11 can be suppressed, and the heat-resistant safety is further improved.

  Although the embodiments have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and appropriate modifications can be made within the scope described in the claims. For example, the following cases are included. To do.

  The adhesive 13 is not limited to an elastic silicone / epoxy adhesive. The outer wall panel 10 having the same function can be manufactured as long as it is an elastic adhesive made of another chemical species having the same performance as the silicone epoxy capable of absorbing the distortion of each plate of the inorganic foamed molded body 11 and the metal substrate 14.

  In the present embodiment, the iron plate 14 is applied as a constituent plate of the substrate (laminate plate) of the outer wall panel 10, but the specification of the inorganic foam molded body 11 shown in the present embodiment is adopted even if a non-metal plate is substituted. Therefore, heat-resistant safety can be improved.

  A zinc metal plate is used as a constituent plate of the substrate of the outer wall panel 10. If it does in this way, the fall of the mechanical strength by rust is suppressed, and by this, the strength fall of the outer wall panel 10 by a temperature rise is further suppressed, and the outer wall panel 10 which suppressed the strength fall by heating can be manufactured.

  A plurality of gypsum plates 12 are interposed in any layer of the outer wall panel 10 which is a laminated plate. In addition to the plaster plate 12, a plate made of a material having an excellent heat insulating effect is used or substituted. If it does in this way, the outer wall panel 10 in which the heat-resistant safety was further improved can be manufactured.

  In the specification of the inorganic foamed molded article 11 of the present embodiment, the specific gravity is 0.6 or more and 1.4 or less. If it does in this way, while suppressing the increase in peeling and peeling by the distortion of the inorganic foaming molded object 11, the escape route of the water vapor | steam which the water content of the inorganic foaming molded object 11 evaporated will be lost, the risk of explosion will be suppressed, and also heat-resistant safety The outer wall panel 10 having excellent properties can be manufactured.

A plurality of inorganic foamed molded articles 11 including a curable inorganic composition prepared from SiO ₂ · Al ₂ O ₃ -based inorganic powder, alkali metal silicate, at least one of a surfactant or a foaming agent, and water. Is an outer wall panel attached to a substrate with an adhesive 14, and the inorganic foamed molded body 11 has a side of 110 mm to 390 mm, an area of 27,500 mm ² to 152,100 mm ² , and a thickness of 7 mm to 25 mm. The rectangle is In this way, the size of the inorganic foamed molded body 11 is specified, and the outer wall panel 10 excellent in heat resistance and safety can be easily realized.

  The inorganic foam composition can be adjusted in specific gravity (bubble volume ratio) by adding a surfactant and adjusting the kneading temperature at 10 ° C to 50 ° C. In this way, the specific gravity is adjusted at the time of kneading, and subsequent changes in specific gravity can be suppressed. For this reason, as in the case of an inorganic foam composition using a foaming agent, the problem that foaming progresses in the process of heat curing and thermal deformation (warping, etc.) due to non-uniform specific gravity can be reduced, and further heat and safety The outer wall panel 10 excellent in performance can be realized.

  In addition, the size (horizontal width is 900 mm, vertical width is 3000 mm) of the outer wall panel 10 of the present embodiment is set from a practical viewpoint. The size of the outer wall panel 10 can be selected as appropriate, and the outer wall panel 10 excellent in heat and safety can be manufactured by setting the specification of the inorganic foamed molded body 11 as the face material to the specification indicated by the fire resistance test result.

  In the present embodiment, the present invention is applied to an outer wall panel of a building. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any object having an outer wall structure can be applied.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an outer wall panel used in a fire resistance test.

Explanation of symbols

10 External Wall Panel 11 Inorganic Foam Molded Body 12 Plaster Board (Substrate)
13 Adhesive 14 Iron plate (substrate)

Claims (3)

A plurality of inorganic foamed molded articles containing a curable inorganic composition prepared from SiO ₂ · Al ₂ O ₃ based inorganic powder, alkali metal silicate, surfactant , and water are formed on a substrate by an elastic adhesive. An outer wall panel attached to
An outer wall panel, wherein the inorganic foamed molded body is a substantially rectangular shape having a side of 100 mm to 400 mm, an area of 20,000 mm ^{2 to} 160,000 mm ² , and a thickness of 6 mm or more. The outer wall panel according to claim 1,
The outer wall panel, wherein the substrate is a metal substrate. The outer wall panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer wall panel is a laminated plate, and at least one layer is a plaster plate.

Images